Summer Training Report for Mechanical Engineears

A PRACTICAL TRAINING ON LAKSHMI PRECISION SCREWS LIMITED (L.P.S) (HISSAR ROAD, ROHTAK)

SUBMITTED BY: RATNISH JINDAL (10505)

SUBMITTED TO: MR. AMIT KUMAR

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank Sh.Jitender anand {Senior Manager (H.R), LPS} who helped me in carrying out this project study, acting as the guiding spirit behind the compiling of this report and putting tremendous effort from his side to assist me as much as possible. .

I am also equally grateful to LPS and Sh.GOPAL BHUTANI (Senior Executive H.R) or his valuable suggestions and encouragement given to me from time to time.

I am also thankful to all EXECUTIVES OF DOCUMENTATION CENTRE, LPS for their time, and co-operation and helping attitude towards me, which made me complete this project.

(RATNISH)

1

PREFACE

As an integral part of Bachelor of technology (B.Tech) course, a student has to undergo a six weeks of the real construction world. Fulfilling this course curriculum, the project was under taken at LAKSHMI PRECISION SCREWS LIMITED (LPS),

The project work has been undertaken to analyze the industry in India in the liberalized economy with particular reference to LPS.

The following report will drive the reader an insight in to the inter plant manufacturing system based on standard production. The comparative analyze will enable to analyze trend of performance and present the picture of operation of LPS in pre – liberalization.

The report present a frame work (in liberalized environment) for the trend of production performance of the company, the change in the performance, the various factors leading to these changes, the expenditure on raw material, operating cost, production etc.

2

CONTENTS S.No. 1.

Topic

Page 4

History

2.

Organizational structure

5

3.

Location of plant

6

4.

Introduction (L.P.S) * Description of symbol

7

* Company Profile

8

5.

Exports

9

6.

Products

10

7.

Customers

12

8.

Plant internal layout of L.P.S

13

9.

Introduction of machines

16

10.

Heat treatment

22

11.

Materials used to manufacture screws and bolts

26

12.

Packaging

28

13.

Packaging system

29

14.

Maintenance department

29

15.

Preventive maintenance

30

16.

Personal department

31

17.

Study of plant incentive schemes

33

18.

Labour welfare schemes

34

3

HISTORY

Laxmi precision screws limited was started back in 1958 and is a creation of Seth/ b.c.Jain under the name of navbharat industries as a small industry. The plant was initially set op for indigenous manufacture of nuts & bolts of come limited sizes. It was one of the few industries producing nuts and bolts.

Growth in decade:-

1.

In 1960 the company turned into a limited and Seth. B.C. Jain was proposed as the chairman of the company. After turned into limited the company raised its products and variety in products and achieves the turnover around 10 crores.

2.

IN 70`s & 80`s In 70`s under the name navbharat industries it adopted new developed techniques and equipments and updated its products technology to confirm that adopted by leading producers of nuts and bolts. After the death of Seth B.C. Jain his elder son Seth R.K. Jain took the charge of the company as Chairman and renamed the company a LAKSHMI PRECISION SCREWS LTD. As L.P.S. the company becomes the market leader in screws and nuts and bolts. Lakshmi Precision Screws Ltd. L.P.S. Company which is famous in all over world was started in rohtak. Its owners were lived in rohtak in starting and as the knowing persons are telling that they were owners of a bicycle shop. They were started there company with a very small place and having three or four machines. Now a day’s L.P.S. Company having their plants in all our India.

4

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Sh. Lalit Jain

chairman & marketing director

Sh. R. K. Jain

managing director (export)

Sh.D.K.Jain

managing director (finance)

Sh. R.S. Mishra

general personal manager

Sh. Pardeep Dhawan

general manager plant

Sh. Rajiv gupta

engineering

Sh. S.P. Singh

deputy manager tool room

5

LOCATION OF PLANT

The company is situated on hissar road in distt. . Rohtak (Haryana).L.P.S Plant 1, 2 ltd. is nearly about 5 km. from bus stand and 3 km. from railway station. The company was located at one of the best location in rohtak in the direction of progress of the company. Location of the company is good enough to provide the all required facilities to the company. The company has got excellent manufacturing facilities and conditions manufacturing plant extending over a space of about 25-30 Acres.

