Terapia Breve de Pareja GRUPO1
July 20, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Download Terapia Breve de Pareja GRUPO1...
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M\HD M\ HD ULG LGKH KHGD GD EL HKULY^LKGHBK 9?94
HKULMYDKULW
GDYJLK JDYMBU GDWUH@@B HIDYYD JHYHDJ EL @D GY\Q JDYUL@ ^L@HK EÊDQ BWBYHB L ADWCJHKL N\LKULW Y\WNNDWGL WDYD @HKDYLW JHGCD
, BIALUH^BW X GDJ_B EL @D ULYD_HD IYL^L GBK _DYLADW Ls ukd hktlrvlkgh÷k el slhs d bgcb slshbkls gbk pdrlads, gbk l` bialthvb el hktlrrujphr y edr ukd kulvd ehrlggh÷k d pdtrbkls el gbjukhgdgh÷k rlplththvbs y dkthgudebs lk `ds rl`dghbkls el pdrlads. L` gdjpb lk l` qul sl elsdrrb``d `d tlrdphd irlvl lstä ehrhmheb d grldr gbksghlkghd lk `d pdrlad el su nbrjdlkg`dvdebs el hktlrdgtudr lk mlklrd `d qul lstäk gbknhkdebs, y kb prbeugthvhede y jlabrds lk su rl`dgh÷k, gbk l` nhk el gdjihdr lstd nbrjd el hktlrdgtudr pdrd qul `bs jhljirbs el `d pdrlad lxplrhjlktlk `d pbshih`hede el ukd ehkäjhgd el rl`dgh÷k mrdthnhgdktl d`tlrkdthvd.
JLUD Lktbkgls sl pulel elghr qul `d jltd prhkghpd` el` trdidab irlvl slrä dyuedr d qul `ds pdrlads elsdrrb``lk uk rdkmb jäs djp`hb el bpghbkls el rlspulstd pdrd qul puledk hktlrdgtudr el jbeb jäs lnlgthvb y sdthsndgtbrhb lk tbeds `ds ärlds el su rl`dgh÷k. \k ndgtbr prhjbrehd` pdrd `bmrdr uk rlsu`tdeb lxhtbsb, ls `d iulkd vb`uktde el `ds ebs plrsbkds hkvb`ugrdeds lk `d rl`dgh÷k, lstb sl rlnhlrl d tlklr lklrmêd pdrd `d rl`dgh÷k. L``b sl rl`dghbkd gbk `d vb`uktde el cdglr uk lsnulrzb pdrd `bmrdr `bs gdjihbs elsldebs y l` slktheb qul plrjdklglr lk `d rl`dgh÷k vd`l `d plkd. Lstd iulkd vb`uktde pdrd dglptdr qul l` gdjihb ls tdktb klglsdrhb gbjb hjpbrtdktl. @d iulkd vb`uktde ls uk puktb el pdrthed iäshgb pdrd gud`quhlr trdidab lnlgthvb .
YLW\JLK EL@ GDJ_B EL DGGH×K X @BW @ÊJHULW EL @D ULYD_HD IYL^L GBK _DYLADW • Helkthnhgdr l` prbglsb glktrd` el `bs prbi`ljds. • Dujlktdr `d gbksghlkghd el lkg`dvdjhlktb, `d kdturd`lzd el `d kb rlsb`ugh÷k el prbi`ljds lk `bs prbglsbs rlplththvbs lk `bs prbglsbs rlplththvbs b aulmbs. • Ndgh`htdr l` hktlktb el d`mukds gbkeugtds kulvds d `bs jhljirbs el `d pdrlad, pdrd qul sl elk gulktd el g÷jb pulel lnlgtudrsl l` gdjihb. • Helkthnhgdr gbk prlghsh÷k `ds nbrtd`lzds y elih`hedels lk `d rl`dgh÷k y dyuedr d `ds plrsbkds pdrd qul jbvh`hglk `bs rlgursbs lxhstlktls lk shtudghbkls kulvds. • Dyuedr d` elsdrrb``b el kulvds lstrdtlmhds pdrd rljlehdr eènhght ebkel sld pbshi`l. • Hknukehr lsplrdkzd el qul l` gdjihb ls pbshi`l, pdrd nbjlktdr `d held el qul ehgcb gdjihb klglshtd lquh`hirdrsl gbk dglptdgh÷k.
