TeklaStructure for Dummies

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

TEKLASTRUCTURE V 10.0 BASIC TRAINING MANUAL

Email

: rdheng @gmail.com

---BASIC--1 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] This section presents basic Tekla Structures vocabulary and concepts so that you can start modeling. For additional definitions of terms, see the Glossary. The illustration below shows the modeling guides you use in Tekla Structures windows.

View: To see your Tekla Structures model from virtually any angle, you can move and rotate the model. See Examining the model. You can also create views. A view is a representation of a model from a specific location. Each view is displayed in its own window inside the Tekla Structures window. Coordinate system The green cube in a model view represents the global coordinate system and lies at the global point of origin. In Tekla Structures, both the global and local coordinate systems are cartesian, with three axes (x, y, and z) perpendicular to each other. Work plane The red coordinate arrow symbol indicates the work plane, which is the current local coordinate system of the model. The arrow symbol shows the xy plane. The z direction follows the right-hand rule. You can reset the work plane so as to ease modeling and placing objects. Most of the commands, which are dependent on the coordinate system, use work plane coordinates; e.g. creating points, part positioning, and copying always comply with the work plane coordinate system. The work plane is the same in all views. Work area Tekla Structures indicates the work area of a view using green, dashed lines. Defining the work area makes it faster and easier to work with the model. Objects outside the work area still exist, but they are not visible. So you can confine to a substructure, for example, and the views to the model are simpler and quickly updated.

2 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Grid and view plane Cyan dash-and-dot lines show the projections of the grids which are visible on the view plane. The appearance of points also shows which view plane you are using. Points located in the view plane are yellow. Points outside the view plane are red. Opening a model To open an Tekla Structures model: 1. Click File > Open... or . You can only have one model open at a time. If you already have a model open, Tekla Structures prompts you to save that model. 2. Select the model from the Model directories list on the right of the Open model dialog box. 3. Click OK to open the model. Use the Directories list on the left of the Open model dialog box and the following techniques to browse files and folders above and below the current folder: One dot at the end of an entry indicates the current folder. To move up, double-click an entry followed by two dots. To move down, double-click the desired entry. Enter directory paths in the Filter field and click the Filter button. Creating a ne w model When you first open Tekla Structures, only the New model and Open icons are active. To create a new Tekla Structures model: 1. Click File > New... or . The New model dialog box appears. You can only have one model open at a time. If you already have a model open, Tekla Structures prompts you to save that model. 2. In the New model dialog box, click after the path, for example C:\ Tekla Structures_Models, in the field at the bottom of the dialog box. Then type \ and the model name in the field. 3. Select the Create default view and grid checkbox if you want Tekla Structures to automatically create a grid and a view using the standard properties. See Working with grids. 4. Click OK to create the new model. The remaining icons become active and the model name appears in the title bar of the Tekla Structures window. The Directories list and the Filter field and button in the New model dialog box work in a similar way to those in the Open model dialog box. See Opening a model. Project setup Update the project information at the beginning of a project to make reports and drawings to display the correct information automatically. To update the project information, click Properties > Project.... The Projectdialog box appears. Tekla Structures displays this information in different reports and drawing titles.

3 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

---MODELING--Toolbar The toolbars contain icons which give easy access to some of the most frequently- used commands. Most of the Tekla Structures icons work as follows: • A single-click executes the command. • A double-click displays the properties dialog box of the object type, and executes the command. Basic Tool bar

The commands on the Standard toolbar are: • Create a new model • Open an existing model • Save the current model • Plot • Create a report • Open the drawing list • Wizard • Publish as Web page

4 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Edit The Edit toolbar contains commands for copying and moving.

• • • • • •

Copy and translate Copy and rotate Copy and mirror Move and translate Move and rotate Move and mirror

View The View toolbar contains commands for creating views and setting the work area and work plane.

The following commands can be initiated from the View toolbar: • Create a new basic view • Create a view with three points • Create a view with two point • Open the list of named views • Pick work area • Fit work area by parts in selected views • Fit work area in selected views • Set work plane to view plane • Set work plane by three points • Set work plane to part top • Set work plane to part front plane Points The Points toolbar contains commands for creating points and construction objects you can use to place structural objects in a model.

• • • • • • • •

Create a grid Create a point array Create an extension point Create a line- line intersection point Create a projection point Create parallel points Divide a line Create arc points 5 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] • • • • • • • • • • •

Create an arc by three points Create a tangent point Create a plane-line intersection point Create part-line intersection points Create circle- line intersection points Create an axis intersection point Create a point to any position Create a user-defined plane Create a construction line Create a construction circle Create a construction circle by three points

Steel part The Steel toolbar contains commands for creating steel beams, columns, and pla tes.

