Staad-Rcdc Structural Training Module

TABLE OF CONTENTS I.

INTRODUCTION Staad Pro interface

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II. PROJECT OVERVIEW Floor plan Elevation

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III. DESIGN PARAMETERS AND CONSTANTS NSCP code requirements for wind application design Low-Rise buildings (Simplified) Adjustment factors Wind load calculation Wind load coefficient tables Purlins design inputs Truss load design inputs

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IV. DESIGN OF PURLINS IN STAAD PRO

Modeling Assigning of loads Design and analysis of purlins Checking of postprocess results

VI. DESIGN OF MAIN STRUCTURE

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V. DESIGN OF TRUSS IN STAAD PRO

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Creating new model Adding and assigning section Assigning of support Defining of load combination Design and analysis of purlins Checking of postprocess results

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Structure modeling Creating and assigning specifications Model management Assigning of load Creating and assigning of floor diaphragm Creating and assigning of load definition & combinations Drift limit computation Base shear check and calculation Design and analysis of concrete design

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34 37 40 41 42 43 45 47 48

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VII. REINFORCED DESIGN USING RCDC

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Opening project in RCDC Grouping of members Setting parameters Loadings Design and analysis Output production Saving of drawings Beam design Slab design Final drawing

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STAAD.Pro I. INTRODUCTION Formerly, the analysis and design of structures has been a very extensive work that can take you hours, days, or months of calculations the most experienced designer. Such a feat has now been reduced in time, by the help of computer programs specializing in the design and structural analysis. There are software packages that allow you to perform such work, such as STAAD.Pro, SAP 200, ETABS, Tricalc, RISA, among others. Being the STAAD.Pro program, one of the most widely used by structural engineers.

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About STAAD.Pro (STructural Analysis and Design) STAAD.Pro is general purpose program for structural analysis and design with applications primarily in the building industry – commercial buildings, bridges and structures, industrial structures, structures for chemical plants, dams, retaining walls, foundations of turbines, sewers and other embedded structures, etc. Therefore, the program consists of the following means for this task.

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1. Utilities for generating graphical model and based text editor commands to create the mathematical model. Members of the beam and column are represented by lines. Panel type entities, slabs and walls are represented by triangular and rectangular finite elements. Blocks are represented using solid brick elements. These utilities allow you to create the geometry, assign properties, target cross sections as you wish, assign materials like steel, concrete, wood, aluminium, specify supports, apply loads explicitly and have the program generate loads, design parameters etc. ..

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2. Analysis engine to perform linear elastic analysis of PDELTA, finite element analysis, extraction and dynamic response frequency (spectrum, time history, steady state, etc.).

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3. Engine design for code verification and optimization of the members of steel, aluminium and wood. Calculations of reinforcement for concrete beams, columns, slabs and shear walls. Design of shear and moment connections for steel members.

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4. Result visualization tools generation and verification result report to examine patterns of displacement, bending moment and shear force diagrams, beam, plate and solid efforts contours. 5. Peripheral tools for activities such as import and export data to and from other widely accepted formats, links to other popular programs for niche areas such as the design of slabs of reinforcement and prestressed concrete, foundation design, steel connection design, etc.

CECOMP1

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6. A library of functions exposed OpenSTAAD call that allows you to access internal functions and routines STAAD.Pro and their graphics to access the database and link STAAD input and output third command software written using languages such as C, C + +, VB, VBA, FORTRAN, Java, Delphi, etc. .. So, can OpenSTAAD used to link internal or third-party applications with STAAD.Pro.

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A. Menu Bar Located at the top of the screen, the menu bar provides access to all commands STAAD.Pro. B. Tool Bar The dockable toolbar provides access to the most frequently used commands can also create your own customized toolbar. C. Control Page Control page is a set of tabs on the left side of the screen. Each tab in the Control page allows you to perform specific tasks. The pages are arranged from top to bottom, represents the logical sequence of operations, such as defining beams, specification of member properties, loading and so on. Each tab has a name and an icon for easy identification. The name of the cards may or may not appear depending on your screen resolution and window size of STAAD.Pro. However, the icons always appear in the tabs Control page. The pages in the area of control of the page depend on the operating mode. The operating mode can be set from the mode menu bar.

