Telugu Cinema History

Telugu Cinema The History

Contents 1

2

Telugu cinema

1

1.1

History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

1.1.1

Early development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

1.1.2

Rise of the “talkie” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

1.2

Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

1.3

Commercial stance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

1.4

Critical reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4

1.5

Cast and crew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

1.6

Film Score . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

1.7

Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

1.8

Guinness records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

1.9

Dubbed films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

1.10 State awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

1.11 Regional awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

1.12 Studios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

1.13 See also . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

1.14 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Nandi Awards

12

2.1

History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

2.2

Honorary Awards - Gold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

2.3

Gold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

2.4

Silver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

2.5

Copper - since 1977 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

2.6

Copper - since 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

2.7

Most awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

2.8

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

2.9

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

2.9.1

Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

2.9.2

Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

2.9.3

Content license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

i

Chapter 1

Telugu cinema second in India, in terms of films produced yearly.[25] The industry holds a memorandum of understanding with Motion Picture Association of America to combat video piracy.[26][27][28] Contemporary films like Dookudu (2011), and Eega (2012) have each grossed more than ₹ 100 crore (approximately 15.7 Million US Dollars) at the worldwide box office.[29][30][31] upcoming film Baahubali, touted to be the most expensive Indian film,[32][33] was featured in BBC's documentary on 100 Years of Indian cinema directed by Sanjeev Bhaskar.[34][35][36][37][38] 2015 epic film Rudhramadevi is the first Indian 3D [39][40] In 1933, East India Film Company produced its first historical film. Indian film, Savitri, in Telugu. Shot in Calcutta on a budget of ₹ 75 thousand, and based on a popular stage play by Mylavaram Bala Bharathi Samajam, the 1.1 History film was directed by father of Telugu Theater Movement Chittajallu Pullaiah and cast stage actors Vemuri Gaggaiah and Dasari Ramathilakam as “Yama” and “Savithri” 1.1.1 Early development respectively.[8] The blockbuster film has received an honThe Telugu film industry was originated with silent orary diploma at Venice Film Festival.[9] films in 1912, with the production and release of The 1951 film Patala Bhairavi was the first South Bhisma Pratighna in 1921 [42] The film was directed by Indian film, premiering at the first India Interna- Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu and his son R. S. Prakash.[43] tional Film Festival,[10][11] held in Mumbai on 24 Jan- On the other hand, Yaragudipati Varada Rao and, R. S. uary 1952.[12][13][14] CNN-IBN listed Patala Bhairavi Prakash Rao have established a long-lasting precedent (1951), Malliswari (1951), Devadasu (1953), Mayabazar of focusing exclusively on religious themes; Nandanar, (1957), Nartanasala (1963), Maro Charithra (1978), Gajendra Moksham, and Matsyavatar, three of their most Maa Bhoomi (1979), Sankarabharanam (1979), Sagara noted productions, centred on religious figures, parables, Sangamam (1983), and Siva (1989), among The 100 and morals.[44] In 1935, Andhra Cine Tone was built in Greatest Indian Films of All Time.[15] Visakhapatnam by Gottumukkala Jagannadha Raju. He T. Subbarami Reddy has produced Bhagavad Gita in introduced digital theater sound with the 1933 film Ja[45] Sanskrit and Telugu which received the National Film gadamba. [16][17] Award for Best Feature Film in 1993. The first film studio in South India, Durga Cinetone was built in 1936 by Nidamarthi Surayya in Rajahmundry, Andhra 1.1.2 Rise of the “talkie” Pradesh.[18] In the years 2005, 2006 and 2008 the industry has produced the largest number of films The first Telugu film with audible dialogue, Bhakta in India exceeding the number of films produced in Prahlada, was produced by H.M. Reddy, who directed Bollywood.[19][20] The industry holds the Guinness World the first South Indian talkie Kalidas (1931). Bhakta Record for the largest film production facility in the Prahlada was completed on 15 September 1931, which world.[21] The Prasads IMAX located in Hyderabad is one hence forth became known as “Telugu Film Day” to comof the largest 3D IMAX screen, and the most attended memorate its completion;[49] however, the film had a thecinema screen in the world.[22][23][24] atrical release on 6 February 1932.[50][51][52] Popularly As per the CBFC report of 2012, the industry is placed known as talkies, films with sound quickly grew in number and popularity. In 1934, the industry saw its first maTelugu cinema, also known by its sobriquet Tollywood, is a part of Indian cinema producing films in the Telugu language, and is centered in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, particularly in the Hyderabad neighbourhood of Film Nagar.[4] Since 1909, filmmaker Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu was involved in many aspects of Indian cinemas history like producing short films, travelling to different regions in Asia to promote film work. In 1921, he produced the first silent film Bhishma Pratigna. He is cited as the father of Telugu cinema.[5][6][7]

1

2

CHAPTER 1. TELUGU CINEMA in lead roles, the film attracted unprecedented numbers of viewers to theatres and thrust the young industry into mainstream culture.[53] By 1936, the mass appeal of film allowed directors to move away from religious and mythological themes.[53] That year, under the direction of Krithiventi Nageswara Rao, Prema Vijayam, a film focusing on social issues, was released. Its success prompted the production of dozens of other immensely successful 'social films’, notably 1939’s Vandemataram, touching on societal problems like the practice of giving dowry, Telugu films increasingly focused on contemporary living: 29 of the 96 films released between 1937 and 1947 had social themes.[54] In 1938, Gudavalli Ramabrahmam, has co-produced and directed the social problem film, Mala Pilla which dealt with the crusade against untouchability, prevailing in preindependent India. [55][56] In 1939, He directed Raithu Bidda, starring thespian Bellary Raghava. The film was banned by the British administration in the region, for depicting the uprise of the peasantry among the Zamindar's during the British raj.[57][58]

1940 film, Vishwa Mohini, is the first Indian film, depicting the Indian movie world. The film was directed by Y. V. Rao and scripted by Balijepalli Lakshmikanta Kavi, starring Chittor V. Nagaiah in the lead role.[59][60] 1951 film Malliswari is the first Telugu film, to be Promotional poster of Bhakta Prahlada the first full length Tel- screened at International film festivals like Asia Pacific ugu talkie produced and directed by H. M. Reddy to have a the- Film Festival. The film had a public release with thiratrical release.[41] teen prints along with Chinese subtitles at Beijing on 14, March 1953, and a 16 mm film print was also screened in the United States.[10][61] The film was directed by Bommireddy Narasimha Reddy, the first person to receive the Dada Saheb Phalke Award from South Indian film industry. He was the first Indian film personality, to receive Padmabhushan in 1974, and the Doctor of Letters honour.[61] The outbreak of World War II and the subsequent resource scarcity caused the British Raj to impose a limit on the use of filmstrip in 1943 to 11,000 feet,[62] a sharp reduction from the 20,000 feet that had been common till then.[63] As a result, the number of films produced during the war was substantially lower than in previous years. Nonetheless, before the ban, an important shift occurred in the industry: Independent studios formed, actors and actresses were signed to contracts limiting whom they could work for, and films moved from social themes to folklore legends.[64] Ghantasala Balaramayya, has directed the mythological Seetarama Jananam under Vuppaladadiyam Nagayya, first multilingual film actor, singer, his home production, Prathiba Picture, marking veteran music composer, producer and director in South India to be hon- Akkineni Nageswara Rao's Telugu film acting debut in oured with the Padma Shri.[46] He is known as the Paul Muni of 1944.[65] India, and the first Telugu film star.[47][48]

jor commercial success with Lavakusa. Directed by C. Pullaiah and starring Parupalli Subbarao and Sriranjani

1.3. COMMERCIAL STANCE

3 Annapurna International School of Film and Media are some of the largest film schools in India.[73][74] The Telugu states consist of approximately 2800 theaters, the largest number of cinema halls of any state in India.[75] The Nandi Awards is the most prestigious award ceremony for excellence in the production of Telugu Film, Theatre and Television. It is presented annually at Lalitha Kala Thoranam in Hyderabad, India,[76] by the Film, Television and Theatre Development Corporation of the Telugu state(s).[77] “Nandi” means “bull”, the awards being named after the big granite bull at Lepakshi — a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu culture.

