Subsistemas en Las Empresas

 

^[F^G^PKLJ^ KH DJ^ KLYVK^J^

   

Ljhukd Jdkojh`rb Dglj :99050:=1

 

Yrbnk`glgkhtbs kh djs bpkrjngbhks `k uhj klprksj Pb`bs dbs hkebngbs nulpdkh nbh ngndbs rkeudjrks, nj`j ngkrtb tgklpb. Kstk ngndb `k hkebngbs nbrrkspbh`k jd pkrgb`b `k tgklpb kh kd nujd kd kakntgvb ghvkrtg`b pbr uhj klprksj, nblpdktj tb`bs dbs prbnksbs `kd hkebngb mjstj nbhvkrtgrsk hukvjlkhtk kh kakntgvb3 dj klprksj ghvgkrtk su `ghkrb kh ljtkrgjdks, quk j su vkz ghnbrpbrjrj kh uh ngndb prb`untgvb pjrj nbhvkrtgrdb kh prb`untbs tkrlghj`bs pjrj skr vkh`g`bs, ks `kngr, nbhvkrtgrdbs kh nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr, quk pbstkrgbrlkhtk sk trjhsabrljrjh kh kakntgvb. Nj`j uhj `k djs ajsks quk nblpbhkh uh ngndb `k hkebngbs nbrrkspbh`k, pbr db ekhkrjd, j uh erupb `k bpkrjngbhks mblbeçhkjs y jqukddjs sk jerupjh nbh fjsk kh kd bfoktgvb `k kstjs. @khtrb `k dbs ngndbs `k bpkrjngbhks pb`klbs `gstgheugr nujtrbs? • Kd • Kd • Kd • Kd

`k Nblprjs y Nukhtjs pbr Yjejr, quk nbrrkspbh`k j djs bpkrjngbhks `k j`qugsgngþh `k fgkhks y skrvgngbs. `k prb`unngþh, nbrrkspbh`gkhtk j djs jntgvg`j`ks `k trjhsabrljngþh `k dbs ljtkrgjdks y ljtkrgj prglj kh prb`untbs tkrlghj`bs. `k ajnturjngþh y Nukhtjs pbr Nbfrjr, quk nbrrkspbh`k j djs bpkrjngbhks nblkrngjdks `k dj klprksj. `k hþlghj, rkdjngbhj`b nbh dbs ejstbs `kd pkrsbhjd hknksjrgbs pjrj dj rkjdgzjngþh `k tb`js djs jntgvg`j`ks `k dj klprksj.

 

:. Ngndb `k Nblprjs y Nukhtjs pbr Yjejr  Kd ngndb `k nblprjs y nukhtjs pbr pjejr nbrrkspbh`k j tb`js djs jntgvg`j`ks rkjdgzj `js pbr dj klprks j, nbh kd bfoktgvb `k bftkhkr dbs ljtkrgjdks y skrvgngbs hknksjrgbs pjrj sus bpkrjn gbhks. Kd bfoktgvb prghngpjd nbhsgst k kh bftkhkr dbs lkobrks ljtkrgjdks jd lkhbr nbstb y nbh djs lkobrks n`h`gngbhks `k khtrkej y aghjhngjlgkht b. @kfklbs `gstgheugr kh kd ngndb `k nblprjs y pjebs dbs `gakrkhtks prbnksbs quk ghtkrvgkhk h, kh dbs nujdks khnbhtrjlbs prbnksbs nbhtjfdks y hb nbhtjfdks. Dbs prbnksbs hb nbhtjfdks b j`lghgstrj tgvbs sk rkagkrkh kh su ljybrìj j dbs rkdjngbhj`bs nbh dj ekstgþh `k nblprjs. Dbs prbnksbs nbhtjfdks kstêh lês rkdjngbhj`bs nbh djs nukhtjs pbr pjejr.

Yrbnksbs J`lghgstrjtgvbs Vkdjngbhj`bs nbh djs Nblprjs ^k ghgngjh nbh dj hknksg`j` `k uh fgkh b skrvgngb y nudlghjh nbh dj j`qugsgngþh y pjeb `k çstbs. • Vknkpngþh `kdj sbdgngtu` gngtu` `k rkqugsgngþh • Klgsgþh `k dj br`kh `k nblprj • Jprbfjngþh `k dj br`kh `k nblprj • Khvìb `k dj br`kh `k nblprj j dbs prbvkk`brks • Vknkpngþh `k dbs fgkhks y/b skrvgngbs • Vkegstrb `k dj khtrj`j `kd jntgvb b rknkpngþh `kd skrvgngb • Yjeb `kd fgkh b skrvgngb rkngfg`b • Vkegstrb `kd pjeb

 

Vknkpngþh `k dj ^bdgngtu` `k rkqugsgngþh Yjrj ghgngjr uhj nblprj, nujdqugkr `kpjrtjlkhtb `k uhj klprksj klgtk uhj sbdgngtu` `k rkqugsgngþh. Kstj klgsgþh `kfk suregr pbr uhj hknksg`j` kspknìagnj y djs hknksg`j`ks kspknìagnjs puk`kh brgeghjrsk pbr vjrgjs rjzbhks, khtrk djs nujdks tkhklbs?   • Ekhkrjngþh `k uh puhtb `k rkbr`kh `kd ghvkhtjrgb `k ljtkrgj prglj b ljtkrgjdks • Nulpdglgkhtb `kd prksupukstb `k ghvkrsgbhks `k njpgtjd • ^ureglgkhtb `k hknksg`j`ks `k ljtkrgjdks `k jnukr`b nbh kd pdjh `k prb`unngþh • Btrjs

