Taller de VPN y TIR

 

FUHYLUHCV ^\L MC YHLMLM LM F\LMYN L@ ZN@CU IL@ IHMLUC N YUNZÈV IL@ YHLB[C [LUÂCIC IL ULF\[LUNFHÖM IL @N HMZLUVHÖM  L` plrâcic il rlfuplrnfhöm ls l` mñblrc il nþcs qul sl  rlquhlrl pnrn rlfuplrnr l` ilslbec`sc hmhfhn` il fnphtn`  scerl um prcylftc.  La [rcylftcs  Nþc N E F ; -$ >,,, >,6 >, >,6;; 6;%

Fcmf`ushöm1 @n YHU il um j`uac il fnan sl cethlml funmic l` Z[M ls houn` n flrc.

FUHYLUHCV FCM ULHMZLUVHÖM1 lm lstcs frhtlrh frhtlrhcs, cs, `ns sn`hins sn`hins il` il` j`uac j`uac il fnan c jcmics s rlhmvhlrtlm n `n tnsn il cpcrtumhini il` hmvlrshcmhstn. Vl thlmlm `cs shouhlmtls frhtlrhcs

ZN@CU J\Y\UC IL @CV J@\ACV IL FNAN Lstl frhtlrhc frhtlrhc sl juminblmtn juminblmtn lm l` glfgc il qul sh fnin n`tlrmnthvn n`tlrmnthvn c prcylftc prcylftc ihspcml il `c rlfurscs hmhfhn`ls, nqul``n c nqul` qul n` tèrbhmc il` fhf`c lfcmöbhfc il nmî`hshs ihspcmon

 

rlfurscs ls, hmihsfuthe`lblmtl, `n blacr n`tlrmnthvn c prcylftc. Ilmtrc il lstn pc`âthfn pc`âthfn tcic rlfursc rlfursc qul tlmon c rlfhen `n cronmhznfh cronmhznfhöm, öm, sl rlhmvlrthrî rlhmvlrthrî lm um prcblihc il `n cronmhznfhöm n `n YHC il `n bhsbn. @n bnmlrn bnmlrn il iltlrbhmnr iltlrbhmnr `n jnftheh`h jnftheh`hini ini il umn umn n`tlrmnthvn n`tlrmnthvn ls fcbpnrnr`n fcbpnrnr`n fcmtrn `n `n "N`tlrmnth "N`tlrmnth qul fcmshstl fcmshstl lm ``lvnr ``lvnr n vn`cr vn`cr juturc juturc tcics `cs `cs rlfurscs rlfurscs ihspcmhe`ls ihspcmhe`ls il `n n`tlrmnthv n`tlrmnthvn n il bny `n rln`hznfhöm il` prcylftc. [nscs pnrn lvn`unr n`tlrmnthvns1 >. Fî`fu`c il` ZJJF il `n n`tlrmnthvn mu`n. 5. Fî`fu`c Fî`fu`c il` ZJJF il il fnin n`tlrmnt n`tlrmnthvn, hvn, ``lvnmic ``lvnmic n ZJ tcics tcics `cs hmorlscs hmorlscs mltcs y `cs ihmlr il fnin n`tlrmnthvn fcm rlsplftc n `n il bnycr hmvlrshöm. 6. L` prcylftc ls jnfthe`l funmic ZJJF(N`t. W) =ZJJF( N`t. Mu`n) 9. Lstl bètcic bl plrbhtl iltlrbhmnr `n jnftheh`hini il fnin n`tlrmnthvn hmihvhiun`blmtl y n `n blacr il `ns qul sl thlmlm lm fcbpnrnfhöm.

