Técnicas de Conteo

 

Píakmafs `i agktig2 Zireutfamgkis y agehmkfamgkis. Dfss tíak Df tíakma mafs fs `i ag agkt ktig ig sgk sgk is istr trft ftil ilmf mfss efti eftieæ eætm tmaf afss us usf` f`fs fs ik pr prgh ghfh fhmd mdm` m`f` f` y istf`åstmaf qui piremtik `itiremkfr id kòeirg tgtfd `i risudtf`gs qui pui`i nfhir f  pfrtmr `i nfair agehmkfamgkis `iktrg `i uk agkbuktg g agkbuktgs `i ghbitgs. Isti tmpg `i tíakmafs si utmdmzfk aufk`g is præatmafeikti mepgsmhdi g `iefsmf`g pisf`g nfair  `i ogref efkufd agehmkfamgkis `i `moiriktis idieiktgs y sfhir auæktfs `i iddfs sgk  pgsmhdis. Dfs prmkampfdis tíakmafs `i agktig sgk dfs smlumiktis amkag 2

6. Zrmkam Zrmkampmg pmg eudtmp eudtmpdmaft dmaftmvg mvg 8. Zrm Zrmkam kampmg pmg f`m f`mtmv tmvg g 1. Zir Zireut eutfam famgkis gkis 0. Zireut Zireutfamgki famgkiss aagk gk ri ripitma pitmamñk mñk 9. Age Agehmk hmkfam famgki gkiss

·Vuí is df oukamñk Ofatgrmfd7 Df oukamñk ofatgrmfd is ukf oñreudf eftieætmaf riprisiktf`f pgr id smlkg `i ixadfefamñk —!―. Ik df oñreudf Ofatgrmfd si `ihik eudtmpdmafr tg`gs dgs kòeirgs iktirgs y pgsmtmvgs qui nfy iktri id kòeirg qui fpfriai ik df oñreudf y id kòeirg 6. Is euy oæamd, fquå tmikis uk ibiepdg2 * = * 6: 5 1.?8>.>::  Kg ghstfkti, si nf fagr`f`g qui qui ik id afsg `i : ofatgrmfd id risudtf` risudtf`g g siræ mlufd f 62

:! 5 : x : 5 6 Ykf pireutfamñk `i uk agkb agkbuk uktg tg `i id idie ieik iktg tgs, s, is uk ukff `msp `mspgs gsma mamñ mñk k `i `man `mangs gs agkb kbuk uktg tg `i idieiktgs tikm tikmik ik`g `g ik au auik iktf tf id gr gr`i `ik k. Yk Ykff agehmkfamñk `i uk ag idieiktgs, is ukf sidiaamñk `i `mangs idieiktgs smk tikir ik auiktf id gr`ik. Df `moirikamf iktri pireutfamgkis y agehmkfamgkis, is qui ik dfs pireutfamgkis mepgrtf id gr`ik `i dgs idieiktgs, emiktrfs qui ik dfs agehmkfamgkis kg mepgrtf id gr`ik ik qui si `mspgkik dgs idieiktgs (sgdg mepgrtf su prisikamf).

_ifegs fdlukgs agkaiptgs f`mamgkfdis, ibiepdgs y ibiramamgs risuidtgs.

Zireutfamgkis Ykf pireutfamñk `i uk agkbuktg `i idieiktgs, is ukf `mspgsmamñk `i `mangs idieiktgs tikmik`g ik auiktf id gr`ik. Id kòeirg `i pireutfamgkis `i —k― idieiktgs tgef`gs `i —c― ik —c― si afdaudf agk df oñreudf2

 Ibiepdg 62 62 I`ufr`g, Afrdgs y Qirlmg si nfk prisiktf`g f uk agkaursg `i pmkturf. Id agkaursg gtgrlf $8:: fd prmeir dulfr y $6:: fd siluk`g. ·@i auæktfs ogrefs si pui`ik ripfrtmr dgs priemgs `i prmeir y siluk`g dulfr7

 

Qgduamñk2

Ik isti afsg, sm mepgrtf id gr`ik, yf qui kg is dg emseg qui`fr ik prmeir dulfr qui ik siluk`g, f`ieæs, dgs priemgs sgk `moiriktis. Zgr ibiepdg, uk frrildg g `mspgsmamñk, is qui Afrdgs gaupi id prmeir dulfr y Qirlmg id siluk`g. Gtrg frrildg, siråf qui Qirlmg gaupi id prmeir dulfr y I`ufr`g id siluk`g. Id kòeirg tgtfd `i frrildgs g ogrefs dg afdaudfegs agk df oñreudf2

Agehmkfamgkis Ykf agehmkfamñk `i uk agkbuktg `i idieiktgs, is ukf sidiaamñk `i `mangs idieiktgs smk tikir ik auiktf id gr`ik. Id kòeirg `i agehmkfamgkis `i —k― idieiktgs tgef`gs `i —c― ik —c― si afdaudf agk df oñreudf2

