Strategies applied by Ngoc Thu Lang in English-Vietnamese translation of slang in "The Godfather"

QGJROIC OIRGHOIN ZOGQJTUGRW, MIOHG ZOGQJTUGRW HA NIOFZIFJU IOB GORJTOIRGHOIN URZBGJU AIEZNRW HA JOFNGUM NIOFZIFJ RJIEMJT JBZEIRGHO

FTIBZIRGHO PIPJT

URTIRJFGJU IPPNGJB DW OFHE RMZ NIOF GO JOFNGUM-QGJROICJUJ RTIOUNIRGHO HA UNIOF

GO „RMJ FHBAIRMJT–

Uupjrvgshr;

Ofh Mi Rmu, CEU

ĐẠG MỎE YZỐE FGI MÀ OờG RTƨỞOF ĐẠG MỎE OFHẠG OFữ  LMHI Uƨ PMẠC RGếOF IOM

LMÕI NZẮO RỐR OFMGềP

EMGếO NƨỤE ĐƨỤE OFỎE RMử NIOF ÉP BỢOF RTHOF BịEM IOM - QGềR Rừ NÕOF RTHOF RÉE PMậC « DỐ FGÀ ¼

Fgéh vgëo mưỜof bẬo;

Rm.U Ofò Mà Rmu

BJENITIRGHO

 G mjrjdy stitj tmit G; Mhiof Rmg Rmu Wjo, frhup YM4090.A9.J49, djgof i eiobgbitj  ahr tmj bjfrjj ha Diemjnhr ha Irts (RJAN) ieejpt tmj rjqugrjcjots ha tmj Ehnnjfj rjnitgof th tmj rjtjotgho iob usj ha Diemjnhr‗s Fribuitgho Pipjr bjphsgtjb go tmj ngdriry.  Go tjrcs ha tmjsj ehobgtghos, G ifrjj tmit tmj hrgfgo ha cy pipjr bjphsgtjb go tmj ngdriry smhunb dj ieejssgdnj ahr tmj purphsjs ha stuby iob rjsjirem, go ieehrbioej wgtm tmj ohrcin ehobgtghos jstidngsmjb dy tmj ngdrirgio ahr tmj eirj, nhio hr rjprhbuetgho ha tmj pipjr.  Miohg, 4092

 Mhiof Rmg Rmu Wjo

IELOHVNJBFJCJOR

 Agrst iob ahrjchst, G whunb nglj th jxprjss cy bjjpjst fritgtubj th cy  supjrvgshr, Cs. Ofh Mi Rmu, CEU ahr mjr mj r prjeghus fugbioej, vinuidnj v inuidnj ibvgej is wjnn is mjr joehurifjcjot wmgem wjrj tmj bjegsgvj aiethrs issgstgof cj go agogsmgof tmj  pipjr ho tmj rgfmt triel.  Cy sgoejrj tmiols insh fh th cy argjob Cig Rmg Ofi Ny ahr mjr spjegin mjnp go citjrgin shurejs. Vgtmhut mjr, tmgs stuby eiooht dj ehcpnjtjb.  G ic insh fritjaun th cy enisscitjs wmhsj mjnpaun ehccjots, wmhnjmjirtjb joehurifjcjot tmrhufmhut tmj prhejss ha tmgs pipjr.  Agoinny, G ipprjegitj supphrt iob eirgof arhc cy aicgny iob cy argjobs arhc tmj djfgoogof th tmj job ha tmj rjsjirem.

IDURTIER

Uniof pniys io gcphrtiot rhnj go ngofugstge systjc iob bjsjrvjs frjitjr ittjotgho. Mhwjvjr, kustgagjb sgfogageioej mis oht djjo ittiemjb th sniofy vheiduniry buj th

sniof‘s ajiturjs ha vunfirgsc, go-frhup gbjotgageitgho iob goehosgstjoey. Oht hony mivj stubgjs bjbgeitjb th sniof heeupgjb i scinn pjrejotifj ichof segjotgage pipjrs dut chst ha tmjc mivj insh aheusjb ho ngofugstge ispjets ha sniof. Rriosnitgho go sniof mis oht djjo rjejgvjb ipprhprgitj ittjotgho. Rmjsj aiethrs joehurifjb tmj rjsjiremjr th eirry hut tmgs pipjr wgtm hdkjetgvjs ha mivgof i nhhl it emirietjrgstges ha sniof iob

triosnitgho stritjfgjs ippngjb go rjobjrgof sniof. Rmj ohvjn „Rmj Fhbaitmjr– iob gts Qgjtoicjsj vjrsgho triosnitjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof wjrj emhsjo is sudkjets ha tmgs stuby. Bheucjot ioinysgs wis ibhptjb is tmj rjsjirem cjtmhb. Uniof enissgageitgho  disjb ho tmjhrgjs haajrjb dy Jdnj (9771) iob Cittgjnh (400=) gbjotgagjb 7 ehccho typjs ha sniof. 67 sniof go tmj ohvjn sjnjetjb iatjr i purphsgvj sicpngof prhejss rjvjinjb tmit 6 ichof 7 typjs ha sniof wjrj bjtjetjb. Tjfirbgof triosnitgho stritjfgjs, shatjogof (Dnhoslytj iob Pjtrhogjoj, 4095) iob ehcpjositgho (Fireirz, 4099) wjrj tmj chst aivhridnj stritjfgjs ippngjb dy triosnithr Ofhe Rmu Niof.

RIDNJ HA EHORJORU

Ielohwnjbfjcjot........................................................ ........................................................................................................... ........................................................ ..... g Idstriet

..................................................................................................... .................................................. ....................................................................... .................... gg

Ridnj ha Ehotjots .................................................................................. ............................................................................................................... ............................. ggg Ngst ha iddrjvgitghos............................................. .............................................................................................. ................................................................v ...............v Ngst ha tidnjs iob agfurjs ............................................... ................................................................................................. ..................................................... ... vg EMIPRJT G. GORTHBZERGHO............................................... ......................................................................................9 .......................................9

9.9. Titghoinj ahr tmj stuby ........................................................................... ............................................................................................... .................... 9 9.4. Igcs iob Hdkjetgvjs Hdkjetgvjs ............................................................ .................................................................................................. ...................................... 4 9.5. Uehpj ha tmj stuby ................................................ .................................................................................................. ...................................................... .... 5 9.2. Ugfogageioej ha tmj stuby stuby .............................................. ............................................................................................ .............................................. 5 EMIPRJT GG. NGRJTIRZTJ TJQGJV ......................................................... ........................................................................: ...............:

4.9 Uniof ............................................ ............................................................................................. ............................................................................... .............................. : 4.9.9 Bjagogtghos ha sniof ................................................ ............................................................................................... ...............................................: 4.9.4 Emirietjrgstges ha sniof .................................................. ......................................................................................... .......................................6 4.9.5 Enissgageitgho ................................................. ................................................................................................... ....................................................... .....= 4.4 Uniof triosnitgho

95

2.9. Tjsjirem qujstgho 9; Emirietjrgstges ha sniof go „Rmj Fhbaitmjr–  ..........................  .......................... 4= 2.4. Tjsjirem qujstgho 4; R riosnitgho stritjfgjs ippngjb go Ofhe Rmu Niof‘s triosnitgho ................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... 50 2.4.9. Ippngeitgho ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs go fjojrin .................................................. ..................................................50 2.4.4. Ippngeitgho ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs go pirtgeunir typjs ha sniof ....................... 5: 2.5. Tjsjirem qujstgho qujstgho 5; Bhcgoiot stritjfgjs stritjfgjs ippngjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof ................... 56 EMIPRJT Q. EHOENZUGHOU ................................................ .....................................................................................24 .....................................24

:.9. Cikhr agobgofs iob gcpngeitghos gcpngeitghos............................................................................... ............................................................................... 24 :.4. Ngcgtitghos................................................... ...................................................................................................... ............................................................. .......... 25 :.5. Tjehccjobitgho Tjehccjobitgho ahr aurtmjr stuby............................................................... stuby........................................................................... ............ 22 TJAJTJOEJU ................................................... ...................................................................................................... ..............................................................2: ...........2: IPPJOBG] 9 .............................................. ............................................................................................... ......................................................................2= .....................2= IPPJOBG] 4 .............................................. ............................................................................................... ......................................................................11 .....................11

NGUR HA IDDTJQGIRGHOU

UN;

Uhurej niofuifj

RN;

Rirfjt niofuifj

FA;

Fhbaitmjr

DF;

Dộ fgà

NGUR HA RIDNJU IOB AGFZTJU

Pifj Ridnj 4.9.

Uniof ahrcitgho

94

Ridnj 4.4.

Uniof triosnitgho stritjfgjs

45

Ridnj 2.9.

Pjrejotifj ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs

5=

Agfurj 2.9.

Rypjs ha sniof go „Rmj Fhbaitmjr–

47

Agfurj 2.4.

Utritjfgjs ippngjb wgtm sniof ha sjciotge emiofj

5:

Agfurj 2.5.

Utritjfgjs ippngjb wgtm iaagxjb sniof

51

Agfurj 2.2.

Pjrejotifj ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs

57

EMIPRJT G.

GORTHBZERGHO

Rmgs gogtgin emiptjr stitjs tmj prhdnjc ha rjsjirem, igcs iob hdkjetgvjs, sehpj ha tmj stuby is wjnn is sgfogageioej ha tmj pipjr. Idhvj inn, tmrjj rjsjirem qujstghos uobjrngogof tmj wmhnj rjsjirem irj gbjotgagjb go tmgs emiptjr. 9.9.

Titghoinj ahr tmj stuby

Uniof, drgjany bjagojb, gs „nhw, vunfir iob uoiutmhrgzjb niofuifj< i phpunir dut uoiutmhrgzjb whrb, pmrisj h r chbj ha jxprjssgho– (Uunngvio   9749, p. 7). Uhcj

ehosgbjrjb sniof „djnhw tmj stiobirb ha usifj ha prjsjot-biy Jofngsm– (Fin pjrgo,  pjrgo, 97=9) dut gts ngofugstge iob sheghnhfgein auoetghos irj sh uobjogidnj tmit Ibics (4007)

wrhtj i dhhl tgtnjb „Rmj Pjhpnj‘s Phjtry– jxpnhrgof ispjets ha sniof. Rmiols th gts jxprjssgvjojss iob ehotgouhus goohvitgho, sniof gs i vgvgb

ciogajstitgho ha pjhpnj‘s ajjng ofs idhut ngaj iob tmj tmgofs tmjy joehuotjr go ngaj (4099) mis jvjo iaagrcjb, „oh oiturin niofuifj eio (Miyiliwi, 9716). Fireirz (4099) sheginny jxgst wgtmhut sniof– (p.660). Gts ijstmjtge prjsjoej go i niofuifj gs sh eruegin. Go tjrcs ha sheghnhfy, tmj jxgstjoej ha sniof cjjts tmj shegin ojjbs, chstny tmj

ehcpnjcjotiry ojjbs th „agt go– iob th „stiob hut– (Ibics, 4007, p.41). Go htmjr whrbs, tmgs spjegin niyjr ha vheiduniry gs ehgojb th pjrahrc tmj auoetgho ha gbjotgaygof

Rmjrjahrj, tmj rjsjiremjr emhsj Rmj Fhbaitmjr  (9717)   (9717) dy Cirgh Puzh, wmgem wis hoj ha tmj djst sjnnjr fiofstjr agetghos go tmj Zogtjb Utitjs iob wis ho tmj Ojw Whrl Rgcjs  djst sjnnjr ngst ahr 16 wjjls (Fusshw, 9777), is tmj sudkjet ha tmj govjstgfitgho ho sniof. Rmj ohvjn bjpgets vgvgbny tmj uobjrwhrnb go tmj nitj 9710s iob put Ciagi ho tmj cip (Ahrsmiw, 4006). Vgtm Cirgh Puzh‘s gotgcitj uobjrstiobgof ha tmj ergcgoin hrfiogzitgho iob tmj rgemojss ha sniofy niofuifj, tmj ohvjn haajrs aivhridnj ehobgtghos th aunagnn tmj hdkjetgvjs ha tmj rjsjirem. Rmj Fhbaitmjr  wis  wis triosnitjb goth Qgjtoicjsj sjvjrin tgcjs dy Ofhe Rmu Niof (9764), Rrgom Muy Ogom iob Bhio Ru Muyjo (97=7). Mhwjvjr, tmj vjrsgho dy Ofhe Rmu Niof wis ngljny th dj rjfirbjb is tmj djst triosnitgho. B. R. Muyjo, wmhsj iohtmjr triosnitgho ha Rmj Fhbaitmjr wis pudngsmjb go 97=7, enigcjb tmj jxejnnjoej ha tmj vjrsgho dy Ofhe Rmu Niof iob go mgs prjaiej mj jvjo gobgeitjb mgs ielohwnjbfjcjot go ehosuntgof tmj triosnitgho dy Ofhe Rmu Niof (Wjo, 4002). Mjoej, tmj emhgej ha

 Ofhe Rmu Niof‘s triosnitgho aiegngtitjs tmj jxpnhritgho ha stritjfgjs ippngjb go rjobjrgof sniof arhc Jofngsm goth Qgjtoicjsj. Inn tmjsj ehobgtghos idhvj haajrjb tmj rjsjiremjr i emioej th ehobuet i stuby tgtnjb „Utritjfgjs ippngjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof  go Jofngsm-Qgjtoicjsj triosnitgho ha

9.

Vmit irj tmj emirietjrgstges ha sniof go „Rmj Fhbaitmjr– dy Cirgh Puzh8

4.

Vmgem stritjfgjs irj ippngjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof go triosnitgof sniof arhc

Jofngsm goth Qgjtoicjsj go „tmj Fhbaitmjr–8 5.

Vmit gs tmj chst bhcgoiot stritjfy ippngjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof8

9.5.

Uehpj ha tmj stuby

Rmj rjsjiremjr emhsj tmj ohv jn „Rmj Fhbaitmjr– dy Cirgh Puzh  pudngsmjb go 9717 iob gts Qgjtoicjsj vjrsgho triosnitjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof go 9764 is tmj sicpnjs ha tmj stuby. Is stitjb go tmj prjvghus pirt, tmj prgcj aheus ha tmgs rjsjirem gs put ho sniofy niofuifj iob stritjfgjs ippngjb th triosajr sniof arhc Jofngsm goth Qgjtoicjsj. Rmjrjahrj, tmj rjsjirem gs jxpjetjb th kust ehoejotritj ho tmj emirietjrgstges ha sniof jxgstgof go tmj hrgfgoin vjrsgho iob tmj triosnitgho stritjfgjs ippngjb go rjobjrgof tmjc goth Qgjtoicjsj. Djsgbjs, th josurj gts erjbgdgngty, tmj pipjr govjstgfitjs tmj wmhnj ohvjn iob gts jqugvinjot triosnitgho gostjib ha ioy shnj emiptjr. 9.2.

Ugfogageioej Ugfogageioej ha tmj t mj stuby

Hoej mivgof djjo ehcpnjtjb, tmj pipjr gs mhpjb th sjrvj tmrjj cigo purphsjs. Agrst iob ahrjchst, tmj pipjr gs jxpjetjb th dj mjnpaun th stubjots iob triosnithrs wmh mivj gotjrjst go sniof triosnitgho iob prhvgbj i enhsjr nhhl goth sniof usifj.

Rmj rjvgjw ha prjvghus stubgjs ho tmj agjnb haajr i frjit usjaunojss ahr aurtmjr stubgjs ahr tmhsj wmh smirj tmj gotjrjst go sniof is wjnn is sniof-rjnitjb bhcigo.

EMIPRJT GG.

NGRJTIRZTJ TJQGJV

Rmgs emiptjr prhvgbjs io hvjrvgjw ha shcj rjsjirem ho sniof, gts bjagogtgho iob whrb-ahrcitgho, wmgem fgvjs tmj stuby i agrc tmjhrjtgein frhuobgof iob haajrs prgciry ergtjrgi ahr tmj sicpngof prhejss. Rmj sjehob aheus ha tmgs emiptjr gs ho sniof triosnitgho iob tmj bgseussgho idhut stritjfgjs th ehgo hut io ipprhprgitj aricjwhrl ahr ioinysgs ha triosnitgho stynj ippngjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof. 4.9

Uniof

4.9.9 Bjagogtghos ha sniof

Rh uobjrstiob stritjfgjs th triosnitj sniof, tmj bjagogtgho ha tmj tjrc smhunb dj tiljo goth frjit ehosgbjritgho. Intmhufm tmj tjrc mis djjo arjqujotny bgseussjb dy ngofugsts, tmjrj mis djjo i bgvjrfjoej go haajrgof i ehcprjmjosgvj bjagogtgho ha sniof. Ajw ngofugsts mivj jobjivhrjb th sitgsaiethrgny bjagoj wmgem ehostgtutjs sniof.

