Tema 41 - Nacionalismo y liberalismo.doc

UD 41. NACIONALISMO Y LIBERALISMO EN LA EUROPA DEL SIGLO XIX. INTRODUCCIÓN. 1. EL LIBERALISMO. El liberalismo europeo continental después de 1815.

1.1. LOS ORÍGENES DEL LIBERALISMO DEL XIX. 1.2. SIGNIFICADOS DEL CONCEPTO LIBERALISMO. 1.3. TIPOLOGÍAS DEL LIBERALISMO. 2. EL NACIONALISMO. 2.1. LOS ORÍGENES DEL NACIONALISMO. 2.2. SIGNIFICADOS DEL CONCEPTO NACIONALISMO. 2.3. TIPOLOGÍA DE LOS NACIONALISMOS. Un nacionalismo liberal y revolucionario. Un nacionalismo conservador.

3. LAS REVOLUCIONES BURGUESAS DE 1820-1823 1830 Y 1848. 3.1. LAS REVOLUCIONES DE 1820-1823. La revolución de 1820 en España. Las repercusiones en Europa.

3.2. LA REVOLUCIÓN DE 1830. La revolución de 1830 en Francia. Las repercusiones en Europa.

3.3. LA REVOLUCIÓN DE 1848. La revolución de 188 en Francia.

4. EL LIBERALISMO TRIUNFANTE. El triun!o del liberalismo en Europa en la se"unda mitad del s# $%$ . El modelo brit&nico.

!. LOS NACIONALISMOS DE LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX. !.1. LA UNIDAD ALEMANA. El despertar del nacionalismo alem&n.

Los primeros intentos de unidad . Las "uerras de uni!icación. La 'lemania de (ismarc) .

!.2. LA UNIDAD ITALIANA. La situación de la pen*nsula italiana en la primera mitad del s# $%$. El proceso de !ormación del reino de %talia.

!.3. LOS NACIONALISMOS EN EUROPA ORIENTAL. +olonia. Las nacionalidades del %mperio 'ustro,-n"aro.

LOS PAÍSES BALC"NICOS. AP#NDI AP#NDICE$ CE$ NACION NACIONALI ALISMO SMO EN LOS PAÍS PAÍSES ES BALC"NI BALC"NICO COS S EN EL S. XIX. INTRODUCCIÓN. E%&' UD %( )*+)(+&,' (+ ' (*/)+ *&)' (5'+* ',' *&,' UD *% '',&'*% ( (+%'6(+&* *&)* 7 ()*+6)* ,(')*+'*% )*+ ( +')*+'%6* 7 ( (,'%6*. Un resumen.

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/($ T**% *% /( >''+ /+ 6%6* *6'

>'+%( /+*% (+&,( % (%( ( ,+)* *, /+ )6/* ( '@*% +%(% *,/(  /((+ )*6,(+(,%( /+*% ' *&,*% 7 %( )*6,(+(,+ )'' (@ )*+ 6'7*, )',' =*,6'+* +'&/,'6(+&( /+ &** >*6*9:+(*JJ. 2.3. TIPOLOGÍA DE LOS NACIONALISMOS. Un nacionalismo liberal y revolucionario.

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Un nacionalismo conservador.

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M'' ( ' R(*/)+ ( 1820-1823. La revolución de 1820 en España.

E+ 1820 )*6(+@' (+ E%'' /+ ,*)(%* ,(*/)*+',* ( T,(+* L(,' /( 6&' ( *(, '%*/&* ( ,(7 F(,+'+* VII 7 ,*6/(( 6*,&'+&(% ,(=*,6'% (,'(% (+ ' ,*(' '9,','% 7 ' (9%')+ ). L' C*+%&&/)+ ( C@ ( 1812 (% ,*6/9''.

Las repercusiones en Europa.

E 6')&* ( ' ,(*/)+ (%'*' (9' ,*+&* ' I&'' *+( &,/+=' /+' ,(*/)+ (,' (+ ( ,(+* ( '% D*% S)'% /( '*&' )*6* )*+%&&/)+ ' (%'*'K ' P*,&/9' 7 ' *&,*% /9',(%. F+'6(+&( (%&' *('' ,(*/)*+',' ,**)' ' ,('))+ ( ' S'+&' A'+@' /( +&(,(+( 6&',6(+&( (+ &**% (%&*% '%(% >')' 1823 ',' ,(%&'()(, ( *,(+ &,')*+'. 3.2. LA REVOLUCIÓN DE 1830. La revolución de 1830 en Francia.