Ibiepdg 82 Yk anio vf f pripfrfr ukf iksfdf`f `i vir`urfs agk tgefti, zfkfngrmf, pfpf y hrñagdm. ·@i auæktfs ogrefs si pui`i pripfrfr df iksfdf`f usfk`g sgdg 8 mklri`miktis7 Qgduamñk2

Ik isti afsg, kg mepgrtf id gr`ik ik qui si tgeik dgs mklri`miktis pfrf df iksfdf`f,  puis `f mlufd sm is ukf ukf iksfdf`f `i tgefti agk zfkfngrmf, qui qui ukf iksfdf`f `i zfkfngrmf agk tgefti, yf qui fd omkfd, id anio eizadfræ dgs `gs mklri`miktis.

 

Yk frrildg pg`råf sir zfkfngrmf y tgefti, gtrg frrildg pg`råf sir tgefti y pfpf, gtrg frrildg pg`råf sir pfpf y hrñagdm. Id prghdief kgs mk`maf qui sgdg si pui`ik usfr 8 mklri`miktis ik df iksfdf`f. Id kòeirg tgtfd `i frrildgs g ogrefs dg afdaudfegs agk df oñreudf2

Ibiepdg 12 Qi vf f prglrfefr uk tgrkig `i fbi`riz pfrf dgs 6: mktilrfktis `i uk aduh. ·Auæktgs  pfrtm`gs si `ihik prglrfefr sm af`f af`f mktilrfkti bulfræ agk af`f ukg `i dgs `ieæs smk  pfrtm`gs `i rivfkanf7 Qgduamñk2

Ik isti tgrkig si vfk f rifdmzfr pfrtm`fs `i fbi`riz ik af`f ukf `i dfs aufdis  pfrtmampfk 8 bulf`gris. Zgr iddg, kiaismtfegs gr`ikfemiktgs `i 8 ik 8, is `iamr, c 5 8. F`ieæs, ik istgs gr`ikfemiktgs pfrtmampfræk dgs 6: bulf`gris, pgr isg, k 5 6:. Ik isti afsg, kg mepgrtf id gr`ik, yf qui sgdg kiaismtfegs flrupfr dgs bulf`gris, is mlufd qui builui Bgrli agktrf Afrdgs, qui Afrdgs agktrf Bgrli. F`ieæs, kg nfy pfrtm`g `i rivfkanf, is ukf sgdf pfrtm`f agk af`f agktrmkafkti.

 

Qi `ihik prglrfefr 09 pfrtm`gs.

Ibiepdg 02 Agksm`irf uk lrupg `i 6: istu`mfktis `i dgs aufdis 0 sgk eubiris y ? sgk ngehris. @i fauir`g agk isf mkogrefamñk, `itiremki2 f) Id kòeirg `i ogrefs ik qui si pui`i idilmr uk riprisiktfkti `id lrupg .  h) Id kòeirg `i ogrefs ik qui si pui`i pui`i idilmr uk agemtí `i 1 emiehrgs, `gk`i `gk`i fd eikgs ukg `i dgs emiehrgs sif eubir. Qgduamñk2

Ik isti afsg, kg kgs `maik qui id agemtí tmiki rfklgs, pgr dg tfktg, kg mepgrtf id gr`ik. Fpdmafriegs df oñreudf `i agehmkfamgkis. f) Id kòeirg `i ogrefs ik qui si pui`i idilmr uk riprisiktfkti `id lrupg . @i uk tgtfd `i 6: emiehrgs, idilmriegs f ukg2

 

 h) Id kòeirg `i ogrefs ik qui si pui`i pui`i idilmr uk agemtí `i 1 emiehrgs, `gk`i `gk`i fd eikgs ukg `i dgs emiehrgs sif eubir. Fd eikgs ukg `i dgs 1 emiehrgs tmiki qui sir eubir. Isg smlkmomaf qui id agemtí  pui`i istfr ogref`g pgr 6, 8 g 1 eubiris.  ‑ Qm id agemtí istæ ogreftg pgr 6 eubir, eubir, smlkmomaf qui `i dfs 0 eubiris sidiaamgkfriegs ukf, y `i dgs ? ngehris sidiaamgkfriegs 8.

 ‑ Qm id agemtí istæ ogreftg pgr 8 eubir, eubir, smlkmomaf qui `i dfs 0 eubiris sidiaamgkfriegs 8, y `i dgs ? ngehris sidiaamgkfriegs 6.

 ‑ Qm id agemtí istæ ogreftg pgr 1 eubiris, eubiris, smlkmomaf qui `i dfs 0 eubiris sidiaamgkfriegs 1, y `i dgs ? ngehris kg sidiaamgkfriegs f kmklukg.

Ik tgtfd, tikiegs2