Sps Mk2 Bhs Manual

TECHNICAL SUPPORT MANUAL SPS Bottom Hole Sampling

Competency and Training Department Burns Building Kirkhill Place Dyce, Aberdeen AB21 0GU Telephone +44 (0) 1224 214600

www.exprogroup.com

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INDEX Page 3 4 5 7 8 9

Subject Introduction Sampling Conditions Description of SPS Mk2 Tool SPS Mk2 Specifications Engineer’s Responsibilities and Safety Running the Tool Onsite Tool Assembly

11 12 14 16 17 19 20 21 22 24 26 28

Sure-lock Assembly Sample Chamber Nitrogen Reservoir, including Nitrogen Reservoir Charging Flow Regulator/Choke Selection Special Circumstances and Sand Filters Choke Selection Chart Air Chamber Shuttle / Trigger Setting Clock Setting Function Testing the Tool Priming the Tool Prime Pressure Chart Sample Transfer / Validation

29 30 33 36 37 43

Introduction to Transferring a Sample Assembly of Field Transfer Unit (FTU) SPS Sample Cylinders SPS Chamber and Sample Cylinder Heaters Sample Transfer and Heating Procedures Saturation Pressure Determination

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Onsite Tool Dressing 45 48 50 51 53 55

Tool Redressing in the Field, Sample Chamber Assembly Assembly of Sample Chamber Flow Regulator Assembly SPS Nitrogen Reservoir Section Pressure Testing the SPS Nitrogen Reservoir Section Spool Valve Mechanism / Clock Housing Assembly

Workshop Tool Dressing 56 58 59 60 61 62 63

Sample Chamber and P-Stop Flow Regulator Air Chamber and Spool Valve Assembly Pressure Relief Valve Trigger Assembly, Clocks and Clock Housing Certification Well Simulation Appendices

64 66 67 68 70 71 72 73 77

Appendix 1 - Listing of tools for SPS operations and re-dressing Appendix 2 - SPS Mk 2 Tool Operations Schematic Appendix 3 - FTU schematic Appendix 4 - Low Pressure / Low Temperature Tests Performed On Expro PDS Samplers Appendix 5 – Heater Checklist Appendix 6 – Sample Data Sheet Appendix 7 – Sample Summary Sheet Appendix 8 – SPS Checklist Appendix 9 – Tool Failure Checklist

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INTRODUCTION The Expro SPS Mk2 tool is a positive displacement sampling device for taking down-hole samples in oil, gas and water wells, which maintain the sample in single phase whilst it is coming to the surface. The purpose of the tool is to provide high quality samples which, when analysed provide data vital for the economic and technical evaluation of the reservoir. The tool has been designed to operate in various environments, to consistently produce representative samples regardless of well fluid type or hostile conditions. Having taken the sample, the Expro Field Transfer Unit (FTU) allows the sample to be transferred to a sample cylinder prior to being despatched to the P.V.T. laboratory where it will be analysed. The data from the laboratory helps to determine such areas as field development programmes, oil and gas recovery factors, production forecasts and production equipment selection. In extreme cases the sample may be shipped in the SPS sample chamber, as it is securely contained between the fixed and floating pistons. It should also be noted that the SPS tool is Design Appraised. It is not possible to have the full Lloyds Approval due to the requirement for the tool to be dismantled after it has functioned, before it can be re-run. It is permissible for the external pressure acting on the tools to increase or decrease, once the required time has elapsed following the sampling operation. It is also permissible for the well to be shut in at either the choke manifold or flow wing valve to monitor a downhole build-up. Note: The well must NOT be shut in anywhere on the test string, as the wireline will be cut. Neither of these instances will interfere with the integrity of the captive sample, as the design of the tool ensures that the sample is protected from the external fluids by twin ‘O’ ring barriers.

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SAMPLING CONDITIONS In order that the SPS tool can obtain samples that are representative of the subject producing interval, it is recommended that certain conditions are adhered to: 1) 2) 3) 4)

The sampling point is just above the producing interval. The well is flowing mono-phasically at the sampling point. The zone has been flowed and cleaned-up. The zone is flowing at a stable rate.

Since there is often a lack of downhole flowing conditions information, it is generally recommended that the well be flowing on a small choke such as a 12/64 inch. The choke size is also governed by the flowing characteristics of the zone. For instance, a poor zone may be struggling to maintain a stable flow at 12/64 inch choke, in which case an 8/64 inch choke may be used, as opposed to a highly productive zone which may easily flow on a larger choke. In this case the main restriction on choke size would be to stop the sampling toolstring being blown out of the hole. Prior to using a larger choke size the wireline supervisor should be consulted. Well conditioning is crucial to the success of sampling operations.

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TOOL DESCRIPTION The SPS Mk2 is a wireline run tool which is activated by a mechanical clock. The tool comprises a Sample Chamber, an Air Chamber, a Nitrogen Reservoir and a Trigger / Clock mechanism. Other options available are:1. Battery powered electric clock. 2. Surface operation through electric line, with mechanical tandem tool connection. The tool may be run individually or in tandem with others. See appendix 2 - SPS tool operation. A piston is held at the bottom of its stroke by synthetic oil under pressure in the sample chamber and air chamber liner. When the mechanical clock has completed its pre-set time, the trigger lever assembly drops into a cutaway in the clock cone. This allows the shuttle to move upwards exposing a port in the shuttle nipple. The pressurised buffer fluid is then allowed to flow into the air chamber, its rate being metered by the flow regulator. As the buffer pressure drops, the piston is pushed up the piston rod by well pressure and the sample slowly flows into the sample chamber. As the piston bottoms out on the premature closing assembly - p-stop, the brake collet is raised allowing the balls to release. The rod connector, which is attached to the piston rod, moves upwards when the piston fully bottoms out on the p-stop, allowing the external reservoir pressure to push the needle valve body upwards and above the sampling ports. The 'O' ring protector bottoms on the guide in to the sample chamber and the piston slides the last part of its travel into the sample chamber. After the second 'O' ring has passed into the sample chamber, the sure lock assembly is pulled into place and locks, so preventing any downwards movement of the rod / piston assembly when the nitrogen is released. The nitrogen crossover occurs when the P-stop collapses. The hydrostatic pressure between the rod connector and the stinger causes the stinger to move into the fixed sleeve. This sequentially closes the buffer fluid port and opens the nitrogen reservoir port, allowing the nitrogen to act on the floating piston, and maintaining the sample in single phase. On return to the surface, the sample chamber is isolated from the rest of the tool by closing the valve stems at the prime port sub - V1, and the nitrogen reservoir fill sub -V2. This separation should take place immediately prior to the start of sample transferring operations.

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Ensure that the transfer lock sleeve is fitted. Single phase samples are

normally heated prior to transfer. See the section on Sampler / Sample Cylinder heaters. The sample chamber is placed on, and connected to, the FTU and the transfer nipple fitted between the sampler and shipping cylinder. After evacuating the small void in the transfer nipple, the sample is transferred by displacing the sample to the shipping cylinder, whilst collecting the displaced buffer fluid from below the shipping cylinder piston. The sample is fully transferred when the piston bottoms out on the needle valve body.

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SPECIFICATIONS AND MAIN FEATURES Specification:-

Thread Connections:-

Certification:-

Sample Volume (Standard).............................................. 600 cc Max. Pressure ............................................................ 15,000 psi Max. Temperature ................................................ 176oC / 350oF Length........................................... 201 inches (16 feet 9 inches) O.D. ........................................................ 1.6875 inches (1 11/16”) Weight ............................................................................. 34.5 kg Air Chamber Volume.....................................................1000 cc Top and bottom crossovers..............0.9375 inch (15/16”)Sucker rod Fishing neck size.............................................1.375 (1 3/8”)inches SPS Mk2 Tool...........................................Lloyds Design Appraised MkVI Shipping Cylinders.........................................Lloyds Approval

The SPS Mk2 tool is built from 17/4PH stainless steel, and aluminium bronze. Main Features:- Ability to operate in high H2S, CO2 (FR58 ‘O’rings)and high G.O.R. wells. Ability to operate in high temperature wells (FR58 ‘O’ rings) Adjustable Sampling duration. Positive Displacement. Positive Locking after Tool Closure, with sure lock assembly. Confirmed Sample Volume. Mercury Free Operation. Double 'O' Ring Seal on all Well Pressure Exposed Joints. Sample Retained in Single Phase. Fast Re-dress and Transfer Ability. Rugged Construction with Minimal Components. No Risk of Sample Contamination Prior to, or After Sampling.

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FIELD ENGINEERS RESPONSIBILITIES The Engineer must work in compliance with both Expro and Client Safety Systems. When personnel arrive on location, the equipment must be checked and function tested. The expected sampling string should be assembled with the required crossovers, fittings etc. These should be decided on as soon as possible, in conjunction with Client Representatives and wireline operators, so that missing or damaged items may be quickly replaced. Ideally a dry, well illuminated site with an air supply for the FTU, power supply for the sampler heater and a work bench should be chosen e.g. BOP test area. In addition to the foregoing, the engineer is responsible for noting any deficiencies or defects in equipment and for relaying this information to the workshop staff on the completion of the job by means of the equipment Status form. In this way, equipment returned to base can be quickly and easily accounted for. The engineer must determine whether there is a requirement for the sampler / cylinder heater to be used, as in the case of samples with either wax or asphaltenes present. Heaters are normally used with SPS samples.

SAFETY Engineers operating the SPS Mk2 sampling system are responsible for their own safe working practices. To this end, it is a requirement that proper safety equipment be utilised at ALL times.

Warning Uncontrolled Release of High Pressure Nitrogen Can Have Serious Implications It is a requirement at most facilities that a work permit be obtained BEFORE any high pressure work is started. Check with the facility supervisor. The following protective equipment must be used: 1) Safety glasses or other approved protective eyewear. 2) Steel toed safety footwear. 3) Protective coveralls and gloves - when applicable. 4) Hard hat

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In addition to the above, the Engineer MUST cordon off and mark a safe working area, to prevent unauthorised personnel from entering a potentially dangerous area.

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RUNNING THE TOOL It is taken that prior to arrival at the well site, the tool has been completely re-dressed, inspected and had new 'O' rings and back-up rings fitted throughout. The sample chamber should also have been filled with synthetic oil.

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TOOL ASSEMBLY Sure-Lock Assembly Prior to running the tool in hole, the Sure-lock assembly must be checked, to ensure that it functions correctly Should the Sure-lock assembly fail to operate, the full nitrogen pressure will come to bear against the Posi-Lock pin, which will shear - the Posi-Lock pin will shear at below 1500 psig. Failure of the Sure-Lock will mean that the sample is lost before it reaches the surface, and in all probability will mean that the tools will have to be re-dressed and run again. The following procedure will be followed: 1)

Ensure that the securing screw is securely installed.