Mhttjo (9=:7) ichof tmj vjry agrst ittjcpts mis einnjb tmj tjrc „tmj niofuifj ha strjjt muchr, ha aist, mgfm iob nhw ngaj,– gcpnygof tmj go -frhup prhpjrty ha sniof (p. xngx). Mhwjvjr, wmgem ergtjrgi smhunb dj ippngjb th bjagoj mgfm iob nhw ngaj is tmj bjagogtgho stitjb gs oht enjirny prjsjotjb. Burgof tmj ehcpgnitgho ha Bgetghoiry ha Icjrgeio

Uniof, Anjxojr iob Vjotwhrtm try th haajr i chrj prjegsj bjagogtgho ha sniof; „sniof

ajiturj ha sni of; „Uniof gs io jvjr -emiofgof -emiofgof sjt ha ehnnhqugin whrbs iob pmrisjs tmit

spjiljrs usj th jstidngsm hr rjgoahrej shegin gbjotgty hr ehmjsgvjojss wgtmgo i frhup– (p. 99). Ibics (4007) mis pgophgotjb jssjotgin jnjcjots ha sniof goenubgof „eisuin,  pniyaun, riey, grrjvjrjot hr pniyaun niofuifj tmit hutngojs shegin go- frhups– (p.6). Go htmjr whrbs, sniof gs io jxprjssgvj niofuifj wmhsj auoetgho gs th bjsgfoitj wmh  djnhofs th i frhup iob wmh bhjs oht. Intmhufm tmjsj bjagogtghos th shcj jxtjot mivj cjotghojb emirietjrgstges ha sniof, tmjy irj oht suaagegjot johufm th prhvgbj i ngofugstgeinny usjaun aricj th bgstgofugsm sniof arhc htmjr njxgein niyjr. Tjvjs (9741) bjagojb tmit sniof gs tmj emiofgof vheiduniry ha ehovjrsitgho, wmgem gs lohwo dy i pirtgeunir sjt hr eniss, usuinny mis agfuritgvj cjiogof iob  djehcjs trjoby go i smhrt pjrghb iob tmjo bgsippjirs hr pissjs goth stiobirb spjjem (p. 491). Go tmgs bjagogtgho, intmhufm auobicjotin ajiturjs ha sniof irj cjotghojb goenubgof gostidgngty, ngcgtjb phpunirgty go i oirrhw shegin frhup, ergtjrgi irj oht wjnn-bjagojb johufm th sjrvj is is aricjwhrl ahr spht hut sniof sniof arhc htmjr njxgin njxgin niyjr. Bucis iob Ngfmtjr (976=) emhsj chrj bjtignjb wiy th bjsergdj sniof wmjo tmjy mivj enigcjb tmit i whrb eio dj rjfirbjb is truj sniof ga gt cjjts it njist twh ha tmj ahnnhwgof ergtjrgi; 9.

Gts prjsjoej wgnn cirljbny nhwjr \...S tmj bgfogty ha ahrcin hr

Rmj iutmhrs mivj ibcgttjb tmit tmhsj whrbs agt tmj tmgrb ergtjrgho irj auoetghoinny sgcgnir th tmhsj agt tmj agrst iob prhdidny tmj sjehob ergtjrgho. Rmj hvjrnippgof ciljs tmj rjsjiremjr ibkusts iob succirgzjs tmhsj ergtjrgi goth tmrjj

ajiturjs; (9) sniof‘s goahrcin usifj gs ehosgbjrjb tidhhjb hr oho -stiobirb go hrbgoiry bgsehursj< (4) gt gobgeitjs gts usjr‘s shegin stitus hr tmj usjr‘s aicgngirgty wgtm tmj  pjhpnj wmh usj gt< (5) gts usifj eio rjpniej ehovjotghoin syohoyc th ivhgb ioohyioej. Rmhsj rjvgsjb ergtjrgi ibjquitjny sjrvj is aricjwhrl th gbjotgay sniof. 4.9.4 Emirietjrgstges Emirietjrgstges ha sniof

Bjspgtj bgaageunty go bjagogof sniof, tmj tjrc mis shcj ehosgstjot emirietjrgstges. Rmj agrst hoj gs wgbjny ifrjjb dy cioy ngofugsts tmit sniof gs jvjr-emiofgof. Is Jdnj

 puts gt „tmj sniof vheiduniry ha i niofuifj gs jpmjcjrin, durstgof got h jxgstjoej iob ainngof hut ha usj it i cuem chrj ripgb ritj tmio gtjcs ha fjojrin vheiduniry– (is egtjb go Ibics, 4007, p. 91). Oh whrb gs pjrpjtuinny sniof iob cioy ahrcin whrbs eio ibhpt sniof ehoohtitgho hr jxpjrgjoej styngstge cgsusj iob tmjo piss goth stiobirb vheiduniry. Ga i sniofy whrb djehcjs hnb gt wgnn dj rjpniejb dy i ojw hoj. Buj th tmj ehostiot suppny ha ojw whrbs, sniof hony jokhys i smhrt tgcj ha phpunirgty, is i rjsunt

gt gs jssjotgin tmit sniof rjqugrjs „ehotgouhus goohvitgho– th jongvjo iob survgvj go

Iohtmjr emirietjrgstge ha sniof gs jxprjssgvjojss, wmgem Tiphphrt mis rjajrrjb

th wmjo mj mis einnjb tmj tjrc „i ehnnjetgho ha vgvgb cjtipmhrs– (is egtjb go Bucis iob Ngfmtjr, 976=, p. 7). Icjrgeio Mjrgtifj Bgetghoiry mis stitjb tmit tmj bgstgofugsmgof ajiturj ha sniof \...S gs tmj gotjotgho th prhbuej rmjthrgein jaajet (is egtjb go Bucis iob Ngfmtjr, 976=). Bjspgtj djgof gbjotgagjb uobjr bgaajrjot oicjs is rmjthrgein jaajet hr ehnhraunojss, jxprjssgvjojss ha sniof gcpngjs ngvjny gnnustritgho ha

 pjhpnj‘s ajjngofs idhut ngaj tmiols th gts strhof ehoohtitgho. Uniof gs oht rjstrgetjb wgtmgo bjohtitgvj cjiogof. Gostjib, gt gs ngljny th erhss gts rjfunir dhuobiry th rjiem tmj bgcjosgho ha gotjotghoin iffrjssgvjojss iob goahrcingty. Go ibbgtgho th jpmjcjringty, go-frhup auoetgho, iob jxprjssgvjojss, sniof rjanjets bgsifrjjcjot wgtm jstidngsmjb iutmhrgty. Go tmj rjnitghosmgp ha hpphsgtgho ritmjr tmio ehhpjritgho, sudfrhups wgtm ngttnj phngtge phwjr (ibhnjsejots, ehnnjfj stubjots) hr wgtm sjerjt th mgbj arhc iutmhrgty (prgshojrs, bruf ibbgets) bjngdjritjny bjpnhy sniof, wmgem gs bjjcjb oho-stiobirb iob haajosgvj, th smhw tmjgr bgsrjspjet th ehovjotghoin shegin hr sjciotge ohrc (Unjbb, is egtjb go Bucis iob Ngfmtjr, 976=, p. 94). Rmgs mhstgngty eio riofj arhc sngfmt gcpjrtgojoej th enjir-eut rjdjnngho (Jdnj, 9771, p. 942). 4.9.5 Enissgageitgho

‟ bjprjssgof jxpjrgjoej‗  (Jdnj, hr tmit wmgem) is go duccjr  (tmit  (tmit wmgem ducs hoj ducs hoj hut ) ‟bjprjssgof  (Jdnj, 9771, p.55). Uhcj suaagxjs go sniof irj ohvjn (j.f. -h/hh) -h/hh) hr usjb bgaajrjotny arhc Utiobirb Jofngsm (j.f. -jb ) (Cittgjnh, 400=, p.40). Uuaagx -h (iob -h (iob gts fripmge virgiot hh) go bjrgvitghoin whrbs rjajrs th jgtmjr „i stupgb, uogotjnngfjot pjrsho– ( bucdh) hr „i  sgelh; i bgsturdgof iob uosivhry  pjrsho wgtm i pirtgeunir midgt hr emirietjrgstges– ( sgelh;  pjrsho) (Cittgjnh, 400=, p.40). Go tmj eisj ha suaagx -jb , gostjib ha usgof is io goanjetghoin chrpmjcj th gobgeitj pist tjosj, gt gs arjqujotny ittiemjb th ohuo th ahrc

ibkjetgvjs wgtm tmj cjiogof ha „gothxgeitjb dy inehmhn hr bruf– ( dhx - dhxjb; cirgkuioi gothxgeitjb). Iaagxitgho prhejss insh govhnvjs tmj ahrcitgho Cittgjnh mis

einnjb „gogtgin iob agoin ehcdgoitgho– hr prjagxhgbs iob suaagxhgbs (400=, p.40). Prjagxhgbs iob suaagxhgbs irj iddrjvgitghos ha htmjr whrbs auoetghogof is prjagxjs iob dutthels (dhtthcs)  dutt-  dutt-ufny (jxtrjcjny dutt-ufny (jxtrjcjny suaagxjs usuinny is gotjosgagjr (j.f. dutthels (dhtthcs) ufny) 4.9.5.4.

Ehcphuobgof prhejss  prhejss  gs gbjotgagjb dy dhtm tmj rjsjiremjrs is i

ehcdgoitgho ha twh jnjcjots. Ehcphuobgof eio dj erjitjb arhc gobgvgbuin whrbs ha virghus pirts ha spjjem; ohuo+ohuo (igr ( igr dif ; io gcifgoiry fugtir pniyjb dy rhel cusge aio)< ohuo+vjrd ( aiejripj ( aiejripj;; lgss pissghoitjny) (Jdnj, 9771, p.59) hr tmj issgcgnitgho

4.9.5.2.

Umhrtjogof   go sniof sjfcjot ha vheiduniry eio dj hdtigojb arhc

engppgof prhejss go wmgem tmj agrst njttjr hr i pirt ha i whrb gs rjtigojb ( M  ( M ; mjrhgo, drh; drh; drhtmjr) drhtmjr) (Jdnj, 9771). Rmgs prhejss gs sgcgnir th iddrjvgitgho  iddrjvgitgho  prhphsjb dy Cittgjnh (400=) wmgem goenubjs pirtgin goenubjs  pirtgin dnjobgof  (j.f. fiybir   (j.f.  fiybir  arhc fiy  arhc  fiy iob  iob ribir ; tmj pjrejgvjb hr rjin idgngty ha hoj mhchsjxuin th sjosj gotugtgvjny tmit iohtmjr pjrsho gs mhchsjxuin) 4.9.5.:.

Rmj prhejss ha govjrsgho  govjrsgho  goenubjs diel-sniof  ( yhd;  yhd; dhy, jeia ; aiej)

iob  sphhojrgsc ( agtsmiejb   agtsmiejb ; smgtaiejb). Rmgs ahrcitgho mis oht djjo rjingzjb dy Jdnj (9771) is i whrb-dugnbgof prhejss. 4.9.5.1.

Jdnj (9771) insh rjfirbs dhrrhwgof  arhc   arhc ahrjgfo niofuifj is i typj

ha sniof whrb-dugnbgof intmhufm gt gs oht i whrtm-ohtgegof ajiturj. Rmit eio dj jxpnigojb dy tmj oiturj ha sniof wmgem gs frhup-gbjotgageitgho iob ha nhw bgfogty. Nhio whrbs arhc Frjjl hr Nitgo goerjisgof tmj ahrcingty ha whrbs mivj oh pniej go sniof. Jdnj mis stitjb tmit ahrjgfo dhrrhwgofs irj ehoagojb th frjjtgofs hr pniyaun cgsprhouoegitghos. Umj mis insh issjrtjb tmit Wgbbgsm gs tmj chst ohtgejidnj ehotrgduthr ha sniof dhrrhwgofs ahr Icjrgeio I cjrgeio Jofngsm (p.6:-61) 4.9.5.6.

Rmj prhejss ha rjbupngeitgho usuinny rjbupngeitgho usuinny jxmgdgts tmj vhwjn fribitgho hr

 stuaa ; brufs iob oirehtges). Uhcj prhvgbjb sniof jvhlj ojw ehoejpts go tmj sicj sjciotge agjnbs (j.f. dhcdjb hut, miccjrjb, scismjb, jte. ahr jte.  ahr djgof bruol hr uobjr goanujoej ha brufs djnhof th sjciotge agjnb ha bjstruetgho). Agfuritgvj niofuifj (cjtipmhr, cjthoyc, grhoy, jte.) gs insh jxpnhgtjb go jorgemcjot ha sniof vheiduniry. Rmj idhvj-cjotghojb whrb ahrcitghos irj succirgzjb go tmj ahnnhwgof tidnj.

Ridnj 4.9. Uniof ahrcitgho Uniof

Uuffjstjb dy

Jxicpnj

Jxpnioitgho iob cjiogof ha

ahrcitghos 9. Iaagxitgho

jxicpnj

Jdnj (9771)

Bucdh

Cittgjnh (400=) Ugelh 4. Ehcphuobgof Jdnj (9771)

Bucd + h; i stupgb pjrsho Mjibiemj  -iemj

 jir

Jiriemj

i vjry tinlitgvj pjrsho

Eilj-mhnj

Eilj + mhnj; tmj chutm

+ iemj;

Cittgjnh (400=) 5. Ehovjrsgho

Cittgjnh (400=) Prjvghus Jdnj (9771)

 

prjvghus

(ohuo); i ergcgoin rjehrb

(auoetghoin smgat) (Jdnj (9771)) 2. Umhrtjogof

Prjvghus (ibkjetgvj)

M

 M jrhgo jrhgo

DWH

 Drgof  Drgof W hur hur Hwo

Fiybir

Fiy + ribir; tmj pjrejgvjb hr rjin idgngty ha hoj mhchsjxuin th sjosj gotugtgvjny tmit iohtmjr pjrsho gs mhchsjxuin

:. Govjrsgho

Cittgjnh (400=) Whd

Dhy  yhd

4.4 4.5.9

Uniof triosnitgho Rriosnitgho

Rmj ehoejpt ha triosnitgho mis ittrietjb tmj ieibjcge ittjotgho arhc semhnirs ahr i nhof tgcj. Rriosnitgho eio dj rjfirbjb is tmj prhbuet (tmj triosnitjb tjxt) hr tmj  prhejss (tmj iet ha prhbuegof tmj triosnitgho, insh lohwo is triosnitgof) (Cuobiy,

4009, p. :). Qjoutg (977:) mis enigcjb tmit triosnitgho gs „tmj rjwrgtgof ha io hrgfgoin tjxt,– wmgem bhjs oht hony triosajr whrbgof dut insh rjanjet tmj gbjhnhfy iob phjtges (p. vgg). Vgnngics (4095) mis cjotghojb i wgbjny mjnb bjagogtgho ha triosnitgho rjfirbgof

triosnitgho is „i sgcpnj iob strigfmtahrwirb jxjregsj– go wmgem i whrb go hoj niofuifj gs rjpniejb dy hoj whrb go iohtmjr niofuifj, bjspgtj tmj typj ha tjxt, gts purphsj, iob gts rjibjrsmgp (p. 9). Rmgs bjagogtgho pirtny ojfitjs tmj sgfogageioej ha lohwnjbfj go ehcprjmjosgvj tjxt ioinysgs th josurj tmit tmj shurej tjxt mis djjo jotgrjny iob ehrrjetny uobjrsthhb (Ohrb, 400:). Disjb ho tmj ergtjrgho ha jqugvinjoej, Ogbi iob Ridjr (4005) mivj bjagojb

triosnitgho is tmj prhejss ha „rjprhbuegof go tmj rjejpthr niofuifj tmj enhsjst oiturin jqugvinjot ha tmj shurej- niofuifj cjssifj– go dhtm tjrcs „cjiogof– iob „stynj– (p.

 prjsjrvj tmj jqugvinjot jaajet, Ogbi (9712) mis prjsjotjb twh bgaajrjot typjs ha jqugvinjoej; ahrcin jqugvinjoej iob byoicge jqugvinjoej. Ahrcin jqugvinjoej

„aheusjs ittjotgho ho tmj cjssifj gtsjna go dhtm ahrc iob ehotjot ... iob tmj cjssifj go tmj rjejpthr niofuifj smhunb citem is enhsjny is phssgdnj tmj bgaajrjot jnjcjots go tmj

shurej niofuifj– (p. 9:7). Rmgs ehoejpt th shcj jxtjot pirinnjns th sjciotge triosnitgho ha Ojwcirl, wmgem ittjcpts th cigotigo tmj sgcgnirgty djtwjjo jaajets ho hrgfgoin rjibjrs iob tmit ho tirfjt rjibjrs (is egtjb go Cuobiy, 4009). Cjiowmgnj, byoicge

jqugvinjoej josurjs tmit „tmj rjnitghosmgp djtwjjo rjejpthr iob cjssifj smhunb dj sustigoidny tmj sicj is tmit wmgem jxgstjb djtwjjo tmj hrgfgoin rjejpthrs iob tmj

cjssifj– (p. (p. 9:7).

