Steel Book

SPECIAL Steel Book

>

Introduction:> Fletcher Easysteel is a division of Fletcher Building Limited. The company prides itself on its position as a leading steel distributor in New Zealand providing a comprehensive range of products and services to meet the needs of this market. The Special Steel Book is a directory of products and services available from Fletcher Easysteel and is provided as a guide to assist customers when determining their requirements. It is by no means an exhaustive list of the company’s service portfolio. For in this dynamic environment, operating within a more prevalent global economy, the range of products and services that Fletcher Easysteel offers is ever changing.

The Special Steel Book is an indication of the company’s commitment to informing customers of what is available from your steel supplier. Supplementary product catalogues are;

• Structural Steel Properties and Design Charts Catalogue • Pipe and Pipe Fittings Catalogue • The Steel Book

Every care has been taken by staff in producing this catalogue. Fletcher Easysteel has endeavoured to ensure accuracy of the information contained herein, however Fletcher Easysteel cannot and does not accept responsibility for any loss or damage sustained by any party through use of this information.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 2

Introduction:> Quality Fletcher Easysteel continues to maintain a strong commitment to the principles which have become total quality management. This results in minimum waste, improved efficiencies and a service promise which meets customer requirements. Fletcher Easysteel has a philosophy of continuous improvement in all areas of its business.

Technical Advice Fletcher Easysteel provides technical expertise on all products and services it markets. Specialist advice is available on product properties, product selection and specific end use application. Any advice given should subsequently be authorised by a qualified engineer.

Information Systems Fletcher Easysteel operates an ERP system across its business. This includes handling front-line customer enquiries and orders, to back-office automatic stock replenishment in line with customer forecasts. Supporting this is a forecasting system which captures historic sales information, combining it with future market intelligence to provide the best possible forecast. This enables us to have the right product on hand at the right time to meet customer requirements and to ensure excellent service for our customers. Fletcher Easysteel is continually researching the new opportunities information technology offers in making business easier with customers and suppliers alike.

Suppliers Fletcher Easysteel has a centrally based supply chain which leverages its strong relationship with suppliers to provide highly competitive offers to its customers. These offers are sourced globally from quality steel mills and suppliers which enables its customers to compete in both domestic and export markets.

Health & Safety At Fletcher Easysteel, our safety goal is zero harm. Health and Safety is our highest priority, not only for all employees, but also for our customers, suppliers, contractors and visitors. We take a pro-active approach in regards to Health & Safety and Environment, and we are continually developing and implementing systems to ensure our workplace is a safe one. At Fletcher Easysteel, everyone is responsible for ensuring that we are working in a safe manner -

Because we want to . . . not because we have to!

Fletcher Easysteel Page 3

Contents:> Introduction

2

Brand Equivalents Chart

6

Mild Steel Mild Steel Engineering Rounds Bright Commercial Quality Bar AISI 1018/1020 Bright Commercial Quality Flats AISI 1018/1020

8 9 10 11

Bright Free Cutting Bright Fee Cutting Bar AISI 1214/1215 Bright Leaded Bar AISI 12L14/12L15

12 13 14

Engineering Steels 15 Medium Tensile Steel 1040/45 16 High Tensile Steel AISI 4140 18 High Tensile Steel AISI 4340 20 High Tensile Steel AISI P20 22 High Tensile Steel (2767) 23 Carburising Steel En36A, EN39B 24 Phosphor Bronze LG2 26 Grades and stocked size summery 27 Forms of Supply and Machining Allowances 28 Cast Iron & Hollow Bar Cast Iron 4E Cast iron 3D Hollow Bar

29 30 31 32

Hydraulic Steels Hard Chrome Bar Hydraulic Cylinder Tube

34 35 36

Cold Work Tool Steels D2 (2379) A2 (2363)

37 40 42

Hot Work Steels H13 (2344)

45 46

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Contents:> Plastic Mould Steels 48 Aluminium Tooling Plate 53 P20 (2311) 54 2767 56 Gauge Plate Gauge Plate Key Steel Silver Steel

59 60 62 63

Plate 64 Boiler Quality Plate 65 Wear Resistant Plate Grade 66 High Strength Plate 67 Structural Steel Plate Comparisons 68 Boiler Quality Plate Comparisons 69 Welding Products 71 General Purpose Electrodes 72 Consumables 75 Cutting and Grinding Discs 76 Service Centres, Metal Processing Service Centres Plate Processing Metal Processing

81 82 83 84

Appendix 85 Size Tolerances to ASTM A29 86 Straightness Tolerances to ASTM A29 89 ISO Tolerances 90 Machining Allowances 91 Useful Tables Weights - Kg/Metre 92 Approx. Comparison of Tensile Strength 93 Approx. Equivalent of Hardness and Tensile 94 Conversion Calculations 95 Indent 96

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Brand Equivalents Chart:> Tool & Alloy Steels

Mild Steel

Medium /High Tensile

Case Hardening Cold Work

EasySteel Shortname

AISI

BS 970 En

BS 970 New

Japan JIS-G

BCQ 1018/1020 BFC 1214/1215 BLB 12L14/12L15

1018/1020 1214/1215 12L14/12L15

EN3B EN1A EN1A Pb

070M20 230M07 230M07Pb

4051-S20C 4804-Sum23/25 4804-Sum23L

MT x 1040/45 HT x 4140 HT x 4340 HT x En25 MHTF x 2767

1040/45 4140 4340

En8 En19 En24 En25 En30B

080M40 708M40 817M40 823M30 835M30

4051-S40C 4105-SCM440 4103-SNCM439 4103-SNCM628

6580 Thyrodur 2767

CASE x En36A CASE x En39B

3310

En36A En39B

665M13 835M15

4102-SNC815 4103-SNCM815

6587 Thyroplast 2764

SuperImpacto

D2 A2 01

D2 A2 01

BS4659 BD2 BA2 BO1

4404-SKD11 4404-SKD12 4404-SKS3

Thyrodur 2379 Thyrodur 2363 Thyrodur 2510

FNS Cromoly Keewatin

835M30

4103-SNCM628

Thyrodur 2767

AHT28

420S45 835M30

SUS42 J1 4103-SNCM628

Thyroplast 2311 Thyroplast 2738 Thyroplast 2312 Thyroplast 2083 Thyrodur 2767

Ultimo 200 420PQ AHT28

MLDH/MHTF x 2767

Plastic Mould

Hot Work

MLDF x PDS5 MOLD/MLDF x 2311 MOLD/MLDF 2738 MLDF x 2312 PQ x 2083 MLDH/MHTF x 2767

P20 P20+Ni P20+S 420

En31 En30B

En30B

Thyssen

7225

Atlas

CM SPS Ultimo 200/4 AHT28

HOT HOTF

H13

BS4659 BH13

4404-SKD61

Thyrotherm 2344

Crovan

Shock Resisting

S1

S1

BS4659 BS1

4404-SKS41

Thyrotherm 2550

Falcon 6

High Speed

M2

M2

BS4659 BM2

4404-SKH9

Thyrapid 3343

SIXIX

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Brand Equivalents Chart:>

Balfour Rochling

Hitachi

VEW

Bohler

Assab

Comsteel

1040/45 SD19 SD50/Monix15

V320 V155

V945 VCL140 VCN150

SD12/RABW

V110

Plasmould

05 R16 R4 R2

SD51

E200 E204

ES Special PPA

Q5 R10

K105 K305 K460

Special KNL Special K5 Amutut S

K600

NWM

M210

Starmould

M310 V110

WKW4 Plasmould

SC25/RCC Supra RSD13/RKCM TOH/RUS3

SLD SCD SGT

SD12/RABW MPM2 PMS/Moulrex A SD12/RABW

XW-41 XW-10 DF2

Aidi-150

718

CSM2

Holdax Stavax

ADIC/RD2V

DAC

W302

US Ultra 2

8407

SCX15/00/RTWK

YSR

K450

My Extra

M4

Giantm5/Capital562

YXMI

S600

SREMo

ASP41

Ketos M5 R2

420MFQ R2

Werkstoff

Kurz-Name

1.0402 1.0715 1.0718

c22 9 SMn 28 9 SMn 28 Pb

1.1186 1.7225 1.6565 1.6743 1.6747

CK40 42 CrMo4 40 CrNiMo6 32 NiCrMo10 4 30 NiCrMo16 6

1.6723

15 NiCrMo16 5

1.3505 1.6747

155 CrVMo 12 1 100 CrMoV 5 1 1 100MnCrW 4 100 Cr 6 30 NiCrMo 16 6

1.6747

40 CrMnMo 7 40 CrMnNiMo 8 6 4 40 CrMnMoS 8 6 42 Cr 13 30 NiCrMo 16 6

Nu-Die V

40 CrMoV 5 1 40 CrMoV 5 1 60 WCrv 7 60 WCrv 7 1.1003

Dmo 5

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Mild Steels:>

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Mild Steels:> Mild Steel Engineering Rounds Product Shortname: PB30, PB50, ER Specifications: NZ/Australia AS 3679-300

UK Japan/Korea

Size Designations: Mass per Metre By diameter Metres per Tonne

AS/NZS 4671-300 AS/NZS 4671-500 BS 4360-43A JIS G3101-SS400 JIS G4051-S20 JIS G4051-S25C

= (Diameter D (mm))2 x 0.006165 = 1000 kg/m

D

= kg/m = metres

Size Range Available: Size (mm)

Mass per Metre (kg/m)

Size (mm)

Mass per Metre (kg/m)

Size (mm)

Mass per Metre (kg/m)

24 25 28 32

3.551 3.853 4.834 6.313

65 70 75 80

26.050 30.210 34.680 39.460

150 160 200

138.700 157.800 246.600

Available on indent Standard stock length is 6 metres. Engineering rounds can be cut to length on request. Straightness Tolerance The standards have a straightness tolerance of 3mm per metre. A large range is stocked in grade 1045

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Mild Steels:> Bright Commercial Quality Rounds Product Shortname: BCQI, BCQM Specifications: AISI 1018/1020

BS970 070M20 EN 3B JIS G 4051 S20C

Tolerances: H10 Typical UTS Yield: UTS = 490 Yield= 370 Typical Analysis:

C 0.15/0.23%



Mn 0.3/0.9%

S & P 0.05% max.

Colour Code: Green Characteristics: In comparison to normal hot rolled bars, a cold finished product gives tighter sectional tolerances,

improved straightness, and a clean scale free surface. Advantages to the user being that material can be brought closer to the finished machine size and thus reduce machining costs. It minimises costly straightening operations and is more easily machined. Another benefit derived from the cold rolling/drawing operation is a marked increase in physical strength over a hot rolled bar of the same section.

Applications: Easily fabricated and welded. Used for all engineering parts, machine building and furniture. Suitable for coated applications. Size Range: Rounds - Imperial (inches) 3/16

1 4

/

5 16

/

3 8

/

7 16

/

1 2

/

9 16

/

5 8

/

3 4

/

7 8

1

11/8

1 1/4

1 3/8

1 1/2

13/4

2

2 1/4

2 1/2

3

3 1/2

4

5

6



/

Rounds - Metric (mm)

6

8

10

12

16

20

24

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

In rounds, under 1/2” dia (except 10 & 12mm) available in 3.5 metre lengths. All others available in 5.75 metre lengths or customer specific lengths. Fletcher Easysteel offers a cut to length service operation.

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Mild Steels:> Bright Commercial Quality Flats Product Shortname: BFI, BFM Specifications: AISI 1018/1020





BS970 070M20 EN 3B JIS G 4051 S20C

Tolerances: To ASTM A29-03 (A108-99)





Straightness 1:600 over total bar length

Typical UTS Yield: UTS = 490 Yield= 370 Typical Analysis:

C 0.15/0.23%



Mn 0.3/0.9%

S & P 0.05% max.

Colour Code: Green Characteristics: In comparison to normal hot rolled bars, this cold finished product gives tighter sectional tolerances, improved straightness, and a clean scale free surface. Advantages to the user being that the material can be brought closer to the finished machine size and thus reduce machining costs. It minimises costly straightening operations and is more easily machined. Another benefit derived from the cold rolling/drawing operation is a marked increase in physical strength over a hot rolled bar of the same section.

Applications: Easily fabricated and welded. Used for all engineering parts, machine building and furniture. Suitable for coated applications. Size Range: Flats - Imperial (inches) 1/2

x 1/8

3/4

1 3/4 x 5/8

x 3/8

1 x 1/2

1 1/4 x 3/16

1 1/4 x 1/4

1 1/2 x 5/16

2 x 1/2

2 x 3/4

2x1

3x2

8x1

11/2 x 1/2

Squares - Imperial (inches) /2

1

/4

3

1

1 1/8

11/4

1 1/2

2

2 1/2

3

Flats - Metric (mm) 12 x 6

16 x 3

16 x 5

20 x 3

20 x 5

20 x 6

20 x 7

20 x 10

25 x 3

25 x 5

25 x 6

25 x 10

30 x 10

32 x 5

32 x 6

40 x 5

40 x 7

40 x 10

40 x 25

40 x 30

50 x 3

50 x 5

50 x 10

50 x 12

50 x 16

50 x 20

50 x 25

60 x 10

75 x 6

75 x 7

75 x 10

75 x 12

75 x 20

75 x 25

100 x 10

100 x 12

100 x 25

130 x 20

150 x 12

150 x 20

150 x 25

200 x 20 Squares - Metric (mm)

10 25 40 Fletcher Easysteel Page 11 Standard length for flats is 3.5 metres. Fletcher Easysteel offers a cut to length service operation.

Bright Free Cutting:>

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Bright Free Cutting:> Bright Free Cutting Bar Product Shortname: BFCI, BFCM, BFCF, BFCH (Flat/Sq) Specifications: AISI 1214/1215



BS 970 230MO7

Tolerances: Supplied Cold Drawn to H10 Typical Analysis: C AISI 1214 AISI 1215





0.15% max. 0.09% max.

Mn

P

S

0.8/1.2% 0.75/1.05%

0.04/0.09% 0.04/0.09%

0.25/0.35% 0.26/0.35%

Typical UTS Yield: UTS = 430 Yield= 340 Colour Code: Orange - Metric

Red - Imperial

Characteristics: Bright free cutting bar is available in round, square and hexagonal sections and gives the same

benefits as bright commercial quality in terms of good sectional tolerance, straightness and increased physical properties. The major benefit is from the combination of manganese and sulphur in the steel. These elements form manganese sulphide inclusions which effectively act as ‘chip breakers’ during machining and allow this grade to be machined at much higher speeds with no adverse effect on tool life. Can be welded using specialised procedures and electrodes.

Applications: Manufacturing applications where extensive machining is involved, i.e., nuts, bolts, studs, etc. or any other application involving high speed automatic machining operations.