1.3 Commercial stance

Thespian Akkineni Nageswara Rao founded Annapurna Studios in 1970.

1.2 Industry Moola Narayana Swamy and B. N. Reddy founded Vijaya Vauhini Studios in 1948 in the city of Chennai.[66] Indian film doyen L. V. Prasad, who started his film career with Bhakta Prahlada, founded Prasad Studios in 1956 based in Chennai.[67] However, through the efforts of D. V. S. Raju, the Telugu film industry completely shifted its base from Chennai to Hyderabad, India in the early 1990s, during N. T. Rama Rao's political reign.[68]

Hyderabad International Convention Center has been the Hyderabad home for Filmfare Awards South since 2007.[78][79]

Known for being commercially consistent,[80] Telugu cinema had its influence over commercial cinema in India.[81] As one of the revenue generating film industries, Telugu film production accounts for one percent Veteran actor Akkineni Nageswara Rao relocated to Hy- of the gross domestic product of the region.[80][82] [83] derabad and has developed Annapurna Studios. The Tel- Chiranjeevi's 1992 film Gharana Mogudu, directed by K. ugu film industry is one of the three largest film producers Raghavendra Rao, is the first Telugu film to gross over ₹ in India. About 245 Telugu films were produced in 2006, 10 crore at the box office.[84] the highest in India for that year. Film studios in Hyder- 2006 film, Bommarillu was released worldwide with 72 abad, developed by D. Ramanaidu and Ramoji Rao, are prints. Owing to the success of the film, the number of involved in prolific film production and employment.[20] reels grew to about hundred.[85] It collected a distribuThere is a fair amount of dispersion among the Indian tors share of ₹5 crore in its opening week in India.[85] film industries. Many successful Telugu films have been Released in six major metros in the United States, the largely remade by the Bengali cinema while fewer have film collected $73,200 (then approximately ₹0.3 crore) been remade by Hindi and Tamil film industries.[69] The within the first four days of screening.[85] A September industry also remakes a few Hindi, Tamil and Malayalam 2006 survey done in the United States by a popular enfilms. Some Tamil, Malayalam and Kannada films are tertainment portal revealed that the film was watched by dubbed into Telugu on release.[70] an Indian expatriate population of 65,000, which generThe digital cinema network company UFO Moviez marketed by Southern Digital Screenz (SDS) has digitized several cinemas in the region.[71] [72] The Film and Television Institute of Telangana, Film and Television Institute of Andhra Pradesh, Ramanaidu Film School and

ated a revenue of ₹3 crore at that time.[85] A cumulative gross revenue for the film was reported to be as ₹25 crore including ₹3.5 crore from overseas, the largest for any Telugu film at that time. Owing to this path breaking trade, the film was remade into Tamil, Bengali, Oriya

4 and Hindi.[86] 2006 action film, Pokiri has been remade in Hindi, Tamil and Kannada in the following two years owing to the film’s commercial success. It was screened at the IIFA film festival held in Dubai in 2006. [87] Walt Disney Pictures co-produced Anaganaga O Dheerudu, making it the first South Indian production by Disney.[88][89] 2009 fantasy film, Magadheera was released to critical acclaim; with a worldwide share of ₹78.1 crore (US$13 million) making it one of the highest grossing Telugu films of the time. The film was dubbed into Malayalam, Tamil and was remade in Bengali as Yodha-The Warrior, and emerged as a box office hit. 2011 action comedy, Dookudu was released among seventy nine screens in the USA, the Los Angeles Times quoted it as The biggest hit you've never heard of.[90][91][92] In the rest of north, east and west India, it opened up in 21 cities.[93] The film set a box office record by collecting a gross of more than ₹1 billion at the time.[94][95] 2012 film Eega grossed ₹1.25 billion (US$20 million) including all the dubbed versions.[96][97][98][99] In 2013, Attarintiki Daredi collected a worldwide share of ₹492 million (US$8.2 million). The film collected a worldwide share of ₹798 million (US$13 million) in three weeks, becoming the biggest Telugu film grosser of all time.[100][101] 2014 film’s 1: Nenokkadine and Aagadu, became the highest opening weekend Indian film(s) in U.S. box office alongside Bollywood films like Krrish 3 and Kick.[102][103] Enhanced technology among live action animation, digital compositing, and special effects paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms. Visual effects based fantasy films like Magadheera, Arundhati, Eega and Dhamarukam emerged as blockbusters. Pete Draper, P. C. Sanath, Chakri Toleti and V. Srinivas Mohan are some of the visual effects professional’s from the state known for their works in Telugu films.[104][105]

1.4 Critical reception Vasiraju Prakasam and K. N. T. Sastry are one of the noted Indian film critics from the state.[106][107] The industry is one of the largest producers of folklore, fantasy, mythological and melodrama films.[108][109][110] Film makers like Kadiri Venkata Reddy, B. Vittalacharya and Kodi Ramakrishna have pioneered this genre.[11][108][111] Mayabazar and Patala Bhairavi got critical acclaim at the inaugural International Film Festival of India in the 1950s.[112][113] 1956 film Tenali Ramakrishna has garnered the All India Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film. In 2013, IBN Live's Poll listed Mayabazar as the finest Indian film of all time.[114] Nartanasala won the best art direction award at the Afro Asian film festival in Jakarta.[115] Donga Ramudu directed by K. V. Reddy was archived in the curriculum of the Film and Television Institute of India,[11] 1967 film Ummadi Kutumbam was selected by Film Federation of India as one of its entries

CHAPTER 1. TELUGU CINEMA to the 1978 Moscow Film Festival.[116][117] Sankarabharanam won the Prize of the Public at the Besancon Film Festival of France in the year 1981.[118] Thilaadanam won the New Currents Award at the 7th Busan International Film Festival of South Korea.[119] B. Narsing Rao produced Maa Bhoomi which was showcased at Karlovy Vary Film Festival, Cairo and Sidney Film Festivals. He directed, Daasi and Matti Manushulu which won the Diploma of Merit award at the Moscow International Film Festival in 1989 and 1991 respectively. Maa Ooru directed by him won the Media Wave Award at the Hungary International festival of visual arts.[120] In 2003, he directed Hari Villu which was nominated in the Critics’ Week section at the 56th Cannes Film Festival.[121][122][123] Cinematographer turned director, M. V. Raghu has directed the Neo-realistic film Kallu (1988), scripted by Gollapudi Maruti Rao has received thirty state awards and has garnered special mention from the CBFC Jury.[124] Chandra Siddhartha's 1995 film, Nirantharam based on 1948 Telangana Rebellion, has received special mention at Cairo and Locarno International Film Festivals.[125] Bapu's Seeta Kalyanam got critical acclaim at the BFI London Film Festival and Chicago International Film Festival, and is part of the curriculum at British Film Institute.[126] [127] Swati Mutyam (1986) is the only Telugu film to be sent by India as its official entry for the Best Foreign Language Film for the Academy Awards.[128][129] Swati Mutyam and Sagara Sangamam got critical acclaim at Asia Pacific Film Festival.[130][131] Oka Oori Katha has won special awards at Karlovy Vary International Film Festival and Carthage Film Festival.[132] Vanaja won several international awards including the first prize in the live-action feature film category at the Chicago International Children’s Film Festival.[133] 2012 film Dream, has garnered the Royal Reel Award at the Canada International Film Festival.[134][135][136] 2013 Fantasy film Eega, premiered in the Marché du Film section of 2013 Cannes Film Festival has garnered awards for the Most Original Film, Best Special Effects, Best Comedy, Best Fights, Best Film to watch with a crowd, Best Editing, Best Villain and Best Hero (Fly) in the 8th Annual Edition Toronto After Dark Film Festival.[137] 2013 Social problem film, Na Bangaaru Talli has received Best Film award at the Trinity International Film Festival in Detroit, and four Awards at the Indonesian International Film Festival.[138][139][140] 2014 film Minugurulu was selected as Best Indian Film at the 9th India International Children’s Film Festival, held at Bangalore.[141] 2013 Cultural film, O Friend, This Waiting! has received special mention at the Erasing Borders Festival of Classical Dance, Indo-American Arts Council, New York, 2013.[142] 2014 film Parampara has garnered the Platinum Award for Best Feature at the International Indonesian Movie Awards.[143]