L' R(%&'/,')+ ( *% B*,*+(% (+ 1814 (=+&' (+ 181! %//%* ( ,(9,(%* ( ,(7 L/% XVIII /( ,*6/9 ' C',&' C*+%&&/)*+' ;'6'' C',&' *&*,9''(,6'+* C',*% X /(+ ,(&(+ *(, ' A+&9/* R:96(+. E+ 5/* ( 1830 (+ 6(* ( /+' ),%% ()*+6)' %* ' C6',' ( /&'*% 7 ,(&, ' (,&' ( ,(+%'. E+&*+)(% %( ,*/5* /+ 6*6(+&* */', (+ P',% ,9* *, *% (,'(% (+ (=(+%' ( '% (,&'(%. L' ,(*/)+ (+ &,(% '% )*+%9/ /( C',*% X ''+*+',' ' )*,*+' /( =/( (+&,(9'' ' %/ ',(+&( ( (,' L/% F(( ( O,('+%.

M'' ( ' R(*/)+ ( 1830. Las repercusiones en Europa.

L'% ,((,)/%*+(% =/(,*+ +6('&'% (+ %&+&*% /9',(% ( E/,*' )*+ ('+&'6(+&*% (,'(% 7 +')*+'%&'%. E ('+&'6(+&* (+ B:9)' ( *% (9'% ;)'&)*% 7 (,'(%< )*+&,' ' 6*+',/' >*'+(%' ;)'+%&' 7 '%*/&%&'< &,/+= (+ '9*%&* ( 1830 )*+ ( '*7* ( F,'+)' 7 ( ,()*+*)6(+&* ( G,'+ B,(&'' ),(+*%( ( ,(+* ( B:9)'. E ('+&'6(+&* ( *% *')*% )*+&,' R/%' =/( /,'6(+&( ,(,6* (* ' ' ='&' ( '7/' (?&(,*,. L* 6%6* *)/,, )*+ *% 6*6(+&*% (,'(% /( (%&'',*+ (+ '9/+*% E%&'*% &''+*% =+'6(+&( %*=*)'*% *, *% '/%&,')*%. E+ E%'' 7 P*,&/9' ' +=/(+)' ( ' +/(' %&/')+ ( *)* (%/:% ' (%&'()6(+&* ( 6*+',/'% (,'(%. L*% (,'(% /( *6+',*+ (+ (%&*% '%(% ( E/,*' O))(+&' (+ ( (,** 1830-48 (+ 9(+(,' (,'+ (,'(% 6*(,'*% /( )*+&''+ )*+ ( '*7* ( ' 9,'+  /,9/(%' /( &(6' '% (6'+'% ()*+6)'% ( '% )'%(% &,''5'*,'%. P*, (* %*

)*+)((,*+ ( (,()>* ' *&* ' '% (,%*+'% /( 9*@''+ ( )(,&' *%)+. D(%( (  *(, (%&' /,9/(%' )*+&,/7 ' ),(', +/%&,'% 7 ' )*+%&,/, +('% =:,,('% * /( %9+=) ' ,*'9')+ ( ' R(*/)+ I+/%&,'. 3.3. LA REVOLUCIÓN DE 1848. E%&' ,(*/)+ =/( 6/)>* 6% +&(+%' 7 (?&(+%' /( ' ( 1830 *, *% ,'@*+(%$ - L' ,')'@')+ ( '% ('% (,'(%. F,(+&( ' ' '&' /,9/(%' (,' 6*(,'' ' (/(' /,9/(%' 7 '% 9(+&(% >/6(% ( '% )/'(% (%(''+  ',&)', (+ ' ' *&)' 7 )*+%(9/, 6(5*,(% )*+)*+(% ( &,''5*. E% ' (6*),')' ;/+ 6*6(+&* ,')' (+ ' :*)'* ' *&* ( &**% *% )/''+*%. - L' ),%% ()*+6)'. A ',&, ( 184! /+*% '*% ( 6''% )*%()>'% (+ E/,*'  ,**)',*+ >'6,( )',(%&' ( '6(+&*% 7 )(,,( ( &'(,(%. L*% 6% (,5/)'*% =/(,*+ *% *,(,*% 7 '% 9(+&(% *,(% ( '% )/'(%. E (%)*+&(+&* 9(+(,' =/( ',*()>'* *, *% (,'(% (6),'&'% ',' 6/%', 6*6(+&*% ,(*/)*+',*% (+ %&+&*% /9',(% ( E/,*'.

