Taller de Expresion Oral y Escrita

 

 

 

CLFGRO]CU BGA RNAAG\

Clfgtovcs dgkgrnags6  

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Eckcegr ans lnsgs tgõroens bg an eciukoeneoõk crna y gserotn nsé ecic su okmaugkeon gk an topcacdén tgxtuna.bg boseurscs nenbïioecs Prcicvgr an eciprgksoõk y prcbueeoõk prcbueeoõk (gserotcs y crnags) y gstoinr su vnacr ecic vghéeuac bovuadntovc bg eckceoiogktc y snlgr. Mcrtnagegr an rgmagxoõk y nbgeuneoõk ecktgxtuna gk ac prcbueeoõk bg tgxtcs crnags y gserotcs. \gmcrznr ga sgktobc erétoec nktg bomgrgktgs topcs bg tgxtc.

Clfgtovcs gspgeémoecs6   

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Mcigktnr an nbquosoeoõk bg gstrntgdons y hnloaobnbgs qug mnvcrgegk ga bgsnrrcaac bg an ecipgtgkeon boseursovn/tgxtuna bga nauikc. Bostokduor y utoaoznr acs bostoktcs gagigktcs mcrinags qug ecktroluygk n an eckstrueeoõk bg uk tgxtc. \geckcegr y snlgr usnr acs bostoktcs kovgags bg utoaozneoõk bg an agkdun (gspgeonaigktg gk rganeoõk eck an kcrin snkeocknbn, acs sceocagetcs y acs rgdostrcs). Obgktomoenr an vnroneoõk aokdñéstoen. Eckcegr y aagvnr n an prîetoen ans rgdans mukbnigktnags bg an gseroturn nenbïioen. Bcioknr acs gagigktcs prcpocs bg an eciukoeneoõk kc vgrlna qug okmauygk gk an gmoeneon eciukoentovn.

 

PN\RG > ‑RNAAG\ BG GXP\GUOCK C\NA’  

ECIWKOENEOÕK WKOBNB OO66 NUPGERCU \GAG]NKRGU BG AN ECIWKOENEOÕK C\NA6 GA EO\EWORC _ ANU LN\\G\NU    

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An eciukoeneoõk, sus enrnetgréstoens y gagigktcs Ga eõbodc6 aokdñéstoecs y pnrnaokdñéstoecs O Ga eõbodc6 pnrnaokdñéstoec OO y gxtrnaokdñéstoec Ans lnrrgrns gk an eciukoeneoõk crna6 crna6 psoecaõdoens, mosocaõdoens, sgiîktoens, tïekoens y nilogktnags   Ans gstrntgdons boseursovns6 knrrneoõk y bgseropeoõk

WKOBNB OOOO66 EWNAOBNBGU BG AN GXP\GUOÕK C\NA6 C\DNKOVNEOÕK, C\DNKOVNEO ÕK, GUROAÉUROEN, ]CV _ GXP\GUOÕK EC\PC\NA  

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  An gstoaéstoen y acs rgeurscs rgtõroecs   Ga boseursc nrduigktntovc. Gstrueturn O (oktrcbueeoõk y nrduigktcs) y mnaneons    Boagin ïtoec6 ecrrodogkbc mnaneons Ga boseursc nrduigktntovc. Gstrueturn OO (eckeausoõk)

WKOBNB OOO6 G XP\GUOÕK _ ECIWKOENEOÕK OOO6 RÏEKOENU BG GXP\GUOÕK C\NA OKBO]OBWNA6 AN GXPCUOEOÕK NENBÏIOEN C\NA  

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  An gxpcsoeoõk nenbïioen, su gstrueturn   Pankomoeneoõk, crdnkozneoõk y acs rgeurscs nubocvosunags gk gk an gxpcsoeoõk nenbïioen   Ga du duock ock bg an gxpcsoeoõk gxpcsoeoõk nenbïioen y su gfgeueoõk O   Gfgeueoõk bg an gxpcsoeoõk nenbïioen OO

O]66 RÏEKOENU D\WPNAGU BG GXP\GUOÕK C\NA6 WKOBNB O] BGLNRG, IGUN \GBCKBN, UGIOKN\OC _ MC\C    

       

Rïekoens drupnags bg gxpcsoeoõk y su oipcrtnkeon Ga bglntg6 crdnkozneoõk, enrnetgréstoens y pankomoeneoõk Gfgeueoõk bga bglntg Gfgeueoõk bg an igsn rgbckbn y mcrc

 

 

 

 

UGINKN 0>

WKOBNB O Nspgetcs rgagvnktgs bg an eciukoeneoõk crna6 ga eoreuotc y ans lnrrgrns  lnrrgrns  Ugsoõk > Rgin6 An eciukoeneoõk, sus enrnetgréstoens y gagigktcs

>. AN ECIWKOENEOÕK Wk proigr negreniogktc n an bgmokoeoõk bg eciukoeneoõk pugbg rgnaoznrsg rgnaoznr sg bgsbg su gtoicacdén. An pnanlrn bgrovn bga anték eciiukoenrg, qug sodkomoen ‑ecipnrtor nadc, pckgr gk eciök’. Pcr ac tnktc, an eciukoeneoõk gs uk mgkõigkc okhgrgktg n an rganeoõk qug acs sgrgs vovcs inktogkgk eunkbc sg gkeugktrnk gk drupc. N trnvïs bg an eciukoeneoõk, ans pgrsckns c nkoinags cltogkgk okmcrineoõk rgspgetc n su gktcrkc y pugbgk ecipnrtoran eck ga rgstc. An eciukoeneoõk gs uk prcegsc qug sg okoeon gk an oktgkeoõk bg ukn pgrsckn, quogk eckstruorî uk igksnfg y ac trnksiotorî pcr uk enkna nprcponbc: augdc an ctrn pgrsckn bgecbomoenrî ga igksnfg pnrn eciprgkbgrac. N su vgz, gstn pgrsckn rgegptcrn, pugbg eckvgrtorsg gk uk kugvc gioscr. Bg gstn inkgrn, ukn vgz qug sg pnrtoeopn gk ukn rganeoõk eciukoentovn, gstn gstnrî netunaozîkbcsg igbonktg ga pgrinkgktg oktgreniloc bg rcags gktrg ga gioscr y rgegptcr.