1.6. FILM SCORE

1.5 Cast and crew

5 Raju, first 70mm film Simhasanam, first DTS film Telugu Veera Levara (1988) and introducing cowboy and James Bond styles to the Telugu screen.[160] Emergence of director Jandhyala in the 1980s saw the growth of comedy film genre in Telugu cinema.[161] Singeetam Srinivasa Rao and Ram Gopal Varma have received international recognition for bringing out new genres.[162][163] Contemporary film maker’s like Sekhar Kammula, Chandra Sekhar Yeleti, Mohan Krishna Indraganti, Deva Katta, G. Neelakanta Reddy and Narasimha Nandi have made their mark among the Indian panorama sections of the International Film Festival of India in the last decade.[164][165][166][167][168] Noted film editor from the state, A. Sreekar Prasad, known for his initial works in Telugu films of the 1980s, has garnered national recognition for film editing across multiple languages of Indian cinema.[169]

S. V. Ranga Rao, N. T. Rama Rao, Kanta Rao, Bhanumathi Ramakrishna, Gummadi, Savitri and Sobhan Babu are the actors who received the erstwhile Rashtrapati Award for best performance in a leading role.[170][171] Gummadi was an official member of the Indian delegation from South India to the Tashkent Film Festival in 1978 and 1982.[172] He served as the Jury Member thrice for the 28th, 33rd, and 39th National Film Awards.[173][174][175] Sri Sri was one of the influChiranjeevi was an Indian guest of honor at the 59th Academy ential film lyricists of his time, who garnered national Awards[144][145] honours like Sahitya Akademi Award, Best Lyricist and [176] Chittor V. Nagaiah was one of the most influential ac- Soviet Land Nehru Award for his pioneering work. tors of South Indian cinema.[47] S. V. Ranga Rao, was Sharada, Archana, Vijayashanti, Rohini, Nagarjuna one of the first south Indian actor to win the Best Actor Akkineni, and P. L. Narayana are the actors to receive Award for his portrayal of Kichaka in Nartanasala at the the National Film Award for best performance in acting. Indonesian Film Festival held in Jakarta.[146][147] N. T. Chiranjeevi, widely known as Megastar, was listed among Rama Rao was one of the most commercially success- “The men who changed the face of the Indian Cinema" ful Telugu actors of his time.[148] K. N. T. Sastry and by IBN-live India.[177][178] Brahmanandam, a Telugu acPattabhirama Reddy have garnered international recogni- tor, holds a Guinness World Record for acting in the most tion for their pioneering work in Parallel Cinema.[149][150] films in the same language.[179][180] Adurthi Subba Rao, has garnered ten National Film Awards, the highest individual awards in Telugu cinema, for his pioneering work as a director.[151] Akkineni Kutumba Rao's Patha Nagaramlo Pasivadu received Cairo 1.6 Film Score International Film Festival's, Merit Certificate for best Susarla Dakshinamurthi, Parupalli Ramakrishnaiah Panfeature.[152][153] Dasari Narayana Rao has directed the most number tulu, Ogirala Ramachandra Rao, Pithapuram Nageswara of films in Telugu, he directed Meghasandesam, which Rao, Tanguturi Suryakumari, and Mangalampalli Balmusic comgot critical acclaim at Cannes and Moscow Film Festi- amuralikrishna are some of the influential [181][182][183] Music posers of Soutern-Indian cinema. [154][155] Noted director B. S. Narayana was a memval. composers such as Pendyala Nageswara Rao, R. Sudarber of the Indian delegation to the Tashkent Film Fesmade contributions to folktival in 1974, and the Moscow International Film Fes- shanam and R. Goverdhanam [184][185] lore and mythological films. [156] tival in 1975. V. N. Reddy and KS Prasad, one of the pioneering cinematographers in Telugu cinema, have garnered nationwide recognition for their work in cinematography in various Indian languages.[157][158][159] Actor and producer, Krishna Ghattamaneni is credited with producing many technological firsts in Telugu film Industry like the first eastman color film Amarasilpi Jakkanna (1964), the first Cinemascope film Alluri Seetharama

Madhavapeddi Satyam, P. Adinarayana Rao, Gali Penchala Narasimha Rao, Chellapilla Satyam, P. B. Sreenivas, S. P. Kodandapani, G. K. Venkatesh, S. Hanumantha Rao, have contributed their work extensively for films containing themes of social relevance.[186] S.P. Balasubrahmanyam is a multilingual playback singer from Telugu cinema to win National Film Awards across four lan-

6

CHAPTER 1. TELUGU CINEMA

1.8 Guinness records • Guinness Record had been awarded to Ramoji Film City, Hyderabad as the largest film studio complex in the world, it opened in 1996 and measures 674 hectares (1,666 acres). With 47 sound stages, it has permanent sets ranging from railway stations to temples.[21][199] • Movie producer D.Rama Naidu holds the Guinness World Record as the most prolific producer with 130 films.[200] • Telugu actor Brahmanandam holds the Guinness World Record for acting in the most number of films in a single language.[179][180][201][202] S. P. Balasubrahmanyam in 1985

guages. He holds the record of having recorded more songs than any other male playback singer and has received 25 state Nandi Awards.[187] Ghantasala, P. Susheela, S. Janaki, M. M. Keeravani, and Ramesh Naidu are some of the musicians and playback singers to receive National recognition. Multiinstrumentalists duo Raj-Koti holds a notable career spanning a decade, the duo has garnered particular acclaim for redefining contemporary music.[188][189] R. P. Patnaik is the current president of the Telugu Cine Music Association.[190]

• Playback singer S. P. Balasubramanyam holds the Guinness World Record for having sung the most number of songs for any male playback singer in the world,[203][204][205] with the majority of his songs sung in Telugu. • In 2002, the Guinness Book of Records named Vijaya Nirmala as the female director with the most number of films, having made 47 films. In a career spanning approximately two decades, she has acted in over 200 films with 25 each in Malayalam and Tamil and produced 15 films.[206]

1.9 Dubbed films

The 1949 film Keelu Gurram was the first Telugu film to be dubbed into the Tamil language, being subsequently released under the name Maya Kudhirai.[10] According to the Andhra Pradesh Film Chamber of Commerce, “as per 1.7 Distribution the Judgement of Supreme Court in Ashirwad Films in W.P.(Civil) No.709 there will be no difference in taxation As of 2012, Dookudu had one of the largest worldwide of films between the dubbed films coming in from other openings for a Telugu film, having been released glob- states and the films produced in the Telugu States”.[207] ally onto 1,600 screens,[191] including 71 in Hyderabad, Telangana.[192] The film became the first Telugu project to release in Botswana and was opened in a single screen 1.10 State awards with one show by the Telugu Association of Botswana. Dookudu was released over 79 theatres in the United States; the Los Angeles Times quoted Dookudu as “the 1.11 Regional awards biggest hit you've never heard of.”[193] Further, it was released in Netherlands, Germany, South Africa, Dubai and Finland, the first for a Telugu film in addition to regular overseas markets such as Singapore, Malaysia and the UK.[194] The producers approached the high court of India for a John Doe Order to prevent piracy of the film.[195] It set a box office record for the Telugu film industry by collecting a gross of more than ₹1 billion (approximately 15.7 million US Dollars).[196][197][198]

• Sangam Academy Award • Chittor Nagaiah Puraskaram • CineMAA Awards • Allu Rama Lingaiah Award • Gollapudi Srinivas Award

1.14. REFERENCES • Shri B. Nagi Reddy Best Wholesome Entertainment Film Award[208] • FNCC Awards

7

[11] Sashidhar AS (13 August 2012). “Donga Ramudu was included in FTII”. The Times of India (Press release). Retrieved 2012-08-27.

