Summary of Doctrines Civil Law
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SUMMARY OF DOCTRINES
PERSONS AND FAMILY FAMILY RELATIONS MARRIAGES Decree of Divorce Merope Enriquez Vda. de
The Supreme Supreme Cou Court rt had already already ruled ruled that under the priniple priniple! ! o"
Catalan v. Louella Catalan-Lee G.R. No. 183622 February 8, 2012
omity, our #uri!dition reo$ni%e! a &alid di&ore obtained by a !pou!e o" "orei$n nationality.
MARRIAGES Declaration of Preu!ptive Deat" Repu#lic of t"e P"ilippine$ v. %olanda Cadacio Granada G.R. No. 18'(12 )une 13, 2012
The belie" o" the pre!ent !pou!e mu!t be the re!ult o" proper and hone!t to $oodne!! in*uirie! and e""ort! to a!ertain the +hereabout! o" the ab!ent !pou!e and +hether the ab!ent !pou!e i! !till ali&e or i! alr alrea eady dy dead dead.. h heth ether er or no nott th the e !pou!e !pou!e pre!ent pre!ent a ated ted on a +ell+ell"ound "ou nded ed belie belie"" o" deat death h o" the ab ab!e !ent nt !p !pou! ou!e e depe depend nd! ! up upon on the in*uirie! to be dra+n "rom a $reat many irum!tane! ourrin$ ourrin$ be"ore and a"ter the di!appearane o" the ab!ent !pou!e and the nature and etent o" the in*uirie! made by pre!ent !pou!e.
V&ID MARRIAGES 'i(a!ou Marria(e Merlinda Cipriano Monta)e v. Lourde *a+oloa Ciprian G.R. No. 18108/ tober 22,2012
The element! o" the rime o" bi$amy are a the o""ender ha! been le$ally married4 b the marria$e ha! not been le$ally di!!ol&ed or, in a!e hi! or her !pou!e i! ab!ent, the ab!ent !pou!e ould not yet be pre!umed dead aordin$ to the Ci&il Code4 that he ontrat! a !eond !eo nd or !ub! !ub!e*ue e*uent nt marria$ marria$e4 e4 and d the !eond !eond or !ub!e*u !ub!e*uent ent marr ma rria$ ia$e e ha! ha! all the e!! e!!ent entia iall re re*u *ui!i i!ite! te! "or &alidi &alidity ty.. Th The e "elony "elony i! on!ummated on!umma ted on the elebration o" the !eond marria$e or !ub!e*uent marria$e.
A,,LME,* & MARRIAGE P/c"olo(ical Incapacit/ Ara#elle 0. Mendoza v. Repu#lic of t"e P"ilippine and Do!inic Mendoza G.R. No. 1('65/ No&ember 12, 2012
&en i" the epert opinion! o" p!yholo$i!t! are not ondition! sine qua non in non in the $rantin$ o" petition! "or delaration o" nullity o" marria$e, the atual medial eamination o" 7ominia +a! to be di!pen!ed +ith only i" the totality o" e&idene pre!ented +a! enou$h to !upport a "indin$ o" hi! p!yholo$ial p!yholo$i al inapaity inapaity.. Thi! did not mean that the pre!entation o" any "orm o" medial or p!yholo$ial e&idene to !ho+ the p!yholo$ial inapaity +ould ha&e automatially en!ured the $rantin$ o" the petition "or delaration o" nullity o" marria$e.
Repu#lic of t"e P"ilippine v. Court of Appeal G.R. No. 1(/(/5 No&ember 12, 2012
The Court ha! delared the ei!tene or ab!ene o" the p!yholo$ial inapaity ba!ed !tritly on the "at! o" eah a!e and not on a priori a!!umpti a!!u mption!, on!, pre predile diletio tion! n! or $enerali $enerali%ati %ation!. on!. ndeed, ndeed, the inapai inapaity ty !hould be e!tabli!hed by the totality o" e&idene pre!ented durin$ trial, ma9in ma 9in$ $ it in inum umbe bent nt upon upon the pe petit tition ioner er to !u !u""i ""iie ientl ntly y pr pro&e o&e the ei!tene o" the p!yholo$ial inapaity. 1
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PR&PER*% RELA*I&,S 'E*1EE, 2S'A,D A,D 1IE E3cluive Propert/ of Spoue Antonia R. Dela Pe)a$ et al. v. Ge!!a Re!il/n C. Avila and ar Eat 'an4 5 *rut Co.
