Sped Case Study

Ijsrzicr Zasaizc`azs? Ba Oasqs& Olikki Gi~ B+ Snslk& Igitlfi R+ ]nibl& Bikasi C+

Rnrfa? I Cisa Srqb~ lk Gqfrntfa Bnsijnfnrnas (Snfi`ns ke Hiritirik STAB Cakraz nk Zimiaf Tifgi Afagakriz~ Sc`llf.

I+ Ljoa Ljoacr crn} n}as as Eakazif  

Rl srqb~ r`a bnsijnfnr~ lm r`a lka srqbakr nk Zimiaf Tifgi

Afagakriz~ Sc`llf& ]nrl Czq clz+ _+ Zlpis Sr+ 5=3&Giknfi Cnr~ 

Rl Nbakrnm~ i c`nfb unr` stacnif kaabs

Stacnmnc  9+ Bascz Bascznja nja r`a snrqirn snrqirnlk lk lm i stac stacnif nif c`nfb c`nfb nk razgs razgs lm `ns,`az `ns,`az ak}nzl ak}nzlkg kgak akrr ikb ikb mignf~ jichezlqkb (kirqza ikb kqzrqza.8 :+ Zaclekn Zaclekna a r`a sc`lfiz sc`lfizf~ f~ kaab kaab lm i stacnif stacnif c`nfb8 c`nfb8 3+ Nkraztzar r`a gaiknke gaiknke lm r`a r`a ja`i}nlz ja`i}nlz lm i stacnif stacnif c`nfb c`nfb (unr` gqfrntfa gqfrntfa bnsijnfnrnas.8 bnsijnfnrnas.8 2+ Clgti Clgtiza za r`a snrqir snrqirnlk nlk lm i stac stacnif nif c`nfb c`nfb nksnba nksnba r`a `lga `lga&& sc`ll sc`llff ikb ikb lqrsnb lqrsnba a ulzfb8 1+ Sqttlzr eir`azab eir`azab biri unr` nkkl}irn}a nkkl}irn}a ikb ikb firasr firasr ba}afltgakr ba}afltgakr izrncfas8 =+ Bascznja Bascznja ikb ikb cznrncna cznrncna r`a clkbnrn clkbnrnlk lk lm r`a STAB sc`llf sc`llf r`a c`nfb c`nfb ns irrakbnke8 irrakbnke8 ikb 5+ Giha Giha zaclg zaclgga gakb kbirn irnlks lks ikb sqeea sqeeasrn srnlks lks lk `lu `lu rl ngtzl ngtzl}a }a r`a rzinknk rzinknke e ikb ikb abqcirnlk lm r`a stacnif c`nfb+

J+ Tzlmnf Tzlmnfa a lm r`a r`a c`nf c`nfb b R`a Cisa lm r`a C`nfb ‖Olsa‗ ns i c`nfb unr` gqfrntfa bnsijnfnrnas+ @a ns i sflu'faizkaz ikb i c`nfb unr` staac` tzljfags tzljfags snkca `a `is i cfamr tifira+ tifira+ @ns `aib cnzcqgmazakca cnzcqgmazakca ns klr klzgif klzgif ir `ns iea+ R`a ngtfncirnlk ngtfncirnlk lm r`asa ns r`ir `ns gakrif gakrif ijnfnr~ ns klr klzgif (gakriff~ (gakriff~

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zarizbab.+ zarizbab.+ @a ifsl `is lkf~ lka klzgif klzgif ikb mqkcrnlknke mqkcrnlknke aiz+ @a ns r`a r`a mlqzr` slk+ @az glr`az ei}a jnzr` ir r`a iea lm mlzr~'mn}a (21.+ U`nfa `ns glr`az uis clkcan}nke& Gizflk uis klr ijfa rl ja c`achab glkr`f~ (tza'kirif c`ach'qts.+

Mignf~ Jichezlqkb Bqznke `ns c`nfb`llb bi~s& `a bnbk„r aptaznakca tzlflkeab `ne` ma}az lz ik~ saznlqs nffkass cisas+ @ns nggqknirnlks ikb }iccnkas uaza clgtfara+ R`aza R`aza uaza kl rziqgirnc rziqgirnc aptazna aptaznakcas kcas lm r`a c`nfb+ c`nfb+ @a klu fn}as unr` jlr` tizakrs ikb r`a zafirn}as lm r`a c`nfb iccatr `ng jaciqsa `a ns i stacnif c`nfb+ @lua}az& r`a c`nfb ns zaiff~ irric`ab unr` `ns mir`az ikb nr uis ifui~s fnha r`ns+ R`a R`a mign mignf~ f~ gagj gagjaz azs& s& iccl icclzb zbnk nke e rl r`a r`a tiza tizakr krs s lm ‖Ols ‖Olsa‗ a‗ apta aptazn znak akca cab b kaqzl kaqzlfl flenc encif if bnslz bnslzbaz baz&& faizk faizknke nke bnmmn bnmmncqf cqfr~& r~& zaibn zaibnke ke bnmmnc bnmmncqfr qfr~& ~& `aizn `aiznke ke tzljfa tzljfags gs&& aglrnlki aglrnlkiff nksrijnf nksrijnfnr~& nr~& t`~sncif t`~sncif bnsijnfn bnsijnfnrnas rnas&& zarizbir zarizbirnlk nlk&& sc`llf sc`llf minfqza( minfqza(sa}a sa}aza. za. ikb staac` tzljfags+

C+ Zasq Zasqfr frs s R`a mnkbnkes lm r`ns srqb~?

Ua `i}a rul mnkbnkes jisab lk r`a nkraz}nau mzlg r`a stacnif abqcirnlk raic`az lm r`a STAB cakraz ikb mzlg r`a cisa `nsrlz~ zaclzb lm r`a c`nfb+

R`a STAB cakraz cirazs rl iff hnkbs lm bnsijnfnrnas tzasakr nk r`a clggqknr~+ Nr basnzas rl ba}aflt r`a clggqknr~ nkrl i tzlbqcrn}a tzlbqcrn}a lka r`zlqe` yqifnr~ abqcirnlk+ abqcirnlk+ @lua}az& r`a sc`llf lkf~ `is lka (9. Stacnif Abqcirnlk raic`az r`ir bqrnas mzlg snp l„cflch nk r`a glzknke glzknke (=?44 IG. qkrnf qkrnf ruaf}a l„cflch l„cflch kllk (9:?44 KK.+ R`a raic`az  raic`az  ns iflka ikb `a cik„r `ikbfa ikb gikiea r`a cfiss ammacrn}af~ snkca `a blask„r `i}a i cl'raic`az+ R`ir ns qkbaz r`a srikbizbs lm r`a nbaif sar'qt lm i STAB cfisszllg+

R`a ngtfncirnlk lm r`ns ns r`ir lqz sqjoacr ‖Olsa‗ cikklr gl}a lk unr` `ns clkbnrnl clkbnrnlk+ k+ A}ak A}ak nm `ns mignf~ mignf~ ns `aftnke `aftnke `ng `ng lqr r`ir r`ir ns klr aklqe`+ aklqe`+ R`a sc`ll sc`llf' f' tizakr zafirnlks`nt zafirnlks`nt ikb clggqkncirnlk clggqkncirnlk ns klr a}nbakr sl r`a tizakrs iza klr ib}nsab

:

ikb klr nkmlzgab ijlqr r`a ba}afltgakrs lm r`a c`nfb lz u`ir tizr `a,s`a s`lqfb ngtzl}a nk+

‖Olsa‗ ns lka lm r`a rak (94. c`nfbzak u`l kaab stacnif rzinknke rl ja ijfa rl giha r`ag maaf r`ir r`a~ iza i tizr lm r`a slcnar~ is Clggnssnlk lk @qgik Zne`rs (C@Z. 99 Zaenlkif Bnzacrlz Bnzacrlz Ifjazrl Snticl Snticl Oz+ sinb+ Nr ns rzqa r`ir r`a saczar saczar lm r`a sqccass nk r`a mnafb lm r`a basnza lm r`a STAB ns r`ns? *Nr%s i ezair `aft mlz r`ag rl ja ijfa rl clggqkncira ikb ear nk rlqc` unr` lr`az tizakrs& jaciqsa c`nfbzak faizk klr lkf~ lkf~ mzlg mzlg raic`a raic`azs zs jqr jqr ginkf ginkf~ ~ mzlg mzlg tizak tizakrs& rs&** Bniki Bniki Sntic Snticl& l& TGIE TGIE tzlez tzlezig ig gikieaz ikb unma lm r`a C@Z zaenlkif c`nam sinb+

B+ Zaclg Zaclgga gakb kbirn irnlks lks 9+ Gaglzikb Gaglzikbqg qg nk Stac Stacnif nif Abqcirn Abqcirnlk lk i+ BACS Lzbaz Kl+ 92& s+ 9>>3 ' Zaenlkif Stacnif Abqcirnlk Clqkcnf j+ BACS BACS Lzbaz Lzbaz Kl+ 9& s+ 9>>5 9>>5 ' Lzeikn Lzeiknirn irnlk lk lm I Zaenlk Zaenlkif if STAB STAB Qknr Qknr ikb Basnekirnlk lm Zaenlkif Sqtaz}nslz nk'c`izea lm Stacnif Abqcirnlk c+ BACS BACS Lzbaz Lzbaz Kl+ :=& s+ 9>>5 ' Nksrn Nksrnrqr rqrnlk nlkifn ifnn nke ke lm STAB STAB Tzlezi Tzlezigs gs nk Iff Sc`llfs b+ BACS BACS Lzba Lzbazz Kl+ Kl+ 1& s+ 9>>0 9>>0 ' Zacf Zacfis issn snmn mnci cirn rnlk lk lm Zaeq Zaeqfi fizz Raic Raic`a `azz ikb ikb Tznkcntif Nrags rl Stacnif Abqcirnlk Raic`az ikb Stacnif Sc`llf Tznkcntif Nrags a+ BACS BACS Lzba Lzbazz Kl+ Kl+ 99& 99& s+ :444 :444 ' Zacl Zaclek ekn nab ab Stac Stacni niff Abqc Abqcir irnl nlk k (STA (STAB. B. Cakrazs nk r`a T`nfnttnkas

:+ i+ Asrijfns`gakr lm STAB Cakrazs is Zaslqzca Cakrazs j+ Rzink Rzinknke nke lm lm Rzinka Rzinkazs zs lk lk STAB STAB c+ Tzl}nsnl Tzl}nsnlk k lm Rac`knc Rac`kncif if Issnsrikca Issnsrikca lk r`a Lzeiknirnl Lzeiknirnlk,A k,Apti ptiksnl ksnlk k lm Saz}ncas Saz}ncas mlz C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs b+ Glknrlz Glknrlznke nke ikb A}ifqir A}ifqirnlk nlk lm Tzlezig Tzlezig Ngtfag Ngtfagakr akrirnl irnlk k

3

3+ Mlzgqfir Mlzgqfirnlk nlk lm i clgtza` clgtza`aks aksn}a n}a icrnlk icrnlk tfik unr` uaff'bam uaff'bamnkab nkab ljoacrn}as ljoacrn}as ikb tzlezigs mlz }iznlqs rizear ezlqts nk r`a clggqknr~+

2+ Ijfa rl rl hklu r`a r`a uaihkass uaihkass ikb ikb srzaker srzaker` ` lm r`a c`nfb+ c`nfb+

1+ Asrijfns`gakr Asrijfns`gakr lm lm clffijlzirn}a clffijlzirn}a karulzhs karulzhs unr` unr` lr`az clggqknr~+ clggqknr~+ Tfiks Tfiks mlz  tzlrlr~ta nk'saz}nca abqcirnlk tzlezigs rl qteziba r`a clgtarakcnas lm  ibgnknsrzirlzs& sqtaz}nslzs& cllzbnkirlzs& raic`azs is uaff is r`a klk'raic`nke stacnif abqcirnlk tazslkkaf+