YNVN IL FULFHBHLMYC IL@ [NYUHBCMHC - YF[

YNVN IL ULYCUMC NA\ ZLUINILUN YNVN IL U

Fcmshstl Fcmshst l lm fn`fu`n fn`fu`nrr `n jnftheh jnftheh`hi `hini ni il` prcylf prcylftc tc pcr blihc blihc il pcrfl pcrflmtna mtnal l ``lvnmic ``lvnmic n vn`cr vn`cr jut jut hmorlsc hmor lscss shm pnrthr pnrthr il `n ensl ensl il houn`i houn`ini ni il rlfursc rlfurscs, s, pnrn pnrn iltlrbhm iltlrbhmnr nr l` rhtbc rhtbc il frlfh frlfhbhl bhl hmvlrshöm, l` fun` ilel slr bnycr qul `n YHC il `n cronmhznfhöm. Vl ilmcbhmn tnbehèm tnbehèm "Ynsn il rltcrmc rltcrmc bcihjhfnin" bcihjhfnin" "Ynsn il rltcrmc rltcrmc naustnin" naustnin" c "Zlrinilr [nscs pnrn lvn`unr n`tlrmnthvns1 >. \s \snm nmic ic `n YHC il` hmvl hmvlrs rshc hcmh mhst stn, n, sl fn`f fn`fu` u`n n l` l` Zn` Zn`cr cr Jutur Juturc c Bci Bcihjhjhf hfnic nic-- ZJB ZJB il fn fnin in n` n`tl tl n vn`cr juturc, tcics `cs hmorlscs mltcs, shm hmf`uhr l` ihmlrc mc uth`hznic. 5. Fn`fu`c il` Zn`cr [rlslmtl il `n hmvlrshöm. 6. Fî`fu`c il `n YF[ blihnmtl `n jörbu`n1 YF[ 2

(ZJB / Z[.Hmv.)](>/M)->

9. @n n`tlrmnthvn slrî jnfthe`l sh `n YF[ = YHC

 

UL@NFHÖM ELMLJHFHC FCVYC1 ls `n rl`nfhöm c fcfhlmtl lmtrl l` Z[H y l` Z[L UEF 2 Z[H / Z[L

=>

[rcylftc jnfthe`l.

FUHYLU HCV FCM ULH ULHMZL MZLUVH UVH M1 lm lstcs frhtlrh frhtlrhcs, cs, `ns sn`hins sn`hins il` il` j`uac j`uac il fnan c jcmics s FUHYLUHCV rlhmvhlrtlm n `n tnsn il cpcrtumhini il` hmvlrshcmhstn. Vl thlmlm `cs shouhlmtls frhtlrhcs

ZN@CU J\Y\UC IL @CV J@\ACV IL FNAN Lstl frhtlrhc frhtlrhc sl juminblmtn juminblmtn lm l` glfgc il qul sh fnin n`tlrmnthvn n`tlrmnthvn c prcylftc prcylftc ihspcml il `c rlfurscs hmhfhn`ls, nqul``n c nqul` qul n` tèrbhmc il` fhf`c lfcmöbhfc il nmî`hshs ihspcmon rlfurscs ls, hmihsfuthe`lblmtl, `n blacr n`tlrmnthvn c prcylftc. Ilmtrc il lstn pc`âthfn pc`âthfn tcic rlfursc rlfursc qul tlmon c rlfhen `n cronmhznfh cronmhznfhöm, öm, sl rlhmvlrthrî rlhmvlrthrî lm um prcblihc il `n cronmhznfhöm n `n YHC il `n bhsbn. @n bnmlrn bnmlrn il iltlrbhmnr iltlrbhmnr `n jnftheh`h jnftheh`hini ini il umn umn n`tlrmnthvn n`tlrmnthvn ls fcbpnrnr`n fcbpnrnr`n fcmtrn `n `n "N`tlrmnth "N`tlrmnth qul fcmshstl fcmshstl lm ``lvnr ``lvnr n vn`cr vn`cr juturc juturc tcics `cs `cs rlfurscs rlfurscs ihspcmhe`ls ihspcmhe`ls il `n n`tlrmnthv n`tlrmnthvn n il bny `n rln`hznfhöm il` prcylftc. [nscs pnrn lvn`unr n`tlrmnthvns1 >. Fî`fu`c il` ZJJF il `n n`tlrmnthvn mu`n. 5. Fî`fu`c Fî`fu`c il` ZJJF il il fnin n`tlrmnt n`tlrmnthvn, hvn, ``lvnmic ``lvnmic n ZJ tcics tcics `cs hmorlscs hmorlscs mltcs y `cs ihmlr il fnin n`tlrmnthvn fcm rlsplftc n `n il bnycr hmvlrshöm. 6. L` prcylftc ls jnfthe`l funmic ZJJF(N`t. W) =ZJJF( N`t. Mu`n) 9. Lstl bètcic bl plrbhtl iltlrbhmnr `n jnftheh`hini il fnin n`tlrmnthvn hmihvhiun`blmtl y n `n blacr il `ns qul sl thlmlm lm fcbpnrnfhöm.

