QHMWFL AH@ AH@FQM Qrlafefmil`khith sh ahjfih ah`ftm emkm `l leefõi y mkfsfõi philal pmr `hy. H` eõafbm phil` ahjfih l` ah`ftm emkm `ls leefmihs u mkfsfmihs am`msls m eu`pmsls philals pmr @hy (@l leefõi letfvl m plsfvl hs `l glsh ah `l emiauetl emiauetl puifg`h). @l Ambkìtfel _hil` ims p`lithl quh h` ah`ftm hs uil emiauetl tëpfel litfnurëafel y eu`plg`h, KFW _XFB, rhembfhiam `lslitfnurëafem fahls ah ZMI @FU^Q ylülafæiamsh GH@FIB,hsmstfhih quh ah`ftm hsquh h` emkpmrtlkfhitm cuklim tëpfelkhith y eu`plg`h, lülafæiams l khiuam `l h`hxfbhiefl shl puifg`h. QHMWËL AH@ AH@FQM @l Qhmrël ah` ah`ftm hs h` fistrukhitm emiehptul` quh phrkfth le`lrlr tmals `ls euhstfmihs rhjhrhiths l` checm puifg`h. Ufrvh ah blrlitël l` ahjfifr `ms prhsupuhstms quh phrkfthi el`fjfelr ui checm emkm ah`ftm m jl`tl. @l thmrël ah` ah`ftm hs mgrl ah `l ametrfil nurëafem phil` y emistftuyh `l klifjhstlefõi kls elrlethrëstfel y h`lgmrlal ah `l ambkìtfel ah` Ahrhecm phil`. Hstl tfhih emkm mgnhtfvm thõrfem kls h`hvlam `l gþsquhal ah `ms prfiefpfms gìsfems ah` Ahrhecm _hil` pmsftfvm y su lrtfeu`lefõi hi ui sfsthkl þifem H@HKHIQMU AH@ CHECM _XIFG@H EMIAXEQL. `ms checms puifg`hs im puhahi shr mtrl emsl quh emiauetls cuklils. QF_FEFALA QF_FEF ALA..- h` ah` ah`ftm ftm sm`m puh puhah ah shr uil emiau emiauetl etl quh sh emr emrrhs rhspmi pmiah ah emi ui tfpm tfpm phi phil` l` e`lrlkhith jmrku`lam. @m ahjfiftfvm hs shül`lr quh im cly ah`ftm sfi tfpm `hbl`> hs ahefr, quh glnm `l emikfilefõi phil` sm`m elhi lquh``ls leefmihs jmrku`lals e`lrlkhith hi hsphefhs ah ah`ftms ahjfifams pmr h` ahrhecm pmsftfvm emkm h` cmkfefafm, h` rmgm m `l hstljl. LIQFNXWFEFALA.- Ufbifjfel emitrlafeefõi emi h` ahrhecm y h` mrahilkfhitm nurëafem. EX@
[email protected] @l emiauetl sh ahgh rhprmeclr nurëafelkhith l` sunhtm pmr im clghr checm `m quh ahgël clehr, euliam slgfl quh hstlgl clefhiam l`bm afstfitm ah `m mg`fblam pmr h` klialtm m `m prmcfgfam pmr h`. @ls emiafefmihs ahitrm ah `ls quh letuõ u mkftfõ smi emisfahrlals pmr h` ahrhecm sujfefhiths plrl phrkftfr`h mptlr hitrh eukp`fr h` klialtm m vfm`lr`m. @l elrlethrëstfels ah `l puifgf`fala hs kuy afseutfal4 phrm ahitrm ah hsth ìkgftm sh hiemitrlrëli `ls ‐emiafefmihs mgnhtfvls ah puifgf`fala‛ y ‐@ls hxeusls lgsm`utmrfls‛ Uu lushiefl y, hi l`buims elsms, su emieurrhiefl im fkpfah `l litfnurfefala if `l eu`plgf`fala. IMWKL WHEQMWL> Umi lquh``ls quh ``hvli `ms prfiefpfms bhihrl`hs y `ms ``hvli l imrkls pmsftfvls m `h ali ahslrrm``m ahslrrm``m `hbl` m nurfs nurfspruahiefl`, pruahiefl`, im erhl h` _rfiefp _rfiefpfm fm sfim quh `m fia fiafvfaul`fzl. fvfaul`fzl. _WFIEF_FM WHEQMW> Hs h` emithifam fijmrklamr, quh pmr su prmpfl ilturl`hzl emistftuefmil` fkpmih `ëkfths l` pmahr puiftfvm ah` Hstlam. _. AH @HBL@FALA> Hs h` prfiefpl` `ëkfth ah `l vfm`hiefl puiftfvl, iu``uk erfkhi, iu``l pmhil sfih `hbh. Uh prhefsl, e`lrfjfel y jmrtl`heh l trlvãs ah` tfpm phil`. Hitmiehs, sh emistftuyh hi uil jõrku` jõr ku`ll sfi sfitæt tætfel fel quh hxp hxprhs rhsll h` emi eminui nuitm tm ah `ëk `ëkfth fthss quh sur surbhi bhi ah` ah` rhj rhjhrf hrfam am prf prfief iefpfm pfm plr plrll efreuiserfgfr emi lgsm`utl prhefsfõi `l emiauetl prmcfgfal m klialal l` rhsphetm ah `l eul` hstì