M'' ( ' R(*/)+ ( 1848. La revolución de 188 en Francia.

C*6* (+ 1830 ' ,(*/)+ (6(@ (+ P',%. E+ =(,(,* ( 1848 ' %/(')+ ( ' )/' *9 ' ,(7 L/% F(( ' ''+*+', ( &,*+*. S( ,*)'6 (+&*+)(% ' II R()' )*+ /+ 9*(,+* ( (,'(% 7 (6),'&'% (+ ( /( >'' +)/%* '9/+*% %*)'%&'%. U+' ( '% ,6(,'% ()%*+(% ( +/(* 9*(,+* =/( '  ,*)'6')+ ( %/=,'9* /+(,%' ' (,&' ( ,(+%' 7 ( ,(/++ 7 ' '*)+ ( ' (%)'&/ (+ '% )**+'%. F/( *&'' /+' C*+%&&/)+ /( (+ * *&)* %( '%'' (+ *% *(,(%$ /+' A%'6(' (9%'&' 7 /+ P,(%(+&( ( ' R()' /( (' %(, ((9* )'' )/'&,* '*%. P',' **+(, ' *% %*)'%&'% ( ',&* )*+%(,'*, /( (%('' ' ,(%&'/,')+ ( ' 6*+',/' (9 /+ )'6+* +&(,6(*$ '*&', )*6* )'+'&* ' ,+)( L/%  N'*(+ B*+'',&( %*,+* ( N'*(+ /(+ ,(%/& ((9* ,(%(+&(. Las repercusiones en Europa.

A )*+%()/(+)' ( &,/+=* ( ' ,(*/)+ (+ F,'+)' (+ 6',@* (%&' /+' %/(')+ (+ V(+' * /( ,**) /+ '6* 6*6(+&* ,(*/)*+',* 7

+')*+'%&' (+ &** ( I6(,* ( A/%&,'$ 6(+&,'% *% '/%&,')*% (?9'+ (,&'(% *% )>()*% *% &''+*% 7 >+9',*% ,()'6''+ &'6:+ ' +((+(+)'. S( ,*/)' /+' 7/?&'*%)+ ( (,'%6* 7 +')*+'%6*. E+ *% 6(%(% %9/(+&(% (%&'',*+ %/(')*+(% %6',(% (+ P,/%' 7 *&,*% E%&'*% '(6'+(% 7 (+ M+ 7 V(+()' %(  ,*/5* /+ ('+&'6(+&* )*+&,' ( *6+* '/%&,')* )*+ ( '*7* ( ,(7 ( P'6*+&( /( )*+)( /+' C*+%&&/)+ ' %/ ,(+*. P(,* ( 6*6(+&* ,(*/)*+',* (/,*(* &(,6+ (+ /+ 9,'+ =,')'%* /(% ' +*(@' *% 6&',(% 7 ' '&' /,9/(%' '7/',*+ ' *% ,(7(% ',' (&', /( *% (,'(% 6% (?'&'*% &*6','+ ( *(,. E (6(,'*, ( A/%&,' )*+ ( '*7* ,/%* )*+%9/ *6+', ' %&/')+ (+ &*'% ',&(%. E+ F,'+)' =+'6(+&( *% /,9/(%(% ,)*% '7/',*+ ' ,(%(+&( L/% N'*(+ ' ', /+ 9*( ( E%&'* ;18!2&( )*+ %/%  Discursos a la nación alemana  ;180H-1808< (?'& ( (%,&/ +')*+'. E &,/+=* =+' (+ 1814 '/9/,'' /+' +/(' (&'' >%&,)'. A(6'+' (,6'+() ' (%/:% ( C*+9,(%* ( V(+' ;181!(+@*(,+. E%&*% *% E%&'*% (,'+ 6/7 =(,(+&(%. P,/%' '/,' ' R(+'+' * /( ' )*+(,&' (+ /+' *&(+)' +/%&,'. A/%&,' (,' /+ )*6(5* )*+9*6(,'* ( +')*+''(%. L' /+' (+&,( '6'% (,' 6*%(. Los primeros intentos de unidad .