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D. Main Window This is the largest area in the center of the screen, where the drawings and model results are shown in pictorial form.

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E. Data Area The right side of the screen is called the Data Area. Where different dialogues, tables, list boxes, etc. appears depending on the type of operation being performed. For example, when you select Geometry l Page Beam the data area contains the node-coordinate member-incidence and ironing board. When you’re in Load Page the content of the changes in the data areas shows the load cases assigned currently and icons for different types of loads. The icons in the toolbar and the area of Page Control ToolTip offer help. As we move the mouse over a button, the button name appears – called a ToolTip – above or below the button. This helps identify the floating Tooltip icon. A brief description of the icon also appears in the status bar.

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II. PROJECT OVERVIEW

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GROUND FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

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SECOND FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

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ROOF BEAM FRAMING PLAN

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III. DESIGN PARAMETERS AND CONSTANTS

= = BOTTOM CHORD LOAD =

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ROOF LIVE

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STANDARD OCCUPANCY VELOCITY EXPOSURE HEIGHT Kzt Span (L) Roof Angle

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0.15 0.10 0.25

Kpa Kpa Kpa

LIVE LOAD = 0.60

Kpa

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MEP CEILING

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DEAD LOAD SELFWEIGHT = generated by STAAD GI SHEET = 0.05 Kpa PURLINS = 0.10 Kpa INSULATION SHEET = 0.05 Kpa TOP CHORD LOAD = 0.20 Kpa

WIND LOAD = = = = = =

250.00 B 8.40 1.00 16.70 10.00

Kph m m deg.

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O TA J AN .L D R Simplified calculation of wind load for low rise buildings • RDL

Buildings with h ≤ 18 m Page 9 of 62

Low rise building (defined @ Sec. 207.A.2)

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Calculation of width of pressure coefficient zone (a) a = 10% of least horizontal dimension or 0.4h, whichever is smaller, but not less than either 4% of least horizontal dimension or 0.9 m. therefore: a = 0.10 x 19.5 = 1.95 m or a = 0.40 x 8.40 = 3.36 m but either not less than 0.04(19.5) = 0.78 m or 0.9 m

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use a = 1.95 m

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Wind pressure diagram for Wind Load Calculation for MWFRS Case A – wind force is normal to ridge Case B – wind force is parallel to ridge

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Adjustment factor for building height and exposure, Roof mean height: 8.4 m

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Consider λ it is impractical to use interpolation because for exposure B from 0 – 9 m mean height is 1.0, therefore use: λ = 1.00

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Wind load calculation for C&Cs for purlins Design Net Pressure formula:

(207E .5 – 1)

Pnet = (λ)(Kzt)(pnet9) Purlins effective area calculation, L= W=

3.0 m (least purlin span of truss spacing , considered smallest span) 0.6 m or not smaller than; 1/3 of span, 3.0 = 1.0 m Thus, use: W = 1.00 Purlins effective area = 3.0 x 1.0 = 3.0 m2, use category 2.0 m2

pnet9 (KN/m2) l

1.00

2 3 2 3 1.09 1.09 3.04 4.57 4.19 4.71

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1 1.09 -1.85

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ROOF OVERHANG

ZONE

Kzt

REMARKS direct pressure

↓

uplift pressure

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pnet = READY INPUT TO STAAD (KN/m)

PURLIN SPACING (m)

ROOF OVERHANG

ZONE 1 0.65

0.6

direct pressure

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uplift pressure

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-1.11

2 3 2 3 0.65 0.65 1.82 2.74 2.51 2.83

REMARKS

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PURLINS DESIGN STAAD INPUT LOADS: DEAD LOAD = (0.05(G.I.S.) + 0.05(I.S.)) X 0.80 DEAD LOAD = 0.10 X 0.80 = 0.08 KN/m LIVE LOAD = 0.60 X 0.80 = 0.48 KN/m