6

INTRODUCTION TO L.P.S LTD (Description of symbol) Every logo present or describe its meaning for what purpose it was manufactured. Logo of any company is basically to describe the feeling & motivation of that company. This logo basically is the identification of that company. The company is identified by its logo. That`s why logo is very important for a company. The hexagon is a symbol of precision. The people related to L.P.S. are represented by view of hexagon nut. In the symbol the circle represent the co-process understanding, dedicating towards the workers duties like in quality circle. L.P.S. is the name itself (Lakshmi Precision Screw) in self-explanatory. Logo of any company is presenting its presence in market.

L.P.S. has above 20000 share holders ,more than 800 employees ,ancillary supplier and 850 dealers and stockiest all engaged in large scale involvement and sustained efforts to meet the ever winding market horizons of technological competence appropriate to India`s unique and changing needs. It achieved around a turnover of 60 crores in 1999 and exports products of 25 crores. L.P.S. attributes its success to a constellating of the Right people over motivated people. Striving for one goal-progress with one commitment perfection.

7

COMPANY PROFILE

Business Type

Exporter , Manufacturer

Capital in Dollars

US $44 million

Export Percentage

43%

Primary Competitive

ISO 9002 certification, QS-9000:1998 certification, ISO/TS 16949:1999

Advantages

certification, ISO 14001 certification, Volvo Global Supplier certification, indepth experienced caterer at reasonable prices.

Year of Establishment

1972

OEM Service Provided

No

Product Manufacturing

High Tensile, All En-Cap, Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Auto Wheel Bolts, Allen Key.

8

EXPORTS

The main products including sockets head cap screws, socket counter sunk screw, socket set screws and other fasteners have been supplied to Poland, U.S.A., West Germany, and England, Taiwan, Malaysia and many other countries. Now it is also supplying dowel pins and cotters to the other countries in bulk. Exercises its monopoly over its products market. In 80s it started importing some of the best equipments and m/cs, available in the world and started exporting its products at large scale. It started supplying their product to the best companies in the India is there fields.

Now Lakshmi precision screws have latest equipment and machines. Like bolt maker (30h.p.) chunzu 90,110,150 pieces/min. (Taiwan), threading machines Hartford (U.S.A.) national bolt maker (CHF-120) 250 pc`s/min. (Taiwan) thread rolling with vibratory feeding (Taiwan) (Chunzu), progressive our former 200 pc`s/min. lathe NCN national, H.M.T kiloskar and heat treatment m/c in collaboration with west Germany etc. , L.P.S. also exports its products works (30 crores to the carious countries in Asia and Europe such as England, U.S.A., plant, Malaysia etc. its products are used by reputed companies or automobile fields like Yamaha, Hero Honda, Escorts Tractors ltd.

Maruti Udyog ltd. Auto Bajaj etc. which dominates their market. LPS today ranks among the best industrial giants in Asia producing screws nuts and bolts, LPS phenomenal growth and success steam form the fact that all its products geared to meet the needs of the people. L.P.S. company is considered as the Asia`s No. 1 company manufacturing nuts and bolts. Its one plant (plant 1, rohtak) will manufacture nuts and bolts in crores.

PRODUCTS L.P.S. ltd. is to be considered in the NO.1 companies in Asia in manufacturing the nut & bolts. There are some pictures given below of models of nuts and bolts which are manufacturing in different plants of L.P.S.

9

L.P.S. ltd. is really considered in list of that companies which are trying to making some effort in development of our country, directly or in directly. Following are the products which are manufacturing in L.P.S.

Special Automotive Fasteners

Special Automotive Fasteners

Hex Nuts

LRS-01

LRS-02

LRS-03

Hex Head Bolts

Socket Set Screws

Socket Counter Sunk Head

LRS-04

LRS-05

Cap Screw LRS-06

10

Socket Button Head Cap

Socket Low Head Cap Screw

Socket Head Cap Screw

LRS-08

LRS-09

Turlock Bolts

Wheel Hub- Bolt

Axles

LRS-10

LRS-11

LRS-12

Screw LRS-07

11

Higher Torque Transfer LRS-15 Connecting Rod Bolt

Stud

LRS-13

LRS-14

CUSTOMERS L.P.S. providing their products, mainly nuts & bolts to many companies. Mainly these companies and products of LPS are related with each other mechanically. Following are some famous companies which are dealing with LPS.