 

Klgsgþh `k dj br`kh `k Nblprj [hj vkz quk dj sbdgngtu` ks rkngfg`j kh kd `kpjrtjlkhtb `k nblprjs, `kfk skr prbnksj`j pjrj prknk`kr j sulghgstrjr dbs fgkhks b skrvgngbs rkqukrg`bs. [h `bnulkhtb `k br`kh `k nblprj ks jqukd kh kd sk dk sbdgngtj j uh prbvkk`br, dj prbvgsgþh `k uh fgkh b prkstjngþh `k uh skrvgngb pjrj dj klprksj. • @kpjrtjlkhtb quk sbdgngtj kd fgkh b skrvgngb • Nbhnkptb b `ksnrgpngþh `k dbs fgkhks b skrvgngbs • Njhtg`j` `k dbs fgkhks b skrvgngbs • Nbstb uhgtjrgb y tbtjd • Aknmjs `k sbdgngtu` y `k `gspbsgngþh `k dbs fgkhks b skrvgngbs • Jutbrgzjngbhks hknksjrgjs

 

Jprbfjngþh `k dj br`kh `k Nblprj Dj jprbfjngþh `k kstk `bnulkhtb kstê suoktj j djs pbdìtgnjs `k jutbrgzjngþh quk kstjfdkznj uhj khtg`j`.

Khvgþ `k dj br`kh `k Nblprj j dbs prbvkk`brks Dj jutbrgzjngþh `k dj br`kh `k nblprj j trjvçs `kd abrludjrgb `k br`kh `k nblprj, ks klgtg`j pbr kd `kpjrtjlkhtb `k nblprjs. Kstj rkspbhsjfgdg`j` glpdgnj quk kd `kpjrtjlkhtb `k nblprjs, kh tb`b kd prbnksb `k rkvgsgþh `k dj br`kh `k nblprj, tgkhk djs sgeugkhtks rkspbhsjfgdg`j`ks? • Nbhbnkr dbs ljtkrgjdks utgdgzj`bs pbr dj klprksj y sus `gakrkhtks prbvkk`brks? ks hknksjrgb quk kd pkrsbhjd `kd `kpjrtjlkhtb nbhbznj sg sk trjtj `k ljtkrgjs prgljs glpbrtj`js b hjngbhjdks, nbh`gngbhks `k jdljnkhjlgkhtb y trjhspbrtk, rkqugsgtbs `k glpbrtjngþh, y jspkntbs. • Vkjdgzjr djs nbhwrjs nbh fjsk kh dbs rkqukrglgkhtbs jtjfdkng`bs kh nujhtb j njhtg`j` y njdg`j`? dj rkspbhsjfgdg`j` `kd `kpjrtjlkhtb `k nblprjs kstê dglgtj`j j nulpdgr nbh djs rkqugsgngbhks kstjfdkng`js, kh njsb `k kxgstgr hknksg`j` `k njlfgbs sk `kfk nbhsudtjr nbh dj uhg`j` quk spdgngtþ kd fgkh b skrvgngb. • Nbhtrbdjr quk djs lkrnjhngjs sk rkngfjh bpbrtuhjlkhtk? kstk bpbrtuhjlkhtk? kstk jspkntb ks glpbrtjhtk pbrquk dj rknkpngþh bpbrtuhj ghaduyk kh djs bpkrjngbhks `k dj klprksj. • Vkjdgzjr dbs rkndjlbs pbr dbs ajdtjhtks b `kakntbs kh njdg`j`? Dj njdg`j`? Dj rkspbhsjfgdg`j` `kd `kpjrtjlkhtb `k nblprjs ghnduyk hkebngjr nbh dbs prbvkk`brks, dbs rkndjlbs pbr ajdtjhtks b `kakntbs kh çd prb`untb.

 

Vknkpngþh`k dbsfgkhksy/b skrvgngbs bs Kh kstk lblkhtb kd prbvkk`br rkngfgþ kd`bnulkhtb brgeghjd`k dj bbr`kh `k nblprj y prbnk`gþ j sulghgstrjr dbs fgkhks b skrvgngbs rkqukrg`bs.

Vkegstrb`k r b`k djkhtrj`j`kdjntgvbb rknkpngþh`kd^krvgngb [hj vkz rkngfg`bs dbs fgkhks b skrvgngbs, y dukeb quk kd`kpjrtjlkhtb `k nblprjs `j dj nbhabrlg`j` `k rknkpngþh, sk `kfk rkjdgzjr kd nbrrkspbh`gkhtkrkegstrb `k khtrj`j `kd jntgvb b `k dj rknkpngþh `kdskrvgngb.

Yjeb`kdfgkhb skrvgngbrkngfg`b b rkngfg`b Kdpjeb`kd fgkh b skrvgngb sk brgeghj dukeb `k mjfkrsk klgtg`b djbr`kh `k pjeb pbrdj uhg`j` sbdgngtjhtk. Kdpjeb `k dbs pjsgvbs kstê suoktb j db kstjfdkng`b jd rkspkntb kh djs sk brgeghj dukebpbdìtgnjs `k dj klprksj, nbh rkdjngþh jdljhkob `kdka kntgvb.