E %(+&6(+&* +')*+'%&' ( ' :*)' +'*(+)' (,%%& ( +%, '% %*)('(% %(),(&'% ( *% '*% 1820 7 *% 6*6(+&*% ,(*/)*+',*% ( 1830 7 1848 (,* *% ,(%/&'*% =/(,*+ (%)'%*% 7 ')'',*+ (+ /+' /,' ,(,(%+. E+ 1818-1834 %( (%',,* /+' U++ '/'+(,' ; Zollverein< ',((*, ( P,/%' '6'' (%( 1834 ' )'% &**% *% E%&'*% '(6'+(% ( %/, * /( =')& ( )*6(,)* 7 ' ,*/))+ 7 '%(+& '% '%(% ( ' /++ *&)' ' ',9* '@*. E+ 1848 ( P','6(+&* ( F,'+=/,& '+&( ' /+=)')+ *=,()(+* ' ,(7 ( P,/%' ' )*,*+' 6(,' (,* ' ,(%+ ( A/%&,' * 6. A/+/( ' ,(*/)+ ( 1848 =,')'% (5 6/7 * ( %(+&6(+&* +')*+'%&' 7 ( )*+(+)6(+&* ( '  /,9/(%' ( /( ( ,*9,(%* (%&'' (+ '% (,&'(% *&)'% 7 (+ ' /+=)')+ &(,,&*,' /( %9+=)'' ' '6')+ ( 6(,)'*%. P(,* %/ =,')'%* %//%* /( ' /+' +* ' >)(,'+ *% (,'(% %+* *% )*+%(,'*,(% ,/%'+*% * /( 6',) ( )',)&(, ( +/(* E%&'* '(6+ (6'%'* 6&',%&'. E+ (%&( %(+&* I9+')* S*&(* 11 (?)' ' )/(%&+ '(6'+' ;( ,*(6' ( %/ /+=)')+ 7 %+ %/ 6)')+ (+ *% 9/(,,'% 6/+'(%' 6*&'* /( %( >'7' (,6&* %/ ,(/+=)')+ (+ 18. Las "uerras de uni!icación.

M'' ( '% &,(% 9/(,,'% ( /+=)')+ ( A(6'+'. B%6',) ,6(, 6+%&,* ;182-0< ( ,(7 G/(,6* I ( P,/%' ;181-88(%Q9 7 *%&(+ *, ',&( ( P,/%' 7 A/%&,'. 2< C*+&,' A/%&,' ;18* 6(5*,  ',6'* 7 *,9'+@'* )*+ 6% =(,,*)',,(% ',' %/ ,* &,'+%*,&(. L' +'%+  (,6& '+/', ' (5:,)&* =,'+):% (+ S(+ 7 &*6', ,%*+(,* ' N'*(+ III. S(  ,*)'6 ' R()' (+ F,'+)' 6(+&,'% '% &,*'% '(6'+'% (9''+ ' '% /(,&'% ( P',% /( ')' ,+:+*%(. P,/%' %( '+(?*+ A%')' 7 ',&( ( L*,(+' ),('+* /+ '9,'* /( ='*,()(,' ' I G/(,,' M/+'. L' )&*,' >@* /( *% E%&'*% ( S/,  ()(,'+ %/ /++$ (+ (+(,* ( 18H1 G/(,6* I ( P,/%' =/( ,*)'6'* (6(,'*,  ( A(6'+' (+ ' S'' ( E%(5*% ( V(,%'(%. La 'lemania de (ismarc) .

