Supervivencia para Universitarios - Lucas Leys

 

_\TLZSASLGOA@ OA@ T@Z@ \GASLZ_AV@ZAB_ \GASLZ_AV@ZAB_ I\Å@ FL _\TLZSASLG l3:< - :40> F`kk`s, Vlx`s l3:< ©:40> pbr Kuo`s Klys Vbf`s k`s oat`s Jåjkao`s sbg fl k` Gulv` Jajka` `k Få` (GJF). Vr`fuoafb pbr= Sariaga` Jbgagb fl @kt`rl Faslð`fb pbr= Mu`g_nae`juhurbFlsaig ZL_LZS@FB_ VBFB_ KB_ FLZLONB_. A_JG= 19>-0-163949-1>-9

 

OBGVLGAFB OBEALG]@. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

T@ZVL 0 KB_ 04 NÀJAVB_ NÀJAVB_ FL P\ALGL_ P\ALGL_ _BJZLSASLG @ K@ \GASLZ_AF@F 3   2

04. O\ÀK L_ K@ ELV@2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 1. L_V@OABGL_ AGVLZELFA@_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0: >. FLCAGL V\_ TZABZAF@FL_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0< 9. \_@ L_B_ ZLO\Z_B_ FL_O\AF@FB_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :4 3. @TZLGFL @ FLOAZ P\L GB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :<

 

Iuå` f󰁬 suplrvavlgoa`

\GASLZ_AV@ZAB_

p`r` 

:: `ðbs ‟ Cr`o`sÿ lg su praelr gliboab. :? `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb lg k`s lklooabgls fl kliask`fbr. kliask`fbr. Gb pufb lgtr`r ` k` c`oukt`f fl flrlonb. :6 `ðbs ‟ _l flok`rÿ lg j`go`rrbt` y p`sÿ `ðbs p`i`gfb fluf`s. :< `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb gulv`elgtl lg k`s lklooabgls ` kliask`fbr. :3 `ðbs ‟ Ou`gfb lst`j` ` pugtb fl o`s`rsl, su gbva` c`kkloaÿ y qulfÿ obg lk obr`zÿg flstrbz`fb. flstrbz`fb. :9 `ðbs ‟ Vuvb ug` orasas glrvabs` y p`sÿ slas elsls lg o`e`. :1 `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb lg k`s lklooabgls p`r` rlprlslgt`gtl rlprlslgt`gtl flk Lst`fb. ?0 `ðbs ‟ Gb pufb cbre`r p`rtl flk Obkliab Lklotbr`k. ?6 `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb lg k`s lklooabgls p`r` lk Obgirlsb. ?9 `ðbs ‟ Cul gulv`elgtl flrrbt`fb lg k`s lklooabgls p`r` lk Obgirlsb. ?1 `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb pbr tlrolr` tlrolr` vlz lg k`s lklooabgls p`r` lk Obgirlsb. 64 `ðbs ‟ Cul rlon`z`fb p`r` p`r` ug tr`j`mb lg k` bffoag` fl btrb pbkåtaob. 6< `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb lg k`s lklooabgls p`r` lk _lg`fb. 69 `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb lg k`s agtlrg`s flk p`rtafb rlpujkao`gb p`r` o`gfaf`tb ` vaolprls vaolprlsaflgtl. aflgtl. 61 `ðbs ‟ Cul flrrbt`fb gulv`elgtl lg k`s lklooabgls p`r` lk _lg`fb.

?1

 

Iuå` f󰁬 suplrvavlgoa`

\GASLZ_AV@ZAB_

p`r` 

-:4) 

 Q sa sbebs nbglstbs, gb orlb orlb qul sl` fl tus c`vbratbs. Lg fle`sa`f`s bo`sabgls sl n` us`fb lstl tlxtb p`r` sbcbo`r jrbtls fl favlrsaÿg y slejr`r lg su kui`r oukp`s y tlebrls, y pbr lsb orlb qul n` safb e`k utakaz`fb. N`ol ug talepb lsorajå ug kajrb `olro` fl k` s`gtaf`f qul sl tatuk` «Faclrlgtl¸ y lg ák lxpkaob qul k` s`gtaf`f gb ls k` `elg`z` fl ug Fabs lgbm`fb sagb k` agvat`oaÿg fl ug Fabs `ebrbsb qul lst`jklol rlik`s pbrqul ls ug p`frl qul flsl` kb elmbr p`r` sus nambs. Fabs qualrl prbtlilrtl fl fbkbrls y nlraf`s agglols`ra`s y flsl` qul vav`s ug` vaf` pklg` y tr`solgflgtl y pbr lsb lk obr`zÿg fl lst`s p`k`jr`s gb ls kaeat`rtl sagb tr`lrtl ok`raf`f rlsplotb ` oÿeb vavar elmbr,, y `nå ls fbgfl kkliÿ k` nbr` fl `saeak`r k` afl` fl qul ouaf`r elmbr tu oulrpb ls oruoa`k p`r` kbir`rkb. Vu oulrpbflgb ls sbkby lk lstuonl `flMlsýs tu `ke`. rlobgboastl tu fl glolsaf`f plrfÿg `olpt`stl obeb_as`kv`fbr y slðbr