Vkegstrb`kdpjeb r b`kdpjeb Kstj ajsk ks uh pjsb hktjlkhtk nbhtjfdk, y `kfk skr kakntuj`b kh kdlblkhtb kh quk dj klprksj klgtk kd nmkquk j ajvbr `kd prbvkkpjeb fkhkagngjrgb. @kfklbs tkhkr prkskhtk quk kd prbnksb `k klgsgþh `k þr`khks `k nblprj, pbr db ekhkrjd, hb ekhkrj bfdgejngbhks pjrj dj klprksj, `kfg`b jquk mjstj ksklblkhtbhb sk mj ekhkrj`b trjhsakrkhngj `k prbpgk`j` `k Gbs fgkhks nblprj`bs.

 

Vkegstrb `k Nukhtjs pbr Yjejr  Dbs prbnksbs`k nukhtjs j s pbrpjejrskghgngjhkhkd lblkhtbkhkd nujddj klprksjrkngfkdjprbpgk`j``kdbs fgkhks nblprj j`bs, `bs,b sknblprblktknbhdjj`qugsgngþh`kuh skrvgn ngb. gb.

Nbh`gngbhks `k Nblprj •  Dgfrkjfbr`bpukrtb b`k `k klfjrquk • Dgfrkjfbr`bpukrtb b`k `k `kstgh hb b • Nbstb, ^keurby Adktk • AJ^bDJN • NbstbyAdktk • Nbhtrjrkklfbdsb

Vkegstrb `k djBfdgejngþh Kdrkegstrb`kdjbfdgejn gþhskghgngjnujh`bskrkjdgzjdjtrjhsakrkmngj`kprbpgk`j``kd fgkh,ks khkstklblkhtbnujh`bdjnblpjúìjsknblprb b nujh`bdjnblpjúìjsknblprblktkjrkjdgzjrkd pjeb`kjnukr`bnbhdjs nbh`gngbhks kstjfdkng`jskhdj br`kh`knblprj. j. Ndjsgagnjngþh `k djs Nukhtjs pbr Yjejr   Jhgvkd `k dbs rkegstrbs nbhtjfdks, djs nukhtjs pbrpjejr puk`khndjsgagnjrsk kh? Nukhtjsy `bnulkhtbspbr pjejr nblkrngjdks?prbvkhgkhtksprghngpjdlkhtk`k nblkrngjdks? prbvkhgkhtksprghngpjdlkhtk`k djs nblprjs `kghvkhtjrgb jntgvbb `knujdqugkr btrbfgkh. bskrvgngbj`qugrg`b pjrjdjs bpkrjngbhks hbrljdks `kdj nblpjúìj.

 

Nukhtjspbrpjejr jnblpjúgjsrkdjngbhj`js? nbrrkspbh`gkhtks j dbs pjsgvbs quk sk brgeghjh kh rjzþh `kd aghjhngjlgkhtb bftkhg`b `k djs nblpjúìjs rkdjngbhj`js, prghngpjdlkhtk `k dj njsj ljtrgz, pjrj kd njsb `k djs nblpjúìjs.

Btrjs nukhtjs pbr pjejr? prbvkhgkhtks `k bpkrjngbhks hb nblkrngjdks `k dj nblpjúìj, puk`kh ghndugr dj rkpbsgngþh `k ejstbs `k vgjok j klpdkj`bs, prçstjlbs `k ghvkhtjrgb, y btrbs nbhnkptbs nblb pbr koklpdb djs rktkhngbhks `k glpukstbs. Ejstbs jnuludj`bs? ghnduykh kd rkegstrb `k dbs pjsgvbs nbrrkspbh`gkhtks j dbs ejstbs pbr skrvgngbs rkngfg`bs, tjdks nblb kdkntrgng`j`, tkdçabhb, jjuj, skrvgngbs 'pufdgngtjrgbs, mbhbrjrgbs prbaksgbhjdks y btrbs kstglj`bs.

Nbhtrbd Ghtkrhb @khtrb `kd ngndb `k nblprjs y nukklprksj pjejr sk `kfkh nufrgr dbs bfoktgvbs `kd nbhtrbd ghtkrhb dbs nujdks sbh? Ghtkerg`j`? `kfklbs rkegstrjr tb`bs dbs jntgvbs j`qugrg`bs y djs bfdgejngbhks nbhtrjì`js. Nblb kh Vkqugsgngþhks, þr`khks `k Nblprj y þr`khks ` k pjeb. Ghtkerg`j`? `kfklbs Kxgstkhngj? dbs Kxgstkhngj?  dbs jntgvbs y pjsgvbs rkegstrj`bs `kfkh nbrrkspbh`kr j bpkrjngbhks rkjdks `k dj Nblpjúìj. Kxjntgtÿ`? dbs jntgvbs y pjsgvbs `kfkh rkegstrjrsk pbr kd lbhtb kxjntb. Jutbrgzjngþh? sþdb Jutbrgzjngþh?  sþdb `kfkh rkjdgzjrsk nblprjs y pjebs jutbrgzj`bs `k jnukr`b nbh djs pbdìtgnjs `k dj klprksj.

 

6. Ngndb `k Yrb`unngþh Kd ngndb `k prb`unngþh ghnduyk tb`j s djs jntgvg`j`ks rkjdgz j`js pbr dj klprksj pjrj prb`ungr dbs fgkhks y skrvgngbs (quk bark nk j sus ndgkhtks3 kh uhj klprksj ljhuajnturkrj, kspkng jdlkhtk hbs ghtkrksj kd prbnksb prb`unt gvb, kd nujd nbrrkspbh`k j dj trjhsabrlj ngþh `k dj ljtkrgj prglj kh prb`unt bs jptbs pjrj dj vkhtj. Kd prbnksb `k prb`unngþh ks glpbrtjhtk pjrê dbs ekrkht ks `k uhj klprksj, uhj rjzþh ks quk kstk prbnksb ks dj fjsk quk tgkhk tb`j klprksj pjrj kstrunturjr uh sgstklj j`knuj`b `k nbstbs, y dj `ktkrlghjng þh `kd nbstb `k prb`unngþh , ks glpbrtjhtk pjrj kd nêdnudb `kd prkngb `k vkhtj `k uh prb`untb b dìhkj `k prb`untb s.