2)

Remove the Sure-lock sub from the sample chamber, whilst still leaving the collets / screw in place.

When the Sure-lock sub is removed, the collets should still be attached to the needle valve body and should have sprung apart. If they have NOT sprung apart, discard the entire Sure-lock assembly and obtain / install a replacement. 3)

Remove the Sure-lock assembly from the needle valve body and rotate end over end. Install the Sure-lock assembly in the insertion sleeve, and securely install the securing screw through the collets and into the needle valve body.

4)

Remove the insertion sleeve from the Sure-lock assembly, whilst still leaving the collets / securing screw in place.

A possible reason for the Sure-lock assembly not to spring apart is that the collets / securing screw might have been machined to tolerances that are too close, resulting in the collets being gripped in place by the securing screw. Note:

Do not overtighten screw.

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Sample Chamber 1)

Clamp the sample chamber vertically using the sampler body clamp and extension arm fitted to the FTU. Unscrew the choke housing.

2)

Ensure that the premature closing assembly (P-stop) is cocked by measuring the distance from the top of the P-stop to the top edge of the sample chamber, dimension 'A'. This measurement should be around 45mm. If the measurement is greater than 45mm, it indicates that the P-stop has collapsed. If less than 45mm then either the Pstop or the fixed piston are not screwed fully home on the piston rod. In this case, when the prime port sub is attached to the sample chamber, the piston rod will bend and the floating piston will not be able to move up when the tool fires.

The importance of the P-stop being set correctly cannot be over stressed, since the tool will close immediately it encounters pressure and no sample will be obtained if the P-stop has collapsed prior to running in hole. 1) Push the 1/4" diameter clear nylon tube supplied into the hole of the P-stop. Fit the reservoir to the vacuum pump using the uppermost hole in the reservoir and connect the free end of the nylon tube, with the small black plastic adapter, into the reservoir. Pour a small amount of synthetic oil into the top of the sample chamber. Squeeze the handle of the vacuum pump repeatedly to draw the oil down into the sample chamber. When no air is observed in the nylon tube it is taken that the sample chamber is full of oil. Use the vacuum pump to remove excess oil from the chamber but leave approximately 0.5 mm of oil above the Pstop. This oil will fill the prime port sub when installed. Remove the tube. 2) Check the operation of the stinger for full travel with the stinger extractor. Connect the SPS sub and prime port sub to the sample chamber.

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Note the position of the stinger front. It should protrude from the SPS sub by approximately 14mm, with a shoulder being visible. Should the stinger have moved, it is easily re-located by using the appropriate tool.

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NITROGEN RESERVOIR Warning Uncontrolled Release of High Pressure Nitrogen Can Have Serious Implications 1)

Assemble the nitrogen pump.

2)

Ensure that the nitrogen reservoir fill sub, nitrogen reservoir and flow regulator nipple form a securely tightened assembly.

3)

Evacuate the nitrogen reservoir with a vacuum pump, to remove any air that might be present. Close the prime port sub valve - V1 and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve - V2 on completion of this operation. It is theoretically possible for combustion to occur in the nitrogen reservoir if it is heated sufficiently with Oxygen present, in the air, and if traces of oil remain in the nitrogen reservoir.

4)

Loosely replace the nitrogen prime port plug with the free end of the high pressure line from the nitrogen pump. Purge the pump and line to the nitrogen prime port sub with nitrogen, to flush out any oxygen.

5)

Tighten the connection between the nitrogen prime port and the nitrogen pressure line, and pump nitrogen into the nitrogen reservoir to the required pressure. Ensure that both the prime port sub valve - V1- and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve - V2 are securely shut. Once charged, they can safely be left until the tools are to be run in the hole.

6)

Disconnect the nitrogen pressure line, and replace the nitrogen prime port plug.

Note 1:

The required nitrogen pressure will be determined by the well conditions, but as a rule of thumb, for a fluid with minimal shrinkage, a nitrogen pressure of Reservoir Pressure plus 2500 psig should be appropriate. For a fluid with a high shrinkage, an appropriate nitrogen pressure should be Reservoir Pressure plus 4000 psig. The maximum Nitrogen pressure that may be used at any time is 15,000 psig, but in reality the maximum pressure is likely to be governed by the air supply available to operate the pump. (The pump operates on a pressure ratio principle).

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Note 2:

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The pressure within the nitrogen chamber must NOT exceed 15,000 psig when it is at reservoir temperature. The engineer must ensure that the nitrogen charge pressure at the surface at ambient temperature is low enough to meet this stipulation.

Note 3:

The primary method of calculating the pressure that the nitrogen will reach inside the nitrogen reservoir is the ‘Z factor (N2) software. Alternatively, the pressure can be calculated by using the Real Gas Equation : P1 x V1 = P2 x V2 T1 x Z1 T2 x Z2

Where T = ° F + 460 (i.e. ° Rankin) Where Z = Gas compressibility factor at T

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FLOW REGULATOR / CHOKE SELECTION Please note that the terms ‘flow regulator assembly’ and ‘choke’ are synonymous. If operating under conditions of low pressure and temperature, refer to Appendix 4. For the correct selection of flow regulator end cap, flow regulator piston and flow regulator body refer to the appropriate choke selection charts. A fill time of between 4 to 10 minutes should be aimed for, and is dependant on the expected FBHP (flowing bottom hole pressure) and FBHT (flowing bottom hole temperature). There are two charts, one for low pressure wells and one for high pressure wells. (The large orifice front is for low pressure and the small orifice front for high pressure). Note:

Flow regulator pistons are kept with their respective flow regulator end caps and are not interchanged, since the conical seat of the flow regulator end cap forms a groove where the flow regulator pistons seats on the front section. They are machine matched.

Inspect the flow regulator piston prior to assembly. The groove formed on the end of the flow regulator piston should not overlap with the holes in the conical seat. This would result in the flow regulator / choke malfunctioning, allowing direct communication between the sample chamber and the air chamber. Pressure build up in the sample chamber would then act directly on the shuttle and the pressure relief valve would open at its pre-set limit, resulting in a premature sample being taken. After choosing the flow regulator end cap, flow regulator piston and flow regulator body, depending on BHP and BHT, assemble the parts and insert the assembly into the flow regulator nipple, ensuring that the filter disc is facing towards the nitrogen reservoir, as shown below.

Each flow regulator assembly / choke has 3 different orifice sizes; Mk11, Mk111 and Mk1V.

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SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES In certain cases where low pressure, low temperature wells are encountered it may be necessary to remove the flow regulator piston from the flow regulator assembly. Note:

If the expected sampling point pressure is at or below 2000 psig, the flow regulator piston must be removed from the flow regulator assembly. Additionally, the pressure relief valve must have its set point raised to a pressure in excess of the sampling point pressure (max 2500 psig). If the pressure relief valve is not set to this higher pressure the tool will take a sample as soon as the external pressure exceeds the pressure relief valve setting. Remember, this may be as low as 7-800 psig.

The act of removing the flow regulator piston allows the external pressure to act directly on the pressure relief valve. Care should be taken when pressure testing the wireline lubricator prior to running into the well for the same reason. Refer to the tests carried out on the Expro PDS at low pressures and temperatures. In such circumstances the sampling pressure will be acting directly on the trigger lever assembly therefore great care should be taken when choosing to opt for this method. Most importantly the pressure acting on the trigger lever assembly should not exceed 2500 psig. The pressure relief valve will have to be adjusted accordingly, and should a pressure test be required in the lubricator the maximum test pressure allowable would be < 2500 psig.

SAND FILTERS It should be noted that the SPS Sand Filters are very rarely used under wellsite conditions. This should be borne in mind when discussing sampling runs with on-site P.E.'s etc. There are two different sizes of filter available - 150 and 375 microns. It is possible that the finer filters will block when in use and prevent any inflow to the sample chamber. It is therefore suggested that in a run of samplers, there should be a mix of samplers both with and without filters. This should be less of a problem with the 375 micron filters, but should still be borne in mind.

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It should be noted that the O.D. of the filter body is 2.020", an increase from the samplers' 1.693". The sand filter body bore sizes do differ from one another, therefore a check should be made that the filters loaded for a job fit the samplers supplied. The difference in bore size is due to the Manufacturer’s decision to change the external diameter of the PDS sample chamber.

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Large Front Orifice Chart (0.156”) Bottom Hole Temperature (Deg. C / F)

BHP 500

Choke

50 / 122

85 / 185

120 / 248

150 / 302

180 / 356

Mk1 Mk2 Mk3 Mk4 25m 0 16m 45 8m 30 Mk1 12m 15 11m 30 1000 Mk2 13m 45 9m 45 8m 45 Mk3 5m 45 4m 30 4m 0 Mk4 14m 0 4m 30 3m 30 3m 15 Mk1 10m 15 8m 15 7m 45 6m 0 2000 Mk2 6m 0 4m 45 4m 0 3m 45 Mk3 14m 15 4m 0 3m 0 Mk4 8m 0 Mk1 6m 45 6m 0 5m 45 5m 15 3000 Mk2 12m 45 4m 15 3m 30 Mk3 7m 15 Mk4 4m 30 Mk1 7m 45 5m 30 5m 0 4m 45 4m 30 4000 Mk2 5m 15 3m 0 Mk3 Mk4 Mk1 7m 0 4m 45 4m 15 4m 0 3m 45 5000 Mk2 4m 30 Note: For Low Pressure / Low Temperature Wells, refer to Low Pressure / Low Temperature Tests on EXPRO PDS Samplers sheet

Small Front Orifice Chart (0.062”) Bottom Hole Temperature (Deg. C / F)

BHP 5000

7500

10000

12500

15000

Choke

50 / 122

85 / 185

120 / 248

150 / 302

180 / 356

Mk1 Mk2 Mk3 Mk4 Mk1 Mk2 Mk3 Mk4 Mk1 Mk2 Mk3 Mk4 Mk1 Mk2 Mk3 Mk4 Mk1 Mk2 Mk3 Mk4

15m 0 11m 15 8m 30 10m 45 8m 30 6m 15 13m 15 8m 30 6m 15 -

13m 15 9m 0 6m 15 13m 15 9m 0 7m 30 10m 45 7m 0 5m 15 9m 15 5m 30 6m 15 -

14m 0 8m 30 7m 0 4m 45 11m 15 6m 45 9m 30 5m 0 7m 30 5m 0 -

12m 30 7m 45 6m 15 10m 45 6m 15 8m 15 4m 30 6m 15 4m 15 -

11m 30 6m 45 5m 0 9m 15 5m 45 7m 45 4m 0 5m 45 3m 45 -

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AIR CHAMBER Using the rollers provided, position them on a flat surface such that one set will be positioned midway beneath the air chamber and the other set midway beneath the sample chamber. Place the air chamber in position and unscrew the bottom thread protector to reveal the air chamber plug. Screw the air chamber onto the flow regulator nipple, with the flow regulator installed and hand tighten. Excessive tightening is not required as the seal is made with the 'O' rings and the threads hold the sections together. Ensure that the air chamber pressure relief plug is securely closed, to prevent the ingress of reservoir fluid. All joints may now be tightened fully using the two 38mm spanners on the shuttle nipple and bull nose/tandem sub. Remember to choose either a tandem sub or a bull nose for the bottom end of the sampler depending on whether or not the sampler is to be run on the bottom of the toolstring or in tandem with another. Again, do not use excessive force to tighten joints. Under NO circumstances should pipe-wrenches be used on tools. IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS: The pressure relief valve is normally set to operate at about 1800 psig. (Check the certificate inside the sampler box). This is acceptable when using a low pressure front, where the ratio is 5:1. However if a high pressure front is to be used where the pressure ratio is 16:1, then the pressure relief valve setting should be lowered to 900 psig, or lower, depending on the bottom hole conditions.