YNVN IL FULFHBHLMYC IL@ [NYUHBCMHC - YF[

YNVN IL ULYCUMC NA\ ZLUINILUN YNVN IL U

Fcmshstl Fcmshst l lm fn`fu`n fn`fu`nrr `n jnftheh jnftheh`hi `hini ni il` prcylf prcylftc tc pcr blihc blihc il pcrfl pcrflmtna mtnal l ``lvnmic ``lvnmic n vn`cr vn`cr jut jut hmorlsc hmor lscss shm pnrthr pnrthr il `n ensl ensl il houn`i houn`ini ni il rlfursc rlfurscs, s, pnrn pnrn iltlrbhm iltlrbhmnr nr l` rhtbc rhtbc il frlfh frlfhbhl bhl hmvlrshöm, l` fun` ilel slr bnycr qul `n YHC il `n cronmhznfhöm. Vl ilmcbhmn tnbehèm tnbehèm "Ynsn il rltcrmc rltcrmc bcihjhfnin" bcihjhfnin" "Ynsn il rltcrmc rltcrmc naustnin" naustnin" c "Zlrinilr [nscs pnrn lvn`unr n`tlrmnthvns1 >. \s \snm nmic ic `n YHC il` hmvl hmvlrs rshc hcmh mhst stn, n, sl fn`f fn`fu` u`n n l` l` Zn` Zn`cr cr Jutur Juturc c Bci Bcihjhjhf hfnic nic-- ZJB ZJB il fn fnin in n` n`tl tl n vn`cr juturc tcics `cs hmorlscs mltcs, shm hmf`uhr l` ihmlrc mc uth`hznic. 5. Fî`fu`c il` Zn`cr [rlslmtl il `n hmvlrshöm. 6. Fî`fu`c il `n YF[ blihnmtl `n jörbu`n1 YF[ 2

(ZJB / Z[.Hmv.)](>/M)->

9. @n n`tlrmnthvn slrî jnfthe`l sh `n YF[ = YHC

 

 

N) sl

rlscs usnmic

 

`n YHC il` n YHC il` lmtl il `cs

 

 

ltnrhc lm l` prcylftc.

M. Ls `n

r gnelr rlfhehic

` ihmlrc, rlfhehic

 

     

bc `n rlmtneh`hini cethlml houn`nmic pc`nrsl pnrn

l um prcylftc

 

ltnrhc lm l` prcylftc.

 

Lxprlsnic fcbc [crflmtnal ls `n YHU

 

l

bhsbcs l bnycrls

 

 

n nfthvhini

n mu`n" n`tlrmnthvn r hmvlrshöm, pnrn

s mc uth`hznics

 

   

 

`n vlz sl`lffhcmnr 

YNIN - Y\U YCUMC - ZYU

urc `cs j`uacs il tc il `n n tnsn il rltcrmc".

 

mnthvn, ``lvnmic

 

 

l

 

bhsbcs l bnycrls

n nfthvhini

n mu`n", n`tlrmnthvn r hmvlrshöm pnrn

s mc uth`hznics

 

   

 

`n vlz sl`lffhcmnr 

YNIN - Y\U YCUMC - ZYU

urc `cs j`uacs il tc il `n n tnsn il rltcrmc".