³^uï y eõic eciukoenics3 Gk tcbc ac qug hnegics, bgeoics c bgfnics bg hnegr, gstnics eciukoenkbc nadc. Gk gstn rganeoõk pugbg kc hnlgr pnanlrns, pcr gfgipac, gktrg pnsnfgrcs bg uk igboc bg trnkspcrtg, bckbg ac gspgrnlag gs qug kc sg eckvgrsg gktrg gxtrnþcs. Uo kc hnlanics oduna gstnics eciukoenkbc, yn sgn eck an pcsoeoõk bg kugstrc eugrpc, eck kugstrns iornbns, an gxprgsoõk mneona, gte. Gk gsg sgktobc, gs oipcrtnktg sogiprg tgkgr gk eugktn qug gxostgk gstns bcs mcrins bg eciukoenrkcs6 y ckcgseroloics. vgrlna. AnAc proigrn sg rgmogrg n an eciukoeneoõk n trnvïs bg an pnanlrn, ac qug vgrlna bgeoics kc vgrlna ecrrgspckbg n dgstcs, netotubgs, pcsturns ecrpcrnags, tckc bg vcz c iornbns. Ug boeg qug an eciukoeneoõk gs gmgetovn eunkbc ac qug ukc quogrg trnksiotorag n ctrc gs eciprgkbobc pcr kugstrc oktgraceutcr. oktgraceutcr. Pnrn qug an eciukoeneoõk sgn gmgetovn gs kgegsnroc qug ga igksnfg qug sg trnksiotg sgn echgrgktg gk kugstrn gxprgsoõk vgrlna y kc vgrlna. Pcr gfgipac, eunkbc ukn gstubonktg ag boeg n su ecipnþgrn bg eansg6 "¡kc gstcy gkcfnbn!", pgrc gk uk tckc bg vcz iuy mugrtg y eck ga egþc mrukeobc, gstn kc snlrî n quï pnrtg bg an eciukoeneoõk hnegrag ensc, so n ans pnanlrns c n acs dgstcs. Ga obgna bg tcbn t cbn eciukoeneoõk oktgrpgrsckna oktgrpgrsckna gs q qug ug sgn drntomoenktg pnrn acs oktgraceutcrgs, gk tnktc sogiprg ecksodnk gxprgsnr sus obgns, sgktoiogktcs y giceockgs bg ukn inkgrn gspcktîkgn y pagkn, rgspgtucsn y nsgrtovn, lusenkbc ga logkgstnr eciök: bg gstn inkgrn, bglgrén sgr ukn eciukoeneo eciukoeneoõk õk gmoenz.

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s  / |4

 

 

   \GECKCEOGKBC ANU EN\NERG\ÉUROENU BG AN ECIWKOENEOÕK GMOENV  eciukoeneoõk õk gmoenz.  Clfgtovc6 Obgktomoenr ans enrnetgréstoens bg an eciukoeneo Crogktneockgs. Bg inkgrn okbovobuna rgspckbn sgdök ac sgþnanbc gk enbn ukc bg acs étgis.

KO]GA Eciprgksoõk

Prgduktn K¶> \gsugavg acs soduogktgs gfgreoeocs

>. Obgktomoen y gserolg gk ans aékgns quï enrnetgréstoen bg an eciukoeneoõk gmoenz gstî prgsgktg gk acs soduogktgs netcs eciukoentovcs. eciukoentovcs. n) Ucmén aagdn n su ensn iuy trostg pcrqug tuvc uk ina bén. Uu iniî sg negren y ag prgduktn eõic gstî. Gaan rgspckbg qug gstî logk pcrqug kc quogrg prgceupnran: sok gilnrdc, su iniî sg bn eugktn bg qug nadc inac gstî pnsnkbc, sg negren eck ukn pcsturn aodgrnigktg okeaoknbn hneon su hofn eck ga mok bg ergnr ukn sgksneoõk bg ntgkeoõk y prcxoiobnb. Ucmén ag eugktn acs pcrigkcrgs y su inbrg iugstrn prgceupneoõk sok oktgrruipor su rgantc. Enrnetgréstoen bg an eciukoeneoõk gmoenz6 ……………………………… ………………………………   l) \clgrtn sg eciukoen eck Nagfnkbrc pcr tgaïmckc pnrn okmcrinrag qug an rgukoõk eck sus ecipnþgrcs sg hn enkeganbc pcrqug Fcrdg Auos trnlnfn gk gsg hcrnroc y ag oipcsolag rgukorsg. Nagfnkbrc gstî tnk eckegktrnbc gk an ageturn bg an clrn ‑Podinaoõk’ qug npgkns acdrn gktgkbgr ac qug ag boeg. \clgrtn ag prgduktn6 ‑³Ig gktgkbostg3’  Nagfnkbrc6 ‑³^uï bofostg sclrg an rgukoõk3’. Gaan ag vugavg n bgeor ac bg an rgukoõk.  Nagfnkbrc6 ‑¡Nh!, ‑¡Nh!, yn’. Enrnetgréstoen bg an eciukoeneoõk gmoenz6 ……………………………………

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s  / |?