NBYUD@LQDW NBYUD@LQD W X @HJHU @HJHUDGHB DGHBKLW KLW EL @D ULYD_HD IYL^L GBK _DYLADW NBYUD@LQDW
d) @d nbrtd`lzd el `d tlrdphd irlvl gbk pdrlads rdehgd prhkghpd`jlktl lk l` trdidab gbrtb, ihlk lknbgdeb, ehrhmheb cdghd jltds juy lsplgênhgds. Bnrlgl d `ds plrsbkds `d bpbrtukhede el dprlkelr kulvds lstrdtlmhds pdrd `d sb`ugh÷k el prbi`ljds.
g) @d tlrdphd el tèrjhkb irlvl gbk su èkndshs sbirl `d d`hdkzd el trdidab lktrl l` tlrdplutd y `d pdrlad jhkhjhzd `d trdksnlrlkghd.
i)Jhkhjhzd `ds bpghbkls el `d trhdkmu`dgh÷k el` tlrdplutd lk `d ehkäjhgd el `d rl`dgh÷k, elad d` tlrdplutd `hirl pdrd cdglr `ds hktlrvlkghbkls delgudeds elktrb el` shstljd y elspuès rlthrdrsl, pbr `b qul `bs prbtdmbkhstds sl lknrlktdk l` ukb d` btrb shk `d prlslkghd el ukd tlrglrd plrsbkd lk l` prbglsb.
e) @d tlrdphd irlvl tdjihèk thlkl `d vlktdad el lxpbklrel d `d ukd tlrglrd `bs slgrltbs jäs êkthjbs pdrlad, sb`bplrsbkd pbr uk thljpb `hjhtdeb `b gud` rleugl `d pbshih`hede el qul `ds plrsbkds sl shlktdk dvlrmbkzdeds b lxpulstds cdghd d`muhlk lxtlrkb b uk bislrvdebr, `d tlrdphd irlvl jhkhjhzd lstl l`ljlktb vbylurhstd hklvhtdi`l lk l` trdidab gbk pdrlads.
l) @d tlrdphd el irlvl thlkl `d vlktdad kb nbjlktdr ukdtèrjhkb elplkelkghd d `drmb p`dzb el lk `bs g`hlktls b tlrdplutds y el lknbgdrsl lk `bs bialthvbs dgbredebs jutudjlktl.
@HJHUDGH BKLW
d) @d tlrdphd irlvl kb plrjhtl `d gbksb`hedgh÷k el kulvbs pdtrbkls el gbkeugtd lk l` gursb el `d jhsjd. _br tdktb, dukqul l` irlvl plrhbeb cdih`hedels, plrjhtl d`mukds gbknhrjdghbkls el kulvds gudkebrlplthghbkls l` prbglsb vdy jd`, kb prbpbrghbkd l` thljpb dehghbkd` pdrd `d gbksb`hedgh÷k el lstl dprlkehzdal gbk `d dyued el uk lxplrtb.
i) @d `hjhtdgh÷k prhkghpd` el `d tlrdphd irlvl gbk pdrlads rdehgd lk qul shjp`ljlktl pulel kb d`gdkzdr gbktlkhebs plrsbkd`ls dslktdebs el jdklrd prbnuked qul lstèk gbknukehlkeb `d rl`dgh÷k, gbjb pbr laljp`b `d gbknhdkzd iäshgd sl cd vhstb dnlgtded pbr diusb y klm`hmlkghd trdujäthgbs lk `d hkndkghd, yd sld pshgb`÷mhgb, nêshgb b djibs.
g) @d klglshede pdrd l` lstdi`lghjhlktb räpheb el ukd d`hdkzd el trdidab lnlgthvd lk `d tlrdphd irlvl, rlquhlrl qul elktrb el `d slsh÷k hkhghd` sl elsdrrb``l `d gbknhdkzd sunhghlktl sunhghlktl lk l` tlrdplutd y lk l` prbglsb el tlrdphd, plrb sh `d pdrlad b ukb el `bs jhljirbs el `d pdrlad sl julstrdk rlgl`bsbs el nbrjd rlhtlrded, lktbkgls quhzä kb sld sld pbshi`l lstdi`lglr ukd d`hdkzd el trdidab elktrb el` thljpb ehspbkhi`l.
e) Xd qul `d jltd el `d tlrdphd irlvl ls lknbgdr y ehrhmhr l` ehkdjhsjb glktrd` hkcdih`htdeb lk `d rl`dgh÷k, l` tlrdplutd kb lstdrä lk pbshih`hedels el bislrvdr `d rl`dgh÷k jugcb jäs d``ä el su gdjpb el hktlrvlkgh÷k.
_DYD @D ULYD_HD IYL^L GBK _DYLADW Wl cd l`lmheb ``djdr d lstl lknbqul pdrd pdrd tlrdphd el pdrlad uk jbel`b hktlmrdebr,, eliheb d qul trdl gbkshmb gbkglptbs el nulktls cujdkhstds, hktlmrdebr gbmkbsghthvbs-gbkeugtud`ls y pshgbdkd`êthgds.
Lsquljd Hktlrplrsbkd` Glktrd` 1 Hkg`uyl `ds . grllkghds qul gded plrsbkd thlkl dglrgd el sê jhsjb, el `bs btrbs y el `d kdturd`lzd el `d rl`dgh÷k rl`dgh÷k. Yl`dghbkls Wuislgulktls Jb`eldeds pbr l` Lsquljd Hktlrplrsbkd` Glktrd` 1 Ls `d plrsplgthvd hktlrsuialthvd idsded sbirl rl`dghbkls el bialtb hktlrkd`hzdeds, gded quhlk ``lvd gbkshmb ukd rhqulzd el pbshih`hedels pbshih`hedels hktlrplrsbkd`ls tbjde tbjdeds ds el `ds prbphds lxplrhlkghds pdsdeds gbk btrds plrsbkds shmkhnhgdthvds jlehdktl l` prbglsb el hktrbylggh÷k, helkthnhgdgh÷k l hjhtdgh÷k.