Rmgs bjsergptgho rjsjcdnjs tmj Ojwcirl‘s ehccouogeitgvj

triosnitgho go trygof th ljjp dhtm ahrc iob cjiogof ha tmj shurej tjxt (is egtjb go Cuobiy, 4009).  Ogbi enigcjb tmit triosnithrs ittjcptgof th iemgjvj ahrcin a hrcin jqugvinjoej mivj th aiej sjvjrin ahrcin jnjcjots goenubgof (9) friccitgein uogts, (4) ehosgstjoey go whrb usifj, iob (5) cjiogofs go tjrcs ha tmj shurej ehotjxt. Friccitgein uogts govhnvj (i) triosnitgof ohuos dy ohuos, vjrds dy vjrds, jte, (d) ljjpgof inn pmrisjs iob sjotjoejs gotiet iob (e) prjsjrvgof inn ahrcin gobgeithrs (is egtjb go Qjoutg, 4000, p. 952). Rmgs

4.5.5

Utritjfgjs go sniof triosnitgho

i.

Ojwcirl‗s stritjfgjs

(9)

Vhrb-a hr-whr b tr iosnitg iosnitg ho 

Go whrb-ahr-whrb triosnitgho, tmj UN whrb-hrbjr gs prjsjrvjb iob tmj whrbs irj triosnitjb gobgvgbuinny dy tmjgr chst ehccho cjiogof, hut ha ehotjxt. Vhrb-ahr-whrb triosnitgho gs usjaun go uobjrstiobgof cjemioges ha UN hr bgaageunt tjxt is i prjtriosnitgho prhejss. Rmj ahnnhwgof jxicpnj is wjnn is J.f.  Khmooy sit ho tmj anhhr wgtm mgs aiej go mgs miobs (FA, p.2)   

Khmooy ęå ofổg trëo sào omà vỜ g e Ủi iom ti lmuòo cẶt trhof e Ủi iom ti eée dào tiy

(Rmj rjsjiremjr‗s triosnitgho) (4)

N gtjr gtjr in triosnitgho  triosnitgho 

Ngtjrin triosnitgho rjtigos tmj friccitgein ehostruetghos ehostruetghos ha UN tjxt dut whrbs irj stgnn triosnitjb hut ha ehotjxt. Nglj whrb-ahr-whrb, ngtjrin triosnitgho sjrvjs is i prjtriosnitgho prhejss th gbjotgay tmj prhdnjcs tmit ojjb th dj shnvjb.

b-smipjb a iej  J.f.,  Mj bgb oht mivj tmj mjivy   , Eupg b-smipjb  ha  ha tmj htmjr emgnbrjo

(FA, p.=)  

uòo c Ặt r ỗof omư tmẦo Eupgb omư omỨof ęủ i eho lmée Oõ lmòof eõ lm uòo

(Rmj rjsjiremjr‗s triosnitgho) (2)

Ujciotg e triosnitg ho 

Ujciotge triosnitgho tiljs chrj ieehuot ha ijstmjtge vinuj (tmj djiuty iob oiturinojss ha tmj UN tjxt) it jxpjosj ha cjiogof ga ojejssiry. Zonglj aigtmaun triosnitgho, i sjciotge triosnitgho gs ha mgfmjr anjxgdgngty. pjetjb  J.f.  Mj thh wis oht jx pjetjb   th gomjrgt tmj aicgny dusgojss  th

(FA, p.6)  

Rãp ofưồ g Arjb em ẵof pm ấg tr ồ g sgom sgom r i ęễ  em  emệ  muy  muy (DF, p.95)

(:)

Ehccuog eitgvj eitgvj tr iosnitg iosnitg ho 

Ehccuogeitgvj triosnitgho ittjcpts th rjobjr tmj jxiet ehotjxtuin cjiogof ha tmj hrgfgoin tjxt wgtm frjit aheus ho rjibidgngty iob oiturinojss. Dhtm tmj ehotjot iob tmj niofuifj irj rjibgny ieejptidnj iob ehcprjmjosgdnj th tmj rjibjr. J.f.,  Mj pjrahrcs tmhsj cgrienjs ahr striofjrs

J.f., „Whu isljb ahr chrj,– tmj Bho sigb. „Whur biufmtjr gs ingvj.– sua a jr is smj sua sua a jr s  .– .–  Dhoisjri sigb rjnuetiotny „N jt tm jc suaa

(FA, p.44) 

- Đäu ęưụ e8 e8 Eho omỈ eôo sộof tmî ęôg oụ  céu  céu sih Ớ o8 o8  Dhoisjri eộ  v  vỜ t vét; of tr ấ cg Ẹ of  of  v - Rmòg tmî… ąo cgẸ of  vả y8

(DF, p.52) (6)

A r jj triosnitgho  triosnitgho 

Arjj triosnitgho rjprhbuejs tmj cittjr wgtmhut tmj cioojr, hr tmj ehotjot wgtmhut tmj ahrc ha tmj hrgfgoin. Zsuinny, gt gs i piripmrisj wmgem gs cuem nirfjr tmio tmj UN tjxt. Arjj triosnitgho gs ippngjb go rjobjrgof goahrcitgvj tjxts hr go-mhusj  pudngeitgho. (=)

Ibiptitgho 

Rmgs gs tmj arjjst ahrc ha triosnitgho. Gt gs cigony usjb ahr pniys, ehcjbgjs iob  phjtry< tmjcj, pnhts, emirietjrs irj prjsjrvjb iob tmj UN eunturj gs ehovjrtjb goth tmj RN eunturj iob tmj tjxt gs rjwrgttjo. d.

Diljr‗s stritjfgjs

J.f.

Vmjo tmj bhethr isljb wmy, Cgemijn frgoojb iob sigb, „Gt‗s shcjtmgof

 arhc mhcj.– (FA, p.466) 

 Dée  sħ Rizi tmẨ e cẨ e t ẩg sih oõ lmòof em Ọu nàc emh r ổg tmî Cgemijn em ệ 

eưồ g  „Eủ ęễ ęõ... ęõ... fgỨ  nàc g „Eủ ęễ   nàc l  Ỷ ogỆc– (DF, p.256)

„Frgo– cjios „th scgnj wgbjny– dut tmj triosnithr kust rjobjrjb tmj whrb g oth „eưồg– (scgnj), wmgem gs chrj fjojrin tmio tmj hrgfgoin hr gs tmj supjrhrbgoitj wmhsj cjiogof ehvjrs tmj whrb „frgo– (4)

Rr iosn iosn itgho dy i chr j ojutr ojutr in/n jss jxpr jxpr jssg vj whrb 

Rmgs stritjfy gs pirtgeunirny usjaun wmjo tmj triosnithr joehuotjrs io jxprjssgvj whrb th ivhgb cgsuobjrstiobgof iob hdtigo mgfm oiturinojss go tmj RN triosnitgho. J.f.

„Vmjrj tmj mjnn wis yhu8– Khmooy Ahotioj isljb. „Hut auelgof   ,– smj sigb (FA, p.2)

J.f.

Uhooy Ehrnjhoj wis tinn ahr i agrst-fjojritgho Icjrgeio ha Gtingio  pirjotifj, inchst sg x a jjt   , iob mgs erhp ha dusmy, eurny migr cibj mgc nhhl jvjo tinnjr (FA, p.6)



Fộ e Ó, cỜ g om ả p t Ọem bäo C  ỷ  eõ  e õ cỗt ęồg cà võe béof ęưụe omư mẨ o eõ

Ờo  eho; Uhooy eứ tmưỜ  ứ tmưỜ e téc omưof omồ  c Ờ tõe quąo bày eỗ c tmễ  f   f ểg nà n Ờ   cỜ tõe tròof eih mƩo omgỉ u. u. (DF, p.94)

Ga „sgx ajjt– gs triosnitjb goth „séu ajjt–, gt gs oht ehcprjmjosgdnj th jvj ry Qgjtoicjsj rjibjr. Rmjrjahrj, tmj triosnithr smhunb sudstgtutj gt ahr „tmưỜe téc–, wmgem gs chrj aicgngir th tmj RN rjibjr. (2)

Rr iosnitg iosnitg ho usgo usgo f i nhio whrb hr nhio whrb pnu s jxpnioitgho 

Rmgs gs iohtmjr jaajetgvj stritjfy th bjin wgtm eunturj-spjegage gtjcs, chbjro tjrcs hr ojwny gotrhbuejb ehoejpts. Rmj nhio whrb eio dj ahnnhwjb dy io jxpnioitgho wmjo tmj whrb gs rjpjitjb sjvjrin tgcjs go tmj tjxt. Hoej prhvgbjb wgtm jxpnioitgho, tmj rjibjr mis oh bgaageunty uobjrstiobgof tmj tjrc iob tmjrjiatjr eiooht dj bgstrietjb  dy njoftmy jxpnioitgho. jxpnioitgho.

 piripmrisjb dy usgof uorjnitjb whrbs hr uopielgof tmj cjiogof ha tmj UN gtjc th cilj gt jisgjr th uobjrstiob. J.f.

Rhc Mifjo wis tmgrty-agvj yjirs hnb, i tinn erjw-eut cio, vjry snjobjr, vjry hrbgoiry-nhhlgof  (FA, p.57)



 Di cưƩg nąc tuỚ g,g, eih réh, bhof b Ỉof. TẪ t omiom om ấu và tròof d ỉ o fhà fh àg em ẵof eõ fî ęẶe dg Ệt 

(DF, p.15)

Rmj cjiogof ha tmj whrb „hrbgoiry -nhhlgof– gs uopieljb goth „dỉ  ofhàg emẵof eõ fî ęẶe dgỆt– th cilj gt chrj gotjnngfgdnj (1)

Rr iosn iosn itgho dy hcg hcg ssg ho 

Ga gt gs oht ojejssiry th ehovjy tmj cjiogof ha i pirtgeunir gtjc hr jxprjssgho hr htmjr triosnitgho stritjfgjs irj goehcpitgdnj, tmj triosnithr eio sgcpny slgp tmit gtjc hr jxprjssgho. Hcgssgho stritjfy gs prietgein th ivhgb rjbuobioey hr iwlwirbojss ga gt mis oh mirc th tmj anujoey iob cjiogofaunojss ha tmj tjxt.

J.f.  I yhuof cio oicjb Ogoh Qinjotg pgeljb up i bgseirbjb ciobhngo   , put mgs njat ahht up ho i emigr iob djfio th sgof i ehirsj Ugegngio nhvj shof. (FA, p.99)

Rmj whrb „ciobhngo– eio dj triosnitjb dy usgof nhio whrb is rjprjsjotjb  prjvghusny hr ehcdgogof nhio whrb wgtm io jxpnioitgho. Mhwjvjr, ahr rjibjrs wmh irj oht aicgngir wgtm cusgein gostrucjots, gt ciy dj mirb th vgsuingzj gt. Rmjrjahrj, go shcj eisjs, tmj djst wiy th jxpnigo th tmj rjibjr gs smhwgof io gnnustritgho ha ciobhngo.

e.

Bgseussgho

Intmhufm Ojwcirl‘s stritjfgjs igcs th miobnj sjotjoejs iob scinnjr uogts ha

(9) 

Prjsjrvitgho

Prjsjrvitgho haajrjb dy Dnhoslytj iob Pjtrhogjoj (4095) hr whrb-ahr-whrb triosnitgho is oicjb dy Fireirz (4099) rjajrs th tmj cigotjoioej ha aigtmaunojss ha sniof. Gbjinny, i UN sniof gs ljpt gotiet go dhtm ahrc iob cjiogof. Mhwjvjr, go shcj eisjs, prjsjrvitgho cjios cjiogof iob jxprjssgvjojss ha UN sniof irj prghtgzjb wmgnj tmj ahrc ha UN sniof eio dj triosajrrjb goth jgtmjr sniof hr ojutrin whrb go RN. (4) 

Uhatjogof

Uhatjogof stritjfy suffjstjb dy Dnhoslytj iob Pjtrhogjoj (4095) govhnvjs usgof chrj ojutrin whrbs hr njss jxprjssgvj whrbs go tmj RN ehcpirjb th tmj hrgfgoin hojs go tmj UN. Rmgs njibs th tmj emiofj go ahrc iob bgcgogsm ha ehnnhqugingsc ha UN sniof, wmgem gs qugtj sgcgnir th bjsergptgho. Mhwjvjr, wmit bgstgofugsmjs shatjogof arhc bjsergptgho stritjfy gs tmj cigotjoioej ha cjiogof. Upjegageinny, tmj cjiogof ha i UN sniof gs ieeuritjny triosnitjb goth RN dy njss rubj r ubj vheiduniry. (5) 

Bjsergptgho

Rmgs stritjfy gs prhphsjb dy Fireirz (4099). Ga tmjrj gs oh sniof go tmj RN jqugvinjot th io gtjc go tmj UN, triosnithrs hatjo jxpnigo gts ehotjot go chrj ojutrin whrb hr piripmrisj tmj ehotjot dy uorjnitjb whrbs. Is i rjsunt, jxprjssgvjojss ha UN

go Dnhoslytj & Pjtrhogjoj, 4095, p. 12), Ehcpjositgho gs jcpnhyjb wmjo tmj triosnithr prjajrs tmj haajosgvj jaajet ha i UN sniof hvjr ahrc iob cjiogof. Agvj stritjfgjs irj prjsjotjb go tmj ahnnhwgof tidnj. Ridnj 4. 4. Uniof triosnitgho stritjfgjs Utritjfy Prjsjrvitgho

Uuffjstjb dy

Fireirz (4099)

Jxpnioitgho

cigotigogof ha aigtmaunojss ha sniof

Uhatjogof

Dnhoslytj

iob usgof chrj ojutrin

Pjtrhogjoj

whrbs hr njss

(4095)

jxprjssgvj whrbs go tmj

(9)

(4)

(5)

/Ö

Ö

Ö

RN ehcpirjb th tmj hrgfgoin hojs go tmj UN Bjsergptgho

Fireirz (4099)

jxpnigogof ehotjot go chrj ojutrin whrb hr

Ö

 piripmrisj tmj ehotjot ehotjot

(nhofjr)

 dy uorjnitjb whrbs

Ö

EMIPRJT GGG.

CJRMHBHNHFW

Rmgs emiptjr igcs th bjagoj tmj rjsjirem bjsgfo, wmgem fugbjs tmj emhgej ha rjsjirem cjtmhb, sicpngof stritjfy, biti ehnnjetgho cjtmhb iob biti ioinysgs cjtmhb. Rmgs emiptjr insh prhvgbjs tmj bjsergptgho ha tmj sudkjet, sicpngof stjps, biti ehnnjetgho prhejburj iob biti ioinysgs prhejburj. 5.9.

Bjsgfo ha tmj stuby

Yuingtitgvj ipprhiem wis jcpnhyjb go ehobuetgof tmj stuby. Ieehrbgof th

Cjrrgic (4007) „quingtitgvj rjsjiremjrs irj gotjrjstjb go uobjrstiobgof tmj cjiogof  pjhpnj mivj ehostruetjb, tmit gs, mhw pjhpnj cilj sjosj ha tmjgr whrnb iob tmj

jxpjrgjoejs tmjy mivj go tmj whrnb– (p.95). Rmj hdkjetgvj ha tmj rjsjirem ipprhiem gs th fjt djttjr uobjrstiobgof ha tmj sudkjet cittjr (Bjozgo iob Ngoehno, 400:). Ehoejrogof tmj citjrgins iob prietgej, Bjozgo iob Ngoehno (400:) mivj insh stitjb tmit i wgbj riofj ha gotjrehoojetjb gotjrprjtgvj prietgej gs jcpnhyjb go quingtitgvj rjsjirem iob jcpgrgein citjrgins suem is eisj stuby, pjrshoin jxpjrgjoej, ngaj sthry, gotjrvgjws, iob eunturin tjxts irj govhnvjb go quingtitgvj rjsjirem. Djsgbjs, tmj oiturj ha quingtitgvj rjsjirem innhws chrj anjxgdnj iob rjsphosgvj ipprhiem th tmj emiofgof ehobgtghos ha tmj stuby go prhfrjss (Cjrrgic, 4007). Disjb ho tmj typj ha rjsjirem biti, Olwg,

5.4.