 

 

Uginkn 0>

. Obgktomoen acs gagigktcs bga eoreuotc eciukoentovc gk acs soduogktgs enscs. n) Gbunrbc, sgktnbc gk su cmoeokn, agg uk ecrrgc gagetrõkoec gk mrnkeïs bg su n niodn iodn Ioehgaag sclrg su prõxoin vosotn. Gioscr6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

\gegptcr6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

Eõbodc6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

Enkna6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

Ecktgxtc6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

Igksnfg6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

l) Wk dunrbn mcrgstna mcrgst na gkeugktrn uk enrtga ecacenbc pcr rgprgsgktnktgs bga Iokostg Iokostgroc roc bg Euaturn gk an eoin bg ukn icktnþn. Gioscr6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

\gegptcr6

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |>5

 

 

UGINKN 0.>. Eõbodc aokdñéstoec crna6  gs iîs gmusovc c gxprgsovc qug ga gserotc, sugag gstnr necipnþnbc bg gagigktcs kc aokdñéstoecs ecic an iéioen, an gktckneoõk, acs dgstcs c icvoiogktcs ecrpcrnags. Kc gs tnk rédobc n ans rgdans kcrintovns. Ug trnksiotg n trnvïs bg ans ckbns sckcrns, gk ga hnlan. >.00 y >70 pnanlrns pcr iokutc. Pcr gkeoin bg ans 00 gs lrnboaîaoen (su rotic gs iuy agktc y pugbg nlurror). ]CAWIGK6 gs an pgregpeoõk bga sckobc gk ga cébc céb c y sg rganeockn eck eck an gqugokeausc hnlanics. Ac gipagnics pckgran oktgksobnb ïkmnsos, rgduanr natgrnr uk prcegscpnrn bg eciukoeneoõk. Dgkgrnaigktg, uk vcauigk iuy bïloa, sunvg c lnfc kcs okboenrî toiobgz, suiosoõk c trostgzn. Pcr ga ecktrnroc, uk vcauigk natc c iuy mugrtg trnksiotg nutcrobnb, sgdurobnb gk ukc iosic c bciokoc bg ukn sotuneoõk.

UOAGKEOCU6 sck pnusns rgnaoznbns gk an eciukoeneoõk vgrlna. Hny censockgs gk qug gs kgegsnroc kc bgeor ecsns pnrn pcbgr gxprgsnr ctrns. Acs soagkeocs sg pugbgk oktgrprgtnr bg mcrin pcsotovn c bg mcrin kgdntovn. ROIL\G6 gs ga rgdostrc  qug kcs pgriotg bostokduor n ukn pgrsckn bg mcrin okigbontn. Pcr gfgipac, so eckcegics ga toilrg bg vcz bg nadukn pgrsckn egrenkn n kcsctrcs, gk ga icigktc gk qug an codnics, nuk sok vgran, pgksnrgics «Pcr nhé vogkg (gsn pgrsckn)º.

05  NERO]OBNB 05  \GECKCEG ACU EÕBODCU  Clfgtovc6 Obgktomoenr acs eõbodcs gipagnbcs gk acs enscs panktgnbcs.   Crogktneockgs. Bg inkgrn okbovobuna rgspckbn sgdök ac sgþnanbc gk enbn ukc bg acs étgis 

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |>=

 

 

Rgxtc < Kuken snlrï pcr quï ig bofostg gsc. ³PC\ ^WÏ IG BOFOURG GUC3, ³EÕIC MWOURG ENPNV3 Eanrc qug nadukc pgksnrî qug ig ac igrgeén. ¡IGKRO\N! _C FNIÎU AC HWLOGUG HGEHC. Kc bglgréns hnlgrig trnoeocknbc nsé.   Uulrnynbc6 oktgksobnb lnfn   Kcrina6 oktgksobnb igbon

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  Inyöseuans6 Inyöseuans6 oktgksobnb natn

Augdc, aïgac6   Ecic so hulogsg hulogsg iueh iuehc c ruobc n tu nargbgbcr nargbgbcr y tuvogsg tuvogsgss qug drotnr drotnr..   Ecic so gstuvogrns gktrg ga pölaoec nsostgktg n ukn eckmgrgkeon y tuvogrns qug hnlanr iuy lnfc. Rgxtc 5 

Ans enipnkns sogiprg scknlnk pclrgs y igankeõaoens eunkbc tg sgktén agfcs, pgrc rgpoenlnk pozporgtns y bovgrtobns, sckcrns y nagdrgs eunktc iîs egren tg icstrnlns. Nhcrn yn kc oipcrtn eõic sugkgk, bokîioens y scilréns, pcrqug sï qug kc vcavgrîk. 

  Kcrina6 tckc igboc   Gk kgdrotns6 tckc drnvg   Uulrnynbc6 tckc ndubc

Ugsoõk 2

Uginkn 0?

 

 

PCURW\NU.  Uck ecipcrtniogktcs qug sugagk sgr iîs gstnlags qug acs dgstcs y pugbgk burnr bgsbg iokutcs hnstn vnrons hcrns. Ans mcrins bg gstnr bg pog, eõic kcs sgktnics g, okeausc, kugstrn mcrin bg enioknr, sugagk eciukoenr oktgksobnbgs giceocknags c gxprgsnr euîa gs kugstrc gstnbc nmgetovc gk uk icigktc bgtgrioknbc. bgtgrioknbc. IO\NBNU.  Eck

ans

iornbns

hnegics kctnr kugstrn prgsgkeon rgspgetc n acs bgiîs. N trnvïs bg acs cfcs trnksiotoics euîa gs kugstrc gstnbc giceockna c ans oktgkeockgs qug tgkgics. Pcr gfgipac6 inktgkgr an iornbn mofn y scstgkobn gs ukn sgþna bg nigknzn pnrn ga ctrc oktgraceutcr. Ug pugbgk bostokduor trgs eansgs bg iornbns. 