Size Range: Rounds - Imperial (inches) /4

/8

1

1 /4 1

3

/2

5

/8

3

2

2 /4

2 /2

1

1 /2 1

/4

1

/8

1

1 1/8

3

3 /2

4

7

1

1

Rounds - Metric (mm) 6

8

10

12

16

20

25

30

40

45

50

60

65

80

90

100

35

Flats, squares and round’s also available on an indent basis. *Leaded (12L14) bars also available on an indent basis.

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Mild Steels:> Bright Leaded Bar Product Shortname: BLBI, BLBM, BLBH (Flat/Sq) Specifications: AISI 12L14/12L15



BS 970 230MO7Pb

Tolerances: H11 (hex)

Typical Analysis: C 0.15% max.

Mn P S Si Pb 0.8/1.2% 0.04/0.09% 0.25/0.35% 0.10%max 0.15/0.35%

Typical UTS Yield: UTS = 430 Yield= 340 Colour Code: Brown - Metric

Blue - Imperial

Characteristics: A premium grade of free cutting bar, similar to 1214/1215, with the addition of lead, it is widely used in repetitive manufacturing. The added lead enables excellent machinability but also makes it more difficult to weld.

Applications: Brake components, gear box components, hydraulic fittings. Size Range: Hex - Imperial (inches) /16

3

/8

/8

1

5 7

/16

1

1 /8

1 /4

7

1

/2

1

/16

9

1 /8 3

/8

/4

5

3

1 /2 1

Hex - Metric (mm) 16

17

Flats, squares and round’s also available on an indent basis.

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38

Engineering Steels:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 15

Medium Tensile Steel:> Medium Tensile Steel 1040/45 Product Shortname: MTI, MTM Specifications: JIS G4051 S40C

JIS G4051 S45C BS EN8

Tolerances: CD Bar: H10 Typical Analysis:

C Mn Si S&P 0.40% 0.6/0.9% 0.35% max. 0.050 max.



Mechanical Properties:

Colour Code:

UTS approx 600MPa Yield approx 450MPa

Yellow

Characteristics:

AISI 1040/45 is a medium carbon medium tensile steel with improved strength over mild steel. Supplied in black or cold drawn condition it is easily machineable and is generally used in the as supplied condition. It can be readily flame or induction hardened to approximately 58 Rockwell ‘C’.

Applications: All general engineering applications requiring a higher strength than mild steel such as shafts, axles, bolts, etc. Size Range: Rounds (cold drawn) Imperial (inches)

Rounds (cold drawn) Metric (mm)

Rounds (Black) Metric (mm)

5/16

3/8

7/16

10

12

16

40

45

50

60

65

1/2

9/16

5/8

20

25

30

70

75

80

90

100

3/4

7/8

1

35

40

45

105

110

120

130

140

1 1/4

1 3/8

1 1/2

50

55

60

150

160

170

180

190

1 3/4

2

2 1/4

65

70

75

200

210

220

230

240

2 1/2

3

3 1/2

80

90

100

250

260

280

290

300

110

115

120

310

320

340

370

400

4

130

420

Before ordering black material, note comments on machining allowances (Refer to page 28).

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Medium Tensile Steel:> Medium Tensile Steel AISI 1040/45 Heat Treatment Procedures: AISI 1040 is available in either cold drawn or hot rolled condition. The cold finishing process of ‘drawing’ does slightly improve the mechanical properties over those of a hot rolled bar. However, thermal treatments must be employed if higher mechanical properties are required. AISI 1040 is suitable for surface hardening by flame or induction methods. Hardness and tensile strength may also be further increased by conventional quenching and tempering though the results are somewhat sensitive to the materials section size (see tempering diagrams).

Tempering 200-650OC Flame/Induction 870-900OC

Cool slowly in furnace at not more than 65OC/hr. Air cool. Holding time in furnace should be 10mins/cm of ruling section followed by oil or water quenching. Temperature depends on required hardness (see tempering diagrams). Tempering should be carried out ‘immediately’ after quenching. The tempering time being at least 1 hour per 25mm of section. Heating should be rapid in order to localise the heating effect to the surface of the bar. Quench immediately into oil or water. Temper immediately at 150-200OC for maximum surface hardness. Surface hardness obtainable 56-60 HRC.

Tempering Diagram: TS1 N/mm2

Tempering Diagram: TS1 N/mm2

160

90 1400

140

78 1200

120

65 1000

100

500

%

kp/mm2

103 1600

Hardness, Brinell

Test specimen 14mm O quenched in oil from 860OC

50

Test specimen 50mm O quenched in oil from 860OC

103 1600

160

90 1400

140

78 1200

120 100

500

65 1000

%

kp/mm2

Annealing 830-860OC Normalising 830-860OC Hardening 830-860OC

Remarks:

Hardness, Brinell

Thermal Temperature Process: Range:

50

52 800 80

80 400 40

52 800 80

80 400 40

39 600 660

60 300 30

39 600 660

60 300 30

26 400 40

40 200 20

26 400 40

40 200 20

13 200 20

20 100 10

13 200 20

20 100 10

0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0 100 700

0

200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC

0 0

0

Fletcher Easysteel Page 17

High Tensile Steel:> High Tensile Steel AISI 4140 Product Shortname: HTI, HTM, HTHX, HTGI, HTGM Rounds Supplied Black, Cold Drawn or Ground Specifications: AISI 4140

JIS G 4105 SCM440 EN19 42CrMo 4

Tolerances: CD Bar: H10



CG Bar: All sizes to H8

Typical Analysis:

C Mn Cr Mo 0.40% 0.8% 0.95% 0.25% Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 850 - 1000MPa Yield approx 700 - 900MPa Colour Code: White

Characteristics:

AISI 4140 quality is supplied in the heat treated condition with an ultimate tensile strength in the range 850-1000MPa, although with further heat treatment tensile strengths of 1150MPa can be obtained on sections up to 100mm (4”). In the “as supplied”, heat treated condition this grade is used for a wide range of shafting and high tensile applications, it possesses excellent toughness and is readily machineable. 4140 grade can also be nitrided to approximately 60 Rockwell ‘C’ surface hardness or alternatively flame or induction hardened to approximately 58HRC surface hardness.

Applications:

Medium to heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, rods, spindles, crow bars, nuts, etc.

Size Range: Rounds (cold drawn) Metric (mm) 10

12

16

20

25

30

35

60

65

70

75

80

90

100

40

45

50

55

20

24

30

40

45

50

60

65

70

75

80

Rounds (black) Metric (mm) 90

100

105

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

240

250

260

270

280

300

320

340

360

400

420

20

25

30

35

55

60

65

70

75

80

90

100

Ground Metric (mm) 40

See over page for Hexagon and imperial sizes and ranges. Fletcher Easysteel Page 18

45

50

High Tensile Steel:> High Tensile Steel AISI 4140 Hexagon (cold drawn & HT) Imperial (inches) 5/8 AF

3/4 AF

7/8 AF

1 AF

1 1/8 AF

1 1/4 AF

1 1/2 AF

1 3/4 AF

2 AF

1 1/8

1 1/4

1 1/2

1 3/4

2

2 1/4

Rounds (cold drawn) Imperial (inches) 3/8

1/2

5/8

3/4

7/8

1

1 3/4

2

2 1/4

2 1/2

3

4

5/8

1

1

1/8

1/4

2 1/2

3

3 1/2

Ground Imperial (inches) 1

1 3/8

1 1/2

4

Heat Treatment Procedures: Although AISI 4140 is supplied in the already heat treated condition at a tensile strength of 850-1000MPa, there will inevitably be certain applications where a higher strength is required or where a higher surface hardness is needed to withstand abrasion. The following recommendations are intended as a guide to further thermal treatments. Note: Before any further ‘through hardening’ treatments are carried out the material should first be annealed. Annealing 850-880OC Normalising 850-880OC Hardening 850-880OC Tempering 200-650OC Flame/Induction 870-900OC Hardening

Remarks: Cool slowly in furnace at not more than 65OC/hr. Air cool. Holding time in furnace should be 10mins/cm of ruling section followed by oil or water quenching. Temperature depends on required hardness (see tempering diagrams). Tempering should be carried out immediately after quenching. The tempering time being at least 1 hour per 25mm of section. Heating should be rapid in order to localise the heating effect to the surface of the bar. Quench immediately into oil or water. Temper immediately at 150-200OC for maximum surface hardness obtainable 54-60 HRC.

Tempering Diagram: TS1 N/mm2 130 2000

Tempering Diagram:

Test specimen 35mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200

TS1 N/mm2 130 2000

Test specimen 100mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200

180

115 1800

180

103 1600

160

103 1600

160

90 1400

140

90 1400

140

78 1200

120

65 1000

kp/mm2

115 1800

100

%

78 1200 100

65 1000

kp/mm2

Thermal Temperature Process: Range:

120 100

%

100

52 800 80

80 80

52 800 80

80 80

39 600 60

60 60

39 600 60

60 60

26 400 40

40 40

26 400 40

40 40

13 200 20

20 20

13 200 20

0 0

0 0 0 100 700

0 0 0 100 700

200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC

20 20 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC

0 0

Fletcher Easysteel Page 19

High Tensile Steel:> High Tensile Steel AISI 4340 Product Shortname: HTI, HTM, HTGI, HTGM Rounds Supplied Black and Centreless Ground Specifications: AISI 4340 JIS G 4103 SNCM439 EN24 40CrNiMo6

Tolerances: CG Bar: All sizes to H8 Typical Analysis:

C Mn Ni Cr Mo 0.4% 0.7% 1.85% 0.8% 0.25% Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 950 - 1100MPa Yield approx 680 - 750MPa

Colour Code:

Black

Characteristics:

AISI 4340 is supplied in the heat treated condition with a tensile strength in the range 950-1100MPa. This grade has a high hardenability enabling it to be used for high tensile applications in large sections. AISI 4340 can be flame or induction hardened to produce a surface hardness of approximately 58 HRC.

Applications: High strength machine parts, collets, spindles, high tensile bolts and studs, gears, pinions, axle shafts, tappets, crankshafts, connecting rods, arbors, etc. Centreless Ground can be used where tight tolerances, e.g. bearing fits, are required whilst at the same time having the high tensile strength. Size Range: Rounds (black) Metric (mm) 25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

90

100

105

110

120

130

140

150

160

180

200

210

220

250

280

300

320

340

380

400

420

Rounds (centreless ground) Metric (mm) 20

25

30

35

40

45

50

60

65

70

75

80

90

100

Rounds (centreless ground) Imperial (inches) 2

2 1/4

2 1/2

Before ordering black material please note comments on machining allowances. (Refer page 28.)

Fletcher Easysteel Page 20

3

High Tensile Steel:> High Tensile Steel AISI 4340 Heat Treatment Procedures: As with AISI 4140, AISI 4340 is also supplied in the heat treated condition but to the higher strength level of 950-1100MPa. If higher tensile strengths are required, or if a higher level of surface hardness is desirable, this can be achieved by the thermal treatments outlined below. Note: Before any further ‘through hardening’ treatments are carried out, the material should first be annealed.

Annealing 820-860 C Normalising 820-860OC Hardening 820-860OC O

Tempering 200-650OC Flame/Induction 850-880OC

Remarks: Cool slowly in furnace at not more than 65OC/hr. Air cool. Holding time in furnace should be 10mins/cm of ruling section followed by oil quenching. Temperature depends on required hardness (see tempering diagrams). Tempering should be carried out immediately after quenching. The tempering time being at least 1 hour per 25mm of section. Heating should be rapid in order to localise the heating effect to the surface of the bar. Quench immediately into oil. Temper immediately at 150-200OC. Surface hardness obtainable 56-60 HRC.

Tempering Diagram:

Tempering Diagram:

Test specimen 35mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200

TS1 N/mm2 130 2000

115 1800

180

115 1800

180

103 1600

160

103 1600

160

90 1400

140

90 1400

140

78 1200

120

kp/mm2

TS1 N/mm2 130 2000

78 1200

120

65 1000

100

%

100

65 1000

Test specimen 100mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200

kp/mm2

Thermal Temperature Process: Range:

100

%

100

52 800 80

80 80

52 800 80

80 80

39 600 60

60 60

39 600 60

60 60

26 400 40

40 40

26 400 40

40 40

13 200 20

20 20

13 200 20

20 20

0 0

0 0 0 100 700

0 0 0 100 700

200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC

200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC

0 0

Fletcher Easysteel Page 21

High Tensile Steel:> High Tensile Steel AISI P20 Product Shortname: MOLD, MLDF (Flat) Supplied Hardened, Tempered and Stress Relieved Supplied Black or Premachined Flats, Squares and Rounds Specifications: AISI P20

DIN 1.2311/1.2738

Typical Analysis: C Mn Cr Mo Ni (2738) 0.40% 1.5% 1.9% 0.2% 1.0% Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 950-1100MPa

Colour Code:

2311 Red 2312 Red/White 2738 Red/Yellow

Characteristics:

Although predominantly used in tooling applications in the plastic mould industry, these steels are also suited for use in applications where a high tensile strength is the prime requirement. These steels are supplied in the hardened and tempered condition with a tensile strength of 950-1100MPa. Further heat-treatment can produce tensile strength of 1400MPa in sections up to 100mm (4”) and 1200MPa in sections as large as 200mm (8”). In the as-supplied heat-treated condition this grade possesses excellent toughness and endurance strength and is therefore also ideally suited for high tensile applications such as heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, etc. It may be nitrided to produce a surface hardness of 60 Rockwell ‘C’ and flame or induction hardened to 58 Rockwell ‘C’.

Applications: Size Range:

High tensile applications such as heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, etc.

Rounds - Metric (mm) 25

35

45

50

65

80

90

100

110



Flats (mm) 25

35

Metric - Flats (mm)

45

50

We can cross cut to your specific requirements.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 22

70

75

80

100

130

150

200

High Tensile Steel:> High Tensile Steel DIN 1.2767 Product Shortname: MLDH, MHTF (Flat) Rounds and Flats supplied Annealed Specifications: En30B types Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 770-930MPa Typical Analysis:





Colour Code:

C Cr Mo Ni 0.45% 1.4% 0.3% 4.0%

Grey/Purple

Characteristics:

DIN 2767 is supplied in the annealed condition, but is capable of being hardened to a tensile strength in excess of 1500MPa and is therefore ideal for applications where ultra high tensile strengths are required. The chemical make-up of this steel enables it to be air hardened or ‘vacuum hardened’ with a minimum of distortion. DIN 2767 also displays excellent polishability and high toughness and can be successfully carburised.