The phra!e :married to; i! merely de!ripti&e o" the i&il !tatu! o" the +i"e and annot be interpreted to mean that the hu!band i! al!o a re$i!tered o+ner. :Sine there i! no !ho+in$ a! to +hen the property in *ue!tion +a! a*uired, the "at that the title i! in the name o" the +i"e
G.R. No. 18'5/0 February 8, 2012
alone alon e i! dete determin rminati&e ati&e o" it! nature nature a! paraph parapherna ernal, l, i.e., belon$in$ belon$in$ elu!i&ely to !aid !pou!e.;
PR&PER*% RELA*I&,S 'E*1EE, 2S'A,D A,D 1IE Cri!inal Inde!nitie Pana v. 2eir of 0oe 0uanite$ Sr. G.R. No. 165201 7eember 10, 2012
Contrary Contra ry to "ren "reneleia, out o" the partner!hip a!!et! a!!e t! e&en e&en be"o be"ore re the! the!e e are li*uidated. li*uidated. ndeed, ndeed, it !tate! !tate! that !uh indemnitie! :may be en"ored a$ain!t the partner!hip a!!et! a"ter the re!pon!ibilitie! enumerated in the preedin$ artile ha&e been o&ered.;
PR&PER*% RELA*I&,S 'E*1EE, 2S'A,D A,D 1IE 1"en no A(ree!ent in t"e Marria(e Settle!ent 'ri(ido '. 6uiao$ v. Rita C. 6uiao$ 7itc"ie C. 6uiao$ Loti C. 6uiao$ Petc"ie C. 6uiao$ Rita 6uiao G.R. No. 1'6((6 )uly 5, 2012
=t the time o" the ehan$e o" marital &o+!, the operati&e la+ +a! the Ci&il Code o" the ?hilippine! R.=. No. 386 and !ine they did not a$ree on a marria$e !ettlement, the property relation! bet+een the petitioner and the re!pondent i! the !y!tem o" relati&e ommunity or on#u$al partner!hip o" $ain!.
SPP&R* Eta#li"!ent of iliation C"arle Gotardo v. Divina 'ulin( G.R. No. 16(166 =u$u!t 1(, 2012 2012
There are "our !i$ni"iant proedural a!pet! o" a traditional paternity a ati tion on that that pa parrtie! tie! ha ha&e &e to "a "ae e a prima facie a!e a!e,, a""irmat a""irmati&e i&e de"en de"en!e! !e!,, pr pre!u e!ump mptio tion n o" le le$it $itim imay ay,, an and d phy!i phy!ial al re re!em !embla blane ne bet+een the putati&e "ather and the hild.
PARE,*AL A*2&RI*% PARE,*AL A *2&RI*% Guardian"ip A#ad v. 'iaon G.R. No. 1/1//3 )uly (, 2012
t i! a +ell-e!tabli!hed rule that the relation!hip o" $uardian and +ard i! nee!!arily terminated by the death o" either the $uardian or the +ard. The !uper&enin$ e&ent o" death rendered it pointle!! to del&e into the propriety o" @ia!onaura ha! already been di!!ol&ed.
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SUMMARY OF DOCTRINES
PROPERTY PRESCRIP*I&, Application to Re(itered Land Ro(elio 0. 0a4oale! and Godofredo '. Dulfo v. Ro#erto S. 'aran(an G.R. No. 1'(02( February 1(, 2012
)uri!prudene on!i!tently hold! that Apre!ription and lahe! an not apply to re$i!tered land o&ered by the Torren! !y!temA beau!e Aunder the the ?r ?rop oper erty ty Re$i Re$i!t !tra rati tion on 7er 7eree ee,, no ti titl tle e to re re$i $i!t !ter ered ed la land nd in de dero ro$a $ati tion on to that that o" the the re re$i $i!t !ter ered ed o+ne o+nerr !h !hal alll be a a*u *uir ired ed by pre!ription or ad&er!e po!!e!!ion.A
P&SSESSI&, Accion Pu#liciana *olentino et al. v. Laurel et al. G.R. No. 181368 February 22, 2012
VSD Realt/ 5 Develop!ent Corporation v. ni8ide Sale$ Inc. and Dolore 'aello *e+ada G.R. No. 1'06'' tober 25, 2012
t i! a rule that a erti"iate o" title annot be the !ub#et o" ollateral atta9. =! pro&ided in Setion 58 o" ?re!idential 7eree No. 1(2/ it annot be altered, modi"ied, or aneled, eept in a diret proeedin$ in aordane +ith la+.