60

 

Iuå` f󰁬 suplrvavlgoa`

\GASLZ_AV@ZAB_

p`r` 

tu vaf`, talgls `k Lspåratu _`gtb fl Fabs o`eag`gfb obgtaib. Ák tl plreataÿ g`olr fl gulvb (Mu`g ?=3-9) y` qul Fabs saleprl lstuvb agtlrls`fb lg sbpk`r vaf` ` gulstr`s vaf`s. @obepàð`el `k pragoapab fl k` nastbra` flk puljkb fl Fabs. K` p`k`jr` sàj`fb prbvalgl fl ug táreagb nljrlb qul saigaffo` «fltlglrsl ` flso`gs`r¸. Lst` p`k`jr` `p`rlol pbr praelr` vlz lg k` Jajka` lg kbs e`gf`ealgtbs qul sl falrbg ` k` `gtaiu` g`oaÿg fl Asr`lk (Áxbfb 03=:?). Tbr lmlepkb, lk ou`rtb fl kbs Falz E`gf`ealgtbs faol= «@ouárf`tl fl bjslrv`r lk få` fl rlpbsb, ls floar, lk sàj`fb, obeb få` s`gtb. _las få`s fl k` sle`g` sbg p`r` kbs quln`olrls obtafa`gbs y lk tr`j`mb rliuk`r. Tlrb lk sáptaeb få` ls få` fl rlpbsb flk`gtl flk _LÐBZ tu Fabs¸. (Áxbfb :4=>-04`). Q` j`st`gtl `gtls fl lstb k` Jajka` `ffre`= «Q jlgfamb lk sáptaeb få` y kb agstatuyÿ obeb få` s`gtb, pbrqul lg lsl få` flso`gsÿ flspuás fl n`jlr orl`fb tbfb¸. (Iáglsas :=?). ²@i`rr`s k` bgf`2 Flsfl lk pragoapab Fabs flmÿ lg ok`rb qul lk flso`gsb lr` vat`k. Lk flso`gsb ls ug lsp`oab agtlgoabg`k p`r` ouaf`r tu oulrpb y rlgbv`r tu `ke` y `nbr` qul lrls eàs ir`gfl y` gb ls `kib qul fljl bourrar pbr k` prlsorapoaÿg fl tus p`frls, sagb pbrqul lrls kb suffoalgtlelgtl agtlkailgtl obeb p`r` rlobgbolr su v`kbr.

 Lk flso`gsb ls ug lsp`oab lsp`oab agtlgoabg`k  p`r` ouaf`r ouaf`r tu oulrpb y rlgbv rlgbv`r `r tu `ke󰁠 K` Jajka` talgl eàs rlclrlgoa`s `k flso`gsb, lk ibzb y `ug ` k` fflst` fl kbs qul euonbs rlkaiabsbs n`g s`jafb rlobgbolr. Tbr lmlepkb, lg klotur`s obeb Glnleå`s 0:=6?, _`kebs 0>, Trbvlrjabs 04=:? 04=:? y euon`s btr`s tlglebs k` slð`k fl qul Fabs faslðÿ `k slr nue`gb p`r` `ktlrg`r oaokbs fl tr`j`mb y flso`gsb p`r` e`gtlglr su

6:

 

Iuå` f󰁬 suplrvavlgoa`

\GASLZ_AV@ZAB_

p`r` 

vaf` lquakajr`f` y pbr lsb, `ugqul lg lstl kajrb qualrb `gae`rtl ` lstufa`r obg tbf`s tus culrz`s, t`ejaág tl qualrb slfuoar ` prlst`r `tlgoaÿg ` tu s`kuf y` qul ls vat`k p`r` sbjrlvavar ` lstbs `ðbs t`g lxtrlebs fl lstufab.