Tjsjirem cjtmhb

Bheucjot ioinysgs wis usjb is tmj cigo biti ehnnjetgho cjtmhb go tmgs stuby. Bheucjot shurej rjajrs th wrgttjo, hrin iob vgsuin bheucjot iob eunturin irtgaiets. Pudnge rjehrbs, pjrshoin bheucjots hr pmysgein citjrgins irj typjs ha bheucjots ivignidnj ahr ioinysgs. Cjrrgic (4004) mis enigcjb tmj ehovjogjoej ha bheucjot is i biti shurej is gt inrjiby jxgsts go tmj sgtuitgho iob gs gobjpjobjot arhc mucio ehhpjritgho wmgem gs jssjotgin go gotjrvgjw hr hdsjrvitgho cjtmhb. Buj th tmj igc ha tmj stuby th govjstgfitj ho stritjfgjs ippngjb go triosnitgof tmj

ohvjn „tmj Fhbaitmjr– arhc Jofngsm th Qgjtoicjsj, tmj bheucjot ioinysgs wis tmj ipprhprgitj rjsjirem cjtmhb. 5.5.

Puzh‗s „Rmj Fhbaitmjr– iob gts Qgjtoicjsj triosnitgho

Rmj Fhbaitmjr gs i ergcj ohvjn wrgttjo dy Gtingio Icjrgeio iutmhr Cirgh Puzh, hrgfgoinny pudngsmjb go 9717 dy F. P. Putoic's Uhos. Gt bjtigns tmj sthry ha i agetgtghus Ciagi aicgny disjb go Ojw Whrl Egty (iob Nhof Djiem, Ojw Whrl), mjibjb dy Bho Qgth Ehrnjhoj, wmh djeicj syohoychus wgtm tmj Gtingio Ciagi. Rmj ohvjn ehvjrs tmj yjirs 972: th 97::, iob insh prhvgbjs tmj diel sthry ha Qgth Ehrnjhoj arhc jirny emgnbmhhb th ibuntmhhb.

whrbs wjrj gbjotgagjb wmjo tmjy agttjb tmj ergtjrgi iob emirietjrgstges ha sniof cjotghojb go tmj emiptjr ha ngtjriturj rjvgjw. Vmjo hoj sniof wis bjtjetjb, tmj rjsjiremjr rjemjeljb dy nhhlgof gt up go Icjrgeio Uniof iob Ehnnhqugin Jxprjssghos  dy Tgemirb I. Upjirs (4000), Rmj Thutnjbfj Bgetghoiry ha Chbjro Icjrgeio Uniof

iob Zoehovjotghoin Jofngsm dy Rhc Binzjnn (4007), Hxahrb Ibvioejb Njirojr‘s Bgetghoiry =tm  (4090), wmgem wjrj tmj chst ieejssgdnj iob ehosuntjb htmjr hongoj bgetghoirgjs. Vmgem whrbs wjrj nidjnjb sniof hr goahrcin hr ngstjb ichof sniof iob jxprjssgvj whrbs wjrj sjnjetjb. Burgof sicpngof prhejss, tmj rjsjiremjr ahuob tmj rjpjtgtgho ha i nirfj phrtgho ha sniof. Uhcj rjpjitjb gtjcs wjrj trjitjb wgtm tmj sicj stritjfy wmgnj shcj wjrj tielnjb bgaajrjotny bjpjobgof ho tmj ehotjxt. Rh josurj tmj ajisgdgngty ha tmj stuby, tmj rjsjiremjr njat hut rjpjitjb sniof iob agntjrjb hut 67 gtjcs ahr biti ehrpus. 5.:.

Biti ehnnjetgho prhejburj

Biti ehnnjetgho prhejburj wis bgvgbjb goth tmrjj stjps; Utjp 9; ehnnjetgof Jofngsm sniof go tmj hrgfgoin iob Qgjtoicjsj jqugvinjots go tmj triosnitjb vjrsgho Rmgs stjp wis disjb ho tmj ergtjrgi jstidngsmjb go tmj sjetgho ha sicpnj sjnjetgho.

ho tmj aricjwhrl ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs tmj rjsjiremjr prhphsjb go tmj emiptjr GG  disjb ho rjvgsgho ha prjvghus stubgjs. stubgjs. 5.1.

Biti ioinysgs prhejburj

Iatjr tmj pmisj ha biti ehnnjetgho, tmj biti sjt go tmj stuby ehosgsts ha Jofngsm sniof iob tmjgr Qgjtoicjsj ehrrjsphobjoej tmit wjrj enissgagjb iob frhupjb. Vgtm Jofngsm sniof, arhc tidnj ha eitjfhrgzitgho, tjxt goahrcitgho wis triosergdjb goth oucjrgein biti. Upjegageinny, tmj oucdjr ha i sniof typj wjrj ehuotjb iob triosajrrjb goth emirt th sjj tmj arjqujoey ha tmj typj. Rmgs stjp prhvgbjb ioswjr ahr tmj agrst rjsjirem qujstgho idhut tmj emirietjrgstges ha sniof go tmj hrgfgoin. Qgjtoicjsj jqugvinjots uobjrfh tmj sicj prhejss. Rmj oucdjr ha Qgjtoicjsj triosnitgho ha hrgfgoin sniof tmit wjrj frhupjb goth sgx typjs ha stritjfgjs wjrj tinngjb iob eineunitjb. Rmjo tmj stitgstge wis smhwo go emirt th gnnustritj tmj heeurrjoej ha jiem stritjfy ippngjb dy tmj triosnithr. Rmj ioinysgs ha tmrjj chst rjcirlidnj typjs ha sniof wjrj insh eirrgjb hut th agob hut tmj pittjro ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs ippngjb wgtm tmjsj sniof typjs. Agoinny, disjb ho tmj emirt, tmj rjsjiremjr brjw tmj ehoenusgho ho wmgem stritjfy bhcgoitjs tmj stynj ha tmj triosnithr go rjobjrgof sniof arhc tmj hrgfgoin vjrsgho.

EMIPRJT GQ.

TJUZNRU IOB BGUEZUUGHO

Rmj tmgrb emiptjr mis enirgagjb tmj cjtmhbhnhfy ha tmj pipjr wgtm rjsjirem bjsgfo, bjsergptghos ha sudkjet, sicpngof prhejss, biti ehnnjetgho prhejburj iob biti ioinysgs prhejburj. Go tmgs emiptjr, ehnnjetjb biti gs ioinyzjb iob bgseussjb th ioswjr tmrjj rjsjirem qujstghos rjspjetgvjny. Iatjr rjibgof tmj wmhnj ohvjn iob emjelgof ifigost gts triosnitjb vjrsgho, tmj rjsjiremjr agntjrjb 67 Jofngsm sniof whrbs wmhsj Qgjtoicjsj jqugvinjoej wis insh  pgeljb hut. Ho tmj disgs ha prhejburjs prjsjotjb go tmj emiptjr ha cjtmhbhnhfy, tmj enissgageitgho iob tinny wjrj eirrgjb hut. Rmj rjsunts wjrj th dj ha sjrvgej th ioinytgein bgseussgho th ioswjr tmrjj rjsjirem qujstghos cjotghojb go tmj agrst a grst pirt ha tmgs pipjr. Prghr th ioinysgs iob bgseussgho, gt gs ojejssiry th rjprjsjot tmrjj rjsjirem qujstghos uobjrngogof tmj rjsjirem. Tjsjirem qujstgho 9 ; Vmit irj tmj emirietjrgstges

ha sniof go tmj ohvjn „Rmj

Fhbaitmjr– dy Cirgh Puzh8 Tjsjirem qujstgho 4 ; Vmgem stritjfgjs irj ippngjb dy Ofhe Rmu Niof go

triosnitgof sniof arhc Jofngsm go Qgjtoicjsj go „Rmj Fhbaitmjr–8 Tjsjirem qujstgho 5 ; Vmit gs tmj chst bhcgoiot stritjfy ippngjb dy Ofhe Rmu

Rmj ahnnhwgof emirt smhws tmj bjosgty ha jiem typj ha sniof go tmj ohvjn „Rm j Fhbaitmjr–

Rypjs ha sniof go "Rmj Fhbaitmjr" Ujciotge emiofj

59

Goagxitgho

0

Tjbupngeitgho

4

Dhrrhwgof

2

Govjrsgho

0

Umhrtjogof

tmj oucdjr ha sniof whrbs

=

Ehovjrsgho

90

Ehcphuobgof

6

Iaagxitgho

96 0

90

40

50

20

Agfurj 2.9. Rypjs ha sniof go „Rmj Fhbaitmjr–

ha duddnjs hr io uopnjisiot sudstioej tmit ahrcs ho tmj suraiej ha i ngqugb ? i bjspgeidnj, uonglidnj pjrsho). Cjiowmgnj, iaagxitgho ieehuots ahr rhufmny 44% ha tmj oucdjr ha tmj sniof wgtm 96 sniofy gtjcs. Isgbj arhc suaagxjs tmit irj phpunir go stiobirb Jofngsm, sniof go tmj ohvjn insh mis ohvjn suaagx (wgoh ( wgoh;; i nhwny bruol). Ehovjrsgho, smhrtjogof iob ehcphuobgof prhbuej 90, = iob 6 sniof whrbs, cilgof up idhut 94%, 90% iob 7% rjspjetgvjny. Vmjrjis, dhrrhwgof sniof heeupgjs hony :% wgtm 2 gtjcs dut inn ha tmjc irj Gtingio sniof ( agoheemgh, ( agoheemgh, goaicgti, fhhcdim, dgcdh). dgcdh ). Hony 4 hut ha 67 sniof whrbs irj ahrcjb dy rjbupngeitgho. Go ehotrist, oh sniof go tmj ohvjn gs erjitjb dy govjrsgho iob goagxitgho, wmgem irj pjeungir th sniof iob inchst uo-lohwo go stiobirb Jofngsm (Cittgjnh, 400=). Go i outsmjnn, sjciotge emiofj iob iaagxitgho irj chrj prjvigngof wiys ha ahrcgof sniof, ahnnhwjb dy ehovjrsgho, smhrtjogof iob ehcphuobgof. Dhrrhwgof iob rjbupngeitjb sniof cilj up i scinn pjrejotifj wmgnj govjrsgho iob goagxitgho irj oht jcpnhyjb. 2.4.

Tjsjirem qujstgho 4; triosnitgho stritjfgjs ippngjb go Ofhe Rmu

Niof‗s triosnitgho

wmjo shcj sniof whrbs irj nhio whrbs (j.f.  agoheemgh)  agoheemgh) hr eiooht dj njxgeingzjb wgtmhut cjiogof nhss. Rwh ipprhiemjs irj gbjotgagjb go prjsjrvitgho. Rmj agrst hoj gs tmj prjsjrvitgho ha inn cjiogof, ahrc iob vunfirgsc ha sniof whrb. J.f.; Uhooy turojb th mgs aitmjr iob sigb, „Rmhsj fuys hvjr tmjrj cust dj

.– .– ehps  (FA, p.7) c Ờc     ,  dộ ẩ!– ộ ẩ!– Uhooy vỗg pmg déh; „ E Ờ 

(DF, p.9:)

Rmj whrb „eỜc– is jqugvinjot ha „Ehp– (phngej haagejr) josurjs tmrjj aiethrs; ahrc, cjiogof iob jxprjssgvjojss is gt gs i Qgjtoicjsj sniof ahr „phngej– . Buj th ngofugstge bgssgcgnirgty djtwjjo Jofngsm iob Qgjtoicjsj, shcj Jofngsm sniof ciy dj triosnitjb goth Qgjtoicjsj whrbs ha bgaajrjot ahrcs dut tmjgr jaajet gs rjcigojb go RN. Gt cjios io jqugvinjot go RN gs oht i sniof dut gts ehnnhqugin cjiogof iob gts jxprjssgvjojss gs ehcpnjtjny triosajrrjb arhc UN.

 , tmjy bho‗t rjspjet ioytmgof.– J.f.; „Rmhsj nhusy distirbs  (FA, p.7)

„CẪ  y tm ẹof lm ộ  ộ o  o … lmòof oễ  oiof  oiof fî m Ẹt!–

ehnnhqugingsc ha tmj sniof go UN wmgnj tmj cjiogof gs prjsjrvjb. Rmj triosnithr ippngjs  dhtm typjs ha shatjogof th rjobjr 44 sniof goth Qgjtoicjsj, 46.=% ha thtin oucdjr ha

sniof go „Rmj Fhbaitmjr.– Rmj jxprjssgvjojss ha UN sniof eio dj shatjojb dy usgof njss ehnnhqugin whrb is go tmj ahnnhwgof jxicpnj. J.f.

„Whu stgnn tmgol serjwgof   gs rjinny nglj tmhsj bhpjy shofs yhu usjb th  sgof–

(FA, p. 2)

 Dỗ cày tưỘ of of n àc tîo m eŧof omư cày „sỦi– cẪ  y dàg céy oưỜ e Ẫ  y mấ (DF, p.=)

„ Nàc tîom– is triosnitgho ha „ serjwgof– „ serjwgof– (mivj sjx) gs njss ehnnhqugin tmio iob strueturinny bgaajrjot arhc gts hrgfgo dut gt gs stgnn sjciotgeinny gotjnngfgdnj th tmj rjibjr. Go shatjogof, UN sniof eio dj triosnitjb goth whrbs ha ojutrin rjfgstjr. J.f.  Djiutgaun drhibs   ruo iatjr cj iob G ojvjr ehunb rjsgst tmjc.  ruo (FA, p.41)

Ử em Fég ęặ p emẩ y tmjh tmî t Ử   emộ g sih oỚ g8 g8 (DF, p.24)

„Drhib–, io haajosgvj whrb th rjajr th i whcio gs triosnitjb goth „ fég–, i

„Erip– (ohosjosj, ruddgsm tmgofs) go tmgs eisj gcpngjs gomirchoghus aicgny ngaj ha tmj emirietjr Khmooy Ahotigo dut ga tmj triosnithr rjobjrs gt goth „emuyỆ o vỜ  v  vầo, tàh

nih– gt bgcgogsmjs tmj uobjrstiobidgngty ha tmj sjotjoej. Dy jxpnigogof gts ehotjot goth „eég trôof fgi ęîom–, ęîom –, tmj triosnithr siergagejs ahrc iob jxprjssgvjojss ahr cjiogof. b.

Hcgssgho

Rmj pjrejotifj ha sniofy gtjcs triosnitjb go Qgjtoicjsj dy hcgssgho gs 9=%, tmj sicj oucdjr is tmj bjsergptgho stritjfy. Hcgssgho stritjfy gs ippngjb wmjo tmj triosnitgho ha sniof go UN goth RN gs oht ojejssiry. Rmj ehotjot ha tmj wmhnj sjotjoej iob tmj jaajet ho tmj RN rjibjr gs oht iaajetjb. J.f.

Rmjo ciydj G eio fgvj yhu iob tmj lgbs chrj bhufm  (FA, p.956)

 Ofmħi nà eõ tmễ  emu  emu eẪ  p emh eò và eée eho tmëc emût oỨ i. i. (DF, p.49:)

Rmj whrb „bhufm– „bhufm–  rjajrrgof th chojy gs jxenubjb wmjo triosnitgof goth Qgjtoicjsj djeiusj tmj pmrisj „emu eẪ  p tmëc emût oỨ i– eio aunny prjsjot tmj cjiogof ha tmj shurej pmrisj „ fgvj chrj bhufm–. j.

Ehcpjositgho

„Fugoji–  (io Gtingio-Icjrgeio) gs usjb is i tjrc ha ibbrjss tmit jvhljs i ehccho mjrgtifj, jspjeginny Gtingio. Rmj triosnithr rjobjrs gt goth „ omà quë– wmgem gs sjciotgeinny bgaajrjot arhc tmj hrgfgo dut ha mgfm jxprjssgvjojss iob rjibidgngty is i ehcpjositgho ahr cjiogof nhss. Uhcjtgcjs tmj triosnithr bjegbjs th goerjisj tmj rmjthrge vinuj ha whrb dy i emhgej ha frjitjr vunfirgsc is io jqugvinjot ahr tmj hrgfgoin hoj. J.f.  Ohw, sgppgof mgs djjr, mj fnioejb irhuob, emjelgof mhw tmj twh yhuof puols   wjrj cilgof hut wgtm tmj twh ngttnj tricps it tmj dir.  wjrj

(FA, p.26)  Lmuyi oiy oõ of ổg omẪ c omã ny ni-bj, lão ęéh ngẸ e emỬ of of ehg mig tm ẹof

Ậ c cẪy eho emgëu ęåg tỜ g eứ  oàh sûe sûe sgo sg o m  f ẩ f Ậ   oàh r ổg. (DF, p.5:)

Rmj whrb „ puol – gs io goahrcin whrb rjajrrgof th i yhuof cio hr dhy wmh  djmivjs rubjny. Gt gs oht ha mgfmny haajosgvjojss  dut gts jqugvinjot „tmẹof sûe sgom– (wmgem eio dj diel-triosnitjb goth  sho ha tmj dgtem) dgtem) gs ehcpiridny vunfir ehcpirjb th tmj hrgfgo.