Name of Companies

Logos/ Symbols



L&T





MUL





HMSI



12



TATA





M&M





EICHER





TVS





ESCORTS





BAJAJ

 PLANT LAYOUT

Plant layout of any company is important because it is one of that factors which increases the profits and decreases the inputs of the company. Good or bad arrangement of a company decided that company goes towards profits or not. Taking small area of land and making it more useful is the one of the forward steps towards success. The layout may be designed to reduce increasing production costs that gradually evolve from piecemeal expansion or to introduce an entire new process. Re-layout strikes for the maximizing production flow and labour effectiveness.

PLANT INTERNAL LAYOUT OF L.P.S According to the plant layout we know that there is a Security room, Reception room, Electrical control room, Office, Sampling room, Storage room, Workshop ,Generator room, Raw material room and other room like Canteen also. The small description is given below:

13

SECURITY GUARD ROOM:-

It is a small room, which is present on the main door, where a man sits who is known as security guard. As anyone comes, he makes contact to office and asks to permit. If he allow then open the gate and allow the guest to enter. The guard checks everyone before entering the industry and before leaving the industry. ELECTRIC ROOM:In this room electric supply is maintained and controlled .there are many electricians are so that they can maintain the supply to the industry. If the supply s not complete the machine can’t work. Every machine has to work for full hours.

RECEPTION ROOM:This is a very important place in the industry because all the people entering in the industry directly contact on the reception counter. All customers can call to the reception to know about the timing and dealing.

OFFICE:It is a place where al the official work is done such as maintaining accounts etc. There is a waiting room also and a separate room for manager and Director. The office is fully A.C. and the staffs members are behave very well to me.

RAW MATERIAL ROOM:It is basically a godown where different types of raw materials are stored. All the raw material is quickly send to the required machine by small tractors. So there is no problem to labour on a machine regularly.

14

STORAGE ROOM:-

Storage room is that room where all complete products are store for send them to their working places. Store room is dry from water and other different types of corrosion conditions. Products are very safe from any bad conditions.

DISTRIBUTOR ROOM:-

The LPS is a famous company in Haryana. It distributes the materials for making the jobs in small workshops in the city. Different Workshops do different work such as drilling, turning, packing etc. So before giving the material for making the jobs note and it is done in that room.

FABRICATION YARD:-

It is a big hall where many machines are installed. The latest technology machines are also present such as CNC machine etc. there are different workshops for different works like drilling, turning, threading, shaping, cold forging etc. there be many workers who worked continuously for many hours. A supervisor is appointed who controls all the work done in the workshop. In the workshop there are many ventilators and fans. GENRATOR ROOM:-

It is a room where generators are installed, these generator are heavy power generator, which used when there is a power cut ff o r any disturbances by the electricity. If there is not sufficient electricity to run machine then it will not give it complete there is loss of time and economy.

15

CANTEEN:It is a room where the staff member’s or workers get refreshments such as tea, coffee and lunch etc. Outside of industry many Dhaba are present where also workers do lunch, tea etc

INTRODUCTION OF MACHINES L.P.S. is manufacturing nuts and bolts and other products using different types of operations by different machines. That`s why it is important to know the introduction of machines (parts, purpose of machines) before knowing manufacturing procedure.

MACHNES USED IN L.P.S. PLANT 1:Machines are the main parts of a company. To construct a company we need to provide all important need to the company and machines are the one of main needs of a company. Actually machines and other needs are relative to each other, they cannot work without each other.

The following machines are used in L.P.S. plant 1, rohtak to manufacture nuts & bolts and other products.  Header Machine  Trimming Machine  Bolt maker  Flat Rolling  Round rolling  CNC machine  Traub machine

16

PUNCH BLOCK (MOVABLE)

CUT OFF HEADING

DIE SIDE (STATIONARY)

CONING EXTRUSION

TRIMMING

17

SOME OF THE MACHINES USED IN COLD HEADING (1)

Progressive bolt former

(Chun Zu)

Taiwan

(2)

Progressive bolt former

(30hp, 90,110,150)

national

(3)

Progressive former

(200 max pcs/ min.)

