MAIN WAY Student’s Book 2
Yazar Dilko Yayın Kurulu
Görsel ve Kapak Tasarımı Dilko Grafik Servis
Baskı Tarihi Ağustos 2011
Baskı Cilt Apa Uniprint Basım Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. İstanbul Cad. No 159 Ömerli Köyü – Hadımköy / İstanbul Tel: 0212 798 28 40 pbx Faks: 0212 798 20 63
Yayımlayan Moya Modern Yayınlar ve Eğitim Hizmetleri Tic. Ltd. Şti. Eğitim Mah. Poyraz Sk. No 18/A Hasanpaşa – Kadıköy / İstanbul Tel: 0216 450 60 30 pbx Faks: 0216 450 60 34 e-mail:
[email protected]
ISBN 978-605-87568-3-0
c
Dilko markası ile üretilen bu kitabın tüm basım ve yayın hakları MOYA MODERN YAYINLAR VE EĞİT. HİZM. TİC. LTD. ŞTİ.’ye ait olup Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri yasası uyarınca yazılı izin alınmaksızın alıntı yapılamaz, basılamaz, fotokopi ve sair yollarla kısmen veya tamamen çoğaltılamaz.
İstiklâl Marşı
Korkma, sönmez bu şafaklarda yüzen al sancak Sönmeden yurdumun üstünde tüten en son ocak. O benim milletimin yıldızıdır parlayacak! O benimdir, o benim milletimindir ancak! Çatma, kurban olayım, çehreni ey nazlı hilal! Kahraman ırkıma bir gül... ne bu şiddet, bu celâl? Sana olmaz dökülen kanlarımız sonra helal. Hakkıdır, Hakk’a tapan milletimin istiklal.
Kim bu cennet vatanın uğruna olmaz ki feda? Şühedâ fışkıracak toprağı sıksan, şühedâ! Cânı, cânânı, bütün varımı alsın da Hudâ, Etmesin tek vatanımdan beni dünyâda cüdâ.
Ben ezelden beridir hür yaşadım, hür yaşarım; Hangi çılgın bana zincir vuracakmış? Şaşarım! Kükremiş sel gibiyim, bendimi çiğner, aşarım. Yırtarım dağları, enginlere sığmam, taşarım.
Rûhumun senden İlahî, şudur ancak emeli: Değmesin ma’ bedimin göğsüne nâmahrem eli! Bu ezanlar-ki şehâdetleri dinin temeliEbedî yurdumun üstünde benim inlemeli.
Garbın âfâkını sarmışsa çelik zırhlı duvar. Benim iman dolu göğsüm gibi serhaddim var. Ulusun, korkma! Nasıl böyle bir imânı boğar, ‘Medeniyet!’ dediğin tek dişi kalmış canavar?
O zaman vecd ile bin secde eder varsa taşım. Her cerîhamdan, İlâhî, boşanıp kanlı yaşım; Fışkırır rûh-ı mücerred gibi yerden na’şım; O zaman yükselerek arşa değer belki başım!
Arkadaş, yurduma alçakları uğratma sakın; Siper et gövdeni, dursun bu hayâsızca akın. Doğacaktır sana va’dettiği günler Hakk’ın, Kim bilir, belki yarın, belki yarından da yakın.
Dalgalan sen de şafaklar gibi ey şanlı hilâl! Olsun artık dökülen kanlarımın hepsi helâl. Ebediyyen sana yok, ırkıma yok izmihlâl; Hakkıdır, hür yaşamış, bayrağımın hürriyet, Hakkıdır, Hakk’a tapan milletimin istiklâl!
Bastığın yerleri ‘toprak’ diyerek geçme, tanı! Düşün altındaki binlerce kefensiz yatanı. Sen şehid oğlusun, incitme, yazıktır, atanı. Verme, dünyâları alsan da bu cennet vatanı.