B%6',) =/( ( )'+)(, ( A(6'+' 7 ,9 )*+ 6'+* 6'(%&,' %/ (%',,**  *&)* ()*+6)* ;%*,( &** +/%&,'< 7 6&', 5/+&* ' /+ %%&(6' ( ''+@'% /( '%(9/,',*+ %/ >(9(6*+' (/,*(' 7 ( '%'6(+&* ( F,'+)'. E ),()6(+&* (6*9,=)* 7 ()*+6)* ( A(6'+' =/( (?&,'*,+',*$ ' =+'(% ( %. XIX &(+' 0 6*+(% ( >'&'+&(% 7 (,' ' %(9/+' *&(+)' ()*+6)' (/,*(' ' 9,'+ ,' ( G,'+ B,(&'' (+ *% 6(,)'*% +&(,+')*+'(% 7 )*+ /+ +')(+&( 6(,* )**+'. L'  /,9/(%' ( '*7'' (+ %/ +')*+'%6*. E+ ( +&(,*, B%6',) '=,*+& *% (+(69*%$ ( )'&*)%6* ;,6(,* ' ,(,(%+ ( '  Kulturkampf   7 /(9* ' &,'+%9(+)'< 7 ( %*)'%6* ;)*+ /+' ''+@'' (9%')+ %*)''%$ - 18!. E P'6*+&( ()',' ' 9/(,,' ' A/%&,' )*+&'+* )*+ ' '7/' =,'+)(%'  /(% ' N'*(+ ( +&(,(%'' '',()(, (+ ' *&)' (/,*(' )*6* (=(+%*, ( *% +')*+'%6*%. D(%/:% ( '% )&*,'% ( M'9(+&' 7 S*=(,+* %( )*+%9/ ' (,')+ ( L*6',' '/+/( S'*7' 7 N@' ;( *')+ =,'+)(%'< =/(,*+ (+&,(9''% ' F,'+)' *, ' '7/' ,(%&''. - 180. E &,/+=* )*+&,' A/%&,' ,*6* /+ 6*6(+&* +')*+'%&' 7  '&,&)*. S( ,('@',*+ (%)&*% (+ P',6' M(+' 7 T*%)'+' '(6% ( (+ '% M',)'% *+&=)'% ;R*6'' U6,'')' R*6'. - 18. I&'' +&(,+* 5/+&* ' P,/%' (+ /+' 9/(,,' )*+&,' A/%&,'. A (%', ( '% (,,*&'% &''+'% ' 6(')+ ( N'*(+ III >@* /( A/%&,' )((,' V(+()' ' I&''. - 18H0. L'% &,*'% &''+'% (+&,',*+ (+ R*6' ''+*+'' *, *% =,'+)(%(% &,'% ' )'' ( N'*(+ III. L' /+=)')+ %( >'' )*6(&'* 7 R*6' '% ' %(, )'&' ( ,(+*. E )*+=)&* )*+ ( P''* +* /( ,(%/(&* >'%&' *% ')/(,*% ( L(&,+ ( 12 /( ,()*+*)(,*+ ' +((+(+)' ( V'&)'+* 7 ' /+' ( I&''. S( >'' *9,'* ' /+' *&)' '5* /+' 6*+',/' )*+%&&/)*+' )*+ /+ ,:96(+ ( (,&'(% *&)'% 7 ()*+6)'% ( I&'' %( )*+,& (+ /+' *&(+)' (/,*(' )*+ /+ 9,'+ (%',,** (6*9,=)* (,* %( 6'+&/(,*+ '% =(,(+)'% (+&,( ( N*,&( +/%&,' 7 ( S/, '9,)*'. !.3. NACIONALISMOS EN EUROPA ORIENTAL. +olonia.