• • • • • • • • • •

Create a beam Create a column Create a curved beam Create a polybeam Create an orthogonal beam Create a twin profile Create a contour plate Create bolts Create a weld Create a reference object

Detailing/Cutting part or object The Detailing toolbar contains commands for trimming parts.

• • • •

Create a fitting Create a line cut Create a part cut Create a polygon cut

Tools The commands on the Tools toolbar help you model.

6 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] • • • • • • •

Create an x measure Create a y measure Create a free measure Create an angle measure Create a bolt measure Open the model folder Inquire an object

Components

• • • • • •

Create the current connection Display the AutoConnection dialog box Open the component catalog Previous Next Toolbar number

XSnap

To make it easier to snap to points and position, you can use Xsnap and have Tekla Structures display visual cues when you pick. On the Setup menu, click Xsnap, or use the shortcut T. The cursor turns into a magenta crosshair. As you move the cursor over objects,you can see it snap to positions. Snap switches specify exact locations on objects, for example, end points, midpoints, and intersections. Snap switches help you to pick points to position objects precisely without having to know the coordinates or create additional lines or points. You can use snap switches any time Tekla Structures prompts you to specify a point, for example, if you are creating a beam. Main snap switches The two main snap switches illustrated in the following table define whether you can pick reference points or any other points on objects, e.g. part corners. These switches have the highest priority. If both these witches are off, you cannot pick any positions, even if all the other switches are on.

7 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Measure Use the Measure tool to measure angles, the distance between two points and between bolts. All measurements are temporary. Click Measure to access the following options. Remember to follow the prompts on the status bar. The steps for each option are listed below the table.

Options Use Options to set various default values for numbering, coefficients, profile names and connections. To open the Options dialog box, click Setup > Options....

8 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Numbering This section explains how to change numbering settings and apply numbering in Tekla Structures. Topics: 1. Numbering settings 2. Numbering example 3. Applying numbering

9 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Numbering example This example explains how different numbering settings result in different part numbers when you modify a part. 1. Create three identical beams with the numbering series prefix P and start number 1. 2. Number the model. All the beams have the part position number P1. 3. Modify one of the beams. 4. Number the model. You should now have two beams P1 and one P2. 5. Change beam P2 to be identical to the others. 6. Number the model. Tekla Structures assigns different part position numbers to this part, according to which numbering settings you used, as follows: Compare to old: P1 Keep number if possible: P2 Take new number: P3 Applying numbering When you apply numbering, Tekla Structures assigns marks to parts and assemblies. Numbering is carried out according to the settings in the Numbering setup dialog box (see Numbering settings). Pop-marking Pop-marking for NC files also affects numbering. When pop- marking is active (pop- marks), Tekla Structures will assign different numbers to identical parts if they have different pop marks. Example Two main parts in different assemblies are identical, apart from a difference in the position of the plates welded to them. In this case, Tekla Structures assigns them different numbers. Interrupt numbering You can safely interrupt numbering before it is complete by clicking Cancel in the dialog box Tekla Structures displays while it is running. If you interrupt numbering, parts and assemblies retain their original numbers. Tools > Numbering > Modified Synopsis This command assigns position numbers to parts and assemblies modified after the last numbering session. Preconditions Description When you modify a model, Tekla Structures keeps a list of the parts that have been modified or created since numbering was last carried out. If you use this command, Tekla Structures numbers all the parts and assemblies modified since numbering was last carried out. Parts that were numbered previously and have not been modified are not renumbered. Tools > Numbering > Full Synopsis This command assigns marks to all parts and assemblies. Preconditions Description When you use this command, Tekla Structures checks all the parts and assemblies in the model, even if they have not been modified. Parts and assemblies keep their existing numbers if they have not been changed. Applying this option takes longer than numbering modified parts only. You should always use this option when you have changed numbering 10 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] settings. It is also useful when you want to make sure that Tekla Structures checks the numbering of all parts and assemblies.