^
Mehmet Akif Ersoy
Atatürk’ün Gençliğe Hitabesi
Ey Türk Gençliği! Birinci vazifen, Türk istiklâlini, Türk Cumhuriyetini, ilelebet, muhafaza ve müdafaa etmektir. Mevcudiyetinin ve istikbalinin yegâne temeli budur. Bu temel, senin, en kıymetli hazinendir. İstikbalde dahi, seni bu hazineden mahrum etmek isteyecek, dahilî ve haricî bedhahların olacaktır. Bir gün, İstiklâl ve Cumhuriyeti müdafaa mecburiyetine düşersen, vazifeye atılmak için, içinde bulunacağın vaziyetin imkân ve şerâitini düşünmeyeceksin! Bu imkân ve şerâit, çok nâmüsait bir mahiyette tezahür edebilir. İstiklâl ve Cumhuriyetine kastedecek düşmanlar, bütün dünyada emsali görülmemiş bir galibiyetin mümessili olabilirler. Cebren ve hile ile aziz vatanın, bütün kaleleri zaptedilmiş, bütün tersanelerine girilmiş, bütün orduları dağıtılmış ve memleketin her köşesi bilfiil işgal edilmiş olabilir. Bütün bu şerâitten daha elîm ve daha vahim olmak üzere, memleketin dahilinde, iktidara sahip olanlar gaflet ve dalâlet ve hattâ hıyanet içinde bulunabilirler. Hattâ bu iktidar sahipleri şahsî menfaatlerini, müstevlilerin siyasi emelleriyle tevhit edebilirler. Millet, fakr ü zaruret içinde harap ve bîtap düşmüş olabilir. Ey Türk istikbalinin evlâdı! İşte, bu ahval ve şerâit içinde dahi, vazifen; Türk İstiklâl ve Cumhuriyetini kurtarmaktır! Muhtaç olduğun kudret, damarlarındaki asil kanda mevcuttur!
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 20 Ekim 1927
CONTENTS Vocabulary
14 15
Unit 10
Unit 18
Verbs about hopes for the future Nouns about nature and professions Adjectives describing personality
Verbs related to sports Nouns related to health and sports Word formation
Grammar
Reading
Simple Future Tense Predictions Too + adjective Adjective + enough Promises
Reading about predictions for the future
Had to / didn’t have to Could / couldn’t If conditional type 0 – 1 Reason and result sentences
Reading about one’s health
26
REVISION
16
Unit
17
28
Unit
Simple Past vs Past Continuous Time expressions
Reading about a past event
Phrasal verbs: get Nouns related to equipments Adjectives related to shapes, materials and characters
Defining relative clauses in subject position Order of adjectives
Reading about descriptions of things or people
Names of seasons Nouns related to countries and climates Adjectives related to weather and seasons
Comparison with adjectives and adverbs Question tags
Reading about descriptions of places and climate
Verbs related to experiences Word formation
Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect vs Simple Past Time expressions
Reading about experiences
Verbs related to past events Adjectives related to past events Word formation
36 44
REVISION
18
Unit 46
19
54
REVISION
62
Unit
Listening
Speaking
Writing
Project Time
Listening about predictions
Talking about horoscopes
Writing about hopes for the future
Designing a home page of a website for online shopping
Listening about health and sports
Giving information about health
Writing about health and sports
Designing a health and sports page of a magazine
Listening about describing someone
Doing an oral discussion
Writing about a past event
Storytelling
Listening about Atatürk’s life
Describing objects in a room
Describing professions
Preparing a music quiz
Listening about climate
Talking about a questionnaire
Writing a poem about weather
Preparing metarials for weather forecast
Listening about health and precautions
Making an interview
Expressing feelings about experiences
Preparing a poster for an international magazine
Vocabulary
20 21 22 REVISION
Unit
Phrasal verbs: turn, run, come Verbs about superstitions Word formation
Grammar
Reading
If clause type 1 Contrast sentences
Reading about superstitions
Past Simple vs Past Continuous Defining relative clauses
Reading information about technology and clothes
Revision of Simple Present and Present Continuous with future meaning Revision of “wh-” questions May / might for possibility Would like
Reading about future plans
64 Vocabulary related to fashion and clothing
Unit 72 Vocabulary related to party Phrasal verbs: take
Unit 80 88
Listening
Speaking
Writing
Project Time
Listening about horoscopes and superstitions
Giving personal information and opinion about superstitions
Writing about cultural differences
Preparing a poster about superstitions
Listening about fashion
Giving information and opinion about a fashion show
Writing about fashion
Preparing a poster about clothes
Listening about parties and future plans
Giving information about parties
Intiving someone
Preparing a card for an anniversary
APPENDIX
Grammar bank Irregular verbs list Word list Pronunciation chart
HOPES FOR THE FUTURE GRAMMAR POINT SIMPLE FUTURE PREDICTIONS TOO+ADJECTIVE ADJECTIVE+ENOUGH PROMISES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES READING:
Reading about predictions for the future
LISTENING:
Listening about predictions
VOCABULARY:
Verbs about hopes for the future Nouns about nature and professions Adjectives describing personality
SPEAKING:
Talking about horoscopes
WRITING:
Writing about hopes for the future
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS Whose _____________? What _____________? Where _____________? It is too _____________. It is _____________ enough _____________. I will _____________. I won’t _____________. Will you _____________?