D*6+'' 7 ' *, P,/%' A/%&,' 7 R/%' )*+%(, (+ ' ',&( ,/%' /+ 9*(,+* ,** 7 %/ (,%*+'' '/&+*6' >'%&' ' ,(*/)+ ( 1830-31 ;,((&' (+ 183-4*%. T,'% %9*% ( *6+* &/,)* (+ **%)+ ' A/%&,' ;/( *6+'' (+ ( +*,&( /+9,' T,'+%'+' E%*(+' C,*')' 7 D'6')'< '% ,(*/)*+(% +')*+'%&'% ( ' ,6(,' 6&' ( %. XIX (',*+ ' ' +((+(+)' ( G,()' ;182< 7 S(,' ;1830 )*+ %*(,'+' ',)'* 6(+*,(% /( *% ')&/'(% 7 ' '',)+ ( *(,*%'% =/(,@'% +')*+'%&'% 7 %(','&%&'% (+ ( ,(%&* ( *% '%(% (%'*% ( *% B')'+(% /( %( (?,(%',*+ )*+%&&/)*+'6(+&( (+ =*,6' ( 6*+',/'% )*+%(,'*,'% ;' 6(+/* )*+ ,(7(% (?&,'+5(,*% %+ /+' (9&6')+ >%&,)' * /(  ,**) %/ ('. L/unité italienne. PUF. P',%. 1H2.  . *%'Q6 E,) .  Las revoluciones 'urguesas. G/'',,'6'. M',. 180. !H2  . *%'Q6 E. .  La era del capitalismo. L'*,. B',)(*+'. 18. 2! . *>+ '+%.  El nacionalismo0 1u significado , su historia . P'%. B/(+*% A,(%. 1. 2! . *>+ . 2istoria del nacionalismo. FCE. M:?)*. 184. 31 . M(, D' ;,.%&,)'% 7 C'6* (+ ( T(6*. B*/( !. C'6* (+ ( &(6*. N)(* 3. C'6* %*)' 7 ,(*/)+ (+ ' :*)' )*+ &(6 *, +('. - L' ),%% ( A+&9/* R:96(+ 7 '% ,(*/)*+(% (,'(% /,9/(%'%. - R(*/)+ +/%&,' (%',,** )'&'%&' ( 6(,'%6*. L' UD %( (( %()/(+)', (+ B')>(,'&* (%/:% ( ' R(*/)+ =,'+)(%' 7 ( (,** +'*(+)* 7 (+ ,(')+ )*+ ' R(*/)+ I+/%&,' ' =+ ( %&/', ( &(6' (+ %/ )*+&(?&* >%&,)* 7 ()*+6)*-%*)'. E+ * (*9)* (%& ,()&'6(+&( ,(')*+'' )*+ ' UD ( (+%'6(+&* *&)* 7 ()*+6)* (+ ( %. XIX *, * /( %( (5' ',' :%&( *% '%()&*% ( &(*,' *&)' 7 ()*+6)'. RELACIÓN CON TEMAS TRANSVERSALES. R(')+ )*+ ( &(6' ( ' E/)')+ ',' ' P'@ 7 ( E/)')+ M*,' 7 C)'. TEMPORALIACIÓN. C/'&,* %(%*+(% ( /+' >*,'. 1 7 2 E?*%)+ ( ,*=(%*, )*+ )/(%&*+(% ' =+' ( )'' )'%(. 3 E?*%)+ ( ,*=(%*, ( ,(=/(,@* 7 ,('%*K 6% (%/(6'% 6''% 7 )*6(+&',*% ( &(?&*%. 4 C*6(+&',*% ( &(?&*%K ('&( 7 %+&(%%. OBETIVOS. D(=+, *% )*+)(&*% =/+'6(+&'(%$ +')*+'%6* (,'%6* %*(,'+' +')*+' ,(*/)+ (,'...

S+&(&@', '% (**9'% ( +')*+'%6* 7 ( (,'%6* (+ ( %. XIX. R(%/6, ( ,*)(%* >%&,)* ( '% &,(% ='%(% ,(*/)*+','% (+ ( (,** 18201848. C*6,(+(, ( ,*)(%* ( /+' ( *% E%&'*% ( A(6'+' ( I&''. V'*,', ' 6*,&'+)' ( *% E%&'*% (+ ' +/(' E/,*' )*+&(6*,+('. R()*+*)(, (+ 6''% >%&,)*% ' (*/)+ ( '% =,*+&(,'% (/,*('% (+ ( %. XIX. CONTENIDOS. A< CONCEPTUALES. - E +')*+'%6*. - E (,'%6*. - L'% ,(*/)*+(% (,'(% ( 1820-1823 1830 7 1848. - L' /+=)')+ ( A(6'+' ( I&''. - L*% +')*+'%6*% (+ A/%&,'-/+9,' 7 *% B')'+(%. B< PROCEDIMENTALES. T,'&'6(+&* ( ' +=*,6')+$ /%* ( 6'+/'(% ,('@')+ ( (%/(6'% ( &(6' '+%% ( 6''% >%&,)*%. E?)')+ 6/&)'/%' ( *% >()>*% >%&,)*%$ (+ )*6(+&',* ( &(?&*% %*,( ' ,(')+ (+&,( ' *&)' ' ()*+*6' ' )/&/,' 7 '% (**9'%. I+'9')+ ( +(%&9')+$ ,()*9' 7 '+%% ( '&*% (+ (+))*('% 6'+/'(% 6*+*9,'='% ',&)/*%... C< ACTITUDINALES. R9*, ),&)* 7 )/,*%' )(+&=)' )*+ /+' ')&&/ ),&)' '+&( *% &(?&*% ( 6** /( ( '/6+* (%',,*( /+' *++ ,*' 7 %9+=)'&'. T*(,'+)' 7 %*','. I+&(,:% *, ( '%'* )*+&(6*,+(* /( 6',) ( 6'' ( ' E/,*' ')&/'. METODOLOGÍA. M(&***9' (?*%&' 7 ',&)'&' ')&'. MOTIVACIÓN. L()&/,' ( /+ &(?&* %*,( ' ,(*/)+ ( 1848 (+ P',% 7 )*6(+&',* (+ 1 )'%( ( 6** /( %,' ( ('/')+ +)' %*,( *% )*+*)6(+&*% 7 *+*+(% ( *% '/6+*%. ACTIVIDADES. A< CON EL GRAN GRUPO.

