Staad Manual

MICROCADD TECHNOLOGIES - Master Reseller of Research Engineers, Inc. for STAAD.Pro - Best Performing Autodesk Authorized Training Center ASEAN 1999 awarded by AUTODESK in Maui, Hawaii - ASEAN ATC (Authorized Autodesk Training Center) Highest Rating Award for the year 2000, awarded by AUTODESK in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia - Recipient of “Best Instructor Award” for the year 2000 by AUTODESK in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Acknowledgment

To all engineers, architects

To all students who participated in our workshops

To all companies who entrusted their staff to us for training To Research Engineers Inc., who developed the program Above all, To God Almighty. We dedicate this manual.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Description

Page

About StaadPro ....................................................................................... 1 Hardware/System Requirements ..................................... ....................

2

Loading Staad Program .........................................................................

3

StaadPro Screen Organization .............................................................

4

Different Modes of Opertions ................................................................. 5 Page/Sub-page menus in Modelling Mode ..........................................

6

Different Type of Structures ....................................................................

7

Unit System ..............................................................................................

8

Coordinate System ................................................................................. Global Coordinate System ......................................................... Cylindrical Coordinate System .................................................. Reverse Cylindrical Coodinate System .................................... Local Coodinate System ............................................................

8 9 9 10 10

Beta Angle ...............................................................................................

11

How to Create New Structure ................................................................

13

Command Formats .................................................................................

14

Problem Initiation and Title .....................................................................

16

Unit Specification ....................................................................................

16

Input/Output Specification ....................................................................... 17 Joint Coordinates Specification ............................................................

17

Defining joint node using Graphical User Interface .............................

21

Member Incidences Specification ........................................................

23

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Table of Contents

Creating Geometry Using Liabrary .......................................................

26

Importing Geometry from CAD software ..............................................

31

Editing of Model Geometry Erase ............................................................................................ Copy ............................................................................................. Mirror ............................................................................................ Break All ...................................................................................... Renumber ....................................................................................

32 32 34 35 35

Display Options Zoom ............................................................................................ Pan ............................................................................................... View Selected Members only .................................................... To View Tables ............................................................................ To View Whole Structure ............................................................ Orientation ................................................................................... Configuration of display ..............................................................

36 37 37 38 39 39 41

Group Command ....................................................................................

49

Element Incidence Specification ...................................... ....................

52

Built-in Steel Section Library .................................................................

54

Member Property Specification.............................................................

57

Group Command ....................................................................................

49

Element Incidence Specification ...................................... ....................

52

Built-in Steel Section Library .................................................................

54

Member Property Specification............................................................. Specifying Properties from steel table ...................................... Prismatic Property Specification ............................................... Prismatic Tapered Tube Property Specification........................ Tapered Member Specification ..................................................

57 58 60 61 61

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Table of Contents

Element Property Specification..............................................................

66

Defining of Loads Selfweight .................................. .................................................. Joint Load ................................................ .................................... Member Load ................. ............................................................ Uniform Load ................................................................... Concentrated Load .......................................................... Linearly Varying Load ..................................................... Trapezoidal Load ............................................................ Area / Floor Load ........................................................................

70 72 72 73 74 75 76 78

Exercise Steel Truss ...............................................................................

81

Load Combination ..................................................................................

86

Global Support Specification .................................................................

89

Analysis Specification ............................................................................

93

Load List Command ...............................................................................

95

Parameter Specifications ......................................................................

97

Select Optimized Command .................................................................

99

Code Checking Command ....................................................................

100

Steel Take Off Command .......................................................................

101

Print Specification ..................................................................................

103

Draw Specification .................................................................................

109

Sample Input File (Steel Truss) .............................................................

112

Tabulated Results of Steel Design ........................................................

115

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

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Table of Contents

Plan of Four-Storey Commercial Bldg. ................................................. Load Criteria ............................................................................... Constants ..................................................................................... Member Properties .................................................................... Loadings ......................................................................................

116 120 121 122 123

UBC 1997 Load Definition ....................................................................

125

Concrete Design Specification .............................................................

127

Concrete Take Off Command ................................................................

134

Footing Design Specification ................................................................

136

StaadPro Toolbars ..................................................................................

151

EDP ..........................................................................................................

158

Windows ..................................................................................................

165

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About STAAD.Pro In STAAD.Pro, the focus is on productivity. STAAD.Pro addresses the entire process of Structural Engineering. From model development to analysis to design drafting to detailing - and even component design - STAAD/Pro is designed to work the way the Structural Design Office woks. The STAAD engine provides general-purpose structural analysis and integrated STEEL/CONCRETE/TIMBER design. The STARDYNE engine provides advanced analysis facilities. Built around a com prehensive finite element library, the STARDYNE engine provides powerful Dynamic, Seismic,Non-linear, Thermal, Buckling and other advanced analysis capabilities. The FEMKIT environment offers graphically oriented Finite Element modeling and

verification facilities - complete with 2D/3D meshing technologies and powerful model verification tools. The Visual Draw CAD engine allows generation of Plans, Elevations, Sections and detail drawings. Fully integrated in the STAAD/Pro environment, Visual DRAW provides drawings generation, editing and plotting capabilities. The STAAD.etc is the "engineer's structural toolkit" containing various component analysis and design module groups including foundations, masonry, timber, steel, concrete and general analysis . As a standalone product, STAAD.etc can be used to design small portal frames, continuous beams, footings, retaining walls, one-way slab, connections, shear walls and much more. STAAD.etc allows the engineer to complete the design cycle on the primary structure by analyzing and designing several structural components or accessories within the STAAD.Pro environment using STAAD.Pro's results database.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

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Hardware Requirements The following requirements are suggested minimums. Systems with increased capacity provide enhanced performance. · · · · · ·

PC with Intel-Pentium / AMD processor. Graphics card and monitor with 1024x768 resolution, 256 color display (16 bit high color recommended). 64 MB RAM or higher. Windows 95/ NT 4.0 or higher operating system. The software is capable of running in Windows NT 3.51, but, due to system limitations, some of the features, such as Animation, may be disabled. Sufficient free space on the hard disk to hold the program and data files. The disk space requirement will vary depending on the modules you are install ing. A typical minimum is 200MB to 300MB free space. A multi-media ready system with sound card and speakers is needed to run the tutorial movies and slide shows.

Note: Additional RAM, disk space, and video memory will enhance the performance of STAAD.Pro. Starting with STAAD.Pro Version 2001, the size of structures that the program can handle has been increased significantly. As a result of this, the minimum amount of physical + virtual memory required by the program also has increased to over 200MB. Users may need to ensure that adequate amounts of virtual memory are available, and in Windows NT and 2000 systems, parameters such as paging file sizes should be large enough or span over multiple drives if the free space on any one drive runs low. Another issue to keep in mind is the location of the “TEMP” parameter as in the “SET TEMP” environment variable in Windows NT and 2000 systems. While performing calculations, depending on the structure size, the program may create gigantic scratch files which are placed in the folder location associated with the “TEMP” parameter. Users may wish to point the “SET TEMP” variable to a folder on a drive that has disk space sufficiently large to accommodate the requirements for large size structures. Note: The user must have a basic familiarity with Microsoft Windows 95/NT systems in order to use the STAAD.Pro software.

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

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Loading STAAD/Pro

STAAD/Pro Opening Window

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GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

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The STAAD/Pro Screen Organization Menu bar Toolbar

Page Control

Sub-page Control

Main Window

Data Area

Menu bar Located at the top of the screen, the Menu bar gives access to all the facilities of STAAD/Pro.

Toolbar The dockable Toolbar gives access to the most frequently used commands. You may also create your own customized toolbar.

Main Window This is the largest area at the center of the screen, where the model and the results are displayed.

Page Control The Page Control is a set of tabs that appear to the left of the Main Window. There are two rows of tabs for accessing Pages and Subpages. Each Pag allows access to certain Subpages. Each Subpage allows you to perform specific tasks. The organization of the Pages, from top to bottom, represent the logical sequence of the operations, for example, definition of beams, specification of member properties, loading, and so on. Each "Page" tab has a name and an icon for easy identification. The name on the tabs may or may not appear depending on your screen resolution and the size of the STAAD/Pro window. However, the icons on the Page Control tabs always appear. The Pages in the Page Control area depend on the Mode of operation. The Mode of operation may be sent from the Mode menu from the Menu bar.

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Data Area The right part of the screen is called Data Area, where different dialog boxes, tables, list boxes,etc appear depending on the type of operation you are performing. For example, when you select the Geometry|Beam Page, the Data Area contains the Node-Coordinate table and the Member- Incidence table. When you are in the General | Load Page, the contents of the Data Area changes to display the currently assigned Load cases and the Load Specification dialog box.

Notes: 1. Note that the tables and other dialog boxes in the Data Area are physically seperate windows. In other words, you may move the Beam table or the Node table from their usual right corner position. If you need to see more of the Main Window, simply maximize it. You may still access the data tables by using the Window menu from the Menu bar. 2. The icons in the toolbar as well as in the Page Control area offer Tooltip help. If you are not sure what a particular icon represents, simply move your mouse on top of icon and wait a moment. A floating Tooltip help will identify the icon. 3. The STAAD/Pro menu items are not "Page"-dependent. This means that you may access any menu item at any point in time. For example, in the Geometry | Beam Page, you may select menu command sequence Commands |Material Constants | Material Table... to edit a material table. Similarly, the toolbar items are also independent of the Page.

The "Mode" of Operation

STAAD/Pro offers you several "Modes" of operation. These modes may be accessed through the Mode menu from the Menu bar. The tabbed items in the Page Control area change depending on the current Mode. A check mark beside the menu item indicates that the specific menu item is selected.

Modeling In the Modeling(Pre-processing) mode, you generate your model geometry, specify loads, supports, and so on. By default, when the program starts or a structure is opened, you always in the Modeling mode.

Post Processing The Post Processing mode allows you to perform post-analysis result verification, query, report generation, so on.

Piping The Piping mode allows ADLPIPE geometry to be viewed along with structure geometry in the STAAD/Pro Graphical Environment.

The Modeling Mode The Modeling Mode offers graphical facilities for building the model, specifying Member properties, Supports, Loads, etc. This is the default Mode in STAAD/Pro.

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The Pages in the Modeling Mode Purpose

Sub-Page Setup Geometry

Job

Specify job-related information such as job name, client name, revision details, etc.

Beam

Specify Frame members along withNodes. Use grids to generate members graphically. Use tables to specify Node Coordinates, Member incidences, Member orientation (Beta Angle) etc.

Plate

Specify Plate elements along with nodes. Use grids to generate elements graphically. Use tables to specify Node Coordinates and Element incidences.

Solid General

Page

Analysis/ Print

Sub-Page

Property

Spec

Advanced member related specifications, such as Member Releases, Tension-only members, etc.

Support

Create and assign Supports with restrained DOF's.

Load

Specify Loads on Structure.

Pre-print

Defines items to be included in the Output file before analysis

Analysis

Specifies the type of STAAD/Pro analysis to be performed.

Post-Print Design

Specify solid elements. Use grids to generate elements graphically. Use tables to specify Node Coordinates and Element incidences. Specify Member Properties, such as sections, materials, etc. Properties are identified by Property Numbers, which are referred to in the Beam Plate, and Solid tables in the respective pages.

Steel Concrete Timber Aluminum Footing

Specifies items to be included in the Output file after analysis

Specifies Design related parameters for corresponding type of design.

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TYPE OF STRUCTURES A Structure is defined as an assemblage of components or elements. Almost any type of structure can be analyzed consisting of both frame and plate/shell elements.

SPACE - is a three dimensional framed structure with loads applied in any plane.

PLANE - is a structure bound by a global X-Y coordinate system with loads in the same plane.

FLOOR - is a two or three dimensional structure having no horizontal (global X and Z) applied loads or any load which may cause any horizontal movement of the structure. The floor framing (in global X-Z plane) of a building is an ideal example of FLOOR structure. Columns can also be modeled with the floor in FLOOR structure as long as the structure has no horizontal loading. If there is any horizontal load, it must be analyzed as a SPACE structure.

TRUSS (2D or 3D)- is a structure consists of truss members which can have only axial member forces and no bending in the members.

Note: Specification of the correct structure type reduces the number of equations to be solved during analysis. The results is a faster and more economic solution for the user. The degree of freedom associated with frame elements of different types of structures below.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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UNIT SYSTEM (EQUIVALENT ICON)

The user is allowed to input data and request output in almost all commonly used engineering unit systems including MKS, SI and FPS. In input file, the user may change units as many times as required. Mix and match between length and force units from different unit systems is also allowed. The input-unit for angles (or rotations) is degrees. However, in JOINT DISPLACEMENT output, the rotations are provided in radians. For all output, the units are clearly specified by the program.

STRUCTURE GEOMETRY AND COORDINATE SYSTEM A structure is an assembly of individual components such as beams, columns, slabs, plates etc.. In STAAD, frame elements and plate elements may be used to model the structural components. Typically, modeling of the structure geometry consists of two steps: A.

Identification and description of joints or nodes.

B. Modeling of members or elements through specification of connectivity (incidences) between joints In general, the term MEMBER will be used to refer to frame elements and term ELEMENT will be used to refer to plate/shell and solid elements. Connectivity for MEMBERs may be provided through the ELEMENT INCIDENCE command. STAAD uses two types of coordinate systems to define the structure geometry and loading patterns. The GLOBAL coordinate system is an arbitrary coordinate system in space which utilized to specify the overall geometry & loading pattern of the structure. A LOCAL coordinate system is associated with each member ( or element) and is utilized in MEMBER END FORCE output or local load specification.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Global Coordinate System Conventional Cartesian Coordinate System This coordinate system is a rectangular coordinate system ( X, Y , Z ) which follows the orthogonal right hand rule. This coordinate system may be used to define the joint locations and loading directions. The translational degrees of freedom are denoted by u1, u2, u3 and the rotational degrees of freedom are denoted by u4,u5 & u6. X

Z

Y

The Right hand rule

Cylindrical Coordinate System In this coordinate system, the X and Y coordinates of the conventional cartesian system are replaced by R (radius) and 0 (angle in degrees). The Z coordinate is identical to the Z coordinate of the cartesian system and its positive direction is determined by the right hand rule.

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Reverse Cylindrical Coordinate System This is a cylindrical type coordinate system where the R-O plane corresponds to the X-Z plane of the cartesian system. The right hand rule is followed to determine the positive direction of the Y-axis.

Local Coordinate System A local coordinate system is associated with each member. Each axis of the local orthogonal coordinate system is also based on the right hand rule.The right hand rule may be applied to obtain the positive directions of the local y and z axes. The local y and z-axes coincide with the axes of the two principal moments of inertia. Note that the local coordinate system is always rectangular.

Local axis for different cross-sections

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GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Relationship Between Global & Local Coordinates Since the input for member loads can be provided in the local and global coordinate system and the output for member-end-forces is printed in the local coordinate system, it is important to know the relationship between the local and global coordinate systems. This relationship is defined by an angle measured in the following β) angle. specified way. This angle will be defined as the beta (β

Beta Angle When the local x-axis is parallel to the global Y-axis, as in the case of a column in a structure, the beta angle is the angle through which the local z-axis has been rotated about the local x-axis from a position of being parallel and in the same positive direction of the global Z-axis. When the local x-axis is not parallel to the global Y-axis, the beta angle is the angle through which the local coordinate system has been rotated about the local x-axis from a position of having the local z-axis parallel to the global X-Z plane and the local y-axis in the same positive direction as the global Y-axis. Figure below details the position for beta angles 0 degrees or 90 degrees. When providing member loads in the local member axis, it is helpful to refer to this figure for a quick determination of the local axis system.

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GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Exercise Define the beta angle

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Creating a New Structure STEP 1. To create new structure, first click File menu then New

STEP 2. A dialog box will appear as shown below to select type of structure then click Next

STEP 3. Select the unit for length and force. You may click Back if you wish to go back to previous dialog box.

STEP 4. Click Finish.

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GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Command Formats A. Free-Format Input All input to STAAD Pro is in free-format style. Input data items should be separated by blank spaces or commas from the other input data items. Quotation marks are never needed to separate any alphabetic words such as data commands or titles.

B. Commenting Input For documentation of a STAAD Pro data file, the facility to provide comments is available. Comments can be included by providing an asterisk (*) mark as the first non-blank character in any line. The line with the comment is "echoed" in the output file but not processed by the program. Example: JOINT COORDINATES * coordinate of each node ( this is only a comment line) 1000 etc.

C. Meaning of Underlining in the Manual Many words in the commands and data may be abbreviated. The full word intended is given in the command description with the portion actually required (the abbreviation ) underlined. For example, if the word MEMBER is used in a command, only the portion MEMB need be input. It is clearer for others reading the output if the entire word is used, but an experience user may desire to use the abbreviations.

D. Meaning of Braces and Parenthesis In some command formats, braces enclose a number of choices, which are arranged vertically. One and only one of the choices can be selected. However, several of the listed choices may be selected if an asterisk(*) mark is located outside the braces. Example: XY YZ XZ In the above example, the user must make a choice of XY or YZ or XZ.

{ }

Example:

{ }

*

FX FY FZ Here the user can choose one or all of the listing (FX, FY, FZ) in any order. Parentheses, ( ) , enclosing a portion of a command indicate that the enclosed portion is optional. The presence or absence of this portion affects the meaning of the command, as is explained in the description of the particular command. Example: PRINT (MEMBER) FORCES PERFORM ANALYSIS (PRINT LOAD DATA) In the first line, the word MEMBER may be omitted with no change of the meaning of the command. PRINT LOAD DATA these words can be omitted, in which case the load data will not be printed

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E. Multiple Data Separator Multiple data can be provided on a single line, if they are separated by a semicolon (;) character. One restriction is that consecutive commands can not be separated by a semicolon. They must appear on separate lines. Example: MEMBER INCIDENCES 1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4 etc. INCORRECT PRINT FORCES; PRINT STRESSES In the above case, only the PRINT FORCES comand is processed and the PRINT STRESSES is ignored

F. Listing Data In some STAAD command descriptions, the word "list" is used to identify a list of joints, members/ elements or loading cases. The format of a list can be defined as follows

{

}

i1,i2,i3,... i1 TO i2 (BY i3) X or Y or Z TO means all integers from the list (i1) to the second (i2) inclusive. BY means that the numbers are incremented by an amount equal to the third data item (i3). If BY i3 is omitted, the increment will be set to one. Sometimes the list may be too long to fit on one line, in which case the list may be continued to the next line by providing a hyphen preceded by a blank. Also note that only a list may be continued and not only other type of data. Only lists may be continued to the next line by ending the line with a blank and hyphen with few exceptions: Multilinear spring supports, Supports, Master/Slave. Others have special types of continuations.

list =

*

Instead of a numerical list, the specification X (or Y or Z) may be used. This specification will include all MEMBERs parallel to the global direction specified. Note that this is not applicable to JOINTs or ELEMENTs. Do not use "ALL" unless the documentation for a command specifially mentions ALL.

EXAMPLE: 2 4 7 TO 13 BY 2 19 TO 2228 31 TO 33 FX 10.0 This list of items is the same as: 2 4 7 9 11 13 19 21 28 31 32 33 FX 10.0 POSSIBLE ERROR: 3 5 TO 9 11 15 FX 10.0

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Problem Initiation And Title Purpose

This command initiates the STAAD run, allows the user the specify the type of the structure and an optional title.

General format:

STAAD

{ } PLA NE PLANE SPA CE SPACE TRU SS TRUSS FLO OR FLOOR

(any title a1)

Description Any STAAD input has to start with the word STAAD. Following type specifications are available: PLANE = Plane frame structure SPACE = Space frame structure TRUSS = Plane or space truss structure FLOOR = Floor structure

a1= Any title for the problem. This title will appear on the top of every output page. To include

additional information in the page header, use a comment line containing the pertinent information as the second line of input

Limits 1) Joint numbers: 2) Number of Joints 3) Membe/Element numbers: 4) Number of Members & Elements: 5) Load Case numbers: 6) Number of primary & combination cases

1 to 999999 100000* 1 to 999999 100000* 1 to 99999 500

* Some STAAD copies are available with much smaller limits, please check what limits you have purchased.

Unit Specification Purpose

This command allows the user to specify or change length and force units for input and output.

{ }{ }

force-unit= KIP POUND KG * length-unit MTON UNI T NEWTON force-unit KNS MNS Note: DNS DME denotes Decimeters. MNS denotes mega Newtons (1000 Newtons) and DNS denotes DecaNewtons (10 newtons). MTON denotes Metric Ton (1000 kilograms) General format:

{

length-unit=

}

INC HES INCHES FEE T or FT FEET CM METER MMS DME K M

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Input/Output Width Specification Purpose

These commands may be used to specify the width(s) of the lines of output file(s). General format: INP UT INPUT

{ } OUTPUT

WIDTH i1

For OUTPUT WIDTH, i1 = 72 or 118 depending on narrow or wide output. Description The user may specify the required input/output width, as required, using this command. For INPUT width, 79 is always used. The program can create output using two different output widths - 72 (default) and 118. The 72-character width may be used for display on most CRT's and for printing on 8-1/2" wide paper. The 118-character width may be used for printing on 11" wide paper.