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   Iornbn  Io rnbn aanlcrna6 nlcrna6  sg bnk gk nilogktgs bg trnlnfc. Gk gaans, bglgics prceurnr qug kugstrn iornbn kc enodn pcr bglnfc bga kovga bg acs cfcs bg kugstrc oktgraceutcr.    Io  Iornbn rnbn s ceo na na66   kugstrn iornbn eng pcr bglnfc bg acs cfcs bg kugstrc oktgraceutcr.  Iornbn rnbn ék éktoin6 toin6   acs cfcs bga gioscr rgecrrgk bg nrroln nlnfc ga eugrpc bga    Io oktgraceutcr.

l) Prcxïioecs. Uck acs eõbodcs qug bgiugstrnk ga gspneoc qug rcbgn n ans pgrsckns gk su eciukoeneoõk eck acs bgiîs. Ug rgmogrg n acs sodkomoenbcs qug surdgk bg an bostnkeon gktrg ans pgrsckns.   Bostnkeon éktoin (hnstn 27 ei). Eck an gxegpeoõk bg nadukcs bgseckceobcs gspgeonags, ecic iïboecs c bgktostns, qug togkgk kugstrc pgriosc pnrn okvnborac, gstg gspneoc qugbn rgsgrvnbc pnrn mnioaonrg m nioaonrgss c niodcs éktoics.

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  Bostnkeon pgrsckna  (bg 27 n >. Ga gstoac sgkeoaac vn necipnþnbc bg eogrtns gxprgsockgs drneocsns qug hndnk iîs vovc ga igksnfg y inktgkdnk na nubotcroc ‑bgspogrtc’ g oktgrgsnbcs gk ga tgin.  tgin. 

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |54

 

 

GUROAC UGKEOAAC

EWNAOBNBGU

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Knturnaobnb6 eck mrnkqugzn y sok bosmrnz. Eckeosoõk6 oipaoen gvotnr rcbgcs y rgpgtoeockgs okkgegsnrons. Enkbcr6 qug ga crnbcr gxprgsg sus pgksniogktcs y sgktoiogktcs eck okdgkuobnb. okdgkuobnb.

EN\NERG\ÉUROENU

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Bgsgehn tcbc ac rganeocknbc eck an nmgetneoõk y ga nrtomoeoc. Eckbgkn tcbc topc bg nbcrkcs y sg okeaokn pcr an knturnaobnb y sgkeoaagz. Kc kgegsotn an pcipn ko ans modurns: ga nutcr sg iugstrn tna euna gs sok engr gk ac vuadnr c ehnlnenkc.

]gnics uk gfgipac bga gipagc bga gstoac sgkeoaac gk uk boseursc bg Giin Rhcipsck6

An odunabnb bg dïkgrc tniloïk gs prclagin bg ustgbgs Boseursc bg Giin Tntsck, Gilnfnbcrn bg Lugkn ]cauktnb bg CKW Iufgrgs, gk uk gvgktc gspgeona bg an enipnþn HgMcrUhg, gk an sgbg bg ans Kneockgs Wkobns, Kugvn _crj, ga 2, eunkbc nadukcs sgetcrgs bg an prgksn ecigkznrck n sgxunaoznrig. N acs >7, eunkbc nadukns bg ios niodns gipgznrck n bgfnr sus gquopcs bgpcrtovcs pcrqug kc qugrénk tgkgr nspgetc ‑iuseuacsc’. _ n acs >8,  >8,  eunkbc ios niodcs vnrckgs grnk okenpnegs bg gxprgsnr sus sgktoiogktcs. Bgeobé qug grn mgiokostn, y gsc ig pnrgeoõ pcec ecipaoenbc. Pgrc ios okvgstodneockgs rgeogktgs ig hnk icstrnbc qug ga mgiokosic sg hn vugatc ukn pnanlrn pcec pcpuanr.  Npnrgktgigktg ig gkeugktrc gktrg ans moans bg nqugaans iufgrgs euyns gxprgsockg  Npnrgktgigktg gxprgsockgss pnrgegk bginsonbc mugrtgs, bginsonbc ndrgsovns, qug nésank, sck ecktrnrons n acs hcilrgs y, pcr gaac, kc sck ntrnetovns. ³Pcr quï rgsuatn tnk okeõicbn gstn pnanlrn3 Kneé gk Drnk Lrgtnþn y ecksobgrc qug ac ecrrgetc gs qug ecic iufgr sg ig pndug ac iosic qug n ios ecipnþgrcs vnrckgs. Ergc qug gstî logk qug yc pugbn tcinr bgeosockgs sclrg io prcpoc eugrpc. Ergc qug gs ecrrgetc qug hnyn iufgrgs qug ig rgprgsgktgk gk an ganlcrneoõk bg pcaétoens y an tcin bg bgeosockgs gk io pnés. Ergc qug sceonaigktg sg ig bglg trntnr eck ga iosic rgspgtc qug n acs hcilrgs. Pcr bgsdrneon, pugbc nmorinr qug kc hny kokdök pnés bga iukbc gk ga qug tcbns ans iufgrgs pugbnk gspgrnr qug sg ags rgeckczenk gstcs bgrgehcs. Pcr ga icigktc, kokdök pnés bga iukbc pugbg bgeor qug hn naenkznbc an odunabnb bg dïkgrc. (Mrndigktc tcinbc bg http6//www.ukwcigk.crd/gs/kgws/stcrogs/2/?/giin-wntsck-dgkbgr-gqunaotyos-ycur-ossug-tcc#sthnsh.CxysUiTe.bpum)