The reo&ery o" po!!e!!ion o" the !ub#et property doe! not depend on pro&in$ pro& in$ +hether or not the re!pond re!pondent< entetropolitan Trial Court may pa!! upon !uh i!!ue!.
,LA1L DE*AI,ER 1"en Poeion 'eco!e Ille(al iorello R. 0oe v. Ro#erto Alfuerto$ Erneto 'aca/$ Ilu!inado 'aca/$ et. al.$ G.R. No. 16/380 No&ember 26, 2012
The de"endant= i! i" at any $i&en time, Goldloop abandon! the on!trution or other+i!e ommit any breah o" it! obli$ation! and ommitment! thereunder.
P.L. / Realt/ Corporation v. ALS Mana(e!ent and Develop!ent Corporation and Antonio S. Liton+ua G.R. No. 166562 tober 25, 2012
=rt. 1306 o" the Ci&il Code $uarantee! $uarantee! the "reedom o" partie! to !tipulate the term! o" their ontrat pro&ided that they are not ontrary to la+, moral!, $ood u!tom!, publi order, or publi poliy. Thu!, +hen the pro&i!ion! o" a ontrat are &alid, the partie! are bound by !uh term! under the priniple that a ontrat i! the la+ bet+een the partie!.
C&,*RAC* Requiite to C"aracterize a Contract a Entered into upon uture In"eritance Mila(ro De 'elen Vda. De Ca#alu et al. V. Sp. Renato *a#u and Dolore La3a!ana G.R. No. 18851' September 25, 2012
?ara$raph 2 o" =rtile 135', harateri%e! a ontrat entered into upon "uture inheritane inheritane a! &oid. The la+ applie! +hen the "ollo+in$ re*ui!ite! re*ui!ite! onur 1 the !ue!!ion ha! not yet been opened4 2 the ob#et o" the ontrat "orm! part o" the inheritane4 and 3 the promi!!or ha!, +ith re!pet to the ob#et, an epetany o" a ri$ht +hih i! purely hereditary in nature.
C&,*RAC* or! of Contract La(ri!a de 0eu =rtile 13(8 o" the Ci&il Code pro&ide! that at! and ontrat! +hih :a!ora v. Sp. 'eatriz ha&e "or their ob#et the tran!mi!!ion o" real ri$ht! o&er immo&able :a!ora 2idal(o Miranda property or the !ale o" real property mu!t appear in a publi doument. and Arturo Miranda et. al. " the la+ re*uire! a doument or other !peial "orm, the the ontratin$ partie! may ompel eah other to ob!er&e that "orm, one the ontrat partie! G.R. No. 162/30 ha! been per"eted. 7eember (, 2012
C&,*RAC* Stipulation in avor of a *"ird Peron Sp. 'en+a!in Ma!aril v. *"e 'o/ Scout of t"e P"ilippine G.R. No. 1'/382 )anuary 15, 2013
" a ontrat !hould ontain !ome !tipulation in "a&or o" a third per!on, he ma may y de dema mand nd it! it! "u "ul" l"il illm lmen entt pr pro& o&id ided ed he omm ommun uni iat ated ed hi hi! ! aeptane to the obli$or be"ore it! re&oation. = mere inidental bene"it or intere!t o" a per!on i! not !u""iient.
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SUMMARY OF DOCTRINES
C&,*RAC* Perfection of Contract 2eir of auto C. I(nacio v. 2o!e 'an4er Savin( and *rut Co!pan/ G.R. No. 1'''83 )anuary 23, 2013
The aeptane mu!t be idential in all re!pet! +ith that o" the o""er !o a! to produe on!ent or meetin$ o" the mind!. here a party !et! a di""erent purha!e prie than the amount o" the o""er, !uh aeptane +a! *uali"ied +hih an be at mo!t on!idered a! a ounter-o""er4 a per"e per "eted ted o ontr ntra att +ould +ould ha ha&e &e ari ari!en !en on only ly i" the other other party party ha had d aepted thi! ountero""er.