 

mnthvn, ``lvnmic

 

YN@@LU LZN@\FNFHÖM IL [UCXLFYCV [UCE@LBNV IL FUHYLUHCV IL ILFHVHÖM >. \m \m plqul plqulþc þc orup orupc c il fcmsu` fcmsu`tcr tcrls ls p prcp rcpcml cml nerhr nerhr u um m flmtr flmtrc c il fnpnfh fnpnfhtnf tnfhöm höm pnrn pnrn pcilr pcilr cjrlfl cjrlflrr lmtrl lmtrlmn mn lm l` usc il bhfrcfcbputnicrls. [rcylftn l` shouhlmtl j`uac il jcmics mltc, pnrn rln`hznr su prcylftc.  NÞC ; > 5 6 9

J@\AC MLYC Bh`ls il $ >;% -$,7>7,>7>.75 $>?7,8;;,;;; $>9?,7,568.:? $569,?:,>76,65;.7> $6:>,?;;,;;; $59?,;9 $5;5,787,?;8.>;

n) Fn`fu`l l` Z[M il` prcylftc sh s h `n tnsn il cpcrtumhini ljlfthvn nmun` ls houn` n` > $ ;.;; 59.77% >.9>

>.79

l) [cilbc [ci lbcss fcmf`uh fcmf`uhrr qul en enac ac `n ttnsn nsn il` il` >;;; >;; >;; ->;;; 5:9 5:9 ->;;; ; ; Fhjrns lm Bh`ls il \V$ fcmstnmtls ; -$>,;;;.;;

> $8;; 5:9 ;

6 $7:.67

E F

-$>,;;;.;; -$>,;;;.;;

>;%  N E F

; -$>,;;;.;; -$>,;;;.;; -$>,;;;.;;

$5.96 $;.;;

$568.9: $;.;;

$557.;< $;.;;

$8;.8> $59;.;; $;.;;

5 $75.:9 $5>7.>7 $;.;;

6 $?6 $>87.6< $;.;;

>

Fcbpnrl `cs prcylftcs sloñm `cs shouhlmtls frhtlrhcs1 n) Z[M, hcp 2 ;% f) YHU i) UEF, hcp 2 :.9? $ ;.;; >;.;% .55

n) Z[M(;%) f) YHU i) UEF(95.87 $ ;.?? >;.;% >.>9

;%

Lxp`hfnfhöm rlsu`tnic. [cilbcs [cilb cs fcmf`uhr fcmf`uhr qul enac enac `n tnsn il` il` ;;.;;; lm l` bcblmtc il fcbprn, plrc gnerî fcstcs nihfhcmn`ls il $66.666 nmun`ls, lm fnin umc il `cs < nþcs il cplrnfhöm il `n bîquhmn. @n \mhvlrshini \mhvlrshini fcmshilrn fcmshilrn qul `n tnsn tnsn il hmtlrès hmtlrès il cpcrtumhini cpcrtumhini ls il` >;%. >;%. ³ Ulfcbhlmin Ulfcbhlmin ustli ustli `n fcbp il `n bîquhmn blmcs fcstcsn3 ³[cr què3 Vc`ufhöm1  N`tlr. Blmcs fcstcsn  N`tlr. Bns fcstcsn J`uac hmfrlblmtn`

; ->,8;;,;;; -5,;;;,;;;

YHU 2

> 66,666 ;

5 66,666 ;

6 66,666 ;

Lrr1,5;;,;;;

>,>;;,;;;

Vl lsplrn qul `n mulvn p`nmtn snthsjnon n `n lbprlsn y cplrl iurnmtl < nþcs shm vn`cr il sn`vnblmtc. Vh thlml um fcstc il fnphtn` il` 57% mcbhmn` y `n hmj`nfhöm il` pnâs ls il` :,9%. Iljhmn l` frhtlrhc il ilfhshöm lstne`lzfn fuî` p`nm sl`lffhcmnr.

Vc`ufhöm1

Ynsn

@cs ngcrrcs rlprlslmtnr hmorlscs mltcs il` prcylftc [@NM >

; -5, >,5;;,;;;

5 >,5;;,;;;

6 >,5;;,;;;

5

-5,66;,;;;

>,>;;,;;;

>,>;;,;;;

>,>;;,;;;

hr 2

6:.>8%

[@NM > Z[M(;,5;) Z[M(; ,5;) YHU

$ >,;77,?6< >,;77,?6< = ; = YHC

[@NM > Z[M(;,5;) YHU

=; = YHC

Utn1 ;.;;; y, fcbc rlsu`tnic, olmlrn l` shouhlmtl j`uac il jcmics pnrn fnin umc il ` nþcs >-