?=5/ndcstc825 (…)   (…) Ans eogkeons y ans agtrns, mugrn bg gsg vnacr sceona, mugrn bg gstn oipcrtnkeon qug pcbgics aaninr okstruigktna, mugrn bga lnrkoz bg nigkobnb y gagdnkeon qug bnk n ans sceogbnbgs huinkns, y qug bglgics ecktnr tniloïk gktrg sus lgkgmoeocs, togkgk uk iïrotc suyc, oktréksgec, gk eunktc h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |2>

 

 

nuigktnk acs panegrgs y dcegs bga okbovobuc qug ans euatovn y ans nin: panegrgs gxquosotcs, n qug kc aagdn ga bgaoroc bg acs sgktobcs: dcegs purcs, gk qug ga nain kc sg boeg n sé iosin6 ... igboc bg mcktg m cktg agpcrui udot ninro naoquob, qucb ok opsos macrolus nkdot (Auergeoc) Bg gk igboc bg an mugktg bga bgagotg uk kc sï quï bg ninrdc sg agvnktn, qug gktrg ga hnandc bg ans macrgs pukzn. Ans eogkeons y an aotgrnturn aagvnk gk sé an rgecipgksn bg acs trnlnfcs y vodoaons qug sg ags ecksndrnk. Kc hnlac bg an dacron qug oaustrn ans drnkbgs eckquostns eogktémoens: kc hnlac bg an nurgcan bg okicrtnaobnb qug ecrckn ans clrns bga dgkoc. N pcecs gs pgriotobc gspgrnrans. Hnlac bg acs panegrgs iîs c igkcs gagvnbcs, iîs c igkcs oktgkscs, qug sck eciukgs n tcbcs acs rnkdcs gk an rgpölaoen bg ans agtrns. Pnrn ga gktgkboiogktc, ecic pnrn ans ctrns mneuatnbgs mneuatn bgs huinkns, an netovobnb gs gk sé iosin uk panegr: panegr qug, ecic boeg uk moaõscmc gseceïs, sneubg bg kcsctrcs nqugaan okgreon n qug bg ctrc icbc kcs gktrgdnrénics gk bnþc kugstrc y bg an sceogbnb. Enbn sgkbn qug nlrgk ans eogkeons na gktgkboiogktc euatovnbc, ag iugstrn pgrspgetovns gkenktnbns: enbn kugvn mnz qug sg ag bgseulrg gk ga topc obgna bg an lgaagzn, hneg gstrgigegr bgaoeocsnigktg ga ecrnzõk huinkc, eronbc pnrn nbiornran y sgktoran. Ga gktgkboiogktc euatovnbc cyg gk ga rgtorc bg an igbotneoõk ans ioa vcegs bga ecrc bg an knturnagzn6 ioa vosockgs pgrgdrokns rgvugank gk tcrkc n an aîipnrn scaotnron qug nauilrn sus vodoaons. Pnrn ïa scac, sg ntnvén an ergneoõk bg tcbn su indkomoegkeon, bg tcbns sus dnans. Pgrc ans agtrns y ans eogkeons, na iosic togipc qug bnk uk gfgreoeoc bgaoeocsc na gktgkboiogktc y n an oindokneoõk, gagvnk ga enrîetgr icrna. Gaans bgloaotnk ga pcbgréc bg ans sgbueeockgs sgksunags: gaans bgsnrink bg an inycr pnrtg bg sus tgrrcrgs n ans voeosotubgs bg an mcrtukn. Gaans sck (bgspuïs bg an huioabg y ecktgktn rgsodkneoõk bga nain rgaodocsn) ga igfcr prgpnrntovc pnrn an hcrn bg an bgsdrneon. Gaans aagvnk ga ecksugac na agehc bga gkmgric, na nsoac bga prcserotc, na enanlczc, na enbnasc... Ehgkogr, ndunrbnkbc pcr okstnktgs an iugrtg, gserolg sus öatoics vgrscs, qug bgfn okecipagtcs pnrn inrehnr na pntéluac6 Eciig uk bgrrkogr rnyck, eciig uk bgrkogr zïphorg nkoig an mok b'uk lgnu fcur, nu pogb bg O'gehnmnub f'gssnog nkecr in ayrg. (ZEuna rnyc pcstrgrc, euna nurn qug nkoin ga öatoic okstnktg bg uk hgricsc bén, na pog bga enbnasc gksnyc io aorn). (Mrndigktc tcinbc bg http6//www.uehoag.ea/pcrtna/prgsgktneock/hostcron/2=8  \GECKCEOGKBC ACU GUROACU GIPAGNBCU GK ACU BOUEW\UCU  Clfgtovc. Obgktomoenr acs gstoacs gipagnbcs gk acs boseurscs prgsgktnbcs.  Crogktneockgs. Bg inkgrn okbovobuna rgspckbn sgdök ac sgþnanbc gk enbn ukc bg acs étgis.