²Puá ouaf`r2 Kbs olgtrbs p`r` lk obgtrbk y k` prlvlgoaÿg fl lgclrelf`fls fl kbs Lst`fbs \gafbs (OFO pbr sus saik`s lg agikás) bcrlolg kbs saiualgtls obgslmbs p`r` kbs lstufa`gtls ugavlrsat`rabs y sus c`eaka`s= 0. Gutraoaÿg= \g` falt` j`k`gol`f` pulfl tlglr ug ir`g aep`otb lg tu slgtafb flk nuebr y pbr lgfl lg tu prlfaspbsaoaÿg `k lstufab. Fls`rrbkk` ug pk`g fl obeaf`s lquakajr`fb obg `kaelgtbs raobs lg prbtlåg`s, plrb sag fle`sa`f`s ir`s`s. Lvat` kbs rlcrlsobs `zuo`r`fbs y k`s jljaf`s lglriaz`g lglriaz`gtls tls qul lstàg rlpklt`s fl o`kbrå`s `faoabg`kls y qul tl fls`obebf`g lk sulðb y pulflg flslgo`flg`r prbjkle`s fl s`kuf ` obrtb y ` k`rib pk`zb. :. Lmlroaoabs= Vbfbs kbs p`ràeltrbs eáfaobs rlobealgf`g pbr kb elgbs trls nbr`s fl lmlroaoab cåsaob pbr sle`g` p`r` kbs lstufa`gtls ugavlrsat`rabs. _a bffoa`kelgtl pr`otao`s `kiýg flpbrtl lg cbre` sle`g`k, elmbr, plrb sa gb, us` tu orl`tavaf`f p`r` `sliur`rtl fl qul tu oulrpb `olklr` lk rateb o`rfå`ob ls`s trls nbr`s pbr sle`g`, kb ou`k lg rl`kaf`f saigaffo` quagol eagutbs pbr få` kbs saltl få`s b ug` nbr` o`f` fbs få`s. \s`r lso`klr`s y gb `solgsbrls, lst`oabg`r klmbs sa us`s `utbeÿvak b o`eag`r n`st` lk tr`gspbrtl pýjkaob, t`ejaág pulflg slr c`otbrls jlglffoabsbs. ?. @feagastr` jalg lk lstrás= Lstbs sbg `ðbs lstrls`gtls pbr g`tur`klz`. g`tur`klz `. Kbs lstufabs, k`s gulv`s bjkai`oabgls y tbfb kb

6?

 

Iuå` f󰁬 suplrvavlgoa`

\GASLZ_AV@ZAB_

p`r` 

qul qualrls flffgar ou`gtb `gtls n`ol qul kbs glrvabs y k`s leboabgls culrtls lstág ` ﬊br fl palk y pbr lsb ls euy aepbrt`gtl lgtlgflr kb fl kbs oaokbs fl flso`gsb qul lst`jkloaÿ lk _lðbr. Vu rlgfaealgtb tl fle`gf` ug julg flso`gsb. Lk qul e`k gbnuebr sbkb tlyfulrel lg `lkk``uk`, qul fulre`s tl pbgl fl e`k tl gujk`kulib k` vast` nbr`sagb fl kllr. Agokusb `jrl k` pulrt` ` k` flprlsaÿg y lg `kiug`s plrsbg`kaf`fls eàs prbokavls qul btr`s, ` kbs `t`quls fl pàgaob y pbr lsb ls vat`k gb sbkb flso`gs`r sagb favlrtartl. Zlårtl. _`kar y o`eja`r fl rateb. Ok`rb qul t`ejaág tl rlobealgfb pbglr tbf`s tus `gsalf`fls lg lk _lðbr ‖obeb faol Tlfrb= « Flmlg lg k`s e`gbs fl Fabs tbf`s sus prlboup`oabgls, prlboup`oabgls, pbrqul ák ouaf` fl ustlfls¸  (0  (0 Tlfrbb

 

Iuå` f󰁬 suplrvavlgoa`

\GASLZ_AV@ZAB_

p`r` 

_liur`elgtl n`jrà eàs `fuktbs ` tu `krlflfbr, plrb bjslrvlebs lk obepbrt`ealgtb fl lst`s fflr`s=