ELWDYYB@@B EL@ LWT\LJD HKULY_LYWBKD@ GLKUYD@ LK @D HKNDKGHD1 Gded hktrbylggh÷k qul sl cdmd el `bs pderls b jbjlktbs vhvhebs lk `d hkndkghd, deb`lsglkghd, sl `hmdrä el lstd jdklrd d uk lsglkdrhb el lxplrhlkghds lsplgênhgb lk l` lstdeb el` yb khôb. Udktb l` gbktlkheb el `bs lstdebs el` yb pderl gbjb l` el `bs lstdebs el` yb khôb gbksthtuylk `d jdtlrhd prhjd pdrd `bs rb`ls rlgêprbgbs qul nbrjdk `ds idsls pdrd `bs lsth`bs el hktlrdggh÷k deu`td. (Yy`l,4889) HKULYDGGH×K EL @D _DYLAD IDWDED LK @BW YB@LW EL YL@DGH×K Lk l` gursb el` elsdrrb``b, gded ukb elsdrrb``d jugcbs rb`ls el rl`dgh÷k rlgbph`debs lk slrhls el lphsbehbs rl`dghbkdebs d lxplrhlkghds dnlgthvds, `ds gud`ls gbksthtuylk `ds suiplrsbkd`hedels el` yb deu`tb.
GBKGL_UB EL DA\WUL HKGBKWGHLKUL LKUYL @DW _DYLADW @d held qul `ds plrsbkds el jdklrd hkgbksghlktl, pulelk lsgbmlr pdrlads qul sl daustlk d sus pdtrbkls el rl`dgh÷k el` pdsdeb, elsel cdgl thljpb cd sheb el hmud` hktlrès pdrd jugcbs tl÷rhgbs. GHG@B EL YLNBYQDJHLKUB B GÊYG\@B ^HGHBWB EL HKULYDGGH×K @ds nulktls prbpbrghbkdk rlprlslktdghbkls prbi`ljäthgds el `bs prbglsbs jlehdktl `bs gud`ls ebs plrsbkds gbk jdrgbs el rlnlrlkghd ehnlrlktls pulelk lkmdkgcdrsl lk uk jbeb qul rlnulrzd sus supbshghbkls nukedjlktd`ls dglrgd el l``bs jhsjbs, `bs btrbs y `d kdturd`lzd el `d rl`dgh÷k.
HKN@\LKG HD EL NDGUBYLW GBKULSU \D@LW LK L@ GDJ_B
L` hjpdgtb el pdtrbkls elrhvdebs el lxplrhlkghds pdsdeds trdêeds d` prlslktl, klglshtd jlehdrsl pbr `d hkn`ulkghd el ndgtbrls dgtud`ls lk l` äjihtb qul gbjpltl d `d rl`dgh÷k el pdrlad, khkmñk mrupb el ndgtbrls bplrdk pbr sê sb`b, shljprl cdy jñ`thp`ls hkn`ulkghds qul hjpdgtdk lk `d pdrlad.
Dukqul `ds ebs plrsbkds ``lvdk d su rl`dgh÷k dgtud` lxplrhlkghds, sus jbebs gdrdgtlrêsthgbs el brmdkhzdr `ds idsdebs lk lvlktbs dguju`dthvbs, sbk hkehvheubs ñkhgbs lk uk kulvb lkgulktrb ñkhgb gbk l`ljlktbs qul slräk pdrthgu`drls pdrd su rl`dgh÷k, pbr tdktb, gbk pbshih`hedels kulvds el hktlrdggh÷k.
_LYW_LGUH ^D HKULYW\I ALUH^D
L^D@\DGH×K X ELNHKHGH×K EL@ _YBI@LJD LK @D L^D@\DGH×K, L@ ULYD_L\UD HELKUHNHGDY HELKUHNHGDYÄ Ä @DW ÄYLDW EL NBYUD@LQD X ELNHGHU EL @D YL@DGH×K _DYD _YBE\GHY \K GDJIHB. ULKHLKEB GBJB BIALU BIALUH^B H^B @D HJ_@HGDGH×K EL DJIBW LK L@ _YBI@LJD X JLUDW GBJ_DYUHEDW. EL KB @BMYDY @D YLD@HQDGH×K EL JLUDW GBKA\KUDW, L@ ULYD_L\UD UYDIDADYÄ @DW EHWGYL_DKGHDW EL @D _DYLAD. _DYLAD. L@
D@M\KDW _YLM\KUDW T\L CDYÄ L@ ULYD_L\UD1 -² _BY T\È DCBYD2 (T\L @BW @@L^× D DG\EHY LK LWUBW JBJLKUBWGD\WD- GYHWHW) -²T\È LS_LGUDUH^DW UHLKLK2 (D@M\KBW UYDLK LS_LGUDUH^DW D@UDW, LK JBEL@BW EL DJHMBW IDWDEBW B NDJH@HDYLW) -²_BY T\È XB, B _BY T\È LK LWUL GBKULSUB LK _DYUHG\@DY2 (GBJB @@LMDYBK D GBKUDGU GBKUDGUDYJLDYJL- @D NÈ CDGHD L@ ULYD_L\UD LW \K NDGUBY GY\GHD@ L@ ÈSHUB EL @D ULYD_HD.) ULYD_HD.)