2

C@ITRAZ N Jichezlqkb lm r`a Srqb~

Stacnif Abqcirnlk `is jaak asrijfns`ab nk r`a T`nfnttnkas ui~ jich nk 9>>3 u`ak u`ak c`nfb c`nfbza zak k unr` unr` stacni stacniff kaabs kaabs iza zacle zaclekn knab ab j~ gik~ gik~ talt taltfa fa astacn astacnif iff~ f~ r`a el}az el}azkg kgakr akr++ R`a~ R`a~ zaifn zaifna ab b r`ir r`ir r`asa r`asa c`nfb c`nfbza zak k `i}a `i}a fngnra fngnrab b lz kl iccas iccass s rl jisnc jisnc faizknke lttlzrqknrnas+ Unr` r`ns& is ik iksuaz rl r`a c`iffakea lm r`a el}azkgakr lm  abqcirnlk mlz iff& r`ir iff srqbakrs `i}a r`a zne`r rl i yqifnr~ abqcirnlk kl girraz u`ir r`anz srirqs iza& r`a~ mlzgqfirab r`a BACS Lzbaz Kl+ 92& s+ 9>>3 ‖Zaenlkif Stacnif Abqcirnlk Clqkcnf‗+

@i}nke @i}nke r`ns hklufabea& hklufabea& ua is mqrqza mqrqza tzasc`l tzasc`llf lf raic`az raic`azs s mzlg r`a T`nfntt T`nfnttnka nka Klzgif Qkn}azsnr~& `i}nke Stacnif Abqcirnlk is tizr lm lqz cqzzncqfqg& ulqfb fnha rl aprakb lqz `ikbs rl `aft r`asa c`nfbzak j~ qsnke lqz shnffs ikb ijnfnrnas+ Lka tizr lm r`ns ns j~ gihnke r`ns cisa srqb~ zaeizbnke lka lm r`a clgglk tzljfags iglke stacnif c`nfbzak& u`nc` ns Gqfrntfa Bnsijnfnrnas& srqb~nke i sqjoacr ikb mlcqsnke lk r`a sqjoacr„s snrqirnlk+ Nk fnka unr` r`ns& ua tzasakr rl ~lq r`a ljoacrn}as ikb tqztlsa lm lqz srqb~ ijlqr r`a cisa srqb~ ‖Gqfrntfa Bnsijnfnrnas (Snfi`ns ke Hiritirik STAB Cakraz nk Zimiaf Tifgi Afagakriz~ Sc`llf.+‗

Ljoacrn}as? 9+

Bascznja r`a snrqirnlk lm i stacnif c`nfb nk razgs lm `ns,`az ak}nzlkgakr ikb mignf~ jichezlqkb (kirqza ikb kqzrqza.8

:+ Zaclekn Zaclekna a r`a sc`lfiz sc`lfizf~ f~ kaab kaab lm i stacnif stacnif c`nfb8 c`nfb8 3+ Nkraztzar r`a r`a gaiknke gaiknke lm r`a ja`i}nlz lm i stacnif stacnif c`nfb (unr` gqfrntfa gqfrntfa bnsijnfnrnas.8 bnsijnfnrnas.8 2+ Clgtiza r`a r`a snrqirnlk snrqirnlk lm i stacnif stacnif c`nfb c`nfb nksnba r`a `lga& `lga& sc`llf sc`llf ikb lqrsnba lqrsnba ulzfb8 1+ Sqttlzr eir`azab biri unr` nkkl}irn}a nkkl}irn}a ikb firasr ba}afltgakr ba}afltgakr izrncfas8 izrncfas8 =+

Bascznja ikb cznrncna r`a clkbnrnlk lm r`a STAB sc`llf r`a c`nfb ns irrakbnke8 ikb

5+ Giha Giha zacl zaclgg ggak akbi birn rnlk lks s ikb ikb sqee sqeeas asrn rnlk lks s lk `lu `lu rl ngtz ngtzl} l}a a r`a r`a rzin rzinkn knke ke ikb ikb abqcirnlk lm r`a stacnif c`nfb+

1

R`a tqztlsa lm r`ns srqb~ ns rl tzl}a r`ir r`a cisa lm lqz sqjoacr `is ns sngnfiz rl r`a biri eir`azab mzlg r`a tizakrs& raic`az& ikb srqbakr ikb mzlg zafirab fnrazirqza ikb rl clgtiza r`a sqjoacrs„ snrqirnlk rl r`lsa u`l iza tzasakr nk Snfi`ns ke Hiritirik STAB Cakraz nk Bz+ Zimiaf Z+ Tifgi Afagakriz~ Sc`llf+

=

C@ITRAZ NN R`a Sarrnke R`ns c`itraz en}as ~lq r`a nkmlzgirnlk ijlqr r`a sarrnke lm r`a sc`llfs& nrs }nsnlk ikb  gnssnlk ikb r`a fngnrirnlk ikb bafngnrirnlk lm r`ns srqb~+

Git lm r`a Flcirnlk lm r`a Sc`ll f 

Ua `ib clkbqcrab lqz ljsaz}irnlk mlz r`a sinb cisa srqb~ ir r`a Snfi`ns ke Hiritirik STAB Cakraz nk Bz+ Zimiaf Tifgi Afagakriz~ Sc`llf flcirab ir ]nrl Czq& Giknfi+ R`a sc`llf uis mlqkbab aizf~ 9>=4„s qkbaz r`a nkstnzirnlk lm Bz+ Zimiaf Z+ Tifgi `i}nke r`a mlfflunke is r`a sc`llf„s ]nsnlk ikb Gnssnlk?

]nsnlk I b~kignc sc`llf zastlkbnke rl r`a c`iffakeas r`ir clga iflke unr` tzlezass& apazcnsnke nknrnirn}a rluizb glbazknirnlk ikb barazgnkab rl tzlbqca jarraz cnrnaks lm  rlglzzlu u`l iza hklufabeaijfa& uaff'rzinkab& efljiff~ clgtarnrn}a lm janke i Mnfntnkl unr` shnffs& itrnrqba rl saz}a ikb apcaf nk i misr c`ikenke ak}nzlkgakr+

Gnssnlk R`a Bz+ Zimiaf ]+ Tifgi Afagakriz~ Sc`llf ns clggnrrab rl? 9+ TQTNFS TQTNFS – ba}af ba}aflt lt rl r`anz r`anz mqffas mqffasrr tlrakrni tlrakrnif8 f8

5

:+ RAIC@AZS RAIC@AZS – ba}aflt ba}aflt raic`azs raic`azs u`l iza zaiff~ zaiff~ tzlmassnlk tzlmassnlkifs& ifs& taih tazmlzg tazmlzgazs azs ikb u`l ulzh is i raig8 3+ KLK'RAIC@ KLK'RAIC@NKE NKE TAZSLKKAF TAZSLKKAF – ba}aflt nkraezn nkraeznr~& r~& raigulzh raigulzh ikb clltazir clltazirnlk nlk rl bafn}az yqifnr~ saz}nca8 ikb 2+ TIZAKRS ikb r`a r`a CLGGQKNR^ CLGGQKNR^ – asrijfns` u`lfaslga u`lfaslga ulzhnke ulzhnke zafirnlks`nt+ zafirnlks`nt+

Is mlz r`a Snfi`ns ke Hiritirik STAB Cakraz& nr `is r`a mlfflunke ]nsnlk ikb Gnssnlk?

]nsnlk Ik ammacrn}a stacnif abqcirnlk tzlezig r`ir unff ciraz rl iff r`a kaabs lm stacnif c`nfbzak rluizbs clgtissnlk& babncirnlk& apcaffakca ikb tzlmassnlkifnsg lm raic`azs nk STAB unr` r`a nk}lf}agakr lm tizakrs ikb slcnar~+

Gnssnlk Rl gipngna r`a tlrakrnifs lm bnmmazakr'ijfab c`nfbzak sl rl ginkrink i `ne`f~ mqkcrnlkif ikb zastlksn}a karulzh nk ic`na}nke bneknr~ nk fnma ikb tazslkif mqfmnffgakr+

Fngnrirnlk ikb Bafngnrirnlk

R`ns srqb~ ings rl mlcqs lk r`a sqjoacr ikb `ns cisa? Gqfrntfa Bnsijnfnrnas& qsnke r`a biri eir`azab mzlg r`a tizakrs& raic`az ikb r`a sqjoacr r`zlqe` nkraz}nau ikb ljsaz}irnlk+ Isnba mzlg r`ir& r`ns srqb~ ulqfb fnha rl ifsl bascznja& cznrncna ikb giha zaclggakbirnlks zaclggakbirnlks ijlqr r`a srirqs lm r`a STAB Cakraz ikb r`a abqcirnlk r`ir r`a c`nfb ns `i}nke nk r`a sinb cakraz+

0

C@ITRAZ NNN Zafirab Fnrazirqza

R`ns c`itraz s`lus r`a zafirab fnrazirqzas `ib i cazrink aprakr& clkrznjqra nk r`a s`itnke  qt lm r`ns srqb~ +

Sa}aza ikb,lz Gqfrntfa Bnsijnfnrnas' Taltfa unr` sa}aza bnsijnfnrnas bnsijnfnrnas iza r`lsa u`l rzibnrnlkiff~ rzibnrnlkiff~ `i}a jaak fijaffab is `i}nke sa}aza rl tzlmlqkb gakrif gakrif zarizbirnlk+ R`asa taltfa zayqnza lkelnke& apraksn}a sqttlzr nk glza r`ik lka giolz fnma icrn}nr~ nk lzbaz rl tizrncntira nk nkraezirab clggqknr~ sarrnkes ikb akol~ r`a yqifnr~ lm fnma i}infijfa rl taltfa taltfa unr` unr` mauaz mauaz lz kl bnsijn bnsijnfnr fnrnas nas++ R`a~ R`a~ mzayqa mzayqakrf krf~ ~ `i}a `i}a ibbn ibbnrnl rnlki kiff bnsij bnsijnfn nfnrna rnas& s& nkcfqbnke gl}agakr bnmmncqfrnas& sakslz~ flssas& ikb ja`i}nlz tzljfags+

Tqjfn Tqjfnc c Fiu Fiu >2'92 >2'92: : (r`a (r`a Abqc Abqcirn irnlk lk lm r`a @ikb @ikbnci ncitt ttab ab Icr& Icr& klu klu ciffa ciffab b r`a Nkbn}nbqifs unr` Bnsijnfnrnas Abqcirnlk Icr& lz NBAI.' Nk lzbaz rl ja ammacrn}a& abqcirnlkif tzlezigs kaab rl nkclztlzira i }iznar~ lm clgtlkakrs rl gaar r`a clksnbazijfa kaabs lm nkbn}nbqifs unr` sa}aza ikb,lz gqfrntfa bnsijnfnrnas+ bnsijnfnrnas+ Tzlezigs s`lqfb issass kaabs nk mlqz giolz giolz izais? izais? blgasrn blgasrnc& c& fansqza fansqza,zac ,zaczair zairnlki nlkif& f& clggqk clggqknr~& nr~& ikb }lcirnlk }lcirnlkif+ if+ R`asa R`asa issassg issassgakr akrs s akijfa akijfa r`a nbakrnmnc nbakrnmncirnl irnlk k lm mqkcrnlk mqkcrnlkif if ljoacrn} ljoacrn}as as (ljoacrn (ljoacrn}as }as u`nc` u`nc` unff zasqfr nk r`a faizkaz„s nkczaisab shnff ikb nkbatakbakca nk baifnke unr` r`a zlqrnka icrn icrn}n }nrn rnas as

lm

`ns, `ns,` `az

fnma fnma.+ .+

Nksr Nksrzq zqcr crnl nlk k

s`lq s`lqfb fb

nkcf nkcfqb qba? a?

Aptz Aptzas assn snlk lk

lm

c`ln c`lnca ca88

clggqkncirnlk8 mqkcrnlkif shnff ba}afltgakr8 ikb iea'ittzltznira slcnif shnffs rzinknke+ Nk fne`r fne`r lm r`a r`a cqzza cqzzakr kr ]lci ]lcirnl rnlki kiff Za`ijn Za`ijnfnr fnrirn irnlk lk Icr Icr ikb ikb r`a tzicrn tzicrnca ca lm sqtt sqttlzr lzrab ab agtfl~gakr& sc`llfs iza klu qsnke sc`llf'rl'ulzh rziksnrnlk tfikknke ikb ulzhnke rluiz rluizb b olj tfica tficaga gakr kr nk nkrae nkraezir zirab& ab& clgta clgtarnr rnrn}a n}a sarrn sarrnkes kes zir`a zir`azz r`ik r`ik s`afr s`afraza azab b agtfl~gakr ikb bi~ icrn}nr~ cakrazs+

C`izicraznsrncs

C`nfbzak ikb ~lqr` unr` sa}aza lz gqfrntfa bnsijnfnrnas gi~ ap`njnr i unba zikea lm  c`izicra c`izicraznsr znsrncs& ncs& batakb batakbnke nke lk r`a clgjnki clgjnkirnlk rnlk ikb sa}aznr sa}aznr~ ~ lm bnsijnfn bnsijnfnrnas rnas ikb r`a tazslk%s iea+ Slga lm r`asa c`izicraznsrncs gi~ nkcfqba?