Before You Re ad Answer the questions below about Unit 13. 1. Who is better known than Sertab Erener? 2. How does Cem know about Sertab’s personality? 3. Whose songs are as impressive as Sezen’s?
While You Re ad
Did you like the movie?
Read the dialogue below.
, but Yes, it was good ose I don’t think th in things will happen the future.
Cem: Did you like the movie? Selin: Yes, it was good and I’m afraid those things will happen in the future. Cem: The Earth’s temperature will rise more and more. Global warming will change the climates. Selin: Then, it will be too hot to go out at noon and in the afternoon. Cem: True. And also the icebergs will get hot enough to melt.
Selin: That’s terrible. Sea levels will rise and many coastal regions will be under water.
hnology c e t t n e Curr ’t developedort isn to supp enough that.
W knows ell, who everyth ? Maybe i better t ng will be han movie. this
Cem: Unfortunately! There will be big floods when the icebergs melt. Besides, earthquakes will change the shape of the continents. Selin: As a result, it will be too hard to find clean fresh water. Cem: Yes, and new kinds of animal and plant species will emerge. Selin: Oh, it sounds scary! Perhaps we will live on another planet then. Cem: I hope so but current technology isn’t developed enough to support that. Selin: Well, who knows? Maybe everything will be better than this movie.
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Comprehension 1. Read the dialogue again. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? √ X 1. Selin thinks that worse events will happen apart from the ones described in the movie. 2. Earthquakes and floods will change the climate in the end. 3. According to the theory, it will be more difficult to find clean water in the future. 4. Current technology is enough to live on another planet but Selin doesn’t want to do it. 5. All of the mentioned events are only predictions actually. They are not certain.
Voice of English Selin takes Lucy and Annie to a fortune teller. They wonder what the fortune teller will say to them... 1. Listen to the dialogue and complete the sentences below.
2. Answer the questions below. 1. Do you like watching these kind of fiction movies? 2. What does Selin think about the reality of events in the movie? 3. What will cause big floods according to the movie? 4. Will we live on another planet in the future? 5. What is the main reason for global warming? What will be the main results?
KEY PHRASES Kemal: We will go to Nemrut Ruins this summer. Okan: Where is it, Dad? Kemal: It’s in Adıyaman. Okan: How will we go there? Kemal: By car. Okan: Whose car is it? Kemal: Your uncle’s car. Okan: Isn’t it too far to go by car? Kemal: We will visit different cities on the way and we will have enough time to rest. Okan: What will we do there? Kemal: We will climb Mount Nemrut. Okan: Why do we have to climb it? Won’t it be too tiring? Kemal: Yes, it will. It’s beautiful enough to be tired. If we reach the summit before the sunset, maybe we can watch the scene.
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1. “You will be _________________________.” 2. “You will ___________________________.” 3. “You will live ________________________.” 4. “You’ll travel ________________________.” 5. “You’ll marry ________________________.” 6. “You won’t __________________________.” 2. Listen to the text and complete the missing parts.