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |2<

 

 

Uginkn 07

WKOBNB OO Ugsoõk >0 Rgin6 \geurscs \gtõroecs

O. ACU \GEW\UCU GUR\WERW\NAGU _ \GRÕ\OECU An oktgkeoõk bg uk lugk boseursc gs sogiprg okmauor bg mcrin pgrsunsovn gk ga rgegptcr c acs rgegptcrgs. Acs trntnbcs bg rgtõroen eaîsoen bgmokénk ga clfgtc bga boseursc gk tïriokcs bga oipnetc qug prcbueénk gk ga cygktg, yn sgn eckvgkegr, sgbueor, oipnetnr y gsns oktgkeockgs kc sg aoiotnk na boseursc pcaétoec c pulaoeotnroc, sokc qug gstîk tniloïk prgsgktgs gk acs boseurscs iîs hnlotunags bg an netovobnb ectobonkn bg an pgrsckn nenbïioen y prcmgsockna burnktg ans gxpcsoeockgs crnags. Bg an mcrin gk qug sg crdnkoegk ans mrnsgs, bg ans pnanlrns qug sg utoaoegk, vn n bgpgkbgr gk lugkn igbobn qug ga igksnfg sgn logk eciprgkbobc pcr acs bgstokntnrocs. Na gagdor gstns c nqugaans pnanlrns, y na eckstruor ans mrnsgs eck ukn u ctrn gstrueturn, sg gstî npcstnkbc pcr ukn bgtgrioknbn mcrin bg aaninr an ntgkeoõk bga cygktg sclrg nqugaans obgns gsgkeonags qug sg trntn bg eciukoenr. Gquovcenr an mcrin bg gxprgsoõk crna gquovnag n oipgbor c ecrtceoreuotnr ans pcsoloaobnbgs bg eciukoeneoõk. Acs rgeurscs rgtõroecs pugbgk sgr mõkoecs, icrmcsoktîetoecs c sgiîktoecs.

>.>. \geurscs mõkoecs6    Naotgrneoõk6 rgpgtoeoõk bg ukc c vnrocs mckgins eck oktgkeoõk gxprgsovn6  N ans nanbns nains nains bg ans rcsns rcsns bga naigkbrc bg kntn tg quogrc.... (IODWGA HG\KÎKBGV)

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  Ckcintcpgyn6 pnanlrn c mrnsg euycs sckobcs sudogrgk ga bg an rgnaobnb n an euna sg rgmogrgk. Iuriuaac, toe-tne, zod-znd  sck  sck pnanlrns ckcintcpïyoens. ckcintcpïyoens.

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  Pnrckcinson6 rgpgtoeoõk bg pnanlrns bg sckobc sgigfnktg y sodkomoenbc bovgrsc bovgrsc66 Gk lus vgs pcr bckbg vns.  vns. 

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>..5. \geurscs sgiîktoecs6 sgiîktoecs6   Prcscpcdrnmén6 bgseropeoõk mésoen bg ukn pgrsckn c bg uk nkoina. (gxtgrocr)

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  Gtcpgyn6 bgseropeoõk bg an pgrscknaobnb6 enrîetgr, eunaobnbgs, bgmgetcs y vnacrgs icrnags y gsporotunags. gsporotunags. (oktgrocr)

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  \gtrntc6 bgseropeoõk mésoen y bg an pgrscknaobnb. (nilns)

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  Rcpcdrnmén6 bgseropeoõk bg uk audnr, mrgeugktgigktg uk pnrnfg knturna, pnosnfg.

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  Gxeanineoõk6 Oktgksomoeneoõk bg an gxprgsoõk giceocknbn bg uk fuoeoc c sgktoiogktc.

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  Oktgrrcdneoõk c prgduktn rgtõroen6 usc bg an oktgrrcdneoõk ecic rgeursc oktgksomoentovc oktgksomoentovc bg ukn nsgvgrneoõk c uk sgktoiogktc.

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  Hopïrlcag6 gxndgrneoõk indkomoenbcrn c bgdrnbnktg. Ïrnsg uk hcilrg n ukn knroz pgdnbc

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  Prcscpcpgyn c pgrsckomoeneoõk6 ntrolueoõk bg eunaobnbgs pgrscknags n nkoinags, vgdgtnags c ecsns.

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  Uéioa c ecipnrneoõk6 rganeoõk bg sgigfnkzn c bgsgigfnkzn gktrg bcs rgnaobnbgs, eck gxprgsoõk bga gagigktc ecipnrntovc6 ecic, gs ecic, tna, oduna qug, gte. Uus cfcs lro aa aan nlnk ecic bcs gsigrna gs igrnabn bnss  na vgr n su nicr

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  Nktétgsos6 ecktrnpcsoeoõk sodkomoentovn bg pnanlrns c mrnsgs. 

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  Orckén6 gxprgsoõk bg ac ecktrnroc bg ac qug rgnaigktg sg pogksn.

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  Igtîmcrn6 Ug sustotuyg uk tïriokc pcr ctrc, eck nadök topc bg sgigfnkzn sïioen.

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  gserotc  ecksostggk gkacs igkeocknr Nknegmnaecsos \genpotuaneoõk6  prokeopnags puktcs bg uk c bg uk  c boseursc. Gs iuy mrgeugktg boseurscsacspcaétoecs. h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |2=

 

 

Uginkn =

WKOBNB OO Ugsoõk >> Rgin6 Ga Boseursc Nrduigktntovc6 Nrduigktntovc6 Gstrueturn O (Oktrcbueeockgs)

GA BOUEW\UC Ug pugbg bgmokor ga boseursc ecic «tcbn suegsoõk bg pnanlrns, gxtgksns c ecrtns, qug sorvn pnrn gxprgsnr ac qug boseurrg: bglg sgr nbgeunbc, gs bgeor, crbgknbc, necicbnbc y prcpcreocknbc pnrn ac qug sg quogrg, pgrmgetc pnrn ga enscº>. Gstn bgmokoeoõk sudogrg qug ga eciukoenbcr snlg ac qug quogrg eck su boseursc, y ac crdnkozn pnrn acdrnr gsg clfgtovc.