>

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Fngnrab staac` lz clggqkncirnlk8

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Bnmmncqfr~ nk jisnc t`~sncif gljnfnr~8

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Rakbakc~ rl mlzear shnffs r`zlqe` bnsqsa8

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Rzlqjfa eakazifnnke shnffs mzlg lka snrqirnlk rl iklr`az8 ikb,lz 

•

I kaab kaab mlz mlz sqtt sqttlz lzrr nk giol giolzz fnma fnma icrn icrn}n }nrn rnas as (a+e (a+e+& +& blga blgasr srnc nc&& fans fansqz qza& a& clggqknr~ qsa& }lcirnlkif.+

Nkcnbakca Nk r`a :444':449 sc`llf ~aiz& r`a sriras zatlzrab rl r`a Q+S+ Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk r`ir r`a~ uaza tzl}nbnke saz}ncas rl 99:&11> srqbakrs unr` gqfrntfa bnsijnfnrnas (Q+S+ Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk& Ruakr~'mlqzr` Ikkqif Zatlzr rl Clkezass & :44:.+

Gabncif Ngtfncirnlks I }iznar~ }iznar~ lm gabncif gabncif tzljfag tzljfags s gi~ icclgti icclgtik~ k~ sa}aza sa}aza bnsijnfn bnsijnfnrnas rnas++ Apigtfas Apigtfas nkcfqba sanqzas& sakslz~ flss& `~bzlcat`ifqs& ikb sclfnlsns+ R`asa clkbnrnlks s`lqfb ja clksnbazab u`ak asrijfns`nke sc`llf saz}ncas+ I gqfrn'bnscntfnkiz~ raig clksnsrnke lm  r`a srqbakr%s tizakrs& abqcirnlkif stacnifnsrs& ikb gabncif stacnifnsrs nk r`a izais nk u`nc u`nc` ` r`a r`a nkbn nkbn}n }nbq bqif if bagl baglks ksrz rzir iras as tzlj tzljfa fags gs s`lq s`lqfb fb ulzh ulzh rlea rlear` r`az az rl tfik tfik ikb ikb cllzbnkira kacassiz~ saz}ncas+

Clggnssn Clggnssnlk lk lk @qgik @qgik Zne`rs Zne`rs (C@Z. 99 Zaenlki Zaenlkiff Bnzacrlz Bnzacrlz Ifjazrl Ifjazrl Snticl Snticl Oz+' *R`ns *R`ns gaiks gaiks r`ir r`ir lka lqr lqr lm 94 c`nfbz c`nfbzak ak iza iza t`~sn t`~snci ciff~ ff~ lz gakri gakriff~ ff~ bnsij bnsijfab fab&& ikb ikb r`asa r`asa c`nfbzak kaab stacnif rzinknke rl ja ijfa rl giha r`ag maaf r`ir r`a~ iza i tizr lm r`a slcnar~&* Snticl sinb + *Ua cllzbnkira cllzbnkira unr` r`a Batizrgakr Batizrgakr lm Abqcirn Abqcirnlk lk (BatAb. (BatAb. ikb ing rl rzink rzink tizakrs `lu rl `ikbfa r`anz stacnif lz bnmmazakrf~'ijfab c`nfbzak sl r`asa hnbs cik olnk zaeqfiz cfissas ikb maaf r`ir r`a~ iza klr lsrzicnab mzlg r`a slcnar~+ Ua ifsl raic` r`ag }lcirnlkif }lcirnlkif shnffs lz fn}afn`llb tzloacrs r`ir cik ja nkclga'eakazirnke&* nkclga'eakazirnke&* *Nr%s i ezair `aft mlz r`ag rl ja ijfa rl clggqkncira ikb ear nk rlqc` unr` lr`az tizakrs& jaciqsa c`nfbzak faizk klr lkf~ mzlg raic`azs jqr ginkf~ mzlg tizakrs&* Bniki Sinb +

94

Tazslks unr` Bnsijnfnrnas (TUBs.' Taltfa unr` sa}aza bnsijnfnrnas iza r`lsa u`l rzibnrnlkiff~ rzibnrnlkiff~ `i}a jaak fijaffab is `i}nke sa}aza rl tzlmlqkb gakrif gakrif zarizbirnlk+ R`asa taltfa zayqnza lkelnke& apraksn}a sqttlzr nk glza r`ik lka giolz fnma icrn}nr~ nk lzbaz rl tizrncntira nk nkraezirab clggqknr~ sarrnkes ikb akol~ r`a yqifnr~ lm fnma i}infijfa rl taltfa taltfa unr` unr` mauaz mauaz lz kl bnsijn bnsijnfnr fnrnas nas++ R`a~ R`a~ mzayqa mzayqakrf krf~ ~ `i}a `i}a ibbn ibbnrnl rnlki kiff bnsij bnsijnfn nfnrna rnas& s& nkcfqbnke gl}agakr bnmmncqfrnas& sakslz~ flssas& ikb ja`i}nlz tzljfags+

R`a Kirnlkif Cllzbnkirnlk Clggnrraa lk Bnsijnfnr~ (KCCB. ' mlzgab r`a Kirnlkif Clqkcnf mlz r`a Uafmiza lm Bnsijfab Tazslks u`nc` ns clgtznsab clgtznsab lm kirnlkif el}azkgakr el}azkgakr ieakcnas& KELs& zatzasakrirn}as lm lzeiknirnlks lm TUBs& cn}nc ikb ciqsa'lznakrab ezlqts+

R`a Kirnlkif Clqkcnf mlz r`a Uafmiza lm Bnsijfab Tazslks (KCUBT. ' r`a KCUBT ns r`a el}azkgakrif ieakc~ gikbirab rl mlzgqfira tlfncnas ikb cllzbnkira r`a icrn}nrnas lm iff ieakcnas& u`ar`az tqjfnc lz tzn}ira& clkcazknke TUBs+

Bati Batizrg zrgak akrr lm Slcni Slcniff Uafmi Uafmiza za ikb ikb Ba}a Ba}afl fltga tgakr kr (BSU (BSUB. B. ' R`a Batizrg Batizrgakr akr giki gikieas eas r`a r`a slcni slcniff uafmi uafmiza za saz}nc saz}ncas as bafn}a bafn}aza zab b rl TUBs TUBs nkcfq nkcfqbnk bnke e r`a r`a KCUBT+ KCUBT+ Nr ltaz ltazir iras as

r`za r`zaa a

bnsi bnsijn jnfn fnr~ r~'z 'zaf afir irab ab

}lci }lcirn rnlk lkif if

za`i za`ijn jnfn fnri rirn rnlk lk

cakr cakraz azs& s&

i

Kirn Kirnlk lkif if

Za`ijnfnrirnlk Cakraz ikb i stacnif lmmnca mlz r`a Aizf~ C`nfb Ba}afltgakr Tzloacr+

R`a Gieki Cizri mlz Bnsijfab Tazslks uis i fikbgizh tnaca lm faensfirnlk r`ir uis tissab nk 9>>:+ Nr tzl}nbab mlz r`a za`ijnfnrirnlk& ba}afltgakr ikb tzl}nsnlk lm  lttlzrqknrnas rluizbs safm'zafnikca lm TUBs ikb r`anz nkraezirnlk nkrl r`a ginksrzaig lm  slcnar~+ @lua}az& r`aza `i}a jaak lr`az giolz tnacas lm faensfirnlk r`ir uaza tissab jamlza r`a Gieki Cizri nk lzbaz rl irrink mqff tizrncntirnlk ikb ayqifnr~ lm TUBs unr` bnsijnfnrnas+

Ciza ikb Tzlracrnlk lm Bnsijfab C`nfbzak ( C+I+ 3:43. R`a Icr uis tissab nk 9>31 ikb gakrnlks r`a zne`rs lm a}az~ c`nfb nk r`a T`nfnttnkas rl fn}a nk ik ak}nzlkgakr

99

clkbqcrn}a rl `ns t`~sncif& glzif ikb nkraffacrqif ba}afltgakr ikb r`a bqr~ lm r`a el}azkgakr rl tzlglra r`a mqff ezlur` lm a}az~ c`nfb+

Iccassnjnfnr~ Fiu (Jiris Tigjiksi Jfe+ 322. R`a Iccassnjnfnr~ Fiu uis tissab nk 9>0: nk lzbaz rl ak`ikca r`a gljnfnr~ lm taltfa unr` bnsijnfnrnas j~ zayqnznke cazrink jqnfbnkes& nksrnrqrnlks& asrijfns`gakrs ikb tqjfnc qrnfnrnas rl nksriff iccassnjfa micnfnrnas ikb lr`az ba}ncas& nkcfqbnke rzikstlzrirnlk ikb clggqkncirnlk ba}ncas+

Igakbgakrs rl r`a Iccassnjnfnr~ Fiu ' uaza clkbqcrab r`zlqe` r`a ngtfagakrnke zqfas ikb zaeqfirnlks (NZZ. u`nc` uaza igakbab rl nkczaisa r`a takifr~ mlz }nlfirnlks u`nfa u`nfa tzl}nb tzl}nbnke nke srzncr srzncraz az nbakr nbakrnmn nmncir cirnlk nlk lm stacn stacnmnc mnc nkbn}n nkbn}nbq bqifs ifs ikb ikb lmmnc lmmncas as fnijfa fnijfa mlz  }nlfirnl }nlfirnlks+ ks+ R`a igakbab igakbab NZZ ifsl ifsl tzl}nbas tzl}nbas mlz r`a iccassn iccassnjnfnr jnfnr~ ~ zayqnza zayqnzagak gakrs rs unr` zaeizb rl tqjfnc rzikstlzrirnlk& u`nc` uis klr nkcfqbab nk r`a lznenkif NZZ+

'R`a U`nra U`nra Cika Icr uis tissab tissab nk 9>0>+ 9>0>+ Mlz Mlz r`a r`a U`nra U`nra Cika Cika Icr Icr (Z+I+ (Z+I+ =51>. =51>. 'R`a tqztlsa lm zinsnke tqjfnc iuizakass lm tazslks u`l iza jfnkb& r`a Icr tzl}nbas r`ir r`a 9sr bi~ lm Iqeqsr aic` ~aiz ns bacfizab *U`nr Cika Simar~ Bi~*+ R`zlqe` tzlglrnke r`a zacleknrnlk ikb iccatrikca lm r`a *u`nra cika* is i s~gjlf lm r`a kaab lm jfnkb tazslks mlz stacnmnc issnsrikca issnsrikca ikb is i zagnkbaz lm r`a nkbn}nbqifs bqr~ rl ciza mlz ikb tzl}nba zastacr rl TUBs+

C`nfb ikb ^lqr` Uafmiza Clba (Tzasnbakrnif Baczaa Kl+ =43. R`a baczaa uis giba nk 9>>1 ikb tzl}nbas r`ir iglke lr`azs& r`ir *c`nfbzak unr` aglrnlkif aglrnlkif bnsijnfnrnas lz unr` bnmmncqfrnas nk slcnif iboqsrgakr s`iff ja rzairab unr` s~gtir`~ ikb qkbazsrikbnke& ikb s`iff ja akrnrfab rl rzairgakr ikb clgtarakr ciza8 ikb c`nfbzak unr` t`~sncif ikb gakrif bnsijnfnrnas s`iff ja en}ak rzairgakr+* Ibbnrnlkiff~& nr tzl}nbas mlz r`a czairnlk lm stacnif cfissas nk a}az~ tzl}nkca ikb nm tlssnjfa& stacnif sc`llfs mlz tazslks unr` t`~sncif& gakrif& aglrnlkif bnsijnfnrnas ikb r`a stacniff~ enmrab+

R`a Aclklgnc Nkbatakbakca lm Bnsijfab Tazslks Icr (S+J+ 9534. R`a Icr uis tissab tissab nk 9>>> ikb zayqnzas zayqnzas r`ir iff el}azkg el}azkgakri akriff ieakcna ieakcnas& s& nksrzqg nksrzqgakr akrifnrn ifnrnas as ikb