• Santosham Film Awards

[12] “Nostalgia – Pathala Bhairavi”. trieved 2012-08-27.

• T. Subbarami Reddy Award[209]

[13] "::Directorate Of Film Festivals::". dff.nic.in.

• ANR National Award

[14] “4th National Film Awards” (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Retrieved 2 September 2011.

1.12 Studios 1.13 See also

CineGoer.com.

Re-

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• List of highest-grossing Tollywood (Telugu) movies

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• Cinema of India

[18] “The Hindu News”. Chennai, India. 6 May 2005.

• Cinema of the world

[19] “ACTUAL ARTICLE TITLE BELONGS HERE!". The Times of India. 2 October 2010.

• Filmfare Awards South • List of South Indian film families • South Indian International Movie Awards

[20] “Telugu film industry enters new era”. Blonnet.com. 6 November 2007. Archived from the original on 2009-0811. Retrieved 12 November 2010.

• Tollywood Kolkata

[21] “Official Site of Guinnessworldrecords.com Largest Film studio in the world”.

• Raghupathi Venkaiah Award

[22] “CNN Travel”. CNN.

1.14 References [1] “STATEWISE NUMBER OF SINGLE SCREENS”. Film Federation of India. Retrieved 21 April 2014.

[23] “Thehindu.com King of Good times Prasad’s Imax”. Chennai, India: The Hindu Newspaper. 7 August 2011. [24] Dan Nosowitz (30 May 2009). “The Seven IMAX Wonders of the World”. Gizmodo.com. Retrieved 2013-0210.

[2] “The Digital March Media & Entertainment in South India” (PDF). Deloitte. Retrieved 21 April 2014.

[25] “Annual report 2011” (PDF). Central Board of Film Certification, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.

[3] “The Digital March Media & Entertainment in South India” (PDF). Deloitte. Retrieved 21 April 2014.

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[4] “Year of success for tinsel town”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). 26 December 2007.

[27] “UTV distribution market”. India Glitz. Retrieved March 2012.

[5] “50 Crore Mark Made Easy”. www.cinesprint.com. Retrieved 7 August 2014.

[28] “Mou with MPAA”. The Hindu Cinema. Retrieved March 2012.

[6] “Telugu Cinema Celebrity – Raghupati Venkaiah Naidu”. idlebrain.com.

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[7] “The Hindu : Friday Review Hyderabad : `Nijam cheppamantara, abaddham cheppamantara... ' ". hindu.com.

[30] “DCHL bankruptcy threat: PVP Ventures in fray to buy IPL team Deccan Chargers”. The Economic Times. 13 September 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012.

[8] Narasimham, M. L. (7 November 2010). “SATI SAVITHRI (1933)". The Hindu (Chennai, India). Retrieved 8 July 2011. [9] Bhagwan Das Garg (1996). So many cinemas: the motion picture in India. Eminence Designs. p. 86. ISBN 81900602-1-X. [10] Eenadu Daily, Eenadu Sunday – 28 April 2013, 100 years of Indian Cinema, Early Tollywood, Page 9

[31] “Gabbar Singh highest grosser in south : Bollywood, News - India Today”. indiatoday.intoday.in. [32] “Hindustan Times”. [33] “Times of India”. [34] “Rajamouli-Prabhas new movie budget”. The Times of India. 14 October 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2013.

8

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[35] “Baahubali’s team gets a rare honour”. The Times of India. 21 May 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.

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[36] “Rajamouli’s Bahubali finds place in BBC’s documentary”. The Hans India. 22 May 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.

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[37] “Rajamouli goes digital for Bahubali”. The Times of India. 26 June 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014. [38] "'Baahubali' movie release date”. IndiaGlitz. 17 June 2014. Retrieved 23 June 2014. [39] “Anushka riding on Rs.50 crores business Entertainment”. Timesofap.com. 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2014-05-31. [40] "'Rani Rudrama Devi' starring Anushka to be made with a huge budget”. tamilstar.com. 2013-02-13. Retrieved 2015-02-06. [41] Narasimham, M. L. (10 September 2011). “Eighty glorious years of Telugu talkie”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). [42] Encyclopaedia of early cinema, by Richard Abel, pp. 677, Bhishma Pratigya, 1921 film [43] “Telugu Cinema Biography”. kiwibox.com. 3 May 1913. Retrieved 2014-11-28.

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[66] S. Muthiah (6 December 2009). “Arts / History & Culture : Madras Miscellany – `The First Family' gets together”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). Retrieved 2012-02-19.

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[47] “Nagaiah – noble, humble and kind-hearted”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). 8 April 2005. [48] “Paul Muni of India – Chittoor V.Nagayya”. Bharatjanani.com. 6 May 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-21. [49] Special Correspondent (11 September 2011). “Today’s Paper / NATIONAL : Telugu Cinema Day on September 15”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). Retrieved 2012-08-25. [50] Narasimham, M.L. (9 September 2012). “Wake up, industry”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). Retrieved 26 March 2014. [51] "'Bhaktha Prahladha': First Telugu talkie completes 81 years”. CNN-IBN. 7 February 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2014. [52] “Telugu Cinema turns a grand 82!". The Hans India. 7 February 2013. p. 10. Retrieved 26 March 2014. [53] “Reliving the reel and the real”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). 19 January 2007. [54] “Articles – History of Birth And Growth of Telugu Cinema”. CineGoer.com. Retrieved 2012-02-19. [55] Naati 101 Chitralu, S. V. Rama Rao, Kinnera Publications, Hyderabad, 2006, pp.14. [56] “Nostalgia Mala Pilla (1938) at Cinegoer.com”. cinegoer.com.

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[78] “56th Filmfare Awards South”. The Times of India. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-22.

9

[99] “Eega to be screened at Cannes!". 123telugu.com. Retrieved 14 May 2013.