Joint Coordinates Specification Purpose

These commands allow the user to specify and generate the coordinates of the JOINTs of the structure. The JOINT COORDINATES command initiates the specification of the coordi nates. The REPEAT and REPEAT ALL command allow easy generation of coordinates using repetitive patterns.

General format:

JOINT COORDINATES (CYLINDRICAL (REVERSE)) (NOCHECK) band-spec i1,x1,y1,z1,(i2,x2,y2,z2,i3) REPEAT n,x1,y1,z1, (xi2,yi2,zi2,....,xin,yin,zin) REPEAT ALL n,x1,y1,z1, (xi2,yi2,zi2,....,xin,yin,zin) band-spec = (NOREDUCE BAND) NOCHECK = Do not perform check for multiple structures or orphan joints The command JOINT COORDINATES specifies a Cartesian Coordinate System. Joints are defined using the global X, Y and Z coordinates. The command JOINT COORDINATES CYLINDRICAL specifies a Cylindrical Coordinate System. Joints are defined using r, θ and z coordinates. JOINT COORDINATES CYLINDRICAL REVERSE specifies a Reverse Cylindrical Coordinate system. Joints are defined using r, θ and y coordinates. NOREDUCE BAND causes the program to execute without performing a bandwidth reduction. The REPEAT command causes the previous line of input to be repeated 'n' number of times with specified coordinate increments. The REPEAT ALL command functions similar to the REPEAT command except that it repeats all previously specified input back to the most recent REPEAT ALL command, or all joint data if no previous REPEAT ALL command has been given. (When using the REPEAT and REPEAT ALL commands, joint numbering must be consecutive and should begin with 1).

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*

i1 =

The joint number for which the coordinate are provided. Any integer number (five digit max.) is permitted.

x1, y1 and z1 =

X, Y & Z ( R, θ & Z for cylindrical or R, Y & θ for cylindrical reverse) coordinates of the joint.

For PLANE analyses z1 is an optional data item when defining input for individual joints. z1 is always required for joint generation. The following are used only if joints are to be generated. *

i2 =

The second joint number to which the joint coordinates are generated.

x2, y2 and z2 = X, Y & Z ( R, θ & Z for cylindrical or R, Y & θ for cylindrical reverse) coordinates of the joint i2. i3 =

Joint number increment by which the generated joints will be incremented. Defaults to 1 if left out.

n=

Number of times repeat is to be carried out. Note that "n" cannot exceed 98 in any one single REPEAT command

xik, yik and zik =

X, Y & Z ( R, θ & Z [R, Y & θ ] ) coordinates increments of the k th repeat.

The X, Y and Z (R, θ & Z [R, Y & θ ] ) coordinates will be equally spaced between i1 and i2. * Note that the REPEAT command uses the highest joint number entered so far plus one for the intermediate generated joint numbers.

element no.

EXAMPLE

1 0,0,0 Z

13 6 18 11

X

2

1

14

1

7

5

19

5 9

12

4.00

2 2 6 6 10 4.00

joint no. member number

3 15 8

13

7 11 4.00

9

5

4

16

3 7

20

4

3

n = JOINT NO. 17

4

10

8 21

14

n = MEMBER NO. n = ELEMENT NO.

22

8 12

6.00

6.00

15

4.00

Note: Member - columns, beams, girders Element - slabs, retaining walls

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STAAD SPACE Sample joint coordinates INPUT WIDTH 72 UNIT METER KNS JOINT COORDINATES * jt no. x y z 1 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 3 8 0 0 4 12 0 0 5 16 0 0 6 0 0 6 7 4 0 6 ..........

STA SPA Sample joint coordinates INP WID 72 UNI MET KNS JOI COO 1 0 0 0; 2 4 0 0; 3 8 0 0 4 12 0 0; 5 16 0 0; 6 0 0 6 7 4 0 6; ......

or it could rewrite as: JOINT COORDINATES 1 0 0 0 5 16 0 0 REPEAT 2 0 0 6

EXERCISE: Define the joint coordinates of the structure below.

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STEP 1. Assign joint number for every joint

6

5 3 1

4

7

8 9

2 12

13

15

14

16

17

18

19

10 20

11

STEP 2. Create a new structure from File menu. or click the equivalent icon

Specify type of structure, and units

STEP 3. Save the structure file first before you invoke the Command file editor. STEP 4. You can now click Editor icon. STEP 5. Type in the joint coordinates. STAAD TRUSS DESIGN OF TRUSS START JOB INFORMATION ENGINEER DATE 10-May-01 END JOB INFORMATION INPUT WIDTH 79 UNIT METER KN JOINT COORDINATES 1 0 0 0; 2 1.5 0.4 0; 3 3 0.8 0; 4 4.5 1.2 0; 5 6 1.6 0; 6 7.5 2 0; 7 9 1.6 0; 8 10.5 1.2 0; 9 12 0.8 0; 10 13.5 0.4 0; 11 15 0 0; 12 1.5 0 0; 13 3 0 0; 14 4.5 0 0; 15 6 0 0; 16 7.5 0 0; 17 9 0 0; 18 10.5 0 0; 19 12 0 0; 20 13.5 0 0 FINISH

STEP 6. Save the input file then exit. (back to graphical environment)

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DEFINING JOINT NODE USING GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE Steps: 1. Create a new structure. 2. Click Snap/Node Beam icon

Note: You may change the view for a better view(top view). 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40

[email protected]=(2/0.4=5)

1.5m

15 m @ 1.5 spacing(15/1.5=10)

3. Define the parameters in Snap Node Beam window

under Construction line Spacing X(Left =0 Right=10) Y(Left = 0 Right=5 ) Snap Node Beam is pressed

m 1.5 0.4

4. You can now start defining the node by pressing the left button of your mouse. Start @ node #1 up to 11. Once you are at node 11 pick node #1. Click Undo to undo the last node. Click again node 1 then continue defining up to node #20. Make sure that before you select again node 1, Snap to existing nodes too is selected. 5. Save your File(TRUSS).

Note: To display node number & node points. Press right click then select Labels...

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Editing the Node Geometry You can edit the coordinate of each node, By displaying node coordinates. Step: Click Geometry under Page Control. On the right side of the screen, a window will display for node coordinates. You can edit the coordinate of each node by selecting the node number you want to edit. You can also use the window to verify the to where the node is located by selecting the node no. on the node window and the program will highlight the node on the graphical window.

Editing the node coodinates using Command Editor.

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Member Incidences Specification Purpose This set of commands is used to specify MEMBERs by defining connectivity between JOINTs. REPEAT and REPEAT ALL commands are available to facilitate generation of repetitive patterns. The member/element incidences must be defined such that the model developed represents one single structure only, not two or more separate structures. STAAD is capable of detecting multiple structures automatically. General format:

Description

MEMBER INCIDENCES i1,i2, i3,(i4, i5,i6) REPEAT n, mi , ji REPEAT ALL n, mi , ji

The REPEAT command causes the previous line of input to be repeated 'n' number of times with specified member and joint increments. The REPEAT ALL command functions similar to the REPEAT command except that it repeats all previously specified input back to the most recent REPEAT ALL command or to the beginning of the specification. (When using REPEAT and REPEAT ALL commands, member number ing must be consecutive) i1 = i2 = i3 =

Member number for which incidences are provided. Any integer number (maximum six digits ) is permitted Start joint number. End joint number.

The following data are used for member generation only. i4 = i5 = i6 =

Second member number to which members will be generated Member number increment for generation Joint number increment which will be added to the incident joints. (i5 and i6 will default to 1 if left out) n = Number of times repeat is to be carried out mi = Member number increment ji = Joint number increment.

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starting joint member number ending joint

Example

1 0,0,0 Z

2

1

X

13

3

2

14

4

3

15

5

4

16

MEMBER INCIDENCES * MEMB. ST. END * NO. JT. JT. 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 7 6 7 8 7 8 9 8 9 10 9 11 12 10 12 13 11 13 14 12 14 15 13 1 6 ....... 22 10 15

17 6.00

6

7

5

18

8

6

19

11

12

9

20 10

4.00

9

7

8

10

21

13

14

11

4.00

22 12

4.00

6.00

15

4.00

EXERCISE: Define the members of the previous exercise. starting joint MEMBER NO.

1

1

2

28

12

ending joint 3 2 3 21 20 12 29

13

30

5 4

4

23

22

6

31

15

7

15

7

16 24

14

13 14

6

5

32

16

33

25 17

34

8

8

17 26 18

35

9

9

18 19

11

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10 27 36 20 37

11

19

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STEP 1. Open your file with node coordinates(TRUSS) STEP 2. Click STAAD Editor icon. STEP 3. Include the MEMBER INCIDENCES in the editor. STAAD TRUSS DESIGN OF TRUSS START JOB INFORMATION ENGINEER DATE ... END JOB INFORMATION INPUT WIDTH 79 UNIT METER KN JOINT COORDINATES ..... MEMBER INCIDENCES 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 2 12 12 3 13 13 4 14 14 5 15 15 6 16 16 7 17 17 8 18 18 9 19 19 10 20 20 2 13 21 3 14 22 4 15 23 5 16 24 7 16 25 8 17 26 9 18 27 10 19 28 1 12 29 12 13 30 13 14 31 14 15 32 15 16 33 16 17 34 17 18 35 18 19 36 19 20 37 20 11 FINISH

ALTERNATIVE: STAAD TRUSS DESIGN OF TRUSS START JOB INFORMATION ENGINEER DATE ... END JOB INFORMATION INPUT WIDTH 79 UNIT METER KN JOINT COORDINATES ..... MEMBER INCIDENCES 1 1 2 10 1 1 joint number increment member no. increment member no 11 2 12 19 1 1 20 2 13 23 1 1 24 7 16 27 1 1 28 1 12 29 12 13 36 1 1 37 20 11 FINISH

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can be omitted

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Creating Geometry using Library STEP 1. Create new structure file. STEP 2. Click Geometry (menu) then Run Structure Wizard.

STEP 3. Click the plus(+) beside Prototype Models to collapse the options

STEP 4. Click the plus(+) beside Trusses to collapse the options

STEP 5. Double click the name of the truss you want to create. (HOWE ROOF) PRATT

LATTICE

HOWE BRIDGE

HOWE ROOF

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WARREN

NORTH LIGHT

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STEP 5. Before you define the parameter, you may change the unit of input (i.e. meter). Click File (menu), then Select unit option. After parameter has been defined click OK to tranfers the geometry to the STAAD Pro.

3rd

2nd

1st bay alo ng width

width

height length

Length = 15 Height = 2 Width = 0

No. of bays along length = 10 No. of bays along width = 0

note: unit (meter)

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EXERCISE

Create a model for the structure below.

STEP 1. Create new structure file then Save. STEP 2. Define preliminary joints. Use Command File editor. Click editor icon. 3

4

2

5

1

STAAD TRUSS START JOB INFORMATION ENGINEER DATE 22-May-01 END JOB INFORMATION INPUT WIDTH 79 UNIT METER KN JOINT COORDINATES 1 0 0 0; 2 0 .4 0 ; 3 3.5 1.5 0 4 7 .4 0; 5 7 0 0 FINISH

Note: Save your input file. STEP 3. Click Add beam icon.

STEP 4. Click Insert node icon.

Once the beam pointer is displayed, you can start clicking the node in sequence you want.

Click the member you want to add node.

click this member

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ending joint starting joint

OPTIONS: - to insert node from starting joint with specific distance Example 1.5m

Step

ending joint

joint to be added

starting joint

1. Type in the distance you need in Distance box. (Note: Reference pt. is always at the starting joint) 2. After defining the distance, click the Add New Point button. Note: You can repeat the procedure to insert more nodes. - to insert node at the middle of the entire length of the selected member,thus, creating two equal length of segment joint to be added

Example

ending joint

starting joint L/2

L/2 L

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- to insert nodes with equal distance

joints to be added

Example

ending joint

starting joint 1.75

1.75

1.75

1.75

STEPS:

1. Define the distance

2. Specify the no. of nodes to be added 3. Click the Add n Points button

Note: Follow the same procedure as mentioned in the previous pages to complete the model.

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Importing Geometry from CAD Software In AutoCAD, apply the command DXFOUT, then define a filename.

1. In STAAD, click File(top menu), select Import option

3. Select the file, then click Open

4. Choose the Structure Convention then OK. 2. Select the type of file format (3D DXF), then click Import

Note: Convention of axis in STAAD is different from the other program(i.e. AUTOCAD) Z Y X

Y AUTOCAD

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X

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Editing of Model Geometry ERASE -

to delete node or member Steps: 1. Select the member/node you want to delete. 1.1 Use node cursor to select the node. 1.2 Use geometry cursor to select the member. Note: You can even select the member/node by applying

window selection.

b

a

2. After selecting node/member, you may press Delete key or click Cut icon.

Result:

COPY Translational Repeat

-allows you to copy (or repeat) the entire structure or a portion of the structure in a linear direction. You may generate one or several copies of the selected structure.

Steps:

1. Select the members you want to copy. B

A 2. Click the Translational repeat

or click Geometry(menu)

3. Specify the parameter in the dialog box then click ok.

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Result:

Options:

Global Direction Choose any one of the three possible global directions along which the structure should be copied.

No of Steps Specify the number of copies you want.

Default Step Spacing Type the default spacing between steps (or copies) in the edit box in current length units.

Step Spacing table This table consists of two columns: Step and Spacing. You may change the spacing of any step in this table.

Link Steps/ Open Base If you want to automatically connect the Steps or copies by new members, along the specified global directions, check the Link Steps check box. To avoid joining the base

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MIRROR - allows you to copy or move the entire structure or a portion of it by “mirroring”

about any plane parallel to one of the three global Cartesian planes. Example:

Steps:

Result:

1. Select the members you want to duplicate. 2. Define the parameters in the dialog box.

Options:

Mirror Plane Direction Choose one of the three global planes to mirror the selected geometry about.

Distance to Origin

Provide the normal distance of the plane of reflection from the origin.

Generate Mode

Select either the Copy or Move radio button. The Copy option generates new geometry, and the Move option changes the coordinates of the selected geometry.

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Break All (Geometry -top menu) This option allows you to break intersecting members, creating a new node at the intersection. Note: When you choose the Break All menu item after selecting part or all geometry, members are split and nodes are inserted where members cross. The original members are split with automatic generation of node and member numbers, member properties and loads. B Step: node added after 1. Select the geometry. BREAK ALL command 2. Click Geometry(top menu), click Break All option. A

RENUMBER (top menu) The Renumber menu item allows you to renumber selected nodes, members or elements starting with a specified number.

* Node Geometry | Renumber | Nodes… is used to renumber selected nodes, starting with a specified node number.

* Beam Geometry | Renumber | Members… is used to renumber selected beams, starting with a speci fied beam number.

* Plates Geometry | Renumber | Plates… is used to renumber selected plate elements, starting with a specified plate element number.

* Solids Geometry | Renumber | Solids… is used to renumber selected solid elements, starting with a specified solid element number.

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DISPLAY OPTIONS View | Zoom The Zoom menu option offers a set of sub-menu options as shown below

Zoom Window The Zoom window option allows you to enlarge portion of the structure, chosen by window selection. The selected portion now fills the entire view window. The basic difference between Zoom Window and Dynamic Zoom is that the latter portion creates a new view window, while the Zoom Window option displays the selected portion in the same window.

Zoom Factor The Zoom Factor option allows you to magnify or reduce the current view by a factor, which is provided in the Enter Factor spin box as shown below. Enter a factor greater than 1 to magnify, enter a fraction less than 1 to reduce.

Zoom In The Zoom In option magnifies or enlarges the structure view by a pre-defined factor.

Zoom Out The Zoom Out option reduces or shrinks the structure view by a pre-defined factor.

Zoom All The Zoom All option displays the entire structure in the current view window.

Dynamic Zoom The Dynamic Zoom allows you to enlarge a portion of the structure chosen by window selection. The selected portion appears in a new view window.

Previous The Previous option allows you to restore to the view associated with the previous zoom factor.

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View | Pan This option allows you to pan (slide or shift) the structure in the current view window in any direction. Description: When you select this menu option, a hand cursor appears. Click the left mouse button and drag the structure to a new position in the view window. Release the mouse to finish. Click on this menu option again to cancel the Pan mode.

View | View Selected Objects Only The purpose of this optin is to view only the selected members and elements and hide the rest of the structure. Description: Before you select this menu option, select the members, plates and solids you want to view. You may need t select the appropriate cursor using the Select menu for selecting the structural elements. Next Click on this menu item. Only the highlighted objects are now displayed in the view window. 3. To restore the entrire view of the structure. click View(menu)|View Selected objects again.

1. Click Point A & B

A

B

2. Click View(menu)|View Selected objects

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View | Tables This option allows you to display and close different tables, such as Node coordinates, Beam incideneces, Node displacements, etc. Description: When you select this menu option, the following dialog box appears:

Tables Check the associated boxes for the tables you want to display. For the currently displayed tables, the boxes would automatically checked. To close a table, leave the associated box blank.

List These check boxes control which tables are displayed in the Tables list. To display the list of available input related tables, check Analysis Input box. To display the output related tables, check the Analysis Results box.

Example of Table(Node)

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View | Whole Structure This option allows you to create a new view window containing the entire structure. Description: When you click on this option, the program opens a new view window showing the whole structure. Multiple view windows of the same structure may be created for displaying different portions of the model or for verifying post-analysis results.

View | Orientation The purpose of this option is to modify the view orientation of the structure, such as Plan view, Elevation view, Perspective view Description: When you click on this option, the following dialog box appears.

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Isometric This option allows you to display the structure in default isometric view (with 70 degree Elevation angle and 330 degree Rotation Angle).

Isometric (Side View)

Isometric (Front View)

Isometric (Plan View)

Isometric (3D View)

Perspectives This option allows you to display the perspective view of the structure. The viewing distance and angles can be changed by changing one of the three options - Distance to Structure, Elevation Angle, Rotation Angle.

Distance to Structure

This value indicates the distance of the eye (or camera) from the structure in the perspective view. You may enter this value or use the spin control to increase or decrease the current value.

Elevation Angle This value indicates the rotation angle of the eye about an axis, which is lying horizontal on the screen and passing through the center of the screen. You may enter this value or use the spin control to increase or decrease the current value.s

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Rotation Angle This value indicates the rotational angle of the eye about an axis, which is lying vertical on the screen and passing through the center of the screen. You may enter this value or use the spin control to increase or decrease the current value.

Default Orientation To The orientation of the structure may be set to a view defined by one of these four options.

Apply Immediately Any changes made through the Orientation dialog box may be immediately reflected in the current view by checking this box.

Restore Use this button for restoring the original view.

Apply Use this button for applying the view orientation data in the current view.

View | Structure Diagram This option allows you to customize the view of the structure by setting different view-related parameters. Description: When you click on this option, the following dialog box appears:

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Structure The Structure tab page allows you to set up structural view parameters as explained below:

3D Sections The buttons in this group control how the members are displayed.

None Displays the structure without considering the cross-sectional properties of the members and elements

Full Sections

Displays the 3D cross-sections of members, depending on the member properties

Sections Outline

Displays only the outline of the cross-sections of members

View The check box in this group allow additional view-related operations on the structure.

Fill Plates/Solids

Fills up the plate and solid elements, if present

Hide Plates/Solids Hides all plate and solid elements from the view

Hide Structure

Hides the entire structure from view. This option may be used to switch off the original structure view while displaying the deflected shape of the structure or the module shapes.

Show Center Lines

Diplays the centerlines of the members

Shrink

Displays the individual structural elements detached from each other and helps to view their connec tivity. The individual members are not drawn to full length or full width but shrunk by a percentage provided in the associated edit box.

Perspective Change current view to perspective Margin around Structure

Represents the blank margin around the structure in percentage of the total view window. This option has the same effect as Zoom-in or Zoom-out

Loads and Results The Loads and Results tab, allows you to select the Load Case and the associated analysis results for viewing.

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Load Case Allows you to select the load case number for which the results would be displayed.

Loads Allows you to display and change the color of applied loads (Direct or Moment) on the structure for the selected Load Case.

Beam Forces Allows you to display different end forces on the structure for the selected Load Case. Also offers control of the color of these force diagrams.

Deflection Allows you to display and change the color of the displacement diagram.

Mode Shape Allows you to display and change the color of the mode shape diagram and select Mode Shape number.

Scales The Scales tab, allows you to specify the scales for plotting the different diagrams as shown below. Note: a larger scale number causes the diagram to shrink and a smaller scale number enlarges the diagram.

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Labels The Labels tab, allows you to select various display labels for different components of the structure.

Nodes The Node Numbers option displays the node numbers on screen. The Node Points option identifies the nodes with a small circle. The Supports option displays the support icons at the nodes. The Dimension option displays the member lengths in current units

Properties

The References option displays the Property Tag number of the member/element properties. Sections displays the section name (such as W12x26). None removes the display of property information.