SIMLA*ED C&,*RAC* 'indin( Effect and Enforcea#ilit/ Eillaeran &. 7e Gu%man G.R. No. 16/0(( February 22, 2012
" the partie! !tate a "al!e au!e in the ontrat to oneal their real a$reement, the ontrat i! only relati&ely !imulated and the partie! are !til !tilll bo boun und d by thei theirr real real a$ a$re reem emen ent. t. en ene, e, +her +here e th the e e! e!!e !ent ntia iall re*ui!ite! o" a ontrat are pre!ent and the !imulation re"er! only to the ontent or term!bet+een o" the ontrat, theand a$reement i! ab!olutely bindin$ and en"oreable the partie! their !ue!!or! in intere!t.
RESCISSI'LE C&,*RAC*S Requiite in Cae of *"in( under Liti(ation Ada v. lorante 'a/lon G.R. No. 18253( =u$u!t 13, 2012 2012
The re!i!!ion o" a ontrat under =rti =rtile le 13815 o" the Ci&il Code only re*uire! the onurrene o" the "ollo+in$ "ir!t, the de"endant, durin$ the pendeny o" the a!e, enter! into a ontrat +hih re"er! to the thin$ !ub#et o" liti$ation4 and !eond, the !aid ontrat +a! entered into +ithout the 9no+led$e and appro&al o" the liti$ant! or o" a ompetent #udiial authority. authority. =! lon$ a! the "ore$oin$ re*ui!ite! re*ui!ite! onur, onur, it beome! the duty o" the ourt to order the re!i!!ion o" the !aid ontrat.
V&ID C&,*RAC*S Effect of Service Rendered DP12 v. 6ui8a G.R. No. 183555, tober 12, 2011
t !hould be pointed out that there i! no no&elty re$ardin$ the *ue!tion o" !a !ati! ti!"yi "yin$ n$ a laim laim "or o on!t n!tru ruti tion on o ontr ntrat at! ! en enter tered ed into into by the $o&ernment, $o&ernme nt, +here there +a! no appropriation appropriation and +here the ontrat! +ere on!idered on!idered &oid due to tehnia tehniall rea!on!. t ha! been !ettled in !e&era !e& erall a! a!e! e! that that paym payment ent "or !er&i !er&ie! e! do done ne on aou aount nt o" the $o&ernment, but ba!ed on a &oid ontrat, annot be a&oided.
PRESCRIP*I&, Interruption of Period of Precription Ma(di8an( Realt/ Corporation v. *"e Manila 'an4in( Corporation G.R. No. 1/((/2
The ten 10-year pre!ripti&e period to "ile an ation ba!ed on the !ub# !ub#e ett prom promi! i!!o !ory ry no note te! ! +a +a! ! in inte terr rrup upte ted d by th the e !e&e !e&era rall le lett tter er! ! ehan$ed bet+een the partie!. Thi! i! in on"ormity +ith the !eond and third irum!tane! under =rtile 11(( o" the Ne+ Ci&il Code NCC +hih pro&ide! that the pre!ription o" ation! i! interrupted +hen 1 9
San Beda College of Law 2013 Centralized Bar Operations September (, 2012
they are "iled be"ore the ourt4 2 there i! a +ritten etra#udiial demand by the reditor!4 and 3 there i! any +ritten a9no+led$ment o" the debt by the debtor.
,GEI Multi-purpoe Cooperative Inc.$ and
hate&er proedural de"et! that may ha&e attended the "inal eeution o" the adde addend ndum um,, the!e the!e are on!id on!ider ered ed +ai&ed +ai&ed ando andorr impli impliedl edly y
2ernancito Ronquillo v. ilipina Pal!oil Plantation Inc.$ and Denni Villareal G.R. No. 185/(0, tober 11, 2012 2 012
aepted or on!ented to by Complainant! +hen it! General a!!embly rati"ied it! eeution and li&ed +ith "or the net "our 5 year!. bli$ation! ari!in$ "rom ontrat! ha&e the "ore o" la+ bet+een the ontratin$ partie! and !hould be omplied +ith in $ood "aith. nle!! the !tipulation! in a ontrat are ontrary to la+, moral!, $ood u!tom!, publi pub li ord order er or publ publi i poliy poliy,, the !ame are bindin$ bindin$ a! bet+een bet+een the partie!.
LAC2ES Definition Metro#an4 v. Centro Develop!ent Corporation
Dahe! i! de"i Dahe! de"ined ned a! the "ailu "ailure re or ne$let ne$let "or an unrea!onab unrea!onable le and uneplained len$th o" time to do that +hih, by eeri!in$ due dili$ene, ould or !hould ha&e been done earlier4 it i! ne$li$ene or omi!!ion to
G.R. 180/'5 )une No. 13, 2012
a!!ert a ri$ht +ithin rea!onable time, a pre!umption the party entitled to aa!!ert it either ha!+arrantin$ abandoned it or delinedthat to a!!ert it.