GA BOUEW\UC N\DWIGKRNRO]C

Ga boseursc nrduigktntovc rgspckbg n an oktgkeoõk eciukoentovn bg eckvgkegr c pgrsunbor: gk ctrns pnanlrns, ga gioscr lusen, n trnvïs bg ïa prcbueor uk eniloc bg netotub c bg cpokoõk gk ga rgegptcr. An oipcrtnkeon bg gstg topc bg boseursc rnboen gk an pcsoloaobnb bg okbueor, icbomoenr, rgmutnr c gstnloaoznr erggkeons c obgns gk acs bgstokntnrocs, gk tnktc t nktc bgsenksn gk prgsupugstcs obgcaõdoecs, gstc gs, vosockgs bg iukbc nsceonbns n ïa. Ug pugbgk sgþnanr bcs boigksockgs nsceonbns n gstg topc bg boseursc6 an bga rnzckniogktc aõdoec, prcponigktg nrduigktntovn: y ctrn pgrsunsovn, gs bgeor, qug lusen okmauor nmgetovnigktg gk ga rgegptcr npgankbc n sus giceockgs y sgktoiogktcs. An gsgkeon bg su ergneoõk gstî gk gxpaoenr an tgsos igbonktg ukn sgrog bg nrduigktcs  ecksostgktgs.

GUR\WERW\N BGA BOUEW\UC N\DWIGKRNRO]C  Wk boseursc nrduigktntovc prgsgktn an rgmagxoõk pgrsckna bg ukn obgn egktrna c tgsos sustgktnbn eck nrduigktcs pnrn prcvcenr an igbotneoõk bga rgegptcr. Rcbc boseursc pcsgg trgs pnrtgs mukbnigktnags6 an oktrcbueeoõk, ga bgsnrrcaac y an eckeausoõk. Enbn ukn bg gstns pnrtgs pcsgg gagigktcs gquobostnktgs qug pgriotgk gstrueturnran bg igfcr inkgrn. Clsgrvgics ga soduogktg eunbrc qug rgprgsgktn an gstrueturn bg uk boseursc pgrsunsovc6

 Bospckolag gk Tgl6 http6//www.rrppkgt.eci.nr/ecicnrinrukboseursc.hti  

>

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |28

 

 

GUR\WERW\N (MC\IN) GXC\BOC (OKR\CBWEEOÕK)

EN\NERG\ÉUROENU EN\NERG\ÉUROE NU   Gs ga okoeoc bga boseursc.   Uorvg pnrn en enptnr ptnr an ntgkeoõk y ga oktgrïs bga pölaoec gk ga tgin qug vn n bgsnrrcaanr.   Nqué sg bn an ictovneoõk y sg

GAGIGKRCU BG MCKBC

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Unaubc Prgsgktneoõk bga tgin Ictovneoõk Rgsos Clfgtovc

panktgn trnlnfnr. an tgsos qug sg vn n   \gquogrg bg an utoaozneoõk bg uk  Nrduigktcs6 gsqugin pnrn pcbgr   Bg gfgipac bgsnrrcaanrac.   Bg nknacdén   Nqué sg gx gxpaoen paoen ga tgin n pnrto pnrtorr   Bg enusnaobnb bg acs nrduigktcs qug   Bg bgmokoeoõk bgmogkbgk an tgsos.   Bg nutcrobnb, gte.

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BGUN\\CAAC

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PG\C\NROC (ECKEAWUOÕK)

  Pnrtg mokna bga boseursc.   Bglg okeobor gk acs puktcs iîs oipcrtnktgs qug hnk sobc

  Uéktgsos   \gnmorine \gnmorineoõk oõk bg an tgsos

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trntnbcs ac öatoic qugbnrî (gs drnlnbc gk qug ga pölaoec).

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Eotn bg nadök prcvgrloc Okvceneoõk Ndrnbgeoiogktc Bgspgbobn

³EÕIC N_WBNK ACU GAGIGKRCU BG MCKBC N C\DNKOVN\ AN MC\IN BGA BOUEW\UC3

GAGIGKRCU P\GUGKRGU GK AN OKR\CBWEEOÕK BG WK BOUEW\UC N\DWIGKRNRO]C

AN ICRO]N ]NE EO K Ug utoaozn gk ga gxcrboc y togkg ecic mukeoõk lîsoen enptnr an ntgkeoõk bga nubotcroc. Bg gaan bgpgkbg qug ga pölaoec iugstrg oktgrïs pcr ac qug sg borî. ]gnics quï neeockgs kcs nyubnk n ictovnr6   An eotn bg nadök nutcr eaîsoec6 «An vgrbnb cs hnrî aolrgsº. (]grotns ( ]grotns Aolgrnlot ]cs) ]cs) (Fk 8, 5= ― >>= ― >>8.  >>8.

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |7>

 

 

oaustrgs y enpnegs bg auehnr pcr su pntron. Pcr gsc gk gstn censoõk quogrc hnlanrags bg bcs hcilrgs qug cmrgkbnrck su vobn…  vobn… 

Ecilokneoõk bg iïtcbcs  ³Eõic gstîk ecipnþgrcs3 ³Ug hnk pugstc n pgksnr gk drnk enktobnb bg nvgs qug kcs rcbgnk3 ³Eckcegk an vnrogbnb bg pîfnrcs qug enbn inþnkn enktnk nargbgbcr bg kugstrns ensns3 Ugdurnigktg kc. Pugs gk gstn censoõk qug gstnics eckigicrnkbc… quogrc hnlanrags bg ans nvgssobgyckugstr  eoubnb… Prgeosnigktg eunkbc kugstrc ig borodén n ensn,yukn sgþcrn ig prgduktõ qug grn gan qug snaén gk ga prcdrninnygr, ‑Euobgics gktcrkc’, eunkbc ag ecktgstï qug sé, ig hozc ukn prgduktn6 ‑³Ig pcbrén bgeor euîktcs topcs bg nvgs tgkgics gk kugstrn eoubnb3’. _ nsé mug eõic kneoõ gk ié an obgn bg okvgstodnr gstg hgricsc tgin.

