Summary of All Reactions for organic chemistry

Alkenes CH3

H

H3C

CH3

CH3 OH

H

H3C

OH

CH3 OH

CH3 H3C

H OH Anti markovnokov CH3 H3C

OsO4/H2O2 Or KMnO4/OH-

CH3 H

H

anti addition H

CH3

X2/H2O

BH3/THF H2O2/OH-

Syn addition

H

X

Syn addition

H

CH3

H3C

H2/Pt

CH3 H markovnokov

OH

anti addition

1)Hg(OAc)2/H2O 2)NaBH4/OH-

CH3 X

H3C

H3C

CH3 X

CH3

X2/CCl4

H

H3C

anti addition H3C

CH3

markovnokov

H

O Ph

CH3

HX H3C

CH3 X

HX/R-O-O-R Anti markovnokov

OOH

CH3 X H 3C

O

H

KMnO4,warm, conc

O3/(CH3)2S

H3C

CH3

Or

H

O3 /Zn/HCl

H3C

CH3 O

+ O H

H3C

CH3

H3C O+ O H3C CH3

O OH

1

H

H

H

H

Alkynes

H3C

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

M/NH3 M=Li, Na orK

H H

Syn addition

Syn addition of H2

H2/Pd/BaSO4 quinoline Or Lindlar Catalyst

H O Anti markovnokov

X H

X

H3C

H

X2/CCl4

NaNH2/NH3

HX

H3C

X

H

X

H

H3C

H

H

H X H3C

Anti markovnokov C- Na+

O3/(CH3)2S

Or KMnO4,warm, conc/OH-

CH3CH2X

R -OH X/R-O H

H3C

X

H

SN2, works just with a primary

H3C

H

HX/R-O-O-R

H X

H3C

2 NaNH2/H2O 150oC

X

H3C X

HX

H

markovnokov

markovnokovX

anti addition

X

H O

HgSO4/H2SO4 H2O

1 mole X2/CCl4

H

BH3/THF H2O2/OH- H C 3

H2/Pt H3C

H

H3C

anti addition of H2

H H H3C

H3C

OH

HO O+ O

H

H3C

2

H H X

Reaction of Aromatic compounds Br NO2

H2/Ru 100oC, 1000 psi Br2/FeBr3

HNO3/H2SO4

O

SO3H R

O

R Cl

Ketone Friedel-Craft acylation

SO3/H2SO4 H2O, heat

, AlCl3

(CH3)3C-Cl AlCl3 Or (CH3)3C-OH H2SO4 Or (CH3)2C=CH2 HF

CO/HCl AlCl3/CuCl

O

C(CH3)3

H Friedel-Craft alkylation Benzaldehyde Gatterman-Koch formylation

Substituant affects • Alkyls, -NH2, -NH-CO(R), -OR , -OH, -O- are electron donating groups are avtivators, ortho and para directors. • Cl, Br, F, I, electron withdrawing group are deactivators but ortho and para directors. • -NO2, -SO3H, -N+R3, acyl, -CN withdrawing group are deactivators, meta directors

3

ED ED

M/NH3 , ROH M=Li, Na or K

EW

EW

Birch Reduction

Side chain reactions O

Clemmensen reduction

Zn/Hg HCl

O

Br OH

KMnO4 conc,hot H2O

Br2/hν

oxydation (CH3)3CO-,Na+

excess Cl2/hν

H2/Pd

SN2 Nuor SN1 Nu

Cl Cl Cl Cl

+ Br-

Cl

4