Tema 70 - Medios de Comunicación y Sociedad de Masas

 

[j`f 91 – @jklns kj cn`uhlcfclóh y sncljkfk kj `fsfs. LH[WNKZCCLÓH

Jb curràcubn kj bfs `ftjrlfs js jb jstfgbjclkn jh jb KJCWJ[N 53/7164, kj ; kj mubln, pnr jb quj sj jstfgbjcj jb curràcubn kj bf Jkucfclóh Sjcuhkfrlf Ngbliftnrlf y jb Gfcelbbjrftn jh bf Cn`uhlkfk Futóhn`f kj Cfhfrlfs (GNC h.½ 634, kj 6: kj mubln). Bns cnhtjhlkns kj jstj tj`f kjsfpfrjcljrnh cnh bf fprngfclóh kj bf BN@CJ y fýh jstæ pnr kjsfrrnbbfr pfrf sfgjr sl jstfræ lhcbulkn n hn jh jb kj bf rjcljhtj`jhtj fprngfkf BN@BNJ. Slh j`gfrin, jb cnhncl`ljhtn kj bn quj slihldcfh bns `jklns kj `fsfs y có`n jstæh efh jvnbuclnhfkn jh bns ýb`ns föns cnh bf fpfrlclóh kj lhtjrhjt js uhkf`jhtfb pfrf jstfgbjcjr uhns cl`ljhtns pfrf jb kjsfrrnbbn kjb pjhsf`ljhtn cràcn kjb fbu`hfkn. Cujhtf Cujh tf,, fk fkj` j`æs æs,, cn cnh h bf pn pnsl slgl glblblkf kfk k kj qu qujj sj fg fgnr nrkj kj kj kjsk skjj uh pu puht htn n kj vlst vlstff tfhijhclfb tfhtn jh bns tj`fs kj ijnirff eu`fhf jh bns quj sj efgbf kjb sjctnr tjrclfrln (3½ kj bf JSN y 7½ kj Gfcelbbjrftn) cn`n kjskj bf pjrspjcvf elstórlcn -frscf y sus rf`ldcfclnhjs cnh jb suril`ljhtn kj bfs sncljkfk kj `fsfs (7½ kj Gfcelbbjrftn Gfcelbbjrft n Frtj, crltjrln5). Jb prl`jr jh fcuöf jb tìr`lhn `fss `jklf uj jb snclóbnin @c Buefh, `jklns kj cn`uhlcfclóh kj `fsfs quj efh ejcen pnslgbj bf jrf kj bf sl`ubtfhjlkfk, quj ef prnkuclkn jb dh kj bf rfi`jhtfclóh cubturfb y ef tjhlkn buifr bf cnhsnblkfclóh kj uhf hujvf sncljkfk trlgfb pbfhjtfrlf= bf fbkjf ibngfb. @jklns cn`n bf rfkln, jb clhj n bf tjbjvlslóh, surilkns jh jb slibn UU, lhuyjrnh kj `nkn kjclslvn jh bf crjfclóh kj `nkjbns kj cn`pnrtf`ljhtn snclfb, sngrj tnkn jh bn rjjrlkn f bf ijhjrfclóh kj nplhlóh, fb cnhsu`n y fb ncln. \f hn sj trftfgf sóbn kj nrjcjr uhf lhnr`fclóh jscujtf, slhn kj lhulr jh bf nplhlóh snclfb. F prlhclplns kj jstj slibn y trfs bf jcbnslóh kj Lhtjrhjt vjhàfh f su`frsj f bns `fss `jklf bns `jklns snclfbjs, pnpubfr`jhtj cnhnclkns cn`n rjkjs snclfbjs, quj efh fenhkfkn jh jsf cnhstrucclóh kj uhf fbkjf ibngfb y jh bf ijhjrfclóh kj nplhlóh fsnclfkf, jh jstj cfsn, fkj`æs, f ntrn pn kj cnhcjptns cn`n jb gli kftf pfrf bf kjtjcclóh kj pjrdbjs cnhcrjtns kj pjrsnhfs y fkjcufclóh kjb `jhsfmj. 7 BNS @JKLNS KJ CN@ZHLCFCLÓH 7.6. BF CN@ZHLCFC CN@ZHLCFCLÓH LÓH Bf cn`uhlcfclóh js bf fcclóh y jb jjctn kj cn`uhlcfr n cn`uhlcfrsj, uh prncjsn pnr jb cufb sj trfhs`ltjh `jhsfmjs jh kns klrjcclnhjs= jb j`lsnr, quj j`ltj uh `jhsfmj, quj js bf lhnr`fclóh prnplf`jhtj klcef y jstj bbjif fb rjcjptnr. Jb rjcjptnr rjspnhkj kj hujvn cnh uh `jhsfmj. Bf bbf`fkf cn`uhlcfclóh kj `fsfs cn`jhzó sljhkn uhlklrjcclnhfb, pujs sóbn bns quj bbf`f`ns `jklns, js kjclr, bf rfkln, bf tjbjvlslóh, jb clhj n bns pjrlóklcns crjfh `jhs `j hsfm fmjs js pf pfrf rf tjr` tjr`lh lhfr fr sljh sljhkn kn `u `ub bkl klrj rjcc ccln lnhf hfb, b, yf qu qujj bfs bfs tj tjch chnb nbni niàf àfss kj bf lhnr`fclóh y bf cn`uhlcfclóh efh ejcen pnslgbj quj jb rjcjptnr tf`glìh pfrclpj kj nr`f fcvf y pujkf rjspnhkjr j lhtjrfctufr.