--DRAWING--Drawings integrated into the model Tekla Structures integrates the drawings and reports with the model. This means that, for example, dimensions and marks in drawings are always correct. It also makes it impossible to delete parts and bolts from drawings. However, you can filter out parts and bolts in drawings, or make them invisible. You can create drawings and reports at any stage of the project. If the model changes, Tekla Structures asks you to update the related drawings. You can only open up-to-date drawings. Tekla Structures indicates which drawings you need to update in the Drawings dialog box. See Drawing list and Drawing status flags. If the drawings are not frozen, updating drawings deletes all drawing level modifications (additional dimensions, text, etc.) from single-part, assembly, and cast-unit drawings. See Locking and freezing drawings). In most other cases drawing modifications are permanent and are updated automatically.

Snap

Select switches and Snap settings are special toolbars containing switches which you can use to control which objects can be selected, and how Tekla Structures snaps to points. Use select switches to limit which object types can be selected. For example, if only the Select marks switch is active, Tekla Structures only selects marks, even if you select the entire drawing area. For more information, see Selecting drawing objects.

11 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Standard

The Standard toolbar is visible by default. It contains basic commands for saving, printing, and working with drawings. All commands are listed from left to right of the toolbar. Edit The Edit toolbar contains commands for trimming and cutting drawing objects.

View The View toolbar contains commands for creating views and zooming.

Dimension Use the Dimension toolbar to edit dimensions.

Text Add text and symbols to drawings using the Text toolbar.

12 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Drawing Use the Drawing toolbar to create additional drawing objects.

Creating drawings Once you complete a model, you can start creating drawings to issue. You should also create drawings (and reports) periodically while modeling to check if: The predefined drawing properties and filters suit your needs, or should you modify them The details, dimensions, etc. in the model are correct. Topics L The drawing is locked. Locking and freezing drawings F The drawing is frozen. D A linked drawing has been modified. * A drawing gets an * flag in four cases: A copied drawing has been modified. The drawing is a cloned drawing. A frozen drawing has been updated. A drawing flagged n has been updated, and there are still other parts relevant to the drawing in the model. Prior to creating or editing assembly, single-part, cast-unit, or multi-drawings, you need to number the model. This is so that Tekla tructures connects the right objects to the right drawings. Tekla Structures warns you that numbering must be up to date. Before creating drawings Prior to creating assembly, single-part, cast-unit, or multi-drawings in Tekla Structures: 1. Update the numbering of model objects. See Numbering parts and Numbering settings. 2. Create test drawings of different types of parts to see how well the predefined drawing properties and layouts suit your needs. 3. Modify drawing properties and layouts if necessary and save them. Enter a name for the properties file and click Save as. Setting drawing properties Tekla Structures creates drawings using the properties defined for each type of drawing. To view or modify drawing properties, select a drawing type from the Properties menu in the Model Editor. You can also change drawing layout using the Properties menu. Locking and freezing drawings You can lock and freeze them so that they are not accidentally modified. Locking Locking prevents the drawings from being opened, updated, cloned, deleted, or modified, even if the model changes. Tekla Structures flags locked drawings for update (P or N) if the model changes. See also Drawing status flags. 13 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Freezing Freeze a drawing when you want to keep manual editing (such as additional marks and dimensions) in the drawing even if the model changes. When Tekla Structures updates a frozen drawing, it updates only the image of the member. Nothing else (dimensions, part marks, etc.) is changed. Saving and closing drawings To save a drawing, click File > Save, or . Autosave Tekla Structures automatically saves drawings at set intervals. For information on how to define the location of autosave files and set their location see Autosave. Close drawing To close a drawing, close the drawing window, or click File > Close drawing. A confirmation dialog box appears Tekla Structures prompts you save the drawing. Table layouts Tables and templates In Tekla Structures, we use the term tables to refer to various elements of the drawing layout, such as: Tables (e.g. revision table) Title blocks Lists (e.g. part and bolt lists) General notes Key plans DWG/DXF files Tables include information on drawing objects. If you change the model, Tekla Structures updates the contents of the affected drawings and tables. Table layout A table layout is a group of tables which appear together in a drawing of certain type and size. Table layouts define: Which tables appear Where the tables are located How much space Tekla Structures leaves between the drawing frame and views The example below illustrates the relationship between the table layout and drawing views. The drawing views are blue, and the elements of table layout are red.

14 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Table layout You define the location of each individual table in a table layout by binding it to the drawing frame, or to an other table. Example In the illustration below, the lower right corner of the drawing title (the table) is bound to the lower right corner of the drawing frame (the reference object).