hi`lzlam h` hnhrefefm ah` pmahr puiftfvm. Lrt. FF Qft. _rh`fkfilr ah` E_. y Lrt. 7¾, iukhrl` 71, fiefsm a, ah `l Emistftuefõi. _. AH HSE@XUFÕI AH LIL@MBËL> Qfhih afrhetl rh`lefõi emi h` prfiefpfm ah @hbl`fala, l plrtfr ah h``m sh lavfhrth afrhetl rh`lefõi emi `l prmcfgfefõi ah lil`mbël. @l lil`mbël hs h` prmehsm pmr h` eul` smi rhsuh`tms `ms elsms im prhvfstms hi `l `hy, hxthiafæiam`hs l h``ms `ls afspmsfefmihs prhvfstls plrl elsms shkhnliths (lil`mbël `hbfs) m hstìi ahauefams ah `ms prfiefpfms bhihrl`hs ah` ahrhecm (lil`mbël nurfs). @l prmcfgfefõi ah `l lil`mbël sõ`m l`elizl l lquh``l quh hs phrnuafefl` plrl h` fieu`plam (lil`mbël fi kl`lk plrthk)4 pmr h` emitrlrfm, `l lil`mbël jlvmrlg`h hs lehptlal. Zbr> Lp`felr pmr lil`mbël efreuistliefls lthiuliths m elusl`hs ah hxe`usfõi ah `l puifgf`fala. @m ahefsfvm hs h` thxtm `hbl`, tmam `m quh hstæ eugfhrtm pmr h` thxtm shrì fithrprhtlefõi nustfjfela nustfjfelal, l, `m quh im hstæ shrì fithrprhtlefõi lil`õbfel. Ahgh rhsphtlrsh, hi tmam elsm , h` shitfam `fthrl` pmsfg`h emkm `ëkfth hxtrhkm. _. AH FWWHQWMLEQFZFALA> Uh hxe`uyh `l pmsfgf`fala ah lp`felefõi rhtrmletfvl ah `l `hy phil`, sl`vm quh juhrl kìs jlvmrlg`h plrl h` fkputlam. _. AH QLSLQFZFALA> Hsth prfiefpfm hxfbh quh `l imrkl phil`, ahgh prhefslr l` kìxfkm pmsfg`h `ls emiauetl prmcfgfal y `l sliefõi quh hs mgnhtm ah prmcfgfefõi, l jfi ah hvftlr quh `l kfskl rhsu`th lrgftrlrfl m hxehsfvlkhith fivlsfvl. _. AH @HUFZFALA (AH _WMQHEEFÕI AH @MU GFHIHU NXWËAFEMU X MJHIUFZFALA)> _lrl quh uil emiauetl shl emisfahrlal f`ëeftl im sõ`m rhqufhrh uil rhl`fzlefõi jmrkl`, sfim quh lahkìs hs ihehslrfm quh afecl emiauetl clyl puhstm hi ph`fbrm m `hsfmilam l ui gfhi nurëafem ahthrkfilam. Hstm sfbifjfel quh tmams `ms prhehptms phil`hs ahghi prmthbhr gfhihs nurëafems y quh im sh trltl ah quh h` Hstlam fkpmibl uil kmrl`, uil pm`ëtfel m rh`fbfõi4 hs ahefr, im ahgh rhelhr smgrh `l `fghrtla ah` efualalim y pmr h``m sh ahgh tuth`lr fithrhshs em`hetfvms ah tmal `l smefhala im ah ui brupm ahthrkfilam. Iu``uk erfkhi sfih fifurfl. _. AH EX@_LGF@FALA> @l phil rhqufhrh ah `l rhspmislgf`fala phil` ah` lutmr. \uhal prmserftl tmal jmrkl ah rhspmislgf`fala mgnhtfvl (Lrt. ZFF, Qftu`m _rh`fkfilr E_). Eu`plgf`fala sh `h lsfbil ui trfp`h sfbifjfelam> Hsth prfiefpfm fkp`fel quh l uil phrsmil im sh `h puhah sliefmilr ams vhehs pmr ui kfskm checm4 hs ahefr, uil vhz eukp`fal `l phil hstlg`hefal pmr `l imrkl, `l pmthstla puiftfvl m leefõi phil` phil` thrkfil. _. AH@ NXH^ ILQXWL@> Hsth prfiefpfm rhjfhrh quh tmam efualalim tfhih ahrhecm l shr nuzblam pmr ui nuhz prhvflkhith ahthrkfilam pmr `hy y emijm emijmrkh rkh l `hy. QHMWËL AH@ AH@FQM @l thmrël ah` ah`ftm m thmrël ah `l fkputlefõi phil`, sh hielrbl ah ahjfifr `ls elrlethrëstfels bhihrl`hs quh ahgh thihr uil emiauetl plrl shr fkputlal emkm checm puifg`h. @l thmrël ah` ah`ftm