Yrbnksbs J`lghgstrjtgvbs rkdjngbhj`bs nbh dj prb`unngþh Yjrj nbhtrbdjr tb`b kd prbnksb `k prb`unngþh, djs klprksjs kstjfdknkh prbnk`glgkhtbs pjrj nbhtrbdjr kd ngndb `k prb`unngþh. uh ngndb `k prb`unngþh ghnduyk jd lkhbs, djs sgeugkhtks ktjpjs? • Ydjhgagnjngþh `k djs ljtkrgjs prgljs • Ydjhgagnjngþh `k dj prb`unngþh • Nbhtrbd `k dbs ghvkhtjrgbs

Ydjhkjngþh `k djs Ljtkrgjs Yrgljs Djs jntgvg`j`ks `k pdjhgagnjngþh `k djs ljtkrgjs prgljs sk `grgekh j nbbr`ghjr djs uhg`j`ks `k ljtkrgj prglj quk sk rkqugkrkh pjrj prb`ungr djs uhg`j`ks `k prb`untbs tkrlghj`bs. Hbrljdlkhtk, dj pdjhgagnjngþh `k djs ljtkrgjs prgljs sk ddkvj j njfb uhj vkz quk sk mj `ktkrlghj`b kd hgvkd `k prb`unngþh `kskj`b.

 

Ydjhgagnjngþh `k dj Yrb`unngþh [hj vkz quk sk mjh `ktkrlghj`b dbs vbdÿlkhks `k ljtkrgj prglj, sk `kfkh koknutjr jntgvg`j`ks `k pdjhgagnjngþh `k dj prb`unngþh, djs nujdks `kfkh kstjr khaðnj`js jnbdbnjr djs njhtg`j`ks `k fgkhks quk `kfkh skr prb`ung`bs `k jnukr`b fêsgnjlkhtk nbh kd prksupukstb `k. vkhtjs quk prkpjrj kd êrkj `k lkrnj`kb. Ydjhgagnjngþh jhtgngpj`j Agojngþh `k lktjs Yrberjljngþh @kspjnmb

 

Nbhtrbd `kGhvk htjrgbs Kdnbhtrbd `k dbs ghvkhtjrgb glpdgnj uh skeuglgkhtb kstrgntb sbfrk djs njhtg`j`ksquk sk ljhkojh j trjvçs `k djs khtrj`js y sjdg`js `k ghvkhtjrgbs.Yjrj kd prbnksb j`lghgstrjtgvb gvb `k djs njhtg`j`ks gherksj`js y `çspjnmj`js, sk glpdjhtjh nbhtrbdksghstrulkhtj`bs j trjvçs `k abrludjrgbs quk nbhtrbdjh djs njhtg`j`ks quk sbh rkngfg`jsb `kspjnmj`js j trjvçs `k, djs bpkrjngbhks `k gherksb ysjdg`j.

Ndjsgagnjngþh `kdbs Ghvkhtjrgbs ngþh kskd`k vbdvkrj vkh`krdbs, jagh `kbftkhkr uh ljrekh`kutgdg`j` rjzbhjfdk.Yb`klbsg`khtgagnjrdbs sgeugkhtkstgpbs `kghvkhtjrgbspbsgfdkskh uhjklprksj ljhuajnturkrj? Dbsghvkhtjrgbsrkprkskhtjh kdnbhouhtb `k fgkhksquk sbh prbpgk`j` `k uhjklprksjy nuyb bfokvb`k j`qugsgngþh b ajfrgnjngþh Yrb`untbs tkrlghj`bs

Kh kstk rufrb sk `kfkh ndjsgagnjrtb`bsdbs fgkhks quk sk brgeghjh `k uh prbnksb `k ajfrgnjngþh b trjhsabrljngþh y quk kstêh `kstghj`bs pjrj dj vkhtj. Yrb`untbs kh prbnksb

Kh uhj klprksj ljhuajnturkrj,kstk tgpb `k ghvkqtjrgb ksnjrjntkrìstgnb y sk khnukhtrj abrlj`b pbrtb`bs dbs nbstbsghnbrpbrj`bs jdprbnksb prb`untgvb, dbs nujdks hb mjh sg`b nblpdktj``s kh su tbtjdg`j` pjrj ekhkrjrb prb`ungruh fgkh tkrlghj`b. Ljtkrgj prglj

Kstê nbhstgtug`j pbrdbs fgkhksquk mjh sg`b j`qugrg`bsnbh kdbfoktgvb `k ajfrgnjrb prb`ungrfgkhks tkrlghj`bs.