General If loads are displayed in the view window (see Results tab in the same dialog box), Load Values displays the values of the loads on screen. The Axes option displays the axis icon at the left bottom corner of the view window. The Material option displays the name of any material assigned using the General | Material page

Beam The Beam Numbers option displays the member numbers on the frame members. Beam Orientation displays an icon showing the local axis of the members. The arrow indicates the positive direction of the local x-axis. The local y-axis is in the direction of the thicker flange. Please note that the I symbol is used regardless of the actual section type. The Beam Spec option displays beam specifications which have been assigned, such as truss and tension only members. The Releases option displays the member releases.

Plates The Plate Numbers option displays the plate element numbers. The Plate Orientation option displays the local axis system for plates.

Solids

Solid Numbers option displays the solid element numbers.

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Force Limits The Force Limits tab, allows you to identify the members having the force values lying inside or outside the specified ranges.

Load Case Select the Load Case for which you want to display the diagram.

Forces

Select the force type from the list of available options, such as Axial, Shear YY, Bending ZZ, etc. Provide the range in the associated edit box under Minimum and Maximum.

View Limits

The buttons under this group determine which members are going to be highlighted. The Exceed Either option highlights any member whose forces exceed either the Maximum or the Minimum values. Exceed Maximum option highlights only the members whose forces exceed the Maximum values. Exceed Minimum option highlights only the members whose forces exceed the Minimum values.

Color Within Limit

Allows you to change the color and width of the force diagram when the forces fall within the view limits.

Color Outside Limit

Allows you to change the color and width of the force diagram when the forces fall outside the view limits.

Design Results The Design Results tab, allows you to display code check and steel design information on the structure. Click the Active check box to display steel design and code check diagram on the structure. Type Ratio values in the edit boxes to define Safe, Failure and Extreme Failure. Click the Show Values check box to display the failure ratios. Color Allows you to display and change the color of represented by Not Designed, Safe, Fail and Extreme Fail on the structure diagram.

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Plate Stress Contour The Plate Stress Contour tab, appears only if Plates are present. This tab allows you to display stress contours for plates for different types of stresses.

Load Case

Select the Load Case for which the stress is to be displayed.

Stress Type

Select the Stress Type from the drop down list. Once you select these, the Maximum and the Minimum values of that stress under the selected load case are displayed.

Contour Type

Result Dir This is the global axis about which the local axis moments MX, MY and MXY must be transformed into. So, if one sets the ‘Result Dir’ to ‘Z’ and ‘Up’ to ‘X +ve’, the program does the following: a) Selects plates, which are parallel to the global Y-Z plane. b) For each plate, selects the surface, which is on the +ve side of the global Y-Z plane. c) For each plate, selects the local axis moments MX and MY and MXY on the surface described in (b) d) Transforms the moments described in (c) into a value along the global Z axis and plots it. Changing the ‘Up’ value between ‘+ve’ and ‘-ve’ X will show the global Z moment on either side of the plates.

The Normal and Enhanced buttons indicate how the Stress Contour is drawn. The Normal contour option uses the stress points at each corner of the plate along with the center stress to calculate the contour. The Enhanced contour option uses the same points as the Normal contour plus the interpolated stress at the mid-point of the edges. The second option takes more time to generate but is more accurate. The No. of values option determines how may increments would be used to plot the stress contour.

Options

The Absolute Values option causes the stress values to be compared based on the absolute values, rather than algebraic values. If this option is checked, the stress values of +10 units and -10 units will be in the same range. The View Stress Index option displays the legends of the colors with stress values at the side of the screen.

Directions for Global Stress Up

Using this drop down list, the user may select the global axis that is normal to the plane of the plates. The ‘+ve’ and ‘-ve’ are meant to specify the surface of the plate which is on the ‘+ve’ or ‘-ve’ side of the global plane. For example, ‘Y +ve’ indicates that the user wishes to obtain the mo ment for those plates whose surface is parallel to and along the positive side of the global X-Z plane. Hence, if a plate has its local Z axis along the negative global Y direction, choosing ‘Y +ve’ will fetch the moment on the local bottom surface of the element.

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Solid Stress Contour The Solid Stress Contour tab, appears only if Solids are present. This tab allows you to display stress contours for solids for different types of stresses. For explanation of the items, please refer to the Plate Stress Contour item explained above.

Animation The Animation tab, allows you to display an animated view of the structure. To stop viewing an animation, choose No Animation in the Diagram Type, or press the Escape on the keyboard.

Diagram Type

Select the animation of Deflection, Section Displacement, Mode or Stress.

Animation Setup

Full Screen displays the animation in the full monitor screen rather than in a window. This option may use less memory than displaying the animation in a large window.

Extra Frames

Select the number of Extra Frames above the minimum needed to enhance the animation if it appears choppy.

Target FPS Choose the Target FPS (frames per second) to control the animation speed. To speed up an animation, show more frames per second. To slow down an animation, show fewer frames per second.

Use Metafiles for offscreen data Click the Use Metafiles for offscreen data to save the animated screens as WindowsMetafiles. Speed may be slower if this option is used.

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Design Result The Design Results tab, allows you to display code check and steel design information on the structure.

Diagram

Click the Active check box to display steel design and code check diagram on the structure. Type Ratio values in the edit boxes to define Safe, Failure and Extreme Failure. Click the Show Values check box to display the failure ratios.

Color

gram.

Allows you to display and change the color of represented by Not Designed, Safe, Fail and Extreme Fail on the structure dia-

View | Set Colors The purpose of this menu option is to specify colors of different items.

View | Refresh Choose View | Refresh to update the structure diagram to reflect changes such as merged members, split members. etc.

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Listing of Members by Specification of GROUPS

This command allows the user to specify a group of members/joints and save the information using a 'group-name'. The 'group-name' may be subsequently used in the input file instead of a member/joint list to specify other attributes. This extremely useful feature allows avoiding of multiple specifications of the same member/joint list. General Format:

START GROUP DEFINITION (GEOMETRY) (group-name) member/element/solid-list ........ (default) OR

JOINT _(group-name) joint-list ........ MEMBER _(group-name) member-list ........ ELEMENT _(group-name) element-list ........ SOLID _(group-name) solid element-list ........ END GROUP DEFINITION where,

group-name = an alphanumeric name specified by the user to identify the group. The group-name must start with the '_'(underscore) character and is limited to eight characters. member-list/ joint list = the list of member/joints belonging to the group.

NOTES 1. The GROUP definition must start with the START GROUP DEFINITION command and end with the END command. 2. More than one GROUP name may be specified within the same definition specifica tion. 3. The words, JOINT, MEMBER, ELEMENT and SOLID may be provided if the user wishes to identify the group name lists with those specific items. However, if the group name and list is merely a means of grouping together more than one type of structural component under a single heading, the word GEOMETRY may be provided. In the absence of any those five words (GEOMETRY, JOINT, MEMBER, ELEMENT or SOLID), the list is assumed to be that for GEOMETRY.

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EXAMPLES

START GROUP DEFINITION _TRUSS 1 TO 20 25 35 _BEAM 40 TO 50 END MEMBER PROPERTIES _TRUSS TA LD L40304 _BEAM TA ST W12X26

START GROUP DEFINITION JOINT _TAGA 1 TO 10 MEMBER _TAGAB 40 TO 50 GEOMETRY _TAGC 101 TO 135 END MEMBER PROPERTIES _TAGB TA LD L40304 _TAGC TA ST W12X26

STEP: 1.Click Tools(menu), select Create New Group option or you can press letter G while Ctrl key is pressed.

1.Click Create.

then type a name and select whether for node or element or geometry

2. Click OK to accept the name & type.

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2. Select the geometry you want to associate with the name you specified.

3. Click

button.

OPTIONS: - to delete a group name STEP: Select the group name from the list then click Delete - to highlight the members or nodes or elements that is associated to the group name. STEP: Select the group name from the list then click Highlight. Example:

ASSIGN METHODS

ASSOCIATE TO VIEW - to associate the group name specified to the current view. ASSOCIATE TO SELECTED GEOMETRY - to associate the group name to the selected members or node or element. ASSOCIATE TO LIST - to associate the group name to member specified in the list box.

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ELEMENT INCIDENCE SPECIFICATION This set of commands is used to specify ELEMENTs by defining the connectivity between JOINTs. REPEAT and REPEAT ALL commands are available to facilitate generation of repetitive patterns. The element incidences must be defined such that the model developed represents one single structure only, not two or more separate structures. STAAD is capable of detecting multiple structures automatically.

General Format

ELEMENT INCIDENCES (SHELL) i1, i2, i3, i4 (i5) (TO i6, i7, i8) REPEAT n, ei,ji REPEAT ALL n, ei,ji

Description ELEMENT INCIDENCES SHELL must be provided immediately after MEMBER INCIDENCES (if any) are specified. The REPEAT command causes the previous line of input to be repeated 'n' number of times with specified element and joint increments. The REPEAT ALL command functions similar to the REPEAT command, except that it repeats all previously specified input back to the most recent REPEAT ALL command; or to the beginning of the specified if no previous REPEAT ALL command had been issued.

i1 = Element number (any number up to six digits). If MEMBER INCIDENCE is provided, this number must not coincide with any MEMBER number.

i2...i5 = Clockwise or counterclockwise joint numbers which represent the element connec tivity. Note that i5 is not needed for triangular (3 noded) elements.

The following data is needed if elements are to be generated: i6 = Last element number to which elements are generated i7 = Element number increment by which elements are generated. Defaults to 1 if omitted i8 = Joint number increment which will be added to incident joins. Defaults to 1 if omitted. The following data is needed if REPEAT or REPEAT ALL command are used to generate elements n = Number of times repeat is to be carried out. ei = Element number increment. ji = Joint number increment.

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Notes: The PRINT ELEMENT INFO command may be used to verify the element incidences provided or generated by REPEAT and REPEAT ALL commands.

ELEMENT NUMBERING During the generation of element stiffness matrix, the program verifies whether the element is same as the previous one or not. If it is same, repetitive calculations are not performed. The sequence in which the element stiffness matrix is generated is the same as the sequence in which elements are input in element incedences. Therefore, to save some computing time, similar elements should be numbered sequentially. However, the user has to decide between adopting a numbering system which reduces the computation time versus a numbering system which increases the ease of defining the structure geometry. 1

2 5

3 6

4

1

7

8

3 2

4

Efficient Element numbering

j

i

k

7 6

8

Inefficient Element numbering

j

k

l

i

l

i j counter-clockwise

clockwise

5

k

k

l

j

l

i

j

i

k

Correct numbering

Incorrect numbering

Steps: 1. Click the icon

(3 noded plate) or

2. Click the nodes of the plate you want to create.

(4 noded plate) or

(4 noded cursor)

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DESIGN OPERATIONS STAAD contains a broad set of facilities for designing structural members as individual components of an analyzed structure. The member design facilities provide the user with the ability to carry out a number of different design operations. These facilities may be used selectively in accordance with the requirements of the design problem. The operations to perform a design are: Specify the members and the load cases to be considered in the design. Specify whether to perform code checking or member selection. Specify design parameter values, if different from the default values. These operations may be repeated by the user any number of times depending upon the design requirements. Steel Design may be performed based on the following codes: AISC-ASD, AISC-LRFD and ASSHTO.

Built-in Steel Section Library AISC Steel Table Almost all AISC steel shapes are available for input. Following are the description of all types of section available

Wide Flange (W shapes) All wide flange sections as listed in AISC/LFRD-89 are availble the way they are written, e.g. W10X49, W21X50, etc. Example: 20 TO 30 TA ST W10X49 33 36 TA ST W18X86

C, MC, S, M, HP Shapes The above shapes are available as listed in AISC (9th Edition) without decimal points. For example, C8X11.5 will be input as C8X11 and S15X42.9 will be input as S15X42, omitting the decimal weights. (Exception MC6X151 for MC6X15.1 and MC6X153 for MC6X15.3) Example: 10 TO 20 BY 2 TA ST C15X40 1 2 TA ST MC8X20

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Double Channels Back to back double channels, with or without spacing between them, are available. The letter D is front of the section name will specify a double channel. Example: 21 22 24 TA D MC9X25 55 TO 60 TA D C8X18

Angles Angle specifications in STAAD are different from those in AISC manual. The following example illustrates angle specifications. Example: L 40 35 6

= L 4 x 3-1/2 x 3/8

Angle symbol

Thickness is 1/16th inch

10 times length of one leg in inch

10 times length of other leg in inch

Similarly, L505010 = L 5 x 5 x 5/8 and L904016 = L 9 x 4 x 1 At present, there are two ways to define the local y and z-axes for an angle section. To make the transition from the AISC Manual to the program data easy, the standard section for an angle is specified: 51 52 53 TA ST L40356 This specification has the local z-axis (i.e., the minor axis) corresponding to the Z-Z axis specified in the steel tables. Many engineer are familiar with a convention used by some other programs in which the local y-axis is the minor axis. STAAD provides for this convention by accepting the command: 54 55 56 TA RA L40356

(RA denotes reverse angle)

Double Angles Short leg back to back or long leg back to back double angles can be specified by inputting the word SD or LD, respectively, in front of the angle size. In case of an equal angle either LD or SD will serve the purpose. Example: 14 TO 20 TA LD L35304 SP 0.5 23 27 TA SD L904012

(Short leg back to back L 9 x 4 x 3/4)

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(Long leg back to back L 3-1/2 x 3 x 1/4 with .5 space)

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Tees Tees are not input by their names, as they are listed in the AISC manual, but instead by designating the beam shapes (W and S) from which they are cut. Example: 1 2 5 8 TA T W8X24 tee cut from W8X24 which is WT4X12

Pipes Two types of specifications can be used for pipe sections. In general pipes may be input by their outer and inner diameters. Example: 1 TO 9 TA ST PIPE OD 2.0 ID 1.875

will mean a pipe with O.D. of 2.0 and I.D. of 1.875 in current units.

Pipe sections listed in the AISC manual can be specified as follows. 5 TO 10 ST PIPX20 PIP X 20 Pipe symbol Strength spec

(S=Standard, X=Extra-strong, D= Double extra-strong)

(denotes extra strong pipe of 2 in. dia.) 10 x Dia. in inches specify only portion before decimal point

Tubes Tubes from the AISC tables can be specified as follows. 5 TO 10 TA ST TUB120808 TUB 120 80 8 Thickness in 1/16th in.

Tube Symbol Height x 10 (in.)

Width x 10 (in.)

Tubes, likes pipes, can be input by their dimensions (Height, Width, and Thickness) as follows. 6 TA ST TUBE DT 8.0 WT 6.0 TH 0.5 is a tube that has a height of 8, a width of 6, and a wall thickness of 0.5 Member Selection cannot be performed on tubes specified in the latter way. Only code checking can be performed on these sections.

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Welded Plate Girders Welded plate girders from the AISC manual may be specified as follows. B

61 20 10 Thickness of flange in inches X 10 (Only use portion before decimal point)

Built-up section symbol Nominal Depth in inches

Nominal flange width (inches)

Member Property Specification This set of commands may be used for specification of section properties for frame members. General Format:

MEMBER PROPERTIES

{

{

AUSTRIALIAN CANADIAN EUROPIAN FRENCH INDIAN AMERICAN BRITISH GERMAN JAPANESE

}

TABLE type-spec table-name (additional-spec) PRISMATIC property-spec TAPERED argument-list UPTABLE i1 section-name ASSIGN profile-spect

}

AMERICAN, BRITISH, EUROPEAN (etc.) option will instruct the program to pick up properties from the appropriate steel table. The default depends on the country of distribution.

Description This command initiates the specification of MEMBER PROPERTY. Following are the various options availble: a.) Specification from built-in steel table b.) Specification of prismatic properties c.) Specification of tapered members d.) Specification from user provided table e.) Specification by ASSIGNing a profile

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Specifiying Properties from Steel Table Purpose The following commands are used for specifying section properties from built-in steel table(s) General Format:

type-spec table-name

type-spec =

additional-spec ST RA D LD SD T CM TC BC

{ }

ST

specifies single section from the standard built-in tables

RA

specifies single angle with reverse Y-Z axes

D

specifies double channel

LD

specifies long leg, back to back, double angle

SD

specifies short leg, back to back, double angle

T

specifies tee section cut from I shaped beams

CM

specifies composite section, available with I shaped beams

TC

specifies beams with top cover plate

BC

specifies beams with bottom cover plate

TB

specifies beams with top and bottom cover plate

table-name = Table section name like W8X18, C15X33 etc. The documentation on steel design per individual country codes contains information regarding their steel section specification also.

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additional-spec =

SP f1 WP TH WT DT OD ID CT FC

f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9

SP WP TH WT DT OD ID CT FC

f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9

{ }

= This set describes the spacing (f1) between angles or channels if double angles or double channels are used. f1 defaults to 0.0 if not given = Width (f2) of the cover plate if a cover plate is used with I-shaped sections = Thickness (f3) of plates or tubes = Width (f4) of tubes, where TUBE is the table-name = Depth (f5) of tubes = Outside diameter(f6) of pipes, where PIPE is the table-name. = Inside diameter (f7) of pipes = Concrete thickness (f8) for composite sections. = Compressive strength (f9) of the concrete for composite sections

Note: All values f1-9 must be supplied in current units. Some important points to note in the case of the composite section are: 1) The width of the concrete slab is assumed to be the width of the top flange of the steel section+16 times the thickness of the slab. 2.) In order to calculate the section properties of the cross-section, the modular ratio is calculated assuming that: Es = Modulus of elasticity of steel = 29000 Ksi. Ec = Modulus of elasticity of concrete = 1802.5 FC Ksi where FC (in Ksi) defined earlier.

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Prismatic Property Specification Purpose The following commands are used for specifying section properties for prismatic crosssection. General Format: For the PRISMATIC specification, properties are provided directly as follows:

property-spec =

AX IX IY IZ AY AZ YD ZD YB ZB

f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10

{ }

AX f1

= Cross sectional area of the member. If omitted, the area is calculated from the YD and ZD dimensions

IX f2

= Torsional constant.

IY f3

= Moment of inertia about local y-axis

IZ

= Moment of inertia about local z-axis (usually major)

f4

AY f5

= Effective shear area in local y-axis

AZ

= Effective shear area in local z-axis

f6

YD f7

= Depth of the member in local y direction. (Diameter of section for circular members)

ZD f8

= Depth of the member in local z direction. If ZD is not provided and YD is provided, the section wil be assumed to be circular.

YB f9

= Depth of stem for T-section.

ZB f10

= Width of stem for T-section or bottom width for TRAPEZOIDAL section.

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Prismatic Tapered Tube Property Specification Purpose The following commands are used to specify section properties for prismatic tapered tube cross-sections. General Format:

property-spec =

{

ROUND HEXDECAGONAL DODECAGONAL OCTAGONAL HEXAGONAL SQUARE

}

STARD d1 END d2 THICK t

START d1 = Depth of section at start of member. END d2 = Depth of section at end of member. THICK t = Thickness of section (constant throughout the member length). Example: UNIT INCHES MEMBER PROPERTIES 1 PRIS ROUND STA 10 END 8 THI 0.375 2 PRIS HDC STA 15 END 10 THI 0.375 3 PRIS DOD STA 12 END 12 THI 0.375

Tapered Member Specification Purpose The following commands are used to specify section properties for tapered I-shapes. General Format:

argument-list = f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 (f6 f7) where, f1 = Depth of section at start node. f2 = Thickness of web. f3 = Depth of section at end node. f4 = Width of top flange. f5 = Thickness of top flange f6 = Width of bottom flange. Defaults to f4 if left out. f7 = Thickness of bottom flange. Defaults to f5 left out.

Notes: 1. All dimensions (f1,f2,...,f7) should be current units. 2. f1 (Depth of section at start node) should always be greater than f3 (Depth of section at end node). The user should provide the member incidences accordingly.

EXAMPLE: MEMBER PROPERTY 1 TO 5 TAPERED 13.98 0.285 13.98 6.745 .455 6.745 .455

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Example:

bottom chord = 2 1/2" x 2 1/2" x 3/16" double angle = LD L25253 top chord = 2 1/2" x 2" x 3/16" double angle = LD L25203 web member = 2" x 2" x 3/16" double angle = LD L20203

STEPS: 1. You may click

property page icon or

click General / Property on Page Control

2. The Property window will appear as shown below. Click

3. Select the country.

4. Click Angle tab then select the size and specify other parameters then click Add button.

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5. Select the members.

6. Select Assign to Selected Beams then Click

7. Click Beta Angle tab. Define the beta angle and Click Assign button.

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Example for Prismatic Section Section of a:

0.60m 0.30m

Note: You may change first the Base Unit before you start assigning the property to reflect the correct dimension. Steps: Close all files. Click File(top menu), choose Configure. Click Base Unit tab. Select the desired unit. Click Accept button.

1. Click Commands(top menu)/Member Property/Prismatic or property page icon or Click General / Property on Page Control.

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2. Click Define button.

Click the tab for the desired shape.