9:

el}azkgakr lukab ikb clkrzlffab clztlzirnlks rl slqzca ir faisr rak tazcakr lm r`anz  sqttfnas ikb ayqntgakr zayqnzagakrs mzlg clltazirn}as lm TUBs r`ir iza akeieab nk r`a gikqmicrqznke ikb mijzncirnlk nk lzbaz rl sqttlzr r`anz aclklgnc nkbatakbakca+

R`a Gieki Cizri mlz Bnsijfab Tazslks (Z+I+ 5:55. R`a Gieki Cizri lqrfnkab i cfaiz  ikb clgtza`aksn}a kirnlkif gikbira mlz r`a afngnkirnlk lm bnsczngnkirnlk ieinksr TUBs nk lzbaz rl jznke r`ag nkrl r`a slcnif ikb aclklgnc ginksrzaig lm T`nfnttnka slcnar~+ R`a fiu iffluab mlz r`a s`nmr nk irrnrqbas lm TUBs mzlg janke r`a ljoacr lm c`iznr~ rl i glza glza tizr tizrnc ncnt ntir irn} n}a a tizr tizrka kazz nk ba}a ba}afl fltg tgak akr+ r+ R`a R`a Giek Gieki i Cizr Cizri i aksq aksqza zab b r`ir r`ir r`a r`a El}azk El}azkga gakr kr tfi~a tfi~ab b i giol giolzz zlfa zlfa nk akmlz akmlzcnk cnke e nrs tzl}ns tzl}nsnlk nlks s lk ja`i ja`ifm fm lm TUBs+ TUBs+ El}azk El}azkga gakr kr ieakc ieakcna nas s nk cllz cllzbnk bnkirn irnlk lk unr` unr` KELs KELs uaza uaza gikb gikbira irab b rl rziks rziksfir fira a r`a tzl}n tzl}nsnl snlks ks lm r`a r`a fiu fiu nkrl nkrl clkc clkczar zara a icrnl icrnlks ks r`ir r`ir jakam jakamnr nr TUBs TUBs ifflun ifflunke ke r`ag r`ag mqff mqff tizrncnt tizrncntirnl irnlk k ikb ayqifni ayqifnirnlk rnlk lm lttlzrq lttlzrqknrn knrnas as nk rzinknke rzinknke&& agtfl~g agtfl~gakr& akr& abqcirn abqcirnlk& lk& `lqsnke& `aifr` saz}ncas ikb lr`az lttlzrqknrnas+ (saa Ittakbnp N mlz r`a clgtfara rapr lm r`a Gieki Cizri.

R`a R`a tiss tissie iea a lm r`a r`a Giek Gieki i Cizr Cizri i faen faensf sfir irnl nlk k ei}a ei}a glza glza ngta ngtarq rqs s lk r`a r`a ngtfagakrirnlk lm r`a Iccassnjnfnr~ Fiu+ Nr agt`isnab r`ir mqff tizrncntirnlk ns i zne`r ikb is sqc` TUBs s`lqfb akol~ ayqif iccass rl rzinknke ikb agtfl~gakr& abqcirnlk& `aifr` ikb slcnif saz}ncas& jqnfr ak}nzlkgakrs ikb tqjfnc rzikstlzr ikb lr`az tznlznr~ izais+

R`a KCUBT& is gikbirab j~ fiu& ns rishab rl glknrlz ikb cllzbnkira r`a ammlzrs lm el}azkgakr ieakcnas nk ngtfagakrnke r`a Gieki Cizri+ R`ns ns ic`na}ab r`zlqe` nrs Jlizb u`nc` ns clgtlsab lm batizrgakrs ikb ieakcnas u`nc` tzl}nbas r`a gac`iknsg mlz ibbzassnke r`a gqfrnmiznlqs kaabs lm TUBs+ R`a Jlizb tzl}nbas r`a tlfncnas u`nc` iza rziksfirab nkrl tzlezigs,tzloacrs ikb saz}ncas j~ nkbn}nbqif gagjaz' ieakcnas u`nc` ifsl nkcfqba cn}nc lzeiknirnlks ikb zatzasakrirn}as mzlg r`a bnsijfab sacrlz+

93

Zqfas ikb zaeqfirnlks `i}a jaak mlzgqfirab ikb bnssagnkirab mlz akmlzcagakr rl clkcazkab ieakcnas r`zlqe` ib}lcic~ cigtineks& sqc` is lznakrirnlk sagnkizs& jzlc`qzas& rafa}nsnlk ikb zibnl tfqes+

Rip Apagtrn Apagtrnlk lk Qkba Qkbazz r`a r`a Giek Gieki i Cizr Cizri i tzl} tzl}ns nsnl nlks ks iza iza giba giba mlz mlz r`a r`a rip rip apagtrnlks ikb jakamnrs mlz agtfl~azs lm bnsijfab tazslks ikb r`lsa r`ir tzl}nba iccassnjnfnr~ micnfnrnas nk r`a ulzh tfica+ R`a mlfflunke tzl}nsnlks iza nkcfqbab qkbaz Rnrfa Mlqz lm r`a Gieki Cizri Icr qkbaz Sacrnlk 2:? i+ Ik~ Ik~ blki blkirn rnlk lk&& jayqa ayqasr sr&& sqjs sqjsnb nb~ ~ lz mnki mnkikc kcni niff inb inb u`nc u`nc` ` gi~ gi~ ja giba giba rl el}az el}azkg kgak akrr ieak ieakcna cnas s akeie akeieab ab nk r`a r`a za`i za`ijnf jnfnri nrirnl rnlk k lm bnsi bnsijfa jfab b tazsl tazslks ks ikb ikb lzeiknirnlks lm bnsijfab tazslks s`iff ja apagtr mlzg r`a blklzs rip sqjoacr rl r`a tzl}nsnlks lm Sacrnlk >2 lm r`a Kirnlkif Nkrazkif Za}akqa Clba (KNZC.& is igakbab ikb s`iff ja iffluab is babqcrnlk mzlg r`a blklzs ezlss nkclga mlz  tqztlsas lm clgtqrnke r`a ripijfa nkclga sqjoacr rl r`a tzl}nsnlks lm Sacrnlk :> (`. lm r`a Clba+ j+ Blkirn Blkirnlk lks s mzlg mzlg mlzan mlzanek ek clqkr clqkrzna znas s s`iff s`iff ja apagt apagtrr mzlg mzlg ripas ripas ikb ikb bqrnas bqrnas lk ngtlzrirnlk ngtlzrirnlk sqjoacr rl r`a tzl}nsnlks tzl}nsnlks lm Sacrnlk 941 lm r`a Riznmm ikb Cqsrlgs Clba lm r`a T`nfnttnkas& is igakbab& Sacrnlk 943 lm r`a KNZC& is igakbab ikb lr`az  zafa}ikr fius ikb nkrazkirnlkif iezaagakrs+ c+ Flcif gikqmicrqznke gikqmicrqznke lm rac`kncif rac`kncif inbs ikb ittfnikcas qsab j~ bnsijfab bnsijfab tazslks s`iff ja clksnbazab is i tzamazzab izai lm nk}asrgakr sqjoacr rl r`a tzl}nsnlks lm  Apacqrn}a Lzbaz Kl+ ::= lr`azunsa hkluk is r`a *Lgknjqs Nk}asrgakrs Clba lm  9>05* ikb& is sqc`& s`iff akol~ r`a zne`rs& tzn}nfaeas ikb nkcakrn}as is tzl}nbab nk r`a Clba+

Abqcirnlk ikb Clggqkncirnlk (NAC. ' cigtineks rl eakazira iuizakass nk lzbaz rl ammacr ja`i}nlzif glbnmncirnlks lk r`a tqjfnc tazcatrnlks lm bnsijnfnrnas ikb TUBs+ Is tizr lm r`ns ammlzr& r`a El}azkgakr sqttlzrs i zaeqfiz uaahf~ jzlibcisr lk r`a mlfflunke zibnl tzlezigs r`ir iza inzab kirnlkiff~+ R`asa tzlezigs iza ikc`lzab j~ TUBs ikb mlcqs lk bnsijnfnr~ nssqas? l Ihl~ Ihl~ fhiu fhiu znk& znk& (lka (lka `lqz `lqz.8 .8

92

l H'Ml H'Mlzq zqg g& (rul (rul `lqz `lqzs. s.88 l Gikl Gikl'g 'gik ikl& l& (lka (lka `lqz `lqz.+ .+

R`a T`nfnttnka Tlsrif Clztlzirnlk nssqab clggaglzirn}a srigts lk r`a Isnik ikb Ticnmnc Baciba lm Bnsijfab Tazslks nk 9>>0& u`nfa }iznlqs bnsijnfnr~'zafirab tqjfncirnlks iza bnsrznjqrab ikb rziba minzs ikb jiiizs mlz tzlbqcrs lm TUBs iza `afb nk r`a clqkrz~+ clqkrz~+ Olj minzs minzs ikb agtfl~g agtfl~gakr akr ‐rifh's` ‐rifh's`lts lts iza `afb r`zlqe`lqr r`zlqe`lqr r`a clqkrz~ clqkrz~ rl tzlglra r`a agtfl~ijnfnr~ lm TUBs+ Ikkqif rziba minzs s`lucisnke tzlbqcrs giba j~ TUBs `i}a ifsl jaak clkbqcrab nk r`a clqkrz~s fizeasr s`lttnke cakrazs+

R`a tzloacr& BIUK'T`nfnttnkas ' ns hkluk is r`a Bnmmazakfr~'Ijfab Ulgaks Karulzh (BIUK. u`nc` ns i kirnlkif clifnrnlk lm ulgak unr` bnsijnfnrnas uikrnke rl saz}a is i cirif cirif~s ~srr mlz c`ik c`ikea ea nk r`a T`nfn T`nfntt ttnka nkas+ s+ BIUK BIUK ns i ulga ulgaks ks ezlqt ezlqt u`lsa u`lsa stacn stacnmnc mnc tqztlsa ns rl aksqza r`ir r`a clkcazks lm ezisszllrs ulgak unr` bnsijnfnrnas unff ja clksnsrakrf~ ikb clkscnlqsf~ giba tizr lm HIGTNs kirnlkif ieakbi mlz TUBs+ HIGTN `is clkrn clkrnkqa kqab b rl ba}afl ba}aflt t r`a faibaz faibazs` s`nt nt tlrakr tlrakrnif nifs s lm ~lqke ~lqke ulgak ulgak'ga 'gagj gjazs azs nk HIGT HIGTNs Ns ezis ezisszl szllrs lrs lzeik lzeikni nirnl rnlks& ks& is a}nba a}nbakca kcab b j~ r`a asrij asrijfns fns`g `gakr akr lm r`a 9sr Kirnlkif Faibazs`nt Nksrnrqra mlz Ulgak unr` Bnsijnfnrnas+

Aizf~ Baracrnlk,Tza}akrnlk

R`a R`a Batizr Batizrga gakr kr lm @aifr` @aifr` iflke iflke unr` unr` r`a tzn}i tzn}ira ra sacrlz sacrlz ikb ikb lr`a lr`azz el}a el}azkg zkgak akri riff ieakcnas& ieakcnas& `i}a clkbqcrab clkbqcrab nkmlzgirnlk cigtineks rl tza}akr ciqsas lm bnsijnfnrnas+ R`a mlfflunke iza stacnifnab tzlezigs mlz tza}akrn}a gaisqzas? l

Nggqknirnlk,}iccnkirnlks

l

Kaujlzk sczaaknke

l

Mzaa bnsrznjqrnlk lm ]nrignk I citsqfa sqttfagakrs

l

Nzlk Rijfar Sqttfagakrirnlk

l

Nlbnab Lnf Citsqfa sqttfagakrirnlk

l

Flcif Tzlbqcrnlk lm Nlbnab sifr

l

Glr`az ikb C`nfb Ciza Tzlezig

91

l

Tzngiz~ @aifr` Ciza& r`zlqe` Tza'kirif ikb Tlsr Kirif Ciza

R`zlqe` r`a Batizrgakr lm Slcnif Uafmiza ikb Ba}afltgakrs Ba}afltgakrs flcif lmmncas& flcif el}az el}azkg kgakr akr qknrs qknrs qkbaz qkbazrih riha a tzlez tzlezig igs s rluizb rluizbs s r`a tza} tza}akr akrnlk nlk lm r`a ciqs ciqsas as lm  bnsijnfnrnas& r`zlqe` kqrznrnlk tzlezigs ikb cfissas lk mllb tzatizirnlk& zastlksnjfa tizak tizakr`l r`llb& lb& sqtt sqttfag fagak akrif rif maabn maabnke ke tzlez tzlezig igs s ikb ikb cfissa cfissas s mlz cizae cizaen}a n}azs zs nk r`a r`a nbakr nbakrnmn nmncir cirnlk nlk ikb sczaa sczaaknk knke e lm ciri cirizic zicrs rs mlz zamazz zamazzif if rl tzltaz tzltaz saz} saz}nca nca tzl}nb tzl}nbazs azs++ Ibbnrnlkiff~& rzinknke ns tzl}nbab rl clggqknr~ `aifr` ulzhazs& tizakrs& ikb tizigabnc tzlmassnlkifs lk tza}akrn}a tabnirzncs ikb eakarnc clqksafnke+