5

6

Hmorlscs Fcstcs il prciuffhöm \th`hini Zn`cr il sn`vnblmtc Juac Mltc il fnan -Fcstc il hmvlrshöm J`uac il fnan Yctn`/ Mltc. n) Z[M(>;%) 2 e) YHU 2 f)  NÞCV Hmorlscs Fcstcs il prciuffhöm \th`hini +Zn`cr rlshiun`. +Frèihtc rlfhehic - [noc fuctn il frèihtc - [noc hmtlrlsls frèihtc Juac Mltc il fnan -Fcstc hmvlrshöm Yctn` J`uac il fnan Yctn`/ Mltc. i) Z[M(>;%) 2

 

l) j) YHU o)

2

7) L` prcphltnrhc il umn jhmfn fnjltlrn lstî ls tî fcmshilrnmic `n pcsheh`hini il fcmstruhr um elmljhfhnilrc il fnjè lm su jhmfn. Fcm lstl elmljhfhnilrc sl ngcrrnrân `cs fcstcs lm `cs qul thlml qul hmfurrhr pnrn ilsornmnr, `nvnr y slfnr l` fnjè julrn il su jhmfn. Lstcs fcstcs nsfhlmilm n $6.5;;.;;; n` nþc. Ynbehèm sl ngcrrnrân `cs fcstcs il trnmspcrtl il` fnjè qul nsfhlmilm n $9;;.;;; nmun`ls y lvhtnrân `cs rcecs pcr  ``lvnr l` fnjè n ctrn pnrtl, qul subnm $5;;.;;; lm prcblihc n` nþc. L` elmljhfhnilrc thlml um fcstc il $>>.; nþcs, n` fnec il `cs fun`ls mc thlml mhmoñm vn`cr. n) Vh YHC 2 57%, ³ilel fcmstruhr elmljhfhnilrc3 Gn``l l` Z[M. e) Vh YHC 2 69%, ³ilel fcmstruhr l` elmljhfhnilrc3 Gn``l l` Z[M f) Vupcmon ngcrn qul l` fnjhfu`tcr sc`c ihspcml il $?.;;;.;;;. @n fccplrnthvn il fnjltlrcs f njltlrcs nflptö fcmflilr`l l` prèstnbc pcr `cs $9.

5

6

5

6

Utn1 Utn1

;

2 2

>

Utn1 Utn1

8) \mn fcbpnþân il tl`èjcmcs lstî lvn`unmic `n pcsheh`hini il nbp`hnr su fcelrturn n umn zcmn n`lanin plrc buy hbpcrtnmtl. Lstc `l hbp`hfn umn hmvlrshöm lm `âmlns tl`ljömhfns, rlils y lquhpcs il $:;.;;;.;;;. [lrfhehrân hmorlscs nihfhcmn`ls pcr fcmflptc il `ns mulvns tnrhjns fcernins pcr vn`cr il $:.;;;.;;;, iurnmtl 5; nþcs. Fn`fu`l `n YHU y ihon enac fuî`ls fhrfumstnmfhns ls rlmtne`l lstl prcylftc. [LUHCIC

J@\AC Bh`ls $

; > 5 6 9

 

< : ? 7 8 >; >> >5 >6 >9 >< >: >? >7 >8 5;   YHU

2

Utn1 >;. \mn jîerhfn sl pulil fcbprnr lm `n subn il $>5.;;;.;;;, `n fun` prciufl >.7;; umhinils b blmsun`l lmsun`l

fhlrtc nrtâfu`c qul pcirîm slr vlmihics iurnmtl `cs prhblrcs : blsls n $9; >>

J@\AC

>5 Z[M1 YHU1

 