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SHUTTLE / TRIGGER ASSEMBLY With the partly assembled tool still resting on the two sets of rollers, clamp the tool with the tool clamp close to the setting screw with the setting screw facing upwards. Slide the setting tool over the piston valve stem and push the tool forward until it butts up to the end of the shuttle nipple body. Hold the tool in this position by placing a foot behind the tool clamp and screw in the setting screw until tight. This should take approximately 2½-3 turns from the fully unscrewed position and should ensure that the setting screw locates in the groove of the piston valve stem and does not merely nip the shaft which may cause the tool to fire prematurely if the piston valve stem slips.

Check that all the screws are tight on the lever assembly and that the lever assembly does not look bent or mis-aligned. Check also the condition of springs and spring locating pins. Screw on the lever assembly, and hand tighten only. Lift the trigger with a finger until it touches the sleeve to ensure that it has free movement.

Scribe an 'X' on the shuttle nipple body, if one is not there already, in line with the clock locating pin. Screw on the clock container tube and hand tighten.

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CLOCK SETTING Clocks should NOT be set for a period of less than 40% of their full range. This assists in the prevention of premature release of the lever assembly Note the clock serial number. Locate the pin in the clock setter on to the slot in the cone and push fully forward. At this stage, the scribed line on the clock body and the zero mark on the clock setter should be aligned. Hold the body steady and turn the collar clockwise until the required delay time is aligned with the scribed line. (For function testing 30 minutes to 1 hour will suffice.) Remember to turn the clock setter gently anti-clockwise when winding up the clock to obtain the "true" delay time. Note:

Do not overwind the clock as it cannot be turned back.

Remove the clock setter and note the time set and expected firing time. Before inserting the clock into the clock container tube check that it is ticking. Hold the clock with the coned end facing into the clock container tube and with the scribed line uppermost. Rotate the sampler body until the scribed 'X' on the shuttle nipple body is also uppermost. Rotate the clock as follows (assuming a 10 hour clock):1)

On a clock set to half its full range e.g. 5 hours, rotate the clock approx. 30 degrees left.

2)

On a clock set for more than half its full range e.g. +5 hours, rotate approx. 30 degrees right.

Push the clock into the container tube as far as it will go. Slowly rotate it anti-clockwise, whilst gently pushing it into the housing, until you feel the pin on the lever assembly engage with the hole on the clock body. The clock should not now be able to rotate. Screw the top nipple fully home by hand. (Should the clock be misaligned, resistance will be felt as it contacts the locating pin. If a spanner is used, no resistance will be felt and the pin will bend and become

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embedded in the wall of the trigger assembly, resulting in premature firing of the tool and irreparable damage to the trigger assembly). When the top nipple is fully home, it can then be nipped up with a spanner.

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FUNCTION TESTING THE TOOL Hold the prime port nipple closed with the ring spanner, whilst removing the prime port plug. Screw the prime port adapter into the prime port nipple and nip up with a spanner. Do not over tighten. Connect one end of the liner to the hand pump, and the other to end to the prime port adapter. Ensure that the hand pump is filled with Mobil 1. Pressure test the liner to 4500psi, then unscrew the prime port nipple ½ turn. Carefully flush Mobil 1 oil through the sampler internals into the air chamber, so that there is minimal air remaining in any of the cavities. Approximately 5 strokes on the pump should be sufficient. Set the shuttle with the setting tool. Pressurise the system until a steady reading of 4500 psig is registered on the gauge. Initially, there may be fluctuations in the pressure as any remaining air in the tool is compressed. It may help to pressurise and de-pressurise the system several times. Check all joints for leaks. The function test should include, but not be limited to, the following checks: 1)

Attach the trigger assembly.

2)

Attach the clock.

3)

Whilst the pump is still connected, reduce the pressure to +/- 1000psig or BHP if higher.

4)

Set a clock to 50% of its range and insert it in the clock housing, ensuring that the pin on the trigger assembly engages with the locating hole in the clock.

5)

Open V2 and then V1 and check the gauge on the enerpac pump for nitrogen crossover. Release the setting screw and note any pressure drop. If the pressure drops noticeably, there is probably a leak. A ‘click’ will be heard as the piston valve stem comes to rest against the trigger assembly.

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6)

Slide the clock gently out of the housing. A firm click should be heard and the prime pressure as monitored on the hand pump gauge should drop.

7)

If time allows, repeat steps 2 to 4 with the tool clock installed and set for about one hour. The engineer should be able to view the hand pump gauge when the tool functions.

The aim of the test is to check that:1)

The trigger assembly aligns correctly with the groove in the nose cone of the selected clock and that the piston valve stem seats properly on the trigger assembly whilst the shuttle opens correctly.

2)

There is no blockage in the system. (The hand pump pressure should drop when the tool fires).

3)

Nitrogen has not passed over /round any internal seals or valves.

If time is available prior to running in hole, wind all clocks to their full range and test.

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PRIMING THE TOOL FOR RUNNING IN HOLE The procedure for priming the tool is very similar to the aforementioned function test, however there are some differences:1)

Prime pressure should be chosen carefully with reference to the appropriate graph: Internal tool Pressure vs. Temperature (see next page but one). In particular the internal pressure, between the flow regulator and the shuttle, should not build up sufficiently for the pressure relief valve to open. The prime pressure should be such that the pressure exerted on the piston at Tres is greater than the BHP, but lower than the tool MWP of 15,000 psig.

2)

Once primed, open the nitrogen reservoir isolation valves prime port sub valve - V1 and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve - V2.

Safety Notice: When opening the prime port nipple, do so with great care - in case of any nitrogen that may have passed over the internal seals or past the valves. If there appears to be pressure, indicated on the hand pump gauge, close the prime port nipple immediately. If nitrogen has passed over/round the seals, it will be necessary to redress the stem. 3)

Tighten the prime port nipple. Bleed off the pressure on the hand pump. Whilst holding the prime port nipple closed with the spanner, unscrew the hydraulic hose and screw in the prime port plug. Continue as per the function test. (The clock housing may be tightened fully to the conversion nipple).

4)

The tools should be hand carried - if possible - to a location as close to the drill floor as possible prior to setting the clocks for running in hole e.g. behind the drawworks.

5)

Clocks should be set for the required time delay, as close as is possible to the time when they are required, and inserted into the clock container tube as per the function test. The top nipple crossover should be screwed on by hand and tightened fully with 38mm spanners.

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6)

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Usually the sampler toolstring is made up in the ‘mouse hole’ and pulled up on a ‘tugger’, so the tools should be made up to the wireline string on the drill floor. Use pipe wrenches on knuckle joints, but use the 38mm spanner on the tandem sub.

7)

Unscrew the setting screw until it is against the circlip.

Run the tools at a maximum rate of 180 feet per minute, to the sampling depth. If running 5 or 10 hour clocks, the tools should be on depth at least 30 minutes prior to the firing time, and remain on location for at least 30 minutes after the samples are due to be taken, before being pulled out of the hole. If 24 hour clocks are being used then 45 minutes should be allowed before and after the expected sampling time. Note:

If the tools are returned to the surface before their firing time, and are to be re-run within 48 hours, bleed off the prime pressure through the prime port nipple, and remove the clock.

Note:

Each time the prime port sub valve - V1- and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve - V2 are operated, a drop of approximately 100 psig will occur.

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SPSTool Prime Pressure Chart

18000

17900 300 psig

16000 15000

15000

15000

Maximum Rated Tool Pressure 15000 15000

15300 15000

15000

15000

14000 13000 12000 11500 10500 10000

10000

8000

30 psig

8200

8000 6500

6000

5800 4800

4000 3100

3050

2000 1375 300 30

0 16

30

50

70

90

110

Temperature Deg Centigrade

28

130

150

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INTRODUCTION TO TRANSFERRING A SAMPLE The Field Transfer Bench (FTU) is designed to be used in conjunction with both PDS and SPS Samplers, and the Type 4 Piston, and Type 6 Single Phase Sample Cylinders. The purpose of the FTU is to allow samples to be transferred from the sample chamber to a shipping cylinder, prior to transportation to the P.V.T. Lab for analysis. Note.

Sample validation is not performed on most SPS samples, as the act of determining the saturation pressure changes the sample to its bi-phasic state.

Description The FTU is of stainless steel construction and is approximately 24" high by 24" wide by 15" deep. When unpacked from its cover and assembled, all its valves are accessible from the front with the sample chamber lying across the top, at the back, of the Bench and the Sample Cylinder to one side. For safety reasons the FTU is fitted with a pressure relief rupture disk, to prevent the possibility of the equipment being over pressured. The FTU is fitted with two 10 inch pressure gauges to monitor the pressure, in both the sample chamber and the shipping cylinder, during the transfer operation. The gauges supplied have a range appropriate to the expected reservoir conditions. In addition to the main Bench itself, there is an accessories box which contains all the liners, clamps and attachments for the transfer operation. Specification Maximum Working Pressure................................................................................ 15,000 psia Dimensions (approx.) ...................................................................................... 24" x 24" x 15" Weight ........................................................................................................................... 75 Kg Transfer Fluid ....................................................................................40% Glycol :60% Water

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ASSEMBLY OF FIELD TRANSFER UNIT (FTU) This should be conducted as soon as possible after reaching the well site. See appendix 3.

AT NO TIME SHOULD THE FTU BE PRESSURISED IN EXCESS OF 15,000 PSIG 1)

Unfasten the front / top cover by releasing the spring clips and unscrewing the knurled safety lugs.

2)

Remove the cover, using the handles, invert it and attach it to the back of the main FTU body.

3)

Fit the swivel cylinder holder to the side of the bench and tighten the grub screw.

4)

Insert the two body clamps into the extension arms, and fit them in the two rearward facing holes, at the top left and top right of the bench frame. Tighten all four screws on the arms so that most of the play has been removed, but small adjustments in position may be carried out.