 

^ulghgstrbs`k Ajfrgnj Dbs sulghgstrbs`kaêfrgnjkstêhnblpukstbspbr jqukddbs ghvkhtjrgbs quksbhhknksjrgbs pjrjpb`krddkvjr jnjfb kdprbnksbprb`untgvb,pbrqukhbhhjdlkhtkabrljhpjrtksustjhngjd`kdprb`untbtkrlghj`b. Ljtkrgjd`kKlpjquk Djprghngpjdnjrjntkrìstgnj`kkstk ghvkhtjrgb,ks surkdjngþhnbhkm prb`untbaghjd, yjqukkd klpjquksgrvkpjrjsu klfjdjok,y ksglpbrtjhtkpbrqukkdnbstb`kd lgslbghaduyksgehgagnjtgvjlkhtkjdabrljr pjrtk`kdprkngb aghjd. LkrnjhnìjkhPrêhsgtb @kjnukr`bnbhdjs `gakrkhtksnbh`gngbhksqukrgekhdjtrjhsakrkhngj`kprbpgk`j`kh kdngndb `knblprjs y nukhtjs pbrpjejr,dbs ghvkhtjrgbskhtrêhsgtbsbh jqukddbsfgkhksqukmjhsg`b nblprj`bsysbfrkdbs nujdksskpbskkdj prbpgk`j`,pkrbquk pjrjdjaknmj `kdfjdjhnk, hbmjfìjhdgkej`bjd jdljnçh.

NbhtrbdGhtkrhb Kdnbhtrbdghtkrhbsbfrk dbs ghvkhtjrggbs bs `kfkkstjr khabnj`bjnufrgrvjrgbs jspkntbs,sghklfjreb,kdlês glpbrtjhtkkskd`k sjdvjeujr`jr suvjdbr nblbjntgvb.Khkstk skhtg`b, jdeuhbs nbhtrbdksquksk puk`khjpdgnjr sbhdbssgeugkhtks? •^þdb `kfkhkhtrkejrskbrkngfgrskghvkhtjrgbs nbhfjskkhjutbrgzjngbhks kljhj`js pbrauhngbhjrgbsjutbrgzj`bs qukejrjhtgnkhsu rkseujr`b. • Djskhtrkejs`kghvkhtjrgbsk `kfkhkakntujr nbhfjskkh`bnughkhtbs prkhulkrj`bs.

 

• @kfkh kxgstgr kh kstk prbnksb, rkegstrbs `k ghvkhtjrgbs nbhtghubs kh jqukddbs njsbs quk skj `k nbstb/fkhkagngb. • Pb`js djs trjhsjnngbhks `k ghvkhtjrgb `kfkh skr mknmjs tbljh`b y lg`gkh`b djs njhtg`j`ks khtrkej`js b rkngfg`js.

>. Yrbnk`glgkhtbs `k Ajnturjngþh y Nukhtjs pbr Nbfrjr  Pb`j klprksj lg`k su jntgvg`j` pbr vjrgbs gh`gnj`brks quk sbh kd rksudtj`b `k su ekstgþh. Pb`b ekrkhtk `k lkrnj`kb, gh`kpkh`gkhtklkhtk `k djs kstrjtkegjs utgdgzj`js, tgkhk nblb bfoktgvb prghngpjd kd ghnrklkhtjr djs vkhtjs, kd êrkj `k prb`unngþh tgkhk nblb uhb `k sus bfoktgvbs kd `gslghugr dbs nbstbs quk sk ekhkrjh kh dbs prbnksbs prb`untgvbs. @k kstj sg dbs bfoktgvbs ghtkrhbs nbghng`kh, kd vjdbr `k dj klprksj sk ghnrklkhtjrê kh rjzþh j uh ghnrklkhtb kh djs utgdg`j`ks, jsì nj`j uhg`j` `khtrb `k dj brejhgzjngþh, brejhgzjngþh, `kfk tkhkr nblb bfoktgvb kd ljxglgzjr kd vjdbr `kd hkebngb, `k tjd abrlj quk hb sþdb skjh dbs jnngbhgstjs dbs fkhkagngj`bs nbh djs utgdg`j`ks, sghb tjlfgçh dbs klpdkj`bs. Kd Yrbnksb `k Ajnturjngþh tgkhk kd bfoktgvb `k nbhtrbdjr nbhtrbdjr,, prbnksjr y rkegstrjr tb`js djs jntgvg`j`ks u bpkrjngbhks quk tgkhkh nblb bfoktgvb kd ljhtkhkr y julkhtjr djs vkhtjs `k uhj klprksj.

 

Yrbnksbs rkdjngbhj`bs nbh dj Ajnturjngþh y Nukhtjs pbr Nbfrjr  Kd ngndb `k nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr, tjlfgçh nbhbng`b nbhbng`b nblb `k gherksbs y nbfrbs, ks auh`jlkhtjd pjrj dj klprksj, pbrquk `kpkm`k sus gherksbs. Kh dj ljybrìj `k djs klprksjs lk`glbs kd nrknglgkhtb b tjljúb j trjvçs `k djs ngarjs,`k vkhtjs. Kstj ngarj `k vkhtjs ks sgehgagnjtgvj tjhtb kh uhg`j`ks lbhktjrgjs nblb kh uhg`j`ks `k vkhtj, su ghnrklkhtb nbhstjhtk hbs `jrê gh`gngbs `k uhj klprksj kh kxpjhsgþh, nbh pbsgfgdg`j`ks `k ghvkrsgþh. Kh Djtghbjlçrgnj `kfg`b j quk dbs pjìsks mjh suarg`b prbnksbs ghadjngbhjrg ghadjngbhjrgbs bs sgehgagnjtgvbs, --quk kh jdeuhbs njsbs mjh lbtgvj`b kd njhg.fgç `k djs uhg`j`ks lbhktjrgjs-, lbhktjrgjs-, djs ngarjs `k hkebngb `k djs klprksjs sbh lk`g`js kh uhg`j`ks `k vkhtj, `k kstj abrlj sk ejrjhtgzj dj nblpjrjfggg`j` `k kstjs ngarjs pjrj lk`gr kd nrknglgkhtb ghtkrhb.