15 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Setting up a print device Tekla Structures uses Windows drivers to write the print data directly to the Windows print device interface. There are two stages to setting up a print device in Tekla Structures. Firstly you need to add printer aliases to the plotter catalog. By default several printer aliases are already defined. Secondly, you need point these printer aliases to a specific Windows printer, either attached directly to your system, or available via a network. You will define the majority of print settings when you set up the print device.

Creating reports

16 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

17 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] SAMPLE PROJECT Dibawah ini, akan diberikan step by step penggunaan Tekla structure untuk sebuah project piperack, telah didesign dan analysis dengan menggunakan STAADPro. Seperti terliat dibawah ini terlihat sebuah struktur piperack. Salah satu feature dari teklastructure adalah dapat mengimport model struktur yang ada pada STAADPro, sehingga proses detailing/shopdrawing berjalan lebih cepat.

1. Modelling Struktur Pilihlah icon TeklaStructure untuk memulai pekerjaan detailing seperti dibawah ini, kemudian pilih new model dan isikan nama filenya “PR-007”atau lainnya.

18 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Untuk fasilitas import akan dibahas tersendiri mengingat kepentingan dan scope latihan ini hanya untuk dasar-dasar penggunakan Teklastructure. Kemudian setelah tahap diatas selesai maka akan terlihat sebuah file Teklastruktur yang siap untuk dikerjakan.

Untuk memudahkan dalam memahami proses modeling maka akan dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian sebagai berikut: -

Pembuatan/set-up grid struktur atau as bangunan Membuat view dan save view Part: beam, column, plate bolt, cutting-line cut, welding Operasi copy-move-translate, mirror, rotate,

1.1. Grid set up. Grid struktur sangat berguna baik dalam proses shopdrawing maupun pada saat konstruksi. Dengan referensi gridlah struktur tersebut dibagun dan diluruskan. Pilihlah pada menu pointà Grids. Kemudian akan keluar window sebagai berikut ini. Isikanlah data – data strukturnya, baik arah horizontal (x dan y) maupun arah verikal (z). Kemudian juga nama-nama dari gridnya arah X A, B, C, D, F…, arah Y yaitu 1, 2, 3, 4…, kemudian juga arah Z atau elevasi EL0, EL5000, EL8000. Kemudian setelah selesai dapat pilih modify atau create. Untuk mempercepat proses modeling rubahlah view-render menjadi wireframe, dengan cara double click view pada view-type, pilih wireframe. Kemudian pilih modifyok. 19 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Kemudian dalam model akan terlihat seperti dibawah ini:

Menu

Toolbar

Grid

20 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] 1.2. Pembuatan View dan Save View. View sangat berguna dalam pemodelingan struktur. Pilihlah dari toolbar Create view by two point. Pada saat ini kita akan membuat view pada grid line A dan akan kita save dengan nama GLA. Kemudian pilihlah point pertama dan kedua. Usahakan sesuai dengan arah pandang yang umum di gunakan yaitu dari kanan ke kiri atau dari bawah ke atas. Arah pandang struktur.

Kemudian dbl clik view yang telah muncul. Isikanlah GLA pada input Name. Setelah itu pilih modify – ok.

Untuk pembuatan view lainnya dapat dilakukan seperti diatas. 1.3. Parts: Beam, Column, Bolt, Weld, Cut dan Line Cut Setelah kita dapat melalui dua tahapan diatas maka model tersebut telah siap untuk dimasukan object seperti diatas.

21 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] 1.3.1. Column. Column adalah object yang ada dalam xsteel mempunyai posisi vertical. Untuk memasukan column dalam dipilih pada toolbar “Create Column”. Kemudian isikanlah seperti di bawah ini.

Kemudian setelah diisikan semua maka pilih lah letak kolom tersebut pada Grid line A. Seperti tampak pada gambar dibawah ini.

Kemudian keluakanlah View GLA yang telah kita buat sebeluhnya. Untuk pembuatan beam akan lebih mudah pada view tersebut.

22 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] 1.3.2. Beam. Beam adalah object yang ada dalam xsteel biasanya mempunyai posisi datar / horizontal. Pilihlah pada toolbar seperti dibawah ini “create beam”.

Dbl klik toolbar beam “Create beam”. Kemudian isikan lah data-data seperti di bawah ini ( sama seperti pada kolom, tetapi kita tidak perlu ke tab position.

Setelah ini pilih apply-ok. Kemudia pilih titik pertama dan kedua seperti dibawah ini. Untuk beam yang kedua. Biasa di lakukan dengan proses penggandaan yang akan dibahas kemudian.