3. Define the size of the section , type of material then click Add button. 4. Select the section from the list to be assigned to the member/s.

5. Select the members.

Note: To select more members, hold down the Ctrl key while selecting other members.

6. Select Assign to Selected Beams then Click

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ELEMENT PROPERTY SPECIFICATION This set of commands may be used to specify properties of plate finite elements. Unlike members and plate/shell elements, no properties are required for solid elements. However, constants such as modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio are to be specified. General Format

ELEMENT PROPERTY element-list THICKNESS f1 (f2, f3, f4 ) Description Elements of uniform or linearly varying thickness may be modeled using this command. Note that the value of the thickness must be provided in the current units.

Example UNIT INCH ELEMENT PROPERTY 1 TO 8 14 16 TH 0.25

STEPS: 1. You may click

property page icon or click General / Property on Page Control

2. The Property window will appear as shown below. Click

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3. Type the thickness and select type of material then click Add button.

4. You may change the view to select the members correctly. Click Cut-section icon. Select Window/Rubber band

(Side View).

Click here(hold)

release here

5. Click top view icon.

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6. Click the Plate cursor icon. element to select it.

Once the plate cursor is displayed, click in the plate

click here to select the plate element

Note:

To select more members, hold down the Ctrl key while selecting other members. 7. Click Assign to Selected Beam in Assign method then click Assign button.

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8. Click Cut section icon. Click Select View tab then click Show All button to display the entire structure.

9. Click Isometric View icon.

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DEFINING OF LOADS SELFWEIGHT - This command may be used to calculate and apply the SELFWEIGHT of the structure for analysis.

General Format

SELFWEIGHT

{} X Y Z

f1

This command is used if the selfweight of the structure is to be considered. The selfweight of every active member is calculated and applied as a uniformly distributed member load.

X,Y & Z f1

- represent the global direction in which the selfweight acts. - factor to be used to multiply the selfweight

This command may also be used without any direction and factor specification. Thus, if specified as "SELFWEIGHT", loads will be applied in the negative global Y direction with a factor of unity.

Note: Density must be provided for calculation of the selfweight. 1. Click General tab (page control) then click Load (sub-page control) or use Pull-down menu.

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2. Define a primary load then click ok.

3.Click Selfweight.

4.Define the parameters then click Assign button.

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JOINT LOAD - This set of commands may be used to specify JOINT loads on the structure.

General Format

JOINT LOAD joint-list =

FX , FY & FZ MX , MY & MZ f1 , f2... f6

FX FY FZ MX MY MZ

f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6

{ }

- specify a force in the corresponding global direction - specify a moment in the corresponding global direction. - are the values of the loads.

Note: Joint numbers may be repeated where loads are meant to be additive in the joint.

UNIT command may be on lines in between joint-list lines.

MEMBER LOAD - This set of commands may be used to specify MEMBER loads on frame members.

General Format:

member-list =

{

direction-spec =

UNI or UMOM CON or CMOM LIN TRA X Y Z GX GY GZ PX PY PZ

{}

direction-spec f1, f2, f3, f4 direction-spec f5, f6, f4 local-specf7, f8, f9 direction-spec f10, f11, f12,f13

local-spec =

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}

{} X Y Z

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UNIFORM (UNI or UMCOM) - specifies a uniformly distributed load or moment with a value of f1, at a distance of f2 from the start of the member to the start of the load, and a distance of f3 from the start of the member to the end of the load. The load is assumed to cover the full member length if f2 and f3 are omitted. Illustration:

if f2 and f3 are omitted

f1 f2

f1

f3 member length

member length

f4 - Perpendicular distance from the member shear center to the plane of

loading. The value is positive in the general direction of the parallel (or close to parallel) local axis.

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CONCENTRATED(CON or CMOM) - specifies a concentrated force or moment with a value of f5 applied at a distance of f6 from the start of the member. f6 will default to half the member length if omitted. Illustration:

if f6 is omitted

f5

f5

half of member length

f6

member length

member length

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LINEARLY VARYING LOAD (UNI or UMCOM) - specifies a linearly decreasing or increasing, or a triangular load. If the load is linearly increasing or decreasing then f7 is the value at the start of the member and f8 is the value at the end. If the load is triangular, then f7 and f8 are input as zero and f9 is the value of the load in the middle of the member. Illustration:

if f7 & f8 is equal to zero

f9 f8

f7

half of member length member length

member length

Note: Load is acting on entire member

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TRAPEZOIDAL LOAD (TRAP) - specifies a trapezoidal linearly varying load which that act over the full or partial length of the member and in a local, global or projected direction. The starting load value is given by f10 , and the ending load value f11. The loading location is given by f12, the loading starting point and f13, the stopping point. Both are measured from the start of the member. If f12 and f13 are not given, the load is assumed to cover the full mem ber length.

if f10 & f11 is equal to zero

Illustration:

f11 f10

f11 f10

f12 f13

member length

member length

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EXERCISE -4 KN -2 KN/M -6 KN/M

-5 KN -5 KN/M

1 2m

-6 KN/M

2

member no. 5m

-2 KN/M

3m

3 3m

3m

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4m

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3m

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AREA LOAD / FLOOR LOAD These commands may be used to specify AREA LOAD or FLOOR LOADs on a structure The AREA LOAD may be used for modeling one-way distribution and the FLOOR LOAD may be used for modeling two-way distribution.

General Format for

AREA LOAD AREA LOAD member-list ALOAD f1

f1 - The value of the area load (unit weight over square length unit). This load always acts along the positive local y-axis. For the members of a FLOOR analysis, this direction will coincide with global vertical axis in most cases.

NOTE: Area load should not be specified on members declared as MEMBER CABLE, MEMBER TRUSS or MEMBER TENSION. EXAMPLE:

AREA LOAD 2 4 TO 8 ALOAD -.250 12 16 ALOAD -.500

General Format for

FLOOR LOAD FLOOR LOAD YRANGE

f1 f2 FLOAD f3

( XRANGE f4 f5 ZRANGE f6 f7 )

f1 f2 - Global vertical coodinate values to specify vertical range. The floor load will be f3 -

calculated for all members lying in the global horizontal plane within the specified global vertical range. The value of the floor load (unit weight over square length unit). This load always acts parallel to the global vertical axis. A positive value signifies that the load is acting the positive global Y-direction. A negative value indicates a load in the negative global Y direction.

f4- f7 - Global X and Z coordinate values to define the corner points of the area on w/c the specified floor load (f3) acts. If not specified, the floor load will be calculated for all members in all floors w/in the specified global vertical range.

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NOTE: 1)

The structure has to be modeled in such away that the global vertical axis remains perpendicular to the floor plane(s).

2)

For the FLOOR LOAD specification, a two-way distribution of the load is consid ered. For the AREA LOAD specification, a one-way action is considered.

3)

FLOOR LOAD from a slab is distributed on the adjoining members as trapezoidal and triangular loads depending on the length of the sides as shown in the diagram. Internally, these loads are converted to multiple point loads.

4)

be

The load per unit area may not vary for a particular panel and it is assumed to continuous and without holes.

5)

The FLOOR LOAD facility is not available if the SET Z UP command is used.

6)

If the floor has a shape consisting of a mixture of convex and concave edges, then break up the floor load command into several parts, each for a certain region of the floor. This will force the program to localize the search for panels and the solution will be better.

The load distribution pattern depends upon the shape of the panel. If the panel is Rectangular, the distribution will be Trapezoidal and triangular as explained in the following diagram. X

Z

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For a panel that is not rectangular, the distribution is described in following diagram

1 Triangular

5

2 UD L

Triangular

Triangular

Triangular

4 EXAMPLE 11' 1

10'

joint no.

3

2 1

member no.

B

A

6' 5

C

4

10

10'

5 7

6

8

3

4

9

Z

X

2 7

6

First, the CG of the polygon is calculated. Then, each corner is connected to the CG to form triangles as shown. For each triangle, a vertical line is drawn from the CG to the opposite side. If the point of intersection of 3 the vertical line and the side falls outside the triangle, the area of that triangle will be calculated and an equivalent uniform distributed load will be applied on that side. Otherwise a triangular load will be applied on the side.

8

Let us consider the following floor plan at y =12'. If the entire floor has a load of 0.25 (force/unit area), then the input will be as follows: ... LOAD 2 FLOOR LOAD YRA 12.0 12.0 FLOAD -0.25

If in the above example, panel A has a load of 0.25 and panel B and C have a load 0.5, then the input will be as follows: Note the usage of XRANGE , YRANGE and ZRANGE specifications. ... LOAD 2 FLOOR LOAD YRA 11.9 12.1 FLOAD -0.25 XRA 0.0 11.0 ZRA 0.0 16.0 YRA 11.9 12.1 FLOAD -.50 XRA 11.0 21.0 ZRA 0.0 16.0 LOAD 3 ... The program internally identifies the panels (shown as A, B & C in the fig.). The floor loads are distributed as trapezoidal and triangular loads as shown by dotted lines in the figure. The negative sign for the load signifies that it is applied in the downward global Y direction.

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DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS

DATA

Design of Steel Truss = 6.0 m O.C.

LOADS

a. DEAD LOAD Metal Roofing = 0.10 KPa Purlins = 0.10 KPa Ceiling & Utilities = 0.40 KPa

Computation: (0.10 + 0.10) x 6 = 1.2 KN/m (top chord) 0.40 x 6 =2.4 KN/m (bottom chord)

b. LIVE LOAD Computation:

Roof Live Load

= 1.0 KPa

L.L. = 1.0 x 6.0 = 6.0 KN/m

c. WIND LOAD @ Windward Side P = CeCqQsI = 0.89(0.30)(1.5)(1.0) = 0.40 KPa x 6.0m = 2.4 KN/m @ Leeward Side P = 0.89(0.70)(1.5)(1.0) = 0.93 KPa x 6.0m = 2.58 KN/m d. MEMBER PROPERTIES Top chord = 2 1/2" X 2" X 3/16" 2L = LD 25203 Bottom chord= 2 1/2" X 2 1/2" X 3/16" 2L = LD 25253 Web Member = 2" X 2 X 3/16" 2L = LD 25203 Spacing (gusset plate) = 3/16" = 0.188"

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Live load = -6.0 KN/m

Dead load = -12.0 KN/m

N/m

s ward

d

Win

ide =

0K -2.4

Leew

ard

side

= 5. 58 K N/m

Dead load = -2.40 KN/m

STEPS: Step 1. Click General tab (page-control), Load(sub-page) or click Command (top menu) / Loading/Primary Load

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Step 2. Define the Load case no. and the title then click OK

Step 3. Click Member button to define the type of loading and value.

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Step 4. Select the type of loading. Input the value of load, direction and distances then click Add button.

Step 5.a Select the load to be applied from the Load specification list then select the member(s). Click Assign To Selected Beam from assignment method.

5.a.1

selected members

5.a.2

5.a.3 RESULT:

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Step 5.b If there are grouped created, select the load from the list of loads, then select the grouped by name then click Assign to selected Beams.

5.b.1 Select the load to be applied

5.b.2 Select the group name (e.g. _TC ) then click OK.

selected members

5.b.3 Click Assign to Selected Beams then click Assign.

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LOAD COMBINATION This command may be used to combine the results of the analysis. The combination may be algebraic. SRSS and a combination of both. General Format

LOAD COMBINATION i1, f1, i2, f2 ..(fsrss)

{

}

SRSS ABS

i a1

i = Load combination number(any integer smaller than 100000 that is not the same as any previously defined primary load case number.) a1 = Any title for the load combination i1 , i2... represents the load case numbers which are to be combined f1, f2 ... represents corresponding factors to be applied to loadings. fSRSS = optional factor to be applied as a multiplying factor on the combined result of the SRSS result of the SRSS load combination. If the last character on a line is a hyphen, then the command is continued on the next line. A limit of 100 prior cases may be factored in one command. NOTE: 1) 2) 3)

In the LOAD COMBINATION SRSS option, if the minus sign precedes any load case no., then that load case will be combined algebraically with the SRSS combination of the rest. The total number of primary and combination load cases combined cannot exceed 500. A zero factor terminates the list.

Description LOAD COMBINATION Results from anlysis will be combined algebraically.

LOAD COMBINATION 6 DL + LL + WL 1 0.75 2 0.75 3 1.33

LOAD COMBINATION ABS Absolute value of results from the analyses will be combined.

LOAD COMBINATION ABS 7 DL +LL + WL 1 0.85 2 0.65 3 2.12

LOAD COMBINATION SRSS Results from analyses may be combined both algebraically and using the SRSS (Square Root of Summation of Squares) method. The combination scheme may be mixed if required. For example, in the same load combination case, results from load cases may be combined in the SRSS manner and then combined algebraically with other load cases.

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STEPS: Step 1. Click General tab (page-control menu)/ Load tab(sub-page). Step 2. Click Combine... button. Step 3. Click New... button.

Step 4. Type the load combination number & title (optional)

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Step 5.Type the factor load.

Step 6. Select the loading(s).

Step 7. Click Transfer button then OK.

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GLOBAL SUPPORT SPECIFICATION This set of commands may be used to specify the SUPPORT conditions for supports parallel to the global axes. General Format

SUPPORTS joint-list

release-spec =

PINNED FIXED (BUT release-spec[spring-spec.]) ENFORCED (BUT release-spec) FX FY FZ MX MY MZ

spring-spec =

KFX KFY KFZ KMX KMY KMZ

f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6

Description

PINNED support is a support that has translational, but no rotational restraints. In other words, the support has no moment carrying capacity. A FIXED support has both translational and rotational restraints. A FIXED support can be released in the global directions as described in release-spec (FX for force-X through MZ for momentZ). Also, a fixed support can have spring constants as described in spring-spec (translational spring in global X-axis as KFX through rotational spring in global Z-axis as KMZ). Corresponding spring constants are f1 through f6. Note that the rotational spring constants are always per degree of rotation. All six releases may be provided as may be required when using the CHANGE command. If both release specifications and spring specifications are to be supplied for the same support joint, release specification must come first. Example

SUPPORTS 1 TO 4 7 PINNED 5 6 FIXED BUT FX MZ 8 9 FIXED BUT MZ KFX 50.0 KFY 75. 18 21 FIXED 27 FIXED BUT KFY 125.0

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In this example, joints 1 to 4 and joint 7 are pinned. No moments are carried by those supports. Joints 5 and 6 are fixed for all DOF except in force-X and moment-Z. Joints 8 & 9 are fixed for all DOF except moment-Z and have spring in the global X and Y directions with corresponding spring constants of 50 and 75 units respectively. Joints 18 & 21 are fixed for all translational and rotational degrees of freedom. At joint 27, all DOF are fixed except the FY DOF where it has spring with of 125 units spring constant.

Notes 1) 2) 3) 4)

Users are urged to refer to Section 5.38(STAAD Tech. manual) for information on specification of SUPPORTS along with the CHANGE command specifications. Spring constants must be provided in the current units. All spring DOF must be entered after the last non-spring DOF is specified, if both are on the same line. If there are two entries for the same joint, then: a) any direction that is pinned/fixed on either will be fixed in that direction. b) any direction released on one and is a spring on the other will use the spring. c) Any direction that is pinned/fixed on one and a spring on the other will use pinned/fixed.

Description of Enforced Enforced Support defines which translational and rotational directions, at a joint, may have a support displacement imposed. If no support displacement is entered, then zero displacement will be imposed, as if that direction was FIXED. The enforced displacement directions will be fixed for dynamic load cases. If there are two entries for the same joint, then any direction that is enforced on either will be enforced in that direction, overriding any other support specification for that joint-direction.

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Step 1. Click General tab(page control) / Support. Step 2. Click Add button.

Step 3. Select the type of support and define parameter if any. Click Create button.

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Step 4. Select the type of support from the list.

Step 5. Click the joint where the support is to be placed.

Step 6. Click Assign To Selected Nodes from Assignment Method.

Result:

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Analysis Specification STAAD analysis options include linear static analysis, P-Delta (or second order analysis), Nonlinear analysis, and several types of Dynamic Analysis. This command is used to specify the analysis request. In addition, this command may be used to request various analysis related data like load info, statics check info, mode shapes etc. General Format

{

PERFORM NONLINEAR

}

ANALYSIS (PRINT

{

LOAD DATA STATICS CHECK STATICS LOAD MODE SHAPES BOTH ALL

}

)

Without one of these analysis commands, no analysis will be performed. These ANALYSIS commands can be repeated if multiple analyses are needed at different phases. If the PRINT LOAD DATA command is specified, the program will print an interpretation of all the load data. PRINT STATICS CHECK will provide a summation of the applied loads and support reactions as well as a summation of moments of the loads and reactions taken around the origin. PRINT STATICS LOAD prints everything that PRINT STATICS CHECK does, plus it prints a summation of all internal and external forces at each joint (generates voluminous output). PRINT STATICS LOAD should be used for members only, no results are given for plates or solids. PRINT MODE SHAPES prints mode shape values at the joints for all calculated mode shapes. PRINT BOTH is equivalent to PRINT LOAD DATA plus PRINT STATICS CHECK. PRINT ALL is equivalent to PRINT DATA plus PRINT STATICS LOAD.

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STEPS:

1. Click Commands(top menu)/Analysis/Perform 2. Select the Print Option then click OK. Analysis

Using Page Control

1. Click Analysis/Print tab (Page control)/ Analysis (Sub-page). 2. Click Define Commands button.

3. Click Perform Analsis tab then select Print option then click ok

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LOAD LIST This command allows specification of a set of active load cases. All load cases made active by this command remain active until a new load list is specified. General Format

LOAD LIST

{

load-list ALL

}

Description This command is used to activate the load cases listed in this command and, in a sense, deactivate all other load cases not listed in this command. In other words, the loads listed are used for printing output and in design for performing the specified calculations. Note that, when PERFORM ANALYSIS command is used, the program internally uses all load cases, regardless of LOAD LIST command, except after CHANGE or RESTORE command. In these two cases, the LOAD LIST command allows the program to perform analysis only those loads in the list. If the LOAD LIST command is never used, the program will assume all load cases to be active.

Step 1. Click Command(top menu) / Loading / Load List

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Step 2. Select the Load Cases.

Step 3. Click the

button to transfer selected load cases to the load list

to transfer all load cases

Step 4. Click OK. MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

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PARAMETER SPECIFICATIONS This set of commands may be used to specify the parameters required for steel design. General Format

PARAMETER CODE

{

{

AASHTO / AISC / AUSTRALIAN /BRITISH / CANADIAN / FRENCH / GERMAN /INDIA / JAPAN / LRFD / NORWAY

parameter-name f1 PROFILE a1,(a2,a3)

}{

MEMBER memb-list ALL

}

}

Description Parameter-name refers to the "PARAMETER NAME" (s) listed in the parameter table contained in the Steel Design section. f1 = Value of the parameter The user can control the design through specification of proper parameter. The PROFILE parameter is available for AISC ASD code only. The user can specify up to three profiles (a1, a2 and a3). The PROFILE parameter-name is used only for member selection where members are selected from each of those profile names. The PROFILE for T-section is a W-shape. Also, the shape specified initially under MEMBER PROPERTIES. Note that the PROFILE command can only be used for the AMERICAN steel table. CODE parameter lets you choose the type of steel code to be checked for design. The default steel code depends on the country of distribution. Example:

PARAMETERS CODE AISC KY 1.5 MEMB 3 7 TO 11 NSF 0.75 ALL PROFILE W12 W14 MEMB 1 2 23 RATIO 0.9 ALL

Notes 1) All unit sensitive values should be in the current unit system. 2)

For default values of the parameters, refer to the appropriate table.

3)

PROFILE command is available with American AISC ASD code only. It is not available with the LRFD or AASHTO codes.

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STEPS: 1. Using Page Control

For Steel: For Concrete:

3. Click Design Parameters button then select parameter tab and specify the value.

For Concrete:

For Steel: 2. Select the code.

Steel:

Concrete:

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SELECT OPTIMIZED This command performs member selection using an optimized technique based on multiple analysis/design iterations.

General Format

SELECT OPTIMIZED Description The program selects all members based on a state-of-the-art optimization technique. This method requires multiple analyses as well as iteration of sizes until an overall structure least weight is obtained. This command should be used with caution since it wil require longer processing time.

Notes 1) 2)

The output of this command may be controlled using the TRACK parameter. Three levels of details are available. Refer to the appropriate Steel Design section for more information on the TRACK parameter. This command may require multiple iterations involving analysis/design cyles and therefore may be time consuming.

Step 1. Click Design (page-control) / Steel (sub-page) Step 2. Click Commands button. Step 3. Click Select Optimized button then click Add.

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CODE CHECKING This command performs code checking operation on specified members based on the American Institute of Timber Construction (AITC) codes.

General Format

CHECK CODE

{

MEMBER member-list ALL

}

Description This command checks the specified against the requirements of the American Institute of Timber Construction (AITC) codes. The results of the code checking are summarized in a tabular format.

Notes

The output of this command may be controlled by the TRACK parameter. Two levels of detail are available.