_____ _____ could soon become big business. One _____ by Japanese researchers say that space tourism could be worth _____ billion per year before _____. Because of reports like these, the American and Russian _____ _____ are beginning to invest in space tourism. They want more tourists to visit the _____ _____ _____. They want the money space tourists bring because it can help pay for expensive scientific research in space. Several space tourism companies are already building _____ and _____ _____. They know that there are more millionaires these days, so many people can pay to go into space. They also want to make space travel _____, so they can get _____ _____. Because these _____ believe space tourism will be popular, they are spending millions and millions of dollars. Imagine taking your _____ on _____, or enjoying a _____ past the _____. It would be ‘out of this world’.
Grammar Reminder THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE • We use “will ” to make predictions about future. e.g. One day, Canan will be famous.
3. Check the meaning of the words in the box and complete the table. hypocrite / clever / moody / generous / creative / shy / secretive / lively / pessimistic / reliable / careless / cheerful
• “won’t” is the negative form of “will ” e.g. People won’t go to Jupiter before the 22nd century.
Positive
Negative
lively
shy
• “enough” shows something is sufficient. e.g. The soup is warm enough for me to eat. • “too” shows that something is more than you need. e.g. The soup is too hot to drink. • We use “will ” to make serious promises. I will buy you a new sports car, son.
Word Power 1. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. live / learn / have / cure / drive / do / build / fly / be (x2) 1. The people will do shopping only through the Internet in ten years. 2. The students will _____ the lesson on computer at home soon. 3. The birds will _____ to hot countries next winter. 4. People won’t _____ cars on the roads in 2300. 5. The population of the world will _____ over eleven billion in 2140. 6. People will _____ houses under the sea in the next century. 7. Improvements in DNA research will _____ almost all diseases. 8. Computer hard drives will _____ as small as a grain of sand. 9. Mentally ill people will _____ brain transplants so they will _____ a normal life.
2. Match the words with the definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
earthquake e huge ___ artificial ___ nutrition ___ global warming ___
a. b. c. d. e.
food; nourishment an increase in the world’s temperatures of very large weight, size, or amount made by human beings; not natural a shaking or other movement of the Earth’s surface
4. Look at Exercise 3. Which words in the box describe each person? 1
Meral is happy one moment but she may be sad the next. moody 2. Sema always smiles and she’s a lovely girl. _______ 3. My sister rarely tells me what she is up to. _______ 4. Semih is unbelievably intelligent. _______ 5. My brother loves making new things up. _______ 6. Perihan thinks something bad will happen all the time. _______ 7. Kemal doesn’t like meeting new people much. _______ 8. Aslı always keeps her promises. _______ 9. My father often gives money to little children to make them happy. _______ 10. Cem is always full of energy and fun. _______ 11. Ayşegül doesn’t watch out for dangerous things around her. _______ 12. Vural doesn’t say good things behind people but he treats them nicely. _______ 5. Match the sentences with the professions.
f 1. I love flying planes. It’s a pleasure for me. ___ 2. People take photos of me in different clothes. ___ 3. I take care of people’s teeth. ___ 4. I enjoy being in space. It’s wonderful. ___ 5. I’m very good at scoring goals. ___ 6. I love composing songs and playing the piano. ___ 7. You have a sore throat. You should have a rest. ___ 8. I write news reports about sports events. ___ 9. I have to ask some questions about a murder. ___ 10. I like planting and watering flowers. a. musician b. footballer c. gardener d. doctor e. detective
f. pilot g. model j. journalist I. dentist k. astronaut
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Language Work 1. Complete the table below with the short forms of “will ” or “will not ”. I You She He It We They
__________ will __________ will not
be famous.
go abroad.
2. Complete the sentences with “will ”.
5. Put the sentences below into the right place in the text. Will I make friends? / Will I get a job? / Will we get on well together? Name: Mehmet Star sign: Cancer Case & Question: I’m going to marry a girl soon. She is also a Cancerian. ______________________?