[79] “Idea Filmfare awards ceremony on July 2”. The Times of [100] “Attarintiki Daredi records superb TRP’s”. The Times of India. Retrieved 6 May 2014. India. 11 June 2011. [80] “B-town grabs Dookudu – The Times of India". The Times [101] “Vikramasimha Set To Break Pawan Kalyan’s Attarintiki Daredi Record”. One India. Retrieved 6 May 2014. of India. [81] “Tamil, Telugu film industries outshine Bollywood”. Busi- [102] “Mahesh Babu’s Aagadu beats Salman Khan’s Kick! – Bollywood News & Gossip, Movie Reviews, Trailers & ness Standard. 25 January 2006. Retrieved 2012-02-19. Videos at Bollywoodlife.com”. [82] “Telugu film industry turns 81”. The Hindu (Chennai, In[103] “Box Office Collection: Mahesh’s 'Aagadu' Beats dia). 16 September 2011. Salman’s 'Kick' Opening Weekend Figures in US”. In[83] “Telugu film industry, Ind: msg#00117”. Osdir.com. 31 ternational Business Times. 22 September 2014. January 2007. Retrieved 2012-02-19. [104] “The animated lot”. thehindu.com. The Hindu. [84] “First Telugu film to gross 100 million – Times Of India”. [105] “60th National Film Awards Announced” (PDF) (Press articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 2012-08-17. release). Press Information Bureau (PIB), India. Re[85] “Trade Story: Bommarillu rocks”. Idlebrain.com. Retrieved 18 March 2013. trieved 2007-10-16. [106] “48th National Film Awards” (PDF). Directorate of Film [86] Narasimhan, M. L. (29 December 2006). “A few hits Festivals. Retrieved 13 March 2012. and many flops”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). Retrieved [107] “54TH NATIONAL FILM AWARDS” (PDF). dff.nic.in. 2007-10-17. [87] “Showcase: IIFA 2006 – Dubai | Film Festival”. IIFA. [108] "'Maya Bazaar' forever!". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 21 April 2006. Retrieved 2012-02-19. [88] “Disney fantasy film in Telugu, Tamil”. The Hindu. 2010. [109] “Mythological characters, a hit in T-town”. The Times of India. 10 May 2011. Archived from the original on 28 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-21. [110] “I feel blessed to play Sita: Nayanthara”. The Times of India on Mobile. 20 December 2010. Retrieved 2012[89] “Walt Disney picks Shruti, Siddharth!". The Times of In02-19. dia. 17 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-17. [90] "'Dookudu,' the biggest hit you've never heard of”. la- [111] “A new Jaganmohini”. The Times of India. 22 June 2008. times. 27 September 2011. Retrieved 27 September [112] “Nostalgia – Pathala Bhairavi”. CineGoer.com. Re2011. trieved 2012-08-27. [91] “Winning combo”. Times of India. Retrieved 13 October [113] “Ace lensman recalls magic moments”. The Hindu (Chen2011. nai, India). 14 April 2006. [92] "‘Oosaravelli’ takes competition to the US”. The New In[114] "'Mayabazar' is India’s greatest film ever: IBNLive poll”. dian Express. Retrieved 10 December 2011. ibnlive.in.com. [93] “Dookudu touches the one billion mark”. Times of India. [115] “Directorate of Film Festival” (PDF). Iffi.nic.in. Re20 November 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2011. trieved 2012-08-25. [94] Karthik Paspulatte, TNN (20 November 2011). “Dookudu touches the one billion mark”. The Times Of [116] Eenadu Daily, Eenadu cinema – 17 July 2013, National art theater, Page 10 India. Retrieved 21 November 2011. [95] “DCHL bankruptcy threat: PVP Ventures in fray to buy [117] “Director Yoganand is no more - Telugu Movie News”. indiaglitz.com. IPL team Deccan Chargers”. The Economic Times. 13 September 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012. [118] “Directorate of Film Festival” (PDF). Iffi.nic.in. Retrieved 2012-08-25. [96] “DCHL bankruptcy threat: PVP Ventures in fray to buy IPL team Deccan Chargers”. The Economic Times. Re- [119] “How Kamli came alive onscreen” (Press release). Redtrieved 13 September 2012. iff.com. 31 December 2004. Retrieved 2012-08-25. [97] “SS Rajamouli’s Eega to be screened at Cannes, Shang- [120] “Telugu creative genius Narsingh Rao’s films regale hai film festivals – Bollywood News & Gossip, Movie ReDelhi”. webindia123.com. views, Trailers & Videos at Bollywoodlife.com”. bollywoodlife.com. [121] http://rrtd.nic.in/Film%20Bulletin-Apl03.htm [98] "‘Makkhi’ Review: Revenge comes in all sizes!". Zee- [122] “Telugu Cinema - Review - Harivillu - Subhakar, Nitya news.india.com. Retrieved 13 October 2012. B Narsing Rao - D Rama Naidu - AK Bir”.

10

[123] “The Hindu : Touching tale”. hindu.com.

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[149] “Arts / Cinema : Conscientious filmmaker”. The Hindu (Press release). 7 May 2011. Retrieved 2012-08-25.

[124] “The saga of a lensman”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). 9 June 2003. [150] “Tikkavarapu Pattabhirama Reddy – Poet, Film maker of international fame from NelloreOne Nellore”. 1nel[125] http://www.dff.nic.in/Jury%20Profiles.pdf lore.com. One Nellore. [126] “The Hindu article on Bapu”. thehindu.com. [127] m.l. narasimham (12 November 2011). “Arts / Cinema : Preview: Epic comes full circle”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). Retrieved 2012-08-24.

[151] “Stars : Star Profiles : Adurti Subbarao: A Tribute”. telugucinema.com. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013.

[152] “Long journey sans fun”. The Hindu (Press release). 19 November 2002. Retrieved 2012-08-29. [128] “City to host selection of India’s entry for Oscars”. The Times of India. 14 September 2012. [153] “Children’s Film Society, India | Page 14” (Press release). cfsindia. 23 November 2011. Retrieved 2012-08-29. [129] “Ibn Live”. [130] “Kamal Haasan”. Bharatwaves.com. Retrieved 2012-09- [154] 05. [155] [131] Prakash KL. “Sagara Sangamam to be screened at Kamal’s films fest | – Oneindia Entertainment”. Entertain[156] ment.oneindia.in. Retrieved 2012-09-04.

“The meaning in movement”. The Asian Age. 30 years of Meghasandesam, retrospective, Eenadu cinema, 24 September 2012, Eenadu Daily http://dff.nic.in/2011/26th_NFA.pdf

[132] Oka Oori Katha (The Outsiders). Mrinal Sen. Retrieved [157] “Cinema - The Era Of Talking Movies - 1940 - 1950”. Windows on Asia. Retrieved 9 March 2011. 2011-09-17. [133] “2007’s MediaBridge Award Winners”. Chicago Interna- [158] Bamzai, Kaveree (18 July 1999). “Back To The Future”. tional Children’s Film Festival. Retrieved 2008-02-17. Indian Express. [134] “2013 Official Selections”. canadafilmfestival.com.

[159] “16th National Film Awards” (PDF). Directorate of Film Festivals. Retrieved 22 September 2011.

[135] "‘Dream’ hops to Canada in flying colours”. thehindu.com. The Hindu. [160] Pasupulate, Karthik (25 December 2012). “Super Star Krishna retires from movies”. The Times of India. Re[136] Eenadu daily, Eenadu Cinema, page 16, 11 April 2013 trieved 25 December 2012. [137] “Rajamouli’s Eega continues to win awards”. The Times artiof India. 3 November 2013. Retrieved 4 November 2013. [161] “8 decades of laughter – Times Of India”. cles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. [138] “Naa Bangaru Talli as Best film at Trinity International [162] “Singeetham Srinivasa Rao’s gems before Christ – RedFilm Festival”. gulte.com. iff.com Movies”. rediff.com. [139] "'The story of Naa Bangaru Talli is quite shocking' - Red[163] “Sudeep’s excited about film with Ram Gopal Varma – iff.com Movies”. rediff.com. Times Of India”. articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. [140] "‘Naa Bangaru Talli’ made it big in the TIFF 2013”. all[164] “Directorate of film festival” (PDF). Retrieved 2012-10lightsfilmmagazine.com. July 2014. 13. [141] "'Minugurulu' Grabs Best Indian Film CIICFF - Telugu [165] “Dark days for Grahanam”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). Movie News”. indiaglitz.com. 20 November 2005. Retrieved 2008-06-18. [142] “O Friend, This Waiting!". magiclanternmovies.in. Magic Lantern Movies LLP. [166] “The Hindu : Andhra Pradesh / Hyderabad News : ‘Prasthanam' in Indian Panorama”. hindu.com. [143] “International recognition for 'Parampara'". [167] "'1940 lo oka gramam' release soon”. The Hindu (Chen[144] “Chiranjeevi was invited for Oscar Awards”. The Times nai, India). 19 February 2010. Archived from the original Of India. 13 March 2012. on 29 September 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2010. [145] “Chiru At Cannes Vs Chiru At Oscars”. Gulte.com. [146] “Directorate of Film Festival” (PDF). iffi.nic.in.