LAC2ES Ele!ent 0ac4 Arro/o v. 'oca(o Inland Develop!ent Corp.$ ;'IDEC&< GR. No. 16'880 No&ember 5, 2012
*"e follo8in( ele!ent !ut #e preent in preent in order to on!titute lahe! 1 Condut on the part o" the de"endant, or o" one under +hom he laim!, $i&in$ ri!e to the !ituation o" +hih omplaint i! made "or +hih the omplaint !ee9! a remedy4 2 delay in a!!ertin$ the omplainantan$ondato to redeemrepurha!e the property, it i! deemed to ha&e +ai&ed +ai &ed,, or e&en e&en a$ree a$reed d to eten etend, d, the or ori$i i$inal nal limite limited d pe perio riod d o" redemption.
PA%ME,* Preu!ption 8"en in Poeion of Deed of Sale Metropolitan 'an4 and *rut Co!pan/ v. Servando Ar(uelle et. al. G.R. 1'6/85 =u$u!t 2/, 2012 2012
Sine the onditional !ale ontained an underta9in$ that the balane +ill ha&e to be paid in in!tallment!, then it ould be a!!umed that the in!tallment! +ere paid !ine the Trinidad! +ere "ound in po!!e!!ion o" a deed deed o" !al !ale. e. The The =r$ =r$ue uelle lle!e! !e! e&en e&en $a $a&e &e up po!!e po!!e!!i !!ion on o" their their o+nerotion "or Reon!ideration and allo+in$ petitioner! petitioner ! to pre!ent their e&idene in hie".
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SUMMARY OF DOCTRINES
AGE,C% Pa/!ent of Co!!iion *an v. 2eir of Antonio Anto nio %a!on %a!on G.R. No. 163182 tober 25, 2012
= plain readin$ o" the =uthority to Doo9 "or @uyer@uyer! @uyer@uyer! re&eal! that no+here in the !aid doument i! it indiated that the !ale o" all !e&en lot! lot! +a! a pre prere re*u *ui!i i!ite te to the pa payme yment nt by petit petition ioner! er! o" Iam!on am!onH! H! ommi!!ion. " petitioner!H intention +a! "or Iam!on to loate a buyer "or all their propertie!, then they !hould ha&e had thi! ondition redued to +ritin$ and inluded in the =uthority to Doo9 "or @uyer@uyer! that they eeuted.
AGE,C% Special Po8er of Attorne/ C"in( v. 'antolo
There i! no *ue!tion that the S?= eeuted by re!pondent! in "a&or o"
G.R. No. 1''086 7eember (, 2012
petitioner petitioner! ! i! aontrat ontratdepend! o" a$enyupon oupled +ith intere!t. Thi!it i! beau!e their bilateral the a$eny. ene, annot be re&o9ed at the !ole +ill o" the prinipal.
*RS* *rut Receipt La8 Land 'an4 of t"e P"ilippine v. Perez G.R. No. 166885 )une 13, 2012
nder the Tru!t Reeipt! Da+, intent to de"raud i! pre!umed +hen 1 the entru!t entru!tee ee "ail! "ail! to tur turn n o& o&er er the proee proeed! d! o" the !ale o" $o $ood od! ! o&ered by the tru!t reeipt to the entru!ter4 or 2 +hen the entru!tee "ail! to return the $ood! under tru!t, i" they are not di!po!ed o" in aordane +ith the term! o" the tru!t reeipt!.
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS GARA,*% Application of Statute of raud ideliza 0. A(li#ot v. In(erol L. Santia G.R. No. 18(/5( 7eember (, 2012
=rtile 20(( o" the Ci&il Code al!o pro&ide! that a $uaranty $uaranty i! not pre!umed, but mu!t be epre!!, and annot etend to more than +hat i! !tipulated therein. Thi! i! the ob&iou! rationale +hy a ontrat o" $uarant $ua rantee ee i! une unen"or n"oreab eable le unle!! unle!! made made in +ritin$ +ritin$ or e&iden e&idened ed by !ome +ritin$.