TABLE 1 - PRIMARY LOAD CASE NAME

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LC DL1

Dead Load - Selfweight + Superimposed Dead Load

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LLR1

Roof Live Load

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WL1

Wind Load - Direct Action

4

WL2

Wind Load - Uplift Action

101 102 103

1.4DL1

1.2DL1 + 1.6LLR1

1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL1 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL2

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TABLE 2 - DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION - LRFD

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LC

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0.9DL1 + 1.0WL1

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0.9DL1 + 1.0WL2

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LC

TABLE 3 - SERVICE LOAD COMBINATION - FOR VERTICAL DEFLECTION CHECK

201

1.0DL1 + 1.0LLR1

SEE MODEL : 1. PURLINS.STD

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Wind load calculation for C&Cs for Truss Design Net Pressure formula:

(207E .5 – 1)

Pnet = (λ)(Kzt)(pnet9) Truss effective area calculation, L W

= =

19.5 + 1.2 m (overhang length) x 2 = 21.90 m 3.00 m or not smaller than; 1/3 of span, 19.50 = 6.5 m Thus, use: W = 6.50 m Truss effective area = 21.90 x 6.50 = 142.35 m2, use category 9.50 m2

pnet (KN/m2) ZONE

Kzt

2

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2

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0.85

0.85

0.85

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1.72

2.44

-3.83

-4.19

-4.71

direct pressure uplift pressure

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1.00

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1.00

REMARKS

ROOF OVERHANG

↑

READY INPUT TO STAAD (KN/m)

TRUSS SPACING (m)

ZONE 2

2.55

2.55

5.16

7.32

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2

2.55

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REMARKS

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-11.49 -12.57 -14.13

direct pressure uplift pressure

↓ ↑

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3.00

1

ROOF OVERHANG

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TRUSS LOADS STAAD INPUT LOADS: DEAD LOAD TOP CHORD LOAD = 0.20 X 3.00 = 0.60 KN/m BOTTOM CHORD LOAD = 0.25 X 3.00 = 0.75 KN/m LIVE LOAD ROOF LIVE LOAD = 0.60 X 3.00 = 1.80 KN/m

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TABLE 1 - PRIMARY LOAD CASE NAME

DL1

Dead Load - Selfweight + Superimposed Dead Load

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LLR1

Roof Live Load

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WL1

Wind Load - Direct Action

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WL2

Wind Load - Uplift Action

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TABLE 2 - DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION - LRFD

1.4DL1

1.2DL1 + 1.6LLR1

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LC

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1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL1

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1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL2

105

0.9DL1 + 1.0WL1

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103

106

0.9DL1 + 1.0WL2

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TABLE 3 - SERVICE LOAD COMBINATION - FOR VERTICAL DEFLECTION CHECK

201

1.0DL1 + 1.0LLR1

SEE MODEL : 2. TRUSS.STD

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IV. DESIGN OF PURLINS IN STAAD PRO 1. CREATE NEW FOLDER (STAAD WORKSHOP) 2. OPEN STAAD.Pro ICON (double click) 3. CREATE NEW PROJECT

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CLICK TO CREATE NEW MODEL

Click to find file saving location

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4. SETTING UP OF FILE NAME AND FILE LOCATION

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5. Input first node X, Y, Z coordinates

Input X,Y,Z coordinates

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Node

6. Using Translational repeat icon to model faster the purlins

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- use icon or Menu bar (Geometry > Translational Repeat)

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Translational repeat icon

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7. Assigning of Property to the model

Add property, input (Section Name = C150), (D = 0.15), (Tf = 0.0015), (Wf = 0.075), (Tw = 0.0015) > Calculate > OK

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- Since the Purlin to be used is not available on the section database of STAAD we create new section using: User table > Add New Property > (drag button to channel) > OK

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8. Adding and Assigning Section

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- click section added > select section to be added > click assign > OK