[168] “Software engineer turned director wins National Award”. reachouthyderabad.com.

[147] Mahabhinishkramana, Viswa Nata Chakravarti, M. San- [169] Sudhish Kamath (18 March 2011). “Life & Style / Metroplus : The Saturday Interview – A cut above”. The Hindu jay Kishore, Sangam Akademy, Hyderabad, 2005, pp: (Chennai, India). Retrieved 2011-12-06. 69–70. [148] “NTR, Sridevi greatest actor of all times in India: survey [170] “Telugu star Shoban Babu passes away”. Hindustan – Hindustan Times”. hindustantimes.com. Times. 21 March 2008. Retrieved 2013-02-10.

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11

[171] Social Post (25 March 2009). “Kantha Rao becomes a [194] “It’s Dookudu all the way”. The Times of India. 6 October memory | News – Oneindia Entertainment”. Entertain2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011. ment.oneindia.in. Retrieved 2012-11-03. [195] “Dookudu on piracy alert, to avail John Doe Order”. Oneindia.in. Retrieved 13 October 2011. [172] “Profile of Gummadi - Telugu film actor”. [173] “28th National Film Awards (PDF)" (PDF). Directorate [196] Karthik Paspulatte, TNN (20 November 2011). “Dookudu touches the one billion mark”. The Times of of Film Festivals. Retrieved 4 October 2011. India. Retrieved 2011-11-21. [174] “33rd National Film Awards (PDF)" (PDF). Directorate [197] “Mahesh Babu gets raunchy with Kajal Agarwal”. Zee of Film Festivals. Retrieved 7 January 2012. News. Retrieved 8 December 2011. [175] “39th National Film Awards (PDF)" (PDF). Directorate [198] “Mahesh Babu’s Dookudu collects 101 cr in 50 days”. of Film Festivals. Retrieved 27 February 2012. NDTV. [176] “Sri Sri” (PDF). Directorate of film festival. Retrieved [199] “Ramoji Film City sets Guinness record”. The Hindu. 3 2012-08-29. August 2005. Retrieved 10 January 2012. [177] “100 Years of Cinema: The men who changed the face of [200] “Press Information Bureau English Releases”. Pib.nic.in. Indian films”. ibnlive.in.com (IBNLive). Retrieved 2012-08-25. [178] “AU confers honorary degrees on Chiru, others”. The Hindu (Chennai, India). 7 November 2006. Retrieved [201] “Most screen credits for a living actor”. Guinnessworldrecords.com. 24 June 2010. Retrieved 2012-08-25. 2011-04-21. [179] “Guinness record for Brahmanandam”. The Times of In- [202] “Guinness record for Brahmanandam”. The Times of India. 15 December 2007. Retrieved 2012-08-25. dia. 15 December 2007. Retrieved 10 October 2010. [180] “Home of the Longest, Shortest, Fastest, Tallest facts and [203] “BBC Interview with S P Balasubramaniam”. feats”. Guinness World Records. Retrieved 2011-09-21. [204] “Singing his way to the guinness”. Spbala.com. 5 March 1999. Retrieved 2012-08-25. [181] “The Hindu : National : French honour for Balamuralikrishna”. hindu.com. [182] “Maestro in many moods”. thehindu.com. The Hindu. [183] “Susarla’s work”. uiowa.edu. University of Iowa.

[205] “Make way for SPB, the TV host!". Rediff.com. 19 November 2009. Retrieved 2012-08-25. [206] “Guinness Record for Vijaya Nirmala”. (Chennai, India).

The Hindu

[184] “cinegoer.net – Nostalgia – AVM’s Bhookailas”. cine[207] “GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH: Andhra goer.com. Pradesh Entertainment Tax Act, 1939” (PDF). [185] “Special story on veteran music director Susarla Dakshi[208] ""Shri B. Nagi Reddy” award for “Eega” movie”. idlenamurthy – Etv2,Susarla Dakshinamurthy, Music”. telbrain.com. 6 April 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2013. ugism.com. [186] “The Hindu : Friday Review Hyderabad / Music : Melodious tribute”. hindu.com.

[209] “TSR-TV9 film awards function in city today”. The Times of India. 10 April 2011.

[210] “Pre-visualisation, fire fly creative studios, Hyderabad”. [187] DC Correspondent New Delhi (26 January 2011). “SPB The Hindu Cinema. Retrieved April 2012. wins Padma Bhushan, no Bharat Ratna this year”. Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 2011-05-02 [211] “Sanath fire fly, digital lab, Hyderabad”. The Hindu, Cinema. Retrieved April 2012. [188] “Music duo Rajkoti will be honoured-News,Telugu movie news,latest news,”. myfirstshow.com. [212] Suresh Krishnamoorthy (9 July 2012). “Cities / Hyderabad : With technology, 'Eega' takes wings”. The Hindu [189] Raj-Koti Reunited : Special Live show | ap7am (Chennai, India). Retrieved 2012-09-19. [190] “No more Telugu music recording in Chennai – Times Of India”. articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. [191] 'I knew Dookudu would be a blockbuster'. Rediff. Retrieved 6 October 2011 [192] “Will lady luck smile on Mahesh Babu’s Dookudu?". Oneindia.in. Retrieved 13 October 2011. [193] "'Dookudu,' the biggest hit you've never heard of”. Los Angeles Times. 27 September 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2011.

Chapter 2

Nandi Awards The Nandi Awards is the highest award ceremony for excellence in Telugu cinema, Telugu Theater, Telugu Television, and Life time achievements in Indian cinema, presented annually by Government’s of Andhra Pradesh. “Nandi” means “bull”, the awards being named after the big granite bull at Lepakshi — a cultural and historical symbol of Telugus. Nandi Awards are presented in four categories: Gold, Silver, Bronze, and Copper. A variant, Nandi Natakotsavam Awards for Theater is also given every year by the government for social, mythological and poetic dramas.[4][5][6]

new year. The Government has transferred the activity relating to conferring Nandi Awards to the Film Television and Theatre Development Corporation. Since 1998, the awards are being organized by the them.[10]

The Awards are given in the categories of feature films, feature films on national integration, children’s films, documentary films, educational films, and books/articles on Telugu cinema in Telugu language for the best films, producers, directors, artistes, and technicians. The awards are usually in the form of Golden Nandi, Silver Nandi, Bronze Nandi, and Copper Nandi in addition to medals, Annually, a state panel appointed by the government se- cash prize and commendation certificates. lects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in Hyderabad, where in the Chief Minister gives away the awards. A list of rules is presented every year in a doc- 2.2 Honorary Awards - Gold ument of regulations. The criteria for eligibility contains many clauses. Among them, there is a direct requirement Raghupati Venkaiah Award for the makers of a film, and particularly films entering the competition should be produced in Andhra Pradesh • Highest Award for Life Time Achievement in and Telangana, and in case of co-production involving a Telugu Cinema: since 1980[11] foreign entity, there are as many conditions which should be fulfilled in order for the film to qualify.[7][8] According to the criteria, in order to be eligible for con- NTR National Award sideration of the jury, a film should be certified by the • Life Time Achievement and contribution to Indian Central Board of Film Certification between January 1 Cinema: since 1996[12] and December 31. The Government do not have influence over which films are selected for consideration and which films ultimately win awards. However, There are Bommireddy Narasimha Reddy National Award strict criteria which are being scrutinized by the government as to whether a film is eligible for consideration by • 2008: K. B. Tilak (director and producer)[13] the jury panels.[9] • 2009: K. Raghavendra Rao (film director)[14] • 2011: Shyam Benegal (film director)[15]