STEP 1. Click Design(page-control)/ Steel (sub-page) STEP 2. Select code. STEP 3. Click Command button

STEP 4. Click Check Code tab then click Add.

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STEP 5. Select the Code Check from the Steel Design window, then select the member where the command is to be applied and click Assign to Selected Beam from Assignment Method then Click Assign Button.

STEEL TAKE OFF This command may be used to obtain a summary of all steel sections being used along with their lengths and weights.

General Format

STEEL (MEMBER) TAKE ( OFF ) Description This command provides a complete listing of all different steel table sections used in the structure. The tabulated listing will include total length of each section name and its total weight. This can be helpful in estimating steel quantities. The MEMBER option list each member length and weight by number, profile-type, length and weight.

Notes

This facility may be very effectively utilized to obtain a quick estimate of the structural steel quantity.

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STEP 1. Click Design(page-control)/ Steel (sub-page) STEP 2. Click Command button STEP 3. Click Take off tab then click Add.

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PRINT SPECIFICATION This command is used to direct the program to print various mdeling information and analysis results. STAAD offers a number of versatile print commands that can be used to customize the output. General format for data related print commands:

JOIN COORDINATES MEMBER INFORMATION ELEMENT INFORMATION SOLID MEMBER PROPERTIES MATERIAL PROPERTICES SUPPORT INFORMATION or ALL

PRINT

(ALL) LIST list of items i.e. joints, members

General format to print location of CG.

PRINT CG General format to print analysis results:

PRINT

JOINT DISPLACEMENTS (MEMBER) FORCES ANALYSIS RESULTS (MEMBER) SECTION FORCES MEMBER STRESSES ELEMENT (JOINT) STRESSES (AT f1 f2) ELEMENT FORCES ELEMENT (JOINT) STRESSES SOLID MODE SHAPES

List-spec

(ALL) List-spec =

LIST list of items i.e. joints, members or elements

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General format to print support reactions:

PRINT SUPPORT REACTIONS General format to print entire steel table:

PRINT ENTIRE (TABLE) General format to print story drift:

PRINT STORY DRIFT Description Note that the list of items is not applicable for PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS, PRINT SUPPORT REACTIONS, and PRINT MODE SHAPES command. The PRINT JOINT COORDINATES command prints all interpreted coordinates of joints. The PRINT MEMBER INFORMATION command prints all member information, including member length, member incidences, beta angles, whether or not a member is a truss member and the member release conditions at start and end of the member(1=released, 0 =not released). The PRINT ELEMENT INFORMATION command prints all incident joints, element thicknesses, and Poisson ratios for Plate/Shell elements. The PRINT ELEMENT INFORMATION SOLID command prints similar information for Solid elements. The PRINT MEMBER PROPERTIES command prints all member properties including cross sectional area, moments of inertia, and section moduli in both axes. Units for the properties are always INCH or CM (depending on FPS or METRIC) regardless of the unit specified in UNIT command. The following designation is used for member property names: AX - Cross section area AY - Area used to compute shear deformation in local Y-axis AZ - Area used to compute shear deformation in local Z-axis IZ - Moment of Inertia about the local Z-axis IY - Moment of Inertia about the local Y-axis IX - Torsional constant SY - Smallest section modulus about the local Y-axis SZ - Smallest section modulus about the local Z-axis The PRINT MATERIAL PROPERTIES command prints all material properties for the members, including E (modulus of elasticity), G (shear modulus), weight density and coefficient of thermal expansion (alpha) for frame members. This command is available for members only.

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The PRINT SUPPORT INFORMATION command prints all support information regarding their fixity, releases and spring constant values, if any. The LIST option is not available for this command. The PRINT ALL command is equivalent to last five print commands combined. This command prints joint coordinates, member information, member properties, material properties and support information, in that order. The PRINT CG command print out the coordinates of the center of gravity of the structure. Only the selfweight of the structure is used to calculate the C.G. User defined joint loads, member loads etc. are not calculated in the calculation of CG. The PRINT (JOINT) DISPLACEMENTS command prints joint displacements in a tabulated form. The displacements for all six directions will be printed for all specified load cases. The length unit for the displacements is always INCH or CM (depending on FPS or METRIC unit) regardless of the unit specified in UNIT command. The PRINT (MEMBER) FORCES command prints member forces (i.e. Axial force (AXIAL), Shear force in Y and Z axes (SHEAR-Y and SHEAR-Z), Torsional Moment (TORSION), Moments about local Y and Z axes (MOM-Y and MOM-Z) in a tabulated form for the listed members, for all specified load cases. The PRINT ANALYIS RESUTS command is equivalent to the last t hree commands combined. With this command, the joint displacements, support reactions and member forces in that order printed. The PRINT (MEMBER) SECTION FORCES command prints member forces at the intermediate sections specified with a previously input SECTION command. The printing is done in a tabulated form, by member, for all specified laod cases. The PRINT (MEMBER) STRESSES command tabulates member stresses at the start joint, end joint and all specified intermediate sections. These stresses include axial ( i.e. axial force over the area), bending-y(i.e. moment-y over section modulus in local y-axis), bending-z(i.e. moment-z over section modulus in local z-axis), shear stresses in both local y and z directions (FY/AY and FZ/AZ) and combined (absolute combination of axial, bending-y and bending-z) stresses. For PRISMATIC sections, if AY and/or AZ is not provided, the full cross-sectional area (AX) will be considered in shear stress calculations. For TAPERED sections, the values of AY and AZ are those for the location where the stress is printed. Hence if the stress is printed at the location 0.0, the AY at AZ are based on the dimension of the member at the start mode. AY = Total depth * Thickness of web AZ = 2/3 area of both flanges put together.

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The PRINT ELEMENT STRESSES command must be used to print plate stresses (SX, SY, SXY, SQX, SQY), moments per unit width (MX, MY, MXY) and principal stresses (SMAX, SMIN, TMAX) for plate/shell elements. Typically, the stresses and moments per unit width at the centroid will be printed. The Von Mises stresses (VONT, VONB) as well as the angle (ANGLE) defining the orientation of the principal planes are also printed. SQX Shear stress on the local X-face in the Z direction SQY Shear stress on the local Y-face in the Z direction MX Moment per unit width about the local X face MY Moment per unit width about the local Y face MXY Torsional Moment per unit width in the local X-Y plane SX Axial stress in the local X direction SY Axial stress in the local Y direction SXY Shear stress in the local XY plane VONTVon Mises stress on the top surface of the element VONB -Von Mises stress on the bottom surface of the element SMAX -Maximum in-plane Principal stress SMIN Minimum in-plane Principal stress TMAX -Maximum in-plane Shear stress ANGLE Angle which determines direction of maximum principal stress with respect to local X-axis If the JOINT option is used, forces and moments at the nodal points are also printed out in addition to the centroid of the element. The AT option may be used to print element forces at any specified point within the element. The AT option must be accompanied by f1 and f2. Note f1 and f2 are local X and Y coodinates(in current units) of the point where the stresses and moments are required. The PRINT ELEMENT FORCES command enables printing of plate "corner forces" [ F = Kel . Del ]. The PRINT ELEMENT (JOINT) STRESS SOLID command enables printing of stresses at the center of the SOLID elements. The variables that appear in the output are the following. Normal Stresses Shear Stresses Principal Stresses Von Mises Stresses Direction cosines

: : : : :

SXX, SYY and SZZ SXY, SYZ and SZX S1, S2 and S3 SE 6 direction cosines are printed following the expression DC, corresponding to the first two principal stress direction. The JOINT option will print out the stresses at the nodes of the solid elements.

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The PRINT MODE SHAPES command prints joint displacements for all calculated modes. The PRINT SUPPORT REACTIONS command prints support reactions in a tabulated form, by support, for all specified load cases. The LIST option is not available for this command. The PRINT ENTIRE TABLE command may be used to obtain a print-out of the contents of the steel table from which member properties are being used. This command must be provided following the specification of all member properties. The PRINT STORY DRIFT command may be used to obtain a print-out of the average lateral displacement of all joint at each vertical level of the structure.

PROCEDURE FOR PRINT COMMANDS STEP 1. Using Page-control menu. Click Pre-Print tab for data related print commands. STEP 2. Click Define Commands button. STEP 3. Select the command and define parameter if any then click Add.

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PROCEDURE FOR PRINT COMMANDS(PRINT ANALYSIS RESULT) STEP 1. Using Page-control menu. Click Post-Print tab to print analysis result. STEP 2. Click Define Commands button. STEP 3. Select the command and define parameter if any then click Add.

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DRAW SPECIFICATIONS This set of commands may be used to generate printer plots of structure geometry and results as part of the output. Description Besides interactive graphics, STAAD has features to provide commands to plot structural geometry, analysis results etc. as part of the STAAD output file. Note that these output files (.ANL files) should be printed only through the PRINT OUTPUT option of the main menu of STAAD. Plots can also be displayed by the VIEW OUTPUT option of the main menu of STAAD. Plots are of high-resolution and most of the 8/9/24 pin dot matrix and laser printer are supported. The DRAW command is used to create the plots in the output. The following is the format of the DRAW command.

DRAW

ISOMETRIC ROTATE rotate-spec SECTION section-spec ZOOM f1 SHIFT xy JOINT MEMBER SUPPORT PROPERTY SHAPE HIDDEN - LINE - REMOVED SHRINK f2 LOAD ln DFDRAW ln MODRAW sn SCDRAW ln MSDRAW ln force-spec BMDRAW ln force-spec ENVELOP force-spec SCALE f3 VALUE STRESS CONTOUR ln

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(LIST list-spec)

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X xa rotate-spec = Y ya Z za

force-spec =

section-spec =

XY YZ XZ

r1 r2

FX FY MZ FZ MY

f1

= Zoom factor by which structure is to be reduced or enlarged. A value less than 1.0 is for reduction and greater than 1.0 is to enlarge. = Shrink factor by which member/elements be shrunk. Value varies from f2 0.1 to 0.9 = Scale factor by which deflected shapes to be multiplied. Normally all scales are f3 automatically computed. However, the user may change this by this command. x, y = x and y shift values based on structure coordinates. ln = Load number to be considered. sn = Mode-shapes number to be displayed. xa, ya, za = X, Y, and Z angles by which the structure is to be rotated = Maximum and minimum values defining the range in the direction r1, r2 perpendicular to the specified section plane.

Notes

1) Following commands may be used anywhere in the input. ISOMETRIC - Draw isometric view ROTATE - Rotates as specified in rotate-spec SECTION - Draw section as specified in section-spec ZOOM - Draw with zoom factor of value f1 SHIFT - Shift structure to the specified x, y values JOINT - Display joint numbers. MEMBER - Display member numbers. SUPPORT - Display support icons. PROPERTY - Display property names. SHAPE - Display the shape of the member property with proper BETA angle orientation. HIDE - Remove hidden lines when elements are present. SHRINK - Shrink all member/elements by the factor of f2 LOAD - Display load icons. Obviously, this command can be used only after the loadings are provided.

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1) Following commands are related to results and should be used only after the PERFORM ANALYSIS command. DFSDRAW MODRAW SCDRAW MSDRAW

-

Draw deflected shape. Draw mode shape. Draw section displacement. Display force/moment diagram on the entire structure for specified ln (load number). BMDRAW - Display force/moment diagram for independent members as listed in LIST. No more than 2 member lists are allowed. Use multiple DRAW commands to display force/moment diagrams for independent members. ENVELOP - Same as MSDRAW except worst of all active load cases. SCALE - Scale factor by which deflected shapes to be multiplied. VALUE - Display values of Force/Moments, displacements. STRESS-CONTOUR - Draw stress-contour for finite elements. Only the contour for the Absolute maximum principal stress can be plotted.

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SAMPLE INPUT FILE STAAD PLANE DESIGN OF TRUSS INPUT WIDTH 72 UNIT METER KNS JOINT COORDINATES 1 0. 0. 0.; 2 1.5 0. 0.; 3 3. 0. 0.; 4 4.5 0. 0.; 5 6. 0. 0. 6 7.5 0. 0.; 7 9. 0. 0.; 8 10.5 0. 0.; 9 12. 0. 0.; 10 13.5 0. 0. 11 15. 0. 0.; 12 1.5 .4 0.; 13 3. .8 0.; 14 4.5 1.2 0.; 15 6. 1.6 0. 16 7.5 2. 0.; 17 9. 1.6 0.; 18 10.5 1.2 0.; 19 12. .8 0.; 20 13.5 .4 0. MEMBER INCIDENCES 1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10 10 10 11; 11 1 12; 12 12 13; 13 13 14; 14 14 15; 15 15 16; 16 16 17 17 17 18; 18 18 19; 19 19 20; 20 20 11; 21 2 12; 22 3 12; 23 3 13 24 4 13; 25 4 14; 26 5 14; 27 5 15; 28 6 15; 29 6 16; 30 6 17; 31 7 17 32 7 18; 33 8 18; 34 8 19; 35 9 19; 36 9 20; 37 10 20 UNIT INCHES KNS MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN 11 TO 20 TABLE LD L35354 SP .18 1 TO 10 TABLE LD L35354 SP .18 21 TO 27 31 TO 37 TABLE LD L20202 SP .18 28 TO 30 TABLE LD L20203 SP .18 MEMBER TRUSS 21 TO 37 UNIT METER KNS CONSTANT E STEEL ALL DENSITY STEEL ALL POISSON STEEL ALL BETA 180. MEMB 1 TO 10 SUPPORT 1 FIXED 6 11 PINNED LOAD 1 DEAD LOAD SELFWEIGHT Y -1. MEMBER LOAD 11 TO 20 UNI GY -1.2 1 TO 10 UNI GY -2.4 LOAD 2 LIVE LOAD MEMBER LOAD 11 TO 20 UNI GY -4.2 LOAD 3 WIND LOAD MEMBER LOAD 11 TO 15 UNI Y -2.4 16 TO 20 UNI Y 5.58

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LOAD COMB 4 DL+LL 1 1. 2 1. LOAD COMB 5 DL+WL 1 1. 3 1. LOAD COMB 6 0.75(DL+LL+WL) 1 .75 2 .75 3 .75 UNIT INCHES KIP PERFORM ANALYSIS LOAD LIST ALL PARAMETER CODE AISC TRACK 1. ALL CB 0. ALL RATIO .9 ALL BEAM 1. MEMB 1 TO 20 CHECK CODE ALL UNIT METER KG STEEL MEMBER TAKE OFF UNIT METER KNS PRINT MEMBER FORCES ALL PRINT SUPPORT REACTIONS FINISH

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Tabulated Results of Steel Design For code checking or member selection, the program produces the results in a tabulated fashion. The items in the output tables are explained as follows: a)

MEMBER refers to the member number for which the design is performed.

b)

TABLE refers to the AISC steel section name which has been checked against the steel code or has been selected.

c)

RESULT prints whether the member has PASSed or FAILed. If the RESULT is FAIL, there will be an asterisk (*) mark in front of the member number.

d)

CRITICAL COND refers to the section of the AISC code which governed the design.

e)

RATIO prints the ratio of actual stresses to allowable stresses for the critical condition. Normally a value of 1.0 or less will mean member has passed.

f)

LOADING provides the load case number which governed the design.

g)

FX, MY and MZ provide the axial force, moment in local y-axis and moment in local z-axis respectively. Although STAAD does not consider all the member forces and moments to perform design, only FX MY and MZ are printed since they are the ones which are of interest, in most cases.

h)

LOCATION specifies the actual distance from the start of the member to the section where design forces govern.

i)

If the parameter TRACK is set to 1.0, the program will block out part of the table and will print the allowable bending stresses in compression (FCY & FCZ) and tension (FTY & FTZ), allowable axial stress in compression (FA), and allowable shear stress (FV), all in kips per square inch. In addition, member length, area, section moduli, governing KL/r ration and CB are also printed.

j)

In the output for TRACK 2.0, the items Fey and Fez are as follows: Fey =

12 π2 E 23(KYLY/ry)2

Fez =

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12 π2 E 23(KzLz/rz)2

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Sample Print Analysis (Steel Design) DESIGN RESULT:

STEEL TAKE-OFF:

SUPPORT REACTION:

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FOUR-STOREY COMMERCIAL BUILDING

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

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ROOF DECK PLAN

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SECTION THRU 'A-A'

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TYPICAL 2ND TO 4TH FLR. FRAMING PLAN

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LOAD CRITERIA A. DEAD LOAD Ceiling & Utilities Topping & Finishes Topping & Waterproofing 6" CHB Partition (Plastered) 4" CHB Partition (Plastered) 6" CHB Exterior wall w/ window 6" CHB Interior Partition B. LIVE LOAD Office Restroom Storage/Hallway Roof Movable Partition Stairs

-

0.5 1.0 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 3.5 2.1

KPa KPa KPa KPa KPa KPa KPa KPa

-

2.4 2.4 4.8 2.0 1.0 4.8

KPa KPa KPa KPa KPa KPa

Sample Computation: (Dead Load) For 3.0 m x 7.5 m slab (w/o partition) a. Short Side S.S. = WS = (.5+1+3.5) * (3) 3 3 = 5.0 KN/M b. Longer Side L.S. = WS * 3 - M2 = (5*3) * (3 - (3 / 7.5)2) 3 2 3 2 = 7.1 KN/M where:

S

M = S L

L

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Constants Density = 23.5 kn/m3 (for column, girders, beams) Modulus of Elasticity Ec = 5000efc' MPa use fc' = 27.6 MPa = 4000psi Ec = 26.5 x 106 = 26.5E6 Property of Slab : Assume 6" thk = 0.15m

ACI LIMITATIONS Minimum thickness of slab unless deflections are computed Member

End Condition

fy=40 ksi

fy=60 ksi

Solid one-way

Simple support

S/25

S/20

Slabs

One-end Continuous

S/30

S/34

Both ends

S/35

S/18

Illustration

both-ends continuous

one-end continuous

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MEMBER PROPERTIES(BEAMS,COLUMNS)

.5x.35

.6 x.3

.4x.25

.6 x.3

.6 x.3

.4x.25

.4X.25

.4X.20

.45X.3

.4X.20

.45X.3

.4X.20

.45X.3

.4X.20

.4X.25

.4X.20

.45X.3

.4X.20

.45X.3

.4X.20

.45X.3

.4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25

.35X.2

.35X.2

.35X.2

..4X.25

.35X.2

.45X.3

.4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .45X.3

.45X.3

.35X.2

.6 x.3

.6 x.3

.6x.4

.6 x.3

.5x.35

.6x.4

.6 x.4

.4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25 .4x.25

.45X.3

.45X.3

.4X.20

.4x.25 .4x.25

.6 x.3

.6 x.4

.6x.4

.4x.25

.6 x.3

.6 x.3

.6 x.4

.5x.35

.6x.4

.6 x.4

.6 x.3

.6 x.3

.5x.35

.6x.4

.5x.35

.6 x.4

.5x.35

.6x.4

.6 x.3 .6 x.3

.4x.25

.5x.35

.6x.4 .6x.4

.5x.35

.6 x.4 .6 x.4

.4X.20

.45X.3

.4X.20

.4x.25

.4x.25 .4x.25

.4x.25

.6 x.3

.3x.2

.6 x.3

TYPICAL 2ND - 4TH FLR. .4x.25 .4x.25

.4x.25

.6 x.4

.6 x.3

.6x.4

.4x.25

.6 x.3 .6 x.3

.6x.4

.6x.4

.6 x.3 .6x.4

.6 x.3

.6 x.3

.5x.35

.6x.4

.6 x.4

.5x.35

.6 x.3

.6 x.4

.6 x.3

.6 x.3

.5x.35

.6 x.3

.6 x.3

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DEAD LOAD(KN/m)

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6 5.6

16.8

8.4

11.2

11.2

11.2

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.6

8.4

16.8

11.2

5.6

5.6

5.6

16.8

16.8

5.6

5.6

16.8

16.8

11.2

5.6

16.8

11.2

5.6

16.8

5.6

16.8

11.2

16.8

11.2

5.6 15.23

16.8

15.23

5.6

16.8

16.8

8.4 8.4

5.6

11.2

16.8

8.4

11.2

5.6

16.8

5.6

16.8

5.6

5.6 5.6

TYPICAL 2ND - 4TH FLR.

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.4 5.4

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.4 5.4

5.4

10.8

8.1

10.8

8.1

5.4

16.2

5.4

16.2

16.2

10.8

16.2

10.8

16.2

10.8

5.4

16.2

16.2

16.2

10.8

5.4

16.2

10.8

5.4

16.2

16.2

10.8

5.4

16.2

10.8

16.2

10.8

16.2

16.2

5.4

16.2

5.4

16.2

5.4

16.2

8.1

8.1

5.4

5.4 5.4

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LIVE LOAD 3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.4

2.0

2.0

2.0

5.1 5.1

3.4

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0 2.0

6.0

6.0

4.0

6.0

4.0

6.0

4.0

6.0

4.0

6.0

4.0

6.0

6.0

2.0 4.0

2.0

2.0

3.4

5.438

5.438

4.0

2.0

6.0

6.0

2.0

4.0

2.0

6.8

10.2

6.8

10.2

10.2

6.8

10.2

10.2

10.2

10.2

6.8

10.2

10.2

10.2

3.4

2.0

3.4

9.245

9.245

10.2 10.2

6.8

6.0

6.0

6.0

2.0

4.0

2.0

3.4

3.4

TYPICAL 2ND - 4TH FLR.