*"e Manila Inurance Co!pan/$ Inc. v. Spoue Ro#erto and Aida A!urao G.R. No. 1'/628
= ontrat o" !urety!hip i! de"ined a! Aan a$reement a$reement +hereby a party, party, alled the !urety, $uarantee! the per"ormane by another party, alled the prinipal or obli$or, obli$or, o" an obli$ation or underta9in$ in "a&or o" a third party, alled the obli$ee. t inlude! o""iial reo$ni%ane!, !tipulation!, bond! or underta9in$! i!!ued by any ompany by &irtue o" and under
)anuary 16, 2013
the pro&i!ion! o" =t No. (36, a! amended by =t No. 2206.A
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San Beda College of Law 2013 Centralized Bar Operations
SRE*%S2IP Lia#ilit/ of Suret/ in Cae of Default of Principal De#tor P"ilippine C"arter Inurance Corporation v. Central Colle(e of t"e P"ilippine and D/na!ic Planner and Contruction Corporation G.R. No!. 180631-33 February 22, 2012
n le$al parlane, demand i! the a!!ertion o" a le$al or proedural ri$ht. t i! the obli$orH! ulpable delay, not merely the time element, +hih $i&e! the obli$ee the ri$ht to !ee9 the per"ormane per"ormane o" the obli$ation.
I,*ERES* Interet Rate 2er!o+ina Etore v. Spoue Arturo and Laura Supan(an G.R. No. 1'(13/ =pril 18, 2012 2012
The phra!e A"orbearane o" money, $ood! or redit!A i! meant to ha&e a !eparate meanin$ "rom a loan, other+i!e there +ould ha&e been no need to add that phra!e a! a loan i! already !u""iiently de"ined in the Ci&il Code. Forbearane Forbearane o" money, money, $ood! or redit! !hould there"ore there"ore re"er to arran$ement! other than loan a$reement!, +here a per!on a*uie!e! to the temporary u!e o" hi! money, $ood! or redit! pendin$ happenin$ o" ertain e&ent! or "ul"illment o" ertain ondition!.
C2EC7S Iuance of C"ec4 San Mi(uel Corporation ;SMC< v. 2elen *. 7alalo G.R. No. 18((22 )une 13, 2012
Che9! Che 9!,, ho ho+e +e&e &err, are are not not i! i!!u !ued ed mere merely ly "o "orr th the e pa paym ymen entt o" a preei!tin$ obli$ation. They may li9e+i!e be i!!ued a! a $uarantee "or the per"ormane o" a "uture obli$ation.
DEP&SI* Requiite to "ave ,ovation fro! a Contract of Leae to Contract of Depoit RC0 'u Line$ Incorporated v. Mater *our and *ravel Corporation G.R. No. 1''232 tober 11, 2012
n order to ha&e no&ation aordin$ to =rtile 12/2, the t+o obli$ation! mu!t be inompatible at e&ery point, the !eond obli$ation mu!t no&ate the "ir!t, in a ontrat o" lea!e i! the en#oyment o" the thin$4 in a ontrat o" depo!it, it i! the !a"e9eep !a"e9eepin$ in$ o" the thin$. They thu! reate e!!entially di!tint obli$ation! that +ould re!ult in a no&ation only i" the partie! entered into one a"ter the other onernin$ the !ame !ub#et matter.
REAL ES*A*E ES*A*E M&R*GAGE M&R* GAGE orecloure Proceedin( C"ina 'an4in( Corporation v. 6'R&
hile there +ere indeed t+o di""erent orporation! that eeuted t+o !eparate mort$a$e!, there +a! in "at only one loan aount, 14
SUMMARY OF DOCTRINES
i"in( Enterprie$ Inc. G.R. No. 185((6, February 22, 2012
that o" TFRC. Con!iderin$ that the etra#udiial etra#udii al "orelo!ure proeedin$! initiated by petitioner pertain to only one loan aount, +e uphold the &alidi &al idity ty o" the "or "orel elo!u o!ure re !ale !ale +hih +hih inlud inluded ed the pr prop oper ertie tie! ! o" re!pondent a! third-party mort$a$or.
Spoue C"arlie ortaleza and &felia ortaleza v. Spoue Raul Lapitan and Rona Lapitan G.R. No. 1'8288 =u$u!t 1(, 2012 2012
=ny *ue!tion re$ardin$ the re$ularity and &alidity o" the mort$a$e or it! "orelo!ure annot be rai!ed a! a #u!ti"iation "or oppo!in$ the petition "or the i!!uane o" the +rit o" po!!e!!ion. The ration rationale ale "or the rule i! to allo+ allo + the purha! purha!er er to ha&e po!!e!! po!!e!!ion ion o" the "orelo!ed "orelo!ed propert property y +ithout delay, !uh po!!e!!ion bein$ "ounded on the ri$ht o" o+ner!hip.