9. Assigning angle of rotation for section if any

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- Beta angle > Create Beta Angle > input 10 deg. Angle of roof > OK - Assign

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10. Assigning of support

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- create support then assign

11. Assigning of loads

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- Add Dead, Live and Wind load cases

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Define Load combination

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Add design loads for each case load REFER to Purlins design load computed Assign loads to members

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12. Design and analysis of purlins - set code (ACI 360-10) then, 1. SELECT PARAMETERS – select parameters to be customized 2. DEFINE PARAMETERS – edit and input values of parameters selected and assign - Method LRFD - FYLD 248000 - LX 1 , LY 1

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After setting of design codes and commands we are now ready to RUN ANALYSIS (Cltr+F5) Wait for analysis to finish

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3. COMMANDS – choose designs

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13. After analysis, check in the postprocessing UTILITY CHECK

Based on the utilization ratio it is found out on the checking that the highest ratio is 0.709 which is lower than the allowable ratio = 1.00, therefore safe.

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Utility check allowable ratio to be safe is 1.00 if it is more than the designer should do the necessary adjustments.

DEFLECTION CHECK (from IBC 2012): Node - Displacements

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Wind load (WL2) = L / 180 Live Load (LL) = L / 180 Dead Load + Live Load (DL + LL) = L / 120

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V. DESIGN OF TRUSS IN STAAD PRO

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TRUSS ELEVATION DRAWING

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1. STEPS ON PURLINS DESIGN FROM 1 TO 11 ARE THE SAME FOR TRUSS MODELING AND LOADING 2. Assigning of specifications for truss - we create and assign partial moment release for web members of truss - MP = 0.99 for start and end

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3. Assigning of loads - Add dead, Live and Wind load cases

DL1, LLR1, WL1, WL2 - Define Load combination 101 : 1.4DL1 102 : 1.2DL1 + 1.6LLR1 103 : 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL1 103 : 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL2 104 : 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL1 106 : 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL2 201 : 1.0DL1 + 1.0LLR1 202 : 1.0DL1 + 0.75LLR1 + 0.6WL1 203 : 1.0DL1 + 0.75LLR1 + 0.6WL2 204 : 1.0DL1 + 0.6WL1 205 : 1.0DL1 + 0.6WL2 - Add design loads for each case load - REFER to Truss design load computed

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- Assign loads to members

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4. Design and analysis of purlins - set code (ACI 360-10) then, a. SELECT PARAMETERS – select parameters to be customized b. DEFINE PARAMETERS – edit and input values of parameters selected and assign - Method LRFD - FYLD 248000 - set LZ & LY - check code - steel take off

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c. COMMANDS – choose designs

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After setting of design codes and commands we are now ready to RUN ANALYSIS (Cltr+F5) Wait for analysis to finish

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5. After analysis, check in the postprocessing UTILITY CHECK

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Based on the utilization ratio it is found out on the checking that the highest ratio is 0.844 which is lower than the allowable ratio = 1.00, therefore safe.

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- Utility check allowable ratio to be safe is 1.00 if it is more than the designer should do the necessary adjustments.

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VI. DESIGN OF MAIN STRUCTURE 1. Create new folder (staad workshop) 2. Open staad.pro icon (double click) 3. Create new project

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CLICK TO CREATE NEW MODEL

Click to find file saving location

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4. Setting up of file name and file location

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5. Input first node X, Y, Z coordinates 3 modes of modeling in staad o o o

Using DATA INPUT ( x, y , z) Using Staad Editor together with Microsoft excel By import from other programs (ex. Autocad)

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Node

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Input X,Y,Z coordinates

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6. Using Translational repeat icon to model faster the purlins - use icon or Menu bar (Geometry > Translational Repeat)

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Translational repeat icon

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7. Adding of Property to the model - follow instructions by : Define > Rectangle > (set dimensions) > Add

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8. Adding and Assigning Section

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- click section added > select section to be added > click assign > OK

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9. Creating and Assigning Specifications