1. In the future, shopping malls ____ ____ (be) more fun than now. 2. We ____ ____ (have) “intelligent” fridges in our kitchens. 3. ________ shopping malls________? (disappear) 4. ________ shopping on the Internet ________ (become) more popular? 5. Our local corner shop ____ ____ (close) down soon. 3. Make sentences with the words below by using “will ”. 1. not / go / swim / you / for / a / I / with _____________________________________. 2. they / exercise / the / do / in / garden _____________________________________. 3. children / not / time / spend / a lot of / homework / doing _____________________________________. 4. we / do / shopping / more / online _____________________________________. 5. do / not / housewives / housework / a lot of _____________________________________. 4. Complete the dialogue below. Zeliha: Are you ready? You will learn your future soon. Suna: Yes, I am. _________ ? Zeliha: Of course, you will. You will be very rich. Suna: ? Zeliha: Hmmm! No,you won’t but you will have a big house. Suna: _________________________________ ? Zeliha: Yes, you will be a famous artist. Suna: Really? _________________________ ? Zeliha: No, your husband won’t change his job. Suna: _________________________________ ? Zeliha: Yes, you will have two babies. Suna: Thanks a lot. My future will be very nice for me.
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Name: Selen Star sign: Pisces Case & Question: I’m going to graduate from university soon. I’m anxious about my future. ______________________? Name: Tarık Star sign: Libra Case & Question: I’m going to go camping next month but I will be alone. ______________________? 6. Read the cases below. Then, make promises for each of them. 1. You lose your best friend’s favourite dress. What do you promise her? ____________________________________. 2. You forget to do your project. What do you say to your teacher? ____________________________________. 3. Your friend tells you an important secret. What do you promise him? ____________________________________. 4. You are late for work so your boss gets angry. What do you promise him? ____________________________________. 5. You borrow some money from your cousin. What do you promise her? ____________________________________.
7. Complete the sentences with “too” or “enough”.
1. The house is 250.000 TL. I have only 100.000 TL. The house __________________. (expensive) The house __________________. (cheap) 2. These shoes are size 36. I need size 38. These shoes __________________. (small) These shoes __________________. (big) 3. I got 90 in the maths exam but Cem got 60. Cem’s exam mark __________________. (low) Cem’s exam mark __________________. (high)
9. Rewrite the sentences with “too” or “enough”. 1. You are too young to go to university. ______________________________. 2. This skirt is too small for me to wear. ______________________________. 3. This question isn’t easy enough to answer. ______________________________. 4. The movie is too boring to watch. ______________________________. 5. This laptop isn’t cheap enough to buy. ______________________________. 10. Complete the dialogue below. Cemil: ______ are your hopes about your future? Hatice: I ______ go abroad and be a famous professor. Cemil: You are clever ______ to succeed it. Hatice: Thanks a lot but I think you are ______ optimistic. It is nearly impossible. Cemil: ______ do you think so? You ______ graduate from your university soon. Hatice: But I am not rich ______ to live abroad. It is ______ expensive for me. Cemil: Maybe you ______ be rich soon. Hatice: ______ can it be possible? I don’t have a job. I am just a university student. Cemil: You shouldn’t be ______ pessimistic. Time ______ show us. Hatice: Thanks for your suggestion.
4. I can’t drive a car because I am only fifteen. I’m _______________________. (old) I’m _______________________. (young) 8. Look at the sentences below. Correct the mistakes. (if there is any) 1. I’m old too to run fast. _______________________. 2. She is enough slim to be a model. _______________________. 3. The students are lazy too to pass this exam. _______________________. 4. You are tall enough to be a basketball player. _______________________. 5. You can’t enter here. You are old enough. _______________________. 6. This room isn’t tidy enough to sleep. _______________________. 7. You are too pessimistic nowadays. _______________________. 8. The water is enough hot to drink. _______________________.
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Reading Before You Re ad Answer the questions below. 1. Do you have a Facebook profile? How often do you use it? 2. What are your hopes about your future? 3. What kind of a relationship between future and Facebook can be in this text?