 

Bf cn`uhlcfclóh ef slkn prl`nrklfb jh jb kjsfrrnbbn kj bf eu`fhlkfk. Cn`jhzó pnr bf cn`uhlcfclóh nrfb, bfs `æs sl`pbj pfrf cn`uhlcfrsj jhtrj pjrsnhfs y pfrf prnpfifr bf elstnrlf pfrf, `æs tfrkj, cnhvjrrsj jh jscrltf cn`n uhf nr`f kj sfbvfiufrkfr tnkf jsf trfklclóh quj sj efgàf crjfkn kj nr`f nrfb. Ntrf kj bfs nr`fs `æs fhiufs kj cn`uhl cn` uhlcf cfcló clóh h ef slk slkn n bf rjf rjfblz blzfkf fkf f trf trfvìs vìs kj l`æ l`æijh ijhjs js quj ef lkn fvf fvfhzf hzfhkn hkn cnhnr`j sj efh prnkuclkn kjscugrl`ljhtns tìchlcns kjskj bfs prl`jrfs plhturfs rupj rupjst strj rjss ef efst stff jb vàkj vàkjn n tr trjs js K n bf rjfb rjfblk lkfk fk vlrt vlrtuf ufbb kj jst jstjj slib slibn. n. Bf Bfss hu hujv jvfs fs `nkfblkfkjs kj cn`uhlcfclóh sj efh lkn kjsfrrnbbfhkn fb `ls`n j`pn quj bf sncljkfk lgf jvnbuclnhfhkn. Bns fvfhcjs tìchlcns kljrnh buifr f bf cn`uhlcfclóh pnr `jklns. Hn pnkj`ns nbvlkfrhns kj bf cn`uhlcfclóh ijstufb hn snbn pfrf fqujbbfs pj pjrs rsnh nhfs fs qu qujj j jhj hjh h pr prng ngbj bj`f `fss fu fukl klv vns ns slhn slhn pf pfrf rf lhtj lhtjrp rprj rjtf tfrr `u `uce cefs fs kj bfs bfs sltufclnhjs cnklfhfs. 7.3. BNS @JKLNS KJ CN@ZHLCFCLÓH SNCLFB Jb cnhcjptn `jklns kj cn`uhlcfclóh snclfb ef cf`glfkn jh bns ýb`ns föns. Bf fpfrlclóh kj bfs tjchnbniàfs kj bf lhnr`fclóh y bf cn`uhlcfclóh ([L ef ejcen quj pfsfrf pfs frfh h kj uh cnh cnhcj cjptn ptn uh uhlkl lklrjc rjccln clnhf hfbb f ntr ntrn n `ub `ubkl klrjc rjccln clnhfb hfb.. Bn Bnss `jk `jklns lns kj cn`uhlcfclóh snclfb hns fyukfh f rjbfclnhfrhns cnh jb `uhkn y efh cnhvjrkn bf sncljkfk jh uhf sncljkfk cn`pbjtf`jhtj ibngfb, slh rnhtjrfs. Qjsj f quj rjk snclfb js cufbquljr jhtrf`fkn rjbfclnhfb quj sj jstfgbjcj jh uh jhtnrhn jhtrj kljrjhtjs pjrsnhfs, y pjsj f quj hn js jb tìr`lhn jxfctn, f bn bfrin kj bf jxpnslclóh sj usfræ jstj tìr`lhn pfrf kjhn`lhfr bns `jklns kj cn`uhlcfclóh snclfb qujj ef qu efh h fp fpfr frjc jclk lkn n fb fb fbgu gurr kj kjbb kjsf kjsfrr rrnb nbbn bn kj lhtj lhtjrh rhjt jt y bfs bfs tj tjch chnb nbni niàf àfss kj bf lhnr`fclóh y bf cn`uhlcfclóh, y fsà kljrjhclfrbns kj bns trfklclnhfbjs. Bns `jklns kj cn`uhlcfclóh snclfb jhjh cn`n prlhclpfbjs cfrfctjràscfs= - Sj klrlijh f f`pblns irupns kj lhklvlkuns cfkf vjz `æs sji`jhtfkns. Sl jh uh lhlcln sj guscfgf uh `jhsfmj pfrf uh pýgblcn `jkln, eny jb kjsfrrnbbn kjb gli kftf efcj pnslgbj quj jsj `jhsfmj sj pjrsnhfblcj cfkf vjz `æs. -cubturf Jb pýgblcn fb quj sjeny klrlijh js ejtjrniìhjn y `ljhtrfs lhlcln kluhkàf uhf en`niìhjf, sj lkjhdcfh jsns irupns pfrf, jh uhfuh vjz `æs,sjpjrsnhfblzfr jb `jhsfmj y ijhjrfr cnrrljhtjs kj nplhlóh. - @ljhtrfs jh uh lhlcln bf rjbfclóh jhtrj `jklns y pýgblcn jrf l`pjrsnhfb, eny cfkf vjz jstæh `æs pjrsnhfblzfkns y pjr`ltjh lhtjrfcclnhjs cnh jb pýgblcn, fkj`æs kj su cnhncl`ljhtn jxefusvn jxefusvn f trfvìs kjb gli kftf y su fhæblsls. - Bf rjbfclóh jhtrj `jklns y pýgblcn js sl`ubtæhjf j lh`jklftf. - Bfs cn`uhlcfclnhjs kj `fsfs jxlijh nrifhlzfclnhjs cn`pbjmfs y tjchldcfkfs. Jb pfin kj jstfs lhvjrslnhjs jxlij quj bns `jklns sj rlmfh pnr bf bjy kj bf njrtf y bf kj`fhkf, kfhkn fb pýgblcn bn quj kjsjf y n`jhtfhkn jb cnhsu`n pfrf pnkjr `fhtjhjr jb `jkln.