Uhcj cjiogof nhss ha UN sniof gs ehcpjositjb dy tmj triosnithr‘s govjotgho ha

2.4.4. Ippngeitgho ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs go pirtgeunir typjs ha

sniof

Go tmgs pirt, tmj rjsjiremjr sjnjetjb tmrjj typjs ha sniof usjb go tmj ohvjn „Rmj Fhbaitmjr– th ioinyzj; sjciotge emiofj, iaagxitgho iob dhrrhwgof. Rmj twh agrst stritjfgjs heeupy i nirfj phrtgho ha sniof vheiduniry go tmj ohvjn (57% iob 44 % rjspjetgvjny) iob tmj nist hoj gs ohtjwhrtmy go i ohvjn rjvhnvgof irhuob emirietjrs ha Gtingio bjsejots. i.

Ujciotge emiofj

Vgtm 59 gostioejs, sjciotge emiofj prjsjots i wgbj spjetruc ha tmj stritjfgjs ippngjb th triosnitj triosnitj tmhsj gtjcs. Inn ha agvj stritjfgjs irj jcpnhyjb< mhwjvjr, i bgspirgty ichof tmj stritjfgjs eio dj uobjrsehrjb is go tmj djnhw agfurj;

Utritjfgjs ippngjb wgtm sniof ha sjciotge emiofj

=

2

shatjogof innhws tmj triosnithr th dj chrj anjxgdnj go bjingof wgtm suem vunfir gtjcs, wmgem rjsunts go mgfm bjpnhy. Go ehotrist, prjsjrvitgho gs usjb go 2 eisjs. Uniof erjitjb dy sjciotge emiofj iequgrj tmj ittrgdutj ha go-frhup gbjotgageitgho tmjrjahrj hdtigo mgfmjr jxprjssgvjojss. Cjiowmgnj, prjsjrvitgho rjqugrjs tmj cigotjoioej ha it njist twh aiethrs; cjiogof iob jxprjssgvjojss. Is i rjsunt, tmj usj ha prjsjrvitgho ho tmj typj ha sjciotge emiofj gs oht aivhridnj. Bjsergptgho stritjfy insh mis tmj sicj gostioejs wgtm 2 sniof. Rmj nhw  pjrejotifj ha bjsergptgho ciy rjsunt arhc gts nhofjr ahrc tmio gts hrgfgo iob gts rjbuetgho ha tmj jxprjssgvjojss ha sniof.. Vgtmhut hutstiobgof bgaajrjoej, ehcpjositgho ahnnhws shatjogof wgtm = gostioejs. Vgtm nhw pjrejotifj ha prjsjrvitgho iob tmj ehosgbjridnj heeurrjoej ha hcgssgho, ehcpjositgho gs ippngjb th cilj up ahr rmjthrge nhss dy shatjogof iob bjsergptgho hr rjstrigo ha usgof prjsjrvitgho. d.

Iaagxitgho

Utritjfgjs ippngjb wgtm iaagxjb sniof

Ichof 96 gtjcs ha iaagxjb sniof, tmj triosnithr stgnn prjajrs shatjogof iob ehcpjositgho wgtm : gostioejs ipgjej. Bjsergptgho stritjfy gs ippngjb 5 tgcjs th josurj tmj uobjrstiobidgngty ha tmj hrgfgoin sniof is wjnn is gts ehotjxt. 5 hut ha 96 sniof irj hcgttjb wgtmhut iaajetgof tmj cjiogof, wmgem gs insh i stritjfy th goerjisj rjibidgngty ha tmj tjxt dy siergagegof aigtmaunojss ha gobgvgbuin gtjcs. Cjiowmgnj, hony hoj sniof gs  prjsjrvjb. Hoej ifigo, gt smhws tmit tmj triosnithr piys chrj ittjotgho th cjiogof iob rmjthrge jaajet ritmjr tmio tmj aigtmaunojss go triosajrrgof sniof gtjcs. e.

Dhrrhwgof

Rwh hut ha 2 dhrrhwgof sniof (:0%) irj triosnitjb wgtm ehcpjositgho stritjfy, wmgem gotjosgagjs tmj rjibidgngty iob rjibjr-argjobngojss ha tmj triosnitgho. J.f.

„I Mhnnywhhb agoheemgh wmh wjjps iob djfs ahr pgty8– (FA, p.41)

oệ  ofưồg ti tmưƩof mẩ g sih8 d ÷o m îo lmõe nõe, oąo oệ ofưồg  Cày nà tm ẹo f d÷ (DF, p.29)  Agoheemgh gs  Agoheemgh gs io Gtingio sniof ahr „fiy–. Go tmj ehotjxt, gt gcpngjs tmj ajjdnjojss iob ehwirbngojss ha Khmooy Ahotigo. Gfohrgof tmj ehotjot, tmj triosnithr emhhsjs

„tmẹof d÷ omîo–  is jqugvinjot ha agoheemgh, wmgem gs chrj phpunir go Qgjtoicjsj.

Ridnj 2. 9. Pjrejotifj ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs Oh. Utritjfy

Oh. biti

Rhtin

Pjrejotifj

9

Prjsjrvitgho

6, =, 94, 9:, 91, 40, 4=, 11, 6:. 66

90

94.6%

4

Uhatjogof

9, 5, :, 96, 44, 46, 54, 56, 57, 20, 44

46.=%

24, :0, :9, ::, 10, 15, 16, 17, 60, 64, 65, 61 5

Bjsergptgho

4, 90, 49, 45, 4:, 47, 50, 51, 22, 92

96.6%

2:, :5, 12, 1:, 69 2

Hcgssgho

2, 99, 9=, 42, 25, 26, 27, :2, :6, 92

96.6%

:=, :7, 1=, 62, 6= :

Ehcpjositgho

1, 7, 95, 92, 91, 97, 41, 59, 55, 52, 97

42%

5:, 5=, 29, 21, 2=, :4, 19, 14, 67 Rhtin

67

900%

Pjrejotifj ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs Ehcpjositgho

42

Hcgssgho

96.6

Bjsergptgho

96.6

 pjrejotifj ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs

Uhatjogof

46.=

Prjsjrvitgho

94.6

0

:

90

9:

40

4:

50

Agfurj 2.2. Pjrejotifj ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs

Is th rjobjrgof 67 sniof whrbs go tmj ohvjn „Rmj Fhbaitmjr–, tmj triosnithr ippngjs inn ha sgx stritjfgjs go wmgem 46.=% ha tmj sniof irj triosnitjb dy shatjogof, ahnnhwjb dy ehcpjositgho wgtm 44.=%. Hcgssgho iob bjsergptgho jxpjrgjoej tmj sicj

josurgof tmj jxprjssgvjojss, wmgem gs pjeungir th sniof. Upjegageinny, Rrgom Muy Ogom iob Bhio Ru Muyjo prjajr shatjogof (1 sniof), bjsergptgho (: sniof) iob hcgssgho (4 sniof) iob byoicge jqugvinjot (9 sniof) go rjobjrgof sniof go tmj ohvjn. Gt cjios tmit tmjy tilj tmj cjiogof iob ehotjot ha sniof whrb goth frjitjr ehosgbjritgho iob cgogcgzj tmj haajosgvjojss ha sniofy gtjcs. Rmj ahnnhwgof jxicpnj smhws tmj bgaajrjoej djtwjjo twh triosnitghos go tilgof stritjfgjs goth ieehuot.

 G‗nn fjt tmit Khmooy Ahotioj‗s dinns eut haa, bh yhu mjir 8– cj, yhu fugoji auel 8–  Mifjo sigb lgobny, „G‗c Fjrcio- Grgsm.–  Grgsm.– Fugoji; Fugoji; Io Gtingio hr Gtingio-Icjrgeio Gt ingio-Icjrgeio  Auel ; usjb is io gotjosgagjr

Ofhe Rmu Niof‗s triosnitgho

Rrgom Muy Ogom -

Bhio Ru Muyjo‗s

triosnitgho

Rmẹof Khmooy Ahotioj òof s ẳ tmgẸo oõ, Eég tmẹof Fgòoog Pmòotjgo, òof e ủ pmấg

ęẼ....– omỜ  v  vảy quäo emõ ęẼ....–

emh lmòof ofõe ęẦu nëo o Ớg cỜ g mấ, cày ofmj ri emưi, quäo Gtingi ęë tgỆo lgi8

hrgfgoin cjiogof, tmj rjibjr eio stgnn gcifgoj mhw hutrifjb Kiel Vhntz gs go tmgs sgtuitgho, wmgem eio cilj up ahr tmj nhss go triosnitgof tmj sniof. Go ehoenusgho, wgtm ehcpjositgho is tmj sjehob chst bhcgoiot stritjfy ippngjb  dy Ofhe Rmu Niof go triosnitgof „Rmj Fhbaitmjr–, tmj triosnithr gs iwirj ha ehovjygof jxprjssgvjojss ha sniof ritmjr tmio prghrgtgzgof tmj cjiogof.

EMIPRJT Q. :.9.

EHOENZUGHOU

Cikhr agobgofs iob gcpngeitghos

Rmj rjsjirem wis ehobuetjb ho tmj ohvjn „Rmj Fhbaitmjr– dy Cirgh Puzh. Disjb ho tmj ergtjrgi th gbjotgay sniof prhphsjb dy Bucis iob Ngfmtjr (976=), tmj rjsjiremjr gbjotgagjb 67 sniof. Rh bgsehvjr emirietjrgstges ha tmj sniof go tmj ohvjn, tmj sjciotge emiofj iob prhejssjs ha whrb-ahrcitgho suffjstjb dy Cittgjnh (400=) wis ibhptjb is i aricjwhrl ahr eitjfhrgzgof tmj sniof. Ho tmj disgs ha stritjfgjs put ahrwirb ho stuby dy Ojwcirl (97==), Diljr (977=), Fireirz (4099), Dnhoslytj, iob Pjtrhogjoj (4095), tmj rjsjiremjr suffjstjb i ojw aricjwhrl ha triosnitgho stritjfgjs go bjingof wgtm sniofy gtjcs. Rmrhufm eitjfhrgzitgho iob ioinysgs, tmj cikhr agobgofs irj prjsjotjb is tmj ahnnhwgof. (9)

67 sniof whrbs usjb go tmj ohvjn irj erjitjb cigony go sjvjo hut ha 7

 pittjros ha sniof whrb-ahrcitgho. Upjegageinny, chst ha tmj sniof, 59 whrbs irj ahrcjb a hrcjb  dy sjciotge emiofj. Iaagxjb sniof gs njss phpunir wgtm 96 hut ha 67 sniof. Umhrtjogof, ehovjrsgho iob ehcphuobgof mivj 90, = iob 6 gostioejs rjspjetgvjny iob dhrrhwgof iob rjbupngeitgho irj tmj njist phpunir prhejssjs go jorgemgof sniofy vheiduniry. Rmus, Jofngsm sniof go tmj ohvjn gnnustritj tmj whrb-ahrcitgho prhejss typgein ha sniof. Hony

(5)

Ichof gostioejs ha shatjogof, twh typjs irj bgstgofugsmjb, oicjny

shatjogof dy usgof njss jxprjssgvj whrb iob shatjogof dy usgof ojutrin whrb. Rmrjj typjs ha ehcpjositgho stritjfy gs insh gbjotgagjb, oicjny ehcpjositgho dy usgof whrbs tmit gs chrj oiturin th tmj RN rjibjr, ehcpjositgho dy usgof chrj jxprjssgvj whrb iob ehcpjositgho dy gotrhbuegof ojw sniof gtjcs. (2)

Ichof sniof ha sjciotge emiofj iob iaagxitgho, tmj fjojrin pittjro gs tmj

usj ha shatjogof iob ehcpjositgho. Bjsergptgho iob hcgssgho irj insh ippngjb wmgnj jxiet iob byoicge jqugvinjoej irj ha heeisghoin hr oh heeurrjoej. (:)

Rmj triosnithr gs oht go aivhr ha bjpnhygof prjsjrvitgho go ehpgof wgtm

sniof gtjcs is tmj stritjfy rjqugrjs tmj cigotjoioej ha it njist cjiogof iob jxprjssgvjojss ichof tmrjj aiethrs ehosgbjrjb go triosnitgof sniof. Rmj rjqugrjcjot  phsjs eminnjofjs ahr tmj triosnithr go iemgjvj jqugvinjoej djtwjjo erhss-eunturin gtjcs. Rmjrjahrj, mj hpts ahr tmj htmjr triosnitgho stritjfgjs bjspgtj tmj ahrcin siergagej ahr cjiogof. :.4.

Ngcgtitghos

Go spgtj ha tmj rjsjiremjr‘s jaahrt, smhrtehcgofs irj gojvgtidnj buj th tmj niel ha rjshurejs iob tgcj prjssurj. Rwh cigo ngcgtitghos irj prjsjotjb djnhw.

:.5.

Tjehccjobitgho Tjehccjobitgho ahr aurtmjr stuby

Arhc ngcgtitgho cjotghojb prjvghusny, tmj rjsjiremjr suffjsts jxpiobgof tmj sehpj ha ahrtmehcgof stuby th goenubj sniof it idhvj whrb njvjn. Rmj nirfjr ichuot ha biti wgnn goerjisj tmj erjbgdgngty ha tmj stuby. Is cjotghojb go tmj gotrhbuetgho pirt, tmj ohvjn mis djjo triosnitjb goth sjvjrin vjrsghos. Rmgs virgjty ciy prhvgbj fhhb shurej ahr ehcpiritgvj rjsjirem th ehcpirj stritjfgjs ippngjb dy tmj triosnithrs ha bgaajrjot vjrsghos.

TJAJTJOEJU 

Jofngsm Ibics, C., 4007. Rmj Pjhpnj‗s Phjtry. Hxahrb; Hxahrb Zogvjrsgty Prjss Diljr, C., 977=.  Go Htmjr Vhrbs; I Dhhl ho Rriosnitgho.  Rriosnitgho.  Ojw Whrl;

Thutnjbfj. Dnhoslytj, C. iob Pjtrhogjoj, U., 4095. Rriosnitgho ha tmj Tussgio Oibsit Uniof go Iotmhoy Durfjss Ohvjn I Enhelwhrl Hriofj goth Ngtmuiogio.  Lindlu Utubgkhs, Utubgkhs, (44), 14-60. Binzjnn, R., 4007. Rmj Thutnjbfj Bgetghoiry ha Chbjro Icjrgeio Uniof iob Zoehovjotghoin Jofngsm. Ojw Jofngsm. Ojw Whrl; Thutnjbfj Bjozgo, O., iob Ngoehno, W. jbs., 400:.  Miobdhhl ha quingtitgvj rjsjirem. rjsjirem . Rmhusiob Hils; Uifj. Bucis, D. L., iob Ngfmtjr, K., 976=. Gs sniof i whrb ahr ngofugsts8.  Icjrgeio Upjjem , :5(9), pp. :-96. Jdnj, E., 9771. Uniof iob Uhegidgngty; Go-Frhup Niofuifj ichof Ehnnjfj Utubjot . Emipjn Mgnn; ZOE Prjss Dhhls.

Miyiliwi, U. G., 9716. Niofuifj go Rmhufmt iob Ietgho. Rmj Anhrgbi Jofngsm  Khuroin, 5(4), pp. 9-94 Mhttjo, K. E., 9=:7.  I Bgetghoiry ha Chbjro Uniof, Eiot iob Qunfir whrbs. whrbs . ZUI; Khmo Eicbjo Mhttjo. Mhusj, K., 9776. Rriosnitgho quingty issjsscjot . Rudgofjo; F. Oirr Cittgjnnh, J., 400:. Rmj pjrvisgvjojss ha sniof go stiobirb iob ohostiobirb Jofngsm.. Chts Jofngsm.. Chts Pinidris Vhrbs; Utubg Ngofugstgeg 1 , 6-29 Cittgjnnh, J., 400=.  Io Gotrhbuetgho th Jofngsm Uniof; I Bjsergptgho ha Gts  Chrpmhnhfy, Ujciotges iob Uheghnhfy. Cgnioh; Uheghnhfy. Cgnioh; Phngcjtrgei Cjrrgic, U. D., 4004.  Gotrhbuetgho th Yuingtitgvj Tjsjirem. Yuingtitgvj rjsjirem go prietgej; jxicpnjs ahr bgseussgho iob ioinysgs. ioinysgs . Ivignidnj it mttp;//www.sergdb.ehc/bhe/495:270=/Gotrhbuetgho-th-Yuingti mttp;//www.sergdb.ehc/bhe/ 495:270=/Gotrhbuetgho-th-Yuingtitgvj-Tjsjirem-Cjrrgictgvj-Tjsjirem-Cjrrgic4004 \Ajdruiry 90, 4092S. Cjrrgic, U. D., 4007. Yuingtitgvj Tjsjirem; I Fugbj th Bjsgfo iob  Gcpnjcjotitgho.  Gcpnjcjotitgho. Eingahrogi; Khmo Vgnjy & Uhos Cuobiy, K., 4009.  Gotrhbuegof triosnitgho stubgjs. Nhobho; stubgjs. Nhobho; Thutnjbfj.  Ojwcirl, P., 97==.  I tjxtdhhl ha triosnitgho. triosnitgho. Ojw Whrl; Prjotgej-Minn

zecj%4AbhwonhibX950541=00=549-42.rirX.mtcn&jg3xrOoZEpFGze=I]lz2LWIw&usf3IAYkEOFLatrwF5Zh4yikFa6dYYFthUNF-I&sgf43fw=syOGKJ26inWFNtgE5f&dvc3dv.1:6==419,b.e4J fw=syOGKJ26inWFNtgE5f&dvc3dv.1:6==419,b .e4J \Ieejssjb 44 Cirem 4092S Tjvjs, M. A., 9741. Vmit gs sni of8 I survjy ha hpgogho‘ .  Icjrgeio Upjjem, 9(2), pp. 491-440 Uunngvio, K. C., 9749. Ergcgoin Uniof. Rmj Qgrfgogi Niw Tjfgstjr, Ojw Ujrgjs, 6(9), pp. 7-96. Qjoutg, N., 977:. Rmj triosnithr‗s govgsgdgngty . Nhobho Thutnjbfj Vgnngics, K., 4095. Rmjhrgjs ha Rriosnitgho. Pinfrivj Rjxtdhhls go Rriosnitgof iob Gotjrprjtgof. Disgofsthlj; Gotjrprjtgof. Disgofsthlj; Pinfrivj Ciecgnnio. 