2.1 History The Nandi Film Awards were commissioned to recognize and commend the best films produced in the Telugu language in the states of Andhra Pradesh from 1964 onwards. The objective of the film awards is to encourage the production of films in Telugu language with high technical excellence and aesthetic values bearing cultural, educational, and social relevance and also promoting the integration and unity of the nation. Awards are given annually and are presented in a public event on the Telugu

Nagireddy-Chakrapani National Award • 2011: G. Adiseshagiri Rao – (film producer)[15]

2.3 Gold

12

• Best Feature Films – Gold, Silver and Bronze: since 1964

2.6. COPPER - SINCE 1997 • Sarojini Devi Award for a Film on National Integration: since 1999 • Nandi Award for Best Children Film: since 1999 • Nandi Award for Best Documentary Films - Gold and Silver: since 1999 • Nandi Award for Best Popular Feature Film: since 1999

13

2.6 Copper - since 1997 • Best Male Dubbing Artist: since 1997 • Best Female Dubbing Artist: since 1997 • Best Book on Telugu Cinema: since 1997 • Best Child Actor: since 1999 • Best Child Actress: since 1999 • Best Editor: since 1999

2.4 Silver • Best Actor: since 1972 • Best Actress: since 1972 • Best Director: since 1981 • Best Educational Film: since 1999 • Akkineni Award for Best Home-viewing Feature Film: since 1999

• Best Art Director: 1999 • Best Makeup Artist: since 1999 • Best Costume Designer: since 1999 • Best Fight Master: since 1999 • Best Film Critic on Telugu Cinema: since 1999 • Best Special Effects: since 2003

2.7 Most awards 2.5 Copper - since 1977 • Best Cinematographer: since 1977

1) S. P. Balasubrahmanyam - 25 Awards 2) S. Janaki - 10 Awards 3) Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry - 10 Awards

• Best Music Director: since 1977

4) P. Ravi Shankar - 9 Awards

• Best Male Playback Singer: since 1977

5) K. S. Chithra - 9 Awards

• Best Female Playback Singer: since 1977

6) Sunitha Upadrashta - 9 Awards

• Best Lyricist: since 1977

7) Mahesh Babu - 7 Awards 8) Daggubati Venkatesh - 7 Awards

• Best Supporting Actor: since 1981 • Best Supporting Actress: since 1981 • Best Screenplay Writer: since 1977 • Best Story Writer: since 1981 • Best Audiographer: since 1981 • Best First Film of a Director: since 1985 • Best Character Actor: since 1985 • Best Male Comedian: since 1985 • Best Female Comedian: since 1985 • Best Dialogue Writer: since 1983 • Best Choreographer: since 1985 • Special Jury Award: since 1981 • Best Villain: since 1985

2.8 References [1] Open-air auditorium to be constructed in Kakinada. The Hindu (2012-12-23). Retrieved on 2014-01-21. [2] Telugu Teachers outside Andhra Pradesh,Telugu Teachers outside Andhra Pradesh,Telugu Teachers outside Andhra Pradesh. Teluguwebsite.com. Retrieved on 2014-01-21. [3] “Government announces Nandi Awards committee members”. Ragalahari.com. 2007-12-23. Retrieved 2012-1013. [4] October 13, 2012 11:45 pm (2010-10-08). “Nandi Natakotsavam Awards”. India Scanner. Retrieved 201210-13. [5] “2011 Nandi Awards winners list – The Times of India”. The Times of India. Retrieved 2012-10-13. [6] “Andhra Pradesh / Hyderabad News: ETV, SVBC, DD sweep Nandi awards”. The Hindu. 2010-11-11. Retrieved 2012-10-13.

14

CHAPTER 2. NANDI AWARDS

[7] “Front Page: Nandi awards for 2005 announced”. The Hindu. 2006-11-12. Retrieved 2012-10-13. [8] “Nandi Awards Committee appointed by AP government – Telugu Movie News”. IndiaGlitz. 2009-07-24. Retrieved 2012-10-13. [9] “Andhra Pradesh / Hyderabad News: Nandi Natakotsavam from June 19”. The Hindu. 2004-06-17. Retrieved 2012-10-13. [10]

: ANDHRA PRADESH STATE NANDI FILM AWARDS (1964–1974). Telugucinemacharitra.blogspot.in (2011-01-07). Retrieved on 2014-01-21.

[11] “The Hindu: Andhra Pradesh / Hyderabad News: Balaiah to head Nandi Awards panel”. Hinduonnet.com. 200509-02. Retrieved 2012-10-13. [12] “Raghupathi Venkaiah, Nagi Reddy, Chakrapani, B.N. Reddy and NTR National Awards announced…News,Telugu movie news, latest news, political news, Updated Movie News:Raghupathi Venkaiah, Nagi Reddy, Chakrapani, B.N. Reddy and NTR National Awards announced…". Myfirstshow.com. Retrieved 2012-05-28. [13] “Nandi Award for Ravi Teja, Swati”. The Hindu. 17 March 2010. Retrieved 22 March 2010. [14] Prakash KL (2010-12-07). “B Saroja .in”. Retrieved 2012-05-28. [15] Eenadu daily, Eeenadu Cinema, Page 10, Nandi life time achievement awards, retrieved, March 24, 2013.