PANKOMOENEOÕK BG WK BOUEW\UC N\DWIGKRN N\DWIGKRNRO]C RO]C

\gecrbgics qug ga boseursc nrduigktntovc gs uk topc bg tgxtc crna qug sg rgnaozn eck ga clfgtovc bg eckvgkegr y pgrsunbor na bgstokntnroc pnrn qug nsuin uk bgtgrioknbc puktc bg vostn. Pcr gaac, gs kgegsnron su pankomoeneoõk tcinkbc gk eugktn ans soduogktgs pnutns6   Ugageeocknr an oktgkeoõk c moknaobnb qug sg pgrsodug eck an nrduigktneoõk.   Eckergtnr an sotuneoõk eciukoentovn6 quoïk gs ga bgstokntnr bgstokntnroc, oc, euîags sck sus oktgrgsgs y quï gxpgetntovns togkg eck rgspgetc na tgin.   Bceuigktnrsg Bceuigktnrs g pnrn sgageeocknr acs nrduigktcs y ga intgrona rgagvnktg.   \gnaoznr uk aostnbc bg nrduigktcs qug sustgktnk an tgsos.   Nknaoznr acs nrduigktcs prokeopnags y acs sgeukbnrocs pnrn prgsgktnracs burnktg ga boseursc.   Bgtgrioknr acs topcs bg nrduigktcs qug sg gstîk gipagnkbc.   \gnaoznr uk gsqugin bga boseursc qug crdnkoeg ans obgns, gk mukeoõk bg an oktgkeoõk y sotuneoõk eciukoentov eciukoentovn. n.   \gbnetnr ga boseursc.   \gvosnr y ecrrgdor ga boseursc.

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Gs oipcrtnktg qug gk an crdnkozneoõk bg uk boseursc nrduigktntovc tcigs gk eugktn nadukns bg ans tïekoens bg prgsgktneoõk gk pölaoec6

RÏEKOENU EC\\GERNU BG P\GUGKRNEOÕK GK PÖLAOEC Wk prclagin, eck ga qug sugag gkmrgktnrsg ga gioscr gs ga kc snlgr eõic bgspanznrsg hnstn ga gsegknroc pnrn hnegr usc bg an pnanlrn y ukn vgz nhé, ecic uloenrsg, qug hnegr y quï kc hnegr iogktrns sg gktrn gk ecktnetc vgrlna eck ga pölaoec y, sclrg tcbc, kc snlgr eõic gipgznr, bgsnrrcaanr y eckeauor an gxpcsoeoõk. _ so n gstc ag suinics ga bgseckceoiogktc bg ans tïekoens crntcrons qug kcs pgriotgk dnknrkcs an soipntén bga pölaoec y ga pcbgr inktgkgracs lnfc kugstrc ecktrca, tgkgics ecic rgsuatnbc, ukn prgsgktneoõk crntcron bgsaueobn pcr an mnatn bg gxpgrogkeon y prcmgsocknao prcmgsocknaosic. sic.

h t t p 6 / / w w w . u s i p . g b u . p g / g s t u b o c s d g k g r n a g s / s / |7<

 

 

>. R\ÎKUORC OKOEONA Gs ga bgspanzniogktc qug hneg ga crnbcr bgsbg su uloeneoõk okoeona hnstn uloenrsg mrgktg na pölaoec gk ga gsegknroc. Okoeonaigktg, so kcs sgktoics iuy giceocknbcs okvcauern an gfgeueoõk bg nadukcs gfgreoeocs bg bostgksoõk y/c rganfniogktc ecic acs qug ecksodkîrnics gk enpétuacs nktgrocrgs. Na icigktc bg sgr nkukeonbcs hny qug agvnktnrkcs bg kugstrc nsogktc y enioknr eck knturnaobnb hneon kugstrn uloeneoõk gk ga gsegknroc: eugrpc grduobc y ukn sckrosn ndrnbnlag gk ga rcstrc, bgicstrnkbc eckmonkzn y sgdurobnb pgrsckna. Pckgr gspgeona euobnbc gk ga vgstobc n utoaoznrsg, ac euna bgpgkbgrî bga topc bg pölaoec na qug kcs borofnics, bga audnr y an censoõk gk an qug sg tgkdn qug hnegr usc bg an pnanlrn. Ga nsgc pgrsckna, gs ctrc nspgetc qug kc bglgics bgseuobnr: ga lnþc bonroc, an aoipogzn bg uþns, bg bogktgs y bg an envobnb luena. Gstc sg ecipagigktnk eck ga neoenaniogktc: pgoknbc, inquoaanfg y ecrtg bg uþns. Gstg proigr pnsc gs ga iîs oipcrtnktg pugs n igbobn qug ustgb vnyn bgspanzîkbcsg tcbns ans iornbns eckvgrdgrîk sclrg su pgrsckn, kc lnfg an enlgzn ko sg iugstrg nlcehcrknbc, na ecktrnroc, eniokg grduobc, sckrogktg y iornkbc na pölaoec. Nqué fugdn pnpga oipcrtnktg an nutcsudgstoõk pcsotovn pnrn nbquoror an Netotub Igktna Pcsotovn (N.I.P.). Igktnaigktg rgpétnsg pnanlrns bg naogktc6 ¡_ckcvcy n acdrnrac! ga igfcr boseursc bg io vobn! ¡_c kc tgkdc iogbc, ga iogbc gxostg gk io¡Lrokbnrï eugrpc! ¡Ucy uk troukmnbcr!