Applications: After heat treatment this grade is used for applications involving high tensile strengths in conjunction with extremely good toughness used where the strength of 4340 is not sufficient, such as shafts, axles, gears, etc. Can also be used for gears requiring shock resistance. Size Range: Rounds - Metric (mm) 16

20.5

25

30

35.8

40

50

96

111.5



Heat Treatment Procedures: Hot Forming: Hot forming OC Cooling 1050-850

slow, e.g. in furnace

Heat Treatment: Soft annealing OC

Cooling

Hardness HB

610-650

furnace

max. 260

Hardening from OC in

Hardness after quenching HRC

840-870 oil, air or hot bath 56 180-220OC Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 500 600 HRC 56 54 50 46 42 38

Fletcher Easysteel Page 23

Case Hardening Steel:> Carburising Steel En36A, En39B Product Shortname: CASE Products supplied Annealed Specifications: En36A - AISI 3310 En39B - AISI 9310 - BS665 A12 - BS835 M15 - JIS 94102 SNCM220 - JIS 94102 SNCM815

Typical Analysis: C Mn Si Ni Cr En36A 0.15% 0.5% 0.2% 3.25%, 0.85% C Mn Si Ni Cr Mo En39B 0.15% 0.5% 0.2% 4.2% 0.85% 0.2% Colour Code: En36A - Yellow/Brown En39B - Orange/Brown Characteristics:

Case hardening steels with high core strengths. En39B has the higher core strength and toughness after heat treatment. In addition to case hardening both grades are also used in the through hardened condition for high tensile applications. Supplied in the annealed state, approx 269 HB.

Applications: Components requiring good wear resistance and a tough core, i.e. carburised splined shafts, piston pins, camshafts, guide pins. Size Range: En36A Rounds - Metric (mm) 22

25

33

40

50

55

60

70

75

80

90

100

105

120

140

150

170

180

200

210

220

260

310

25

33

40

45

50

55

60

70

75

80

90

100

105

120

130

140

150

160

180

185

200

210

220

240

260

300

310

320

350



En39B Rounds - Metric (mm)

Fletcher Easysteel Service Centres have the ability to cut to your specific requirements.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 24

Case Hardening Steel:> Carburising Steel En36A, En39B Thermal Temperature Process: Range:

Remarks:

Annealing 820-860ºC Carburising 880-930ºC

For 1 hour per 25mm of section, slow furnace cool at no more than 65OC/hour.

The following table indicates approximate case depths achievable: Time in hours at the stated carburising temperature to produce the given case-depth

Case Depth

880OC

900OC

925OC

(inches)

Solid

Gas

Solid

Salt

Gas

Solid

Gas

0.01

1.5

0.65

1.2

0.6

0.45

0.8

0.35

0.02

2.4

2.0

2.1

1.8

1.5

1.7

1.0

0.03

6.0

4.5

4.4

4.0

3.2

2.7

2.25

0.04

10.7

8.0

7.8

7.2

5.25

4.8

4.0

0.06

24.0

18.0

17.6

16.0

12.0

10.8

9.0

0.08

43.0

32.0

31.2

-

21.0

19.2

16.0

0.10

67.0

50.0

52.0

-

33.0

30.0

25.0

Post Carburising Treatments: Treatment ‘A’

(Direct oil quench)

Treatment ‘B’

(For maximum dimensional stability)

Oil quench direct from Air cool direct from carburising carburising temperature and temperature and temper at 200OC temper at 200OC for 1 hour for 1 hour per 25mm of section. per 25mm of section.

Treatment ‘C’ (Single refine)

Air cool from carburising temperature. Reheat to 850-880OC and oil quench. Temper at 200OC for 1 hour per 25mm of section.

Note: For most applications treatment ‘C’ would be the recommended procedure. Typical Results:

Case hardness up to 64 HRC. Core strength up to 1300MPa tensile.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 25

Phosphor Bronze:> Phosphor Bronze LG2 Product Shortname: BZHB, BZR Specifications: BS 1400 LG2





Typical Analysis:

SAE 40 JIS H5111-BC6 DIN 1705-RG5 AS 1565 83600 ASTM A505 & B271-83600 ISO 1338-CuPb5Sn52n5

Cu Sn Zn Pb P 85% 5% 5% 5.0% 0.05%

Characteristics:

Phosphor bronze LG2 (leaded gunmetal) is the common general purpose bearing grade particularly for general resistance to pick up or sticking with ferrous material in slow or medium friction applications. Its excellent machineability, and freedom from gas and porosity enable complicated parts to be made. E xcellent resistance to general corrosion.

Applications: Bushes and bearings in equipment, irrigation, bearing rings, hydraulic control equipment, hydraulic ram components, crank gears, valve seats, wear rings. Size Range: All standard sizes in round (solids) from 25.5mm - 101mm All standard sizes in cored hollow bar from 1” x 1/2” to 4” x 3.5” (Other sizes on application) Typical Mechanical Properties UTS

Yield

Elongation

Hardness

Centrifugally Cast

270Mpa

120Mpa

20%

75BHN

Continuous Cast

300Mpa

120Mpa

20%

75BHN

Welding: Suitable for being joined by soldering and brazing.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 26

Oxyacetylene welding not recommended.

Engineering Steels Dia. INCHES 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 METRIC 10 12 16 20 24 25 30 33 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 90 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 185 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 340 350 360 370 380 400 420

MEDIUM TENSILE 1040 BLK 1040 CD BLK

4140 CD CG

BLK

4340 CASE CG EN36A EN39B



• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •



• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • •



• • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ` • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •























• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • •



• • • •





• • •

















• •

•

•

•

• • • •

• • • • •

• • • • • •

• • • • • •

• • • • •

• • • • • • •

• • •

• • •



•

•

•

•

• • •





•

Engineering Steels:> Forms of Supply & Machining Allowances Our suppliers endeavour to meet the requirements of the market at all times. Apart from the black condition they can offer tool steels in the premachined condition, which presents economic advantage in many cases. The production programmes are subdivided into the following product groups: • black condition • premachined tool steels • precision-machined tool steels Current market analysis guarantees the consumer optimum stock in all common steel grades and sizes, annealed or heattreated with the necessary working strength or hardness. The machined bars offer the customer the following advantages: • no loading and soiling of the machines by rough machining • flexible and improved time schedule • ready-made for further processing, consequently shortening of tool production time • significant reduction of the manufacturing costs • indirect extension of capacity without further investment • allocation of preliminary work to the tool steel supplier, thus freeing the toolmakers for other skilled work

Black condition

Material is produced under consideration of the common machining allowances indicated in DIN 17350, part 10 (draft 6/83). When manufacturing tools sufficient allowance must be made for machining to remove scale which originated during forging, rolling and annealing as well as decarburization and sometimes surface imperfections.

Premachined Tool Steels

Premachined tool steels offer to the user a smooth surface with machining allowances already strongly narrowed down. The advantages of a premachined surface can be seen from the diagram shown on page 91. Depending on size 7 to 10% of the weight can be saved.

Basic sizes and pertinent largest finished sizes for rolled or forged round, square, hexagonal and octagonal bars. Largest Finished Size Thickness DR*

Basic Size Thickness DR*

Largest Finished Size Thickness DR*

Basic Size Thickness DR*

Largest Finished Size Thickness DR*

Basic Size Thickness DR*

Largest Finished Size Thickness DR*

10

8

45

41.5

120

113

240

228

12

10

50

46

130

123

250

237

14

12

55

51

140

132

260

247

15

12.5

60

55.5

150

142

300

285

16

13.5

65

60.5

160

151

350

333

18

15.5

70

65

170

161

400

380

20

17.5

75

70

180

170

450

428

22

19.5

80

75

190

180

500

476

25

22.5

85

80

200

189

600

571

30

27

90

84

210

199

35

32

100

94

220

209

40

36.5

110

103

230

218

Basic Size Thickness DR*

Cast Iron & Hollow Bar:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 29

Cast Iron:> Cast Iron-Grey Iron 4E Product Shortname: CI Specifications: ASTM A.48

BS 1452 AS 1830 DIN 1691 JIS FC

Classes 35-40 Grade 17 T 250 GG35 25

Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 220-260MPa Colour Code:

Gold



Characteristics:

A continuously cast bar with a uniform partial pearlitic structure from surface to core. Ideally suited to high speed machining and provides significantly longer tool life.

Applications:

Pistons, bearings, manifolds, brushings, gears, pulleys etc

Size Range: Grey Iron - Metric (mm) 35

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

90

95

100

105

110

120

130

140

150

160

180

185

200

220

250

285

310

360

420 *Other sizes, grades, squares, flats, hollow bar and profiles also available on indent

Fletcher Easysteel Page 30

Cast Iron:> Cast Iron-SG Iron 3D Product Shortname: CI Specifications: ASTM A.536

BS 2789 AS 1831 DIN 1693 JIS Fc

65-45-12 SNG 27/12 400-250-12 GGG 40 D45

Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 415MPa Colour Code:

Gold/White



Characteristics:

A higher strength cast bar due to the spheroidal or nodular nature of the graphite (as opposed to the flake structure of Grey Iron). A ductile and easily machined material.

Applications: Products requiring corrosion resistant and shock resistance. Pump bodies, glass moulds, sprockets, heavy duty gears and motors, etc. Size Range: SG Iron - Metric (mm) 55

60

65

70

80

90

95

100

105

110

120

130

140

150

155

160

180

190

200

220

240

260 285 310 360 *Other sizes, grades, squares, flats, hollow bar and profiles also available on indent

Fletcher Easysteel Page 31

Hollow Bar:> Hollow Bar Mecaplus 470 Product Shortname: HB Proprietary Material - Condition as rolled Typical Analysis:

C Si Mn P S Al 0.16-0.22 0.10-0.50 1.30-1.70 ≤0.030 0.015-0.050 ≥0.010





Colour Code:

Nb V Ti ≤0.07 0.08-0.15 -

147M - Orange / 470M - Purple

Mecaplus 470 is a seamless hot finished hollow bar. EN 10294-1 now for the first time includes a machinability minimum, which Mecaplus 470 not only meets but exceeds, giving longer tool life, increased cutting speed and better swarf fragmentation. Description: It is produced to EN10294-1, which prescribes that the descibed size is a gauranteed cleaned turn size (CTS). This is a change from the traditional method of desciption being the physical size. We have included both dimensions for your reference.

Mechanical Properties (At room temperature) Minimum guarantees WT

0.3µm Finish: f7 Diameter (mm)

f7 (mm)

Diameter (mm)

f7 (mm)

Diameter (mm)

f7 (mm)

Over 3

-0.010 min

Over 18

-0.020 min

Over 80

-0.036 min

Up to 6

-0.022 max

Up to 30

-0.041 max

Up to 120

-0.071 max

Over 6

-0.013 min

Over 30

-0.024 min

Over 120

-0.043 min

Up to 10

-0.028 max

Up to 50

-0.050 max

Up to 180

-0.083 max

Over 10

-0.016 min

Over 50

-0.030 min

Over 180

-0.050 min

Up to 18

-0.034 max

Up to 80

-0.060 max

Up to 250

-0.096 max

4140, 4140 induction hardened and 1045 induction hardened also available on an indent basis. *MICRON: One millionth of a metre and another term for micrometre. An easy conversion scheme is to remember that 25.4 microns=0.0254mm=0.001”=1 mil=1,000microninches. Fletcher Easysteel Page 35

Cylinder Tube:> Hydraulic Cylinder Tube Product Shortname: HCTI, HCTM Specifications: S T 52, Stress relieved Typical Analysis: C Mn Si



22%

1.5%

S P 0.02-0.04% 0.03% - max

0.50%

Mechanical Properties: UTS >600, Yield >520 Characteristics: Seamless cold drawn or ERW DOM welded tubes, with inside diameter to H8. Designed for hydraulic cylinder applications.

Size Range: Inside Diameter x Wall Thickness - Imperial (inches) 1

1/2

x

1/4

3 1/2 x 5/16 4

1/2

x

1/4

6 x 1/2

2x

1/4

3 1/2 x 3/8 4

1/2

x

5/16

2 1/4 x 1/4

2 1/2 x 1/4

3 x 1/4

3 x 5/16

3 x 3/8

3 1/2 x 1/4

3 1/2 x 1/2

4 x 1/4

4 x 5/16

4 x 3/8

4 x 1/2

4 1/4 x 1/4

5/16

3/8

4

1/2

x

3/8

4

1/2

x

1/2

5x

5x

5

1/2

x

3/8

6 x 3/8

8 x 1/2



Inside Diameter x Wall Thickness - Metric (mm) 63 x 6

80 x 7.5

80 x 10

90 x 7.5

90 x 10

110 x 10

110 x 12.5

120 x 10

120 x 12.5

130 x 10

100 x 10

100 x 12.5

Tolerances: Straightness: 0.5:1000mm Surface Roughness: Ra>0.2µm, Rt>0.3µm Finish: Inside diameter to h8 *Other finishes and sizes also available on an indent basis. *Pre cut and pre machined, also available on an indent basis. Note: Skiving and Roller burnishing and honing are two different preocesses to the same end result - H8 ID tubes and therefore should be interchangeable.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 36

Cold Work Tool Steels:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 37

Cold Work Tool Steels:> The Blanking Clearance:

To prevent the piece to be manufactured being upset, and to keep the friction low during the cutting operation, the opening of the cutting plate has to be somewhat larger than the cross-section of the cutting punch. The distance between the cutting edges of the plate and the punch is designated as blanking clearance. Its size is dependent on the properties and the thickness of the sheet to be cut as well as on the blanking procedure. The narrower the blanking clearance, the smoother is the cut surface. With the blanking clearance being too small, the power required largely rises because of the increased friction and the upsetting of the material to be processed. This may lead to premature blunt edges or to chipping of the cutting edges. A blanking clearance that is too large is disadvantageous as well, since the material to be cut may be pressed into the gaps resulting in heavy explosive stresses which may cause a premature rupture of the cutting plates. In the diagram reference data for the blanking clearance as a function of the sheet thickness are indicated for conventional and precision blankings. When blanking soft materials the blanking clearance should range at the lower limit of the respective scattering zone, whereas it should be at the upper limit when blanking materials with a higher strength. Recommended blanking clearance as a function of sheet thickness 1.6 1.4

blanking clearance in mm

1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.015 0.010 0.005 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 sheet thickness in mm A = standard blanking B = precision blanking

Fletcher Easysteel Page 38

Recommended Steels for Blanking Dies and Punches: Material to be cut Thickness DIN Spec Working in mm Hardness HRC steel sheets and strips up to 6 aluminium and Al-alloys copper and Cu-alloys up to 12 over 12 transformer and up to 6 dynamo sheets and strips austenitic steels up to 4 up to 6 up to 12 over 12 precision blanking up to 4 dies for sheets and strips from up to 6 metallic materials up to 10 plastics, wood, rubber, leather, textiles, paper

1.2379 1.2842 1.2550 1.2767 1.2379

56-60 56-60 54-58 48-52 58-62

1.2379 1.3343 1.2379 1.3343 1.2550 1.2767 1.2379 1.3343 1.2379 1.3343 1.2379 1.3343 1.2379 1.2550 1.2842

60-63 60-64 58-62 58-62 54-58 50-54 60-63 60-64 58-62 58-62 56-60 56-60 58-63 54-58 58-63

Accessory Tooling: Tool DIN Spec pressure part, pressure 1.2842 pad intermediate plate stripper 1.2842 stripper plate 1.2399S spring bolt 1.2842 guide bolt 1.2162 guide column ejector pin 1.2210 ejector plate 1.2842 punch holder 1.2399S base plate hold down fixture 1.2379 1.2842