Pal! *ree Etate$ Inc. and 'elle Air Golf and Countr/ Clu#$ Inc. v. P"ilippine ,ational 'an4 G.R. No. 1(/3'0, tober 3, 2012
For a +rit to i!!ue, there mu!t be an ei!tene o" the ri$ht to be proteted and that the "at! a$ain!t +hih the in#untion i! to be direted are &iolati&e o" the !aid ri$ht. t i! an etraordinary e&ent +hih mu!t be $ranted only in the "ae o" atual and ei!tin$ !ub!tantial ri$ht!.
*ML Ga4et Indutrie$ Inc. v. 'PI a!il/ Savin( 'an4$ Inc. G.R. No. 188'68, )anuary ', 2013
To be entitled to an in#unti&e +rit, the ri$ht to be proteted and the &iolation a$ain!t that ri$ht mu!t be !ho+n. ?etitioner! do not ha&e any lear ri$ht to be proteted !ine they indi!putably "ailed to meet their obli$ation! in !pite o" repeated demand!.
REAL ES*A*E ES*A*E M&R*GAGE M&R* GAGE 1"en Equita#le Mort(a(e not Preu!ed *"el!a Caulla Velaco and M/rna Caulla Vda. De Retuer!a v. elipe R. 'uenvia+e$ An(elina Milan-'uenvia+e and t"e Court of Appeal Special Ei("t" Diviion G.R. No. 182316 )une 13, 2012
The reord! are bere"t o" anythin$ to !upport the ontention o" the Ca!ulla! that the ?roperty +a! inade*uate in prie. The mere "at al!o that Ca!ulla! remained in po!!e!!ion o" the ?roperty doe! not $i&e ri!e to the pre!umption o" e*uitable mort$a$e prei!ely beau!e the lo+e lo+err our ourt! t! ha&e ha&e alre alread ady y ru rule led d th that at th they ey ha&e ha&e no ri$h ri$htt to th the e po!!e!!ion o" the ?roperty.
REAL ES*A*E ES*A*E M&R*GAGE M&R* GAGE Second Morta(ee Pa#lo P. Garcia v. % %olanda olanda Valdez Valdez Villar G.R. No. 1(88/1 )une 2', 2012
The !pirit o" the Ci&il Code i! to let the obli$ation o" the debtor to pay the debt !tand althou$h the property mort$a$ed to !eure the payment o" !aid debt may ha&e been tran!"erred to a third per!on E.C. E.C. McCulloug McCullough h & Co. vs. Veloso and erna! "# $hil. ! %'". %'" .
REAL ES*A*E ES*A*E M&R*GAGE M&R* GAGE &8ner"ip Required 15
San Beda College of Law 2013 Centralized Bar Operations P"ilippine ,ational 'an4 v. Spoue Ale+andro and M/rna Re#lando G.R. No. 1/5015 September 12, 2012
=rtile 208( o" the Ci&il Code pro&ide! that a mort$a$e mort$a$e ontrat, to be &alid, mu!t ha&e the "ollo+in$ re*ui!ite! a that it be on!tituted to !eure the "ul"illment o" a prinipal obli$ation4 b that the mort$a$or be the ab!olute o+ner o" the thin$ mort$a$ed4 and that the per!on! on!titutin$ the mort$a$e ha&e "ree di!po!al o" their property, and in the ab!ene o" "ree di!po!al, that they be le$ally authori%ed "or the purpo!e.
REAL ES*A*E ES*A*E M&R*GAGE M&R* GAGE Mort(a(ee in Good ait"?'ad ait" P"ilippine 'an4in( Corporation v. Arturo D/$ 'ernardo D/$ 0oe Del(ado and Cipriana Del(ado G.R. No. 183''5 No&ember 15, 2012
hile it i! !ettled that a !imulated deed o" !ale i! null and &oid and there"ore, doe! not on&ey any ri$ht that ould ripen into a &alid title, it ha! been e*ually ruled that, "or rea!on! o" publi poliy poliy,, the !ub!e*uent nulli"iation o" title to a property i! not a $round to annul the ontratual ri$ht +hih may ha&e been deri&ed by a purha!er, mort$a$ee or other tran!"eree +ho ated in $ood "aith.