 

Djs vkhtjs puk`kh ndjsgagnjrsk `k dj sgeÿgkhtk abrlj? Ybr kd vbdulkh `k uhg`j`ks  J dj vkz, vkz, çstjs puk`kh ndjsgagnjrsk ndjsgagnjrsk kh? • Jd `ktéd? pkqukújs uhg`j`ks quk vjh `grkntjlkhtk jd nbhsulg`br • Jd ljybr? erjh`ks vbdÿlkhks vkh`g`bs j `gstrgfug`brks • Ybr pk`g`bs kspknìagnbs? þr`khks kspkngjdks `k ndgkhtks. Ybr kd aghjhngjlgkhtb @k jnukr`b nbh kd aghjhngjlgkhtb pb`klbs khnbhtrjr? •@k nbhtj`b ? pjeb ghlk`gjtb jd lblkhtb `k dj nblprj • J nrç`gtb? sk `gagkrk kd pjeb, puk`k skr `k `bs abrljs? - pjeb tbtjd j ngkrtb tgklpb, pbr koklpdb >9 `ìjs ajnturj - pjeb pjrngjd kh nubtjs ks `kngr j pdjzbs Ybr djs nbh`gngbhks `k khtrkej y prkngbs ^keÿh kstj ndjsgagnjngþh tkhklbs? • J khtrkej auturj • J khtrkejs pjrngjdks • Nbh `krknmb j `kvbdungþh

 

Djs nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr sk ndjsgagnjh kh dbs kstj`bs aghjhngkrbs `k jnukr`b nbh su brgekh, kh dbs sgeugkhtks rufrbs? Nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr nblkrngjdks? prb`untb nblkrngjdks? prb`untb `k dbs gherksbs pbr vkhtjs b skrvgngbs prkstj`bs nbrrkspbh`gkhtks j djs bpkrjngbhks prghngpjdks `k dj nblpjúìj. Nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr j nblpjúìjs rkdjngbhj`js? prbvgkhkh rkdjngbhj`js? prbvgkhkh `k djs bpkrjngbhks rkjdgzj`js nbh nblpjúìjs rkdjngbhj`js. Nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr j klpdkj`bs?  prbvgkhkh `k prçstjlbs jhtgngpbs u btrjs khtrkejs rkjdgzj`js•ê dbs klpdkj`bs y quk skrêh `kvukdtbs pbr çstbs kh uh pdjzb `ktkrlghj`b. Btrjs nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr? sbh kd prb`untb `k `gvkrsjs bpkrjngbhks tjdks nblb rkndjlbs jd skeurb u btrbs. Dbs jhtgngpbs j prbvkk`brks hb `kfkh ghndugrsk kh kstk nbhnkptb, `kfg`b j quk dbs lgslbs hb skrêh nbfrj`bs sghb nbhvkrtg`bs kh ghvkhtjrgb.

Nbhtrbd Ghtkrhb @khtrb `k dbs bfoktgvbs `kd nbhtrbd ghtkrhb nbhtjfdk kh kd ngndb `k ajnturjngþh y nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr tkhklbs? Ghtkerg`j`? kd prbpþsgtb auh`jlkhtjd ks kd rkegstrb bpbrtuhb `k tb`js djs trjhsjnngbhks, kvgtjh`b dj ajdtj `k jdeuhj bpkrjngþh. ^g hb rkegstrjlbs dj tbtjdg`j` `k djs trjhsjnngbhks tkh`rìjlbs uhj sufkstgljngþh kh djs ngarjs `k vkhtjs y `k djs nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr. Kxgstkhngj? su Kxgstkhngj?  su bfoktgvb ks kd j`knuj`b rkegstrb `k trjhsjnngbhks vêdg`js rkjdgzj`js pbr dj khtg`j`3 dj kxgstkhngj `k rkegstrbs quk hb nbrrkspbh`kh j vkhtjs rkjdgzê`js pbr dj klprksj, hbs nrkj prbfdkljs `k sbfrkkstgljngþh kh djs ngarjs `k vkhtjs y nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr.

 

Kxjntgtu`? dbs nbhtrbdks `k kxjntgtu` kstêh brgkhtj`bs j ejrjhtgzjr kd nbrrkntb rkegstrb `k djs trjhsjnngbhks kakntuj`js pbr dj khtg`j`, dbs prbfdkljs rkdjngbhj`bs nbh dbs nbhtrbdks `k kxjntgtu` julkhtjh dbs rgksebs `k sbfrkkstgléngþh y sufkstgljngþh `k dbs rkegstrbs `k gh erksbs y nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr.

Dbs prghngpjdks nbhtrbdks rkdjng bhj`ðs nbh kd ngndb `k gherksbs y nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr sbh dbs sgeugkhtks? • • • •

Djs ajnturjs `kfkh kstjr prkhulkrj`js. Djs hbtjs `k khtrkej -sjdg`js `k jdljnçh- `kfkh kstjr jnblpjúj`js `k dj ajnturj nblkrngjd. Dbs dìlgtks `k nrç`gtb `kfkh skr rkspktj`bs. ^k `kfkh rkjdgzjr nbhtrbdks `k rknbhngdgjngþh khtrk dbs rkegstrbs juxgdgjrks y djs nukhtjs `k ljybr.