Working Hardness in HRC resp. Working Strength in N/mm2 56-60 HRC 58-60 HRC approx. 900 N/mm2 58-62 HRC 58-60 HRC 56-60 HRC 56-60 HRC approx. 900 N/mm2 58-62 HRC 58-62 HRC

Cold Work Tool Steels:> Blanking Dies:

Blanking dies cut the material by a shearing effect. Cutting edges of a definite shape move along side by side separating the material. The design of a blanking die is mainly dependent on the required accuracy and number of the pieces to be cut as well as on its type and grade. For illustrating the tool design a guide blanking die column type is represented in the diagram. In the blanking procedure only about one third of the sheet thickness is cut, whereas the residual thickness breaks away due to the tensile stresses. Dependent on the sheet thickness, steel grade and strength as well as the size of the blanking clearance a more or less harp burr generates which usually requires a remachining of the cut edge.

pressure part spring bolt pressure pad guide pin pressure pad punch holder plate cutting die hold down fixture piercing punch forming punch ejector stripper plate cutting punch guide column base plate

Standard blanking die in comparison with precision blanking die standard blanking die

Essentially more precise edges may be attained with precision blanking dies. They require, of course, precise tool guides very firmly built, since the clearance between the cutting punch and the die must be kept very low. Precision blanking dies necessitate a hold-down fixture or a pressing plate fitted with annular teeth, particularly in the case of greater sheet thicknesses. Moreover, a counterpressure punch simultaneously performing the function of the ejector pin will be necessary. Tensile stresses in the blanking clearance are avoided by this tool design and the sheet is sheared throughout the entire thickness. Precision blanking die components have right-angled smooth cutting edges and are distinguished by an excellent planeness.

piercing punch piece piercing die

precision blanking die

piercing punch guide or pressing plate fitted with annular teeth annular tooth piece piercing die *) counter-punch and ejector pin *) From 4mm of material thickness annular teeth shall be fitted on the pressing and cutting plate. Fletcher Easysteel Page 39

Cold Work Tool Steels:> AISI D2 (DIN 1.2379) Product Shortname: D2, D2F Rounds/Flats Annealed DIN-Material Number: 1.2379. Specifications:





Typical Analysis:

Colour Code:

X 155 CrVMo 12 1. AISI: D2, BS: BD2, JIS: SKD 2.

Cu Cr Mo V 1.55% 12.0% 0.7% 1.0%

Red/Green

Steel Properties: Ledeburitic-high-carbon high-chromium steel. Highest wear resistance, good toughness. In comparison with DIN 1.2601 improved edge-holding quality and retention to tempering; the steel can be nitrided after a special heat treatment. Characteristics:

1.2379 (AISI D2) is a high carbon, high chromium cold work steel which is extremely stable in heat treatment, and develops high toughness and edge holding qualities in the h ardened and tempered condition. 1.2379 exhibits deep hardening characteristics making it suitable for either air or vacuum hardening on most sizes.

Applications: Thread rolling dies, cold extrusion tools, blanking and stamping tools for sheet thicknesses up to 6mm. Deep drawing tools, circular shear blades, etc. Size Range: Rounds D2 - Metric (mm) 16

22

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

65

70

75

81

91

100

105

111

120

125

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

232

240

260

270

290

300

310

320

330

360

380

400

Flats - Metric (mm) 16

25

30

40

50

Note: We will be pleased to cross-cut your requirements from stock sizes of flats.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 40

75

80

110

Cold Work Tool Steels:> AISI D2 Physical Properties:

10–6 x m 20-100 20-200 20-300 20-400OC m x OC 10.5 11.5 11.9 12.2 20 350 700OC Thermal Conductivity J cm x s x OC 0.167 0.205 0.242 Thermal expansion

Hot Forming:

Hot forming OC Cooling 1050-850

slow, e.g. in furnace

Heat Treatment:

Soft annealing OC

Cooling



830-860

Hardness HB

furnace

max. 250

Hardening from OC in 1000-1050 oil, air or hot bath 500-550OC

Hardness after quenching HRC 63

O Tempering C 100 200 300 400 500 525 550 600 HRC 63 61 58 58 58 60 56 50

Special Heat Treatment: Hardening from OC in 1050-1080 oil, air or hot bath 500-550OC

Tempering



(three times)

61

O C 100 200 300 400 500 525 550 600 HRC 61 60 58 59 62 62 57 50

Time – Temperature – Transformation Diagram 1200

Hardness after quenching HRC

Tempering Diagram

special heat treatment -

austenitizing temperature: 1030OC

---

1100 1000

70

900

66

800

Hardness in HRC

62

Temperature in OC

700

58

600

54

500

50

400 300

46

200

42

100 0

38 1 10 102 103 104 105 106 Seconds 1 10 100 1000 10 000 Time Minutes

34

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC

30 Fletcher Easysteel Page 41

Cold Work Tool Steels:> AISI A2 (DIN 1.2363) Product Shortname: A2, A2F Supplied Annealed - Rounds, Flats & Squares DIN-Material Number: 1.2363. Specifications: X 155 CrVMo 5 1.





Typical Analysis:

AISI: A2.

Cu Cr Mo V 1.0% 5.3% 1.1% 0.2%

Colour Code: Light Blue Steel Properties: Low change in size upon heat treatment. High wear-resistance and toughness. Characteristics: 2363 Fills the gap between 2510 and 2379, providing an ideal combination of wear resistance,

toughness, stability in hardening and machinability, for all press tooling applications. It is ideal for applications requiring an improvement over oil hardening tool steels, especially in wear resistance, stability and risk of cracking in hardening without the extra costs associated with high carbon chrome steels. 2363 exhibits deep hardening characteristics making it suitable for either air or vacuum hardening in most sizes.

Applications: Size Range:

Blanking dies, rolls, shear blades, cold pilger mandrels, cold coining dies. Moulds for the processing of plastics.

Rounds A2 - Metric (mm) 20.5

28.8

30.8

35.8

151.5

182

212

282.5

Fletcher Easysteel Page 42

40.8

55.8

81

91

100

102.5

Cold Work Tool Steels:> AISI A2 Physical Properties:

Thermal Conductivity

J 20 350 700OC cm x s x OC 0.158 0.267 0.291

Hot Forming:

Hot forming OC Cooling 1050-850

slow, e.g. in air

Heat Treatment:

Soft annealing OC

Cooling



830-840

Hardness HB

furnace

max. 231

Hardening from OC in 930-970 oil, air or hot bath 500-550OC

Hardness after quenching HRC 63

O Tempering C 100 100 200 400 500 600 HRC 61 62 60 57 59 52



Time – Temperature – Transformation Diagram

Tempering Diagram

1200

70

1100

66

1000

62

800 700 600 500 400

58 Hardness in HRC

Temperature in OC

900

50 46 42

300

38

200

34

100 0

54

30 1 10 102 103 104 105 106 Seconds Time 1 10 100 1000 10 000 Minutes

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC

Fletcher Easysteel Page 43

Notes:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 44

Hot Work Steels:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 45

Hot Work Steels:> AISI H13 (DIN 1.2344) EFS

(Extra Fine Structure)

Product Shortname: HOT, HOTF Supplied Annealed - Rounds & Flats



DIN-Material Number:

1.2344.

Specifications: X40 CrMoV 5 1. AISI: H 13,





Typical Analysis:



BS: BH 13, JIS: SKD 61.

C Si Cr Mo V 0.4% 1.0% 5.3% 1.4% 1.0%

Colour Code: Orange, Green Steel Properties: High hot tensile strength, hot wear-resistance and toughness. Good thermal conductivity and

insensitiveness to hot cracking. Suitable for limited water-cooling.

Characteristics:

DIN 1.2344 EFS is of the H13 type and as such is the most widely used of all the hot die steels. This grade offers a good resistance to softening, up to 600OC, combined with good s tability in hardening and high toughness, making it suitable not only for hot die applications b ut also plastic moulds. The EFS grade of material offers a more uniform, finer structure with an i mproved degree of cleanliness, and improved concentration of alloying elements.

Applications: Plastic moulds, extrusion and die casting tooling, hot shear blades, parts requiring high tensile strength and high nitrided hardness. Universally applicable hot work steel. Pressure casting and metal extrusion tools for the processing of light metals, forging dies, moulds, worms, and cylinders for the processing of plastics, nitrided ejectors, hot shear blades. Size Range: Rounds HOT - Metric (mm) 45

50

55

110

131.5

155.5

202

232

250

380

With the increasing need to provide the ultimate in hot work properties for the die casting and related industries, 2344 EFS Supra is now also available.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 46

Hot Work Steels:> AISI H13 (DIN 1.2344) EFS (Extra Fine Structure) Physical Properties:

Thermal Expansion

20-100 20-200 20-300 10–6 x m m x OC 10.9 11.9 12.3 20-400 20-500 20-600 20-700OC 12.7 13.0 13.3 13.5

J 20 350 700OC Thermal Conductivity cm x s x OC 0.245 0.268 0.288



Hot Forming: Hot forming OC Cooling

1100-900

Heat Treatment:

Soft annealing C Cooling Hardness HB



slow, e.g. in furnace

O

750-800

Hardening from OC

1000-1050

furnace max. 230

Hardness or tensile strength after quenching in HRC N/mm2

air, oil or 54 1910 hot bath 500-550OC

Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 HRC 53 52 52 54 56 56 54 50 47 32 N/mm2 1850 1790 1790 1910 2050 2050 1910 1670 1330 1020

Time – Temperature – Transformation Diagram

70

1100

66

1000

62

800 700 600 500 400

Hardness in HRC

Temperature in OC

900

300 200 100 0 1 10 102 103 104 105 106 Seconds 1 10 102 103 104 Time Minutes

Tempering Diagram

58

620

54

550

50

485

46

435

42

390

38

355

34

320

30

Hardness in HRC

1200

290

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC

Fletcher Easysteel Page 47

Plastic Mould Steels:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 48

Plastic Mould Steels:> Increasing demands with regard to the tools in plastic moulding ask for the specific development of tool steels having certain service properties for different ranges of application. Tools for the processing of plastics are mainly stressed with regard to pressure and wear. According to the type of plastics, there may in addition exist a stressing by corrosion. The various types of plastics and different processing methods set requirements on the tool steel, as for instance: • Economic machinability or cold-hobbing ability • Smallest change in size upon heat treatment • Good polishability • Great compressive strength • High wear resistance • Sufficient corrosion-resisting quality The selection of a steel for a given tool is governed by these requirements. The current tool steels for plastic moulding are indicated in the list below. These steels meet nearly all requirements.

Steel Selection:

Case hardening steels: Apart from a proper design and a heat treatment adapted to the respective steel grade the selection of a suitable steel is decisive for the efficiency of a tool. The case hardening steels offer excellent polishability and machinability. Therefore injection moulds as well as compression moulds are chiefly made from polishable case-hardening steels possessing high wear-resistance in the carburized case combined with good toughness in the core.

DIN Spec

Aust. Stand.

AISI/SAE

Case-hardening steels 1.2764

P 100 A

~P2

Chemical Composition (Typical Analysis in %) C

Si

Mn

S

Cr

Mo

Ni

V

Co

Ti

Al

0.18

0.2

0.4

-

1.2

0.2

4.0

-

-

-

-

Heat-treated steels 1.2311

P 20 A

P 20

0.40

-

1.5

-

1.9

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

1.2312

P 20 A + S

P 20 + S

0.40

-

1.5

0.05

1.9

0.2

-

-

-

-

-

0.40

-

1.5

0.05

1.9

1.2

1.0

-

-

-

-

420

0.42

-

-

-

13.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.40

1.0

-

-

5.3

1.4

-

1.0

-

-

-

1.2738 Corrosion-resistant steels 1.2083

420

Through-hardening steels 1.2344 EFS

H 13 A

H 13

1.2379

D2A

D2

1.55

-

-

-

12.0

0.7

-

1.0

-

-

-

1.2767

P6A

-

0.45

-

-

-

1.4

0.3

4.0

-

-

-

-

1.2510

01

01

0.95

-

1.1

-

0.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.35

-

-

-

1.7

0.2

1.0

-

-

-

1.0

-

18 MAR 300

Heat-treated steels:

Even with large sizes, sufficient core hardness can still be achieved. With the plastic parts becoming larger and larger, the use of case-hardening steels makes the heat treatment of the moulds a difficult problem because of the dimensional changes involved. Moreover, the number of articles to be made being frequently small, the production capacity of such moulds is not fully utilized. Hence, one proceeded to cut the impression into a previously heat-treated block by a machining operation. Even smaller sized moulds are now made by this method. A working strength of about 1100 N/mm2 has been found to give the best results. As heat-treated steels and grades 2311, 2312 and 2711 have been developed. 2311 and 2711 are preferably used in cases of high demand for polishability and for moulds with textured surfaces. 2312 is produced with increased S-content thus offering an excellent machinability combined with good polishability.

Schematic plan of a compression moulding tool for plastics

Schematic plan of an injection moulding

clamping plate cavity plate lead pin pressure pad blank cavity plate ejector pin ejector plate ejector base plate clamping plate

centering flange sprue bushing clamping plate cavity plate lead pin finish-moulded article cavity plate ejector pin ejector plate ejector base plate clamping plate

Fletcher Easysteel Page 50

Plastic Mould Steels:> Nitriding steels:

Nitriding steels are successfully used for screws and cylinders, since they have a tough core and a hard wear-resistant surface. The aluminium-alloyed-nitriding steel 1.8850 presents a very high surface hardness.

Corrosion-resistant steels: 1.2083, a corrosion-resistant 13% chromium steel, is used for processing chemically active plastic materials. Through-hardening steels:

Through-hardening steels are distinguished by high hardenability and compressive strength. Moreover, they are characterized by a superior close tolerance upon heat treatment. Due to their high compressive strength they are best suited for plastic moulds being subjected to high compressive forces. A significant advantage for these steels is given by the possibility of carrying out greater machining operations after the heat treatment. Contrary to the case hardening steels in this case there is no risk of wearing out a carburized surface zone resulting in a new heat treatment. The tool steel 1.2767 offers high toughness and is used for adequately stressed moulds. Moreover this steel offers a good polishability, ability for photo etching and eroding. Especially during heat treatment in vacuum furnaces it is distinguished by lowest size changes. 1.2344 EFS is especially suitable for moulds and screws as it can be nitrided and still have a high core strength after nitriding. Due to its high hot tensile strength also moulds and screws being subjected to a higher thermal load are successfully manufactured from this steel. The grades 1.2379 and 1.2842 listed among the group of through-hardening steels are predominantly used for pressure pads and smaller-sized plastic moulds when processing duroplastics of an abrasive nature.