>>) @n fnilmn il rlstnurnmtls rls tnurnmtls il fcbhin rîphin "Il Njîm" lstî lstuihnmic `n pcsheh`hini il nerhr ctrn sufursn` lm um mulvc flmtrc L` `cfn` fulstnil$$9;.;;;. 9;.;;;.;;; ;;; y su nilfunfhöm (lquhpc il fcfhmn, rlstnurnmtl, ilfcrnfhöm, ltf.)fcblrfhn`. thlml um fcstc nihfhcmn` >5.;;;.;;;. Fcm lstn mulvn sufursn`, `cs hmorlscs mltcs (shm tlmlr lm fulmtn `n ilprlfhnfhöm) il `n fnilmn il rlstnurnmtls nublmtnrânm lm $ >;.;;;.;;; nmun`ls iurnmtl `cs 6 prhblrcs nþcs y `uloc lm $>; nþcs y l` lquhpc y nilfunfhcmls lm < nþcs. Ycin `n ilprlfhnfhöm sl fn`fu`n lm jcrbn `hmln`. n) Fn`fu`l l` Z[M fcm umn YHC 7% e) Fn`fu`l l` Z[M fcm umn YHC 59% f) Fn`fu`l `n YHU il` prcylftc. i) ³Ls fcmvlmhlmtl pnrn `n fnilmn il rlstnurnmtls nerhr umn mulvn sufrusn`3 ³[cr què3 Vc`ufhöm1 Fcmflptc

Nþc

HMOULVCV FCVYC IL C[LUNF.(ilprlf) \YH@HI. NMYLV IL HB[\LVYC HB[\LVYC \YH@HI. ILV[\ÈV IL HB[\LVYC + IL[ULFHNFHÖM ZN@CU ULVHI\N@ J@\AC IL JCMICV MLYC - HMZLUVHCMLV [UC[HNV J@\AC JCMICV YCYN@/ MLYC n) Z[M(7%)

2

;

Bh`ls il $ Fc`. >

5

6

e) Z[M(59%) f) YHU i)

2

>5) \m fhlrtcum fcbpcmlmtl qul ls umhini. uth`hznic@n lmfcbpnþân `n prciuffhöm il l`umprcpöshtc prciuftcil jnerhfnic pcr`n`nornm fcbpnþân W, nftun`blmtl fcstc il \V$>;;/ W, fcm ngcrrnrsl fnmthini ihmlrc qul nmun`blmtl sl onstn lm `n fcbprn il lstl fcbpcmlmtl, lstî nmn`hznmic `n pcsheh`hini il fcbprnr l` lquhpc mlflsnrhc pnrn su prciuffhöm. Hmvlsthonfhcmls prl`hbhmnrls il` lquhpc rlqulrhic hmihfn qul su fcstc hmhfhn` ls il \V$ >;;.;;; y su vn`cr il rlsfntl ilspuès il < nþcs il usc ls il \V$ 5;.;;  Nilbîs, sh l` lquhpc ls niquhrhic, `cs fcstcs jhacs nmun`ls slrânm il \V$ 6) \m hmolmhc nzufnrlrc prcylftn bcmtnr umn ilsth`lrân il n`fcgc` ltâ`hfc. @n fc`ubmn il ilsth`nfhöm fulstn mulvn $5.;;;';;;.;;;, y sl ilfhil ilprlfhnr`n lm >; nþcs usnmic l` bètcic il @âmln Ulftn. Vl prlvè qul l` ocehlrmc mc rlmcvnrî l` plrbhsc il prciuffhöm qul vlmfl n `cs trls nþcs, y nerî, pnrn lmtcmfls, qul vlmilr`l l` lquhpc n` ocehlrmc pcr su vn` vn`cr cr lm `hercs. @n prciuffhöm il n`fcgc` sl lsthbn l .;;; y lm su prciuffhöm sl lbp`lnm trls dh`cs il bhl`, n $>;; f/u y nilbîs $>;; nihfhcmn`ls lm ctrcs fcstcs vnrhne`ls . @n ilprlfhnfhöm ls l` ñmhfc fcstc jhac qul sl ilel fcmshilrnr, puls sl lsthbn qul mc sl rlqulrhrîm mulvcs hmolmhlrcs, mh nublmtc il plrscmn` nibhmhstrnthvc. Vl lsthbn qul l` hmolmhc pnon hbpulstcs n rnzöm il` 6?.5% rln` nmun`. f) ³Fuî` ls `n rlmtneh`hini (YHU) il `n hmvlrshöm3 i) ³Fuî` ls `n UEF3 l) Lxp`hqul l` rlsu`tnic. Vc`ufhöm1 n. Fî`fu`c il `cs hmorlscs Bh`ls il $  NÞC > 5 6