0. Yrbnk`glgkhtbs `k Hþlghj Dbs prbnk`glgkhtbs `k hþlghj kstêh khabnj`bs j rkegstrjr djs trjhsjnngbhks quk sk `krgvjh `k bpkrjngbhks nbh kd pkrsbhjd. Dbs njrebs pbr nbhnkptb `k dj hþlghj rkprkskhtj hbrljdlkhtk uh nbstb glpbrtjhtk pjrj dj erjh ljybrìj `k djs klprksjs, Kh kstk skhtg`b kd nbhtrbd `k djs krbejngbhks rkdjngbhj`js nbh dj hþlghj rkprkskhtj uh jspkntb glpbrtjhtk pjrj skr j`lghgstrj`b pbr uh sgstklj jpdgnjfdk jd ngndb.

 

Yrbnksbs rkdjngbhj`bs nbh kd Ykrsbhjd Kd ngndb `k hþlghj j`qugkrk kspkngjd glpbrtjhngj kh dj klprksj lb`krhj. Kh dj jntujdg`j`, ks hknksjrgb quk djs nblpjúìjs dberkh uh kqugdgfrgb khtrk sus rknursbs muljhbs b ajntbr muljhb y dbs rknursbs ljtkrgjdks3 `k kstj abrlj, dj aukrzj `k dj nblpjúìj kstjrê rkprkskhtj`j pbr su njpgtjd b rknursbs aghjhngkrbs y su pkrsbhjd. Kstç ajntbr muljhb ks nbhtrdbj`b pbr Vknursbs Muljhbs b `kpjrtjlkhtb `k pkrsbhjd. • Vkndutjlgkhtb y skdknngþh • Gherksb `k pkrsbhjd • Khtrkhjlgkhtb y `ksjrrbddb • Nbhtrbd `k jsgstkhngj y mbrjs trjfjoj`js • Fkhkagngbs pbr vjnjngbhks y btrjs prkstjngbhks • Nulpdglgkhtb `k bfdgejngbhks eufkrhjlkhtjdks • Ydjhks `k pkhsgþh y oufgdjngbhks • Njojs `k jmbrrbs • Yrçstjlbs jd pkrsbhjd

Vkngfb Jpbrtks

 

Yjrj rkjdgzjr djs `gakrkhtks auhngbhks nbrrkspbh`gkhtks nbrrkspbh`gkhtks jd ngndb `k hþlghj sk puk`k nbhtjr nbh dbs sgeugkhtks sgstkljs, khtrk btrbs? ^gstklj `k hþlghj? udgzj`b hþlghj? udgzj`b pjrj mjnkr dbs nêdnudbs hknksjrgbs `k jsgehjngbhks y `k`unngbhks pjrj nj`j klpdkj`b, jd nujd sk dk rkjdgzjh dbs pjebs. ^gstklj `k fkhkangbs nbhtrjntujdj? sgrvk nbhtrjntujdj? sgrvk pjrj njdnudjr dbs fkhkngbs quk `kfkh skr pjej`bs j dbs klpdkj`bs pbr kakntb `k nbhtrjtbs b `k dj dky djfbrjd, puk`k ghndugr vjnjngbhks, prkstjngbhks sbngjdks sbngjdks,, fbhgnjngbhks, ktn. ^gstklj `k prçstjlbs j klpdkj`bs? pjrj klpdkj`bs?  pjrj nbhtrbdjr tb`bs dbs prçstjlbs y jhngpbs khtrkej`bs j dbs klpdkj`bs. ^gstklj `k ghbrljngþh sbfrk hþlghj? tkh`rêh hþlghj?  tkh`rêh pbr bfokvb sulghgstrjr sulghgstrjr tb`j dj ghabhhjngþh rkqukrg`j pbr dj ekrkhngj, tjdks nblb kstj`ìsnjs kstj`ìsnjs `k p krsbhjd pbr `kpjrtjlkhtb, rbtjngþ rbtjngþh h `k pkrsbhjd, prblk`gbs `k sukd`b, ktn.

 

Dj J`lghgstrjngþh `k Ykrsbhjd sk Ykrsbhjd sk rkagkrk j tb`bs dbs trjfjobs rkdjngbhj`bs nbh kd pjeb `k eufkrhjlkhtjdks, gherksbs gherksbs y kerksbs jd ljkstrb `k hþlghj y nbhtrbd `ç dj. fkhçagngbs j`gngbhjdks nbhtrjntujdks b dkejdks. Dj Hknksg`j` `k Hukvb Ykrsbhjd kh dj nblpjúìj, surek pbr `kspg`b b rkhuhngj `k pkrsbhjd jntgvb, rkklpdjzb b julkhtb kh dj pdjhtgddj `k trjfjoj`brks3 pjrj jlfbs njsbs, kd rkspbhsjfdk `kd `kpjrtjlkhtb b uhg`j` quk rkqugkrk kd klpdkj`b `kfk ddkhjr uhj sbdgngtu` b rkqugsgngþh `k pkrsbhjd, quk khtrkejrê jd `kpjrtjlkhtb `k rknursbs muljhbs.