5)

Air must now be bled out of the system with FTU valves V10, V5 and V4 closed. Use the pump handle to manually pump fluid until it is seen exiting from the pressure gauge connection. Evacuate and fill the gauge bourdon tubes with water prior to fitting to the FTU. Connect the pressure gauge and tighten fully. With FTU valve V9 now also closed, open FTU valves V4 and V10 and again manually pump fluid until it is seen exiting from the snubber connection. Fit the second pressure gauge and tighten fully.

6)

Continue to stroke the pump manually until pressure is observed on the gauges. Pressure up to the expected approximate transfer pressure, reservoir pressure plus 2000 psig, and close FTU valve V4. The snubber gauge should remain steady. The right hand gauge may drop due to a possible small leak through the check valve in the pump.

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7)

Once the test is complete open FTU valve V4, then slowly open FTU valve V5 to allow fluid to return to the tank. Close FTU valve V5 once the pressure is bled off to 0 psig.

8)

Connect a liner to the bulkhead fitting positioned adjacent to the cylinder holder.

9)

To check the pneumatic operation of the pump, place the end of the liner in the top of the tank. Attach the airline to the FTU, ensuring that both the regulator and the bench air supply ball valves are turned completely off.

10)

Turn on the air supply. With FTU valves V1,V5,V7 and V8 shut and FTU valves V6, V4, V10 and V9 open, open the FTU air supply ball valves, and slowly begin to stroke the pump by turning the control knob on the regulator clockwise. Pump speed can be increased / decreased by turning the control knob clockwise / anti-clockwise. As the pump strokes, fluid should be seen squirting from the liner into the tank. This is also good practice for flushing the system of air.

11)

Turn off the pump and the air supply. To bleed the airline of air, commence pumping again until the pump stops. Air pressure has now been bled from the line and it is safe to disconnect the airline from the unit if required.

An alternative method to bleed the airline of air would be to have FTU valves V9 and V11 closed but have FTU valves V4, V5, V6 and V10 open. Turn on the regulator until the pump stops stroking. The airline is now safe to disconnect. 12)

Connect the hose with the transfer head attached to the bulkhead fitting leading from FTU valve V11. FTU valves V9 and V11 should be shut to prevent any fluid escaping from the system through siphoning action, if the ends of either of the two hoses were to drop to ground level.

13)

Earth the FTU to a suitable clean, paint free part of the rig structure with the earth leads provided. Check for good earth.

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Warning Build up of Static Electricity Can Cause Explosion The unit is now ready for use. Note:

In remote locations, purge the air hose prior to attaching to the FTU to expel any water or sand. Also, a small amount of Mobil 1 poured into the hose will lubricate the internals of the pump.

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SPS SAMPLE CYLINDERS AT NO TIME SHOULD THE SAMPLE CYLINDERS BE PRESSURISED IN EXCESS OF THEIR MAXIMUM MARKED WORKING PRESSURE (MWP) Top of Sample Cylinder Valve Configuration 1) 1 x 1/4”NPT - Sample In / Out 2) 1 x Cylinder Evacuation Port Bottom of Sample Cylinder Valve Configuration : 1) 1 x 1/4”NPT - Water Glycol In / Out Red Marking 2) 1 x Internal Valve - Nitrogen Reservoir Fill Blue Marking 3) 1 x Internal Valve - Nitrogen Crossover Valve Yellow Marking 4) 1 x 1/8” Autoclave Plug in side of vessel - Nitrogen access point for Nitrogen Reservoir. The Type 6 SPS Cylinder has an internal sample volume of 700 cc, and a nitrogen reservoir of 100 cc.

Cylinder Preparation Warning Uncontrolled Release of High Pressure Nitrogen Can Have Serious Implications It is a requirement at most facilities that a work permit be obtained BEFORE any high pressure work is started. Check with the facility supervisor. 1)

Check that the sample cylinder certification is in date, that the cylinder has a maximum working pressure greater than the well pressure + 1000 psig and that the serial number on the cylinder matches that on the certificate. If it fails to do so, discard the cylinder and select a different one. Identify the discarded cylinder with an appropriately marked RED label.

2)

Ensure that the Yellow / Nitrogen Crossover Valve is closed, and the Red / 1/4”NPT valve is open. This will ensure that in the case of the Yellow valve leaking there is no pressure build-up in the sample cylinder.

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3)

Ensure that the Blue / Nitrogen Reservoir Fill Valve is closed, and remove the 1/8” Autoclave plug from the port in the side of the sample cylinder.

4)

Carefully open the Blue / Nitrogen Reservoir Fill Valve, and ensure that there is no pressure contained within the Nitrogen Reservoir.

5)

Using a vacuum pump, ensure that the Nitrogen Reservoir is fully evacuated. Once the Nitrogen Reservoir is fully evacuated, close the Blue / Nitrogen Reservoir Fill Valve.

6)

Loosely connect the high pressure liner from the Nitrogen Pump to the Autoclave port in the side of the Sample Cylinder, and carefully purge the liner with Nitrogen.

7)

Tighten the fitting connecting the Nitrogen Pump liner to the sample cylinder.

8)

Open the Blue / Nitrogen Reservoir Fill Valve, and listen to the nitrogen flowing into the Nitrogen Reservoir. Once the sound of flowing Nitrogen Gas has stopped, utilise the Nitrogen Pump to pressurise the Nitrogen Reservoir to the required pressure.

9)

Observe the Nitrogen pump pressure for 5 minutes, until the gas in the Nitrogen Reservoir has had a chance to cool to the ambient temperature. Re-pressurise the reservoir to the required pressure.

10)

Close the Blue / Nitrogen Reservoir Fill Valve. Shut off the nitrogen supply to the Nitrogen pump and bleed off the pressure in the Nitrogen Pump liner in a safe manner.

11)

Remove the Nitrogen Pump liner from the sample cylinder.

12)

Once the N2 chamber of the sample chamber has been filled, the pressure should be checked prior to the cylinder being used. This will identify any leaking bottles. The original N2 pressure should be 2000 psi higher than that required for shipping to allow for the above checking. Check all of the valves and ports on the bottom section of the sample cylinder for leaks.

13) 14)

If any of the valves / ports exhibit signs of a leak, carefully de-pressurise the sample cylinder and attach a red label – appropriately marked – to the cylinder.

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15)

Using a hand pump, pressurise the sample cylinder from below the piston to a pressure approximately 1000 psig above the Sample Reservoir Pressure.

16)

Replace the Autoclave fill port plug.

The cylinder is now ready for attaching to the FTU.

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SPS CHAMBER AND SAMPLE CYLINDER HEATERS If there is a measurable quantity of either wax or asphaltenes contained in the sample, the sample chamber / sample cylinder heaters should be used. Since the presence of asphaltenes is often difficult to detect, it is standard procedure to heat SPS samples prior to their transfer. Expro have both SPS sample chamber and SPS shipping cylinder heaters, which may be operated from either a 110v or a 240v supply, and are clad stainless steel. All Expro SPS shipping cylinders can be fitted into heaters, enabling them to be used on the FTU system. Note:

If using a 110v power supply, the heaters will not exceed 180° F.

The sample chamber and / or the sample cylinder will be heated to, and stabilised at, a maximum temperature of 100° centigrade or to reservoir temperature, whichever is the lower, prior to sample transfer. The heater stands provided must be used, as they provide a safe and secure base for the heater / sample chamber whilst heating and transferring operations are taking place.. When heating sample cylinders and chambers wear protective gloves. Do not strain autoclave fittings as they can slacken off. Note: It is NOT beneficial to heat oil samples containing wax and / or asphaltenes to a temperature in excess of 100° centigrade, even if the reservoir temperature is in excess of this. Samples should not be heated above the reservoir temperature, as this will raise the internal pressure above the sampling point pressure and the piston will bottom out. The internal pressure will then be unknown.

Warning The internal pressure of the sample chamber MUST be monitored at all times while the sample is being heated. Pressure must be monitored at both the sample bottle and the shipping bottle (Snubber Gauge) sides. In this way, the sample chamber pressure can be monitored even if the floating piston has bottomed out.

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SAMPLE TRANSFER AT NO TIME SHOULD ANY OF THE SAMPLE CHAMBER / FTU SYSTEM BE PRESSURISED IN EXCESS OF 15,000 PSIG It should be noted that the piston sample cylinders should be filled with transfer fluid below the piston, and have the nitrogen reservoir filled prior to their being used. 1)

Place the piston sample cylinder into the holder, having noted its serial number, and tighten the screws to retain the cylinder in place.

Note:

The valve ports on the cylinder must be pointing towards the back of the bench

2)

Prepare the first sample cylinder to be used for a transfer while the tools are running in the hole.

3)

Loosely connect the free end of the liner, attached to the bulkhead fitting next to the cylinder holder, to the bottom valve of the sample cylinder.

4)

Close FTU valves V11, V5, V7 and V8 and open FTU valves V4, V6. V9, V10 and snubber valve.

5)

Ensure that the regulator is turned completely off. Attach the air supply and turn it on.

6)

Slowly stroke the pump to flush the liner, then tighten the liner to the bottom valve on the sample cylinder.

Note:

The transfer pressure should be approximately 2000 psig above the sampling pressure

7)

The system has to be pressure tested to approximately 1000 psig more than the anticipated transfer pressure by opening FTU valves V6, V4, V10, V9 snubber and

bottom valve on the piston sample cylinder and closing FTU valves V11, V5, V7, V8. Open the air and pump supply valves. Slowly screw down the air pressure regulator. 37

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Once the desired pressure is reached close FTU valve V4, bleed the pressure down to 0 psig on the snubber gauge by turning off the regulator and slowly opening FTU valves V7 and V8. Monitor pressure on the snubber gauge. It is vital that there are no leaks on the side of the unit isolated by FTU valve V4, since it is this side of the unit which is used to determine the bubble point of the sample. A leak in this system would give erroneous data points for the bubble point graph. When the test has been completed bleed the pressure down by slowly opening FTU valves V4 and V5. Close FTU valve V5 when pressure is 0 psig. Note:

Bubble points are not usually determined on Single Phase samples, but occasionally the customer may wish one sample to be validated.

8)

Once the tools have been retrieved, they should be taken to the area where the transfers are to take place. Select the first sample chamber for transfer and install the transfer lock sleeve. Isolate the sample chamber from the rest of the tool by closing prime port sub valve - V1 and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve - V2. Remove the nitrogen fill plug from between prime port sub valve - V1 and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve - V2, replacing it with a 15,000 psig pressure gauge. The indicated reading serves as the opening pressure. The N2 opening pressures should be very similar for each tool. If there is an odd (lower than the others) reading, put this tool aside for a bubble point check if required.

Note:

For safety reasons, the SPS tool requires a transfer lock sleeve to be installed.

9)

Place the sample chamber section into the heater and approximately line up the transfer port, ensuring that the ‘O’ ring protector has been slid back to reveal the needle valve body transfer port, with the cylinder's top valve.