BIALUH^B
EL
@D
LD@\DGH×K D LWLKNBGDY DX\EDY @DW D@ ULYD_L\UD ÄYLDW GLKUYD@LW EL@ _YBI@LJD, _DYD GBKWHELYDY T\L KLGLWHUD @BMYDYWL X G\Ä@ WLYÄ W\ N\KGH×K LK L@ _YBGLWB G\YDUH^B. MB@ENYHLE (488kls, tdjihèk pulelk prbpbrghbkdr hknbrjdgh>k ñth`. Lstds ehsgrlpdkghds sl nhd`dk `d klglshede el uk trdidab pbstlrhbr, ebkel quhzä sl klglshtl jdybr dtlkgh÷k lk `ds slshbkls nhkd`ls dktls el` ghlrrl el `d hktlrvlkgh÷k el tlrjhkb irlvl
lk
GBKWB@HEDGH×K EL @BMYBW
YLL^D@\DGHBK YL L^D@\DGHBK EL @BW GBKUYDUBW X GBKUYDUBW _DYD L@ N\U\YB
dsplgtb nukedjlktd` el lstd ndsl ls `d lvd`udghbk el`(`bs) gbktrdtb(s) dgbredeb(s), d`mukds prlmuktds rl`lvdktls pdrd l``b, sbk `ds shmuhlktls1 shmuhlktls1
sl cd d`gdkzdeb d `d sdthsndggh>k el tbeds `ds pdrtls2 lxhstlk g`drbs hkehgdebrls el gdjihb, tdktb elktrb gbjb nulrd el `ds slshbkls `bs jhljirbs el `d pdrlad cdk tbrkdeb gbksghlkghd el` prbglsb hjp`êghtb lk sus nd``ds el gbjukh gbjukhgdgh>k6 gdgh>k6 el` ghg`b el rlnbrzdjhlktb qul plrpltud su gbkeugtd el kb sb`ugh>k el prbi`ljds
lstb
cdk bitlkheb bpghbkls d`tlrkdthvds pdrd ukdehhktlrdggh>k jäs grldthvd, qul dslmurl `d gbjukhgdgh>k rlgtd el sus klglshedels y slkthjhlktbs `d lxplrhlkghd el kulvds bpghbkls elktrb el `ds slshbkls sl cd mlklrd`hzdeb cdghd shtudghbkls nulrd el lstds Lk lstd ndsl tdjihèk ls hjpbrtdktl bislrvdr `bs gbktrdtbs nuturbs y què p`dkls thlklk `ds plrsbkds pdrd jdktlklr `ds kulvds gbkeugtds y `bs gdjihbs rld`hzdebs
lk l` nuturb.
ELGHY D EHBW X X WLM\HY DEL@DKUL
@d tdrld nhkd` pdrd `d pdrlad y l` tlrdplutd ls elghr deh>s, `b gud` pulel hjp`hgdrqul l` tlrdplutd rld`hgl uk ñ`thjb rlsujlk y dpbyb tdktb el `ds mdkdkghds bitlkheds gbjb el `ds nbrtd`lzds lk `d rl`dgh>k6 b quhzä hkvb`ugrl d`mñk rhtud` prlvhdjlktl dgbredeb lktrl `d pdrlad y l` tlrdplutd, qul shjib`hgl pdrd l``bs `bs gdjihbsrld`hzdebs y brhmhkdebs eurdktl l` prbglsb el `ds slshbkls lk sê. ¡Ls vhtd` qul l` tlrdplutd plrjhtd d `d pdrlad d`ladrsl el è` y lxprlsdr dihlrtdjlktl su dprlghdgh÷k el! ¡Lsnulrzb qul cdk ``lvdeb d gdib auktds, auktds, ukd dgthtue dihlrtd y mlklrbsd pbr pdrtl el! tlrdplutd, pdrd `d pdrlad `d hjpbrtdkghd tdktb jbel`drd el edr gbjb el rlghihr dprlghdghbk el jdklrd gd`hede y rlspbksdi`l lk ukd rl`dgh÷k.
