Teorias y Metodos Eje 2

 

6

_fqubk`s hubstrfs pr`pcfs o`hoausc`hbs

Bstumcfhtbs Kfrëf Efzkëh Kba` Lufatbr` 27= Fhlcb Nftdbrchb Jrcöbz Luzkæh 27= Bacfhf _`iëf Ybafhmcf Ofhtb 27= Aucs Fabxfhmbr Bstrfmf Lufrhcz` 27=

M`obhtb _fhtcfl` Wãrbz Bodbvbrrc

Iuhmfocÿh Rhcvbrsctfrcf Rhcvbrsctfrcf mba Ærbf Fhmchf Wr`lrfkf Wsco`a`lëf ]b`rëfs y Kãt`m`s Dukfhcsk`

Kfrz` :7:: 

 

:

6.

°Vuã ifot`rbs mcibrbhocfm`rbs pr`p`hb ba bhi`qub o`h rbafocÿh f a`s `tr`s bhi`qubs mb psco`a`lëf0 

_b prbsbhtfh a`s prchocpfabs ‑bhi`qubs‛ ` kfro`s mb rb ibrbhocf o`hobptufabs mb af

 psco`a`lëf o`a`kjcfhf, o`a`kjcfhf, mbhtr` mba mba o`htbxt` mb a`s 97 fö`s mb af _ _`ocbmfm `ocbmfm CChtbrfkbrcofhf htbrfkbrcofhf mb Wsco`a`lëf (_CW). mcod`s bhi`qubs dfh scm` ba psco`fhæacscs, ba fhæacscs mba o`kp`rtfkcbht`, af  psco`a`lëf dukfhcstf dukfhcstf y af psco`a`lëf psco`a`lëf o`lhctcvf. Bst`s bhi`qubs sb bhkfrofh bhkfrofh mbhtr` mmba ba o`htbxt` mb af psco`a`lëf aftch`fkbrcofhf y kuhmcfa. (Zujãh Frmcaf :76:) W`mbk`s vbr o`k` af o`hmuotf bstæ mcrclcmf p`r abybs suebtfs f afs vfrcfjabs fkjcbhtfabs, mbjcm` f bst` afs o`hmuotfs kfa fmfptftcvfs s`h fmqucrcmfs kbmcfhtb ba fprbhmczfeb y pubmbh sbr ofkjcfmfs  p`r a`s prchocpc`s mb fprbhmczfeb. W`r W`r a` tfht`, ba psco`fhæacscs psco`fhæacscs bs ba kãt`m` mb `jsbrvfocÿh `jsbrvfocÿh b chvbstclfocÿh mb af o`hmuotf dukfhf qub o`kprbhmb, bxpacof ba iuhoc`hfkcbht` mba pfocbhtb. W`r `tr` afm`, ba bhi`qub dukfhcstf Bxcstbhocfa surlb o`k` uhf i`rkf mb o`hir`htfr afs ofrbhocfs ` ackctfoc`hbs qub kuod`s fut`rbs bho`htrfr`h bh afs tb`rëfs mba psco`fhæacscs y ba o`hmuotcsk`.

°Bs fpacofjab af vcscÿh fhtr`p`aÿlcof qub pr`p`hb ba bhi`qub fa o`htbxt` afj`rfa y  pr`ibsc`hfa mb af psco`a`lëf psco`a`lëf bh O`a`kjcf0 O`a`kjcf0 Bs mb rbsfatfr qub, pfrf ba sbr dukfh` vcst` mbsmb ba bhi`qub Dukfhcstf prckfh afs hbobscmfmbs mb afs qub h`s dfjaf Kfsa`w, pfrtcbhm` mbsmb af fut`rrbfaczfocÿh qub ab pbrkctb fa sbr dukfh` prc`rczfr prc`rc zfr a` qub bstæ o`k` prckbrf kbmcmf bh af bsofaf mb su hbobscmfm o`k` ba rbo`h`ockcbht` mb sus sus ofpfocmfmbs ofpfocmfmbs,, vcrtumbs y oufacmfmbs, oufacmfmbs, p`r tfht`, mbsmb uhf o`sk`vcscÿh fhtr`p`aÿlcof, fhtr`p`aÿlcof, o`k` prchocpc` mb af chtblrcmfm kcskf mba chmcvcmu` o`h rbafocÿh fa o`htbxt` afj`rfa, bs iuhmfkbhtfa qub ba sbr dukfh` sb rbo`h`zof fsë kcsk`, mbsmb su ofpfocmfmbs qub ab pbrkctf o`hir`htfr af rbfacmfm qub vcvb ba pfës fotufakbhtb y qub mb uhf u `trf kfhbrf ofrbob mb `p`rtuhcmfmbs afj`rfabs fuh scbhm` pr`ibsc`hfa, p`r a` qub, bhtrf bhtr f bh  eubl` `trf mb afs bsofafs mb hb hbobscmfmbs obscmfmbs mb mb Kfsa`w o`k` bs af _blurcmfm y af bstfjcacmfm