2767 EFS Supra: Where there is an extremely high requirement of polishability, ability for photo-etching and eroding, remelted tool steel is recommended. Therefore, the grade. 1.2767 EFS SUPRA has been developed for mirror-polished plastic moulds, for finest photo design and for texture-eroded surfaces. The dimensional stability during heat treatment was further improved compared with the standard grade. Recommended Steel for Compression and Injection Moulds Material

Working strength or hardness (approx. values)

1.2162

surface hardness 60 HRC, core strength 1100 N/mm2

1.2311

1000 N/mm2

1.2312

1100 N/mm2

1.2083

56 HRC

1.2767

52 HRC

1.2344 EFS

50 HRC

1.2379

60 HRC

1.2842

60 HRC

1.2709

56 HRC (precipitation hardened)

Fletcher Easysteel Page 51

Plastic Mould Steels:> Recommended Steels for accessories Tool

Material

Working strength or hardness (approx. values)

Remarks

screw

1.8550

1000 N/mm2

nitrided

1.2344 EFS

1300 N/mm2

nitrided

1.2379

58 HRC

1.2344 EFS

1000 N/mm2

nitrided

1300 N/mm2

nitrided

cylinder

spruce bushing

1.2379

60 HRC

1.2842

60 HRC

centering flange, ejector plate clamping plate, mould frame

1.2312

1200 N/mm2

pressure pad

1.2379

60 HRC

1.2842

60 HRC

ejector pin

1.2344 EFS

1450 N/mm2

lead pin

1.2842

60 HRC

Fletcher Easysteel Page 52

nitrided

Plastic Mould Steels:> Alumec 89/Alumec 79



Product Shortname: ATOL

Colour Code: Alumec 89 - Yellow, Alumec 79 - Blue Steel Properties:

(see chart below).

Alumec 89 has higher strength and wear properties than Alumec 79

Characteristics:

Alumec is a high strength aluminium alloy having uniform through thickness properties. This high strength coupled with low density and enhanced machinability makes Alumec ideally suited for many tooling applications. High metal removal rates are achieved by standard machining methods along with EDM and in addition, Alumec can be further surface hardened or plated.

Applications: Used in areas where high strength/weight ratios are required and where heavy machining is to be carried out, such as; injection moulding, blow moulding, rubber moulding, prototype tooling, jigs and fixtures, hydraulic manifold systems. Size Range: Stocked in 2000mm x 1000mm sheets/plates - Metric (mm) 12.7

16

20

25

40

50

75

100

150

200

Mechanical Properties: Thickness Range (mm)

Tensile Strength (MPa)

0.2% Proof Stress (MPa)

Elongation (%)

Brinell

Hardness Rockwell B

Alumec79

Alumec89

Alumec79

Alumec89

Alumec79

Alumec89

Alumec79

Alumec89

Alumec79

Alumec89

> 6.35 - 25

545

600

485

555

10

11.5

167

180

86

90

> 25 - 50

520

580

455

530

9.5

9.5

159

174

84

89

> 75 - 100

500

570

430

520

9

8

152

174

82

89

> 100-125

480

560

400

515

8.5

7

149

174

81

89

> 125 - 167

465

550

375

500

8

4.5

143

174

79

89

> 167 - 205

435

510

340

450

7.5

5

131

159

74

84

> 205 - 305

410

460

310

400

7.5

4

123

146

70

80

* Alumec 99 also available on indent.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 53

Plastic Mould Steels:> AISI P20 (DIN 1.2311)



Product Shortname: MOLD, MLDF



AISI P20 Supplied Heat Treated 950-1100MPa DIN-Material Number: 1.2311



Specifications: 40 CrMnMo 7. AISI: P20.

Typical Analysis:



Colour Code: Red Steel Properties:

C Mn Cr Mo 0.4% 1.5% 1.9% 0.2%

Quenched and tempered plastic mould steel. Hardness in condition as supplied 280-325 HB. Good machinability, better polishability compared with 1.2312. Capable for texturing.

Characteristics:

1.2311 is supplied in the heat treated condition to a tensile strength of 950-1100MPa and by further heat treatment a hardness level of approximately 50 HRC can be achieved. I mproved wear resistance can be achieved by flame/ induction hardening to give a surface hardness of up to 54 HRC or by nitriding, to give a surface hardness of approximately 60 HRC w hilst maintaining the high, as supplied core strength of 950-1100MPa. This grade offers excellent polishability and good surface finish when subjected to electrical discharge machining (EDM) or texturing.

Applications:

Plastic mould, zinc die-casting tooling. High tensile application – heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, crusher rolls, bolts, etc. Plastic moulds, mould frames for plastic moulds and pressure casting dies, sleeves of recipients.

Size Range: Rounds MOLD - Metric (mm) 25 35 45

50

65

80

90

100

110

Flats - Metric (mm) 25

35

45

50

70

Note: We will be pleased to cross-cut your requirements.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 54

75

80

100

130

150

200

Plastic Mould Steels:> AISI P20 Physical Properties:

10–6 x m 20-100 20-200 20-300 m x OC 11.1 12.9 13.4 Thermal Expansion 20-400 20-500 20-600 20-700OC 13.8 14.2 14.6 14.9 J 20 350 700OC Thermal Conductivity cm x s x OC 0.357 0.334 0.320



Hot Forming: Hot forming OC Cooling

1050-850

Heat Treatment:

Soft annealing C Cooling Hardness HB



slow, e.g. in furnace

O

710-740

Hardening from OC

840-870

furnace max. 235

Hardness after quenching in HRC N/mm2

oil or 51 1730 hot bath O 180-220 C

Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 HRC 51 50 48 46 42 36 28 N/mm2 1730 1670 1570 1480 1330 1140 920

Tempering Diagram 70 66 62 58 Hardness in HRC

Temperature in OC

Time – Temperature – Transformation Diagram 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1 10 102 103 104 105 Seconds Time 1 10 100 1000 10 000

54 50 46 42 38 34 30

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC

Fletcher Easysteel Page 55

Plastic Mould Steels:> DIN 1.2767 Product Shortname: MLDH, MHTF Supplied Annealed DIN-Material Number: 1.2767. Specifications:





Typical Analysis:

X 45 NiCrMo 4. BS:EN30B

C Cr Mo Ni 0.45% 1.4% 0.3% 4.0%

Colour Code: Grey/Purple Steel Properties: Steel for air- and oil-hardening, high hardenability, highest toughness. Good Polishability. Characteristics: 1.2767 is supplied in the annealed condition but by further heat treatment can be hardened up to around

54 HRC. The chemical make-up of 1.2767 enables it to be ‘air’ h ardened or vacuum hardened with minimum distortion. 1.2767 displays e xcellent polishability and toughness in the hardened condition making it suited to high pressure plastic moulding applications. It also possesses good thermal properties for plastic moulding applications.

Applications: Compression/injection moulds, cutlery dies, blanking dies, high tensile applications such as shafts, rollers, axles, etc. Cutlery dies, blanking dies for large sizes, billet shears, drawing jaws, m assive embossing and bending tools, plastic moulds, reinforcements. Size Range:

Rounds MLDH - Metric (mm) 16

20.5

25

30

35.8

40

50

96

Note: Can also be used for Cold Work and Shock Resisting applications. Also used as a Cold Work Steel 1.2767 can be heat treated to strengths in excess of 1500 MPa lending itself to applications where extremely high stresses are involved.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 56

111.5

Plastic Mould Steels:> DIN 1.2767 Physical Properties:

10–6 x m 20-100 20-200 20-300 Thermal Expansion m x OC 11.8 12.5 12.8 20-400 20-500 20-600 20-700OC 13.1 13.4 13.8 13.6 J 20 350 700OC Thermal Conductivity cm x s x OC 0.300 0.305 0.320



Hot Forming: Hot forming OC Cooling

Heat Treatment:

1050-850

slow, e.g. in furnace

Soft annealing OC Cooling Hardness HB

610-650

furnace max. 260

Hardening in oil, air or from OC hot bath



Hardness after quenching HRC

840-870 180-220 C 56 Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 500 600 HRC 56 54 50 46 42 38 O

Time – Temperature – Transformation Diagram

Tempering Diagram 70

900

Temperature in OC

800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100

Tempering Temperature in OCHardness in HRC

1000

0 1 10 102 103 104 105 106 Seconds Time 1 10 100 1000 10 000

66 62 58 54 50 46 42 38 34 30

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Fletcher Easysteel Page 57

Notes:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 58

Gauge Plate, Key & Silver Steel:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 59

Gauge Plate:> Gauge Plate Product Shortname: GPI, GPM AISI 01/DIN 1.2510 Supplied Annealed to HB 229 max. Typical Analysis: C Mn Cr W V





0.95% 1.2% 0.5% 0.5% 0.25%

Applications: Gauges, punchs, dies, jigs, templates, cams, machine parts etc.

Tolerances:

Imperial sizes: Metric sizes:

Width -0.000”/+0.00” Width -.0000mm./+0.127mm

Heat Treatment:

Thickness +/-0.0001” Thickness -0.000mm./+0.050mm

Soft annealing OC Hardness HB



760-780 max. 229

Hardening in Hardness after quenching from OC oil HRC



780-820 150-300OC 62 Tempering OC 150 200 250 300 HRC 62 60-61 58-59 56-58

Size Range Imperial: Flats - Imperial (inches) / x

1 8

1 1

1/2

/ x

3 16

1 4

5 16

/ x

3 8

1 2

5 8

3 4

/ x

1x

6x

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

2

1/2

1/2

2

1/2

3/16

1

1/2

1

8

1/2

2

/ x

1

/ x

1

2

1

3

2

1/2

4

4

3

3

6

6

6

4

7

8

8

8

1/2

Other sizes available on request

2

/ x

2

2

Fletcher Easysteel Page 60

/ x

2



Gauge Plate:>

Gauge Plate Size Range Metric: Flats - Metric (mm) 2x

3x

5x

6x

8x

10 x

12 x

15 x

20 x

25 x

50 x

50

20

20

20

25

10

20

25

20

25

50

25

25

25

40

20

25

50

25

50

125

40

30

40

50

25

40

60

40

70

150

50

40

50

100

40

50

100

50

75

80

50

60

150

50

70

125

60

80

100

60

70

60

80

70

100

125

70

75

70

100

100

120

150

75

80

80

150

150

150

200

80

100

100

100

150

125

150

200

150

200

250 Other sizes available on request

Fletcher Easysteel Page 61

Gauge Plate:> Key Steel Product Shortname: KEYI, KEYM Bright Drawn Steel Bars Specifications:

BS46: Part 1 1958 (Imperial) BS4235: Part 1 1972 (Metric)

Typical Analysis:

C Mn C Mn 0.45% 0.6-1.0% 0.42/0.5% max 0.50-0.80%

Size Range: Squares - Imperial (inches) /

/

1 8

/

3 16

7/8

/

1 4

1

1

/

5 16

1/4

1

/

3 8

/

7 16

/

1 2

/

9 16

/

5 8

3 4

1/2

Squares - Metric (mm) 3

4

5

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

Flats - Metric (mm) 10 x 8

12 x 8

12 x 10

16 x 10

20 x 12

Other sizes also available on request

Tolerances:

Squares - Imperial (Inches) -.000” Up to and incl. 7/8 Over 7/8 up to and incl. 1 1/4 Over 1 1/4

Flats - Imperial (inches)

Up to and incl. 3/4 x 1/2 7/8 x 5/8 Over 7/8 x 5/8 up to and incl. 1 1/4 x 7/8 1 1/2 x 1

Flats - Metric (mm)

8 x 7 up to and incl. 10 x 8 Over 10 x 8 up to and incl. 16 x 10 18 x 11 Over 18 x 11 up to and incl. 28 x 16mm 32 x 18 Over 32 x 18 up to and incl. 50 x 28

Fletcher Easysteel Page 62

Squares - Metric (mm) +.000mm

+.002 +.003 +.004

4mm up to and incl. 6 Over 6 up to and incl.12 16

Width (-.000”)

+.002 +.002 +.003 +.004

Width (+.000”)

-.036 -.043 -.043 -.052 -.062 -.062

Thickness (-.000”)

+.003 +.004 +.004 +.006

Thickness (+.000”)

-.090 -.090 -.110 -.110 -.110 -.130

-.030 -.036 -.043

24

Key Steel:> Silver Steel Product Shortname: SSRI, SSRM (AISI W1) Supplied Annealed centreless ground

Typical Analysis:





C Mn Si Cr 1.1/1.2% 0.15-0.45% 0.40% 0.35-0.50%

Applications: Punches, dowels, spindles, shafts, pinions, gauges, centres, engraving tools etc Size Range: (sizes below 1/8” are bright drawn). Imperial (inches) 1/8

3/16

1/4

5/16

3/8

7/16

1/2

9/16

5/8

3/4

7/8

1

10

11

12

13

14

Metric (mm) 3

4

5

6

7

15

16

18

20

25

8

9

Other sizes also available on request.

Tolerances:

Rounds - Imperial (Inches) Below 1 dia. 1 dia and over

+/-0.00025 +/-0.0005

Rounds - Metric (mm) 25 dia. and under Over 25 dia.

+0.000/-0.010 +0.000/-0.020

Heat Treatment:

Hardening in Hardness after quenching from OC bath HRC

770-790 150-300OC 66 Sizes up to 5/16” (8mm) dia. may ne oil hardened from 800-810OC Tempering OC 120 150 200 250 300 350 400 HRC 65-66 64-66 62-64 58-60 54-56 52-54 48-50

Fletcher Easysteel Page 63

Plate:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 64

Boiler Quality Plate:> Boiler Quality Plate Product Shortname: PLBO Specifications: Australia AS 1548 PT 460NR

Size Designation: Boiler Plate - Metric (mm) - 6000 x 2400 6

8

10

12

16

20

25

32

50

* Note: Not all thicknesses are available in all widths and lengths.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 65

Wear Resistant Plate:> Wear Resistant Plate Grade 400, Grade 500 Product Shortname: PLWE Description:

Abrasion resistant steel plate which has a longer life expectancy than mild steel. Abrasion resistant plate offers high resistance to both wear and impact applications. This can be a cost effective choice for equipment subjected to high levels of impact wear.

Supplied Conditions: GRADE 400

Bisalloy 400

JFE EH400

Sumihard K400

Tensile

1320

1316

1325

Elongation

14%

19.8%

25%

Hardness (HB)

360 - 430

401 min

360 -440

GRADE 500

Bisalloy 500

JFE EH500

Sumihard K500

Tensile

1640

1449

1552

Elongation

10%

17.7%

21%

Hardness (HB)

477 - 534

477 min

450 - 550

Size Designation:

Length (m) x Width (mm) x Thickness (mm)

Size Range Available:

Thickness: 6mm to 80mm Widths: 1500mm to 2500mm Length: 6000mm

Weight Calculation: kilograms per square metre = plate thickness (mm) x 7.85 Note: When fabricating high strength and wear resistant plate special procedures must be followed. Please contact your local Fletcher Easysteel branch for further information. * Refer to page 83 for Easycut Profiling Service.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 66

High Strength Plate:> High Strength Plate Grade 80 Product Shortname: PLHI Description:



A high strength quenched and tempered plate, Grade 80 is approximately three times stronger than mild steel.