tlrdplutd dgulred trdidadr gbk lstd rl`dgh÷k pdrlad, lstl gbjprbjhsb prhjbrehd` L`L`tlrdplutd dgulred trdidadr gbk lstd rl`dgh÷k el el pdrlad, lstl gbjprbjhsb prhjbrehd` cdghd cdghd l` prbglsb gbkauktb hkn`uhrä sus hktlrvlkghbkls6 dukqul l` lstl tlktdeb b l` prbglsb gbkauktb hkn`uhrä sus hktlrvlkghbkls6 hktlrvlkghbkls6 dukqul l` lstl tlktdeb b hkvhtdeb d cdglr uk hkvhtdeb d cdglr uk trdidab hkehvheud` qul kb sl rl`dghbkl el jdklrd ehrlgtd gbk trdidab hkehvheud` qul kb sl rl`dghbkl el jdklrd ehrlgtd gbk lstd jltd gbjpdrthed, ls lstd jltdqul gbjpdrthed, ls hjpbrtdktl qul d gded jbjlktb tlkmd lk jlktl qul hjpbrtdktl d gded jbjlktb tlkmd lk jlktl qul ls `d rl`dgh÷k lktrl lstds ebs ls `d rl`dgh÷k lktrl lstds ebs plrsbkds `b qul `l prlbgupd. plrsbkds `b qul `l prlbgupd. @d tdrld el` tlrdplutd ls hktlrglelr lk l` shstljd pdrd elsi`bquldr @d tdrld el` tlrdplutd ls hktlrglelr lk l` shstljd pdrd elsi`bquldr `d gbjukhgdgh÷k y `d gbjukhgdgh÷k y prbphghdr qul lstl bplrl el jbeb jäs lnlgthvb. prbphghdr qul lstl bplrl el jbeb jäs lnlgthvb. cdy gud`quhlr eued dglrgd el lstb, l` tlrdplutd l` gbjprbjhsb èthgb Gudkeb thlkl Gudkeb cdy gud`quhlr eued dglrgd el lstb, l` tlrdplutd thlkl l` gbjprbjhsb èthgb el cdglr el cdglr ukd rlnlrlkghd dprbphded gbk quhlk dthlked `ds klglshedels gbkauktds el ukd rlnlrlkghd dprbphded gbk quhlk dthlked `ds klglshedels gbkauktds el `bs g`hlktls. `bs g`hlktls. ls hjpbrtdktl pdrd l` tlrdplutd el pdrlad el tlrjhkb irlvl gbkshelrdr guhedebsdjlktl `bs ls hjpbrtdktl pdrd l` tlrdplutd el pdrlad el tlrjhkb irlvl gbkshelrdr `dzbs èthgbs y prbnlshbkd`ls el lstl trdidab, d` hmud` qul tlklr prlslktls hklvhtdi`ls guhedebsdjlktl `bs `dzbs èthgbs y prbnlshbkd`ls el lstl trdidab, d` hmud` qul tlklr rlstrhgghbkls hjpulstds pbr `d kdturd`lzd el` thljpb `hjhtdeb y irlvl gbk `d pdrlad. prlslktls hklvhtdi`ls rlstrhgghbkls hjpulstds pbr `d kdturd`lzd el` thljpb `hjhtdeb y _lrjdklglr glktrdeb lk `ds jltds dgbrededs rl quhlrl uk lknbqul ehsghp`hkdrhb y ihlk irlvl gbk `d pdrlad. p`dkldeb pbr pdrtl el` tlrdplutd, quhlk klglshtdrd sl`lgghbkdr el jdklrd guhedebsd, el _lrjdklglr glktrdeb lk `ds jltds dgbrededs rl- quhlrl uk lknbqul ehsghp`hkdrhb lktrl su drkp`hb drkp`hb rlplrtbrh rlplrtbrhb, b, sb`b dqul``ds lstrdtl lstrdtlmhds mhds l hktlrvlkghbkls qul qul nbjlktlk `ds p`dkldeblktrl pbr è` ypdrtl el` tlrdplutd, quhlk klglshtdrd sl`lgghbkdr el y ihlkdgbrededs jltds `d pdrl pdrlad. ad. jdklrd guhedebsd, el lktrl su drkp`hb rlplrtbrhb, sb`b dqul``ds lstrdtlmhds l ukd iulkd prägthgd lstä vhkgu`ded jugcb d prhkghphbs sustlktdk ukd iulkd hktlrvlkghbkls qul èthgd nbjlktlk `ds jltds lk dgbrededs lktrl è`y `d qul pdrlad. prägthgd tlrdpèuthgd ukd iulkd prägthgd èthgd lstä vhkgu`ded lk jugcb d prhkghphbs qul sustlktdk
ukd iulkd prägthgd tlrdpèuthgd
ukb el `bs prhkghphbs jäs hjpbrtdktls qul ls gud`quhlr tlrdplutd elil gujp`hr, y sl dslmurdrd d `bs jhljirbs el `d pdrlad qul l` clgcb pbr l` gud` phelk dyued sl jdktlkerä gbjl d`md prhvdeb, d` hmud` qul gud`quhlr btrd hknbrrkdgh>k el `ds slshbkls6 pbr tdktb, sl grld gbksghlkghd lk `bs jhljirbs el `d pdrlad el qul `ds slshbkls sbk lxg`ushvds el l``bs ebs y l` tlrdplutd, ls plrjdklglr dpdrtdeb y shk hjpbrtdktl lk sus hktlrdgghbkls gbk l` shstljd el hkrkhsguhrsl `d pdrlad,
klglshtd bislrvdr y trdidadr gb k lstds ebs plrsbkds el! jbeb lk qul sl prlslktdk d è`, gbjd uk shstljd.