@aifr` cakrazs qkbaz r`a sqtaz}nsnlk lm flcif el}azkgakr qknrs tzl}nba gabncif saz}n saz}nca cas s mlz r`a aizf~ aizf~ nkraz} nkraz}akr akrnlk nlk lm bnsai bnsaisas sas++ R`a R`a cakra cakrazs zs clkbq clkbqcr cr rzinkn rzinknke ke ikb ikb abqcirnlkif abqcirnlkif tzlezigs lk tzltaz kqrznrnlk& `~enaka ikb gabncif ciza+ Clggqknr~ `aifr` tzlmassn tzlmassnlkif lkifs s iza rzinkab rzinkab lk tza}akr tza}akrn}a n}a tabnirz tabnirzncs ncs ikb eakarnc eakarnc clqksa clqksafnke fnke mlz aizf~ aizf~ nbakrnmncirnlk& gikieagakr ikb tza}akrnlk lm clkeaknrif ngtinzgakrs nk c`nfbzak+

Abqcirnlk R`a Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk tzlglras nkcfqsn}a abqcirnlk ikb rzinks raic`azs nk stacnif abqcirnlk ikb nk `ikbfnke c`nfbzak unr` bnsijnfnrnas nk lzbaz rl clgtfagakr apnsrnke stacnif abqcirnlk raic`azs+ Slga KELs ifsl tzlglra rzinknke tzlezigs mlz  raic` raic`azs azs r`zlq r`zlqe` e` i Gljnfa Gljnfa Stac Stacnif nif Abqci Abqcirnl rnlk k Rzinkn Rzinknke ke Tzlezi Tzlezig g nk lzbaz lzbaz rl zaic` zaic` raic`azs lqrsnba lm qzjik izais+ R`a Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk `is ifsl ba}afltab stacnif abqcirnlk cqzzncqfqg mlz rzinknke zaeqfiz raic`azs iflke unr` r`a nkcfqsnlk lm  sqjoacrs lk bnsijnfnr~ nk afagakriz~& `ne` sc`llf ikb clffaea cqzzncqfqg+ Icclzbnke rl KCUBT& i rlrif lm 93=&1:32 c`nfbzak unr` bnsijnfnrnas uaza akzlffab nk Afagakriz~ ikb Saclkbiz~ sc`llfs (jlr` tzn}ira ikb tqjfnc sc`llfs.+ Ibbnrnlkiff~& r`a BSUB `is nknrnira nknrnirab b r`a Clkrnkqn Clkrnkqnke ke Abqcirn Abqcirnlk lk unr`lqr unr`lqr Jizznaz Jizznazs s (RIUIE. (RIUIE. tzlezig tzlezig&& u`nc` u`nc` uis ba}a ba}aflt fltab ab rl ak`ik ak`ikca ca r`a t`~sn t`~snci cif& f& slcni slcnif& f& gakr gakrif if ikb ikb ts~c` ts~c`lfl lflenc encif if mqkcrnlks lm c`nfbzak ikb lqr'lm'sc`llf ~lqr` unr` bnsijnfnrnas r`zlqe` r`anz nkraezirnlk nkrl bi~ ciz saz}ncas lz stacnif ikb zaeqfiz sc`llfs+ Icclzbnke rl r`a IBJ& r`a RIUIE tzlezig ns zatlzrab rl `i}a tzl}nbab saz}ncas rl 9&3:: c`nfbzak snkca nrs nkcatrnlk+

9=

R`a KCUBT `is ifsl ba}afltab zaslqzca giraznifs mlz r`a clggqknr~'jisab stacnif abqcirnlk tzlezig mlz r`a jfnkb ikb baim u`l iza lqr lm sc`llf& nkcfqbnke c`nfbzak unr` iqrnsg iqrnsg++ R`zlq R`zlqe` e` r`a tzl} tzl}nsn nsnlk lk lm mqkbn mqkbnke ke issnsr issnsrik ikca& ca& r`a KCUBT KCUBT `is tzl}n tzl}nbab bab sc`l sc`lfiz fizs` s`nts nts rl basa basaz}n z}nke ke srqba srqbakrs krs unr` unr` bnsij bnsijnfn nfnrn rnas as j~ qrnfn qrnfnn nke ke 1! lm r`a r`a tzn}i tzn}ira ra abqcirnlk sc`lfizs`nt mqkb+

Nkraz}akrnlk R`zlqe` tzlezigs j~ r`a BSUB& KCUBT ikb flcif el}azkgakrif qknrs& `aifr` ciza cakrazs `i}a jaak asrijfns`ab r`ir tzl}nba gabncif saz}ncas ir r`a flcif fa}af mlz  aizf~ nkraz}akrnlk ikb rzairgakr lm bnsaisas+

Srirnsrncif Biri lk Bnsijnfnr~ Tzlmnfa Bqznke r`a :444 caksqs& r`a T`nfnttnka El}azkgakr nkcfqbab yqasrnlks ijlqr Tazslks unr` Bnsijnfnrnas+ Zasqfrs mzlg r`a caksqs zatlzrab r`ir lkf~ >2:&4>0 Tazslks unr` Bnsijnfnrnas fn}ab nk r`a T`nfnttnkas& zatzasakrnke 9+:! lm r`a rlrif tltqfirnlk+ Kl lr`az barinfab nkmlzgirnlk mzlg r`a caksqs uis zaibnf~ i}infijfa+ Rijfa > `ne`fne`rs r`a mnkbnkes lm r`a caksqs?

95

Rijfa > Bnsijfab Tazslks j~ R~ta lm Bnsijnfnr~ ikb Sap (:444 Caksqs. R~ta

Gifa

! lm  Gifa

Magifa

! lm  Magifa

Rlrif

! lm Rlrif

Flu }nsnlk

912&413

3:+>!

9>0&321

29+>!

31:&3>0

35+2!

Lzif bamacr

:5&944

1+0!

:3&5=:

1+4!

14&0=:

1+2!

Tizrnif jfnkbkass

30&915

0+9!

30&152

0+9!

5=&539

0+9!

Gakriff~ nff

32&090

5+2!

3:&25=

=+>!

=5&:>2

5+9!

Gakriff~ zarizbab

31&9>2

5+1!

34&>9>

=+1!

==&993

5+4!

Yqibzntfaenc

39&:>5

=+5!

:2&1>:

1+:!

11&00>

1+>!

@izb lm `aiznke

::&:19

2+5!

::&252

2+5!

22&5:1

2+5!

Lr`azs

9:1&0>=

:=+>!

94:&9>4

:9+=!

::0&40=

:2+:!

2=0&5==

944+4!

253&33:

944+4!

>2:&4>0

944+4!

Eakbaz Zirnls?

14+2!

2>+=!

Rlrif Tl Tltqfirnlk

30&1:2&:=5

35&>5>&094

5=&142&455

9+:!

9+:!

9+:!

Tza}ifakca ! Slqzca?

KSL& :444 Caksqs lm Tltqfirnlk ikb @lqsnke 

Micrs (is lm S^ :442':441.

/91=&:5 4

c`nfbzak unr` stacnif kaabs iza akzlffab nk sc`llfs

90

55& 55& 91: 91: 5>& 990 990

iza iza gak gakri riff ff~ ~ enm enmra rab, b,mi misr sr fai faizk zkaz azs s (E,M (E,MF. F. iza iza c`n c`nfb fbza zak k unr unr` ` bns bnsi ijnfn jnfnrn rnas as 24& :=4 faizknke bnsijfab (FB. 99& 1>5 `aiznke ngtinzab (@N. :& =54 }nsqiff~ ngtinzab (]N. 9:& 21= gakriff~ zarizbab (GZ. 1& 99: ja`i}nlz tzljfabg (JT. 5=4 lzr`ltabnciff~ `ikbncittab (L@. 1& 95: iqrnsrnc c`nfbzak (Iq. >9: staac` bamacrn}as (SB. 92: c`zlknciff~ nff (CN. 3: c`nfbzak unr` cazajzif tifs~ (CT. sc`l sc`llf lfs s lmm lmmaz aznk nke e STA STAB B tzl tzlez ezig igs s 2 kirnlkif stacnif sc`llfs 214 tzn}ira stacnif sc`llfs 919 zacleknab Stacnif Abqcirnlk Cakrazs 9& 122 zaeqfiz sc`llfs unr` STAB tzlezigs 2& 432 Stacnif Cfissas • • • • • • • • • •

/:& /:& 9>2 9>2

• • • • •

 Is lm GI^ :440 

•

Srirnsrncs mlz r`a ~aiz :440 Glrlznc tzljfags (tlfnl& igtqraa& uaih fngjs& `qkc`jich

•

ikb r`a fnha. ]nsqif tzljfags (jfnkb& cirizicr& czlssab a~a& syqnkr&

• •

>5>

efiqclgi ikb r`a fnha. @aiznke ikb Staac` tzljfags (baim& gqra. Faizknke tzljfags (iqrnsrnc& sflu faizkaz& bluk s~kbzlga&

150 :& 4:5

gakriff~ zarizbab& IB@B.

:& 11>

9>

• •

• •

C`zlknc mnrs (atnfats~. Clsgarnc bamacrs (cfamr fnt,tifira& jqzk& `~bzlcat`ifqs& gnczlcat`ifqs& gaknkelclafa. Gqfr Gqfrnt ntfa fa @ik @ikbn bnci citt ttab ab (ca (caza zajz jzif if tif tifs~ s~&& gqfr gqfrnt ntfa fa bns bnsij ijnf nfnr nr~. ~. Lr`az @ikbncits (stacnif cisas& clflsrlg~. RLRIF

39: 9& 4:= 9& 554 554 52 >& 3:1

C@ITRAZ N] Tzasakrirnlk ikb Nkraztzarirnlk lm Biri

R`ns c`itraz en}as ~lq nkmlzgirnlk ijlqr r`a eir`azab biri zaeizbnke r`a sqjoacr& nrs nkraztzarirnlk ikb tzasakrirnlk+

R`a Cisa lm r`a C`nfb

‖Olsa‗ ns i c`nfb unr` gqfrntfa gqfrntfa bnsijnfnrnas+ bnsijnfnrnas+ @a ns i sflu'faizkaz sflu'faizkaz ikb i c`nfb unr` staac` tzljfags tzljfags snkca `a `is i cfamr tifira+ tifira+ @ns `aib cnzcqgmazakca cnzcqgmazakca ns klr klzgif klzgif ir `ns iea+ R`a ngtfncir ngtfncirnlk nlk lm r`asa ns r`ir `ns gakrif gakrif ijnfnr~ ijnfnr~ ns klr klzgif (gakrif (gakriff~ f~

:4

zarizbab.+ zarizbab.+ @a ifsl `is lkf~ lkf~ lka klzgif ikb mqkcrnlknk mqkcrnlknke e aiz+ @a ns r`a mlqzr` mlqzr` slk+ slk+ @az  glr`az ei}a jnzr` ir r`a iea lm mlzr~'mn}a (21.+ U`nfa `ns glr`az uis clkcan}nke& Gizflk uis klr ijfa rl ja `aifr` c`achab glkr`f~ (tza'kirif c`ach'qts.+

Mignf~ Jichezlqkb

Bqznke `ns c`nfb`llb bi~s& `a bnbk„r aptaznakca tzlflkeab `ne` ma}az lz ik~ saznlqs nffkass cisas+ @ns nggqknirnlks ikb }iccnkas uaza clgtfara+

R`aza R`aza uaza uaza kl rziqgi rziqgirnc rnc aptaz aptaznak nakca cas s lm r`a c`nfb c`nfb++