Supplied Conditions: Hi-Strength

Domex 650

Bisalloy 80

JFE HI780S

Sumiten 780S

Yield Strength

630-650

690

685

686

Tensile Strength

700-880

790 - 930

780 - 930

785 - 932

Elongation (16mm)

14%

18%

24%

24%

Size Designation:

Length (m) x Width (mm) x Thickness (mm)

Size Range Available: Thicknesses 5mm to 100mm Widths

1500mm to 2500mm

Length

6000mm

Weight Calculation: kilograms per square metre = plate thickness (mm) x 7.85 Note: When fabricating high strength and wear resistant plate special procedures must be followed. Please contact your local Fletcher Easysteel branch for further information. * Refer to page 83 for Easycut Profiling Service.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 67

Plate:>

Steel Plate:>

Structural Steel Plate INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS COMPARISON

AUSTRALIAN AS 3678

EUROPEAN* EN10025

BRITISH* BS 4360

GERMAN* DIN 17100

JAPANESE JIS

AMERICAN ASTM

INTERNATIONAL ISO 630

Tensile Strength (MPa) 290

200

St33

300 A283A

Fe310-0

G3101-SS330

S235JR

40A,B C,D

St37-2 St37-3

330

A2383B

Fe360 A, B, C, D

A283C G3101-SS400 G3106-SM400 A, B, C 250 250L15

300, 300L15

St44-2

S275JR S275JO S275J2G3 S275J254 Fe430B, C, D1, D2

43A, B, C, D

400

A36 A573-400

A633A

350

410

Fe430A, B, C, D

350L15

A573-485 50A, B, C, D S355JR S355JO S355J2G3 S355J2G4

St52-3

430 450

A573-450 A572-345

400, 400L15

360 380

A283D A284C A529 A572-290

St44-3

310

480

G3101-SS490

490

G3106-SM490 A, B, C

Fe510 B, C, D

G3106-SM490 YA, YB

450 450L15

G3106-SM520 B,C G3101-SS540

1. This table indicates the approximate relationship between Australian grades and their international counterparts. 2. Grades are shown in their increasing tensile strength order. In the case of American ASTM Standards some grades are also shown in the increasing yield strength (YS) order, as their position in the hierarchy is different when based on the yield strength compare to tensile strength (TS). * EN10025 has replaced BS4360 and DIN17100 Standards.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 68

A572-415

Fe510 B,C,D

520 540

3. For grades with BOLD suffix letters C, D on British, European and International Standards, B, C on Japanese Standards and suffix numbers 2 and 3 on German Standards, the appropriate Australian alternative is the nearest L15 grade of the equivalent strength level (ie High or

Medium). 4. Grades readily available are highlighted in black. 5. The grade/s within the same colour band show generally acceptable alternatives, provided relevant design factors are considered. Refer to your Fletcher EasySteel representative.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 68

Plate:> Boiler Quality Plate INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS COMPARISON

Tensile Strength (MPa)

AUSTRALIAN AS 1548

JAPANESE JIS

310 340 360

EUROPEAN EN 10028

2-P235GH

3-P275N

400

G3115-SPV235 G3126-SLA235

410

G3103-SB410

A662-A 2P265GH G3118-SGV410

P265 A515-60 A516-60

415 7-430

440

G3126-SLA325

450

G3108-SB450 G3118-SGC450 7-460

A515-65 A516-65 2-P295GH

A662-B

P290

3-P355N

A515-70 A516-70 A662-C A537-C11 A737-B A841

P315

G3103-SB480 G3118-SGV480

480 7-490

G3115-SPV315 G3126-SLA360

490 5-490 510 520

P235 A285-C A516-55

390

460

INTERNATIONAL ISO 9328.2

A285-A A285-B

380

430

AMERICAN ASTM

2-P355GH G3115-SPV355

1. This table indicates the approximate relationship between Australian grades and their international counterparts. More detailed comparisons of these Standards/grades can be obtained by contacting your Fletcher Steel representative. 2. Grades are shown in their increasing tensile strength order. AS1548-5-490 and equivalent grades have a higher minimum yield strength requirement than the corresponding AS1548-7-490 and equivalent grades. 3. Grade equivalence shown is based on room temperature tensile properties only. 4. Grades readily available are highlighted in black.

A299 A738-A

5. It may be possible to substitute readily available grades for international grades outside the designated strength band shown, provided relevant design factors are considered. Refer to your Fletcher Easy Steel representative for further information.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 69

Notes:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 70

Welding Products:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 71

FES 28 General Purpose Electrodes for welding mild steel

FES48A General Purpose Electrodes for welding mild steel

FES68 General Purpose Electrodes for welding mild steel

The FES 28 has a medium – heavy rutile coating and yields a fairly rapidly solidifying slag. It is used in all mild steel general construction industries including pipe work and is an easy to use electrode with good weld appearance. A short arc length can be used without the electrode freezing to the weld pool, of particular benefit for vertical and overhead welding.

F H V OH

2.5 3.2 4.0

70-100 85-135 130-170

Current Condition

Current Range (amps)

Diameter (mm)

Applications & Characteristics

Product

Welding Positions

Welding Products:>

AC50v DC -

F H V down OH

2.5 3.2 4.0

70-100 90-135 130-180

AC45v DC -

F H V down OH

2.5 3.2 4.0

60-95 70-125 130-170

AC50v DC -

FES7024 High Efficiency Iron Powder Electrode for welding mild steel

Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4824-0 AWS A5.1 E7024

Fletcher Easysteel Page 72

F H

2.5 3.2 4.0

90-140 130-160 180-210

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 480-500 MPa Yield Value 430-480 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 22-26% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 20°C 55-88 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.70 - 0.11% Mn 0.35 - 0.55% Si 0.30 - 0.60%

Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/ NZS 1553.1 E4112A AWS A5.1 E6013

The FES 7024 is a heavy coated rutile contact electrode developed for high speed welding of mild steel in the down hand and horizontal positions using AC or DC current. The high iron powder content in the flux gives high efficiency combined with excellent mechanical properties and weldability. Ideal for use in ship building, pressure vessels, heavy machinery frames, roof trusses, tanks, and structural beams, as well as general engineering.

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 480-510 MPa Yield Value 430-480 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 25-29% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0°C 51-83 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.01% Mn 0.61% Si 0.54%

Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4112-0 AWS A5.1 E6013

The FES 68 is a medium – heavy coated rutile electrode which produces very rapidly solidifying slag. It is an outstanding electrode for welding in all positions and at places difficult to reach. An important feature is that it can be used for welding in any position at the same current. It has excellent gap bridging ability and is particularly good for vertical down position and for welding galvanised and dirty steels

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 470-530 MPa Yield Value 430-470 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 25-30% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0°C 47-78 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.11% Mn 0.35 - 0.50% Si 0.30 - 0.50%

Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4112-0 AWS A5.1 E6013

The FES 48A is a rutile electrode for general purpose welding of mild steels. The slag has quicker freezing properties than many similar rods, making it suitable for out of position welding. It has good gap bridging ability and has good weld appearance, slag removal and mechanical properties.

Specifications

AC50v DC -

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 512 MPa Yield Value 474 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 26% Reduction of Area 59% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0°C 68 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.07 - 0.08% Mn 0.50 - 0.70% Si 0.29 - 0.31%

FES56S Low Hydrogen Electrode For welding mild and medium tensile steel

FES77 Low Hydrogen Electrode for welding mild and medium tensile steel

The FES 56s is a basic coated, low hydrogen electrode with a very thin coating to improve joint access and make the electrodes ideal for root pass welding. The electrode is ideally suited for pipe welding using the vertical up technique. The main related industries are offshore, petrochemical, and power engineering.

F H V OH

2.5 3.2 4.0

60-100 85-140 100-180

Current Condition

Current Range (amps)

Applications & Characteristics

Diameter (mm)

Product

Welding Positions

Welding Products:>

AC70v DC +/-

F H V OH

2.5 3.2 4.0

60-105 90-145 140-200

AC70v DC +/-

FESC6H Low Hydrogen Electrode for welding mild and medium tensile steel

Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4828 H5 AWS A5.1 E7028 H4

F

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 510-580 MPa Yield Value 430-480 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) Min. 30% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -40°C Average 150 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.10% Mn 0.80 - 1.20% Si 0.40 - 0.80%

Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4818-5H5 AWS A5.1 E7018-IH8

The FES C6H has a very high deposition rate because of the large amounts of iron powder in the zircon based coating. The efficiency of the electrode is 195%, and the weld appearance is very smooth with good tie in and very good slag removal. This rod also has excellent mechanical and x-ray qualities. Applications include rapidly filling bevelled butt joints in thick and very thick plates, and for making positioned fillet welds as well.

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 510-590 MPa Yield Value Min. 420 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 26% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -40°C Average 190 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.04 - 0.09% Mn 0.80 - 1.20% Si 0.30 - 0.60%

Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4816-4H5 AWS A5.1 E7016-H8

The FES 77 is a low hydrogen iron powder coated electrode. It is ideal for welding in all positions except vertical down. It maintains excellent mechanical properties and the weld metal deposits exceptionally smoothly. Mainly used for welding un-alloyed, micro alloyed, and low alloyed steels. It also has excellent x-ray qualities. Applications include pressure vessel, ship building, earth moving machines and general medium - heavy construction.

Specifications

4.0

200-230

AC70v DC +

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 500-550 MPa Yield Value 430-490 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 26-30% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -20°C 115-140 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.10% Mn 0.80 - 1.20% Si 0.30 - 0.60%

Fletcher Easysteel Page 73

Copper Coated Solid Mig Wire for welding mild steel

This is a copper coated solid mig wire with excellent mechanical properties. CO2, or a mixture of CO2 and Argon is used as the shielding gas for the wire. During welding, good looking weld, low spatter, and relatively high toughness of the weld can be obtained at low temperature. Applications include fabrication of non alloyed and carbon steels in the general engineering industries. It has good x-ray quality and excellent coating appearance.

0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2

50-120 60-220 70-240 80-350

Current Condition

Current Range (amps)

Diameter (mm)

Applications & Characteristics

Product

Welding Positions

Welding Products:>

DC

Flux Cored Mig Wire for welding mild and medium tensile steel

Approvals: ABS/BV/DNV/GL/LRS Classifications: AWS A5.20:E71T-1

Fletcher Easysteel Page 74

1.2 1.6

230 280

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 500 MPa Yield Value 420 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 22-27% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0°C 47-78 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.15% Mn 1.40 - 1.85% Si 0.80 - 1.15%

Approvals: ABS/CCS Classifications: AWS ER 705-6

This wire is a metal coated flux cored mig wire that uses C02 as the gas which along with the flux provides a dual shield. Designed for welding metal constructions in a single or multi-pass technique, it has excellent welding properties in all positions and with high current gives a very good deposition rate. Can be used in ship building and general construction industries and is very good with the welding of medium tensile plates.

Specifications

DC

Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 500 MPa Yield Value 420 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 24% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -29°C 27 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.13% Mn 1.30 - 1.60% Si 0.70 - 1.00%

Consumables:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 75

Consumables:> Cutting and Grinding Discs Product Shortname: DISO, DISC Fletcher Easysteel stocks the below range of Cutting and Grinding Disc’s. Hard wearing, durable and low cost, enquire at your Fletcher Easysteel sales centre today. Cut Off Disc’s

STANDARD METAL GRINDING DISCS

OD

thickness

centre

GA3101

115X6.5X22 A24-30-36R D/C

115

2.0

22.23mm

GA3102

125X6.5X22 A24-30-36R D/C

125

2.0

22.23mm

GA3104

178X7X22 A24-30-36R D/C

180

2.5

22.23mm

GA3105

230X7X22 A24-30-36R D/C

230

2.5

22.23mm

300

3.0

25.4mm

GENERAL PURPOSE

350

3.0

25.4mm

100X2.5X16 A30-36R C/O

400

3.0

25.4mm

115X2.5X22 A30-36R C/O 125X2.5X22 A30-36R C/O

Grinding Disc’s OD

thickness

centre

100

5.0

16mm

115

6.0

22.23mm

125

6.0

22.23mm

180

6.0

22.23mm

230

6.0

22.23mm

178X2.5X22 A30-36T C/O 230X2.5X22 A30-36R C/O 300X4X25.4 A24S STAT C/O 400X4.5X25.4 A24S STAT C/O INOX CUTTING 100x2.5x16 A30-36Q INOX C/O

METAL INOX GRINDING DISCS

115x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O

100x6x16 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C

125x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O

115x6.5x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C

178x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O

125x6.5x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C

230x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O

178x7x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C

300x4x25.4 A30-36R INOX C/O

230x7x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C

350x4x25.4 A30-36R INOX C/O

Fletcher Easysteel Page 76

Consumables:> Wire Wheels Spindle Mounted Wire Wheels Wheel (mm)

Cup (mm)

50 x 6

50 x 6

75 x 6

75 x 6

100 x 6

Wire Brushes Wire Cup Brushes Crimped

T/Knot

75 x M10 x 1.5

75 x M10 x 1.5

75 x M10 x 1.25

75 x M10 x 1.25

75 x M14 x 2.0

75 x M14 x 2.0

100 x M14 x 2.0

100 x M14 x 2.0

125 x M14 x 2.0

125 x M14 x 2.0 Wire Brush Wheels

Crimped

T/Knot

75 x 16 x 13

15 x 22

150 x 25 x 25 200 x 25 x 25 250 x 30 x 25 300 x 30 x 25 Twist Knot Wire Brushes 100 x M10 x 1.5 100 x M14 x 2 115 x M14 x 2 125 x M14 x 2

Fletcher Easysteel Page 77

Consumables:> Cutting and Grinding Discs Fletcher Easysteel is able to source the following consumables. Please contact your local Fletcher Easysteel Sales Centre for availability. STRAIGHT METAL CUTTING

LOW SPEED METAL CUTTING

102x2.5x16

300X2.5X25.4 A30-36S CHOPCUT

115x2.5x22

350X3X25.4 A30-36S CHOPCUT

127x2.5x22

400X3.2X25.4 A30-36S CHOPCUT

178x2.5x22 230x2.5x22

HIGH SPEED METAL CUTTING

300x3.0x25.4

300X4X20 A30-36S ALLCUT

350x3.0x25.4

300X4X25.4 A30-36S ALLCUT

400x3.0x25.4

350X4X20 A30-36S ALLCUT 350X4X25.4 A30-36S ALLCUT

SAFECUT D/C INOX THINS 115x1.3x22 INOX D/C

MASONRY CUTTING

125x1.3x22 INOX D/C

300X4X20 C24-30-36S ALLCUT

180x2x22 INOX D/C

300X4X22 C24-30-36S ALLCUT

230x2x22 INOX D/C

300X4X25.4 C24-30-36S ALLCUT

THIN MEGA INOX

350X4X25.4 C24-30-36S ALLCUT

50x1.3x8 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z

400X4.5X25.4 C30-36S STAT C/O

350X4X20 C24-30-36S ALLCUT

75x1.3x9.5 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 100x1.3x16 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z