L` tlrdplutd lstdi`lglrä uk tbtd` `êjhtl thljpb Eliheb pdrd gded y uk gbktrdtb g`drb pdrd l` kñjlrb elel slshbkls. d qulslsh÷k @d tlrdphd ls el tlrjhkb irlvl) d nhkd`hzdgh÷k klglshtd jdktlklrsl lk jlktl d `b `drmb el` prbglsb pdrd qul tbeds `ds pdrtls hkvb`ugrdeds lstèk tbtd`jlktl gbksghlktls lk gud`quhlr jbjlktb el `d gdkthede el slshbkls gbkg`uheds y, pbr tdktb, el` kñjlrb el slshbkls qul nd`tdk pdrd gbjp`ltdr l` trdidab. `bs tlrdplutds el pdrlad kb lstèk lk btrd rl`dgh>k tlrdpèuthgd (hkehvheud` b mrupd`) gbk khkmukb el `bs jhljirbs, el jbeb qul l` tlrdplutd sl elehqul sb`b d `d rl`dgh÷k.
JDKULKLY @BW @DQBW N\LYDW EL @D WLWHBKLW
Ls hjpbrtdktl cdglr gbktrdtbs guhedebsbs gbk `d pdrlad, sbirl sus ehsgushbkls el `ds slshbkls el tlrdphd lk btrbs gbktlxtbs, `bs gud`ls el jdklrd kdturd` sl rlnlrhräk d `b qul cd trdsglkeheb y cdk trdidadeb lktrl l``bs rlsplgtb el `bs gbktrdtbs jutubs lktrl `ds slshbkls. ls lslkghd` pdrd ukd iulkd prägthgd sbstlklr ukd gbk `bs gbbrehkdgh÷k btrbs prbnlshbkd`ls hkvb`ugrdebs, guhedebsd tdktb dktls el ½ ``lvdr d gdib `d tlrdphd,
gbjd lk l` gursb el lstd.
KL\UYD@HEDE ULYD_L\UHGD
Lk `d tlrdphd el tlrjhkb irlvl gb k pdrlads, ls juy prbidi`l q lk gb`dibrdgh÷k gbk btrbs prbnlshbkd`ls, quhzä ukb b djibs j pdrlad lstèk lk tlrdphd hkehvheud`, b sl rlquhlrd lstdi`lglr l jèehgb m lk lrd` b pshquh dtrd, b gbk sl rvhgh bs sbgh d`ls , hkvb`ugrdeb l` ihlklstdr y slmurhede el `bs khôbs. Gud`quhlr r el` prbglsb b gbktlkheb el `d tlrdphd elil ehsg uth rsl g
hkvb`ugrded y bitlklrsl su gbkslkthjhlktb pdrd lstb6 deljäs el `d gbrtlzd prbnlshbkd`, ls jäs prbidi`l qul l` dpbyb prbp tbebs `bs prbnlshbkd`ls hkvb`ugrdebs, dslmurl uk rlsu`tdeb l tlrdphd el tlrjhkb irlvl gbk `d pdrlad.
@HJHUL EL @D GBJ_LULKGHD L@ \WB @LMHUHJB EL@ _BELY l` usb el lstl guhedebsb pbelr d ndvbr el`lmêthjb `bs hktlrlsls el` g`hlktl (b g`hlktls), sld ukd rlspbksd- ih`hede èthgd glktrd` el gud`quhlr tlrdplutd qul prdgthgd lk lstl gdjpb. @bs usudrhbs qul dguelk d tlrdphd `b cdglk pbrqul gbknêdk lk qul sl dgtudrd dtlkehlkeb d sus jlabrls hktlrlsls y qul el khkmukd jdklrd uth`hzdrd jd` b diusdrd el `d dutbrhede.
l` rlspltb y gbjprbrkhsb cdghd `d rl`dgh÷k ls uk prlrrlquhshtb pdrd trdidadr gbk pdrlads6 sl trdidad elsel
ukd plrsplgthvd qul uk rlgbkbgl `d klglshede el` vêkgu`b lk `dhktlrsuialthvd rl`dgh÷k, gbjd ndgtbr jbthvdghbkd` prhkghpd` lk `bs slrls cujdkbs. L` tlrdplutd lk `d tlrdphd irlvl thlkl dktls l` rltb pdrthgu`dr el gbjprbjltlrsl el jdklrd tbtd`, hktlrvlkhr el jdklrd `hjphd y elspuès eladr`bs hr l`lmdktljlktl6 lstl prbglsb gbkstd el gbjprbjltlrsl y els`hmdrsl rlquhlrl
Ls grughd` pdrd l` èxhtb el @d tlrdphd irlvl gbk pdrlads kb auzmdr auzmdr y tlklr `d jlktl dihlrtd lk rl`dgh÷k d jdrgbs el rlnlrlkghd el` tlrdplutd6 ls hjpbrtdktl qul lstl kb hjpbkmd sus prbphbs jbel`bs el rl`dgh÷k sbirl btrbs. Ls hjpbrtdktl pdrd `bs tlrdplutds el tlrjhkb irlvl lstdr ehspbkhi`l pdrd ukd ehvlrshede y rdkmb el rl`dghbkls el pdrlad, `bs gud`ls pulelk ehvhehrsl lk ehnlrlkghds rdghd`ls, gu`turd`ls, rl`hmhbsds, leugdghbkd`ls y el g`dsl.
ehsghp`hkd, ghlrtb lsglpthghsjb tlrdpèuthgb y dpbyb el suplrvhsh÷k rlmu`dr pdrd lstl thpb el trdidab tdk eljdkedktl.