Qgjtoicjsj Puzh, C., 9717. Dộ  fgà. Rriosnitjb arhc Jofngsm dy R. M. Ogom iob B. R.

Muyjo. Miohg; Qio Mhe Pudngsmgof Mhusj Puzh, C., 9717. Dộ fgà. Rriosnitjb arhc Jofngsm dy O. R. Niof. Miohg; Rmhg Big Pudngsmgof Mhusj.

Ẫt xi–‘. Wjo, P. P., 4002. BỌem fgấ Đhào Rợ MuyẸo;„Qąo mểe bỌem ęiof tỪt m ảu r Ẫt Uig

Fho

Fgig

Pmhof

Hongoj , Hongoj,

41

Kuny.

Ivignidnj

it

IPPJOBG] 9

Utritjfgjs ippngjb go Ofhe Rmu Niof‘s triosnitgho ha sniof go „Rmj Fhbaitmjr– OH. Jofngsm sniof

9 4

5

2

:

Rypjs ha sniof

"Hut auelgof," smj sigb

Ujciotge emiofj Mj djit mjr is mj mib Iaagxitgho  djitjo sohtty  scinnjr lgbs nhof ifh wmjo mj mib djjo i thufm tjjoifjr go Ojw Whrl‘s Mjnn‘s Lgtemjo "Ehcj ho, stgel   gt go. Ujciotge Utgel gt go, Khmooy, tmit‘s emiofj wmit yhu rjinny wiot.– „Whu phhr sgnny distirb, Ujciotge fgvgof cj ericps nglj i emiofj lgb–

„Whu

stgnn tmgol Iaagxitgho serjwgof  gs rjinny nglj

Jofngsm cjiogof Qgjtoicjsj triosnitgho

Utritjfy

th mivj sjx wgtm shcjdhby dgtemy, rubj ehoejgtjb, irrhfiot, inhha

 Oõ duòof cỗt eäu; "Đg Uhatjogof ofỦ vỜ g trig" fgỗof ổ ẩt omư mổg eôo om Ỉ Bjsergptgho qujo dẨt oẩt cẪy ęủi omỈ of xõ emụ . ęẦu ęưồ of

th mivj sjx

„Đäy oày. Cày eủ ęéom ęg, Uhatjogof ęéom oỨi ęg… Cày tmî emệ eõ tmẸ!– Cày ęảp tih… ąo tmui fî! Hcgssgho  Omư eho oãt vảy…

usjb th gosunt shcjdhby, jspjeginny i cio, wmh mis djjo rubj, uopnjisiot hr erujn mivj sjx 2=

D ỗ cày tưỘ of of nàc tîom Uhatjogof eŧof omư cày „sỦi– cẪ y

Pifj (go FA) p.2

1

6

tmhsj bhpjy shofs yhu usjb th sgof– Whu stgnn tmgol serjwgof Iaagxitgho gs rjinny nglj tmhsj bhpjy shofs yhu usjb th sgof Uhooy turojb th mgs Umhrtjogof aitmjr iob sigb, „Rmhsj fuys hvjr tmjrj cust dj ehps.–

=

„Rmhsj nhusy distirbs, Ujciotge tmjy bho‘t rjspjet emiofj ioytmgof.–

7

 Oht th tmj drgbj‘s tistj, Ujciotge  dut Ehoogj mib emiofj ehosjotjb th i „fugoji–

 dàg céy oưỜ e Ẫy mấ D ỗ cày tưỘ of of nàc tîom Ehcpjositgho eŧof omư cày „sỦi– cẪ y  dàg céy oưỜ e Ẫy mấ

stupgb

Phngej haagejr Uhooy vỗg pmg déh; „ EỜ c, Prjsjrvitgho  dộ ẩ!– Rmj vjrd sjosj „th frid– njibs th tmj vjrd sjosj „th irrjst– wmgem njibs th ehppjr wmgem wis smhrtjojb th „ehp.– usjb th gosunt „CẪy tmẹof lmộo… lmòof Prjsjrvitgho shcjdhby, oễ oiof fî mẸt!– jspjeginny i cio, wmh mis djjo rubj, uopnjisiot hr erujn Gtingio hr Gtingio-  Omưof eõ „omà quë– eŧof Ehcpjositgho Icjrgeio  pmấg emỌu, pmấg emîu vî o ỗg eég vỪ emểo tmẹof Eirnh 27

p.7

p.90

wjbbgof th pnjisj mjr aitmjr djeiusj smj mib sh bgspnjisjb mgc go mjr emhgej ha i musdiob. 90 Iob inn tmrhufm tmj Ehcphuobgof yjirs, njio iob ait,  Oizhrgoj emjjraunny pigb mgs bujs th tmj diljry uogho hrfiogzjb dy tmj Bho go mgs sinib biys. 99 Umj isljb i ngttnj Ujciotge goerjbunhusny, „Whu‘rj emiofj oht mgotgof tmit i cio nglj tmit whrls ahr yhur aitmjr8– „Rmj mjnn  wgtm gt,– mj tmhufmt. 94

Ga Uhooy wis serjwgof Iaagxitgho tmj cigb ha mhohr inn tmgs tgcj tmjrj wis fhgof th dj i cjss ha trhudnj

Tgzzg nàc em ổof eŧof ęå ofmỌem ó òof d ộ qué xé r ổg!

 Oąc oàh eŧof vả y, omgỉu ãt Bjsergptgho  Oizhrgoj eŧof ęõof ogëo ngỊc tmảt mąof emh ofmgỆ p ęhào nàc déom eỦ i Òof Rr÷c séof n ả p tỬ   näu nẨc rổg. i swjir whrb tmit Liy tr ụ  ụo  cẨt ofẩe omgëo Hcgssgho shcj pjhpnj usj „Dỗ Òof Fgà xàg e ấ omỨof wmjo tmjy irj ofưồg omư vảy sih iom8– ioohyjb hr surprgsjb hr th jcpmisgzj shcjtmgof. mivj sjx Rm ẹof Uhooy béc nòg eho Prjsjrvitgho omỈ vàh cỗt xõ oàh „quẪt– dỬ i nẨc. UƩ sầy cà ęỚ dễ nà cẪt cẶt vỜg fgi ęîom Cioegog và eho v ụ   Uhooy eŧof emẵof mgỉo fî i pjrghb ha yhutmaun gojxpjrgjoej iob goohejoej

:0

p.94

p.9:

p.91

95

G sthhb go tmj ehurtrhhc Ujciotge nglj i ahhn iob tmhsj emiofj distirbs scgnjb it cj

92

Ujciotge emiofj

Ga yhu mib ehcj th cj ahr  kustgej tmhsj seuc  wmh rugojb yhur biufmtjr whunb dj wjjpgof dgttjr tjirs tmgs biy. 9: G smhunb ojvjr mivj njat cy wgaj iob lgbs ahr tmit tricp G cirrgjb. 91 „G wis erizy idhut tmit dgtem.–

96

9=

Ujciotge emiofj Ujciotge emiofj

Ga tmj ciljup cio bhjs Ujciotge i fhhb khd ho mjr aiej, emiofj smj njts mgc diof mjr. „Fhbaitmjr, wmit  tmj Ujciotge

usjb th gosunt shcjdhby, jspjeginny i cio, wmh mis djjo rubj, uopnjisiot hr erujn bjspgeidnj hr uongljidnj pjrsho

Ròg ęủof ofƩ ofầo trưỜ e Ehcpjositgho thà eôo dỌ mig tmẹof sûe sgom eưồ g vàh c Ặt oỨi

p.40

QỪ vỬi r ổg oẸu òof dẩo Ehcpjositgho omồ  ęẸo tmî ofày fg ồ   mig tmẹof sûe sgom  lgi em Ẩe emẨo sẳ lmộo oẩo mƩo eho omỈ omgỉu.

p.44

i whcio wmh mis cioy sjxuin  pirtojrs io haajosgvj wiy ha rjajrrgof th i whcio, jspjeginny io uopnjisiot hoj th mivj sjx wgtm i whcio

Eho dỈ vụ  dỈ  eho em ẩy Prjsjrvitgho tmjh eho ęgẸc ęõ, nẪy oõ nàc vụ  tmg  tmgỆt dảy mẸt sủe. „Đûof nà eho ęgëo ęẦu vî Ehcpjositgho eho ęgẸc ęõ–

p.4:

Rmẹof emuyëo vgëo v ẳ cẶt Uhatjogof emh oõ ęưụe ęưụ e cỗt emût nà oõ emh  ofỦ. i swjir whrb tmit Rîom mîom omư vảy ęõ tmî Hcgssgho :9

p.41

mjnn eio G bh8–

„I Mhnnywhhb agoheemgh wmh wjjps iob djfs ahr  pgty8– 40 „Whu njat yhur aicgny, yhur emgnbrjo wgtmhut i aitmjr, th cirry i wmhrj iob yhu wjjp djeiusj tmjy bho‘t wjnehcj yhu  diel wgtm hpjo ircs.– 49 Rmj wmhrj, yhu bho‘t mgt mjr go tmj aiej  djeiusj smj gs cilgof i  pgeturj, tmjo yhu irj icizjb djeiusj smj niufms it yhu. 44 Djiutgaun drhibs  ruo iatjr cj iob G ojvjr ehunb rjsgst tmjc. 97

emiofj

Dhrrhwgof

shcj pjhpnj usj wmjo tmjy irj ioohyjb hr surprgsjb hr th jcpmisgzj shcjtmgof Gtingio sniof ahr fiy

Ujciotge emiofj

I prhstgtutj

Ujciotge emiofj

I prhstgtutj

Ehovjrsgho

io haajosgvj wiy ha rjajrrgof th i whcio :4

 dộ dấh eho nàc sih däy fgồ 8

Cày nà tmẹof d÷ omîo Ehcpjositgho lmõe nõe, oąo oệ ofưồ g ti tmưƩof mẩg sih8 Cày d Ỉ vụ   eég eho e ỗt ęg Prjsjrvitgho rưỜ e cỗt eho ęgẸc vỉ nàc vụ  r ổg cày tmio t Ừg oõ n ồ  cày ęg!

Cày ęả p emh eho vụ  tổg Bjsergptgho dẩg cỗt tr ảo cà eôo em Ửi eég cẶt vî oõ ęặ p qué, oõ ęiof ęõof pmgc oëo oõ eưồ g vàh cẶt cày eôo Ẫc ủe vî dỌ oõ „emểe quë–. Fég ęặ p emẩy tmjh tmî t Ử Uhatjogof emộg sih o Ớg8

45

42

Emrgst, G eio‘t fh tmrhufm inn tmit erip ifigo. Dut tmit distirb  Kiel Vhntz gs piygof cj haa, mj who‘t fgvj gt th cj.

Ujciotge emiofj Ujciotge emiofj

4:

Vmit mj wgnn prhphsj gs Dhrrhwgof io goaicgti.

41

G bho‘t eirj mhw cioy Dhrrhwgof fugoji Ciagi fhhcdims ehcj hut ha tmj whhbwhrl.

ohosjosj, ruddgsm Däy fg ồ  cà   cà emug tr Ộ  Ộ n n ẩg eég trôof fgi ęîom tmî eho em ệ eõ oưỜ e emẸt! usjb th gosunt  Omưof tmẹof emỦ  Kiel shcjdhby, Vhntz fẩem tëo eho eég jspjeginny i cio, cỗt. wmh mis djjo rubj, uopnjisiot hr erujn EmuyỆo ęõ dầo, lmòof tm ễ I sgegngio whrb tmit cjios "io iet bãom vò! ha goaicy hr bgsmhohr". Pirtgeunirny ifigost hojs aicgny, dut gt eio  dj ifigost i sjt chrin stiobirb. i nhyin cinj CẪy tmẹof Dào Riy Đjo argjob< io Gtingio- lgi nà eég tmé fî lîi8 Icjrgeio i cjcdjr ha i sjerjt emgjany Gtingio-Icjrgeio :5

Bjsergptgho

p.46

Hcgssgho

p.4=

Bjsergptgho

p.47

Ehcpjositgho

p.22

46

4=

47

G dhufmt mgc go Jofniob Ehovjrsgho nist yjir ahr sgx muobrjb friob. Nhhl it tmit ehel  ho Ujciotge mgc. G smhunb mivj suem emiofj i ehel .– .– Piungj

Fitth mitjb qugelgj  khds, jspjeginny wmjo tmjy govhnvjb vghnjoej. 50 Iob shcjtmgof nglj thogfmt, jvjo tmhufm gt wis puol   stuaa, ehunb turo goth sjrghus  dusgojss ga shcjdhby cibj i cgstilj 59  Ohw, sgppgof mgs djjr, mj fnioejb irhuob, emjelgof mhw tmj twh yhuof puols  wjrj cilgof hut wgtm tmj twh

ergcj hrfiogzitgho 9 tmhusiob bhnnirs  pjogs

Iaagxitgho

eirrgjb hut qugelny

Ujciotge emiofj

 phhr, goajrghr

Ujciotge emiofj

i pjtty (cinj) mhhbnuc< i (cinj) kuvjognj bjngoqujot :2

Uéu trąc ofào ęò-ni  cui Uhatjogof tảo dëo Ąof-në ofmj! Dẩo tm ợ ehg eég fảy e Ủi oõ Prjsjrvitgho eõ ofho lmòof lîi8 Pm ấg emg cîom eõ c ỗt eég… eứ ęõ  lmỚ nẨc ofmj! ứ ęõ tmî ęứ  lm  OẸu e Ầo pmấg ęéom ęẪc tmî Bjsergptgho xưi oiy Piungj Fitth lỺ n ộg ęéom àh àh, ęéom dỬ i ęéom ầu. B÷ ęéom bẹo cẶt eŧof Bjsergptgho vảy. UƩ sầy „sig cỗt ny ęg cỗt bẶc– tmî sih8

Lmuyi oiy oõ ofổg omẪc Ehcpjositgho omã ny ni-bj, lão ęéh ngẸ e emỬof ehg mig tmẹof sûe sgom f ẩ f Ậc c Ẫy eho emgëu  oàh r ổg. ęåg tỜ g eứ  oàh

p.26

p.:0

ngttnj tricps it tmj dir. 54

Briat bhbfgof, vghnitgof Iaagxitgho tmjgr prhditgho dy brgolgof go i dir iatjr cgbogfmt, emisgof anhhzgjs

55

„Whu auelgof  distirb,– Iaagxitgho Vhntz serjicjb.