10. Assigning of support

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- input specifications of the property - Assign to corresponding properties - Reduction factor for moment of Inertia is used to reduce the bending stiffness of concrete columns per ACI 318-14 Table 6.6.3.1.1(a) (ACI 318-11 Section 10.10.4.1) - the values are given by the code to be 0.70 & 0.35

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- create support then assign to corresponding nodes

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- Using translational repeat to complete the model

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Complete frame 1.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – FULL STRUCTURE W/ PROPERTIES AND SPECS

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- refer to framing plan

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- Adding and assigning of moment release

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Moment release are needed to define in the model specially on beams which moments are needed to release. This command is usually done and assigned to secondary beams.

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- 2.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ SPECS RELEASE

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11. Model management -

Renumbering of nodes and members 3.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – RENUMBERED NODES & BEAM NUMBER It is important to renumber nodes, beams and columns for easier communication for the project management.

Node Numbering Base starts at 1000 2f starts at 2000 Roof starts at 3000 Beam Numbering Base starts at 100 2f starts at 200

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Roof starts at 300

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12. Assigning of loads DL = DEAL LOAD, LL = LIVE LOAD Add Dead, Live and Seismic load cases Creating and assigning of reference load 4.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ REFERENCE LOAD

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13. Creating and assigning of floor diaphragm - This command directs the engine to perform the following - Calculate the center of mass for each rigid diaphragm with consideration of the mass of the structure. - Create and locate the center of mass and center of rigidity of the structure which is used to analyze the balance of the structure. 5.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – SETTING FLOOR DIAPHRAGM, RIGID STRUCTURE

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14. Creating and assigning of Seismic load definitions 6.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ SEISMIC LOAD DEFINITION

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15. Creating and assigning of load definitions and load combinations

Creating of load combinations

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- 7.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – CREATING LOAD DEFINITIONS AND COMBINATIONS

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Adding & assigning of loads to load definitions 8.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – ADDING & ASSIGNING LOADS

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Adding & assigning of loads to load definitions 9.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ PERFORM ANALYSIS, LOAD LIST, STOREY DRIFT, DIAGPRAHM CR

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Compute for the drift limit of the structure to input in the program

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Open staad editor o Encode after perform analysis: LOAD LIST 501 TO 508

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- after typing and completing the necessary post processing tools, run analysis to check for any errors, check also the output base shear and compare to manual base shear calculation

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STAAD OUTPUT

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MANUAL CALCULATION OF BASE SHEAR

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16. Design and analysis of Concrete Design -

10.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – SETTING OF DESIGN PARAMETERS

- set code (ACI 318 2011) then,

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1. SELECT PARAMETERS – select parameters to be customized - clb, cls, clt = 0.04 m - fc = 25000 kn/m2 - FYmain = 415000 kn/m2 - FYsec = 275000 kn/m2 - maxmain = 25 mm2 - minmain = 16 mm2 - minsec = 10 mm2

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Design Parameters Definition

ACI 318 Design Parameters Parameter Name

Default Value

Description

FYMAIN

60000 psi or 415 Mpa

Yield stress for main reinforcing steel

FYSEC

60000 psi or 415 Mpa

Yield stress for secondary steel

FC

4000 psi or 28 Mpa

Compressive strength of concrete

CLT

1.5 in or 0.0381 mm for beams 0.75 in or 0.019 mm

Clear cover for top reinforcement

CLB

1.5 in or 0.0381 mm for beams 0.75 in or 0.019 mm

Clear cover for bottom reinforcement

CLS

1.5 in or 0.0381 mm for beams 0.75 in or 0.019 mm

Clear cover for side reinforcement

MINMAIN

#4 or 12 mm

MINSEC

#4 or 12 mm

MAXMAIN

maximum available rebar size

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SFACE

EFACE

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REINF

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MMAG

WIDTH

ZD

DEPTH

YD

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Minimum main reinforcement bar size (Number 4 - 18) Minimum secondary reinforcement reinforcement bar size (Number 4 - 18) Maximum main reinforcement bar size Face of support location at start of beam. If specified, shear force at start is computed at a distance of SFACE + d from the start joint of the member.