National

(4)

Progressive nut former

(hp cutter +5 quill +4 piercing dies)

(5)

Progressive nut former

(cnf 120, 250 pcs/min)

18

THREADS AND THREAD CUTTING The subject of threads and threading is of the prime importance to an Engineer, because nearly every piece of equipment will have some form of screw Thread or other in it. Most of the machine parts are held together, adjusted or moved by threads of many sizes and kinds. Threads are commonly used for the following Purposes:

(1) as fasteners

(2) to transmit power or motion

(3) for adjustment

SOME OF THE MACHINE USED IN THREAD MAKING (1) Threading machine hart fort hopper feeding u.s.a.

(2) Threading machine chun zu vibratory feeding Taiwan

(3) Threading machine national vibratory feeding japan

And other machines from main companies of India e.g. H.M.T. Kirloskar, pragma ltd. With automatic feeding or manually controlled

19

MILLING When threads are cut by milling, the thread is formed by a revolving milling Cutter shaped to conform to the sharp to thread desired. Either single or multiple Cutters may be used. In the case of single cutter, all the cutting edges lie in one plane. The multiple cutters consist of several annular rows of cutting teeth. A hob may be used for cutting threads, in which case the teeth lie along a helix. The disadvantage of the hob type cutter is that is must revolve with a fixed relation to the work; this is Not true of the cutter with annular teeth. Milled threads may be external or internal. The only in station being the size of hole in which a cutter may be inserted. The threads cut b this method are more? Accurate than those cut by a die but not as accurate as those cut with grinding Wheel.

Some of the milling machines used in milling operation in tool room is:

(1)

Milling m/c vertical

f 1-v

bfw

(2)

Milling m/c vertical

m2-v

hmt

(3)

Milling m/c horizontal

f1-h

brw

(4)

Milling m/c horizontal

m2-h

hmt

(5)

Milling m/c horizontal

m2ph

hmt

GRINDING Internal or external threads can be finish ground by means or a single or multiple edge-grinding wheels. The threads are cut as grinding wheel (having Annular thread grooves formed around its periphery) and work rotate. A vitrified bond is generally used with a fine grit of about 60, the process is carried on a special grinding machine having a master led screw and gears and means of holding the work.

20

The wheel rotates at 30 m/sec. and work is rotated slowly. In the case of hardened stock probably grinding is the only means of forming threads. The accuracy of grinding exceeds that of any other method and finish is exceeded only by good thread rolling pitch diameter can be ground to an accuracy of +0.002 mm per 2.5 cm and accuracy of lead may be maintained within 0.007mm in 50 cm of thread length, grinding eliminates tiny cracks due to hardening and also tearing is always present to some extent in any material removal method.

Some of the grinding machine uses in grinding operation in tool room are:1.

Universal Tool & Cutter

3A-6A

Stanlso Import

Grinder 0200*500

2.

Off-hand pedestal double wheel

Net

Net 12” grinder 0300

3.

Surface grinding m/c 200*600 SFW 200

4.

Internal Grinder

5.

Cylindrical

Grinder

WMW

FORT VNA

G13-11

21

HMT

HEAT TREATMENT Heat treatment is an important operation in the manufacturing process of machine parts and tools. It may be defined as an operation of heating and cooling of metals in the solid state to induce certain desired properties into them Heat treatment can after the mechanical properties of steel by changing the size and shape of the grains of which it is composed, or by changing its micro constituents.

It is generally employed for the following purpose a) To improve machinability b) To change or refine grain size. c) To relieve the stresses of the metal induced during cold or hot working. d) To improve mechanical properties. E.g. tensile strength, hardness, ductility, shock resistance to corrosion etc. e) To improve magnetic and electrical properties. f) To increase resistance to wear, heat and corrosions. g) To produce a hard surface of ductile interior.

The most commonly used operations of heat treatment are: I. II.

annealing normalizing

III.

hardening

IV.

quenching

V. VI.

isothermal hardening tempering

VII.

austempering

VIII.

case hardening

22

I.