52

G‘nn fjt tmit Khmooy Ujciotge Ahotioj‘s dinns eut haa, emiofj bh yhu mjir cj, yhu fugoji auel 8– 8– Mifjo sigb lgobny, „G‘c Fjrcio-Grgsm.– Rmit einn G kust fht fivj Ehovjrsgho cj bhpj wj ojjbjb. Uhcjdhby mib th agofjr tmj hnb cio

5:

51

Gt wis io gcphrtiot Ehcphuobgof  prhchtgho, tmit th „duttho cio, hoj oht th

i whcio wmh mis sjxuin rjnitghosmgps wgtm cioy bgaajrjot cjo usjb is io ittjotgho-fjttgof gotjosgagjr Fugoji; Fugoji; Io Gtingio hr GtingioIcjrgeio  Auel ; usjb is io gotjosgagjr

Dấo éo trjh eôo s ồ  sồ  ęõ Uhatjogof cà ęå vò dir ąo omả u, téo fég nà néh, néh qué r ổg!

th gbjotgay< th oicj< th goahrc upho shcjdhby

Ròg emồ  ęụ g eû pmòo v Ửi Ehcpjositgho r ổg ổg ęễ eõ tm ễ mỗg ęỦ s ỹ lg Ệo emãom xée, tîc ęãem biom tmẹof ęå pmấo dỗg „déo ęủ of– Òof Fgà. Cỗt tmẹof „emỦ emột– ęễ Bjsergptgho oẨc dểo emuyëo vgëo ęéom ęẪc, emçc fgẸt ęäu

go hrfiogzjb ergcj, i pjrsho wmh lgnns ho tmj ::

Kiel Vhntz f Ầc nëo; „ Dểo Ehcpjositgho emõ ęẼ lmộo oẩo!–

p.:2

Rmẹof Khmooy Ahotioj òof Ehcpjositgho sẳ tmgẸo oõ, om Ờ  vảy quäo emõ ęẼ....– ęẼ....– Mifjo tệom dƩ; „Ehg, tòg eõ emi eõ cặ ęàof mhàof –. –. p.61

p.=5

 dj miobjb hut ngfmtny. 56

Mj whunb tjnn Piungj tmit Ujciotge tmjgr khd thbiy wis th emiofj agob io ipirtcjot go eisj tmj Aicgny bjegbjb th fh th tmj cittrjssjs.

5=

„Umgt,– Enjcjozi sigb, Ujciotge „tmjy wiot us diel go emiofj Nhof Djiem.–

57

Piungj, punn hvjr, G fhtti Ujciotge tilj i njil . emiofj Dut mgs aichus Iaagxitgho ogfmtenud wgtm gts bioegof ngoj ha nhofstjccjb djiutgjs wis tmj agogsmgof semhhn ahr cioy ha tmj egty mhhljrs.

20

hrbjrs arhc idhvj pm ấg b Ị, nûe oàh cu ộo tmiy nà tmiy burgof fiof Däy fgồ  cà dỌi emuyỆo 5 wirairj, th rjtrjit tmẹof pmấg emgi omiu lg Ẹc go io ircjb frhup fẪ p cỗt eąo omà tmảt lão th i ahrtgagjb ęéh nàc eąo eủ , nả p tỚof rhhc, ipirtcjot, màom bgom ęễ  lmig emg Ẹo hr mhusj ęéom nỜ o nà eõ s Ẻo ofiy tmî trąc pmẦo trąc Piungj  pmấgtgo! Emuầo dỌ sẺo sàof ęễ trấg oỆc cà8 i fjojrin Đ.C… Đ.C… nẩg eõ tmiy ęỚg fgồ  jxprjssgho ha emõt. Piungj và tih v ỉ Nhof bgsfust Djiem nåom eòof tée lmée. io iet ha Piungj, of Ửof xj n ẩg emh tih urgoitgho nàc eég vỪ lgi eég ęå prhstgtutj Omg ỉu jc dç bjnuxj O Ứ uuƨỜ e xuẪt tmäo tỬ quéo oày.

:1

Uhatjogof

p.=1

Ehcpjositgho

p.=6

Uhatjogof

p.==

Uhatjogof

29

24

G‘c lohwo is tmj sgssy Iaagxitgho ha tmj Ehrnjhoj aicgny.  Oh tmrjit.

Rjnn mgc th eut hut tmit erip  iob ehcj ho go mjrj 25 Iob yhu lohw mhw cuem bhufm  tmjrj gs go brufs. Rmj Ehrnjhoj Aicgny bhjso‘t ojjb gt, wj mivj tmj ficdngof, wmgem gs tmj djst  dusgojss th mivj. 22 „Gs tmit wmit yhu shnbgjrs einn i qugelgj8–

Ujciotge emiofj

io jaajcgoitj dhy hr cio, jspjeginny i mhchsjxuin< i ehwirb ohosjosj

Ujciotge emiofj

chojy

Ehovjrsgho

i sjxuin joehuotjr tmit gs eirrgjb hut qugelny i ergcgoin, fiofstjr

2:

G tmhufmt G fht inn yhu Umhrtjogof fugoji mhhbs nheljb up.

21

Whu auelgof mhhb, wmh Iaagxitgho tmj mjnn irj yhu th tjnn cj cy dusgojss8 :6

Rmủ  fà  fà emẸt cà tỪg oõ tmjh Ehcpjositgho

p.75

búg, ęj bhẩ nàc emg emh c Ẫt eòof! Dấh nåh Ẫy nàc Ʃo vò ęäy Uhatjogof  v Ờ  v  v ầo fẪ p, ng Ệof cẪy tmủ  v Ẫy ęg! Cîom emưi eẦo ęẸo c ộg n ụ g Hcgssgho ci tûy vî cîom eõ sôof d ẩe omưof omỨof eéom lmée ęäu eõ fî8

p.72

p.7:

Bäo omà dgom f ểg eég v Ừ Bjsergptgho oày nà... ég äo eẪp t ộe pmấg lmòof 8

p.900

Rih ęå emh một mẸt cẪy Bjsergptgho tmẹof ęẦu trỗc ęuòg eưỜ p Rmủ  emõ   emõ emẸt eỦi cày cà Ehcpjositgho béc sỦi dảy vò eòof vgỆe eỦi tih8

p.90:

26

G bho‘t fgvj i smgt mhw Umhrtjogof cioy bifh  fiofstjrs lgnn jiem htmjr.

2=

Rmj phngej eiptigo, CeEnusljy, gs i fuy wmh‘s djjo ho tmj  tilj vjry mjivy jvjr sgoej mj‘s djjo i pitrhncio. Cjiowmgnj wj‘rj supphsjb kust th niy diel iob tilj jvjrytmgof mj bgsmjs hut. Vmit auelgof ojrvj G‘vj djjo sgttgof mjrj wigtgof ahr tmj nist tmrjj biys, jvjr sgoej tmj hnb cio fht smht, wigtgof ahr yhu th eriel hut ha tmit Gvy Njifuj, wir mjrh dunnsmgt  emirietjr yhu‘vj djjo wjirgof G‘vj djjo wigtgof ahr

27

:0

:9

Ehovjrsgho

io Gtingio hr GtingioIcjrgeio(arhc Biyfhjr; Gtingio gccgfritgho) sthnjo prhpjrty ieejptgof drgdjs

Eõ fgẸt omiu emẸt tih eŧof Hcgssgho ęçh eẦo

Qò e÷of omic om Ộ , emệ Ehcpjositgho tmãem tg ỉo và tỬ mổg cỜ g vò nãom ęå „oméc tiy– oẶof.

p.906

Iaagxitgho

(Gotjosgagjr)

Lmòof n ẳ cîom e ủ ỵ ri tm Ừ Hcgssgho ęỗof8

p.907

Ehcphuobgof

ohosjosj, ruddgsm C Ẫy dỨi oiy, tỬ  mòc Ớof Uhatjogof  dỌ emûof emƩg… tih vẬo eõ ó emồ  cày  cày tỹ ó emug ri lm Ỉg tmép ofà, v ủt dỈ  eég vỈ  trã tmủe bẪc bỜ  d  dẪy näu oiy.

p.995

Ehovjrsgho

bjspgeidnj pjrsho Rih v Ậo emồ cày ồ  cày ęỚg nột ęễ Uhatjogof :=

:4

yhu th djehcj cy rgfmt irc sh wj eio lgnn tmhsj auels  tmit irj trygof th bjstrhy hur aitmjr iob hur icgny. Chst gcphrtiot Iaagxitgho tmjy fht mgc bhwo is aiffy.

sét eéom e÷of tih tm Ọt dẹof of tmẹof béc emƩg mẸt omỨ of Òof Fgà, béc ęỪof ęẸo omà cîom! i cinj mhchsjxuin (arhc ohuo aif  ohuo  aif )

Eõ eấ trgỆu nó bh, shof n ụ g Ehcpjositgho mẩg omẪt Ộ  ęgễc tỪg oõ vẬo tưỘof ęäu tmẹof oày emẸt

p.992

omét.

:5

:2

Mj mib ljpt mgs ngttnj Umhrtjogof ehrojr ha tmj egty siaj ahr hrbgoiry pjhpnj iob mj surj is mjnn wis jotgtnjb th chrj tmio mgs nhusy hoj E ohtj i wjjl. Vmjo wgohs iob bruols Iaagxitgho agntjrjb up arhc tmj Dhwjry th piomiobnj ho mgs djit mj fht rgb ha tmjc sh rhufmny tmit tmjy ojvjr eicj diel.

i hoj muobrjb bhnnir dgnn (E 3 ejotuc 3 muobrjb)

i nhwny bruol

:7

Lmòof nẳ pmỪe vỪ mẸt Bjsergptgho cîom, dấh ęấc tr ảt tỹ  emh eấ cỗt lmu vỹe xå mỗg ęẨe nỹe omư vảy cà em ệ eõ quyỉo tròof e ảy Ộ  ęổof nưƩof emẸt ęõg eỦi omà e8 oưỜ e8 Rm ẹof oàh ąo quỌt, pmé Hcgssgho  pméem tmî em ệ eẦo eẪ p déh; eảu Ce Enhsljy s ẳ eõ cẶt ęễ  omäo biom pmép nu ảt và tr ảt tỹ  eòof eỗof, ęả p emh cỗt tr ảo tmỬi sộof tmgẸu emẸt. DỌ tr Ửof tr Ọ cỗt nẦo tmî eẩem nuòo, m Ẹt béc nig

p.991

våof ::

Ha ehursj shcjtgcjs mj isljb i ngttnj aivhr, nglj fjttgof io jcpnhyjj wgtm i rjehrb enjirjb ahr i eidirjt whrl ngejosj, usuinny i prjtty fgrn wgtm i phngej bhssgjr is i mustnjr hr rhnnjr :1 Mj‘s kust i wgsj sho ha i  dgtem wgtm i dgf-wmjjn ehp sgbjlgel. :6 G shrt ha kust cgssjb yhu, G wis tmj ojxt fjojritgho. Mhojst, gt‘s oht tmit G‘c fhhbyfhhby. := Umj mibo‘t ainnjo inn hvjr mjrsjna th serjw ahr mgc hr try th mustnj mgc  djeiusj mgs ehoojetghos whunb mjnp mjr go smhw

Iaagxitgho

Ehcphuobgof

Tjbupngeitgho

Umhrtjogof

i prhstgtutj)

i prhcgojot,  phwjraun iob gcphrtiot pjrsho io jxejssgvjny fhhb pjrsho

dusgojss

ĐỚg nẩg näu näu eõ emuy Ệo Uhatjogof omồ  vấ, emẵof mẩo fgẪy  pmçp màom ofmỉ emh eée jc emgëu ęåg, omẪt nà eée jc  sj-vãt eõ „pmãem– emƩg dồ g Ộ  sj-vãt lgễc nỪe.

p.996

DẪt qué em ệ nà cỗt tmẹof Prjsjrvitgho néu eé, eõ tmẹof eỜ c fỗe ofổg cỗt dëo emỜ  fî8  fî8 Cë nẨc nẨc… omưof eõ Hcgssgho ęgỉu cîom lmòof e÷of c ỗt tmẸ mỆ.

p.940

Oõ lmòof cë iom Hcgssgho Khmooy ęẸo ęỗ mgẸo bäof miy sẺo sàof o ẩ p tmuẸ tmỌt ęễ tgẸo tmäo siu oày.

dgz

10

p.955

:7

10 19

14

Rmjo ciydj G eio fgvj yhu iob tmj lgbs chrj bhufm– „Auel yhu,– Khmooy sigb. G fht i fhhb khd ho tmj truel, dhaagof mhusjwgvjs inhof cy rhutj, pgelgof up i enjir muobrjb-agaty jvjry wjjl. Mj sigb, „Mjy, pigsio–

Ujciotge emiofj Ujciotge emiofj Ujciotge emiofj

Umhrtjogof

„Whu eio‘t agrj cj8– Ujciotge  Ogoh sigb wgtm bruoljo emiofj euoogof. „Oh,– Khmooy sigb. „Rmjo auel  yhu,– Ogoh sigb. 12 Rmj angcanic  mhcj- Tjbupngeitgho gcprhvjcjot fyp irtgsts, tmj bhhr-th-bhhr eho cjo wjrj phngtjny

 Ofmħi nà eõ tmễ  emu e Ẫ p emh hcgssgho eò và eée eho tmëc emût oỨi. usjb is io gotjosj Rỹ  omgëo Khmooy d ảt cỗt Uhatjogof vjrd ha idusj eäu; „Rmòg „Rmòg emi cày ęg!– ęg!– mivj sjx Cày omỜ nà Ờ  nà tih ęiof nàc Ộ  Ehcpjositgho ęäy euộg tuẦo dẨt 9:0 ęò ofho nàom, em ệ vg Ệe tà tà nég xj, bểe ęưồ of of eõ quyỉo dẨt dô nẩe nu d÷ ęẪy omç!

p.956

 Oõ oméy Ogoh, „Ë,tmẹof Ehcpjositgho omà quë .–

p.9:4

- Cày lmòof ęuỚg ęưụ e Uhatjogof tih8 - Lmòof! - Qảy tmî eût emi cày ęg!

p.9:=

C Ẫy tmẹof dỌp ęg déo ęổ Bjsergptgho fgé miy ęõof lỌem vồ  vẬo vò bểo ęổ Ộ  pmưƩof Ộ  pmưƩof lmée tỜg Nhof Djiem nà ęưụ e

p.975

chojy

io Gtingio hr Gtingio-Icjrgeio (arhc pigsioh)

15

i swgobnj

19

p.924 p.9:9

1:

11 16

1=

wirojb tmit tmjy wjrj oht wjnehcj go Nhof Djiem Zonjss yhu‘rj suffjstgof tmit smj gs i– mjrj mgs aiej djeicj hoj ha semhnirny bhudt- „i ‟chnn,‘ G djngjvj gt‘s einnjb. Mj mhpjb tmj hnb distirb erhiljb. Emrgst, mj‘b dnhwo ojirny agatjjo friob ho tmj triel iob smhw fgrn dgcdhs.

lmuyẸo eéh ęg emỖ  lmée emƩg tmảt nỌem sỹ. Ujciotge emiofj

i fiofstjr's fgrnargjob

of mụ  p eée òof omẪt Bjsergptgho Rrưồ of ęỌom emh oõ nà c ỗt tm ủ... Ủi biom tỬ  fgiof mổ fểg nà fî omệ... pmấg r ổg... cỗt tmủ  fég emƩg.

p.971

Ehovjrsgho

bgj (arhc tmj bjitm rittnj) i sjxuinny ittrietgvj dut uogotjnngfjot whcio (arhc Gtingio whrb ahr  didy/goaiot) go sphrts djttgof, i ehcdgoitgho ha  djts tmit prhbuej i wgo oh cittjr wmit tmj hutehcj ha tmj ficj

Pmấg emg nåh ofỦc tmî ęứ  Prjsjrvitgho lmỚ qué Eủ l ễ ri eŧof mƩg qué ęéof Uhatjogof vî 9: ofào ęò ęäu pmấg ãt of m Ẹt Ộ trưồof cà oưỜ of Ộ  trưồof ęui và dih fég nu d÷!

p.400

Qî òof emỦ fmg nẦc eõ cỖg Hcgssgho cỗt nẦo - emẵof mgễu vò tîom miy e ộ  ó - cà c ỗt ofày mòc Emûi omảt ęå mỪt mẸt 1 ofào ęò.

p.40:

Dhrrhwgof

Go tmj agrst wjjl go mgs Ehovjrsgho  khd Eirnh mib cibj i cgstilj go triosphsgof tmj hbbshoth tmj  dnieldhirb iob mib erjitjb tmit brjic ha inn

14

ficdnjrs, i „cgbbnj.– 17

Rmj Ehrnjhoj frhup bjpjobjb ho ficdngof ahr chst ha gts goehcj, iob wis mgt jspjeginny mirb go gts „ oucdjrs– hr „phngey– drioem ha hpjritghos. 60 Rmj ruoojrs wmh pgeljb up tmj ietgho wjrj swjpt goth phngej ojts iob usuinny fgvjo i cjbguc smjnnielgof djahrj djgof  dhhljb. 69 Rmj „dioljrs,– .70 eingdjrs go tmjgr hwo rgfmt, ehcpnigojb th tmj Eiphrjfgcjs…

Ujciotge emiofj

gnnjfin nhttjry

Ofu ổo nụ g emãom e Ủi pmj Uhatjogof oày nà eồ  d  d ẩe, omẪt nà ęéom ęỉ, ęéom eé

Iaagxitgho

pmysgein djit (Umjnnie (v)  smjnnielgof (o)

Eấom sét tuof nưỜg ri quƩ Uhatjogof cỗt sộ emỦ  sôof, siu lmg ęào ép qui nhi.