 

Kd prbnksb`khþlghj `kpkh`k `kdsgstklj klpdkj`b pjrj kdnêdnudb `kd pjeb3 puk`k klpdkjrsk uh sgstklj ljhujd, pkrb `kfg`b j quk kh dj ljybrìj `k dbs njsbs kd hÿlkrb `k klpdkj`bsy `k `êdnudbs `gagnudtj kd prbnksb, jntujdlkhtktb`js djs klprksjs rkjdgzjh nêdnudbs nblputjrgzj`bs. Kh kdlkrnj`b kxgstkh hulkrbsbs sgstkljs aêngdks `k ljhejr y j prkngbs rjzbhjfdks. Yjrj rkjdgzjrkdprbnksb `k hþlghj sk hknksgtj dj ghabrljngþh rkakrkhtk j dj fjsk pjrj kdnêdnudb, dj nujd hbrljdlkhtk ks? • Mbrjs?  `k jnukr`b nbh djs mbrjs trjfjoj`js jnuludj`js pbr pkrgb`b `k tgklpb quk puk`k skr skljhjd, fglkhsujdb kxprksj`bs kh btrb pkrìb`b. • @ìjs? @ìjs? kd  kd pjeb puk`k rkjdgzjrsk pbr`ìjs. • Ybr trjfjobrkjdgzj`b bj `kstjob? puk`k skr pbr pgkzjs, pbr koklpdb, uhj agfrgnj `kzjpjtbs puk`k pjejrj sus bfrkrbs uh prkngb pbr nj`j pjr`ç zjpjtbs. Kd pjeb`k dj hþlghj nbhstgtuyk uh ghtkrnjlfgbkhtrk kdtrjfjoj`bry dj nblpjúìj3 nblb tb`b ghtkrnjlfgb, rkqugkrk nbhabdjr dj kspkngk quksk rkngfk pjrj rkjdgzjr kdpjeb pbr kd lbhtb nbrrkntb. Kd Nbhtrbd`kdPgklpb pkrlgtgrê uh j`knuj`b nêdnudb `k dbs nbstbs y `k ljhb `k bfrj. Vktgrb`kPrjfjoj`brks Dbs trjfjoj`brks rktgrj`bs `kfkhskr trjtj`bs `k abrlj quk su kxndusgþh`kd sgstklj `k hþlghj sk rkjdgnk bpbrtuhjlkhtk, pjrj kvgtjrdj jnuludjngþh `k ejstbs ghhknksjrgbs. Kdrktgrb `kdtr jfjoj`br pbr `kspg`b, pbr rkhuhngj b pbr trjhsakrkhngj `k dj nblpjúìj, ekhkrj prbnksbs rkdjngbhj`bs nbh djsjnuludjngbhks `k ejstbs, sjd`bs `k prçstjlbs, hþlghj jnuludj`j y btrbs.

 

Ndjsgagnjngþh `k djs Nukhtjs Vkdjngbhj`js Djs nukhtjs rkdjngbhj`js nbh kd ngndb `k hþlghj sbh djs sgeugkhtks? Yrçstjlbs j klpdkj`bs? dj klpdkj`bs? dj hjturjdkzj `k kstj nukhtj mjnk quk sk prkskhtk, kh kd fjdjhnk ekhkrjd, `kspuçs `k djs nukhtjs nblkrngjdks y `k djs nukhtjs pbr nbfrjr rkdjngbhj`js. Hþlghj pbr pjejr? kstj pjejr? kstj nukhtj `kfk kstjr ghndug`j kh kd pjsgvb ngrnudjhtk nblb ejstbs jnuludj`bs y `kspuçs `k dbs `bnulkhtbs y nukhtjs pbr pjejr. Vktkhngbhks y jpbrtks pjtrbhjdks? kstjs `bs nukhtjs `kfkh ghndugrsk `khtrb `k dj ÿdtglj dìhkj `kd rufrb `k `bnulkhtbs y nukhtjs pbr pjejr, kh kd pjsgvb fgrnudjhtk, hbrljdlkhtk fjob dj `khblghjngþh `k btrjs nukhtjs pbr pjejr. Jhtgngpb `k prkstjngbhks? `kfg`b j su hjturjdkzj, kstj nukhtj `kfk skr ndjsgagnj`j rkstjh`b j dj nukhtj `k prkstjngbhks sbngjdks. Yrkstjngbhks b njrejs sbngjdks? kd pjsgvb pbr kstk nbhnkptb `kfk skr rkadkoj`b kh T kd prglkr rufrb, dukeb `kd pjsgvb ngrnudjhtk.

Nbhtrbd Ghtkrhb Kdêrkj `knbhtrbdghtkrhb khkd ngndb `khþ`hghj`kfkkstjrkhabnj`b mjngj`bsêrkjs?

 

• Ablkhtjr dj kagngkhngj bpkrjngbhjd • ^jdvjeujr`jr dbs jntgvbs Kh kstk skhtg`b, kd ablkhtjr dj kagngkhngj bpkrjngbhjd ks uhj hbrlj quk bfdgej j djs klprksjs j nrkjr uh j`knuj`b ndglj `k nbhtrbd. [hj `k djs abrljs pjrj ablkhtjr dj kagngkhngj ks kd kstjfdknglgkhtb `k prbnk`glgkhtbs, kh `bh`k sk gh`gquk dj abrlj kh quk `kfklkakntujr sus tjrkjs dbs klpdkj`bs. Kd skeuh`b jspkntb quk `kfk tkhkrsk prkskhtk kh kd nbhtrbd ghtklb, ks kd sjdvjeujr`jr dbs jntgvbs, y kddb kh kd ngndb `k hþlghj sk rkagkrk prghngpjdlkhtk j djs bpkrjngbhks kh djs nujdks sk ghvbdunrj kd ljhkob `kd kakntgvb pjrj kd pjeb `k dj hþlghj.