ANNEALING

It is one of the widely used operations is heat treatment of iron and steel and is defined as the softening process in which iron base alloys are heated above the transformation range in the furnace itself . Alternatively, the steel may be transferred into pearlite (final cooling can be done instill air). The success of annealing depends upon controlling the formation of austenite, and the subsequent transformation of the austenite at high sub critical temp. Various types of any annealing treatments are:a) process annealing b) patenting c) full annealing d) spheroidising e) isothermal hardening

II.

NORMALIZING

According to American society of material testing, it is defined as the process in which iron base alloys ate heated 40 to 50 degree C above the upper transformation range and held there for a specified period ( to ensure that a fully austenite structure is produced) and followed by cooling in still air at room temperature.

The heating or hypo-eutectoid steel is done above the upper critical temp/ the normalized steel consists of ferrite and pearlite for hypo-eutectoid, and pearlite and cementite for hypo-eutectoid steel. Normalizing operation of steel is carried out to improve the machining characteristics, define grain size and homogenize microstructure modify and refine cost dendritic structure and provide desired properties.

23

III.

HARDENING According to A.S.M.T. it is defined as the heat-treatment process in which steel is heated to 200C above the transformation range, soaking at this temperature for a considerable period to ensure through penetration of the Temperature inside the components, followed by continuous cooling to room temperature by quenching in water, oil or brine solution the rate of cooling is controlled by quenching medium. The mediums are:Solution of salt or caustic soda. High flash point/clean water from grease of soap. Blast by dry air.

IV.

QUENCHING

Quenching can be desirable as an operation that provides for the rapid cooling as steel from as high temperature such as room temperature. Media can be classified into five categories:a) brine b) water c) solution of special compound oils (NAOH& HCL in water) d) air

V.

ISOTHERMAL HARDENING

It is conducted similar to broken hardening; the only difference that in the first operation. The part treated is kept in fused salt until the AR transformation is completed. Line table in fig. represent isothermal hardening operation. The steel subjected to isothermal hardening as a structure consisting of acicular true stile. The hardness obtained by this process is lover the in case of broken hardening process. The fact that is some ease there is no need to carry out tempering after the isothermal hardening operation constitutes one important advantage isothermal hardening.

24

A new method of hardening, the so-called bright hardening, is of great Practical interest. In this method the metal is heated in salt baths and subsequently cooled in fused alkalis (NAOH, koh & their other mixtures). The surface before treatment is well cleaned and no oxide formation takes place afterwards. It is used for bolts and small parts.

VI.

TEMPERING

According to A.S.M.T. it is defined as the reheat process, reheating being carried out under sub critical temperature. Such a reheating permitting the trapped marten site to transform into true stole or sorbet depending on the tempering temperature and relieve the internal stresses. Toughness and strength. It is an operation used to modify the properties of steel hardened by quenching for the purpose of increasing its usefulness.

Tempering is divided into three classes according to the usefulness of steel required. a) low temperature tempering (heated nearly 20 degree C) b) medium temperature ( heated from 250degree to 550degree C) c) high temperature tempering ( steel is heated from 350degree to 550 degree C)

VII.

AUSTEMPERING Austempering is a kind of tempering process which holding the steel in a molten salt bath having temperature of 250 to 500 C above the critical temperature when the structure consists purely of austenite. The part is then quenched at sufficient rate to a void transformation to ferrite and partite and is held at quenching temperature for a time sufficient to give complete transformation to intermediate structures referred as binate. It is then cooled to room temperature.

25

VIII. CASE HARDENING

This process is used to produce a high surface hardness for wear resistance supported by a tough shockresisting core it is the process of carbonization such that saturating the surface layer of steel with carbon to about 0.9% or some other process by which case is hardened and core remains soft. The carbonized steel is then heated and quenched, so that only the surface layers will respond, and the core remaining soft and though since, its carbon content is low. Various processes of case hardening are: a) Carburization b) Nitrating c) Cyaniding d) Induction hardening e) Flame hardening

MATERIAL USED TO MANUFACTURE SCREWS AND BOLTS 1) COPPER- SILICON ALLOYS 2) COPPER-ZINC ALLOYS (61.5%CU, 35.5%ZN, 3%LEAD) 3) IS: 1679-1960 mild steel wire suitable for manufacture of machine Screws by Cold heading process. 4) Wrought iron

FOR DIES PUNCHES AND TAPS

1. 1.1 to 1.2 carbon content-taps, thread metal dies. 2. 0.60 to 0.70 carbon content- bolt heading dies. 3. 0.60 to 1.20 carbon content- dies punches and taps.