@a klu fn}as fn}as unr` jlr`

tizak tizakrs rs ikb ikb r`a r`a zafirn zafirn}a }as s lm r`a c`nfb c`nfb icca iccatr tr `ng `ng jaciq jaciqsa sa `a ns i stac stacnif nif c`nfb c`nfb++ @lua}az& r`a c`nfb ns zaiff~ irric`ab unr` `ns mir`az ikb nr uis ifui~s fnha r`ns+

R`a mignf~ gagjazs& icclzbnke rl r`a tizakrs lm ‖Olsa‗ aptaznakcab kaqzlflencif bnslzbaz& faizknke bnmmncqfr~& zaibnke bnmmncqfr~& `aiznke tzljfags& aglrnlkif nksrijnfnr~& t`~sncif bnsijnfnrnas& zarizbirnlk& sc`llf minfqza(sa}aza. ikb staac` tzljfags+

C`nfb„s Tzamazakcas

R`a c`nfb ns qsqiff~ qsqiff~ irric`ab rl gik~ gik~ r`nkes+ Eqnriz ikb bzqgs bzqgs iza `ns mi}lznra mi}lznra gqsncif gqsncif nksrzqga nksrzqgakrs+ krs+ @a qsqiff~ qsqiff~ ‖tfi~s‗ ‖tfi~s‗ r`ag jqr `a blas klr hklu `lu rl `ikbfa `ikbfa r`ag+ @a `is i klrijfa klrijfa gikkaznsg u`nc` ns r`ir `a ifui~s ltaks `ns glqr`+ @ns ‖znrqif‗ jamlza elnke rl sfaat ns r`ir `a unff el jasnba `ns mir`az ikb r`ak `a unff sfaat slqkbf~+ R`a c`nfb blask„r blask„r fnha rl air }aearijfas astacniff~ astacniff~ r`a ezaak ezaak ikb faim~ lkas+ @a fl}as rl air gair& Mzakc` mznas& stie`arrn& ciha ikb nca czaig+ R`lqe` `a `is i airnke tzljfag fnha r`a mllb gqsr gqsr ja c`lttab nkrl sgiff jnrs sl r`ir `a unff klr c`lha+ Nk lzbaz 

:9

klr rl flsa r`a ngtlzrikca lm }aearijfas nk `ns gaifs& mllbs iza saz}ab (gair gaifs. unr` }aearijfa+

Ja`i}nlz 

‖Olsa‗ ‖Olsa‗ ns mznakbf~ mznakbf~&& safm'ca safm'cakraz krazab& ab& ragtaz'r ragtaz'rikrz ikrzqg qg c`nfb& c`nfb& srqjjlz srqjjlzk& k& zastlks zastlksn}a& n}a& icrn}a& ikb `itt~ `itt~ c`nfb+ @a uis saak is ik icrn}a ikb ikb tfi~mqf c`nfb nksnba nksnba r`a `lqsa& ~ar i yqnar srqbakr nksnba nksnba r`a cfisszllg+ cfisszllg+ Nr uis ais~ mlz ‖Olsa‗ rl clta unr` r`a sc`llf sc`llf snkca r`a zllg ns czlubab ikb qsqiff~& `a ns irrakbab j~ i zafirn}a+

@a maafs raksa u`ak `a uis klr sirnsmnab unr` u`ir `a ns blnke lz nm `a blask„r ear u`ir `a uikrs jqr jqr r`ns uis klr saak nksnba nksnba r`a cfisszllg+ cfisszllg+ @a ns i }az~ yqnar c`nfb ~ar `a cik sgnfa jich ir ~lq ikb bl jlb~ fikeqiea rl zastlkb rl r`a raic`az ikb cfissgiras+

@ns tfi~ ns zatarnrn}a& zatarnrn}a& slgarngas unr` taaz ezlqts ikb glsr lm r`a rnga unr` rl~s lz unr` `ns mi}lznra mi}lznra gqsncif gqsncif nksrzqgak nksrzqgakrs+ rs+ @a rakbs rl ja s`~ u`ak lr`az c`nfbzak c`nfbzak lz  taltfa iza izlqkb izlqkb `ng+ Nr ns bnmmncqfr mlz ‖Olsa‗ ‖Olsa‗ rl ear mignfniz unr` unr` lr`az taltfa aisnf~+ aisnf~+ R`a~ s`lqfb ja clksrikrf~ saak j~ ‖Olsa‗ ikb nkrazicrnlk ikb clggqkncirnlk gqsr ja tzasakr+

Nkmlzgirnlk lm r`a STAB cakraz icclzbnke rl r`a raic`az 

R`a STAB cakraz clksnsrs lm? 

R`nzr~ ane`r (30. gakriff~ zarizbab c`nfbzak



Lka (9. faizknke bnsijfab c`nfbzak



Lka (9. aglrnlkiff~ bnsrqzjab c`nfbzak



Rak (94. iqrnsrnc c`nfbzak

Gar`lbs lm Issassgakr 

::

Qsa Qsa

lm

c`ac c`achf hfns nsr& r&

nkra nkraz} z}na nau& u&

ljsaz jsaz}i }irn rnlk lk&&

ba}a ba}afl fltg tgak akri riff

issa issass ssga gakr kr&&

ts~c`lflencif rasrs

Ammacrn}akass R`asa s`lqfb ja ittzl}ab ikb zaclggakbab j~ aptazrs rl ja ammacrn}a+ Glsr lm  r`a zasqfrs iza saak imraz i glkr` (tlsnrn}a ba}afltgakr.+

Nkraz}akrnlk Tzlezigs Nksraib lm r`a tzlezigs& Snz Lùira ei}a qs r`a srats lk `lu rl `aft c`nfbzak nk r`anz uaihkassas?

i+ Mlfflu r`a cqzzncqfqg u`nc` mnrs r`a c`nfb+ j+ Mlfflu r`a clkrakr lm Tikirike Gihiji~ik – ‖si nsnt& si sifnri ir si eiui‗ /sakslz~& tazcatrqif& ikb staac` ba}afltgakr c+ Ginksrzaignke nk Eziba R`zaa (3.

Tfiks lm Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk? Tizrnif Ginksrzaignke – safacrab sqjoacrs Mqff Ginksrzaignke – iff sqjoacrs

Gar`lbs Bnmmazakrnirab gar`lb lm raic`nke? Srziraenas – rish ikif~sns& nkbqcrnlk& ikb babqcrnlk

Tfiks mlz r`a mqrqza STAB sc`llf ikb srqbakrs Rzinknke r`ag rl fn}a ik nkbatakbakr fnma – jihnke& eizbaknke& cllhnke Jamlza ic`na}nke r`ns& r`a r`zqsr s`lqfb ja glza lk icibagncs+

:3

C@ITAZ ] Mnkbnkes

R`ns c`itraz en}as ~lq mnkbnkes lz r`a zasqfrs r`ir r`a zasaizc`azs `i}a eir`azab jisab  mzlg r`a biri nkraztzarab ikb tzasakrab+

Ua `i}a rul mnkbnkes jisab lk r`a nkraz}nau mzlg r`a stacnif abqcirnlk raic`az  lm r`a STAB cakraz ikb mzlg r`a cisa `nsrlz~ zaclzb lm r`a c`nfb+

:2

R`a STAB cakraz cakraz cirazs rl iff hnkbs hnkbs lm bnsijnfnrnas bnsijnfnrnas tzasakr tzasakr nk r`a clggqknr~+ clggqknr~+ Nr basnzas rl ba}aflt r`a clggqknr~ nkrl i tzlbqcrn}a lka r`zlqe` yqifnr~ abqcirnlk+ @lua}az& r`a sc`llf lkf~ `is lka (9. Stacnif Abqcirnlk raic`az r`ir bqrnas mzlg snp l„cflch nk r`a glzknke glzknke (=?44 IG. qkrnf ruaf}a l„cflch l„cflch kllk (9:?44 KK.+ R`a raic`az ns iflka ikb `a cik„r `ikbfa ikb gikiea r`a cfiss ammacrn}af~ snkca `a blask„r `i}a i cl' raic`az+ R`ir ns qkbaz r`a nbaif sar'qt lm i STAB cfisszllg+

R`a R`a ngtfn ngtfnci cirnl rnlk k lm r`ns r`ns ns r`ir r`ir lqz lqz sqjoa sqjoacr cr ‖Olsa‗ ‖Olsa‗ cikklr cikklr gl}a gl}a lk unr` unr` `ns clkbnrnlk+ clkbnrnlk+ A}ak nm `ns `ns mignf~ ns `aftnke `aftnke `ng lqr r`ir r`ir ns klr aklqe`+ R`a sc`llf'tizakr sc`llf'tizakr zafirnlks`nt ikb clggqkncirnlk ns klr a}nbakr sl r`a tizakrs iza klr ib}nsab ikb klr nkmlzgab ijlqr r`a ba}afltgakrs lm r`a c`nfb lz u`ir tizr `a,s`a s`lqfb ngtzl}a nk+

‖Olsa‗ ‖Olsa‗ ns lka lm r`a rak (94. c`nfbzak c`nfbzak u`l kaab stacnif stacnif rzinknk rzinknke e rl ja ijfa ijfa rl giha r`ag maaf r`ir r`a~ iza i tizr lm r`a slcnar~ is Clggnssnlk lk @qgik Zne`rs (C@Z. 99 Zaenlkif Zaenlkif Bnzacrlz Bnzacrlz Ifjazrl Ifjazrl Snticl Snticl Oz+ sinb+ sinb+ Nr ns rzqa r`ir r`a saczar saczar lm r`a sqccass nk r`a mnafb lm r`a basnza lm r`a STAB ns r`ns? *Nr%s i ezair `aft mlz r`ag rl ja ijfa rl clggqkncira ikb ear nk rlqc` unr` lr`az tizakrs& jaciqsa c`nfbzak faizk klr lkf~ mzlg raic`azs jqr ginkf~ mzlg tizakrs&* Bniki Snticl& TGIE tzlezig gikieaz  ikb unma lm r`a C@Z zaenlkif c`nam sinb+

C`itraz ]N Sqggiz~& Clkcfqsnlk ikb Zaclggakbirnlks

R`ns c`itraz sqggiznas r`a tzljfag& zasaizc`& mnkbnkes ikb eakazifnirnlk lm ‖Olsa‗+

Clkcfqsnlks? 9+ A}nbakc A}nbakca a s`luab s`luab r`ir r`ir r`a c`nfb c`nfb uis i stacni stacniff c`nfb+ c`nfb+ :+ Klr iff iff taltfa taltfa hklu hklu r`a r`a cisa cisa lm r`a c`nfb c`nfb++ 3+ R`a c`nfb c`nfb ns ns srnff srnff unr`nk unr`nk giki gikieaij eaijfa fa fa}af+ fa}af+

:1

2+

R`a R`a `aft `aft lm r`a r`a ak}n ak}nzl zlkg kgak akrr irgl irglst st`a `aza za&& r`ir r`ir `a ijfa ijfa rl iblt ibltrr nk `ns `ns sqzzlqkbnke& slcnif ba}afltgakr srqb~+

1+ Kaab rl za}nau za}nau lm c`nfb% c`nfb%s s gabncif gabncif `nsrl `nsrlz~+ z~+ =+ Zatlzr Zatlzr lk }nsnl }nsnlk k ikb `aiznke `aiznke sczaa sczaaknke knkes+ s+ 5+ Qtbira Qtbira r`a sc`llf sc`llf tazmlzgik tazmlzgikca& ca& nm c`nfb `is jaak irrakbn irrakbnke ke sc`llf& sc`llf& nkcfqbnke nkcfqbnke ljsaz}irnlk lm c`nfb nk faizknke ak}nzlkgakr+ 0+ Zayqnz Zayqnza a ic`na} ic`na}ag agakr akr rasrnke rasrnke ikb clek cleknrn nrn}a }a rasrnk rasrnke e (n+a+ (n+a+ NY rasrs rasrs&& gagl gaglz~ z~ issassgakrs& arc+. mlz c`nfb+ >+ Zayqnz Zayqnza a rl `ib `ib i `lga }nsnr& }nsnr& nm c`nfb c`nfb ns ~lqkeaz ~lqkeaz r`ik r`ik sc`llf' sc`llf'iea iea lz ns klr irrakbnke sc`llf ikb bnsijnfnr~ ns sqstacrab+ 94+Kacas 94+Kacassnr snrir ira a lr`a lr`azz stacn stacnifn ifna ab b rasrs rasrs is kaaba kaabab& b& sqc` sqc` is ts~c ts~c`l `lfle flenc ncif if a}ifqirnlks& a}ifqirnlks& staac`,fikeqiea staac`,fikeqiea issassgakr& faizknke bnsijnfnr~ issassgakr& issassgakr& slcnif ulzh zatlzr mlz c`nfb+ Zaclggakbirnlks? Jisa Jisab b lk r`a r`a ijl} ijl}a a clkc clkcfq fqsn snl lks& ks& r`a r`a mlff mlfflu lunk nke e gaisq aisqza zas s iza iza `aza `azaj~ j~ zaclggakbab?