Titik pertama

Titik Kedua

23 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Dalam pembuatan beam usahakan titik pertama ada pada di sebelah bawah-kiri dari titik ke dua. Dan begitu seterusnya untuk beam-beam lainnya. Setelah beam dan kolom sudah berada alam model, tahap selanjutnya adalah pembuatan detail sambungan antara kolom dan beam. Dalam tahap ini memerlukan bolt, plate, cut dan welding seperti yang akan dibahas di bawah ini. 1.3.3. Bolt, plate, cut dan welding Dalam pembuatan plate ada dua cara yaitu dengan beam properties dan contour plate. Untuk tahap ini kita gunakan dulu dengan beam properties, caranya sama dengan proses pembuatan beam tetapi isilah untuk profile PL16*200 seperti terlihat dibawah ini.

End Plate

Haunced

Buat lah seperti digambar diatas plate dan haunced. Untuk bantuan titik-titik dapat di gunakan yang terdapat pada toolbar. Seperti tampak di bawah ini.

24 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Sedang untuk bolt dapat dipilih pada toolbar steel. Dbl klik lah kemudian isikanlah data – data jarak baut, grade, tolerance, dan diameter baut. Seperti terlihat dibawah ini.

Setelah itu pilih apply—ok. Pilihlah part yang akan dibaut yaitu plate dan column flange. Setelah itu tekan middle button mouse, kemudian titik pertama dan kedua, sebagai sumbu x dan y. Sumbu x adalah searah dengan titik 1 dan 2 sdang sumbu y adalah yang tegak lurus dari sumbu ½ atau x.

Bolt pada end plate dan column flange

25 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected] Jika ingin melihat rendered strukturnya dapat dilakukan dengan cara pilih bolt kemudian clik kanan – pilih view – basic view, seperti terlihat dibawah ini.

Welding simbol

Untuk welding dapat dilakukan dengan cara pilih create weld toolbar. Kemudian pilih mainpart setelah itu secondary part. Harus diperhatikan disini bahwa yang dipilih dahulu pada setiap operasi weld adalah mainpartnya . Setelah tahap ini maka detail sambungan antara kolom dan beam sudah selesai dan dapat dilanjutkan pada tahap berikutnya yaitu cara menggandakan dan memindah object dalam model. 1.3.4. Copy dan Move. Dalam operasi penggandaan dan memindahkan object dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai macam yaitu translate, mirror, rotate, move by three points dan sebagainya. Sebagai contoh, pada detail sambungan diatas diasumsikan bahwa pada kedua ujung beam tersebut mempunyai detail sambungan yang sama, sehingga kita tidak perlu membuat ulang detail tersebut. Cukup dengan mengcopy-mirror seluruh object à bolt, end plate, weld dan cut. Untuk memilh object dalam tekla dapat dengan dua cara yaitu dengan pick satu-satu atau dengan cara drag mouse. Cara kedua lebih cepat dari yang pertama dikarenakan kita dapat melakukan multiple pick object. Sebelum kita melakukan kopi mirror set lah dulu ucs pada view GLA. Pada model tekla dan pilihlah object yang akan dicopy-mirror kemudian click kanan pilih copy à mirror, setelah itu pilih line-mirror pada tengah-tengah gridline 1 -2 kemudian pilih copy kemudian ok.

26 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Kita tidak perlu isikan apapun dalam copy mirror. Sehingga hasil dari operasi tersebut dapat dilihat pada gambar dibawah ini.

Untuk beam yang lain dapat digandakan seperti operasi di atas.

Pada frame GLA sampai dengan GLE mempunyai persamaan frame sehingga dapat digandakan dengan cara copy translate. Caranya pilih semua object pada GLA kemudian click kanan pilih copy à translate. Isilah data-data seperti di bawah ini. Kemudia pilih copy – ok.

27 of 28

Tekla For Dummies [email protected]

Maka sampai disini struktur kita akan terlihat seperti diatas. Untuk tahap selanjutnya yaitu pembuatan longitudinal beam dapat dilakukan seperti langkah – langkah diatas, kemudian juga detail sambungan antara kolom bias dilakukan dengan cara seperti di atas sesuai dengan detail sambungan yand ada. Untuk tahap selanjutnya pembuatan detail sambungan akan menggunakan component yang disediakan oleh xsteel. Pertama buat lengkaplah semua longitudinal beam, V brace dan H brace yang ada seperti cara diatas. Maka model xsteel akan terlihat seperti dibawah ini:

28 of 28