ileh ah `l `hy y sh ahslrrm``l emkm ui sfsthkl ah emiehptms l trlvæs ah ui prmehsm ah lgstrleefõi efhitëjfel. Qfhih uil jfil`fala prìetfel, hstm hs emlayuvl l juialkhitlr rhsm`uefmihs hi shah nuafefl`. Uu juiefõi kìs fkpmrtlith fkpmrtlith hs `l blrlitf blrlitfstl, stl, puhstm quh phrkftl jfil`khith jfil`khith lp`felr `l phil. AH@F AH@FQM QM EX@_ EX@_LGF@F LGF@FALA ALA LIQF LIQFNXWFA NXWFAFEFAL FEFALA A FINX FINXUQM UQM QF_FE QF_FEFALA FALA EMIE EMIEH_QM H_QM AH AH@FQM> H` ah`ftm hs uil emiauetl tëpfel, litfnurëafel y eu`plg`h. Um`m uil leefõi u mkfsfõi puhah shr tëpfel, sõ`m uil leefõi u mkfsfõi tëpfel puhah shr litfnurëafel y sõ`m uil leefõi u mkfsfõi litfnurëafel puhah shr eu`plg`h. Lrt. @l tfpfefala, litfnurfafefala y eu`plgf`fala, smi `ms trhs h`hkhitms quh emivfhrthi uil leefõi hi ah`ftm. Hstms ifvh`hs hstìi hi uil rh`lefõi `õbfel ihehslrfl, mrahilams sfsthkìtfelkhith y emistftuyhi `l hstrueturl ah` ah`ftm. Euliam uil emiauetl hs tëpfel y litfnurëafel hstlkms jrhith l` finustm, phrm h` finustm im hs sujfefhith plrl fkputlr ah`ftm sh rhqufhrh h` thst ah eu`plgf`fala. QF_FEFALA> Hs `l vhrfjfelefõi ah sf `l emiauetl emfiefah emi `m ahserftm hi `l `hy (tfpm) hs uil juiefõi quh sh `h ahimkfil tfpfefala. Hsth prmehsm ah fkputlefõi fkp`fel ams lsphetms> Xil emiauetl tëpfel shrì litfnurëafel euliam im emieurrl ifibuil elusl ah nustfjfelefõi. Uf emieurrh uil elusl ah nustfjfelefõi `l emiauetl im hs litfnurëafel. @ls elusls ah nustfjfelefõi smi afspmsfefmih afspmsfefmihss phrkfsfvls hsphefl`hs quh mphrli smgrh eul`qufhr jmrkl gìsfel ah checm puifg`h. Lrt. 7?¿ E_> @l `hbëtfkl ahjhisl, h` hstlam ah ihehsfala y h` hnhrefefm `hbëtfkm ah ui ahrhecm. @l litfnurfafefala fkp`fel uil emistltlefõi ihbltfvl ah `l kfskl. EX@_LGF@FALA (Fkputlefõi phrsmil`)> Uh rhl`fzl ui liì`fsfs ah` fiafvfaum l jfi ah ahthrkfilr su puhah m ahgh rhspmiahr phil`khith pmr su leefmilr. Uh ahgh vhrfjfelr `l> H` emiehptm hs nurëafem m imrkltfvm, puhs, h` Ahrhecm phil` `m mgtfhih l trlvæs ah ui prmehafkfhitm emistruetfvm amiah sh rhl`fzl uil lgstrleefõi ah `m quh hxfsth hi `l rhl`fala. @l vl`mrlefõi ah hsth h`hkhitm puhah vlrflr shbþi `ms erfthrfms ah `ls afjhrhiths `hbfs`lefmihs4 sfi hkglrbm, `m ahefsfvm hs quh ahgh emitlr emi `ms rhqufsftms hstlg`hefams hi `l kmahril thmrël ah `l fkputlefõi ah` ah`ftm. H` E_ im mjrheh ui emiehptm ah emiauetl y kìs gfhi utf`fzl uil thrkfim`mbël vlrflal, mgshrvliam quh `l ametrfil phil` kuhstrl uil shrfh ah tærkfims quh vli l fahitfjfelr`l. LXUHIEFL AH LEEFÕI Juhrzl jësfel frrhsfstfg`h (Zfs Lgsm`utl). Kmvfkfhitms Whj`hnms. Hstlam ah Fiemisefhiefl. Umilkgu`fskm. Cfpimtfskm. Hpf`hpsfl (kl` klymr). Hkgrflbuhz `htìrbfel.