2.9. TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

15

2.9 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses 2.9.1

Text

• Telugu cinema Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_cinema?oldid=670789426 Contributors: Julesd, Johnh123, Postdlf, Auric, DocWatson42, Zigger, Varlaam, Huaiwei, Bishonen, Giraffedata, Chirag, Alansohn, Wtmitchell, Dave.Dunford, BDD, Woohookitty, BD2412, , The wub, MarnetteD, Gurubrahma, DVdm, Bgwhite, RussBot, Stephenb, Gaius Cornelius, Rsrikanth05, Ospalh, JHCaufield, Black Falcon, Fram, JLaTondre, SmackBot, Jagged 85, Gilliam, Ohnoitsjamie, Getramkumar, Anwar saadat, Ajay ijn, DMacks, Salamurai, Ohconfucius, Gnt, Beetstra, Dl2000, MikeWazowski, HelloAnnyong, Sganeshkumar 1989, SkyWalker, J Milburn, Baludasari, Karenjc, CMG, K mahesh85, Cydebot, Borok, Gogo Dodo, Otto4711, Pvskrishnapraveen, Doug Weller, DumbBOT, Ebyabe, Qwyrxian, Universal Hero, Nick Number, Vijay 123ind, Raghunc, Trakesht, MikeLynch, Ekabhishek, MER-C, Soorya4india, Magioladitis, AtticusX, JamesBWatson, Dharmadhyaksha, Ashishbhatnagar72, STBot, Rettetast, R'n'B, CommonsDelinker, Rohinikumart, Abhijitsathe, Naniwako, Sureshnaidu, Gopimohan, Shshshsh, KylieTastic, Jamesofur, Geekdiva, Rajasekhar1961, Alexandria, Karthiktreddy, Quantpole, Roland zh, Copana2002, Raj808, Gunwanti, Donrub, Flyer22, Sbowers3, Fratrep, Dravecky, Sudhakarsr, Lukasz Lukomski, Mr. Granger, Max.srinivas, Martarius, Sfan00 IMG, ClueBot, Tatavj, Aditya0908, Plastikspork, EoGuy, Ramaraju040, Unbuttered Parsnip, Niceguyedc, Orpheon, Auntof6, Mspraveen, LeoFrank, M4gnum0n, Rhododendrites, Islaammaged126, Kiranavs, Arjayay, TheRedPenOfDoom, Gundersen53, Callrecall911, Thehelpfulone, Apparition11, DumZiBoT, XLinkBot, Staticshakedown, Vanished user k3rmwkdmn4tjna3d, Vijayvizag, GSMR, Thaejas, Jncraton, Debresser, Tassedethe, Teles, Yobot, Fraggle81, Hridayath, Pavn123, 1s9r9i0, AnomieBOT, Noq, Adam mugliston, BsBsBs, Killiondude, Keithbob, AdjustShift, MEKNOWITALL, Iam.spark55, Materialscientist, Citation bot, Prathambhu, LilHelpa, M4Murali, Shashankbathula, Anna Frodesiak, Mlpearc, Bandreddit, Cinemaghar, Cruz-iglesia, Transpar3nt, Nik Mars, Mathonius, Naveenrams, Telugodu123, Reddy2323, Geocraze, Anilch99, FrescoBot, Usmanzaffer786, Munasabu, Kchaitanya21, Jackfontane, VindyaRani, Abhi437, Neal007, Stezie9, Kongaru Vamshi, Kichappan, Redrose64, SpacemanSpiff, Kalaravi v, Notedgrant, Hoo man, Kranthibuzz, Hariehkr, Cstguys, Clockmiles, Naveen.reddygaru, Srishka, Kranthibuzzz, Jonkerz, Vsatish5, Woodcutterty, Ys reddy16, Dr.palakodety, Chaitanya055, Techzene, Jhenderson777, Andhragc, Tbhotch, TheMesquito, Shreyal K, RjwilmsiBot, Nellorereddy, DRAGON BOOSTER, John of Reading, Ragumar, Rajeshg1992, Sripalsama, GoingBatty, Active Banana, AsceticRose, Vensatry, DragoSupremo, Bollyjeff, Irfanbroadnet, Raviranua, Patz64, Rockpreethi123, Karthikndr, Fages, Rashmi1990, Anonymous303, Kumarjg, Bill william compton, Roopchand85, K. the Surveyor, ClamDip, Ppwrong, No2vndlsm, Ramya9632, Behindwoods, Vyshnavibalaji, Vox Pluvia, Tollygunge, 6poundhammer, Prabhu3, Prabhu6, Jinnyjolly, Lakshmi7, Rocktruly18, Helpsome, ClueBot NG, Jack Greenmaven, Wikivigilance, Roughstrikes, Vividdoor12, Kaverijha23, Babyboy33, RajaNeela1993, Legitimateuserqa, Kesinenimurthy, Stone Roger, Veera828, Sriharanathrayala, Anupmehra, Adityamadhav83, MerlIwBot, Secret of success, Strike Eagle, Titodutta, Mohanjodaro21, DBigXray, Kailash29792, BG19bot, Suriya.karthi2011, Sudo-swiki, MKar, Wikileaks23, Ason27, X-menfirstclass, PhnomPencil, Anil 666, Rkchow, Arunashields1, Benjaminvetri, Snow Blizzard, Onlydookudu, Vin09, Snowcream, Vensatry234, Dazedbythenash, MThekkumthala, Ramajogayyasastry, Intercell, Coralshin, Hiteccity, Sai Kishore.dl, BattyBot, Dav subrajathan.357, Aarakshan, Pushpaksen, Mahanandi, Moviehub, Kekamohan, Ancienzus, Panickroom, Sthanambharadwaj, Mogism, தமிழ்க்குரிசில், Abitoby, Head12hunter, Frosty, Nandhakishore, Curtlyambrose, Political Cricketer, 12pavan34, Bioradsq, Wpjustice, RTPking, Arjunsingar, Andhrapk, Stemsell, Visdaviva, Vandevord, Dravidianhero, Govindarajan Devarajan, Misconfig, Covidien, PC-XT, Wheelwat, Kondakotaiah, Lathyruss, Minihifi, Ruby Murray, The Ajan, Pradyumnudu, Pamsha, Gadgetsgigs, Manumurali2012, Murrallli, Evano1van, Vgnome, Asifreza.good, Ethicalead, Manikumarpathivada, Fullypak, Noyster, Vinaykrishna2000, TheCrimsonLegacy, Tollyzoom, Marchoctober, JaconaFrere, Satteeshvarma, Gnyan1, RajtheEmperor, I Luv Cinema.Telugu, Filedelinkerbot, Vieque, Tharunu, Sai santhosh00, Sairam maganti, Mathsraja, Dakinibsm, Niranjantati, Responsible Common Man, SPANDAN MUKHERJEE, Maheshan 95, KH-1, Laxmanvensoft, Bewakoofian, Ngsplatform, Pushpakan, Bhishek, Praneeth Ramakrishna, Nirmalpraveen2, Aarmikd, Indianuserscom, Danice thrall, Neelbalam, Deionuur, Ungli, Sajeeth100, Karu121, Anthimpag, Chintavamsi, Gnganing, Prathyulive, Iliasaliahmad, ABCD7, Muzibur Rahman (FARHAN), Entrabagondhi, Thagavalvarle, Fygu, Luxpapa and Anonymous: 493 • Nandi Awards Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandi_Awards?oldid=670603753 Contributors: Mel Etitis, Woohookitty, Rjwilmsi, Gurubrahma, SmackBot, Hmains, Getramkumar, Jax184, Ajay ijn, Hariharan91, Arjun1591, Mlpkr, Shyamsunder, AndrewHowse, Cydebot, Universal Hero, AtticusX, JamesBWatson, Sodabottle, Wikiuserphil, Krzna, Excirial, Coccyx Bloccyx, XLinkBot, Airplaneman, GDibyendu, Addbot, Yobot, Materialscientist, LilHelpa, GrouchoBot, MerlLinkBot, GainLine, Hariehkr, Kurri, DRAGON BOOSTER, Vensatry, Nagarjuna198, Kaverijha23, Veera828, Helpful Pixie Bot, DBigXray, SidhardhRamesh, BG19bot, Wikileaks23, Vamshi49, Hiteccity, BattyBot, Rhsiddartha, Vandevord, HariharBrahma, Murrallli, Evano1van, 7Sidz, Arabindu, Bhishek, Anthimpag, Simha harsha, CrazyStar007 and Anonymous: 36

2.9.2

Images

• File:A.Nageswara_Rao.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/A.Nageswara_Rao.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: Pesum Padam, May 1951 (Tamil Monthly, Chennai, India) Original artist: Unknown • File:Bhakta_Prahlada_1931.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Bhakta_Prahlada_1931.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: Scan of origional Original artist: Unknown • File:Chiranjeevi_at_Amitabh_Bachchan’{}s_70th_birthday_celebration_(cropped).jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/ wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Chiranjeevi_at_Amitabh_Bachchan%27s_70th_birthday_celebration_%28cropped%29.jpg License: CC BY 3.0 Contributors: http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/more/photos/view/stills/parties-and-events/id/1574606 Original artist: http://www.bollywoodhungama.com • File:Chittor_V._Nagaiah.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f6/Chittor_V._Nagaiah.jpg License: Fair use Contributors: ? Original artist: ? • File:Commons-logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? Contributors: ? Original artist: ? • File:Emaar.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Emaar.jpg License: CC-BY-SA-3.0 Contributors: Transferred from en.wikipedia by SreeBot Original artist: Cephas 405 at en.wikipedia • File:Indiafilm.png Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Indiafilm.png License: LGPL Contributors: Modification of work from Commons, based on Her Pegship's image Danishfilm.png which in turn is a combination of Image:Nuvola apps aktion.png and Image:Flag of Denmark.svg Original artist: Hans Hommens (original author unknown to me)

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CHAPTER 2. NANDI AWARDS

• File:Indiafilm.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Indiafilm.svg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Binnette • File:Prasads2.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Prasads2.jpg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Transferred from en.wikipedia Original artist: Mohan Krishnan (talk) • File:Ramojifilmcity_hyderabad.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Ramojifilmcity_hyderabad.jpg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Transferred from en.wikipedia; transferred to Commons by User:Cephas_405 using CommonsHelper. Original artist: Original uploader was Cephas 405 at en.wikipedia • File:S._P._Balasubrahmanyam.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/S._P._Balasubrahmanyam.jpg License: CC0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Robertbrnstn

2.9.3

Content license

• Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0