Communication Workshop: HOROSCOPE SHOW Work in pairs. You are a guest to the horoscope show and your partner is a famous fortune teller.
While You Re ad Read the texts below.
LET’S THINK ABOUT OUR FUTURE FACEBOOK PROFILES Here’s my future Facebook profile: (Mert)
5
First I want to start with education. I believe I will study in the Law Faculty of Istanbul University. It will be hard to study there. I will live in İstanbul so my“current city” will be İstanbul. I will work in a part-time job in a law office, so “current work” will be“assistant lawyer”. I will be single, I won’t get married in the next ten years. Then, there is “languages” section. I will learn two more languages so it will say “Turkish, English, Spanish and German”. I will upload my photos of the campus and my office. I think I will have a lovely Facebook profile!
And it’s my turn! Check my future Facebook profile out: (Murat)
10
15
20
25
I also think that education is the most important thing. I hope I will study in the Electrical Engineering Department of METU. I will conduct many experiments. I will share many photos of my laboratory and experiments on Facebook. I will live in Ankara so my “current city” will be Ankara. I really love it. I will spend my leisure time with my hobbies such as playing chess and going to concerts. I will have many photos with my friends on my Facebook profile. I will work as an assistant scientist in a technology centre. I think I will be single. It sounds great! I hope I will have them all! Now I’m the last one to tell about future Facebook profile: (Alfonso) I will return to my hometown, to Madrid, Spain. I will continue my university education in Madrid University. So my “current city” will not be Istanbul, it will be Madrid. I hope I will study Public Relations and Advertising. I will add Turkey as my second hometown on my Facebook profile. I will visit Turkey regularly and I will share our photos with my Turkish friends on Facebook. I will never forget my days in Turkey. I will work in a media agency and will spend more time for my hobbies. I will make a list of my favourite books and movies on my profile. I suppose I will be single. I will learn Japanese and my languages section will say: “Spanish, Turkish, English and Japanese”. My Facebook profile will help me to keep in touch with my Turkish friends.
Comprehension 1. Complete the sentences below. 1. What does “there” refer in line 2? ____________ 2. What does “it” refer in line 6? ____________ 3. What does “it” refer in line 12? ____________ 4. What does “them” refer in line 16? ____________ 5. What does “it” refer in line 18? ____________ 6. What does “me” refer in line 26? ____________ 2. Who are they in the sentences below according to the text? 1. ______ will work in a part-time job in a law office. 2. ______ thinks that education is the most important. 3. ______ will work as an assistant scientist in a technology centre. 4. ______ hopes he will study Public Relations and Advertising. 5. ______ will study in the Law Faculty of İstanbul University. 6. ______ will work in a media agency and will spend more time for his hobbies. 16
STAGEE 1 You are the guest. Say your sun sign then ask questions to the fortune teller.
STAGE 2 You are the fortune teller. Explain the general features of your guest’s sun sign then answer his or her questions.
STAGE 3 Talk to your classmates about their sun signs and their features.
Language Problem Solving: NEXT TEN YEARS Selin writes her plans about future. Help her to describe them. get a job / get married / learn to drive / go to university / be famous / learn another language / buy a house / buy a car / go abroad PARAGRAPH 1 : Write what you want to do in the next ten years. PARAGRAPH 2 : Write your predictions about the next ten years. Use the phrases in the box. PARAGRAPH 3 : Write how many of your wishes can become true in the next five years.
English for Life
Learning Diary
Imagine you are a web site designer and this is your favourite online shopping website’s home page.
STAGE 1 Find photos or draw pictures of your objects on the web site. They can be clothes, animals, furniture etc...
I can explain my hopes for the future. I can make predictions about the future. I can talk about horoscopes. I can make promises for the future. I can write about my plans in the future. I can understand other people’s hopes and plans for the future.
STAGE 2 Write the features and prices of these objects under the pictures.
STAGE 3 Prepare a small questionnarie about the future of shopping for your website. You can ask this kind of questions: - Will shopping on the Internet become more popular? - Will shopping malls disappear? - What about traditional shops?
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