6.0

3.0

4.0

6.8

3.4

2.0

3.0

2.0

3.4

3.4

3.0

3.4

6.8

3.4

2.0

3.0

3.4

3.4

6.0

3.4

6.8

10.2

5.1

10.2

6.8

3.4

6.0

5.1

6.8

3.4

10.2

3.4

10.2

3.4

2.0 2.0

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UBC 1997 LOAD DEFINITION This feature enables one to generate seismic loads per the UBC 97 specifications using a static equivalent approach.

Description The seismic load generator can be used to generate lateral loads in the X and Z directions only. Y is the direction of gravity loads. This facility has not been developed for cases where the Z axis is set to be the vertical direction using the "SET Z UP" command. There are 2 stages of command specifications for generating lateral loads. This is the first stage and is activated through the DEFINE UBC LOAD command.

General Format

DEFINE UBC (ACCIDENTAL) LOAD ZONE f1 ubc-spec SELFWEIGHT JOINT WEIGHT joint-list WEIGHT w MEMBER WEIGHT mem-list (UNI ...) ubc-spec= { I f2, RWX f3, RWZ f4, STYP f5, NA f6, NV f7 , (CT f8), (PX f9), (PZ f10) } where, f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10

= = = = = = = =

Seismic zone coefficient Importance factor Numerical coefficient R for lateral load in X direction Numerical coefficient R for lateral load in Z direction Soil Profile type Near source factor Na Near source factor Nv Optional CT value to calculate time period based on Method A = Optional Period of structure (in sec.) in X-direction to be used in Method B = Optional Period of structure (in sec.) in Z-direction to be used in Method B

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STEP 1 . Click Command(menu)/Loading/Define Load/ Seismic Load

STEP 2 . Choose type of UBC (1997,1994,IS1893). Fill in the parameters needed then click Save button then Close.

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Concrete Design Specification The concrete design procedure implemented in STAAD consists of the following steps: 1.) Initiating the design. 2.) Specifying parameters. 3.) Specifying design requirements. 4.) Requesting quantity take-off. 5.) Terminating the design.

Design Initiation Purpose This command is used to initiate the concrete design.

General Format

START CONCRETE DESIGN Description This command initiates the concrete design specification. With this, the design parameters are automatically set to the default values. Without this command, none of the following concrete design commands will be recognized.

Notes This command must be present before any concrete design is used.

Concrete Design-Parameter Specification Purpose This set of commands may be used to specify parameters to control the concrete design.

General Format

CODE

ACI / BRITISH / CANADIAN/ FRENCH / GERMAN / INDIA / JAPAN / NORWAY MEMBER memb/elem list

parameter-name f1

(ALL)

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Description Parameter-name described below.

f1 = is the value of the parameter. Note that this value is always input in current units. The UNIT command is also accepted during any phase of concrete design.

Parameter Name

Default Value

Description

FYMAIN

*60,000 psi

Yield strength for main reinforcement steel.

FYSEC

*60,000 psi

Yield strength for secondary steel.

FC

*4,000 psi

Compressive Strength of Concrete

CLT

*1.5 inch

Clear cover for top reinforcement.

CLB

*1.5 inch

Clear cover for bottom reinforcement.

CLS

*1.5 inch

Clear cover for side reinforcement.

MINMAIN**

Number 4 bar

Min. main reinforcement bar size(No. 4 -18)

MINSEC**

Number 4 bar

Min. secondary reinforcement bar size

MAXMAIN**

Number 18 bar

Max. main reinforcement bar size

SFACE

*0.0

Face of support location at start of beam. If specified, the shear force at start is computed at a distance of SFACE+d from the start joint of the member.

EFACE

*0.0

REINF

0.0

Face of support location at end of beam. (Note: Both SFACE & EFACE are input as positive numbers) If specified, the shear force at end is computed at a distance of EFACE+d from the end joint of the member. Tied column. A value of 1 will mean spiral.

MMAG

1.0 A factor by which the column design (for column only) moments will be magnified.

WIDTH

*ZD

Width of concrete member. This value defaults to ZD as provided under MEMBER PROPERTIES

DEPTH

*YD

Depth of concrete member. This value defaults to YD as provided under MEMBER PROPERTIES

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Parameter Name

Default Value

Description

NSECTION

12

Number of equally-spaced sections to be considered in finding critical moments for beam design

TRACK

0.0

BEAM DESIGN: With TRACK set 0.0. Critical Moment will not be printed out with beam design report. A value of 1.0 will mean a print out. A value of 2.0 will print out required steel areas for all intermediate sections specified by NSECTION.

COLUMN DESIGN: TRACK 0.0 prints out detailed design results. TRACK 1.0 prints out column interaction analysis results in addition to TRACK 0.0 output. TRACK 2.0 prints out a schematic interaction diagram and intermediate interaction values in addition to all of above. * These values must be provided in the current unit system being used. ** When using metric units for ACI design, provide values for these parameters in actual 'mm' units instead of the bar number. The following metric bar sizes are available: 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 16 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm 32 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, and 60 mm.

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STEP 1. Click Design tab (page-control menu) / Concrete. STEP 2. Select the Code.

STEP 3. Click Define Parameters... button.

STEP 4. Click the tab what parameter you want to specify.

STEP 5. Click Add button then Close.

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STEP 6. Select the Parameter name from Design window.

STEP 7.Select the members/elements where the parameter is to applied.

STEP 8. Select Assigned to Selected Beam/Plates then click Assign button.

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Concrete Design Command Purpose This command may be used to specify the type of design required. Members may be designed as BEAM, COLUMN or ELEMENT.

General Format

DESIGN

BEAM COLUMN ELEMENT SLAB

memb-list (ALL)

Description Members to be designed must be specified as BEAM, COLUMN or ELEMENT. Note that members, once designed as beam, cannot be redesigned as a column again, or vice versa.

STEP 1. Click Design tab (page-control menu) / Concrete. STEP 2. Click Command... button from Design window.

STEP 3. Click the tab what command you want to apply then Add button.

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STEP 4. Click Design command from design window.

STEP 5. Select the member/beam/plate.

Note: Press Ctrl key while selecting members to add more members. STEP 6. Select Assign to Selected Beams then click Assign button.

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Concrete Take Off Command Purpose This command may be used to obtain an estimate of the total volume of the concrete, reinforcement bars used and their respective weights.

General Format

CONCRETE TAKE OFF Sample *********** CONCRETE TAKE OFF *********** (FOR BEAMS AND COLUMNS DESIGNED ABOVE) TOTAL VOLUME OF CONCRETE

=

87.50 CU. FT.

BAR SIZE WEIGHT NUMBER (in lbs) ----------------------4 805.03 6 91.60 8 1137.60 9 653.84 11 818.67 ------------*** TOTAL = 3506.74

STEP 1. Click Design tab (page-control menu) / Concrete. STEP 2. Click Command... button from Design window.

STEP 3. Click Take Off tab then click Add.

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Concrete Design Terminator Purpose This command must be used to terminate the concrete design.

General Format

END CONCRETE DESIGN Description This command terminates the concrete design, after which normal STAAD commands resume.

Sample:

START CONCRETE DESIGN CODE ACI FYMAIN 40.0 ALL FC 3.0 ALL DESIGN BEAM 1 TO 4 7 DESIGN COLUMN 9 12 TO 16 DESIGN ELEMENT 20 TO 30 END

Notes Without this command, further STAAD commands will not be recognized

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Footing Design Specification Purpose This set of commands may be used to specify footing design requirements.

Description This facility may be used to design isolate footins for user specified support joints. Once the support is specified , the program automatically identifies the support reaction(s) associated with the joint. All active load cases are checked and design is performed for the support reaction(s) that rquires the maximum footing size. Parameters are available to control the design. Dowel bars and development lengths are also calculated and included in the design output.

Design Considerations The STAAD isolated footing design is based on the following considerations.

of

1) The design reaction load may include concentrated load and biaxial moments. 2) The vertical reaction load is increased by 10% to account for the selfweight the footing. 3) Footing slab size is rectangular. The user through a parameter may control the ratio between the length and the width of the slab. 4) Optional pedestal design is available. 5) Footing cannot be designed at supports where the reaction causes uplift on the footings. 6) This facility is currently available for the American code only.

Design Considerations The following sequential design procedure is followed: 1) Footing size is calculated on the basis of the load directly available from the analysis results (support reactions) and user specified Allowable Soil Pressure. No factor is used on the support reactions. 2) The footing size obtained from 1) and the FACTORED LOAD is utilized to calculate soil reactions FACTORED LOAD = ACTUAL REACTION X Parameter FFAC Note that the user may provide a desired value for parameter FFAC 3) Footing depth and reinforcement details are based on soil reactions calculated per 2) above. 4) Dowel bar requirements and development lenght are calculated and reported in the output.

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Following parameters are available for footing design.

Design Parameters Parameter Name

Default Value

Description

FY

60,000 psi

Yield strength for reinforcement steel.

FC

3,000 psi

Compressive Strength of Concrete

CLEAR

3.0 inch

Clear cover for slab reinforcement

REINF FFAC

Number 9 bar 1.0

BC

3000 psf

Main reinforcement bar size for slab design Load factor for concrete design Soil bearing capacity

RATIO

1.0

Ration between slab sides

TRACK

1.0

1.0 = only numerical output is provided 2.0 = numerical output and sketch provided

DEPTH

Calculated by the The min. depth of the footing base slab. program Program changes this value if required for design.

S1, S2

Calculated by the Size of the footing base slab - S1 and S2 correspond to column sides YD and ZD program respectively. Either S1 and S2 or both can be specified. If one is provided, the other will be calculated based on RATIO. If both are provided, RATIO will be ignored

EMBEDMENT 0.0

The depth of the footing base from the support point of the column.

PEDESTAL

0.0 = no pedestal design 1.0 = pedestal design with program calculating pedestal dimensions X1 X2 - pedestal desigh with user provided pedestal dimensions. X1 and X2 are pedestal dimensions corresponding to slab sides S1 and S2 respectively.

0.0

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Design Initiation Purpose This command may be used to initiate the footing design.

General Format

START FOOTING DESIGN Description This command initiates the footing design specifications. Without this command, no further footing design command will be recognized.

Notes No footing design specification will be processed without this command.

Footing Design Parameter Specification Purpose This command is used to specify parameters that may be used to control the footing design.

General Format

AMERICAN BRITISH CANADIAN FRENCH GERMAN INDIA JAPAN NORWAY

CODE

JOINT joint-list parameter-name f1

(ALL)

Description f1 is the value of the parameter. Notes

Note that this value should be in the current units. The UNIT command is also accepted during any phase of footing design.

No footing design specification will be processed without this command.

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Footing Design Command Purpose This command must be used to execute the footing design. General Format

DESIGN FOOTING

joint-list (ALL)

Description This command may be used to specify the joints for which the footing designs are required.

Notes The output of this command may be controlled by the TRACK parameter. If TRACK is set to the default value of 1.0, only numerical output will be provided. If TRACK is set to 2.0, graphical output will be provided in addition.

Footing Design Terminator Purpose This command must be used to terminate the footing design. General Format

END FOOTING DESIGN Description This command terminates the footing design.

Notes If the footing desing is not terminated, no further STAAD command will be recognized.

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STEP 1. Click Design tab (page-control menu) / Footing. STEP 2. Click Define Parameter.. button to define specify parameter.

STEP 3. Select the parameter name and define the value.

STEP 4. Click Add after specifying each parameter. Click Close to quit from this command.

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Sample Input file (Reinforced Concrete) STAAD SPACE 4-STOREY COMMERCIAL BUILDING INPUT WIDTH 72 UNIT METER KNS JOINT COORDINATES 1 0. 4. 0.; 2 30. 4. 0.; 3 6. 4. 0.; 4 12. 4. 0.; 5 18. 4. 0. 6 24. 4. 0.; 7 0. 4. 7.5; 8 30. 4. 7.5; 9 6. 4. 7.5; 10 12. 4. 7.5 11 18. 4. 7.5; 12 24. 4. 7.5; 13 0. 4. 15.; 14 30. 4. 15.; 15 6. 4. 15. 16 12. 4. 15.; 17 18. 4. 15.; 18 24. 4. 15.; 19 0. 4. 17. 20 30. 4. 17.; 21 6. 4. 17.; 22 12. 4. 17.; 23 18. 4. 17. 24 24. 4. 17.; 25 14.5 4. 0.; 26 12. 4. 4.5; 27 14.5 4. 7.5 28 14.5 4. 4.5; 29 0. 0. 0.; 30 0. 0. 7.5; 31 0. 0. 15.; 32 6. 0. 0. 33 6. 0. 7.5; 34 6. 0. 15.; 35 12. 0. 0.; 36 12. 0. 7.5; 37 12. 0. 15. 38 18. 0. 0.; 39 18. 0. 7.5; 40 18. 0. 15.; 41 24. 0. 0.; 42 24. 0. 7.5 43 24. 0. 15.; 44 30. 0. 0.; 45 30. 0. 7.5; 46 30. 0. 15.; 47 0. 7. 0. 48 30. 7. 0.; 49 6. 7. 0.; 50 12. 7. 0.; 51 18. 7. 0.; 52 24. 7. 0. 53 0. 7. 7.5; 54 30. 7. 7.5; 55 6. 7. 7.5; 56 12. 7. 7.5; 57 18. 7. 7.5 58 24. 7. 7.5; 59 0. 7. 15.; 60 30. 7. 15.; 61 6. 7. 15.; 62 12. 7. 15. 63 18. 7. 15.; 64 24. 7. 15.; 65 0. 7. 17.; 66 30. 7. 17.; 67 6. 7. 17. 68 12. 7. 17.; 69 18. 7. 17.; 70 24. 7. 17.; 71 14.5 7. 0. 72 12. 7. 4.5; 73 14.5 7. 7.5; 74 14.5 7. 4.5; 75 0. 10. 0. 76 30. 10. 0.; 77 6. 10. 0.; 78 12. 10. 0.; 79 18. 10. 0. 80 24. 10. 0.; 81 0. 10. 7.5; 82 30. 10. 7.5; 83 6. 10. 7.5 84 12. 10. 7.5; 85 18. 10. 7.5; 86 24. 10. 7.5; 87 0. 10. 15. 88 30. 10. 15.; 89 6. 10. 15.; 90 12. 10. 15.; 91 18. 10. 15. 92 24. 10. 15.; 93 0. 10. 17.; 94 30. 10. 17.; 95 6. 10. 17. 96 12. 10. 17.; 97 18. 10. 17.; 98 24. 10. 17.; 99 14.5 10. 0. 100 12. 10. 4.5; 101 14.5 10. 7.5; 102 14.5 10. 4.5; 103 0. 13. 0. 104 30. 13. 0.; 105 6. 13. 0.; 106 12. 13. 0.; 107 18. 13. 0. 108 24. 13. 0.; 109 0. 13. 7.5; 110 30. 13. 7.5; 111 6. 13. 7.5 112 12. 13. 7.5; 113 18. 13. 7.5; 114 24. 13. 7.5; 115 0. 13. 15. 116 30. 13. 15.; 117 6. 13. 15.; 118 12. 13. 15.; 119 18. 13. 15. 120 24. 13. 15.; 121 0. 13. 17.; 122 30. 13. 17.; 123 6. 13. 17. 124 12. 13. 17.; 125 18. 13. 17.; 126 24. 13. 17. MEMBER INCIDENCES 1 1 3; 2 3 4; 3 4 25; 4 5 6; 5 6 2; 6 7 9; 7 9 10; 8 10 27; 9 11 12 10 12 8; 11 13 15; 12 15 16; 13 16 17; 14 17 18; 15 18 14; 16 19 21 17 21 22; 18 22 23; 19 23 24; 20 24 20; 21 1 7; 22 7 13; 23 13 19 24 3 9; 25 9 15; 26 15 21; 27 4 26; 28 10 16; 29 16 22; 30 5 11 31 11 17; 32 17 23; 33 6 12; 34 12 18; 35 18 24; 36 2 8; 37 8 14 38 14 20; 39 25 5; 40 26 10; 41 27 11; 42 25 27; 43 26 28; 44 1 29 45 7 30; 46 13 31; 47 3 32; 48 9 33; 49 15 34; 50 4 35; 51 10 36 52 16 37; 53 5 38; 54 11 39; 55 17 40; 56 6 41; 57 12 42; 58 18 43 59 2 44; 60 8 45; 61 14 46; 78 47 49; 79 49 50; 80 50 71; 81 51 52 82 52 48; 83 53 55; 84 55 56; 85 56 73; 86 57 58; 87 58 54; 88 59 61 89 61 62; 90 62 63; 91 63 64; 92 64 60; 93 65 67; 94 67 68; 95 68 69 96 69 70; 97 70 66; 98 47 53; 99 53 59; 100 59 65; 101 49 55; 102 55 61 103 61 67; 104 50 72; 105 56 62; 106 62 68; 107 51 57; 108 57 63 109 63 69; 110 52 58; 111 58 64; 112 64 70; 113 48 54; 114 54 60 115 60 66; 116 71 51; 117 72 56; 118 73 57; 119 71 73; 120 72 74 121 47 1; 122 53 7; 123 59 13; 124 49 3; 125 55 9; 126 61 15; 127 50 4 128 56 10; 129 62 16; 130 51 5; 131 57 11; 132 63 17; 133 52 6 134 58 12; 135 64 18; 136 48 2; 137 54 8; 138 60 14; 155 75 77 156 77 78; 157 78 99; 158 79 80; 159 80 76; 160 81 83; 161 83 84 162 84 101; 163 85 86; 164 86 82; 165 87 89; 166 89 90; 167 90 91 168 91 92; 169 92 88; 170 93 95; 171 95 96; 172 96 97; 173 97 98 174 98 94; 175 75 81; 176 81 87; 177 87 93; 178 77 83; 179 83 89 180 89 95; 181 78 100; 182 84 90; 183 90 96; 184 79 85; 185 85 91 186 91 97; 187 80 86; 188 86 92; 189 92 98; 190 76 82; 191 82 88 192 88 94; 193 99 79; 194 100 84; 195 101 85; 196 99 101; 197 100 102 198 75 47; 199 81 53; 200 87 59; 201 77 49; 202 83 55; 203 89 61 204 78 50; 205 84 56; 206 90 62; 207 79 51; 208 85 57; 209 91 63 210 80 52; 211 86 58; 212 92 64; 213 76 48; 214 82 54; 215 88 60 232 103 105; 233 105 106; 235 107 108; 236 108 104; 237 109 111 238 111 112; 240 113 114; 241 114 110; 242 115 117; 243 117 118 244 118 119; 245 119 120; 246 120 116; 247 121 123; 248 123 124 249 124 125; 250 125 126; 251 126 122; 252 103 109; 253 109 115 254 115 121; 255 105 111; 256 111 117; 257 117 123; 259 112 118

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260 118 124; 261 107 113; 262 113 119; 263 119 125; 264 108 114 265 114 120; 266 120 126; 267 104 110; 268 110 116; 269 116 122 275 103 75; 276 109 81; 277 115 87; 278 105 77; 279 111 83; 280 117 89 281 106 78; 282 112 84; 283 118 90; 284 107 79; 285 113 85; 286 119 91 287 108 80; 288 114 86; 289 120 92; 290 104 76; 291 110 82; 292 116 88 308 106 112; 309 112 113; 310 106 107 ELEMENT INCIDENCES 62 9 7 13 15; 63 15 13 19 21; 64 10 9 15 16; 65 16 15 21 22 66 11 10 16 17; 67 17 16 22 23; 68 12 11 17 18; 69 18 17 23 24 70 8 12 18 14; 71 14 18 24 20; 72 3 1 7 9; 73 4 3 9 10; 74 6 5 11 12 75 2 6 12 8; 76 4 26 28 25; 77 25 27 11 5; 139 55 53 59 61 140 61 59 65 67; 141 56 55 61 62; 142 62 61 67 68; 143 57 56 62 63 144 63 62 68 69; 145 58 57 63 64; 146 64 63 69 70; 147 54 58 64 60 148 60 64 70 66; 149 49 47 53 55; 150 50 49 55 56; 151 52 51 57 58 152 48 52 58 54; 153 50 72 74 71; 154 71 73 57 51; 216 83 81 87 89 217 89 87 93 95; 218 84 83 89 90; 219 90 89 95 96; 220 85 84 90 91 221 91 90 96 97; 222 86 85 91 92; 223 92 91 97 98; 224 82 86 92 88 225 88 92 98 94; 226 77 75 81 83; 227 78 77 83 84; 228 80 79 85 86 229 76 80 86 82; 230 78 100 102 99; 231 99 101 85 79 293 111 109 115 117; 294 117 115 121 123; 295 112 111 117 118 296 118 117 123 124; 297 113 112 118 119; 298 119 118 124 125 299 114 113 119 120; 300 120 119 125 126; 301 110 114 120 116 302 116 120 126 122; 303 105 103 109 111; 304 106 105 111 112 305 108 107 113 114; 306 104 108 114 110; 307 107 106 112 113 START GROUP DEFINITION _B-1 43 120 197 _B-2 42 119 196 _B-3 16 20 93 97 170 174 _B-4 17 19 94 96 171 173 _B-5 18 95 172 _B-6 1 5 78 82 155 159 _B-7 2 4 79 81 156 158 _B-8 3 39 80 116 157 193 _B-9 6 10 83 87 160 164 _B-10 7 9 84 86 161 163 _B-11 8 41 85 118 162 195 _B-12 11 15 88 92 165 169 _B-13 12 14 89 91 166 168 _B-14 13 90 167 _B-15 22 37 99 114 176 191 _B-16 21 36 98 113 175 190 _B-17 25 34 102 111 179 188 _B-18 24 33 101 110 178 187 _B-19 28 31 105 108 182 185 _B-20 27 30 40 104 107 117 181 184 194 _CB-1 23 38 100 115 177 192 _CB-2 26 35 103 112 180 189 _CB-3 29 32 106 109 183 186 _RB-1 247 251 _RB-2 248 250 _RB-3 249 _RB-4 232 236 _RB-5 233 235 _RB-6 310 _RB-7 237 241 _RB-8 238 240 _RB-9 309 _RB-10 242 246 _RB-11 243 245 _RB-12 244 _RB-13 253 268 _RB-14 252 267 _RB-15 256 259 262 265 _RB-16 255 261 264 308 _RCB1 254 269 _RCB2 257 260 263 266 END