Iaagxitgho

tmj hpjrithr ha io gnnjfin oucdjrs rieljt hr nhttjry i pjrsho wmh agoioejs ficdngof jotjrprgsj

CẪy tmẹof eõ tgỉo cỘ  Bjsergptgho "tỚof màom bgom" nỖ oẶof

15

nà pmấg yëu e Ầu eéeeiphrjfgcj eio tmg Ệ p

p.407

64

Hoej ifigo tmj piyhaa Ehcphuobgof smjjt wis typjb up dy tmj prjegoet difcio…

65

G tmgol wj‘b djttjr njt tmj hnb cio tilj gt jisy ahr i ehupnj ha wjjls, uotgn tmj bhe siys mj eio bh dusgojss. Fh einn yhur drhtmjr iob tjnn mgc G who‘t serjw yhu, ciydj mj‘nn djit cj up uotgn G fjt i mirb ho. Jspjeginny sgoej G‘vj mib th trjit mgc tmrjj tgcjs ahr enip  iob hoej ahr sypmgngs. Rmit tmjsj fuosngofjrs, tmhsj ciony, vgrgnj, strigfmt-smhhtgof ehwdhys whunb inwiys isl tmj fgrns ahr i ‟Arjoem,‘ wmit wj

62

6:

61

Umhrtjogof

i pjrsho wmh ehnnjets, ciljs hr mhnbs gnnjfin  piycjots bhethr bhe thr

QỌ

ęẩg bgỆo quảo nẩg sẳ eõ Uhatjogof cỗt „nãt– pmấ g emg mẹof tméof…

p.490

 vàg tuẦo Uhatjogof Đễ òof fgà ofm ệ ęứ  vàg emh ęẸo nûe dée sħ  dấh lmỈj mẵo ęå.

p.499

Ehovjrsgho

jrjetgho

Céem oõ nà tih lmòof of Ủ Hcgssgho vỜg cày ęễ  ehg oõ eõ d Ẩt ęưụ e tih pmấg ofỦ lmòof8–

p.440

Umhrtjogof

(Arjoem eniphgr) eniphgr) fhohrrmhji

Eég tmẹof ngỉu cẩof, lmòof Prjsjrvitgho fgỨ  fîo quég fî m Ẹt; 5 n Ầo nảu, 9 nẦo fgiof-cig r ổg!

p.412

Ehovjrsgho

hrin sjx

Rmjh n ồ g dà eỪ  tmî ofiy t Ử Uhatjogof mổg ęõ eée dộ  eih-dổg tủe emąo dô omà ti sûof nỦ of nẵof ofiof mòof tròof r Ẫt m÷of bŧof, trẼ trig ưi omàh vò ęỗof và omẪt ęỌom duỗe

p.41:

12

iethrs einn ajnnitgh, wmit yhu einn ‟hm tmit.‘ 66

6=

„Ittidhy, Bhe, tmit‘s Ehcphuobgof tjnngof mgc.–

Gt wis gotjobjb is i Iaagxitgho argjobny pinny-uoenj wirogof, oht rjinny is i tmrjit. 67 „Rmit‘s inn erip bjtign, G Ehcphuobgof eio agx tmit. Ahrfjt idhut tmit supjrvgsgho iob kust sh tmj diols who‘t fjt emhhsy G‘nn mivj yhur yjnnhw smjjt  punnjb.–

prigsj, jspjeginny arhc i dhss (it i  dhy) argjob, ehcribj (pin)

i ergcgoin rjehrb

1:

eée jc pm ấg yëu eée iom tmjh nộg Pmû-niof-si... t ủe nà nàc eég vỪ ęõ „Mhio mò  dée-sħ!... QỜ g Prjsjrvitgho tmẹof oày tmî pm ấg em ợg v ảy oõ cỜ g tmẪc!– ở cỗt fgi ęîom oàh lmée eõ Hcgssgho nẳ ęõ emệ nà c ỗt lmuyẸo eéh eảu eméu tmäo tîom, b ẹo cẶt sƩ sƩ. e, tòg s ẳ  eõ eéem tmu Ehcpjositgho Đưụ e, xẸp emh eég „sỚ  vàof– eỦi emû dgẸo nuòo... ęễ siu oày eõ nàc ąo fî eŧof bỊ.

p.469

p.5:2

p.5:=

IPPJOBG] 4

Ehcpirgsho djtwjjo Ofhe Rmu Niof‘s triosnitgho iob Rrgom Muy Ogom iob Bhio Ru Muyjo‘s triosnitgho go ippnygof ehcpjositgho stritjfy OH.

Jofngsm sniof

Rypjs ha sniof

Jofngsm cjiogof

Ofhe Rmu

Utritjfy

Niof‗s

Rrgom Muy Ogom iob Bhio

triosnitgho

Rmu Muyjo‗s

Utritjfy

Pifj (go FA)

triosnitgho

1

7

Whu stgnn tmgol Iaagxitgho serjwgof gs rjinny nglj tmhsj shofs bhpjy  yhu usjb th sgof Oht th tmj Ujciotge  drgbj‘s tistj, dut emiofj Ehoogj mib ehosjotjb th i „fugoji– wjbbgof th  pnjisj mjr aitmjr  djeiusj smj mib sh bgspnjisjb mgc go mjr emhgej ha i

D ỗ cày tưỘ of of Ehcpjositgho Cày tưỘof omư Hcgssgho trhof eée dàg nàc tîom eŧof cày vẬo r ộof omư cày „sỦi– cẪy dàg céy òof Ớof bẩh oưỜ e Ẫy mấ trưỜe ęẪy mấ8 Gtingio hr  Omưof eõ „omà Ehcpjositgho Đéc eưỜ g tỚ Bjsergptgho Gtingioemủe tmjh nộg quë– eŧof pmấg Icjrgeio emỌu, pmấg emîu bäo bå omư xưi vî oỗg eég v Ừ oiy vẬo nàc Ộ  emểo tmẹof Gtingi. Eò bäu Eirnh Tgzzg nàc lmòof lmhég emổof eŧof ęå lgễu oày omưof ofmỌem ó òof d ộ vẬo pmấg dẪc qué xé r ổg!  dỪof emỌu ofuyëo emuyỆo lço emổof eò

stupgb

11

p.2

p.90

musdiob. 95

G sthhb go tmj Ujciotge ehurtrhhc nglj i emiofj ahhn iob tmhsj distirbs  scgnjb it cj

92

Ga yhu mib ehcj th cj ahr kustgej tmhsj seuc  wmh rugojb yhur biufmtjr whunb  dj wjjpgof  dgttjr tjirs tmgs biy. „G wis erizy idhut tmit dgtem.–

91

Ujciotge emiofj

Ujciotge emiofj

eŧof ęå nàc òof  dộ lmòof vug r ổg usjb th Ròg ęủof ofƩ Ehcpjositgho Ròg emệ  eôo dg Ẹt Prjsjrvitgho p.40 gosunt ofầo trưỜ e thà ęủof ęẦo cąt ri shcjdhby, eôo dỌ mig  tm ẹof fgỨi tôi, eôo jspjeginny sûe sgom eưồ g cẪy tmẹof lmộo oẩo  lgi i cio, vàh cẶt oỨi wmh mis  p tmî ęưụ e bỌ p  djjo rubj, eưồg vàh cŧg uopnjisiot tòg. hr erujn bjspgeidnj QỪ vỬi r ổg oẸu Ehcpjositgho  OẸu òof ęẸo tòg Ehcpjositgho p.44 hr òof dẩo om ồ ęẸ tmî mig tmẹof ồ ęẸo fgôg dể lgi ęå uongljidnj tmî ofày fg ồ   mig  pjrsho oẸc c÷g lm ộo tmẹof sûe sgom lgi emẨe emẨo sẳ oẩo omỜ ęồ  Ờ ęồ g r ổg. lmộo oẩo mƩo eho omỈ omgỉu. io haajosgvj wiy ha rjajrrgof th i

„Đûof nà eho Ehcpjositgho Eho ęå cë cầo Ehcpjositgho p.4: ęgëo ęẦu vî eho eég eho ęħ  Ẫy ęgẸc ęõ– ęẸo pmét ęgëo  pmét r ổ nëo. 16

97

„I

Mhnnywhhb Dhrrhwgof agoheemgh  wmh wjjps iob djfs ahr pgty8–

41

G bho‘t eirj mhw Dhrrhwgof cioy fugoji Ciagi fhhcdims ehcj hut ha tmj whhbwhrl.

whcio, jspjeginny io uopnjisiot hoj Gtingio Cày nà tmẹof Ehcpjositgho RmẸ  oàh, eég Bjsergptgho d÷ omîo  lmõe sniof ahr tmẹof oỗc Mòfiy nõe, oąo oệ ofưồ g ng-ût bỘ  ęỹ e bỘ  eég lgi, vgỆe fî ti tmưƩof mẩg sih8 cày nẩg dày trô lmõe nõe vio xgo Ẫy tmẸ8 i nhyin CẪy tmẹof Dào Ehcpjositgho CẪy tmẹof Uhatjogof cinj Riy Đjo  lgi nà eưỜ p Ciagi eõ argjob< io eég tmé fî lîi8  däu ęẸo omư ruổg Gtingioòof eŧof emẪ p Icjrgeio mẸt i cjcdjr ha i sjerjt emgjany GtingioIcjrgeio ergcj hrfiogzitg 1=

p.41

p.22

ho 59

55

52

Ohw, sgppgof Ujciotge mgs djjr, mj emiofj fnioejb irhuob, emjelgof mhw tmj twh yhuof wjrj puols  cilgof hut wgtm tmj twh ngttnj tricps it tmj  dir. „Whu auelgof Iaagxitgho  distirb,– Vhntz serjicjb.

G‘nn fjt tmit Ujciotge Khmooy emiofj Ahotioj‘s dinns eut haa, bh yhu mjir cj, yhu fugoji auel 8– 8– Mifjo sigb

i pjtty (cinj) mhhbnuc< i (cinj)  kuvjognj bjngoqujot

Lmuyi oiy oõ Ehcpjositgho QỬi omẪc omép Ehcpjositgho p.:0 ofổg omẪc omã  dgi, m Ẩo v Ửi ng Ẹe ny ni-bj, lão ęéh cẨt xjc em Ửof ngẸe emỬof ehg mig tmẹof emõ mig tmẹof sûe eho téo t ệom cẪy eho déo dir sgom fẩ fẬc cẪy eho emgëu ęåg tỜ g eứ   oàh r ổg.

usjb is io ittjotghofjttgof gotjosgagjr Fugoji; Fugoji; io Gtingio hr GtingioIcjrgeio  Auel ; usjb is io gotjosgagjr

Kiel Vhntz f Ầc Ehcpjositgho Đổ  bôg dể  mòg Uhatjogof nëo; „Dểo emõ ęẼ tmộg lmộo oẩo!– Rmẹof Khmooy Ehcpjositgho Eég tmẹof Uhatjogof Ahotioj òof s ẳ Fgòoog tmgẸo oõ, om Ờ  Pmòotjgo, òof e ủ vảy quäo emõ  pmấg emh lmòof ęẼ....– ęẼ....– ofõe ęẦu nëo o Ớg cỜ g mấ, cày Mifjo tệom dƩ; ofmj ri emưi, „Ehg, tòg eõ emi eõ cặ ęàof quäo Gtingi ęễ 17

p.:2

mhàof –. –.

lgobny, „G‘c Fjrcio-Grgsm.–

5:

Rmit einn G kust Ehovjrsgho fht fivj cj bhpj wj ojjbjb. Uhcjdhby mib th agofjr tmj hnb cio

th gbjotgay< th oicj< th goahrc upho shcjdhby

5=

Ujciotge „Umgt,– Enjcjozi sigb, emiofj „tmjy wiot us  diel go Nhof Djiem.–

i fjojrin jxprjssgho ha bgsfust

29

G‘c lohwo is Iaagxitgho tmj sgssy  ha tmj Ehrnjhoj aicgny.  Oh tmrjit.

io jaajcgoitj  dhy hr cio, jspjeginny

tgỆo lgi8

Mifjo oõg ofểt xỜ t; t; - Rmẹ of of jc nà ofưồg Đủ e nig  Grniob eƩ ẩ. Ròg emồ  ęụ g eû Ehcpjositgho  Ofưồ g ti v Ửi Bjsergptgho p.61  pmòo vỬi r ổg  déh omỨof ęgỉu ổg ęễ eõ tmễ mỗg ęỦ sỹ cîom ęiof tmgẸ u. lgỆo emãom xée, Eõ ęủi ęå bẨt tîc ęãem biom dểo lgi ęẸo dẨo òof fgà. tmẹof ęå pmấo  dỗg „déo ęủ of– Òof Fgà. Đ.C… Đ.C… nẩg eõ Ehcpjositgho Emõ tmảt - nåh Ehcpjositgho p.=6 eẹo omẹo - Đg dỘ  tmiy ęỚg fgồ  emõt. Piungj và mƩg tig rổg n ẩg fểg tih vỉ  Nhof ofưồ g ti v ỉ Djiem nåom eòof Nhof Dgem. tée lmée. Rmủ  fà   fà emẸt cà Ehcpjositgho Rrhof omà iom nà Bjsergptgho p.75 tỪg oõ tmjh búg, eég tmủ   eho säu ęj bhẩ  nàc emg dỈ r Ầu oổg eiom emh cẪt eòof! Ẫy cà, tmủ  mểe trô bàg nưof tộo 60

vấg, ci oàh oõ

i mhchsjxu in< i ehwirb 21

Whu

auelgof Iaagxitgho

Rmủ   emõ emẸt Ehcpjositgho

eỦi cày cà béc sỦi dảy vò eòof vgỆe eỦi tih8

mhhb, wmh tmj

2=

:4

19

mjnn irj yhu th tjnn cj cy  dusgojss8 Rmj phngej Ehovjrsgho eiptigo, CeEnusljy, gs i fuy wmh‘s djjo ho tmj tilj vjry mjivy jvjr sgoej mj‘s djjo i  pitrhncio. Chst gcphrtiot Iaagxitgho tmjy fht mgc bhwo is aiffy.

G fht i fhhb khd Ujciotge

sụ .

RmẸ  oàh, tmẹof Uhatjogof l Ẽ eưỜ p, cày ęỌom b ẩy dộ cày ęẪy mỘ 8

p.90:

Hcgssgho

p.906

sthnjo  prhpjrty ieejptgof  drgdjs

Qò e÷of omic Ehcpjositgho omỘ , emệ  tmãem tgỉo và t Ử mổg cỜg vò nãom ęå tiy– „oméc oẶof.

i cinj mhchsjxu in (arhc ohuo aif  ohuo  aif )

Eõ eấ trgỆu nó Ehcpjositgho  Omưof eég emãom Hcgssgho bh, shof nụ g mẩg nà dểo lgi ehg omẪt Ộ  ęgễc tỪg of oõ. tmưồ of oõ vẬo tưỘ of of ęäu tmẹof oày emẸt omét. Cày om Ờ   nà tih Ehcpjositgho Nàc xj tấg eŧof Bjsergptgho

mivj sjx

69

p.992

p.9:9

lmòof ęẸo oỖg réem, eée dà em Ủ dhaagof mhusjwgvjs bểe ęưồ of of nẩg inhof cy rhutj, lmçh emgỉu - eủ   pgelgof up i vgỆe fmç vàh enjir muobrjbtäc tîom cỆt agaty jvjry ofmệ - Ẫy tmẸ cà wjjl. cỖg tuẦo xƩg ofho trąc rưứ g ęẪy. io Gtingio  Oõ oméy Ogoh, Ehcpjositgho RmẸ  oàh, ęổof Uhatjogof Mj sigb, „Mjy, Umhrtjogof pigsio– hr Gtingio- „Ë,tmẹof omà mưƩof Icjrgeio quë .– (arhc  pigsioh) e, tòg s ẳ eõ Ehcpjositgho EmuyỆo vẶt ó Uhatjogof „Rmit‘s inn erip Ehcphuobgo i ergcgoin Đưụ e, bjtign, G eio agx f rjehrb eéem tmu xẸ p emh cà, eég ęõ tmu tmit. Ahrfjt xẸ p eõ lmõ fî eég „sỚ  vàof– idhut tmit eỦi emû dgẸo ęäu. ở omà dąof supjrvgsgho iob nuòo... ęễ  siu ofưồ g ti s ẳ  kust sh tmj diols lmòof dẨt dẼ oày eõ nàc ąo fî lmhấo tgễu sợ who‘t fjt eŧof bỊ. eỦi iom ęäu cà emhhsy G‘nn mivj yjnnhw yhur nh. Ròg s ẳ fgấg ho

14

67

tmj

truel, emiofj

ęiof nàc Ộ  ęäy euộg tuẦo dẨt 9:0 ęò ofho nàom, emệ vgỆe tà tà nég xj, b ểe of eõ quyỉo ęưồ of dẨt dô nẩe nu d÷ ęẪy omç!

64

p.9:4

p.5:=

smjjt punnjb.–

quyẸt emuyỆo tồ  pmgẸu vàof  emh iom.

65