P"ilippine 'an4 of Co!!unication v. Pridion Realt/
The !tandard indu!try pratie "or ban9! i! to re*uire loan appliant! to di!lo!e the nature and purpo!e o" the loan, and the ourt 9no+! that the di!lo!ure o" loan purpo!e and pre!entation o" loan doument! i!
Corporation$ et. al. G.R. No. 1((113, )anuary /, 2013
epeted on!iderin$ the appliant ?R7SNS +a! a realty ompany.
I,A,CIAL RE2A'ILI*A*I&, A,D I,S&LVE,C% AC* Corporate Re"a#ilitation E3pre Invet!ent III Private Ltd. And E3port Develop!ent Canada v. 'a/an *eleco!!unication$ Inc.$ et. al. G.R. No. 1'55('-(/, 7eember (, 2012
Situ Dev. Corporation$ Dail/ Super!ar4et$ Inc. and Color Lit"o(rap" Pre$ Inc. v. Aiatrut 'an4$ Allied 'an4in( Corporation$ et. al. G.R. No. 180036, )anuary 16, 2013
The !e !eur ured ed re redit ditor! or! anno annott en en"or "ore e pre"er pre"eren ene e by &irtue &irtue o" a ontrat ont ratual ual a$r a$reem eement. ent. Reh Rehabil abilitati itation on i! an attempt attempt to on!er&e on!er&e and admini!te admi ni!terr the a!!et! o" an in!ol&ent in!ol&ent orpora orporation tion in the hope o" it! e&entual return "rom "inanial !tre!! to !ol&eny.
Se. 156 o" the FR= learly !ho+! that it i! appliable to all "urther proeedin$!. n no +ay ould it be made retro!peti&ely appliable to the Stay rder i!!ued by the rehabilitation ourt ba9 in 2002.
TORTS AND DAMAGES 6ASI-DELIC* Caue of Action Equita#le 'an4in(
= *ua!i-delit *ua!i-delit i! an at or omi!!ion, there bein$ "ault or ne$li$ene, ne$li$ene, 16
SUMMARY OF DOCTRINES
Corporation v. Special Steel Product$ Inc. and Au(uto L. Pardo G.R. No. 1'(3(0 )une 13, 2012
+hih au!e! dama$e to another. Jua!i-delit! ei!t e&en +ithout a ontratual relation bet+een the partie!.
DAMAGES Lia#ilit/ for Da!a(e ,anc/ Lorzano v. 0un *a#a/a( 0r. G.R. No. 18/65' February 6, 2012
>oral >o ral dama dama$e! $e! ar are e not inten intended ded to en enri rih h th the e ompl omplain ainan antt at the epen!e o" the de"endant. The a+ard thereo" i! aimed at a re!toration +it +ithin hin the the lim limit! it! o" the the po po!!i !!ible ble,, o" the !pirit !piritual ual !tatu! !tatu! *uo *uo ante4 ante4 there"ore, it mu!t al+ay! rea!onably approimate the etent o" in#ury and be proportional to the +ron$ ommitted.
'ri("t Mariti!e Corporation Corporatio n ;'MC< ? Deiree P. *enorio v. antonial
@>C i! liable to re!pondent "or eemplary dama$e!, +hih are impo!ed by +a +ay y o" e eam ampl ple e or o orr rre eti tion on "o "orr th the e pu publ bli i $o $ood od in &i &ie+ e+ o" petitionerEC*I&, & P'LIC I,S*RME,* Preu!ption Spoue Eroto Santia(o and ,elie Santia(o v. Mancer Villa!or$ et al. G.R. No. 1685// No&ember 26, 2012
The eeution eeution o" a publi publi in!trument in!trument $i&e! ri!e only to a prima facie pre!umption pre!umpti on o" deli&ery, +hih i! ne$ated by the "ailure o" the &endee to ta9e atual po!!e!!ion o" the land !old.
AC*I&, &R REC&,VE%A,CE 1"en Action for Reconve/ance i Proper Gaudencio Pacete v. Inocencio Aoti(ue G.R. No. 188('( 7eember 10, 2012
=n ation "or reon&eyane reon&eyane i! an ation in per!onam a&ailable to a per!o per !on n +ho!e +ho!e pro prope perty rty ha! be been en +r +ron$ on$"u "ully lly re re$i! $i!ter tered ed unde underr the Torren! !y!tem in another
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