 

Jh cufhtn f su hfturfbjzf, bf cn`uhlcfclóh kj `fsfs sj cfrfctjrlzf pnr sjr pýgblcf, ræplkf y trfhsltnrlf, js kjclr, quj jb `jhsfmj pljrkj fctufblkfk fb j`lrbn y trfs`lrbn. Jb gn`gfrkjn kj tj`fs y `jhsfmjs sj prnkucj f tfb vjbnclkfk jh bf fctufblkfk quj, jh bf `fynràf kj bns cfsns, jxlstj uhf l`pnslglblkfk rjfb kj jbjilr. Jb rlt`n fcjbjrfkn kj bfs hnclfs y bns `jhsfmjs, jh ijhjrfb, efcj quj qujkjh fhcufkfs kjskj jb lhstfhtj jh jb quj sj kfh f cnhncjr, y fb `ls`n j`pn pljrkjh l`pnrtfhclf fhtj bf prjsjhclf kj ntrns fcnhtjcl`ljhtns quj jstæh ncurrljhkn kj `fhjrf sl`ubtæhjf. F jbbn efy quj föfklr bf prnbljrfclóh kj hnclfs fbsfs n lhcljrtfs quj sj ef kjtjctfkn jh jb ýb`n bustrn. Qjsj f quj bf prjhsf jscrltf yf jxlsf, uj bf fpfrlclóh kj bf rfkln y bf tjbjvlslóh jhtrj bns föns 71 y 31, efstf cnhvjrrsj jh nr`fs kj cn`uhlcfclóh quj sj jxtjhkljrnh kj nr`f jxtrfnrklhfrlf jh `uy pncn j`pn y kljrnh buifr f quj sj j`pjzfrf f efgbfr kj `fss `jklf prnplf`jhtj klcens, y cuyf uhclóh jrf lhnr`fr, nr`fr y jhtrjtjhjr. Jb kjsfrrnbbn tjchnbóilcn uj jb quj bbjvó f bns enifrjs bfs prl`jrfs rfklns, jhtnrhn rjprnkuctnrjs kj `ýslcf y fpfrftns kj tjbjvlslóh jhtnrhn f bns föns 41. F cn`ljhzns kj bf kìcfkf kj bns ncejhtf fpfrjcljrnh bns prl`jrns vàkjns, quj pjr`lfh fb`fcjhfr hn sóbn jb snhlkn, slhn tf`glìh bf l`fijh. Jb sliuljhtj cf`gln sj prnkucj jh bns föns :1 cnh bf fpfrlclóh kjb nrkjhfknr, fuhquj hn sj ijhjrfblzf su usn efstf bns föns 51-