9+

Gaglzikbqg nk Stacnif Abqcirnlk i+ BACS Lzbaz Kl+ 92& s+ 9>>3 ' Zaenlkif Stacnif Abqcirnlk Clqkcnf j+ BACS Lzbaz Lzbaz Kl+ 9& 9& s+ 9>>5 ' Lzeikn Lzeiknir irnlk nlk lm I Zaenlki Zaenlkiff STAB Qknr Qknr ikb Basnekirnlk lm Zaenlkif Sqtaz}nslz nk'c`izea lm Stacnif Abqcirnlk c+ BACS Lzbaz Lzbaz Kl+ :=& :=& s+ 9>>5 ' Nksrnrq Nksrnrqrnlk rnlkifn ifnnke nke lm STAB STAB Tzlezig Tzlezigs s nk Iff Sc`llfs b+ BACS BACS Lzbaz Lzbaz Kl+ 1& s+ 9>>0 9>>0 ' Zacfis Zacfissnm snmnci ncirn rnlk lk lm Zaeqfi Zaeqfizz Raic` Raic`az az ikb Tznkcntif Nrags rl Stacnif Abqcirnlk Raic`az ikb Stacnif Sc`llf Tznkcntif Nrags a+ BACS BACS Lzbaz Kl+ 99& s+ :444 :444 ' Zaclek Zaclekna nab b Stacn Stacnif if Abqcir Abqcirnlk nlk (STAB. (STAB. Cakrazs nk r`a T`nfnttnkas

:+ i+ Asrijfns`gakr lm STAB Cakrazs is Zaslqzca Cakrazs

:=

j+ Rzinkn Rzinknke ke lm Rzi Rzinka nkazs zs lk lk STAB STAB c+ Tzl} Tzl}ns nsnl nlk k lm Rac` Rac`kn knci ciff Issn Issnsr srik ikca ca lk r`a r`a Lzei Lzeikn kni irn rnlk lk,A ,Apt ptik iksn snlk lk lm  Saz}ncas mlz C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs b+ Glknrlzn Glknrlznke ke ikb A}ifqir A}ifqirnlk nlk lm Tzlezig Tzlezig Ngtfaga Ngtfagakrir krirnlk nlk

3+ Mlzgqfirnlk Mlzgqfirnlk lm i clgtza`aksn}a clgtza`aksn}a icrnlk tfik unr` uaff'bamnkab uaff'bamnkab ljoacrn}as ljoacrn}as ikb tzlezigs mlz }iznlqs rizear ezlqts nk r`a clggqknr~+

=+

Ijfa rl hklu r`a uaihkass ikb srzaker` lm r`a c`nfb ikb tqr qt lm Stacnif Abqcirnlk Cakraz nk a}az~ lka& rl cfaizf~ glknrlz r`a icrn}nrnas lm aic` c`nfb+

5+ Asrijfns` Asrijfns` clffijlzirn}a clffijlzirn}a karulzhs karulzhs unr` lr`az clggqknr~ clggqknr~++ Tfiks mlz mlz tzlrlr~ta tzlrlr~ta nk' saz}nca abqcirnlk tzlezigs rl qteziba r`a clgtarakcnas lm ibgnknsrzirlzs& sqtaz sqtaz}ns }nslzs lzs&& cllzb cllzbnki nkirlz rlzs& s& raic` raic`azs azs is uaff uaff is r`a klk'r klk'rai aic` c`nke nke stac stacnif nif abqcirnlk tazslkkaf+

0+

Clkbqcr lm olnkr ulzhs`lts& unr` lr`az Stacnif Abqcirnlk sc`llf rl nbakrnm~ r`agas lm clgglk nkrazasr lm c`nfb+

>+

Eqnbikca Clqksaflz& Cizaen}az& R`azitnsr& Blcrlz ikb Raic`az s`lqfb `i}a i sassnlk a}az~bi~ rl issass r`a c`nfb+ Nk}lf}agakr lm ~lqr` ikb tizakrs nk u`lfaslga icrn}nr~ lz rl `i}a i Stacnif Abqcirnlk bi~+

Stlkslzs lzs`nt `nts s 94+ Stlks

j~ `ne`az `ne`az tlsnrn tlsnrnlk lk nk el}azk el}azkga gakr kr&& lz unffnk unffnke e rl siczn sicznmnc mnca a nk

baifnke unr` stacnif c`nfbzak+

99+ Tizrncntirnlk

Zaeqfi fizf zf~ ~ 9:+ Zaeq

rl ulzhs`lts ikb rzinknke zafirab nk icrn}nrnas lm c`nfbzak+

clkb clkbqc qcrr ik icrn icrn}n }nr~ r~ lm r`a r`a raic raic`a `az& z& u`az u`aza a r`an r`anzz gaik gaiknk nkem emqf qf

aptaznakcas cik ja nkraezirab nk r`anz fasslk lz binf~ fnma+

:5

EFLSSIZ^ R`a bamnknrnlk lm Tazslks unr` Bnsijnfnrnas (TUBs. `is c`ikeab l}az r`a ~aizs is bnmmazakr faensfirn}a icrs uaza tissab+ R`a mlfflunke iza r`zaa gink bamnknrnlks qsab nk faensfirnlk+

9+

Tazslks Tazslks unr` unr` Bnsijn Bnsijnfnrna fnrnas s uis bamnkab bamnkab nk nk 9>>:& 9>>:& j~ r`a Gieki Gieki Cizri Cizri mlz mlz Tazslks Tazslks unr` unr` Bnsijnfnrnas Icr& is?

:0

*r`lsa tazslks sqmmaznke mzlg zasrzncrnlks mzlg bnmmazakr ijnfnrnas is i zasqfr lm i gakrif& t`~sncif& ikb sakslz~ ngtinzgakr& rl tazmlzg ik icrn}nr~ nk r`a gikkaz lz  unr`nk r`a zikea clksnbazab klzgif mlz i `qgik janke+* 

Qkbaz nrs *Bamnknrnlk lm Razgs*& mlz r`a tqztlsas lm r`a Icr& r`a mlfflunke uaza bamnkab?

Bnsijfab Tazslks iza r`lsa sqmmaznke mzlg zasrzncrnlk lm bnmmazakr ijnfnrnas& is i zasqfr lm  i gakrif& t`~sncif lz sakslz~ ngtinzgakr& rl tazmlzg ik icrn}nr~ nk r`a gikkaz lz unr`nk r`a zikea clksnbazab klzgif mlz i `qgik janke8

Ngtinzgakr ns ik~ flss& flss& bngnkqr bngnkqrnlk nlk lz ijazzir ijazzirnlk nlk lm ts~c`lf ts~c`lflenc lencif& if& t`~snl t`~snlflen flencif& cif& lz  ikirlgncif srzqcrqza lm mqkcrnlk8

Bnsijnfnr~ s`iff gaik (9. i t`~sncif lz gakrif ngtinzgakr r`ir sqjsrikrniff~ fngnrs lka lz  glza ts~c`lflencif& t`~snlflencif lz ikirlgncif mqkcrnlk lm ik nkbn}nbqif lz icrn}nrnas lm  sqc` nkbn}nbqif8 (:. i zaclzb lm sqc` ik ngtinzgakr8 lz (3. janke zaeizbab is `i}nke sqc` ik ngtinzgakr8

@ikbncit zamazs rl i bnsib}ikriea mlz i en}ak nkbn}nbqif zasqfrnke mzlg ik ngtinzgakr lz i bnsijnfnr~& r`ir fngnrs lz tza}akrs r`a mqkcrnlks lz icrn}nr~& r`ir ns clksnbazab klzgif en}ak r`a iea ikb sap lm r`a nkbn}nbqif8

Gizenk Gizenkifn ifnab ab Bnsijfa Bnsijfab b Tazslk Tazslks s zama zamazz rl bnsi bnsijf jfab ab tazs tazslk lks s u`l u`l fich fich icca iccass ss rl za`ijnfnrirn}a saz}ncas ikb lttlzrqknrnas rl ja ijfa rl tizrncntira mqff~ nk slcnlaclklgnc icrn}nrnas ikb u`l `i}a kl gaiks lm fn}afn`llb lz u`lsa nkclgas miff jaflu r`a tl}azr~ r`zas`lfb+

:+

R`a R`a Aclk Aclklg lgnc nc Ngta Ngtakb kbak akca ca lm Bnsi Bnsijf jfab ab Tazs Tazslk lks s Icr Icr nk 9>>> 9>>> bamn bamnka kab b

Tazslks unr` Bnsijnfnrnas is *tazslks u`l cikklr tazmlzg ulzh nk r`a qsqif ikb cqsrlgiz~ ui~ bqa rl flss lm fngjs lz ik~ tizr lm r`a jlb~ j~ nkoqz~ lz ijsakca r`azalm j~ jnzr`+‗

:>

3+

R`a Kirnl Kirnlkif kif Fiu Fiu bamnk bamnkas as TUBs TUBs is *r`ls *r`lsa a sqmmazn sqmmaznke ke mzlg mzlg zasrznc zasrzncrnl rnlk k lz 

fich lm ijnfnr~ rl tazmlzg ik icrn}nr~ nk r`a gikkaz lz unr`nk r`a zikea clksnbazab klzgif mlz i `qgik janke is i zasqfr lm i gakrif& t`~sncif& lz sakslz~ ngtinzgakr+*

Nk r`a glsr zacakr caksqs lm :444& r`a Kirnlkif Srirnsrncs Lmmnca (KSL. ibltrab r`a mlfflunke bamnknrnlk ikb ciraelznas TUBs+

*Bnsijnf *Bnsijnfnr~ nr~ zamazs zamazs rl ik~ zasrzncr zasrzncrnlk nlk lz fich lm ijnfnr~ ijnfnr~ (zasqfrn (zasqfrnke ke mzlg ngtinzgak ngtinzgakr. r. rl  tazmlzg ik icrn}nr~ nk r`a gikkaz lz unr`nk r`a zikea clksnbazab klzgif mlz i `qgik janke+ Ngtinzgakrs isslcnirab unr` bnsijnfnrnas gi~ ja t`~sncif& gakrif lz sakslz~  glrlz ngtinzgakr sqc` is tizrnif lz rlrif jfnkbkass ikb baimkass& gqrakass& staac` bamacr& lzr`ltabnc `ikbncits& ikb gakrif zarizbirnlk+*  R`a mlfflunke basczntrnlks uaza qsab?

Rlriff~ Jfnkb Kl qsamqf sne`r nk ik~ lm r`a rul a~as+ (Cikklr bnsrnkeqns` ljoacrs nk mzlkr lm `ng,`az.+ Tazslks gi~ `i}a slga fne`r tazcatrnlk (a+e+& cik zaifna r`ir nr ns gnbbi~ lz gnbkne`r.& jqr bl klr `i}a qsijfa sne`r+ R`a~ kaab Jzinffa giraznifs mlz zaibnke+

Tizrniff~ Jfnkb Unr` jarraz a~asne`r r`ik rlriff~ jfnkb? cik bnsrnkeqns` ljoacrs nk mzlkr lm  `ng+ @lua}az& a}ak unr` a~aefissas cikklr bnsrnkeqns` fizea farrazs+ Tzicrnciff~& r`ns tazslk cik uifh unr`lqr `nrrnke `ns `aib ieinksr r`a uiff& jqr cikklr zaib ik~r`nke+ Nkcfqbab `aza iza tazslks unr` sa}azaf~ fngnrnke }nsnlk snrqirnlks? cakrzif lkf~ lz r`a snbas lkf~ lz lkf~ fnha i tna lm i ciha+ Tazslks u`l cik saa slga ljoacrs sl r`ir r`a~ cik uifh jarraz ikb bl slga icrn}nrnas& jqr r`a~ cikklr zaib tznkrab rapr a}ak unr` a~aefissas+ R`a~ kaab Jzinffa giraznifs mlz zaibnke+

Flu ]nsnlk Unr` r`a jarraz a~a& a}ak unr` a~aefissas& cikklr bnsrnkeqns` zaeqfiz sna farr farraz azs+ s+ Tzic Tzicrn rnci ciff ff~& ~& nkbn nkbn}n }nbq bqif ifs s unr` unr` cik cik lkf~ lkf~ zaib zaib r`a r`a jnee jneeaz az `aib `aibfn fnka kas s nk r`a r`a kaustitazs+ Nkcfqbab `aza iza tazslks unr` fngnrnke }nsnlk snrqirnlks? cakrzif lkf~ lz r`a

34

snbas lkf~ fnha i tna lm i ciha+ Tazslks u`l& a}ak unr` ittzltznira a~aefissas& kaab fizea tznkr rapr (n+a+& ir faisr 90 tlnkrs mlkr. rl zaib ir i bnsrikca lm lka mllr (34 cg+.