Note:

The SPS Mk11 transfer head has a different profile from the PDS Mk11 transfer head.

Note:

The sample chamber and FTU should be individually earthed to a clean, paint free part of the rig structure in order to eliminate the buildup of static electricity.

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10)

Remove transfer port plug.

11)

Screw in the transfer nipple, Do not overtighten.

12)

Slowly swivel the piston sample cylinder towards the transfer adapter making sure that the port and stem are in line then tighten. Ensure that no undue strain is put on the transfer adapter. At this stage we are ready to evacuate all the air from this section with the small hand vacuum pump. Attach the pump to the vacuum port assembly. Open the port by holding the body of the assembly with a spanner, turning the top part anticlockwise. Open the top valve on the piston sample cylinder and evacuate the transfer section.

13)

Whilst maintaining this vacuum close the vacuum port assembly and remove the hand pump. Close the top sample cylinder valve.

14)

Check that FTU valves V7, V5, V8 and V12 are closed, and that V4, V6, V9, and V10 are open.

15)

Screw the transfer head adapter onto the open end of the prime port sub. Open V11 and flush the line with fluid from the FTU.

16)

Pressurise the sample cylinder, and the line to the transfer head adapter to reservoir pressure. +1000 psi.

17)

Close FTU valve V4.

18)

Slowly open the prime port sub valve - V to make contact with the sample chamber. Record the opening pressure and temperature on the Engineer’s checklist. Slowly open the sample chamber needle valve, then the top valve on the shipping bottle. This enables the pressure within the sample chamber to be monitored even if the floating piston should bottom out.

Immediately prior to switching on the heater, the Safety Checklist MUST be satisfactorily completed. When the Safety Checklist (see appendix 5) has been satisfactorily completed, and not before, the heater may be switched on. 39

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Safety Note:

Rev 1.01 SPS 2

The heater controller MUST be set in a safe area, as the system needs to be powered up for the LED’s to operate.

Monitor the pressure on the FTU gauge carefully, and if a pressure rise is NOT detected within 5 minutes switch OFF the heater and re-check all valves, to ensure that the appropriate ones are open. Safety Note 1: Allow plenty of time for heating as the sample chamber / sample cylinder walls form a very good insulation, i.e. in excess of 2 hours. Safety Note2: The sample must be stable and monophasic before attempting any transfer or validation, to guarantee that the sample is representative of the zone from which it was taken. Stability is identified when there is no change in the pressure over a period of five minutes, following the attainment of the desired temperature. 19)

Check FTU valves V7 and V8 are closed, and V9 and the bottom valve on the piston sample cylinder are open.

20)

Continue to monitor the internal sample chamber pressure on the pump outlet gauge on the FTU, utilising V12 to regulate the internal pressure.

Safety Notice: Maintain the desired transfer pressure at all times, whilst

heating, by utilising the FTU bleed valve V12 to regulate the pressure. The internal sample chamber pressure must NOT exceed 15000 psig at any time.

21)

Once the transfer temperature has been attained, and the internal sample chamber pressure is stable, switch off the heater immediately prior to commencing the transfer.

22)

Place a 1000cc graduated cylinder under the nozzle located below V8. 23) Check FTU valve V7 is closed. Open FTU valve V8.Slowly open the top sample cylinder valve, again maintaining the transfer pressure by adjusting the regulator. 40

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The two gauges on the FTU should now be reading the same pressure. 24)

The sample is now ready for transfer to the SPS sample cylinder. Using FTU valveV8 as a regulating valve, pump sample into the cylinder whilst maintaining the pressure on the sample chamber. It will be noted that the snubber gauge will read slightly less than the sampler gauge, due to the frictional effects of the pistons.

25)

Continue to withdraw water / glycol from the cylinder until 500cc have been withdrawn. At this point, slow down the pump speed and decrease the rate of withdrawal, since the transfer is nearing completion.

26)

At the end of the transfer the pressure on the sampler-side gauge will start to increase as the moving piston bottoms out on the needle valve body. Stop the pump. At the same time, the pressure on the snubber gauge will start to fall as fluid is still flowing from the sample cylinder. Immediately close FTU valve V8.

27)

Close the top valve on the piston sample cylinder.

28)

De-pressurise the sample chamber by turning the regulator off completely and slowly opening the FTU valve V12. This prevents the nitrogenised water from passing through the feed line to the pump, and prevents the pump becoming airlocked. Once the right hand gauge reads 0 psig close FTU valve V5.

29)

Carefully break the connection between the transfer adapter and the sample cylinder. Hold a rag over the fitting as this is being done, since a small amount of pressurised sample will be present in the fitting. This can be used to confirm the presence of oil and/or water in the sample.

30)

Plug the top valve of the piston sample cylinder.

31)

Open the yellow valve on the bottom of the sample cylinder to allow the nitrogen to act as a cushion for the piston, whilst maintaining the monophasic state of the sample. Note the pressure on the snubber gauge as the final pressure. Ensure that the pressure does not drop below the desired shipping pressure.

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32)

Rev 1.01 SPS 2

Close the red valve on the bottom of the sample cylinder. Depressurise the hose by opening V7 and V8. Remove the hose from the sample chamber and replace the plug. The sample is now consolidated inside the shipping cylinder

33)

Remove the sample cylinder from the FTU, replace the plastic valve protectors and return the cylinder to its shipping box.

34)

Remove the transfer nipple from the sample chamber needle valve body and replace the transfer plug.

35)

Note the sample volume and return the fluid to the FTU tank.

36)

Disconnect the transfer head from the prime port sub and set the sample chamber to one side, after replacing the thread protector. Handle with gloves, as the sample chamber will still be hot.

37)

Continue with the next sample.

38)

As the transfers are completed, label the sample cylinders and fill out the sample data sheets in triplicate, including one copy with the sample cylinder. On no account must pipe wrenches be used on the body of the samplers.

Important: After all transfers have been completed, the tools will be dismantled, prior to re-dressing or for shipping back to base. If a joint appears to be stuck, first ensure that there is NO pressure acting on the joint.

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BUBBLE POINT / SATURATION PRESSURE In the event that the client requires a validation to be performed on a sample, proceed as follows. Transfer the samples in the normal way. The last sample should be transferred to a type IV PDS sample cylinder, since the monophasic sampling benefits are lost by undertaking a saturation pressure test. Having transferred the sample into the sample cylinder, we can begin to determine the saturation pressure. In the piston cylinder an agitation facility has been built in to aid the mixing of the gas and oil. If the sample was heated prior to transfer into the PDS cylinder, it should be allowed to cool at least overnight with the bottom valve closed before the bubble point is determined, otherwise, the bubble point line will be curved. If it is not possible to let the sample cool, then the final sample should be transferred cold into the PDS shipping cylinder. 1)

Open the sample cylinder bottom valve two complete turns. Stabilise the sample pressure in the sample cylinder at a pressure 1000 psig in excess of the reservoir pressure by pressuring and rotating the cylinder 180° anticlockwise first, then 180° clockwise. Repeat a minimum of 10 times. Note the pressure.

2)

Open and close FTU valve V7 to drain 2cc of water from the constant volume device (CVD).

3)

Open FTU valve V8, withdraw 2 cc from the CVD into a graduated cylinder then close V8 again.

4)

Agitate the cylinder a minimum of 10 times as before.

5)

Note pressure reading.

6)

Repeat steps 1 to 5 above.

7)

Initially, for every 2 cc withdrawn a relatively large decrease in pressure will be observed until the bubble point is reached, thereafter a smaller decrease in pressure will be observed. Obtain at least 5-6 points above the bubble point and 5-6 points below the bubble point.

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8)

Rev 1.01 SPS 2

The bubble point graph may now be plotted with volume withdrawn on the x-axis and pressure on the y-axis. The point where the two extrapolated lines intersect is the bubble point pressure for that sample at ambient temperature. Note:

BUBBLE POINT PRESSURE MUST ALWAYS BE QUOTED WITH THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH IT WAS MEASURED.

9)

After the bubble point has been determined, it is necessary to remove additional water/glycol to form a gas cap. For example, if 40cc had been removed during the bubble point determination, a further 20cc should be removed, making a total of 60cc or 10% of the sample volume.

Note:

A gas cap is formed as a safety measure in the liquid sample. Should the sample be exposed to elevated temperatures, the internal pressure would be expected to rise substantially due to the liquids coefficient of thermal expansion. An average rise of 1.8deg F (1 deg C) will increase the liquid pressure by 142 psig. A gas cap gives a cushion sufficient to prevent a large pressure rise due to its high compressibility.

10)

Depressurise the system by slowly opening FTU valves V4 then V5 to allow fluid to drain back into the tank.

11)

Disconnect the liner from sample cylinder and plug the bottom valve. Fit the cylinder end caps and return it to its box.

12)

Once all transfers and validations have been completed, label the sample cylinders and fill out the sample data sheets in triplicate, including one copy with the piston sample cylinder.

13)

Put the sample cylinder back into its transport box ready for despatch.

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REDRESSING THE TOOL IN THE FIELD Having completed the transfer, all pressure should be bled from within the sample chamber.

SAMPLE CHAMBER ASSEMBLY Loosen the prime port sub, by placing the sample chamber on rollers and using the tool clamp and 38mm spanner. With the sample chamber clamped onto the transfer bench, remove the tandem / nose cone sub, and the sure lock assembly. Screw the needle valve body extractor (large T-bar) into the valve thread on the needle valve body. If the sample chamber is still full of transfer fluid place a bucket, or other appropriate receptacle, under the end of the sampler with the sample ports. Compress the posi-lock pin by pushing it back into the recess and pull back sharply on the T-bar. Once the needle valve body has cleared the sample chamber, remove the posi-lock pin and spring. Transfer fluid will drain into the bucket as the piston assembly is removed from the tool body. Support the piston rod as it is withdrawn. When the p-stop bottoms out on the piston, use a slight jarring action to free the piston from the bore of the sample chamber. Unscrew the prime port sub and place it to one side on a clean paper towel. Unscrew the piston rod from the needle valve body and pull off the piston. All 'O' rings and back-up rings on the component parts of the sample chamber assembly require replacement. Note:

Refer to 'O' ring diagram for details of 'O' ring sizes and locations on the tool.

Remove all 'O' rings and back-up rings from the piston and the needle valve body. Completely unscrew the needle valve from the needle valve body and remove the 'O' rings and back-up rings. Inspect the seat of the valve stem for signs of wear. Completely unscrew the transfer port plug and remove the 'O' ring. All parts should now be washed with Ensolv and dried, with any traces of grit and contamination removed from all components - be careful not to contaminate clean parts with dirty fingers. Try to lay clean components out on a length of clean paper towel and use paper towels rather than rags to wipe components - this prevents any residual fluff being left behind. 45

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Fit new 'O' rings and back-up rings to the piston, needle valve body, transfer port plug and needle valve. Use the needle valve back-up ring former to prepare the needle valve so that it can slide unrestricted into the needle valve body.