YLW_LUB D@D EH^LYWHEDE
GD_HU\@B 49
Lstuehb el Gdsb
D` prhkg hphb sl gbk rb`d y `ulm b lsd` `d lk grêtg d.
Ghg`b el rlnbrzdjhlkb el Alsshgd Mrdk el kb gbjukhgdgh÷k
Kb sby `b sughlkljl kl iulkd l
hkl`hmlkl pdrd è`.
Kb hjpbrd `b qul cdmd,prbid i`ljlkl `b elglpghbkd rè
Cdgl gbsds pdrd gbjp`dglr y dmrdedr d su pdrlad
‐Brd vlz lsby jd`, sb`b ukd el jugcds vlgls‚
Jhlkrds jäs rdd el gbjp`dglr d su jdklrd , jäs sl lkbad è`, lkbkgls sl rltrd elglpghbkde b y l``d sl shlkl brd vlz didkebkded
Kb puleb mdkdr gbk l``d,
"Wby ehnlrlk l y pbgb djdeb
pbr gud`q uhlr gbsd qul ehmb
, elib slr nulrl y cdglr `ds gbsds pbr jh
sl shlkl gu`pd i`l y Jl cdk lklkeheb grhtgd jd`, lsb jl ed. rlgulred jh prhjlr
jhsjb. @bs brbs kb jl lktlk elk"
jdrhjbkhb
4lrd WLWH×K
9ed WLWHBK
Urdidab gbk `d gbk gbjpdthih`hede lk `bs shstljds BIALUH^B1 Lknbgdrsl lk `d gbjukh gbjukhgdgh÷k gdgh÷k y grldr ukd gu`turd tlrdpèuthgd1 gded jhljirb el `d pdrlad, rlspltd l` elrlgcb el` btrb d cdi`dr sbirl `b qul phlksd y slr lsgugcdeb Yl`dgh÷k lktrl l` gbktrdtb, `bs bialthvbs y `ds jltds tlrdpèuthgds.
el vd`brls y jdrgbs el rlnlrlkghd1 Hjpbrtdkghd el `d ehvlrshede y `d ehnlrlkghd, lstds kb lquhvd`lk d duslkghd el djbr, guhedeb y rlspltb L` tlrdplutd gbjhlkzd d sdgdr d `uz `bs elslbs kb lxprlsdebs y `ds supbshghbkls hjp`êghtds qul lstäk hkn`uylkeb lk sus dgthtuels lk l` prbi`ljd
7lrd. WLWHBK
5td. WLWHBK
Lknbqul sbirl `d sb`ugh÷k el prbi`ljds1 G`drhnhgdgh÷k el `d gbjukhgdgh÷k
Yldn Yldnhr hrjd jdgh gh÷k ÷k el Hkth Hkthjh jhed ede e 1 Helkthnhgdr dsplgtbs qul elih`htdk `d hkthjhede1 Gbjpdrthr thljpb d sb`ds.
Lktrlkdr lk cdih`hedels el sb`ugh÷k el prbi`ljds.
Yld`hzdr dgthvhedels kb ruthkdrhds.
_lrjhthr dn`brdr `bs slkthjhlktbs lxp`êghtbs.
_lrjhthr qul lk tlrdphd sl elk lsbs jbjlktbs el hkthjhede
Ljp`lb el` cujbr lk l` p`dktldjhlktb el prbi`ljds
td. WLWHBK
Ylvhsh÷k Urdtdr gbk slkthjhlktbs1 Lxp`hgdr g÷jb sl elsdrrb``dk `bs slkthjhlktbs, cdglr sumlrlkghds sbirl l` jbeb el lxprlsdr`bs y `b qul shmkhnhgdk. Wl lstdi`lglk gbktrdtbs pbstlrhbrls sbirl `ds lxprlshbkls el
`bs jhljirbs el pdrlad.
ljbghbkls.
=jd. WLWHBK
3vd WLWHBK
Ghlrrl _lrjhthr qul `d pdrlad rlnulrgl `bs dprlkehzdals el` trdidab, sus nbrtd`lzds y dsplgtbs klmdthvbs. Udjihèk sl mlklrd `d pbshih`hede el trdtdr `ds ärlds pl`hmrbsds y pbshi`ls ehnhgu`tdels qul puledk puledk surmhr surmhr d nuturb.
@d jltd el `d tlrdphd t lrdphd irlvl ls `d rlsb`ugh÷k el `bs prbi`ljds lknbgdebs d ukd jltd, trdtdkeb `bs dsuktbs suiydglktls kb rlsul`tbs, lstbs pulelk slr el jdklrd hkehvheud` plrb qul dnlgtd d djibs.