DEPRESSED CENTRE METAL GRINDING

100x1.6x16 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z

100x6x16

115x1x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z

115x6x22

115x1.3x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z

125x6x22

115x1.6x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z

178x6x22

125x1x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z

230x6x22

125x1.3x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 125x1.6x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 180x2x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 230x2x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z Fletcher Easysteel Page 78

Consumables:> FLAP DISCS 100 x 16

ALUMINIUM GRINDING DISCS

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z40

100x6.5x16 ALUMINIUM D/C

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z60

115x6.5x22 ALUMINIUM D/C

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z80

125x6.5x22 ALUMINIUM D/C

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z100

178x7x22 ALUMINIUM D/C

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z120

230x7x22 ALUMINIUM D/C

FLAP DISCS 115 x 22

ALUMINIUM CUTTING DISCS

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z40

100x3.2x16 ALUMINIUM D/C/O

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z60

115x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z80

125x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z100

178x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O

FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z120

230x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O

FLAP DISCS 125 x 22

INOX THIN CUTTING FOR STAINLESS

FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z40

100x1.2x16

FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z60

100x1.6x16

FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z80

115x1.2x22

FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z100

115x1.2x22

FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z120

125x1.2x22 125x1.6x22 180x2.0x22 230x2.0x22

Fletcher Easysteel Page 79

Consumables:> Sanding Sheets Waterproof Sheets 230 x 280mm Grit (G)

80

100

120

150

180

220

240

Grit (G)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1500

2000

280

320

Fibre Discs Disc Size (mm)

Grit (G) 16

24

36

50

60

80

100

120

100 x 16

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

115 x 22

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

127 x 22

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

178 x 22

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

✓

240

320

Engineers Rolls Engineers Rolls 38mm x 50m Grit (G)

40

60

80

100

Wire Brushes Code

Description

GM 5000

4 Row Carbon Wire - Plastic Handle

GM 5020

4 Row Carbon Wire - Wood Handle

GM 5010

4 Row Stainless Steel Wire - Plastic Handle

Fletcher Easysteel Page 80

120

150

180

Service Centres:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 81

Service Centres:> Service Centres Company Organisation: Sales Centre

Distribution Centre

Coil Processing

Plate Processing

Guillotining

Northern Region

Whangarei Auckland

Auckland

Auckland

Auckland

Auckland

Central Region

Hamilton Tauranga Rotorua New Plymouth Hawkes Bay Palmerston North Wellington

Auckland

Auckland

Auckland

Auckland Wellington

Southern Region

Nelson Christchurch Dunedin Invercargill

Christchurch

Christchurch

Christchurch

Christchurch

Fletcher Easysteel Page 82

Service Centres:> Plate Processing Fletcher Easysteel’s ‘Easycut Profiling’ operations provide the largest and most efficient plate cutting facilities in New Zealand. Whether your requirements are for mild steel, boiler quality or high strength plate we can cut plate to meet your requirements. A list of services are offered below: • Numerically controlled profile cutting machines and guillotines in Auckland and Christchurch give customers a fast and accurate cutting service. • The Dycon 300 tonne numerically controlled press brake at our Auckland facility has a computer controlled automatic backstop and can press up to nine different folds per plate, all with repetitive folds. • The Mynuc 5000 CNC profile cutting machine has a 24 metre long bed and six oxy fuel cutting heads with an effective cutting width of 4 metres. • The 200 amp high speed Kinetic plasma cutters in Auckland and Christchurch can cut plate up to 20mm thick. • Our Punch and Shear machine can cut a range of sections and punch holes up to 40mm diameter in material up to 20mm thick.

Machining Capabilities Auckland Length Plasma Cutting

Thickness

12m

3mm – 20mm

Gas Cutting

18m

10mm – 260mm

Guillotining

3.6m

2.5mm – 12mm

300T Pressbrake

3.6m

12mm

Punch & Shear

Maximum 40mm dia through 20mm plate Maximum Shear Flat 350mm x 20mm

Wellington Guillotining

3.6m

3.0mm – 12mm Thick

Plasma Cutting

12m

3mm – 20mm Thick

Gas Cutting

6m

10mm – 260mm Thick

Christchurch

• An integral part of the plate processing is the latest in software in our CAD department to quickly and efficiently nest your designs and shapes at minimal cost and waste. Drawings can be accepted on disc or via e-mail in DXF Format. All drawings are held in memory allowing repeat

orders to be recalled immediately.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 83

Service Centres:> Metal Processing Sheet and Coil Processing:

In order to cater for specialist requirements of the New Zealand manufacturing industry and expand services available, Fletcher Steel offers a Service Centre operation with some of the latest metal processing technology and equipment available in New Zealand. With Coil processing equipment in Auckland and Christchurch the facilities are available to slit, sheet, blank and guillotine, both ferrous and non-ferrous metals to exacting standards.

Machine Capabilities: Auckland

Christchurch

Maximum Width

1525mm

1350mm

Minimum Width

16mm

25mm

Thickness Range

0.35 - 3.5mm STD

0.4 - 2.3mm

Maximum Width

1828mm

1250mm

Minimum Width

51mm

200mm

Thickness Range

0.5 - 3.2mm M.S.

0.4 - 1.6mm M.S.

0.5 - 2.0mm S.S.

–

0.5 - 3.2mm A.L.

–

Slitting

Sheeting & Blanking

Guillotines Minimum Width

28mm

Maximum Length

2400mm

Thickness Range

0.4 - 3.2mm

Fletcher Easysteel Page 84

Appendix:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 85

Appendix:> Size Tolerances (to ASTM A29) Size Tolerances: for Cold-Finished Alloy Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished Tolerances from Specified Size, Under Only, mm Size - Metric (mm)

Maximum of Carbon Range 0.28 or Less BCQ

Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.28 to 0.55 incl. 4140

Maximum of Carbon Range to 0.55% incl. Stress Relief or Annealed After Cold Finishing

Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.55% or All Grades Quenched and Tempered or Normalized Before Cold Finishing

Rounds - Cold Drawn (to 100mm in size) or Turned and Polished To 25, incl, in coils

0.05

0.08

0.10

0.13

Cut Lengths

0.08

0.10

0.13

0.15

To 40, incl

0.10

0.13

0.15

0.18

Over 40 to 60, incl

0.13

0.15

0.18

0.20

Over 60 to 100, incl

0.15

0.18

0.20

0.23

Over 100 to 150, incl

0.18

0.20

0.23

0.25

Over 150 to 200, incl

0.20

0.23

0.25

0.28

Over 200 to 230, incl

Hexagons - Cold Drawn Up to 20, incl

0.08

0.10

0.13

0.18

Over 20 to 40, incl

0.10

0.13

0.15

0.20

Over 40 to 60, incl

0.13

0.15

0.18

0.23

Over 60 to 80, incl

0.15

0.18

0.20

0.25

Over 80 to 100, incl

0.15

...

...

...

Fletcher Easysteel Page 86

Appendix:> Size Tolerances (to ASTM A29) Size Tolerances: for Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished Tolerances from Specified Size, Under Only, mm Size - Metric (mm)

Maximum of Carbon Range 0.28 or Less BCQ/BFC

Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.28 to 0.55 incl. 1040

Maximum of Carbon Range to 0.55% incl. Stress Relief or Annealed After Cold Finishing

Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.55% or All Grades Quenched and Tempered or Normalized Before Cold Finishing

Rounds - Cold Drawn (to 100mm in size) or Turned and Polished To 40, incl

0.05

0.08

0.10

0.13

Over 40 to 60, incl

0.08

0.10

0.13

0.15

Over 60 to 100, incl

0.10

0.13

0.15

0.18

Over 100 to 150, incl

0.13

0.15

0.18

0.20

Over 150 to 200, incl

0.15

0.18

0.20

0.23

Over 200 to 230, incl

0.18

0.20

0.23

0.25

Hexagons - Cold Drawn Up to 20, incl

0.05

0.08

0.10

0.15

Over 20 to 40, incl

0.08

0.10

0.13

0.18

Over 40 to 60, incl

0.10

0.13

0.15

0.20

Over 60 to 80, incl

0.13

0.15

0.18

0.23

Over 80 to 100, incl

0.13

0.15

...

Fletcher Easysteel Page 87

Appendix:> Size Tolerances (to ASTM A29) Size Tolerances: for Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished Tolerances from Specified Size, Under Only, mm Size - Metric (mm)

Maximum of Carbon Range 0.28 or Less BCQ/BFC

Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.28 to 0.55 incl. 1040

Maximum of Carbon Range to 0.55% incl. Stress Relief or Annealed After Cold Finishing

Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.55% or All Grades Quenched and Tempered or Normalized Before Cold Finishing

Squares - Cold Drawn Up to 20, incl

0.05

0.10

0.13

0.18

Over 20 to 40, incl

0.08

0.13

0.15

0.20

Over 40 to 60, incl

0.10

0.15

0.18

0.23

Over 60 to 100, incl

0.15

0.20

0.23

0.28

Over 100 to 130, incl

0.25

...

...

...

Over 130 to 150, incl

0.36

...

...

...

Flats - Cold Drawn To 20, incl

0.08

0.10

0.15

0.20

Over 20 to 40, incl

0.10

0.13

0.20

0.25

Over 40 to 80, incl

0.13

0.15

0.25

0.30

Over 80 to 100, incl

0.15

0.20

0.28

0.40

Over 100 to 150, incl

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.50

Over 150

0.33

0.38

...

...

Fletcher Easysteel Page 88

Appendix:> Straightness Tolerances (to ASTM A29) Straightness Tolerance for Cold-Finished Bars, A,B NOTE: All grades quenched and tempered or normalised and tempered to Brinell 302 maximum before cold finishing and all grades stress relieved or annealed after cold finishing. Straightness tolerances are not applicable to bars having Brinell hardness exceeding 302. Straightness Tolerances, mm (Maximum Deviation) from Straightness in any 3000mm Portion of the Bar Size - Metric (mm)

Length (mm)

Maximum of Carbon Range, 0.28% or less

Maximum of Carbon Range over 0.28% and all Grades Thermally Treated

Rounds

Squares, Hexagon & Octagons

Rounds

Squares, Hexagon & Octagons

Less than 4500

3

5

5

6

Less than 16

4500 and over

3

8

8

10

16 and over

Less than 4500

2

3

3

5

16 and over

4500 and over

3

5

5

5

Less than 16

A) The tolerances above are based on the following method of measuring straightness; departure from straightness is measured by placing the bar on a level table so that the arc or departure from straightness is horizontal and the depth of the arc is measured with a feeler gauge and a straightedge. B) It should be recognised that straightness is a perishable quality and may be altered by mishandling. The preservation of straightness in cold-finished bars required the utmost care in subsequent handling. Specific straightness tolerances are sometimes required for carbon and alloy steels in which case the purchaser should inform the manufacturer of the straightness tolerances and the methods to be used in checking the straightness. C) For centreless ground bars, the maximum deviation straightness shall be less than 0.30mm over 1 metre.

Straightness Tolerances for Hot-Wrought Bars and Bar Size Sections* Straightness Tolerances for Hot-Wrought Bars and Bar Size Sections* Standard Tolerances

6mm in any 1500mm or (length in mm/250)**

Special Tolerances

3mm in any 1500mm or (length in mm/500)**

* Because of warpage, straightness tolerances do not apply to bards if any subsequent heating operation or controlled cooling has been **

performed. Round to the nearest whole millimtre.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 89

Appendix:> ISO Tolerances Limits, µm (microns)

(mm/1000)

Lower

Upper

Lower

Upper

Lower

0

-6

0

-10

0

-14

0

-25

0

-40

0

-60

0

-100

6

0

-8

0

-12

0

-18

0

-30

0

-48

0

-75

0

-120

(6)

10

0

-9

0

-15

0

-22

0

-36

0

-58

0

-90

0

-150

(10 )

18

0

-11

0

-18

0

-27

0

-43

0

-70

0

-110

0

-180

(18 )

30

0

-13

0

-21

0

-33

0

-52

0

-84

0

-130

0

-210

(30 )

50

0

-16

0

-25

0

-39

0

-62

0

-100

0

-160

0

-250

(50 )

80

0

-19

0

-30

0

-46

0

-74

0

-120

0

-190

0

-300

(80 )

120

0

-22

0

-35

0

-54

0

-87

0

-140

0

-220

0

-350

(120 )

180

0

-25

0

-40

0

-63

0

-100

0

-160

0

-250

0

-400

(180 )

250

0

-29

0

-46

0

-72

0

-115

0

-185

0

-290

0

-460

(250 )

315

0

-32

0

-52

0

-81

0

-130

0

-210

0

-320

0

-520

Limits, microinches

(inches/1000)

Upper

Lower

Upper

0

-.35

0

-.59

0

-.87

0

-1.42

0

-2.28

0

-3.54

0

-5.91

(0.4)

0.7

0

-.43

0

-.71

0

-1.06

0

-1.69

0

-2.76

0

-4.33

0

-7.09

(0.7)

1.2

0

-.51

0

-.83

0

-1.30

0

-2.05

0

-3.31

0

-5.12

0

-8.27

(1.2)

2.0

0

-.63

0

-.98

0

-1.54

0

-2.44

0

-3.94

0

-6.30

0

-9.89

(2.0)

3.2

0

-.75

0

-1.18

0

-1.81

0

-2.91

0

-4.72

0

-7.48

0

-11.81

(3.2)

4.7

0

-.87

0

-1.38

0

-2.13

0

-3.43

0

-5.21

0

-8.66

0

-13.78

(4.7)

7.1

0

-.98

0

-1.58

0

-2.48

0

-3.94

0

-6.30

0

-9.84

0

-15.75

(7.1)

9.8

0

-1.14

0

-1.81

0

-2.84

0

-4.53

0

-7.28

0

-11.42

0

-18.11

(9.8)

12.4

0

-1.26

0

-2.05

0

-3.19

0

-5.12

0

-8.27

0

-12.60

0

-20.47

Lower

Lower

0.4

Upper

Upper

(0.2)

Lower

Lower

h12

Upper

h11

Lower

h10

Upper

h9

Lower

h8

Upper

h7

Up to & ncl.

h6

Above

Basic Size Imperial (“)

Upper

3 (3)

Above

Upper

h12

Lower

h11

Upper

h10

Lower

h9

Upper

h8

Lower

h7

Upper

h6

Lower

Up to & ncl.

Basic Size Metric (mm)

Appendix:> Machining Allowances In order to eliminate safely the scale originated during forging, rolling and annealing, the decarburisation and sometimes fine cracks, sufficient machining allowances must be adhered to when manufacturing. Basic sizes and pertinent largest finished sizes for rolled or forged round, square, hexagonal and octagonal bars.