E?*%)+ *, ( ,*=(%*, ( &(6'. B< EN EUIPOS DE TRABAO. R('@')+ ( /+' +(' ( &(6* %*,( ( ,*)(%*. R('@')+ ( '/+&(% %*,( ( &(6' )*+ (%/(6'% ( *% ,+)'(% /+&*%. C*6(+&',*% ( &(?&*% %*,( ( +')*+'%6* 7 ( (,'%6* '% ,(*/)*+(% ( 1830 7 1848 7 ' /+=)')+ ( A(6'+' ( I&''. U+ ('&( ( 9,/* )*+ %+&(%% %*,( ' (,(+)' ( *% '*,(% ( +')*+'%6* 7 (,'%6* (+ ' E/,*' ')&/'. C< INDIVIDUALES. R('@')+ ( '/+&(% (%/(6&)*% %*,( ' UD. P',&)')+ (+ '% ')&'(% 9,/'(%. B%/(' +/' ( '&*% (+ ' *9,'=' (+ ((,(% =/(,' ( )'%(. C*+&(%&', )/(%&*+(% (+ )/'(,+* ( &,''5* )*+ *9* ,(* (+ 9,/*. RECURSOS. P,(%(+&')+ 9&' ;* &,'+%',(+)'% '*%&'% 7 6''%', (%()' >+)': (+ /( %( )*6,(+' ' ,(')+ (+&,( *% ,*)(%*% ( +')*+'%6* 7 (,'%6* (+ E/,*' 7 *% )*+)(&*%. E?'6(+ +)/* (+ ( ( *&,'% UD )*+ ,((% )/(%&*+(% 7 /+ )*6(+&',* ( &(?&* %*,( /+' ,(*/)+. RECUPERACIÓN. E+&,(%&' )*+ *% '/6+*% )*+ +'()/'* ,*9,(%*. R('@')+ ( ')&'(% ( ,(=/(,@*$ (%/(6'% )*6(+&',* ( &(?&*%... E?'6(+ ( ,()/(,')+ ;5/+&* ' '% *&,'% UD (+ 1824'' *9,'* %/ +((+(+)' (+ 182 (,* /,'+&( &** ( %9* %( 6'+&/* ' G,'+ I('$ ' ,(%&'/,')+ ( I6(,* B@'+&+* )*+ )'&' (+ C*+%&'+&+*' 7 '5* ( *6+* 9,(9* /+ (' (?'+%*+%&' /( (,/,',' >'%&' 123. E+ ' %(9/+' 6&' ( %9* XIX ,(+ *,9( I ;183-113< 7 G,()' '6 %/% &(,,&*,*% (+ 183 ;%'% +)'%< 7 1881 ;%/, ( T(%'' 7 ( E,*'' /)>'* )*+ :?&* )*+&,' *% &/,)*% (%( ( %. XVII. S/ +((+(+)' =/( ,()*+*)' (+ ( C*+9,(%* ( B(,+ ;18H8