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MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN _B-1 PRI YD .3 ZD .15 _B-2 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _B-3 PRI YD .4 ZD .2 _B-4 PRI YD .4 ZD .2 _B-5 PRI YD .4 ZD .2 _B-6 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-7 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-8 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-9 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-10 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-11 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-12 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-13 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-14 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _B-15 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _B-16 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _B-17 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _B-18 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _B-19 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _B-20 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _CB-1 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _CB-2 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _CB-3 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _RB-1 PRI YD .4 ZD .2 _RB-2 PRI YD .4 ZD .2 _RB-3 PRI YD .4 ZD .2 _RB-4 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-5 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-6 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-7 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-8 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-9 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-10 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-11 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-12 PRI YD .55 ZD .3 _RB-13 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _RB-14 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _RB-15 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _RB-16 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _RCB1 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 _RCB2 PRI YD .5 ZD .25 44 TO 61 121 TO 138 198 TO 215 275 TO 292 PRI YD .45 ZD .45 ELEMENT PROPERTY 62 TO 77 139 TO 154 216 TO 231 293 TO 307 THICKNESS .15 CONSTANT E CONCRETE ALL DENSITY CONCRETE ALL POISSON CONCRETE ALL SUPPORT 29 TO 46 FIXED DEFINE UBC ACCIDENTAL LOAD ZONE .4 I 1.25 RWX 10. RWZ 10. S 1.5 SELFWEIGHT MEMBER WEIGHT 78 TO 82 116 155 TO 159 193 UNI 10.3 83 TO 87 118 160 TO 164 195 UNI 15.3 88 TO 92 165 TO 169 UNI 7.5 98 99 113 114 175 176 190 191 UNI 11. 101 102 104 105 107 108 110 111 117 178 179 181 182 184 185 187 188 194 UNI 16.7 100 103 106 109 112 115 177 180 183 186 189 192 UNI 5.3 232 233 235 236 310 UNI 8. 237 238 240 241 309 UNI 11.7 242 TO 246 UNI 7.2 247 TO 251 UNI 5.6 252 253 267 268 UNI 8.6 255 256 259 261 262 264 265 308 UNI 12.9 254 269 UNI 3.2 257 260 263 266 UNI 2.1 1 TO 5 39 UNI 11.3 6 TO 10 41 UNI 16.3 11 TO 15 UNI 7.5

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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16 TO 20 UNI 8.8 21 22 36 37 UNI 12. 24 25 27 28 30 31 33 34 40 UNI 17.7 23 26 29 32 35 38 UNI 6.3 LOAD 1 UBC ALONG X DIRECTION UBC LOAD X 1. LOAD 2 UBC ALONG Z DIRECTION UBC LOAD Z 1. LOAD 3 DEAD LOAD SELFWEIGHT Y -1. MEMBER LOAD 78 TO 82 116 155 TO 159 193 UNI GY -10.3 83 TO 87 118 160 TO 164 195 UNI GY -15.3 88 TO 92 165 TO 169 UNI GY -7.5 98 99 113 114 175 176 190 191 UNI GY -11. 101 102 104 105 107 108 110 111 117 178 179 181 182 184 185 187 188 194 UNI GY -16.7 100 103 106 109 112 115 177 180 183 186 189 192 UNI GY -5.3 232 233 235 236 310 UNI GY -8. 237 238 240 241 309 UNI GY -11.7 242 TO 246 UNI GY -7.2 247 TO 251 UNI GY -5.6 252 253 267 268 UNI GY -8.6 255 256 259 261 262 264 265 308 UNI GY -12.9 254 269 UNI GY -3.2 257 260 263 266 UNI GY -2.1 1 TO 5 39 UNI GY -11.3 6 TO 10 41 UNI GY -16.3 11 TO 15 UNI GY -7.5 16 TO 20 UNI GY -8.8 21 22 36 37 UNI GY -12. 24 25 27 28 30 31 33 34 40 UNI GY -17.7 23 26 29 32 35 38 UNI GY -6.3 LOAD 4 LIVE LOAD FLOOR LOAD YR 4. 4. FLOAD -2.4 XR 0. 12. ZR 0. 7.5 YR 4. 4. FLOAD -4.8 XR 12. 14.5 ZR 0. 4.5 YR 4. 4. FLOAD -2.4 XR 18. 30. ZR 0. 7.5 YR 4. 4. FLOAD -4.8 XR 0. 30. ZR 7.5 9.5 YR 4. 4. FLOAD -2.4 XR 0. 30. ZR 9.5 15. YR 7. 7. FLOAD -2.4 XR 0. 12. ZR 0. 7.5 YR 7. 7. FLOAD -4.8 XR 12. 14.5 ZR 0. 4.5 YR 7. 7. FLOAD -2.4 XR 18. 30. ZR 0. 7.5 YR 7. 7. FLOAD -4.8 XR 0. 30. ZR 7.5 9.5 YR 7. 7. FLOAD -2.4 XR 0. 30. ZR 9.5 15. YR 10. 10. FLOAD -2.4 XR 0. 12. ZR 0. 7.5 YR 10. 10. FLOAD -4.8 XR 12. 14.5 ZR 0. 4.5 YR 10. 10. FLOAD -2.4 XR 18. 30. ZR 0. 7.5 YR 10. 10. FLOAD -4.8 XR 0. 30. ZR 7.5 9.5 YR 10. 10. FLOAD -2.4 XR 0. 30. ZR 9.5 15. YR 13. 13. FLOAD -2. XR 0. 30. ZR 0. 15. AREA LOAD 30 42 107 119 184 196 ALOAD -4.8 11 TO 20 88 TO 97 165 TO 174 ALOAD -2.4 242 TO 251 ALOAD -2. LOAD COMB 5 1.4DL + 1.7LL 3 1.4 4 1.7 LOAD COMB 6 .75( 1.4DL + 1.7LL + 1.87UBCX) 1 1.402 3 1.05 4 1.275 LOAD COMB 7 .9DL + 1.43UBCX 1 1.43 3 .9 LOAD COMB 8 .75( 1.4DL + 1.7LL + 1.87UBCZ) 2 1.402 3 1.05 4 1.275 LOAD COMB 9 .9DL + 1.43UBCZ 2 1.43 3 .9

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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PERFORM ANALYSIS LOAD LIST 5 TO 9 START CONCRETE DESIGN CODE ACI FYMAIN 2.76E5 ALL FYSEC 2.76E5 MEMB 1 TO 61 78 TO 138 155 TO 215 232 233 235 TO 238 240 TO 257 259 TO 269 275 TO 292 308 TO 310 FC 27600. ALL MINMAIN 25. MEMB 1 TO 61 78 TO 138 155 TO 215 232 233 235 TO 238 240 TO 257 259 TO 269 275 TO 292 308 TO 310 MAXMAIN 25. MEMB 1 TO 61 78 TO 138 155 TO 215 232 233 235 TO 238 240 TO 257 259 TO 269 275 TO 292 308 TO 310 DESIGN BEAM 1 TO 43 78 TO 120 155 TO 197 232 233 235 TO 238 240 TO 257 259 TO 269 308 TO 310 DESIGN COLUMN 21 TO 38 40 44 TO 61 98 TO 115 117 121 TO 138 175 TO 192 194 198 TO 215 252 TO 257 259 TO 269 275 TO 292 308 DESIGN ELEMENT 62 TO 77 139 TO 154 216 TO 231 293 TO 307 CONCRETE TAKE OFF END CONCRETE DESIGN PRINT SUPPORT REACTIONS FINISH

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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Description of Output for Beam Design 1) LEVEL

Serial number of bar level which may contain one or more bar group

2) HEIGHT

Height of bar level from the bottom of the beam.

3) BAR INFO 4) FROM 5) TO

Reinforcement bar information specifying number of bars and bar size Distance from the start of the beam to the start of the reinforce ment bar Distance from the start of the beam to th end of the reinforcement bar

6) ANCHORStates whether anchorage either a hook or continuation, is needed (STA/END) at start (STA) or at the end. 7) ROW

Actually required flexural reinforcement (As/bd) where b=width of cross section (ZD for rectangular and square section) and d=effective depth of cross section (YD - distance from extreme tension fiber to the c.g. of main reinforcement) 8) ROWMN Mininum required flexural reinforcement (Amin/bd) 9) ROWMX Maximum allowable flexural reinforcement (Amax/bd) 10) SPACING Distance between centers of adjacent hars for main reinforcement 11) Vu Factored shear force at section 12) Vc Nominal shear strength provided by concrete 13) Vs Nominal shear strength provided by shear reinforcement 14) Tu Factored torsional moment at section 15) Tc Nominal torsional moment strength provided by concrete 16) Ts Nominal torsional moment strength provided by torsion reinforcement

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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Sample Print of Analysis(Beam Design)

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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Description of Output for Column Design The column interaction values may be obtained by using the design parameter TRACK 1.0 or TRACK 2.0 for the column member. If a value of 2.0 is used for TRACK parameter, 12 different Pn-Mn pairs, each representing a different point on the Pn-Mn curve are printed. Each of these points represents one of the several Pn-Mn combinations that this column is capable of carrying about the given axis, for the actual reinforcement that the column has been design for. In case the circular columnsm, the values are for any of the radial axes. The values printed for the TRACK 1.0 output are:

1) PO

Maximum purely axial load carrying capacity of the column(zero moment)

2) Pnmax

Maximum allowable axial load on the column

3) P-bal

Axial load capacity at balanced strain condition

4) M-bal

Uniaxial moment capacity at balanced strain condition

5) e-bal

M-bal / P-bal = Eccentricity at balanced strain condition

6) P-tens

Maximum permissible tensile load on the column

7) Des.Pn

Pu /PHI where PHI is the Strength Reduction Factor and Pu is the axial load for the critical load case.

8) Des.Mn

Mu*MMAG/PHI where PHI is the Strength Reduction Factor and Mu is the bending moment for the appropriate axis for the critical load case. For circular columns, Mu = e M2uy + M2uz

9) e/h

(Mn/Pn)/h where h is the length of the column

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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Sample Print Analysis of Column Design

Using Graphical User Interface

Note: Just double click the member and the dialog box will appear similar as shown above.

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

Page 149

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Sample Print Analysis of Footing Design

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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The STAAD/Pro Toolbars File Toolbar Save

Copy

Cut Paste

Close Structure

Undo

STAAD Output

Open Structure STARDYNE Output

New Structure

STAAD Editor

Toolbar icon

Function

Corresponding Menu/Page option

New Structure

Opens a new structure file

File | New

Open Structure

Opens an existing structure file

File | Open

Close Structure

Closes the current structure file

File | Close

Save

Saves the current structure file

File | Save

Copy

Copy selected objects to the clipboard

Edit | Copy

Cut

Cut(delete and copy) selected objects to the clipboard

Edit | Cut

Paste

Paste objects from the clipboard

Edit | Paste

Undo STAAD Editor

Undo the last action Opens the STAAD Editor with the current Command File View STAAD Output File

Edit | Undo Edit | Edit Command File

View STARDYNE Output File

File | View | Output File | STARDYNE Output

STAAD Output STARDYNE Output

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

File | View | Output File | STAAD Output

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Print Toolbar

Take Picture

Print Report

Print Current View

Print Preview

Print Preview Current View

Print

Toolbar icon

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Function

Print

Prints the current report created using the Report Setup option

File | Print | Report

Print Preview

Previews the current report created using the Report Setup option

File | Print | Preview Report

Report Setup

Offers facilities to set up the contents of customized report

File | Report Setup

Take Picture

Takes picture of the current graphics window. The picture may be included later in the customized reports

Edit | Take Picture

Print Current View To print the current view of the structure Print Current

Rotate Toolbar

To print the current preview of the structure

Isometric View

Rotate Up Rotate Down

Plan View

Rotate Left

Side View

Front View

Rotate Left

Toolbar icon

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Function

Front View Side View Plan View Isometric View

Displays the structure in corresponding view.

View | Orientation

Rotate Up Rotate Down Rotate Left Rotate Right

Rotates the relative position of the eye with respect to the structure. Using arrow keys in the keyboard has the same effect

View | Orientation, menu option allows to specicy the relative position of eye w/ respect to the structure

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

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View Toolbar Zoom Factor

Zoom Out

Zoom Previous

Zoom In

Zoom Window

Zoom All

Active Load

Dynamic Zoom

Pan

Toolbar icon

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Function

Dynamic Zoom

Zooms in the selected portion of the structure in a new view window.

View | Zoom | Dynamic Zoom

Zoom All

Displays the entire structure within the bounds of the viewing area.

View | Zoom | Zoom All View | Zoom | Zoom In

Zoom Out

Zooms in the structure by a fixed percentage. Zooms out of the structure by a fixed percentage.

Zoom Factor

Zooms in or out of the structure by specifying a magnification factor

View | Zoom | Zoom Factor

Zoom Window

Zooms in the selected portion of the structure in the current view window

View | Zoom | Zoom Window

Pan

Moves the structure in the current view

View | Pan

Active Load

Scrollbox for selecting the active loadcase for which results are displayed

Results | Select Load Case

Zoom In

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

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View | Zoom | Zoom Out

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Structure Toolbar Symbols & Labels

Loads

Cut Section

Dimension Info

Input Units

Scale

Tables Toolbar icon

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Function

Tables

Allows user to select which tables appear on screen

View | Tables

Input Units

Sets the Units of length and force

Tools | Set Current Unit

Cut Section

Cuts cross-section of the structure

Tools | Cut Section

Symbols & Labels

Turns on/off display of Beam/Node Labels, Support icons, etc.

View | Customize View, Label tab

Load

Switches to the General | Load Page

General | Load Page

Dimension

Displays dimension of the members in the structure

Tools | Dimension

Displays general information about the structure

Setup | Job Page, More button

Adjusts scales for different items such as Displacement, Loads, etc.

View | Customize View, Scales tab

Info Scale

Post Processing

Mode Toolbar

Piping

Modelling

Toolbar icon

Page Control

Function

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Modelling

Switches to Modelling Mode

Mode | Modeling

Post Processing

Switches to Post-Processing Mode

Mode | Post Modeling

Piping

Switches to Piping Mode

Mode | Piping

Page Control

Turns Page Control on/off

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

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Mode | Page Control

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Results Toolbar

Bending Z Moment Beam Stress

Bending Y Moment

Plate Stress

Torsion Shear Z Force

Solid Stress Deflection

Shear Y Force

Mode Shape Results Shape

Axial Force

Animate Toolbar icon Axial Force

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Function Displays Axial Force diagrams on the structure

View | Customize View, Loads and Results tab

Shear Y Force

Displays Shear Force Y diagrams on the View | Customize View, Loads structure and Results tab

Shear Z Force

Displays Shear Force Z diagrams on the View | Customize View, Loads structure and Results tab View | Customize View, Loads Displays Torsion diagrams on the and Results tab structure

Torsion

View | Customize View, Loads Bending Y Moment Displays Bending Moment Y diagrams and Results tab on the structure Bending Z Moment Displays Bending Moment Z diagrams Results | Bending Moment on the structure Displays Beam Stresses diagram on the Beam Stress Results | Beam Stress structure Plate Stress

Displays Plate Stress contours on the structure

Solid Stress

Displays Solid Stress contours on the structure

Results | Solid Stress Contour

Deflection

Results | Deflection

Mode Shapes

Displays the Deflected Shape on the structure Displays Mode Shapes on the structure

Animate

Animates the Deflection or Mode Shapes

Results | Animation

Results Setup

Brings up the Results Setup dialog box for changing Load Case, Range, etc., for viewing output

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Results | Plate Stress Contour

Results | Mode Shape Displacement

None

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Selection Toolbar

Plates Cursor Solid Cursor

Beams Cursor

Node Cursor

Geometry Cursor

Toolbar icon

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Function

Nodes Cursor

Allows nodes to be selected

Select | Nodes Cursor

Beam Cursor

Allows beams to be selected

Select | Beams Cursor

Plates Cursor

Allows plates to be selected

Select | Plates Cursor

Solid Cursor

Allows solids to be selected

Select | Solid Cursor

Geometry Cursor

Select | Geometry Cursor

Allows any geometry to be selected

Geometry Toolbar Add Solids

Add 4-Noded Plates

Snap Node / Beam Add 3-Noded Plates Insert Node Add Beams

Snap Node / Plate

Toolbar icon Add Beams Add 3-Noded Plates Add 4-Noded Plates Add Solids

Function Allows beams to be added between existing nodes Allows triangular plates to be added between existing nodes Allows quadrilateral plates to be added between existing nodes Allows solid to be added between existing nodes

Corresponding Menu/Page option Geometry | Add Beam Geometry | Add Plate | Triangle Geometry | Add Plate | Quad Geometry | Add Solid

Snap Node / Beam

Allows beams to be created by snapping node-to-node

Geometry | Snap Grid/Node | Beam

Snap Node / Plate

Allows plates to be created by snapping node-to-node

Geometry | Snap Grid/Node | Plate

Insert Node

Inserts a node into a beam/plate/solid

Geometry | Insert Node

MICROCADD Technologies Co.

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Generate Toolbar Mirror

Circular Repeat

Move Selection

Translational Repeat

Toolbar icon

Corresponding Menu/Page option

Function

Translational Repeat

Copies (or repeats) selected portions of the structure a specified number of times at specified linear displacements

Geometry | Translational Repeat

Circular Repeat

Copies (or repeats) selected portions of the structure a specified number of times at specified circular displacements

Geometry | Circular Repeat

Mirror

Mirrors selected portions of the structure about a given axis

Geometry | Mirror

Moves selected members a specified distance

Geometry | Move

Structure Tools Toolbar Support Page

Specification Page Load Page

Property Page

Toolbar icon Property Page

Function Brings up the General | Property Page

Corresponding Menu/Page option General | Property

Support Page

Brings up the General | Support Page

General | Support

Specification Page

Brings up the General | Spec Page

General | Spec

Load Page

Brings up the General | Load Page

General |Load

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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EDP

Electronic Data Processing (EDP) Hardware Software Peopleware

-

refers to the computer itself and peripherals refers to program and data refers to the user / operator

COMPUTER HARDWARE (Parts and History) A. Systems Unit A box shape part of computer containing the computer’s CPU (Central Processing Unit), motherboard, interface cards, simm rams, data storage device & drives. The most popular models is Pentium III. The PC AT's were obsolete models and were popular day the 80's.

Development of IBM-PC / compatible computers

IBM/PC or PC compatible.

I. 80286 model - a clone of IBM's AT which was based on Inte 80286 microprocessor and can address 16 MB of memory, but it was always operated with PC or MS DOS (obsolete). II.80386 Model - a computer built around a 80386 microprocessor. It uses the same bus (internal communications system) as an 80286 machine. An 80386 CPU, due to hardware design, limits physical memory to 16 MB. Intel Micro-processor

a. 80386-Sx b. 80386-Dx III. 80486 model - a computer built around an 80486 microprocessor. Data transfer was 32 bits per cycle, it had a built-in math-coprocessor and can accomodate 8MB cache. An 80486 can address 64 MB of physical memory (obsolete). a 80486 Dlc no math-co b. 80486-Sx no math-co c. 80486-Dx built-in math-co d. 80486-Dx2 built-in math-co IV Pentium 450 MHZ to 1 GHz, latest PIII has 512k 2 level cache. It has an Intel speed step technology. which allows faster internet communication & amazing 3D display & animation.The PIII -1GHz is equipped with an advance 0.18 micron processor.