@d jltd kb ls y vhvhlrbk nl`hgls pbr shljprl
@ t b h k t l d i e l q j d r s r v l k r l v l e u l l g g h ÷ d e b k g d s l r j b k b e l p d l q h k e ` d g h u h e l i t d l r h g l g h l d e ÷ k g b b r t r d
@ds eljdkeds d` tlrdplutd b suplrvhsbr1
_lrjdklglr lknbgdeb lk jlds y gbkrdbs
Yld`hzdr gbktrdtbs vhdi`ls lsplgênhgbs. _lrjdklglr lknbgdeb lk `ds jltds dgbrededs. L` b `d tlrdplutd klglshtd slkshih`hzdrsl d `ds klglshedels el `d pdrlad, `d lvd`udgh÷k hkhghd` eltlrjhkdrä lstds klglshedels pbr tdktb ls klglsdrhb qul l` prbnlshbkd` dutbrrlmu`l l` jdklab el su prbphd dmlked shk hjpbklr sus klglshedels y sl lknbqul lk `bs dgulrebs prlvhbs. L` nhk ls cdglr uk gbktrdtb vhdi`l, pbr tdktb, `d lxp`brdgh÷k el gulsthbkls prlslktls lk `d pdrlad y sus puktbs el vhstd dglrgd el `bs gdjihbs elsldebs lk `d rl`dgh÷k. Lk l` prbglsb surmlk kulvbs gbktrdtbs lsplgênhgbs pdrd lxp`brdr sus slkthjhlktbs y dgthtuels.
Ls hjpbrtdktl qul l` tlrdplutd rlvhsl guhedebsdjlktl l` gbktrdtb gbk `d pdrlad pdrd helkthnhgdr sh rln`lad el jdklrd g`drd `ds klglshedels el `d pdrlad
Urddr gbk `d rdksnlrlkghd lk `d lrdphd irlvl el pdrlad
Urddr gbk `d rdksnlrlkghd lk `d lrdphd irlvl el pdrlad
@d tdrld el` tlrdplutd ls ndgh`htdr b jlehdr gbk `d gbjukhgdgh÷k el `d pdrlad, plrjhthr trdtdr gbk l` surmhjhlktb el slkthjhlktbs el trdksnlrlkghd pbr pdrtl el `d pdrlad.
Ls hjpbrtdktl lk `d suplrvhsh÷k trdtdr d`tlrkdthvdjlktl gbk `d helkthnhgdgh÷k gbk `d pdrlad y gbk `d klglshede el els`hmdrsl lk l` jbjlktb bpbrtukb.
L` tlrdplutd pulel plrjhthr cdi`dr el lstbs slkthjhlktbs el held`hzdgh÷k el`
L` slr irlvl l` tlrdplutd pulel sunrhr l` hjpdgtb ljbghbkd` pbr l``b `ds elstrlzds y cdih`hedels el uk delgudeb hjpdgtb ljbghbkd` sl elilk nbrtd`lglr
tlrdplutd y el jdklrd dji`l lstbs gbjlktdrhbs pdrd gbknrbktdr plrjhthr lxprlsdr `bs slkthjhlktbs suiydglktls qul surmlk lk `d tlrdphd el pdrlad.
nrlgulktljlktl. Ls hjpbrtdktl uk d`tb gbjprbjhsb pdrd rlspltdr `ds jltds tlrdpèuthgds
Dprlkelr d usdr lalrghghbs el drld lk `d lrdphd irlvl el pdrlads
\sb el` Xb y gud`hedels el` lrdplud
l rlquhlrl el` tlrdplutd vhmbr y n`lxhih`hede1 l` trdidab ls hktlksb y deljäs jdktlklrkbs lknbgdebs lk `ds jltds dgbrededs. L` gbjprbjltlrsl y elsgbjprbjltlrsl hjp`hgd hjpdgtb ljbghbkd` pbr tdktb l` rltb ls eljdkedktl. Elsdrrb``dr l` dprlkehzdal el dgthvhedels y lalrghghbs qul edk nulrzd y sl rl`dghbkdk el jdklrd ehrlgtd gbk `ds jltds dgbrededs. Xd qul sbk ebs lk `d tlrdphd plrjhtl rlnbrzdr `ds dgthvhedels tdktb lk slsh÷k gbjb lk gdsdUdrlds pbgb rld`hstds b prljdturds pulelk gdusdr edôb d` prbglsb, pbr tdktb elilk mrdeudrsl elplkehlkeb el `bs
L` usb el` XB ls , pdrd jbel`dr lk lsplghd` `d gbjukhgdgh÷k ls vhtd` lk `d tlrdphd irlvl.
bialthvbs y jltds. Laj1 cdi`dr lk uk thljpb lsplgênhgb, prlstdr dtlkgh÷k y lxp`hgdr `b qul lktlkeh÷ pdrd `ulmb lxprlsdr slkthjhlktbs
Ehrhmhr dsukbs el pbelr lk suplrvhsh÷k
Nrlkgc y Ydvlk (488
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