Face of support location at end of beam. If specified, the shear force at end is computed at a distance of EFACE + d from the end joint of the member. Note: Both SFACE and EFACE are input as positive numbers. 0.0 = Tied Column 1.0 = Spiral column For columns only. Column design moments are magnified by this factor Width of concrete member. This value defaults to ZD as provided under MEMBER PROPERTIES. Depth of concrete member. This value defaults to YD as provided under MEMBER PROPERTIES

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12

TRACK

0.0

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NSECTION

Number of equally spaced sections to be considered in finding critical moments for beam design. Beam Design: 0.0 = Critical moment will not be printed out with beam design report. 1.0 = Critical moment will be printed out with beam design report 2.0 = Print out required steel areas for all intermediate sections specified by NSECTION Column Design: 0.0 = Prints out detailed design reports 1.0 = Prints out column interaction analysis results in addition to TRACK 0.0 output 2.0 = Prints out a schematic interaction diagram and intermediate interaction values in addition to TRACK 2.0 results.

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Minimum reinforcement required in a concrete column. Enter a value between 0.0 and 0.08, where 0.08 = 8% reinforcement; the maximum allowed by the ACI code.

0.01

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17. DEFINE PARAMETERS – edit and input values of parameters selected and then

Beam design Column design, etc.

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18. Design Commands

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assign

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After setting of design codes and commands we are now ready to RUN ANALYSIS (Cltr+F5) Wait for analysis to finish Analyze of concrete design 11.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – CONCRETE DESIGN

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Design output and results

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RCDC DETAILING AND PRODUCTION OF DRAWINGS

With RCDC you can design concrete elements, such as beams, columns, and walls in an automated and interactive workflow as well as maintain full control of your designs by setting individual design parameters. With this specialized application you can quickly produce detailed design drawings for beam line elevations, column line elevations, automatic cross section details, and bar termination geometry. Improve your deliverables with easy-to-create individual beam bar bending schedules, column schedule tables and beam schedule tables.

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1. OPENING PROJECT IN RCDC a. Fill up the required information, also choose code to be used (ACI 318M – 2011) b. Browse saved STAAD pro file to be detailed and designed c. Choose design element d. Create new project, wait until loading is finished

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RCDC interface for column design o RCDC is one of the easiest programs used in structural detailing and designing

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2. GROUPING OF MEMBERS - It is important to group to better visualize and to minimize output for better presentation

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3. SETTING OF PARAMETERS

3.2. Reinforcement settings

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- set rebar diameters to be used, max and min. - also spacings can be manipulated

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3.1. Design Settings

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4. LOADINGS

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4.1. assign load types by setting it to the right-side drop-down button of the load case

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4.2. create or impost load case, the user can either create new load combinations or import from preset data of RCDC or from STAAD Pro load combinations assigned previously.

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5. DESIGN AND ANALYZE - After setting all necessary requirements you are ready to design.

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6. OUTPUT PRODUCTION - After the design, make sure no members fail, otherwise you need to redesign such members or make necessary adjustments. - There are various of output data that you can generate in the reports section on the main bar of the program as a designer it is your call to assess the most important details you need.

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Select columns that you want to view elevation

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After design save the file

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Column elevation

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7. Save detailed drawing - Save detailed drawing output from RCDC - It should be saved as (.dxf) file for autocad import.

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Rebar assignment

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8. Beam design interface - Note. Beam design steps is basically the same step as column design. - Beam design interface

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9. Slab Design Note. Beam design steps is basically the same step as column design.

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12.0 MAIN STRUCTURE – WITH SLAB

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10. Final Drawing production - After saving you can open Autocad - The files saved in RCDC can also be opened easily in Autocad just like an Autocad file will. - Copy and paste drawing produced by RCDC to your template in Autocad, adjust scale and texts if necessary. - Save.

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