Lightly coat the needle valve and transfer port plug threads with lubricant and screw both into their respective locations until hand tight. Carefully replace the 'O' ring protector taking care not to damage the 'O' rings. Ensure both 'O' rings are covered. Check the operation of the P-Stop, clean and dry it. Replace the piston on the piston rod with the metal insert facing the p-stop and the scribed target towards the needle valve body. Carefully ease the piston onto the piston rod, by sliding it over the large metal thimble covering the rod thread. Screw the needle valve body onto the piston rod and hand tighten. Check the operation of the p-stop by setting and tripping using the floating piston (apply some tension to the p-stop by pressing against a clean bench. Finally set the p-stop by holding the piston rod and gently pulling on the top of the ball retainer. A clicking sound will be heard as this is done and the assembly will then become rigid. Push the piston down the piston rod until it rests against the needle valve body. Set the assembly to one side. Clean the sample chamber internally using Ensolv, not forgetting the threads and sample ports.

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Finally, pass a wrap of paper towel through the sample chamber on the end of a piece of tubing to dry the inside. Visually inspect the inside to check for any scores on the barrel or grit still remaining. Clean the tandem sub / nose cone and sure lock assemblies with Ensolv. Dry and apply a light coating of lubricant to the threads.

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ASSEMBLY OF SAMPLE CHAMBER 1)

Return the complete piston rod, p-stop and piston assembly to the sample chamber until only the last 40mm of the needle valve body is visible.

2)

Turn the assembly in a clockwise direction until the hole for the posi-lock pin in the needle valve body is uppermost and in line with the slot in the sample chamber.

3)

Place the posi-lock holder over the needle valve body until it hits the posi-lock pin. Depress the pin and push the holder forward to cover the pin.

4)

Continue to push it forward as far as possible. Hold the holder steady and insert the push rod. Push slowly forward until the shoulder hits the end of the holder.

Note:

If resistance is met during this operation, the posi-lock is not in line with its groove in the sample chamber. The solution is to turn the holder slightly to the left or right until the push rod can be pushed forward easily.

5)

Remove the holder and push rod. Install the sure lock assembly, ensuring that the screw is fully engaged in the sample chamber needle valve body. Screw on the nose cone or tandem sub and tighten.

6)

Clamp the sample chamber in a vertical position on the FTU with the nose cone or tandem sub at the bottom. Push the 1/4 inch clear nylon tube supplied with the vacuum pump into the hole in the top of the p-stop.

7)

Feed the funnel over the nylon tube and screw it into the top of the sample chamber.

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8)

Fit the reservoir to the hand vacuum pump, using the uppermost hole in the reservoir, and connect the free end of the nylon tube with the small black plastic adapter into the reservoir side wall.

9)

Pour approximately 640 cc of synthetic oil into the funnel. (Note that any good quality synthetic oil of about 10w40 viscosity is acceptable if there is not any synthetic available)

10)

Squeeze the handle of the vacuum pump repeatedly to draw the oil down into the chamber. When the funnel is empty, use the vacuum pump to remove any excess oil from the sample chamber until the top of the p-stop is visible.

11)

Remove the tube and the funnel.

12)

To check that the p-stop is still set correctly, measure dimension 'A', which should be no greater than 45mm. See figure on page 10.

13)

Screw the prime port sub onto the sample chamber and tighten fully.

14)

Store the sample chamber in a vertical position, to prevent the egress of any synthetic oil.

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FLOW REGULATOR ASSEMBLY Screw the air chamber plug extractor tool (screw thread ‘T’ bar in a metal disk) finger tight into the end of the air chamber plug. Do not over-tighten. Remove the flow regulator from the flow regulator nipple by using the flow regulator tool to pull it from its housing. Dismantle the flow regulator and remove all 'O' rings and back-up rings. Clean the flow regulator body, flow regulator end cap, flow regulator piston, and the flow regulator nipple with safety solvent. Dry with compressed air. Inspect the flow regulator piston nose for signs of wear, and replace all 'O' rings and back-up rings. Assemble the flow regulator components, if the tool is to be used on the next sample run, and replace in the flow regulator nipple, filter disk end first. Use your thumb to push the assembly into place. Lightly coat the threads of the flow regulator nipple with lubricant Note:

Ensure that on assembly there are no particles of dirt left that could block the small rear orifice.

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SPS NITROGEN RESERVOIR SECTION Warning Uncontrolled Release of High Pressure Nitrogen Can Have Serious Implications If the nitrogen reservoir section is empty of any pressurised OFN (Oxygen Free Nitrogen) proceed to section 3. If the section DOES contain pressurised OFN, then proceed to section 1. 1)

Place the SPS section in a tool clamp. Ensure that the prime port sub valve V1 and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 are closed.

Safety Notice: Remove the nitrogen prime port plug, and release ALL nitrogen by opening the prime port sub valve V1 in a controlled manner. 2)

Unscrew the SPS sub, and remove the stinger and fixed sleeve. Unscrew the prime port sub, removing the prime port plug and nipple, and remove the prime port sub valve V1 and its circlip.

3)

Remove the flow regulator nipple.

4)

Remove the nitrogen chamber nipple with the small T bar. Using the slotted plate, unscrew the compression fitting and set the nitrogen chamber nipple to one side.

5)

Remove the nitrogen prime port plug - if not already removed in section 2 above - and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve stem V2 from the nitrogen reservoir fill sub, and remove the nitrogen reservoir fill sub from the rest of the section.

6)

Remove the high pressure stainless steel liner from the nitrogen reservoir fill sub.

7)

Remove all ‘O’ rings and teflon backup rings from the SPS section components. Do NOT remove any arlon backup rings unless they are damaged.

8)

Clean all parts with solvent and clean wipes. Ensure that all parts are free of any contamination.

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9)

Renew all removed ‘O’ rings and backup rings.

10)

Replace the prime port sub valve V1, nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 and the nitrogen prime port plug in their respective ports.

11)

Replace the prime port plug in the prime port nipple.

12)

Connect the high pressure stainless steel liner to the nitrogen reservoir fill sub. Attach the pulling tool to the other end of the steel line.

13)

Make the nitrogen reservoir fill sub up to the nitrogen reservoir.

14)

Use the pulling tool to pull the compression fitting on the liner outwith the nitrogen reservoir. Slide the slotted plate behind the compression fitting and remove the pulling tool. Replace the nitrogen reservoir plug. Remove the slotted plate, and install the reservoir plug in the nitrogen reservoir.

15)

Install the flow regulator sub onto the nitrogen reservoir, and the prime port sub onto the nitrogen reservoir fill sub.

16)

Insert the stinger front into the SPS sub, and push fully home.

17)

Insert the fixed sleeve into the SPS sub, and push fully home.

Note 1:

The internal circlip of the fixed sleeve must face inwards

Note 2:

If the stinger front moves during the above operation it can be replaced into its correct location with tool T3.

18)

Install the SPS sub onto the prime port sub.

19)

Tighten all connections on the SPS section.

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PRESSURE TESTING THE SPS SECTION 20)

Attach the hand vacuum pump to the nitrogen prime port plug.

21)

Close prime port sub valve V1 and open nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2. Evacuate the nitrogen reservoir.

22)

Close nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 and disconnect the vacuum pump.

23)

Loosely attach the high pressure line from the nitrogen pump to the nitrogen prime port, and purge the line.

24)

Tighten the high pressure line, and open nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2.

25)

Operate the nitrogen pump, and pressurise the reservoir to 5,000 psig.

26)

Close nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 and slowly bleed off the pressure in the nitrogen line.

27)

Remove the nitrogen line, and replace the nitrogen prime port plug.

28)

Open prime port sub valve V1 and nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 and immerse the SPS section in water.

Note:

If no bubbles appear, all is satisfactory. If bubbles DO appear return to step 1

29)

Dry the SPS section. Close nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 and carefully remove the nitrogen prime port plug.

30)

Carefully open the nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 and carefully bleed off all pressure.

31)

Close the prime port sub valve V1, attach the vacuum pump to the nitrogen prime port, and evacuate the nitrogen reservoir.

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32)

Close nitrogen reservoir fill sub valve V2 and replace the vacuum pump with the prime port plug.

33)

Ensure the stinger front has not moved. If it has, return to step 17 and repeat.

34)

Install the SPS section, stinger end first, onto the sample chamber.

35)

Install the air chamber onto the flow regulator end of the SPS section.

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SHUTTLE / TRIGGER MECHANISM / CLOCK HOUSING ASSEMBLY Note:

The piston valve assembly should not need to be serviced in the field, unless it has been exposed to either very high temperatures or more than 3 runs in a well, or a combination of both.

Split the assembly from the air chamber and replace the 'O' rings. Removing the Setting Screw Remove the small circlip with the circlip pliers supplied, and unscrew fully. Replacing the 'O' rings can be difficult, but with the aid of 'O' ring sleeve this task is made simpler. Screw the setting screw back into the shuttle nipple body and replace the circlip. Break the clock container tube at both ends and replace the 'O' rings and back-up rings. Prepare the clock and trigger as described on pages 20 and 21 of this manual.

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DRESSING THE TOOL IN THE WORKSHOP On return from the field, all tools that have been run must be completely stripped down and cleaned with safety solvent. An ultrasonic bath is available for cleaning the larger components, while small components are immersed in a tub of safety solvent and cleaned with the aid of a paintbrush. Parts are then blown dry with compressed air and visually inspected for signs of damage or wear. New 'O' rings and back-up rings are fitted throughout.

SAMPLE CHAMBER ASSEMBLY The sample chamber assembly is dismantled, cleaned and assembled as described on pages 43 47. In addition the p-stop must be thoroughly cleaned and inspected, as is the piston rod, for any signs of wear.

PREMATURE CLOSING ASSEMBLY With the p-stop attached to the piston rod, ‘cock’ the assembly as described on page 44. Unscrew the whole assembly from the piston rod by rotating the rod connector anti-clockwise until the assembly is free from the piston rod. Break the spring retainer from the brake collet and unscrew. This should be done in a vertical position, to prevent the enclosed ball bearings from falling out. With the spring retainer removed, lift out the compression spring and rod connector taking care not to lose the four ball bearings which may fall out. Thoroughly clean all parts with safety solvent and dry with compressed air. With the assembly separated, inspect the rod connector, balls, brake collet and ball retainer for signs of wear and damage. Assembly 1)

Hold the piston rod upright and slide the spring retainer and the compression spring onto the piston rod.

2)

Screw the rod connector tightly onto the piston rod.

3)

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4)

Gently lower the ball retainer into the brake collet, taking care not to push the balls into the centre.

5)

Gently lower the combined ball retainer / brake collet over the rod connector, until it bottoms on the rod connector.

6)

Raise the compression spring and the spring retainer, so that the spring retainer engages with the brake collet, and tighten fully.