 

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afj`rfa, fibotfhm` a`s bstfm`s bk`oc`hfabs, psco`s`ocfabs mbsbho mbsbhofmbhfhm` fmbhfhm` bh ba chmcvcmu` fibotfoc`hbs f su sfaum kbhtfa, bs faaë m`hmb af psco`a`lëf eublf uh pfpba ckp`rtfhtb bh ba ækjct` afj`rfa y bspbocfakbhtb bh ba bhi`qub qub sb obhtrf bh af pbrs`hf ba ‑O`uhsbachl afj`rfa‛ ba oufa jusof ba pr`k`vbr ba mbsfrr`aa` mb af pbrs`hf bh fut`rrbfaczfocÿh o`k`

o`kp`hbhtb qub ab pbrkctf cmbhtcicofr ofkjc`s mb su o`hmuotf o`hmuotf y qub bstæ f su vbz ab jrchmb af `p`rtuhcmfm mb bv`auoc`hfr bh su rbo`h`ockcbht` y af trfsobhmbhocf mb su rbfaczfocÿh  pbrs`hfa.

°Vuã vbhtfefs y mbsvbhtfefs prbsbhtf af h` mcrbotcvf qub pr`p`hb Ofra Z`lbr bh su tbrfpcf obhtrfmf bh af pbrs`hf0

Bstf tbrfpcf bs uhf mb afs ckp`rtfhtbs bh af psco`tbrfpcf dukfhcstf yf qub a`lrf af bxpa`rfocÿh mb afs bk`oc`hbs mba oacbhtb y p`r kbmc` mb af a f bkpftëf y o`hicfhzf qub sb bstfjabob bhtrb ãa y ba tbrfpbutf> p`mrëfk`s chcocfr kbhoc`hfhm` qub OFZA Z@LBZ_  pr`p`hb ‑sc mbefrfh fa hcö` bh

o`kpabtf acjbrtfm pfrf fotufr. _ch p`hbr tr trfjfs fjfs bh su

mbsfrr`aa`. ]`m` a` qub dflf y fprbhmf scbkprb bstfræ o`rrbot` o`rrbo t` y sbræ jubh` pfrf ba‛

Ybhtfefs bho`htrfmfs Bstb kãt`m` p`sctcv` prbsbhtf faluhfs vbhtfefs tfabs o`k` uh sbhtckcbht` mb bkpftëf mba tbrfpbutf pbrkctcbhm` qub bstb aablub f a`s kæs pr`iuhm` mb a`s sbhtckcbht`s mba oacbhtb a` qub pbrkctb uh kbe`r bhtbhmckcbht` mb afs sctufocÿh, `trfs mb afs vbhtfefs bs qub murfhtb af tbrfpcf ba oacbhtb bs qucbh tcbhb ba pfpba kæs ckp`rtfhtb oo`k` `k` bhtb fotcv` mb af o`hvbrsfocÿh y ba tbrfpbutf eublf ba r`a pfscv` mb af oafrcicofocÿh, o`kprbs o`kprbscÿh cÿh y bstckuafocÿh k`tcv k`tcvfoc`hfa foc`hfa o`hstfhtb pfrf qub ba oacbhtb aablub fut` o`kprbhmbrsb.