@HYUCV

[. \MHYNUHC

IÂNV

e. Fî`fu`c il `cs lorlscs Fcstcs vnrhne`ls1 (bhl`)

Bh`ls il $  NÞC > 5 6

@HYUCV

 NÞC > 5 6

@HYUCV

Fcstcs vnrhne`ls1 (ctrcs)

F. \MHYNUHC

IÂNV

Bh`ls il $

  Fcstcs jhacs

F. \MHYNUHC

IÂNV

>

5

Ilprlfhnfhöm nþc 2 J@\AC IL JCMICV

 

FCMFL[YC HMOULVCV FCVYCV ZNUHNE@LV   Bhl`

NÞC

;

  Ctrcs YCYN@ FCVYCV ZNUHNE@LV FCVYCV JHACV Ilprlfhnfhöm YCYN@ FCVYCV JHACV YCYN@ LOULVCV \YH@HI. NMYLV IL HB[\LVYCV HB[\LVYCV (6?.5%) YHU UEF Lxp`hfnfhöm1

>9) L` lalrfhfhc nmtlrhcr ilsnrrö``l`c lm um lsflmnrhc hmj`nfhcmnrhc y tlmon lm fulmtn umn hmj`nfhöm il` >;%   Lxp`hqul l` rlsu`tnic. Vc`ufhöm1 FCMFL[YC HMOULVCV FCVYCV ZNUHNE@LV   Bhl`   Ctrcs YCYN@ FCVYCV ZNUHNE@LV FCVYCV JHACV Ilprlfhnfhöm YCYN@ FCVYCV JHACV YCYN@ LOULVCV \YH@HI. NMYLV IL HB[\LVYCV

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HB[\LVYCV (6?.9.;;;.;;; n` fnec il `cs 6 nþcs. Fcmslfulmtlblmtl, `n ilprlfhnfhöm, usnmic l` shstlbn il @âmln Ulftn, sl fnron n rnzöm il $5.;;;.;;; pcr nþc. Fnin umhini sl vlmil n $5.;;; y thlml umcs fcstcs vnrhne`ls il $>.9;; pcr umhini. @cs fcstcs jhacs hmf`uylmic ilprlfhnfhöm sn`lm n rnzöm il $:.;;;.;;; pcr nþc. @n fcbpnþân pnon hbpulstcs n rnzöm il 6?,;% fnin nþc.  N pnrthr il `cs intcs nmtlrhcrls nmtlrhcrls prcylftl l` j`uac il jcmics jcmics pnrn trls nþcs e) Fn`fu`l l` Z[M il `n hmvlrshöm usnmic umn tnsn il ils ilsfulmtc fulmtc (YHC) il` >5% rln` nmun`. f) ³Fuî` ls `n rlmtneh`hini (YHU) il `n hmvlrshöm3 i) ³Fuî` ls `n UEF3 l) Lxp`hqul l` rlsu`tnic1 J@\AC IL JCMICV Bh`ls il $ FCMFL[YC NÞC ; > [UCI\FFHÖM [rlfhc \mhtnrhc YCYN@ HMOULVCV FCVYCV ZNUHNE@LV FCVYCV JHACV YCYN@ LOULVCV

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\YH@HI. NMYLV IL HB[\LVYCV HB[\LVYCV \YH@HI. ILV[\ÈV HB[\LVYCV +IL[ULFHNFHÖM +ZN@CU BLUFNIC ZLMYN J@\AC IL JCMICV MLYC -HMZLUVHCMLV [UC[HNV J@\AC YCYN@BLMYL MLYC Z[M(>5%) YHU UEF(>5%) Lxp`hfnfhöm rlsu`tnic1 >:) L` lalrfhfhc nmtlrhcr ilsnrrö``l`c lm um lsflmnrhc hmj`nfhcmnrhc y tlmon lm fulmtn umn hmj`nfhöm il :%. Lxp`hqul l` rlsu`tnic. Vc`ufhöm1 FCMFL[YC [UCI\FFHÖM [rlfhc \mhtnrhc YCYN@ HMOULVCV FCVYCV ZNUHNE@LV FCVYCV JHACV YCYN@ LOULVCV

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