Basic size thickness DR*

Largest finished size thickness DF*

Basic size thickness DR*

Largest finished size thickness DF*

Basic size thickness DR*

Largest finished size thickness DF*

Basic size thickness DR*

Largest finished size thickness DF*

10

8.0

45

41.5

120

113

240

228

12

10.0

50

46.0

130

123

250

237

14

12.0

55

51.0

140

132

260

247

15

12.5

60

55.5

150

142

300

285

16

13.5

65

60.5

160

151

350

333

18

15.5

70

65.0

170

161

400

380

20

17.5

75

70.0

180

170

450

428

22

19.5

80

75.0

190

180

500

476

25

22.5

85

80.0

200

189

600

571

30

27.0

90

84.0

210

199

35

32.0

100

94

220

209

40

36.5

110

103

230

218

Order Size Above Up To

Permissible dimensional deviation

Material layer to be removed min.

0 — 25

+0.4

0.25

25 — 63

+0.6

0.4

63 — 100

+0.6

0.5

100 — 160

+1.0

0.75

160 — 250

+1.0

1.0

250 — 315

+1.0

1.25

315 +

+1.6

1.5



30

Diagram acc. to DIN 17350 part 10 (draft 6/83)

25 20 15 10 5 4 3 2 1

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5

saving of weight in % when using tool steels with pre-machined compared to non-machined surface

Premachined steels offer the user smooth surface of the bars with machining allowances already strongly narrowed down. The advantages of a premachined surface can be seen from the diagram. Dependent on the size, 7 to 10% of the weight can be saved.

Diameter allowance in mm

Premachined Steels

*As thickness and diameter is valid in case of round bars, whereas for square hexagonal and octagonal bars it is the distance of the parallel side faces.

0 100 200 300 400 500 Finished size (diameter in mm)

Appendix:> Useful Tables Weights - Kg/Metre ROUND BARS: Metric Size mm

Imperial Equivalent Size inch

kg/m

Metric Size mm

Imperial Equivalent Size inch

kg/m

3 3.175 4 4.762 5 6 6.350 7.937 8 9.525 10 11.112 12 12.700 13 14 14.287 15.875 16 17 17.462 19 19.050 20 20.637 22 22.225

0.1181 1/8 0.1575 3/16 0.1969 0.2362 1/4 5/16 0.3150 3/8 0.3937 7/16 0.4724 1/2 0.5118 0.5512 9/16 5/8 0.6299 0.6693 11/16 0.7480 3/4 0.7874 13/16 0.8661 7/8

0.056 0.062 0.099 0.140 0.154 0.222 0.247 0.388 0.395 0.559 0.617 0.761 0.888 0.994 1.042 1.208 1.259 1.554 1.578 1.782 1.880 2.226 2.237 2.466 2.626 2.984 3.045

23.812 24 25 25.400 28 28.575 30 31.750 32 33 34.925 35 38.100 40 41.275 44.450 45 47.625 50 50.800 53.975 55 57.150 60 60.325 63.500 65

15/16 0.9449 0.9843 1 1.1024 11/8 1.1811 11/4 1.2598 1.2992 13/8 1.3780 11/2 1.5748 15/8 13/4 1.7717 17/8 1.9685 2 21/8 2.1654 21/4 2.3622 23/8 21/2 2.559

0.274 0.428 0.616 0.840 1.096 1.388 1.712

19.05 20.64 20.83 22.22 23.37 25.40 26.99

3/4

Metric Size mm

Imperial Equivalent Size inch

kg/m

3.496 3.551 3.853 3.978 4.834 5.034 5.549 6.215 6.313 6.714 7.520 7.553 8.950 9.865 10.504 12.181 12.485 13.984 15.413 15.911 17.962 18.650 20.137 22.195 22.436 24.861 26.049

69.850 70 75 76.200 80 82.55 88.90 90 100 101.60 105 110 114.30 120 127.0 130 140 150 152.40 160 180 200 210 220 230 250

23/4 2.756 2.953 3 3.149 31/4 31/2 3.543 3.937 4 4.134 4.331 41/2 4.724 5 5.118 5.512 5.905 6 6.299 7.086 7.874 8.267 8.661 9.055 9.842

30.081 30.120 34.680 35.799 39.458 42.013 48.726 49.939 61.654 63.642 67.973 74.601 80.547 88.781 99.441 104.19 120.84 138.72 143.19 157.83 199.75 246.61 271.89 298.40 326.14 385.33

2.466 2.894 2.948 3.358 3.711 4.386 4.946

28.57 31.75 34.92 38.10 47.24 52.07

11/8 11/4 13/8 11/2 1.860 2.050

5.550 6.853 8.292 9.868 15.166 18.379

HEXAGON BARS: 6.35 7.94 9.52 11.11 12.70 14.29 15.87

1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8

Fletcher Easysteel Page 92

13/16

0.820 7 /8 0.920 1 11/16

Appendix:> Approx. Comparison of Tensile Strength* tons/in2

p.s.i

kg/mm2

N/mm2 or MPa

16 20 23 26 29 30 32 33 35 36 39 40 42 45 46 49 50 52 55 58 60 62 65 68 70 71 75 78

37,000 45,000 51,500 58,000 65,000 67,000 72,000 74,000 78,500 81,000 87,500 90,000 94,000 101,000 103,000 110,333 112,000 116,500 123,000 130,000 134,500 139,000 146,000 153,000 157,000 159,000 168,000 175,000

25.8 31.6 36.5 40.8 45.7 47.1 50.6 52.0 55.5 57.0 61.8 63.3 66.0 71.0 72.5 77.3 78.75 82.0 86.5 91.4 94.5 97.7 102.6 107.5 110.4 111.8 118.0 123.0

250 309 355 402 448 463 494 510 541 556 602 618 649 695 710 757 772 803 849 896 927 957.5 1004 1050 1081 1097 1158 1205

tons/in2

p.s.i

kg/mm2

N/mm2 or MPa

80 81 84 85 88 90 91 94 95 97 100 104 105 107 110 113 115 117 120 123 125 126 130 133 135 136 140

180,000 182,000 188,000 190,000 197,000 202,000 204,000 210,000 213,000 217,000 224,000 233,000 235,000 240,000 246,500 253,000 257,600 262,000 269,000 275,500 280,000 282,500 291,000 298,000 302,400 304,500 313,600

126.0 128.0 132.2 133.6 138.5 142.0 143.4 148.4 149.7 152.6 157.5 163.8 165.4 168.5 173.2 178.0 181.1 184.3 189.0 194.0 197.0 198.0 205.0 209.0 213.0 214.0 221.0

1236 1251 1297 1313 1359 1390 1405 1452 1467 1498 1544 1606 1622 1653 1699 1745 1776 1807 1853 1900 1931 1946 2000 2054 2085 2010 2162

*A Guide Only

Metric to Gauge Gauge Number

9

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

Birmingham Gauge (mm)

3.50

3.00

2.50

2.00

1.60

1.20

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.50

0.40

Galv. Sheet Gauge (B.M.T.)

3.45

2.95

2.45

1.95

1.55

1.15

0.95

0.75

0.55

0.45

0.35

*Note: Mild Steel only

Fletcher Easysteel Page 93

Appendix:>

2392 2261 2158 2058 1962 1893 1817 1738 1665 1586 1513 1461 1391 1330 1271 1220 1175 1133 1097 1062 1029 1001 975 949 923 896 873

Fletcher Easysteel Page 94

Tensile Strength in MPa

Tensile Strength in MPa

68.0 65.3 63.3 61.7 60.0 58.7 57.3 56.0 54.7 53.5 52.1 51.0 49.6 48.5 47.1 45.7 44.5 43.1 41.8 40.4 39.1 37.9 36.6 35.5 34.3 33.1 32.1 30.9 29.9 28.8 27.6 26.6

Rockwell Hardness No. C-Scale 150kg Load Brale Penetrator

Rockwell Hardness No. C-Scale 150kg Load Brale Penetrator

(110.0) (109.0) (108.5) (108.0) (107.5) (107.0) (106.0) (105.5) (104.5) (104.0) (103.0)

B-Scale 100kg Load 1/16” dia. Ball

B-Scale 100kg Load 1/16” dia. Ball

940 840 780 737 697 667 640 615 591 569 547 528 508 491 472 455 440 424 410 396 383 372 360 349 339 328 319 309 301 292 284 276

Diamond Pyramid Hardness No.

Diamond Pyramid Hardness No.

682 653 627 601 578 555 534 514 495 477 461 444 429 415 401 388 375 363 352 341 331 321 311 302 293 285 277 269 262 *A Guide Only

Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball 3000kg Load

Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball 3000kg Load

Approx. Equivalent Hardness Numbers and Tensile Strength for Brinell Hardness for Steel*

255 248 241 235 229 223 217 212 207 201 197 192 187 183 179 174 170 167 163 159 156 152 149 146 143 140 137 134 131 128 126

269 261 253 247 241 234 228 222 218 212 207 202 196 192 188 182 178 175 171 167 163 159 156 153 150 146 143 140 137 134 132

(102.0) (101.0) 100.0 99.0 98.2 97.3 96.4 95.5 94.6 93.8 92.9 91.8 90.7 90.0 89.0 87.8 86.8 86.0 85.0 83.8 82.9 81.7 80.8 79.8 78.7 77.6 76.4 75.2 74.0 72.7 72.0

25.4 24.2 22.8 21.7 20.5 (18.8) (17.5) (16.0) (15.2) (13.8) (12.7) (11.5) (10.0) (9.0) (8.0) (6.4) (5.4) (4.4) (3.3) (2.1) (0.9) -

849 826 803 783 764 742 722 706 691 672 658 642 625 612 599 583 570 560 546 535 526 514 504 495 485 475 464 455 446 437 431

Appendix:> Conversion Factors: To calculate the weight of steel bars: ROUND

- dia. mm2 x 0.006165

= Weight in kilograms per metre

ROUND

- dia. mm x 0.004143

= Weight in lbs per foot

HEXAGON

- Size mm2 x 0.006798

= Weight in kilograms per metre

HEXAGON

- Size mm x 0.00457

= Weight in lbs per foot

SQUARE

- Size mm2 x 0.00785

= Weight in kilograms per metre

SQUARE

- Size mm x 0.00527

= Weight in lbs per foot

FLAT

- Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.00785

= Weight in kilograms per metre

2

2

2

FLAT

- Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.00527

= Weight in lbs. per foot

TOOL STEEL

- Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.00785

= Weight in kilograms per metre

TOOLING PLATE (Aluminium)

- Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.0027

= Weight in kilograms per metre

General: lbs. per foot x 1.4880

= kilograms per metre

kilograms per metre x 0.6720

= lbs. per foot

Feet x 0.3048

= metres

Metres x 3.2809

= feet

U.K. tons per sq. inch (tons f/in.2) x 15.4443

= Mega Pascals (MPa)

Mega Pascals (MPa) x 0.064749

= u.k. tons f per square inch

Newton per sq. millimeter (N/mm2) x 0.064749

= U.K. tons f per square inch.

Mega Pascals (MPa) x 145.0377

= pounds per square inch (psi)

Units of Stress:

This book has used the megapascal (MPa) as the standard unit of stress. The same values may be seen in other publications as Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm2). To obtain other units of stress the following conversion factors may be used to get approximate values.

From

To

MPa

kg/mm

MPa

psi

MPa

Tons/in2

2

Multiply by

From

To

0.102

kg/mm

MPa

9.8

145

psi

MPa

0.0069

0.065

Tons/in2

MPa

15.4

2

Multiply by

Fletcher Easysteel Page 95

Services:> Indent Indent Sourcing

For the products and quantities outside our stocking policy, Fletcher Easysteel has many years of experience in sourcing a comprehensive range of steel and related products for our customers for the products and quantities outside our stocked range. The resulting well established channels, relationships with suppliers, and collective purchasing leverage means Fletcher Easysteel is well positioned to cater for your indent requirements.

Further, our ability to co-ordinate indent orders in a centralised operation ensures excellent service at all times. In addition to our normal ex-stock range which can also be sourced through indent, Fletcher Easysteel has indent channels for an extensive range of products which include the following: Steel Sheet Piling 7 Wire Strand and Wire Steel Rails Spring Steels Boiler Tubes Head Plates (Dished Ends) Tool Steels Forgings Titanium Hollow Bar Inconel - Nickel Alloys Elmedur - Copper Alloys Flat Rolled Steel Products: • Tin Plate and Tin Free Steel • Terne Sheet • Electrical Steels • Electrogalv Steel • Hot Dip Galvanised Steel • Galfan • Zincalume • Cold Rolled Sheet and Coil (all grades) • Prepainted Sheet and Coil • Enamelling Sheet and Coil • Aluminised Sheet and Coil • High Carbon Steel and Coil Please contact your local Easysteel Sales Centre with your enquiry.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 96

Auckland Invercargill Rotorua 575 Great South Road, Penrose, Private Bag 92803, Auckland. Ph: 09 525 9400 Fax: 09 525 9401

54 Tweed Street, Tallyho Street, P.O.Box 957, P.O.Box 331, Invercargill. Rotorua. Ph: 03 211 0696 Ph: 07 348 3039 Fax: 03 218 2318 Fax: 07 347 7353

Hamilton

Hawkes Bay

Tauranga

Ellis Street, P.O.Box 828, Hamilton. Ph: 07 846 2700 Fax: 07 846 2708

Cnr Omahu and Wilson Road, Private Bag 6005, Hastings. Ph: 06 873 9036 Fax: 06 879 6880

99 Aviation Ave, Mt. Maunganui P.O.Box 450, Tauranga Ph: 07 572 9700 Fax: 07 572 9707

Christchurch Nelson

Wellington

Lunns Road, Middleton, P.O.Box 8372, Riccarton, Christchurch. Ph: 03 348 8479 Fax: 03 343 0320

42 Beach Road, Richmond, Nelson. Ph: 03 543 8215 Fax: 0800 432 793

Burnham Street Private Bag, Petone. Ph: 04 570 8472 Fax: 04 570 8473

Dunedin

New Plymouth

Whangarei

Cnr Otaki and Orari Street, P.O.Box 34, Dunedin. Ph: 0800 327 978 Fax: 0800 432 793

Corbett Road, Bell Block, Private Bag 2003, New Plymouth. Ph: 06 755 9039 Fax: 06 755 2099

33 Rewarewa Road, P.O.Box 292, Whangarei. Ph: 09 470 2510 Fax: 09 438 4589

Palmerston North 120 Kaimanawa Street, Kelvin Grove, Private Bag 11017, Palmerston North. Ph: 06 354 2622 Fax: 06 354 2623

As part of Fletcher Easysteel’s policy of continued product improvement, the company reserves the right, at any time, at their discretion and without notice to discontinue or change the features, designs, materials, colours and other specifications of their product and to either permanently or temporarily withdraw any such products from the market without incurring any liability. This publication is issued as a general guide only and should not be treated as a substitute for detailed technical advice in relation to individual circumstances. Fletcher Easysteel disclaim any liability for loss or damage suffered from the use of such data. To the best of our knowledge, all information is correct at the time of printing. A division of Fletcher Building Ltd. Copyright December 2008.