 

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Mbsvbhtfefs bho`htrfmfs Af ifatf mb vfacmbz bkpërcof mb vfrc`s mb sus p`stuafm`s Af vcscÿh d`aëstcof mba sbr dukfh` fa aabvfr t`m` dfocf a` p`sctcv`, a` oufa h` pbrkctb fhfaczfr afs vfrcfjabs Afs pbrs`hfs qub mbsorcjbh o`k` fatfkbhtb iuhoc`hfabs mbsorcjbh vf kæs dfocf uhf vcscÿh ouaturfs `oocmbhtfabs, bst` h` a`lrf tbhbr uhfs ofrfotbrëstcofs llbhbrfabs, bhbrfabs, Clh`rfr ifot`rbs ckp`rtfhtbs jc`aÿlco`s _br kuy `jebtcv`s y bst` pubmb aablfr a ablfr sbr o`kpacofm` pfrf tbhbr uh sustbht` ocbhtëico` (Wuacm`,:7:6) °Vuã fp`rtf bh su vcmf pbrs`hfa af pr`pubstf tbÿrcof mba bhi`qub dukfhcstf bxcstbhocfa0 ]`kfhm` ba p`stuafm` mb Efkbs Julbhtfa bh 639= bh ba qub h`s pafhtbf ocho`  prchocpc`s y qub qub mbsmb kc vcmf vcmf pbrs`hfa bh ba qub qub pubm` dfobr dfobr uhf chtr`spboocÿh chtr`spboocÿh y qub ãs ãstf tf f af vbz pbrkctf rbo`h`obr rbo`h`obr afs ofpfocmfmbs ofpfocmfmbs y oufacmfmbs mba sbr chtblrfa c htblrfa qub s`k`s, fa sbr o`hsocbhtb mb af ofpfocmfm mb acjbrtfm bh ba sfjbr t`kfr mbocsc`hbs qub i`rtfabzofh kc fut`rrbfaczfocÿh tfht` bh ba o`htbxt` dukfh` b chtbrpbrs`hfa, bs ckp`rtfhtb tfkjcãh rbo`h`obr af ofpfocmfm ]babpætcof (rbafocÿh o`h Mc`s), o`k` sbr trfsobhmbhtfa qub eublf uh  pfpba ckp`rtfhtb bh bh kc mckbhscÿh bspcrctufa. Af psco`a`lëf trfmcoc`hfa (suebt`-`jebt`, suebt` y o`htbxt`, rfzÿh y bk`ocÿh, rfzÿh b chtucocÿh, rfzÿh b cho`hsocbhtb, kbhtb y oubrp`, oubrp` y bspërctu). Mcod` bh jrbvbs pfafjrfs, brf o`hobjcr fa sbr dukfh` o`k` uhf s`af uhcmfm o`h su fkjcbhtb, tbhbr prbsbhtb qub ba sbr dukfh` bs tfkjcãh uhf uhcmfm bh së kcskf, bs mbocr, s`k`s jc`aÿlco`s y bspcrctufabs f af vbz, s`k`s bstãtco`s y prckctcv`s f af vbz, s`k`s pr`fotcv`s y rbfotcv`s f af vbz (Zcvbr`s,:76=)

 

2

Bstfs tb`rëfs qub `irbob bstb bhi`qub fp`rtf uhf vcscÿh kæs acjrb, bh m`hmb bs ckp`rtfhtb oubstc`hfrh`s quã h` s`k`s, s`a` a` qub af s`ocbmfm pubmb ckp`hbr s`jrb ofmf chmcvcmu`, ` sckpabkbhtb qubmfr frrfclfm` f uhf o`hmuotf o`h af oufa h`s p`mrëfh kfhcpuafr bh mcibrbhtbs ækjct`s mb hubstrfs vcmf, bs m`hmb mbjbk`s oubstc`hfr oubstc`hfr mcibrbhtbs fspbot`s mb hubstrf vcmf y mfr bsf ckp`rtfhocf qub ofmf uh` tcbhb, dfobr uhf chtr`spboocÿh mëf f mëf, kuodfs vbobs sb h`s `avcmf ba r`a qub p`mbk`s oukpacr bh hubstrf s`ocbmfm y vcmf, h`s ackctfk`s f sckpabkbhtb vcvcr sch uh pr`pÿsct` ` s`a` f s`jrbvcvcr, p`r baa` bs ckp`rtfhtb fp`rtfr uh o`h`ockcbht` uhf kcrfmf kæs fkpacf dfocf hubstrf vcmf y hubstr` sbr.

 

9

Zbibrbhocfs

(Frmcaf, Zujãh) Bhi`qubs o`hobptufabs mb af psco`a`lëf bh O`a`kjcf Chtbrfkbrcofh E`urhfa `i Wsyod`a`ly, v`a. =9, hõk. 6, :76:, pp.