26

(AFTER ALL PROCESS AND OPERATIONS) 27

PACKAGING In the modern world most of the goods are available in packages. The packaging protects and preserves the goods and offer convenience in transport, handling and sales also. The goods in packaging should retain then original form, shape and properties, the packages should be convenient and attractive. A primary package is the one, which comes in contact with the product. Therefore, the selection of material plays a vital role and it should be compatible with the product to be packed. The main function of a transport package is to give the required protection to the packaged commodity against incidental hazards during transportation handling and storage.

The fundamental factors affecting the design of packages are:a) Product characteristics b) Modes of distribution c) Marketing consideration

The technical considerations which influence the packages design ate hazards during transportation, such as shocks, and vibrations, transmitted to the product during transportation by rail, road, sea and air. Hazards during handling, such as impact due to drop, compression and puncture. Hazards during storage (for e.g. the greater the tacking height in a warehouse, the more the need for strong and rigid package to with stand compression) and; hazards due to climate change. The packaging should be of best quality can be produced at competitive price. Various materials used for packaging are plastics, metal, glass, wood and paper (including corrugated packaging).

Now mechanical packing times ate employed and folly automated high speed productions systems are being introduced. Traditional packaging materials like tin and glass ate being forced to give way to plastics and paper the whole concept is to give the consumer the most economical packaging material.

28

PACKAGING SYSTEM

There are three major in any packaging operation. 1) the package 2) the packaging machinery 3) the operating and maintenance personnel

MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT Basically the reason for operating a maintenance-engineering group is to attend the day to day problems of keeping the physical plant machinery, building, services in goods operating condition

SCOPE Although in practice the scope of the activities of maintenance Eng. Dept. is different in each plant or in institution and is enhanced by plant size and type, company policy and industry- wide and sectional precedent, it’s possible to group these activities into the two general classification-primary function, secondary function that are assigned to the dept. for the reasons of expediency, know how as precedent.

PRIMARY FUCTION 1) Maintenance of existing plant equipment. 2) Maintenance of existing plant building and groups. 3) Equipment’s inspections and distribution. 4) Utilization generation and distribution. 5) Alternation to existing equipment and building. 6) New installations of equipment and the buildings.

SECONDARY FUNCTION 1) store keeping 2) plant protection

29

3) waste disposal 4) salvage 5) Other services just like property accounting pollution and noise control the maintenance egg. Dept. seems to be cure for many other odd activities that no other single dept. can handle. Although it’s human increase the scope of one’s dept., care must be taken not to dilute the primary responsibilities of the maintenance area to handle their secondary services.

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

One of the most important tool in minimizing down time, whether as not a conventional preventive maintenance program impossible is called ‘preventive engg.’ Although this would appear to be the application of common sense of equipment design maintenance engineers it’s the field which is often neglected often maintenance engineers are so busy handling emergency repair as in other day to day activities that they found no opportunity to analyze the cause for breakdown which keeps them so fully occupied while most engineers keep their eye open in details such as better packing longer wearing and improvised lubrication system, true preventive engineering goes further than this and consists of actually setting

as idea specific amount of technical man power of analyze accidents of breakdown and

determine where the real effort is needed, then though redesign substitution changes and specification or other similar reducing the frequency of breakdown and cost repairs.

These can be handled by special group acting, as a cost of reduction unit or it can be included as one of the function of the maintenance engineers. It should be emphasized however that this type of the program required intelligent direction to ensure that time and money are expanded in the areas where the most returns likely a particularly pump, operating under unusual conditions, show a high incidence of failure but because of simplicity of design and repairs has a low total maintenance cost and if it were the one of its type in plant, as intensive investigation for maintenance cost reduction would be difficult to justify on the other hand a simple component such as capstan bearing on spinning machine, although having a low unit replacement cost, can fail so often and on so many machines that the total cost per year would turn to many thousand collars.

30

Here an investigation can controlled on the reasons for failure of one unit could be extremely be profitable. Effective preventive engineering can result only when it is recognized as an independent activity of is search nature.