Main processor

Expansion slots for I/O devices

CPU clock

Memory Cache SIMM RAMS

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B. Input Devices 1. KEYBOARD - It is a primary input device for every computer. Used for entering commands and texts, although this medium of data entry is limiting to a non typist user. 2. MICE - small square devices with a cord connecting to the computer which use the table top to point to various objects and menus on the screen. They are functional for computer-aided design, free-form drawing, setting margins and tabs in word processing.

Track ball

mouse

3. DIGITIZER- Tablets used in combination w/ a puck, light pen or stylus. Great for computer-aided design and engineering.

Cursor (puck)

Digitizer with stylus pen and cursor (puck)

Stylus pen

4. JOYSTICK - Popular for playing computer games. It can be moved in several directions. 5. TOUCH SCREENS - Works by merely pointing your finger at something on the screen. They work well for pictorial images, but not for text. 6. LIGHTPENS- Pen shaped devices used to point objects & menus on screen. Used in CAD systems. 7. TOUCHPADS - Most common device in a laptop PC computers. It can be also seen in commercial uses like in automatic banking machines, appliances, and as key replacement for traditional cash register keys. 8. BARCODE SCANNERS - used to scan UPC codes to enter and automatically print out item names & prices. They can also be used for inventory tracking systems and for education. 9. SCANNERS - Digitize image(photograph) into a bitmap file. For full bed scanner converting drawings into raster file. Scanners come in different sizes, from a hand scanner to an E-size equipment. Raster file from scanned manually drafted drawings must converted into a vector file (using software like Draftsman) to be accepted within a CAD program. 10. VOICE INPUT -Works for a single user systems, and for applications with a limited vocabulary.

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C. Output Devices 1. MONITORS 9" to 21" size, considerations when buying a monitor are resolution, dot pitch, plug & play capability & manufacrurer.

Development of Display Adapters: -MDA, Monochrome Display Adapter - introduced in 1981, IBM’s origi nal display standard offering 720 x 348 at 18.1 KHz with one color. It was a text based video standard and not designed to generate graphics. (obsolete) -CGA, Color Graphics Adapter - Also introduced in 1981, it was the simplest and first color video standard available. It offered a resolution of 640 x 200 (monochrome) and 320 x 240 (color graphics) at 15.75 KHz. (obsolete) -Hercules Graphics Adapter - monochrome video standard, similar to IBM’s MDA; however, it was designed to display graphics at a resolution of 720 x 348 with a horizontal scan rate of 18.43. It was introduced in 1982. (obsolete) -PGA, Professional Graphics Adapter - first attempt of high resolution graphics. It offered 840 x 350 resolution at 32.5 KHz and a display of 256 simultaneous colors.(obsolete) -EGA, Enchanced Graphics Adapter - 640 x 350 resolution at 21.85 KHz. introduced in 1984, it offered 16 colors from a pallete of 64. (obsolete) -MCGA, Multi Color Graphics Array - the low-end product for PS/2 family, 1987. It offered 320 x 200 resolution with 256 colors or 640 x 480 resolu tion with two colors. (obsolete) -VGA, Video Graphics Array - introduced in 1987, and formed as an integral part of PS/2 line. It offered a high resolution up to 640 x 480 at 31.50KHz and can display uo to 256 colors (obsolete).

Super vga video display

-SVGA, Super VGA - an extended implementation of VGA. It offers 800 x 600 resolution and up to 1600 x 1280 res. in either 16, 256, 16bit, 24 bit and up to true colors at 50 to 90KHz and 0.28 Dot pitch.

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Printing Hardware Devices 1. Dot Matrix Printers - form letters out of a combination of dots. They are faster and less expensive than other type of printers. Uses ribbons for ink-source 2. Laser Printers - offers a superb print quality, equal to typesetting, and a wide variety of font types & sizes. Laser printer are fast but quite expensive. Uses powder toner for ink-source.

HP Laser printer

3. Inkjet - Good print quality, cheaper than laser printers. Uses liquid toner for inksource

3. Plotters Sizes ranges from A to E dimensions. Prints using different paper media, pen types and colors. They are essential for CAD. Types of plotters are:

Inkjet plotter

-Large Format Inkjet Plotters - It is the cheapest and widely used Large Format Plotter for CAD & poster output. It uses CMYK liquid toner, dye-based (for indoor) or pigmented (for outdoor 6 months maximum.) -Large Format Laser Printers - up to E-size output, and may pro duce hi-resolution color/mono prints. Pen Plotters -either Drum type (roller beds) or XY type (flatbed). Pen plotters had to 20 or more pens (ink pen/lead pen), though most software restricted the number to eight. Sizes ranges from A to E (obsolete).

Flatbed pen plotter

-Thermal Plotters - no pens, no toners, and no noise. Thermals ranges from A to E; With resolutions up to 400 dpi and plots 10x faster than pen plotters. Thermal plotters use a special media. -Electrostatic Plotter - process begins as the plotter electrically charges a special media, attaches toner to that charge,removes excess toner, then dries the plot. Vector images (line) are converted first into raster (dot) image before processing begins. Resolutions range from 200 dpi to 400 dpi, and most are D-E sizes (for outdoor display). Flatbed pen plotter

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Data Storage Anything where electronic data can be stored. 1. RAM (Random Access Memory) - is a primary storage media, a chips where installed in your PC board SIMM RAM (Single In-line Memory Module) measured in bytes. All data are temporary stored in this media and transfer later on a secondary storage media like floppy disk, hard disk or any medium where you can store and can be retrieve your data. 2. Floppy Disk - Floppy disks come in two sizes. 5-1/4"(360K & 1.2 Mb obsolete.) and 3-1/2" (720K & 1.44 Mb.) Floppy disks are made of polyurethane or Mylar and are covered with iron oxide. Floppy disk is housed with a protective flexible plastic jacket. It has a center hole (main shaft), a small hole (index), a head slot (read/write) and a small square notch (write-protect notch). It spins at a rate of 300 rpm inside a disk drive. The magnetic polarity of the disk recording surface allows binary-encoded data (1's & 0's) to be stored. Disk drive read/write heads read data stored on the disk (floppy or hard) by determining the polarity of the magnetic fields at each point on the disk. Read/write heads store data on the disk by emitting magnetic pulses that change the polarity of magnetic fields. 360KB drives cannot format, read from, or write to a 1.2Mb floppy disk. However, high capacity disk drives can be used to format a 360 KB disk.

3.Hard Disk - A fixed disk drive installed inside your CPU or removable type. It offers a capacity of 4.3 - 8.4 (common size) to 21 gb. It stores and retrieves data much faster than floppy disk drive. The AT Hard Disk perform twice faster than XT’s Hard Disk. Hard Disk is ideal for applications involving large amount of data and softwares. Hard disk consists of aluminum platters that are coated with iron oxide. It rotates at 3600 rpm, to be stored on the disk’s surface. 4.3 GB Hard Disk

Multi-IO card/ Hard disk controller

4.Magnetic Tape - good as back-up storage of large data. It comes with a special drive, and access to data is usually sequential. 5. Compact Disk (CDROM) Tape drive

CD ROM

CD ROM with CD ROM drive

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SOFTWARES A. Application Softwares Softwares used to solve some need of the user. They can either be purchased or custom written in programming languages (see programming languages for det.).

The following are main types of purchased softwares available in the market today 1. WORD PROCESSING Designed to replace function ordinarily performed on a type writer or manually; MS Word is an example of a popular word processing software today. 2. SPREADSHEET / ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE Used for applications otherwise performed with a pencil, calculator and accounting worksheet; Useful for budgeting, accounts payable/receivables, cash flow analysis. Microsoft Excel is a popular spreadsheet package today. 3. COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND DRAFTING Used for design and drafting program of architectural, and engineering drawing. Popular software are AutoCAD, Intergraph, Draw Base, etc. 4. DATABASE Used for organizing and presenting data in several manners, depending in purpose. Database manage ment software packages includes Microsoft Access, dBASE & FoxPRO. 5. PAINT PROGRAM Used to print/retouch photograph images; unlike CAD, most paint programs are for freehand Drawings; lesser in dimensional accuracy. Popular softwares are Corel Photo Paint, Adobe Photoshop, Fractal Deigns and PC Paintbrush 6. DESKTOP PUBLISHING SOFTWARE Unlike a wordprocessor software, it provides a variety of fonts and is designed for page layouting. Desk top software are efficient alternative to manual typesetting in several cases. Popular softwares include PageMaker, CorelDraw & Microsoft Publisher.

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EDP 7. INTEGRATED SOFTWARE A group of softwares performing several functions such as as word processing, spreadsheet calculation, presentation database management, graphics and data communication. Popular software includes MS Office. 8. EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE Used in schools and Institution to enhance teaching of basic skills to students such as reading, math, spelling, geography, biology and history. B. Operating System Programs Translate commands typed in by user into computer understable terms (bits & bytes). The 3 main PC system programs are CP/M (Control Program for Microprocessor), MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System), Microsft Windows 98 / 99 / NT & PC-DOS (Personal Computer Disk Operating System). C. Network Software Network Software and Hardware allow user to conduct and interchange information from PC to another PC computers. A Typical consists of a PC computers (Pentuim or Higher processor type) as a host computer with up to 72 PC’S attached. Cost advantages to a network include shared software and printers, and less expensive terminals than a stand alone system. Popular software are Windows NT, Novell and 3-Com. D. Communication Software Used to share information between PC and a Mainframe or Minicomputer and Access “Public Bulletin Board” and “World Wide Web” for information such as stock reports, reservation, etc. Popular software includes Relay, smartcon, Crosstalk and Gateway. E. Programming Languages Used for communication directions to the computer. A programmer does not normal write program in machine language but instead write them in a source language which will translated into a machine language for execution on the computer upon loading. Popular programming languages include Assembler, BASIC, C/ C++, dBASE and Pascal.

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Using Microsoft Windows 95 Windows 95 is an operating system run on most IBM PC or compatible. Windows 95 is much easier and faster than previous operating systems used by an IBM PC (DOS). Hardware Requirements

Processor Type Memory Hard Drive CD ROM Drive Video Display Pointing Device

-

IBM PC / Compatible 80486, Pentium (recommended) 8MB or greater 150MB or greater optional Super VGA Mouse

Microsoft Windows 95 Screen (Desktop) Here is a typical look of a Windows 95 desktop screen everytime you start Windows 95 or depending on how your computer was set up.

Start Button- To start installed programs, open document, change system settings, find files, and exploring windows 95.

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GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

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Navigating Windows 95 using a mouse(Pointing Device) As you move your mouse on a flat surface, your pointer moves on your screen. On the principles that first you place your mouse pointer on (point to) something on your screen, and then click with a mouse button to perform action on that item.

To point, move the mouse until the tip of the pointer is over the item or are you want to point to. then you can do the following:

Click : Press and release the left mouse once

Double Click : Quickly press and release the left mouse button twice

Right Click : Press and release the right button once to show shortcut menu.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Accessing files and folders My Computer You can use My Computer to quickly and easily see everything on your computer. Double-click the My Computer icon on the desktop to browse through your files and folders.

Exploring Local Drives:

To list Contents of a disk To list all files and folders to all local drives To find specific files or folder To copy / duplicate the entire contents to another media or disk To prepare a new disk to a readable media. note : entire contents of this disk may lost

To get available amount and remaining disk space.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

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Windows Exploring Files and Folders / Sub-Directories : In Windows Explorer, you can see both the hierarchy of folders on your computer and all the files and folders in each selected folder. This is especially useful for copying and moving files. You can open the folder that contains the file you want to move or copy, and then drag it to the folder you want to put it in.

Files : A file is a collection of related data items. It is the basic unit of data storage

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Folders / Sub-Directory: Your documents and programs are stored in folders, which you can see in My Computer and Windows Explorer. In previous versions of Windows and DOS, folders were called directories.

Opening a file or folder - point and click on a specific folder, then use right button of a mouse. Then select open on selection menu.

opening a folder or a file can be performed by double clicking.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

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Navigating Active Window Minimize Maximize End task/ window

Title bar Menu Bar

Scroll arrow Scroll bar

No. of files on current folder.

Status bar

-

Changing View At menu bar select View

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GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Creating New Folder :

Note : Use right click on current desktop (active window). do not point any files or folder.

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Copying, Deleting and Renaming a file or Folder : Send To - To create a duplicate data and send it to floppy disk.

Copy - to copy a files or a folder to send it to another folder or to another media (disk).

Select any files you want to copy then use right click of a mouse then select Copy. Select Cut if you want to transfer files. hint : you can select a multiple files to copy while holding CTRL key.

Now, open any folder or drive where you want to put selected files(s) to copy. Use right click then select Paste.

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Windows Delete - to erase a selected file(s) or folder and send it to trashcan

hint : holding CRTL key can be use to select multiple files to delete.

Rename - simple as to change file name or a folder name.

old name

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new name

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Formatting a New Disk :

Format options : Disk Capacity - Specifies how much data disk can hold. To select capacity, click down arrow, and then click an option on list Format type : Quick - Removes all files from the disk but doesn't scan for bad sectors. The quick format option will only work on disks that have previously been formated. Full - prepare a disk that can store information (data) Formatting will remove all files and it will scanned for bad sectors after it is formatted. System - Copies system files that you can use in your startup drive (A: or C: on common computer). You can start your computer by using that Disk

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Disk / Files Utilities

When you want to view or change information about any item, such as a document, program, folder, disk drive, or printer, you can look at its properties. Use the right mouse button to click the item, and then click Properties on the menu.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

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Control Panel : Using control panel to control the way Windows looks and works. Double click the icon that represents the settings you want to change

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Changing video display : It will allow you to define the number of pallete, where you can select from 16, 256, 16 bit or even up to 32bit (true colors). Settings may vary depending on hardware installed on your computer(Video Adapter and Video display type).

A bitmap image(*.BMP) is required with this option, to allows you to change desktop background(Wall paper). A screen saver displays moving images, which prevent damage to your screen. The screen saver starts automatically if computer is idle for a specified amount of time. Used to change the appearance of many screen elements. The screen elements in each scheme are diffrent colors, sizes, and formats.

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

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Pointing device properties

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FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

Page 178

STAAD / Pro

5th Level, SM Manila Manila  484-1365 • 522-9272 • 522-9273

Windows

Adding New local printers

MICROCADD Technologies Co. MAIN OFFICE:

Suite 504 Doña Consolacion Bldg. 62 Gen. Santos Ave., Cubao, Quezon City  911-2062 • 911-2055 • 437-8881

http://www.microcadd.com • e-mail: [email protected]

FULFILLMENT CENTERS:

GIII-B Ground Floor, The Gallery Building Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati City  894-2580 • 843-6519

Ground Floor, Carpark Plaza, SM City North EDSA, Quezon City  926-3297 • 926-3298 • 926-3286

Page 179

STAAD / Pro

5th Level, SM Manila Manila  484-1365 • 522-9272 • 522-9273

Windows

Ending Session

Shut down the computer -This prepares your computer to be turned off, and saves any Windows setting that had been changed and writes any information that is currently stored in memory to your hard disk. Restart the computer - Saves any Windows setting that had been changed and writes any information that is currently stored in memory to your hard disk, then restart your computer. Restart the computer in MS-DOS MODE - Starts your computer in typical MS-DOS mode to run programs, such as MS-DOS games, that will not run under Windows. When you are finished using MS-DOS mode type exit or win to return to Windows.

MICROCADD Technologies Technologies Co. Co. MICROCADD MAIN OFFICE: OFFICE: MAIN

Suite504 504Doña DoñaConsolacion ConsolacionBldg. Bldg. Suite 62Gen. Gen.Santos SantosAve., Ave.,Cubao, Cubao,Quezon QuezonCity City 62 911-2062 911-2062••911-2055 911-2055••437-8881 437-8881 

http://www.microcadd.com••e-mail: e-mail:[email protected] [email protected] http://www.microcadd.com

FULFILLMENT CENTERS: CENTERS: FULFILLMENT

GIII-BGround GroundFloor, Floor,The TheGallery GalleryBuilding Building GIII-B AmorsoloSt., St.,Legaspi LegaspiVillage, Village,Makati MakatiCity City Amorsolo 894-2580 894-2580••843-6519 843-6519 

GroundFloor, Floor,Carpark CarparkPlaza, Plaza, Ground SM City City North North EDSA, EDSA, Quezon Quezon City City SM 926-3297 926-3297••926-3298 926-3298••926-3286 926-3286 

Page 180

STAAD / Pro

5th Level, SM Manila AutoCAD 2000 Manila  484-1365 • 522-9272 • 522-9273

Checklist for STAAD.Pro Saturday 12:00 - 8:00 pm Name of Teacher No. of students Branch/Room

: ________________ : ________________ : ________________

DAY 1

Date Started : ________________ Date to End : ________________ Folder name : ________________

Date: __________________

EDP / Windows / Overview of STAAD / Menu Organization Command Formats / Type of Structures / Unit Systems Structure Geometry & Coordinate System / Joint Coordinates Member Incidences Exercise : Modeling of Howe truss

DAY 2

Date: __________________

Editing of Structure Geometry / Group Definitions / Member Properties Constants / Supports / Loadings / Design Parameters & Commands Analysis / Interpretation of Result (Steel)

DAY 3

Date: __________________

Modeling of 4-storey bldg. /Group Definitions/ Member Properties Element Thickness /Constants / Member Specification Support Specification

DAY 4

Date: __________________

Con’t 4-storey - Loadings / UBC / Analysis / Design Parameters Design commands (beams, columns, & footings) / Run Analysis Interpretation of Results

Checklist for STAAD.Pro Saturday 1:00 - 7:00 pm Name of Teacher No. of students Branch/Room

: ________________ : ________________ : ________________

DAY 1

Sunday 1:00 - 7:00 pm Date Started : ________________ Date to End : ________________ Folder name : ________________

Date: __________________

EDP / Windows / Overview of STAAD / Menu Organization Command Formats / Type of Structures / Unit Systems Structure Geometry & Coordinate System / Joint Coordinates Member Incidences Exercise : Modeling of Howe truss

DAY 2

Date: __________________

Con’t Structure Modeling / Editing of Structure Geometry Group Definitions / Member Properties/Constants / Supports / Loadings Design Parameters & Commands / Analysis

DAY 3

Date: __________________

Interpretation of Result (Steel) Modeling of 4-storey bldg. / Member Properties

DAY 4

Date: __________________

Group Definition / Element Thickness / Constants / Member Specification Support Specification / Loadings

DAY 5

Date: __________________

UBC / Analysis / Design Parameters Design commands (beams, columns, & footings)

DAY 6

Date: __________________

Run Analysis Interpretation of Results

Checklist for STAAD.Pro T - Th 1:00 - 5:00 pm Name of Teacher No. of students Branch/Room

: ________________ : ________________ : ________________

DAY 1

Sunday 8:30 - 12:30 pm Date Started : ________________ Date to End : ________________ Folder name : ________________

Date: __________________

EDP / Windows / Overview of STAAD / Menu Organization Command Formats / Type of Structures / Unit Systems Structure Geometry & Coordinate System / Joint Coordinates Member Incidences Exercise : Modeling of Howe truss(introduction)

DAY 2

Date: __________________

Con’t Structure Modeling / Editing of Structure Geometry Group Definitions / Member Properties/Constants / Supports

DAY 3

Date: __________________

Loadings /Design Parameters & Commands / Analysis Interpretation of Result (Steel)

DAY 4

Date: __________________

Modeling of 4-storey bldg / Member Properties / Group Definition Element Thickness / Constants

DAY 5

Date: __________________

Member Specification / Support Specification / Loadings

DAY 6

Date: __________________

UBC / Analysis Design Parameters

DAY 7

Date: __________________

Design commands (beams, columns, & footings)

DAY 8

Date: __________________

Run Analysis Interpretation of Results

Checklist for STAAD.Pro T - Th 6:00 - 9:00 pm Name of Teacher No. of students Branch/Room

: ________________ : ________________ : ________________

DAY 1

Date Started : ________________ Date to End : ________________ Folder name : ________________

Date: __________________

EDP / Windows

DAY 2

Date: __________________

Overview of STAAD / Menu Organization Command Formats / Type of Structures / Unit Systems Structure Geometry & Coordinate System / Joint Coordinates Member Incidences

DAY 3

Date: __________________

Modeling of Howe truss

DAY 4

Date: __________________

Editing of Structure Geometry Group Definitions / Member Properties

DAY 5

Date: __________________

Constants / Supports / Loadings

DAY 6

Date: __________________

Loadings /Design Parameters & Commands / Analysis Interpretation of Result (Steel)

DAY 7

Date: __________________

Modeling of 4-storey bldg / Member Properties /Group Definition

DAY 8

Date: __________________

Element Thickness / Constants / Member Specification

DAY 9

Date: __________________

Support Specification / Loadings

DAY 10

Date: __________________

UBC / Analysis Design Parameters

DAY 11

Date: __________________

Design commands (beams, columns, & footings) / Run Analysis Interpretation of Results