To ensure that the assembly is correctly assembled, trip the mechanism and see if there is any thread space between the piston rod and the rod connector. None should be present. If there is then the assembly has not been fully tightened. Important: It is imperative that the premature closing assembly fits correctly onto the end of the rod, since failure to do so could result in the sampler malfunctioning. With the assembly set, check its operation. Note:

The brake collet and the ball retainer should collapse leaving no gap. If a gap should occur, this will be as a result of one or more of the balls falling into the centre of the ball retainer during assembly.

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FLOW REGULATOR The flow regulator should be thoroughly cleaned and inspected as described on page 43. New 'O' rings and back-up rings must be fitted throughout. In addition the flow regulators should be tested periodically. Testing the operation of the flow regulator can be achieved by setting up a test rig as shown. 1)

Using the small orifice flow regulator end cap (marked 0.062”), flow regulator piston, and any flow regulator body, apply 8,000psi in, and the gauge should indicate between 300psi and 500psi.

Note:

To prevent an air lock distorting the outlet side pressure, open the valve and allow a slight flow through, then closing the valve very slowly.

2)

Using the same set up as before, apply 8,000 psi to the large orifice flow regulator end cap (marked 0.152”). Between 1,400 psi and 1,600 psi should be indicated on the gauge.

If the pressure rises above these given levels, the matching flow regulator end cap and flow regulator piston should be returned to the manufacturer for repair. Note:

End caps and pistons have been matched and tested; on no account should these be separated and used on non-matching pieces unless tested as described above.

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AIR CHAMBER Drain the air chamber of synthetic by opening the air chamber pressure relief plug in the side of the chamber. Using the special tool, unscrew the air chamber plug retaining ring, and remove the air chamber plug. Unscrew the swagelok coupling connecting the stainless steel liner to the air chamber plug, and remove it. Thoroughly clean the plug and fit new 'O' rings and back-up rings. Unscrew the shuttle nipple body from the air chamber and remove together with the coiled stainless steel 1/8" line. Rinse the inside of the air chamber with safety solvent, paying particular attention to the threads. Assembly is the reverse of the dismantling.

SHUTTLE ASSEMBLY Unscrew the coiled line from the shuttle nipple body, thoroughly clean the assembly with safety solvent. Remove the piston valve stem from the shuttle nipple body, following the removal of the retaining bush. Remove the retaining screw in the relief valve end of the shuttle nipple body and the removal bush and seals, clean and rebuild with new seals. When dismantling, note the relative position of the components. Inspect the piston valve stem for signs of wear or damage, especially where the retaining screw mates. Re-assemble the shuttle components in the reverse order of dismantling.

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PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE With the air chamber plug and air chamber removed, attach the prime pump to the bottom of the air chamber coiled liner, bleed the system first then set the lever assembly, and slowly build up pressure until the relief valve opens. The pop off pressure must be around 1,800 psi and will slowly bleed back to between 1,300 psi and 1,000 psi. If adjustment is required, slacken the side mounted lock grubscrew with a 1/16” allen key, and turn the end accessed adjustable screw until the setting is correct. It may be necessary to reduce the opening pressure to 900 psi or lower if a high pressure front is to be used. Tighten the lock grub screw, and check the opening pressure. If it is still set to the required opening pressure, disconnect the prime pump and re-fit the air chamber and air chamber plug.

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LEVER / TRIGGER ASSEMBLY Visually inspect the lever / trigger assembly for any signs of damage. Pay particular attention to the trigger alignment and to the condition of the spring retaining pins. Ensure all screws are fully tightened. Replace in the clock instrument case.

CLOCKS No servicing is performed on the clocks as they are returned to the manufacturer for servicing when they have been used.

CLOCK CONTAINER TUBE / TOP NIPPLE Unscrew the top nipple and clean the threads. Replace the 'O' rings and back-up rings. Clean the sucker rod pin connection and apply lubricant to all threads. Clean the clock container tube. Screw the clock container tube and top nipple together, and replace the thread protector. Cover the sucker rod thread with a wrap of duct tape.

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CERTIFICATION Once a sampler has been completely re-dressed the test certificate must be completed. The engineer or technician responsible should then duly sign and date the certificate. A copy should accompany the sampler once it is boxed and ready for shipment to the field. The original is to be kept on file.

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WELL SIMULATION TEST This test is optional Introduction A function test can be performed before despatching the tool to the well site. The test cell well simulator slips over the bottom end of the sample chamber using the tandem sub instead of the nose cone. Tubing supplied is fitted once the simulator is in place on the tool. This is also a useful training exercise, as once the test is complete a simulated transfer can be carried out. Assembly (a)

Follow instructions as per Running The Tool except fit the simulator to the sample chamber prior to filling and priming.

(b)

Attach the pipe work supplied and connect it to the FTU using the top Bulkhead Fitting. Fit the test gauge onto the snubber valve.

(c)

Shut FTU valves V11, V5, V7, V8 and open FTU valves V6, V10, V4, Snubber, V9.

(d)

Start the FTU stroking, using a nominal pressure of 1,000 psi. complete, the pump will stop.

(e)

Remove the simulator sub and check that the tool has functioned. If the test is satisfactory, clean and re-dress the tool, and return it to its transport box, ready for use.

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APPENDIX 1 LISTING OF TOOLS FOR SPS OPERATIONS Part No.

Description

Purpose

895

7/16 inch spanner

894 86500.0.5050

38 mm spanners Prime Port Spanner

Air chamber swagelok fittings All tool joints Open / close prime port nipple

12R P500/3

Reversible circlip pliersAll circlips 3/16 inch blade screwdriver

Spool valve setting screw

1/16 inch Allen key

Spool valve innards

‘O’ ring hooks Hand vacuum pump

Tool re-dressing Filling tool with synthetic oil after redress, and transfer nipple prior transfer For protecting internal floating piston ‘O’ rings, when installing on rod For installation of small ‘O’ rings on needle valve, and setting screws Fits vacuum pump cylinder connection

549-533 6810

86500.0.5033

Large ‘O’ ring sleeve

86500.0.5054

Small ‘O’ ring sleeve

1/4 inch plastic tube 86500.0.5065

Evacuation adapter. For void in top of PDS sample cylinders

86500.0.5034

86500.0.5035 86500.0.5039

Needle valve body installerFor compression of

Needle valve body installer rod piston Spool valve bush extractor

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posi-lok pin, and installation of fixed piston For final positioning of fixed Wire hook for extraction of spool valve bushes

September/07 Technical Support Manual

86500.0.5040

Large ‘T’ bar

86500.0.5041

Small ‘T’ bar

86500.0.5042

Large funnel

86500.0.5044

1/8 inch allen key

86500.0.5045

Transfer nipple

8700.0.5022-3

Prime port nipple

86500.0.5055

Back-up ring former

86500.0.5064

Sample cylinder adapter

Rev 1.01 SPS 2

Extracting needle valve body and choke removal Removal of air chamber plug For filling sample chamber with synthetic For prime port plug, and FTU Connects PDS tool to fixed piston Connects hand pump to prime port For forming needle valve body back-up rings before insertion into needle valve body 1/4inch male x 1/8inch female autoclave, for 10k sample cylinder valves For FTU, and clamping air and sample chamber bodies For holding coiled liners whilst undoing their fittings For removal of the choke from its housing

Tool body clamp

Slotted Plate Pulling Tool

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APPENDIX 2

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APPENDIX 3 FTU Valve Functions

V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9

V11

Isolates relevant side of system whilst performing sample validation Returns control valve. To be kept closed when using SPS tools. Tank isolation valve Allows transfer fluid into CVD (Constant Volume Device) Allows transfer fluid to exit the CVD Isolates Shipping Cylinder and CVD from rest of system. Keep closed. Not normally used except in case of leakage to pump When open allows Shipping Cylinder to be pressurised, closed for transfer Isolates sample chamber from FTU

V12

Bleed valve, used when heating a sample.

V10

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APPENDIX 4 Low Pressure / Low Temperature Tests Performed On Expro PDS Samplers The following tests were carried out in order to try to define, more accurately, the fill times required for low pressure and low temperature wells. Test 1 PDS/SPS 236 Choke: Prime Pressure: N2 Pressure: Temperature: Sample Pressure: Pressure Relief Valve Setting Fill Time

MkIV LP (With Dart) 300 psi 3500 psi 43°C/110°F 1700 psi 1800>1260 psi 28 minutes

Test 2 PDS/SPS 236 Choke: Prime Pressure: N2 Pressure: Temperature: Sample Pressure: Pressure Relief Valve Setting Fill Time

MkIV LP (Without Dart) 30 psi 3500 psi 43°C/110°F 1700 psi 2400>1900 psi 4 minutes

Test 3 PDS/SPS 236 Choke: Prime Pressure: N2 Pressure: Temperature: Sample Pressure: Pressure Relief Valve Setting Fill Time

MkIII LP (Without Dart) 30 psi 3500 psi 43°C/110°F 1700 psi 2400>1900 psi 5 minutes 68

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Test 4 PDS/SPS 194 Choke: Prime Pressure: N2 Pressure: Temperature: Sample Pressure: Pressure Relief Valve Setting Fill Time

MkIV LP (Without Dart) 30 psi 3500 psi 18°C/62°F 1700 psi 2350>1860 psi 8 minutes

Test 5 PDS/SPS 194 Choke: Prime Pressure: N2 Pressure: Temperature: Sample Pressure: Pressure Relief Valve Setting Fill Time

MkIV LP (With Dart) 300 psi 3500 psi 18°C/62°F 1700 psi 1780>1310 psi 54 minutes

Test 6 PDS/SPS 236 Choke: Prime Pressure: N2 Pressure: Temperature: Sample Pressure: Pressure Relief Valve Setting Fill Time

MkIV LP (Without Dart) 30 psi 3500 psi 43°C/110°F 1700 psi 2400>1900 psi 3.5 minutes

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APPENDIX 5

TRANSFER HEATING PROCEDURE SAFETY CHECK LIST The following checklist must be completed by the onsite Engineer for EACH sample chamber, immediately prior to commencing heated transfers. Sample Chamber Heater s/n :..........

Bottom Hole Sample Chamber s/n :..........

Prior to switching on Heater: 1*.

Check Prime Port Valve Stem V1 on Sample Chamber is open.

2.

Check V6, V9, V10, V11, the Snubber Valve on the FTU and the valve on the bottom of the Sample Cylinder are OPEN.

3.

Check V4, V5, V7, V8 and V12 on the FTU are CLOSED.

4.

Note Sample Pressure and Temperature prior to heating.

5.

Switch on heater, pre-set to transfer temperature - Reservoir Temperature or 100°C, whichever is the LOWER.

6.

If sample pressure does not rise with temperature STOP heating, switch off heater and repeat steps 1-6.

7a*.