PERSONAL DEPARTMENT 1) recruitment 2) general policy 3) reservation 4) training/placement 5) industrial relation 6) welfare activities

1) RECRUITMENT It is based upon the workload for a predetermined target and is done with the consent of the managing director. The qualification standard for each post is laid down as approved by the M.D.

2) GENERAL POLICY According to the company all the promotion vacancies are fulfilled through internal recruitment. Usually recruitment from outside is for the workmen grade category administration dept. and trainees in the technical dept.

3) RESERVATION For persons of project area and the state in which the project is situated are given some preferences for recruitment for posts of lower grade. All the unskilled workers can be recruited from the project area and

31

first preference is given to the persons displaced from the project ate provided they satisfy all the other conditions.

In the case of skilled workers, clerks and other staff member whose scale of pay are comparatively low and whose basic qualification and experience are equal, preference can be given in order of priority as mentioned above. The vacancies are also notified to the local employment exchange and they sponsor candidates belonging to the state. In the case of medium level technical and non-technical posts having high salaries. Recruitment is done in all Indian basic.

4) TRAINING/PLACEMENT The company has different types training programs. Trainees are trained to improve the basic skill and work knowledge on the basic machine. After completion of the two years training the specialist trainees, engineer trainees, technician trainees and trade trainees ate posted as foreman and two increments.

5) PROMOTION GUIDELINE In almost all cases the vacant posts are fulfilled by promotion from the concerned for placement to higher post by promotion principle. The promotion shall only be to the next higher post in the wage section. Promotion shall be considered only when they have secured minimum period of eligibility in the lower post. Change of trade on promotion will be permitted in exceptional cases on the basis tests and interviews. Promotion of employee should be considered one month after the date of increment in the lower scale. Promotion will be made on the merit and seniority basic.

6) WELFARE ACTIVITIES As per factories act following are the welfare activities for worker and staff.

32

STATUTORY ACTIVITIES

1) provision of toilets 2) provision of drinking water 3) Separate washing facilities. 4) Sitting facilities inside the factory 5) First-aid and medical facilities 6) Subsidized

canteen facilities

7) Rest room and lunch rooms 8) Apartments of welfare officers For every 2000 employees there will be one welfare officer. For every additional 500 employees, one additional officer is posted.

NON –STATUTORY ACTIVITIES 1) transportation facilities 2) quarters/housing 3) house building allowance scheme 4) uniforms 5) recreation activities 6) death relief

STUDY OF PLANT INCENTIVE SCHEMES The workers are encouraged to achieve more production through a cash incentive scheme. The amount of cash incentive is directly proportional to increase production and different amounts are prescribed for

33

each category of workers according to certain slabs foxed for the increase in number than the minimum fixed for a day. The rate of monetary incentives, however, changes from time to time.

LABOUR WELFARE SCHEMES The following labour welfare schemes are in operation in the Company

1) WELFARE ITEMS

as per policy of the company, welfare items like shoes, socks, raincoat leathers jackets, winter uniform, towels, goggles, caps, glass tumblers and coffee mugs are procured centrally by the Company and are distributed to the workers as per norms fixed for each items fixed for each items. 2) SPORTS ACTIVITIES The company has made adequate arrangement for providing recreation to the workers by encouraging sports activities among them. Sports kits and other material is pressured by the company for distribution among the interested workers. There is arrangement for indoor as well as outdoor games.

Competitions even at the state level ate organized and workers participation is encouraged and ensured by extending all help, financial and otherwise. There is regular system of issuing circular for participation in various games, sports, among the workers.

3) FAIR & FESTIVAL/CULTURAL ACTIVITIES The company arrangement community celebration of major fairs and festivals like gurupurab, janmashtmi, Diwali and New Year day, etc. in a benefiting manner.

34

4) TOURS Trips to different places of educational and recreational interest to the workers are also arranged by the company from time to time. 5) WELFARE TRUST A welfare trust known as the L.P.S’s employee welfare limited is also running for the various welfare activities of the employees.

6) WORKER EDUCATION SCHEME To provide facilities to the worker and their families in the field of education, company runs schools nearby and also provides transport at subsidized, rates to the children pursuing higher studies away from the company’s complex. Other welfare activities include arranging for blood donation and family planning camps for the benefits of workers, and providing facilities for postal life insurance. Death relief fund is also being maintained.

35