@feagastr`fbrls= @gtls fl kkli`r ` ug `uk`, p`s`ràs pbr `kiug` bffoag` p`r` agsorajartl lg kbs oursbs fl tu ugavlrsaf`f. Nby euonbs prbtbobkbs sbg bgkagl y lsb lvat` eàs tr`j`mb `feagastr`tavb, plrb gb pulfb lst`r sliurb fl qul tu prbolsb ls `så pbr kb qul fljb n`jk`rtl fl lst`s plrsbg`s qul p`rlolg tlglr ug rbk agsaigaffo`gtl y sag lej`rib pulflg o`eja`rtl tbt`kelgtl lk få`. Obg `feagastr`fbrls `feagastr`fbrls b `feagastr`tavbs `feagastr`ta vbs el rlfflrb ` tbf`s k`s plrsbg`s qul tr`j`m`g lg tu lxplralgoa` ugavlrsat`ra` ugavlrsat`ra` qul gb sbg qualgls f`g k`s ok`sls. Flsfl lk rliastrb, p`s`gfb pbr k` jajkabtlo` l agokusb pbsajklelgtl ` fbgfl obe`s, n`jrà plrsbg`s agvbkuor`f`s agvbkuor`f`s obg k`s qul fljlràs obgvavar pbr ug talepb aepbrt`gtl fl tu vaf`. ²Oÿeb `irli`r v`kbr obg lkkbs2  N`zkls  N`zkls su få` eàs càoak. _bgrål y `ir`flol `ugqul lkkbs sl pbgi`g facåoakls y fl ` pbob tl kbs i`g`ràs p`r` qul tl n`i`g k`s obs`s eàs càoakls. Kbs c`vbrls slejr`fbs sulklg slr c`vbrls obslon`fbs y sa lstàs lg ug` ugavlrsaf`f b c`oukt`f plqulð`, tbfbs n`jk`g obg tbfbs `så qul gb s`jls lx`ot`elgtl oÿeb tu tr`tb obg lkkbs pulfl rlplroutar lg tu rlk`oaÿg obgsue`g btrbs. bLst`s rlk`oabgls pulflg p`rlolr euy suplrffoa`kls, plrb rlst`g ` tus lglriå`s, nuebr y `tlgoaÿg `så qul prást`kls `tlgoaÿg.

Kbs c`vbrls slejr`fbs sulklg slr  c`vbrls obslon`fb󰁿 obslon`fb󰁿

61

 

Iuå` f󰁬 suplrvavlgoa`

\GASLZ_AV@ZAB_

p`r` 

Trbclsbrls. Zl`kelgtl gb aepbrt` ouàg julg` b e`k` n`y` safb tu rlk`oaÿg obg tus e`lstrbs flk slougf`rab8 lst` ls btr` lt`p` y lstl ls btrb tapb fl `gae`k. K` rlk`oaÿg slrà eàs klm`g`, `ugqul lsb gb saigaffo` qul ` lkkbs gb kls aepbrtl kb qul n`i`s. K` lt`p` prae`ra` y slougf`ra` talglg lk prbpÿsatb fl lgslð`rtl `kiugbs obgtlgafbs jàsaobs fl fastagt`s oalgoa`s, så, plrb t`ejaág lg ilglr`k kbs e`lstrbs lstàg cbre`fbs p`r` ebkfl`r tu o`ràotlr y cbre`r tu fasoapkag`. Lg k` ugavlrsaf`f gb. K` rlk`oaÿg ls eàs «oalgtåffo`¸. Vu obepbrt`ealgtb lg ok`sl p`rlol qul gb oulgt` lg t`gtb gb sl`s ug prbjkle` p`r` k` ok`sl, y euy r`r`elgtl kbs prbclsbrls ugavlrsat`rabs tl faràg sus bpagabgls `olro` fl tu pbstur`, tu `tlgoaÿg, tu tr`tb obg btrbs b tu vlstaelgt`. Lkkbs culrbg cbre`fbs p`r` gb n`olrkb. _liur`elgtl _liur`elg tl lgobgtr`ràs `kiugbs prbclsbrls c`gtàstaobs lg lk o`eagb, plrb n`jrà btrbs qul tl plrflràg obg ug nakb fl j`j` s`kalgfb fl tu jbo` lgtrl`jalrt` ou`gfb tl furealrbg ` kbs falz eagutbs fl obelgz`f` k` ok`sl. Fur`gtl lk slougf`rab tus e`lstrbs prlst`j`g `tlgoaÿg `k «prbolsb¸ fl tus lstufabs. _a lgtrli`j`s b gb kbs tr`j`mbs y oÿeb tl aj` ` lg kbs lxàelgls lr` ebtavb p`r` n`jk`rtl b agokusb p`r` `fvlrtar ` tus p`frls `k rlsplotb8 plrb lg lst` lt`p` lsl ls tu tr`j`mb y g`fal v` ` floartl g`f` n`st` qul tlreagl lk oursb y n`y`s fls`prbj`fb sa gb naoastl kb qul tl tbo`j`. Lstb tl pulfl kklv`r `k lgi`ðb fl orllr qul ` kbs prbclsbrls gb kls aepbrt` kb qul n`i`s. Ok`rb qul kls aepbrt`. Lkk` y ák vlg sa kkli`s t`rfl b tl v`s `gtls, `ug sa gb tl faolg g`f`. _l ebklst`g sa obels lg lk `uk` b n`ols ruafb b n`jk`s obg lk flk `k k`fb obeb ou`kqualr plrsbg` qul lstà n`oalgfb su tr`j`mb y kbs qul kb rbfl`g kb aigbr`g.