SPS Only if pressure still does not rise with temperature, STOP heating, switch off heater.

Opening Psig............. Opening °F/C.............

Close Prime Port sub valve stem V1 and bleed off pressure on FTU. or 7b.

8.

PDS Only If pressure still does not rise with temperature, STOP heating, switch off heater, and bleed off pressure on FTU. Secure area and consult with Supervisor.

Transfer satisfactorily completed by Comments

:(Name)..............................(Signed)..........................Date..............

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APPENDIX 6 BOTTOM HOLE / WELLHEAD SAM PLE

Re v. 7

Client:

Well No:

Test:

Rig:

Field:

Perfs:

Sample No:

Cylinder No:

IDENTIFICATION

FINAL TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

Sample Nature

:

Sample Cylinder Type

:

Date of Sampling

:

Volume of Cylinder

:

Sampling Depth

:

Sample Volume

:

Time Fired

:

Volume H2O removed f or Gas Cap

:

Sampler Type/Number

:

Volume H20 lef t in Cylinder

:

Sampler Volume

:

Final Pressure

:

Final Temperature

:

COUPLED WITH SAMPLES

TRANSFER CONDITIONS Apparent Opening Pressure

:

At Temperature

:

Transf er Method

:

Transf er Duration

:

At Pressure

:

At Temperature

:

Apparent Bubble Point Pressure

:

At Temperature

:

Sample No.

in Cylinder No.

PRODUCTION CONDITIONS DURING SAMPLING Bottom Hole Pressure

:

Gas prodn. rate st std. conditions

:

Bottom Hole Temperature

:

Gas gravity (Air = 1)

:

at Depth

:

Gas line pressure

:

Date/Time

:

Gas line temperature

:

Fpv (supercompressibility f actor)

:

Wellhead Pressure

:

Fb (basic orif ice f actor)

:

Wellhead Temperature

:

Stock tank oil prodn. rate at std. conditions

:

Corrected by (shrinkage tester or tank)

:

Separator Pressure

:

Shrinkage f actor used

:

Separator Temperature

:

Separator oil production rate

:

Meter f actor used

:

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

:

Oil gravity at 60 deg F

:

Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)

:

Oil line temperature

:

Base Sediment & Water (BS&W)

:

STANDARD CONDITIONS

Water production rate at separator conds.

:

Separator gas oil ratio

(GOR)

:

Separator condensate gas ratio

(CGR)

:

Stock tank gas oil ratio

(GOR)

:

(CGR)

:

Pressure

:

Stock tank condensate gas ratio

Temperature

:

Well producing through choke size

:

Time elapsed since stabilisation

:

Well Testing Company

:

Sam ple take n by:

COMMENTS

Production conditions s upplie d by We ll Te s t Com pany/Clie nt

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APPENDIX 7

QAD 065 Re v. 5

SAM PLE LISTING Client:

Well No:

Field:

Test:

Rig:

Job No:

Sample No.

Test No.

Time

Date

Nature

Sampling Points

Container Description/ Sample Volume

72

Cylinder No.

Comments

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APPENDIX 8 PREPARATION OF THE SPS MK2 TOOL FOR RUNNING IN HOLE Checks to make when taking the tool out of the box 1)

Check that the ends of the fixed and floating pistons are visible through the sample ports.

2)

Check that the needle valve in the fixed piston is fully closed.

3)

Check that the P-stop is not collapsed.

4)

Use the hand vacuum pump to check that the sample chamber is full of buffer oil.

5)

Check that the sure lock operates correctly.

6)

Install the choke assembly, making reference to the choke selection chart.

7)

If necessary (i.e. using the .062” High Pressure Front) reset the relief valve.

8)

Ensure that the pressure bleed port on the air chamber is fully closed.

9)

Check that the stinger is fully out.

10) Check the trigger mechanism. After assembling the sample, air and nitrogen chambers 1) Open V2. Evacuate the nitrogen chamber using the hand vacuum pump. Close V2. 2) Attach the Nitrogen pump. Open V2. Charge the Nitrogen chamber to the pressure indicated by the ‘Z’ factor software (commonly +/- 1500 psi above bottom hole pressure). Close V2. Disconnect the nitrogen pump. Note: Steps 1 and 2 can be carried out prior to assembling the tool. 3)

Remove the plug from the Prime Port valve and attach the Enerpac pump. Give the pump about 7 strokes to flush buffer oil through the air chamber liner.

4) Set the spool valve and pressure test the tool to 4500 psi for 10 minutes. (It may be necessary to bleed off and re-pressure several times in order to expel all the air). 5) When a satisfactory pressure test has been obtained, bleed the pressure down to +/- 1000 psi. Attach the trigger assembly, clock housing and clock and fire the tool using the clock. Watch the gauge and ensure that the pressure drops slowly. 6) Set the spool valve again and apply suitable prime pressure to the buffer oil (refer to the Prime Pressure Chart.)

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7) With the Enerpac pump still attached, open V2 and V1 and observe the gauge on the pump. If the pressure rises, it means that the Nitrogen has crossed over, and the Nitrogen stem will need to be redressed.

8) Close the prime port valve, bleed off the pressure and disconnect the Enerpac pump. Leave V1

and V2 open.

9) Attach the trigger assembly and the clock housing. Set the clock delay time, taking into account

rigging up time, pressure testing of the lubricator, running in hole at a maximum of 180

ft/min and having the tool on depth 30 minutes before firing. 10) Install the clock in the housing and attach the fishing neck all the way by hand in order not to damage the the trigger should the clock not be properly aligned. 11) Back off the spool valve setting screw

Preparing the Shipping Bottle

1) Remove the N2 fill plug, open the blue valve and evacuate the N2 chamber with the hand vacuum pump. 2) Pressure up the N2 chamber of the shipping bottle to 2000 psi above the expected Bottom hole pressure. Close the blue valve, disconnect the N2 pump and replace the fill plug.

Preparing the FTU

1) Mount the SPS bottle in the stand attached to the side of the FTU. 2) Remove the ¼” NPT plugs and install the ¼”NPT / ¼” slimline autoclave crossovers to the top and bottom valves of the shipping bottle. 3) Attach an autoclave hose from the FTU to the bottom of the shipping bottle. Pressure test the hose.

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On Retrieval of the Tool

1) Check that the pozi lok pin is showing at the bottom of the sample chamber. 2) Close V1 and V2. Attach the 15,000 psi gauge to the N2 fill port. Open V2 and record the pressure as the opening pressure of the tool. Close V2 and remove gauge. 3) Split the tool between V1 and V2. 4) Bleed pressure from the N2 and air chambers. Retrieve clock and return to box. 5) Remove tandem sub/bullnose and install safety sub. 6) Slide sample chamber into heater. 7) Install transfer head on sample chamber, attach the autoclave hose and flush before tightening. 8) Connect the sampler to the shipping bottle with the nipple provided. 9) With the top bottle valve open, evacuate the top of the sample bottle. (This is the only integrity test available on the transfer nipple). 10) Open the bottom (red) valve on the shipping bottle. Apply reservoir pressure + 1500 psi to the to the shipping bottle. (Snubber, V4, V6, V9 and V10 open and V5, V7, V8 and V12 closed). 11) With V6, V7, V9, V10, V11 and the snubber valve open and V4, V5, V8 and V12 closed, apply reservoir pressure +1500 psi to the sample chamber. 12) Set the air regulator on the FTU so that the pump starts stroking as soon as any pressure drop is seen. 13) Ensure that the valves on the FTU are as in section 11, then slowly crack open V1. A slight pressure drop will be seen but the pump will kick in to maintain the pressure. 14) Slowly crack open the needle valve in the end of the fixed piston. Again, a pressure drop will be seen but the pump will compensate. Open the top valve on the shipping bottle. 15) At this point, the heater can be switched on. Remember to monitor the pressure increase on the FTU gauges and bleed down as necessary through the atmospheric bleed valve (V12). Heat the sample to 100ºC or reservoir temperature whichever is lower.

Note: If no increase in pressure is noted after 5 minutes, then switch off the heater and check that all relevant valves are open. If still no increase, then switch heater off and consult supervisor.

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16) When the pressure on the gauge has stabilised, the transfer can begin. 17) Ensure that the bottom valve on the shipping bottle is open and that there is a plastic hose attached to the open line below V8 directed into a measuring cylinder. 18) Crack open valve V8 to start the transfer process. Control the transfer speed using the air regulator and valve V8. Try to maintain a constant pressure throughout the transfer. 19) After 500c of water / glycol has been collected in the measuring cylinder, slow down the rate of transfer. This is because, although the volume of the sample chamber is 600cc, the sample volume can be significantly less than that due to gas in the sample. The higher the GOR, the lower the sample volume. 20) The transfer is finished when the pressure on the left hand gauge goes up and that on the right hand gauge goes down. Immediately close V8 then back off the air regulator. 21) Close the top valve on the shipping bottle. 22) Open the yellow crossover valve on the bottom of the shipping bottle and record the pressure shown on the FTU gauge. 23) Close the bottom (red ) valve on the shipping bottle and disconnect bottle from the FTU. 24) Replace the plugs in the top and bottom valves of the shipping bottle. 25) Before putting the bottle in its box, ensure that the blue fill valve is closed. Attach the 15000 psi gauge to the fill port and open the blue valve. Record this pressure as the final pressure in the bottle. If necessary, top up the nitrogen section, close the blue valve, disconnect the nitrogen pump and open the yellow crossover valve. 26) Complete the paperwork.

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September/07 Technical Support Manual

Rev 1.01 SPS 2

APPENDIX 10 Tool Failure Checklist If the tool should fail to operate, do the following (as soon as possible) 1) Screw in the trigger locking screw to lock the spool valve in place. 2) Close V1 and V2. Remove the N2 fill plug and install the N2 pressure gauge. Open V2 and note the nitrogen pressure. Open V1 and record the difference (if any). 3) Close V1 and V2. Remove the pressure gauge and replace the plug. 4) Attach the enerpac pump to the prime port sub. Open the prime port nipple and note the buffer oil pressure in the tool. 5) Unscrew the top nipple (fishing neck). Remove the clock and check that it has wound down completely. (Note the result). Remove the clock and unscrew the trigger setting screw. 6) Using the setting tool, note the position of the spool valve. 7) Note the position of the fixed piston. 8) Open the pressure release plug on the air chamber and note the pressure. (i.e. no pressure, high pressure, etc.) Drain the air chamber and measure the volume of Mobil 1 recovered. 9) If ‘O’ rings are removed, keep them in a labelled plastic bag and return them to the Expro sampling workshop. 10) Note how the tool was set up (i.e. clock delay, buffer oil prime pressure, nitrogen prime pressure, choke selection PRV setting. Also note well, run and fluid details. 11) When cleaning the sampler, note any damage or anything unusual that you notice. The above information will be used in an endeavour to find the reason for the failure and to prevent a recurrence.

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