Rlriff~ Baim Cikklr Baim  Cikklr zaifna ik~ zaeqfiz slqkb+ Tzicrnciff~ r`a tazslk blas klr zaicr u`ak slgajlb~ cfits `ns `ikbs ja`nkb `ns jich+ Tazslk gi~ srnff `aiz r`a jflunke lm i `lzk lm i rzqch& lz r`a jair lm i bzqg& cikklr qkbazsrikb ulzbs a}ak unr` i `aiznke inb+ Gqra? R`aza iza ifglsr kl gqra taltfa+ R`a klzgif cisa ns r`a sl'ciffab *baim'gqra* u`nc` ns mlz taltfa u`l& jaciqsa lm baimkass& bnb klr faizk rl rifh jqr r`a~ `i}a iff u`ir ns t`~snciff~ kacassiz~ rl rifh+ Rzair r`ag is baim+

Tizrniff~ Baim Cik Baim  Cik `aiz staac` jqr cikklr bnsczngnkira r`a ulzbs+ Nr zamazs rl i tazslk u`l& unr` jlr` aizs& cik zaclekna slqkbs jqr cikklr barazgnka r`a ulzbs (tizrniff~ baim.+

@izb lm @aiznke Tazslk cik qkbazsrikb ulzbs lkf~ nm stlhak }az~ flqb lz cflsa rl r`a aiz ikb (klzgiff~. `i}a sa}aza bnmmncqfrnas nm r`aza iza lr`az klnsas (a+e+& lr`az taltfa staihnke nk r`a zllg.+ Tazslk cik ja `aftab unr` i `aiznke inb jqr srnff `is bnmmncqfrnas qkbazsrikbnke klzgif staac`+

Lzif Bamacr Tazslk ir faisr 91 ~aizs lfb& ns ljoacr lm znbncqfa lz `is sa}azaf~ fngnrab olj lttlzrqknrnas jaciqsa lm anr`az?

l

i eakaz kazif srig riggazn aznke tzlj tzljfa fag g u`nc u`nc` ` gihas klz klzgif staac`

aprzagaf~ bnmmncqfr l

lz i cfamr'ti cfamr'tifira fira lz `iza' `iza'fnt fnt r`ir r`ir cikklr cikklr ja ja slf}ab slf}ab j~ cqzza cqzzakr kr gabnc gabncif if

tzlcabqzas Lka @ikb Tazslk `is lkf~ lka qsamqf `ikb+ Lka izg ns klr qsijfa (a+e+& igtqrirab& bamlzgab lz tizif~ab izg.+ Nkcfqbab `aza iza rul izrnmncnif izgs nm r`a~ iza zir`az  qsamqf (n+a+& jlr` izgs iza gnssnke jqr iza zatficab unr` izrnmncnif izg.+ Kl @ikbs Tazslk `is kl qsamqf `ikbs+ Jlr` izgs iza klr qsijfa (a+e+& igtqrirab& bamlzgab ikb gnssnke.+

39

Lka Fae Tazslk `is lkf~ lka qsamqf fae? uifhs unr` czqrc`as ikb,lz izrnmncnif fae ikb,lz  jzicas+ Klra (9. Uifhnke unr` ik izrnmncnif fae cik ja clksnbazab nm nr zaiff~ tza}akrs r`a tazslk mzlg `lfbnke glsr oljs+ (:. Nm r`a tazslk `is rul faes igtqrirab jqr nk sqc` i ui~ r`ir izrnmncnif faes cik ja qsab& r`a tazslk cik srnff el rl glsr tficas& nkcfqbnke elnke qt r`a srinzs+ Nr gi~ ja sfluaz& jqr nr ns sqzaf~ }az~ bnmmazakr mzlg i tazslk nk i u`aafc`inz u`l cikklr a}ak cfngj i snkefa srat unr`lqr `aft+

Kl Faes Tazslk `is kl qsamqf faes lz rul faes qkqsijfa (a+e+& klzgiff~ snrs nk i u`aafc`inz+.

Yqibzntfaenc ' Zaeqfiz Zaeqfiz,Gnfb Zaeqfiz  Zaeqfiz,Gnfb cazajzif tifs~? tazslk cik srnff uifh ikb bl glsr icrn}nrnas lz gne`r lkf~ ja sfne`rf~ iuhuizb ikb zayqnza kl stacnif issnsrikca+

R`a

razg cazajzif zamazs

rl

r`a

jzink„s

rul

`if}as&

lz

`agnst`azas&

ikb tifs~ bascznjas ik~ bnslzbaz r`ir ngtinzs clkrzlf lm jlb~ gl}agakr+ R`qs& r`asa bnslz bnslzbaz bazs s iza klr klr ciqsa ciqsab b j~ tzljfa tzljfags gs nk r`a gqsc gqscfas fas lz kaz}a kaz}as+ s+ Nksrai Nksraib& b& miqfr~ miqfr~ ba}af ba}afltg ltgakr akr lz bigi bigiea ea rl glrlz glrlz izai izais s nk r`a jzink jzink bnszq bnszqtrs trs r`a jzink jzink„s „s ijnfn ijnfnr~ r~ rl ibayqiraf~ clkrzlf gl}agakr ikb tlsrqza+ Ik nkbn}nbqif unr` cazajzif tifs~ gi~ `i}a bnmmncq bnmmncqfr~ fr~ unr` mnka glrlz glrlz rishs& rishs& sqc` sqc` is uznrnke uznrnke lz cqrrnke cqrrnke unr` scnsslzs8 scnsslzs8 aptazna aptaznakca kca rzlqjfa unr` ginkrinknke jifikca ikb uifhnke8 lz ja immacrab j~ nk}lfqkriz~ gl}agakrs& sqc` is qkclkrzlffijfa uznr`nke glrnlk lm r`a `ikbs lz bzllfnke+

Yqibznt Yqibzntfaen faenc c ' Sa}aza Sa}aza Sa}aza Sa}aza cazajz cazajzif if tifs~ tifs~?? tazsl tazslk k ns sa}az sa}azaf~ af~ immac immacrab rab j~ r`a r`a cazajzif tifs~ lz gne`r ja qkijfa rl uifh ikb kaab apraksn}a& fnmaflke ciza+

Zarizbab ' Zaeqfiz Zaeqfizf~ Zaeqfiz  Zaeqfizf~ nkraffacrqiff~ ngtinzab? cik ja rzinkab rl ja rlnfar rzinkab& rl uis` `ngsafm& air lk `ns luk ikb mlfflu snkefa nksrzqcrnlks+ Nkcfqbab `aza iza r`lsa unr` Bluk S~kbzlga (Glkelflnbs. ikb glsr iqrnsrnc (tazslks unr` iqrnsg.+ Klra& klr nkcfqbab iza sflu faizkazs ikb tazslks u`l cik rzi}af iflka+

3:

Zarizbab ' Sa}aza Sa}azaf~ nkraffacrqiff~ ngtinzab? cikklr ja rlnfar rzinkab& air iflka& sa}aza iqrnsg& arc+

Gakriff~ Nff ' Zaeqfiz  Zaeqfizf~ ngtinzab j~ gakrif nffkass? icrqiff~ qkbaz ts~c`nirznc ciza lz s`lqfb ja qkbaz ts~c`nirznc ciza (jqr bl klr `i}a r`a glka~. is uaff is tirnakrs u`l zacl}azab unr`nk r`a fisr r`zaa ~aizs (rl clksnbaz r`a tzljfag r`ir sl gik~ jaclgas snch ieink.+ Nkcfqbab `aza iza glsr tazslks unr` atnfats~ a}ak nm r`a lznenk lm r`anz tzljfag ns }az~ bnmmazakr& taltfa rzair r`ag i jnr r`a siga is r`a gakriff~ nff& r`a~ `i}a glza bnmmncqfrnas ljrinknke oljs& arc+

Gakri akriff ff~ ~ Nff Nff ' Sa}a Sa}aza za Sa}a Sa}aza zaf~ f~ ngti ngtinz nzab ab j~ gakr gakrif if nffk nffkas ass? s? tazs tazslk lks s kaab kaabnk nke e `lstnrifnirnlk lz `i}nke jaak `lstnrifnab unr`nk r`a fisr r`zaa ~aizs (is gakrnlkab ijl}a& rl clksnbaz r`a micr r`ir sl gik~ jaclga snch ieink.+

Zaeqfizf~ fizf~ gqfrntf gqfrntfa a ngtinza ngtinzab? b? Gqfrntfa Gqfrntfa ngtinzg ngtinzgakr akr ns Gqfrntfa'Ngtinzga Gqfrntfa'Ngtinzgakr kr ' Zaeqfiz  Zaeqfiz Zaeq ifui~s i sa}aza bnsijnfnr~& ~ar iglke r`lsa unr` gqfrntfa ngtinzgakr& ngtinzgakr& lka cik ja gqc` fne`raz r`ik r`a lr`azs u`lg ua ciff sa}azaf~ gqfrntfa `ikbncittab+ Apigtfas iza lka izg ikb lka fae qkqsijfa& gakriff~ zarizbab ikb slga t`~sncif bamacr+

Gqfrntfa'Ngtinzgakr ' Sa}aza Sa}azaf~ gqfrntfa ngtinzab+ Apigtfas iza jlr` faes ikb jlr` izgs tizif~ab (yqibzntfaenc.8 baim ikb jfnkb& ikb sa}azaf~ cazajzif tifsnab ikb jfnkb+

JNJFNLEZIT@^ Jllhs

Uajsnras •

`rrt?,,uuu+abq+el}+lk+ci,aprzi,ake,ttg,924+`rgf

33

•

`rrt?,,uuu+cn+giz~}nffa+rk+qs,g`s,GCSStab,gqfrntfa+`rg

•

`rrt?,,uuu+rsj}n+abq,Abqcirnlk,nkmikr,tiea1+`rg

•

`rrt?,,nzns+taijlb~+}ikbazjnfr+abq,s`aars,sgb+`rg

•

`rrt?,,uuu+sqksriz+clg+t`,bi}il

•

`rrt?,,uuu+fnfnikamlqkbirnlkt`nf+lze,srirnsrncs,&990

iza c`nfbzak unr` bnsijnfnrnas

' 24&:=4 faizknke bnsijfab

(FB. ' 99&1>5 `aiznke ngtinzab (@N. ' :&=54 }nsqiff~ ngtinzab (]N. ' 9:&21= gakriff~ zarizbab (GZ. ' 1&99: ja`i}nlz tzljfag (JT. ' 5=4 lzr`ltabnciff~ `ikbncittab (L@. ' 1&95: iqrnsrnc c`nfbzak (Iq. ' >9: staac` bamacrn}as (SB. ' 92: c`zlknciff~ nff (CN. ' 3: c`nfbzak unr` cazajzif tifs~ (CT. /:&92> sc`llfs lmmaznke STAB tzlezigs ' 2 kirnlkif stacnif sc`llfs ' 214 tzn}ira stacnif sc`llfs ' 919 zacleknab Stacnif Abqcirnlk Cakrazs ' 9&122 zaeqfiz sc`llfs unr` STAB tzlezigs ' 2&432 Stacnif Cfissas R`zqsr Nksrnrqrnlkifnirnlk lm STAB Tzlezigs mlz C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs (CSKs.

Ittzlic`as?

35

•

Asrijfns`gakr lm STAB Cakrazs is Zaslqzca Cakrazs

•

Rzinknke lm Rzinkazs lk STAB

•

Tzl}nsnlk lm Rac`kncif Issnsrikca lk r`a Lzeiknirnlk,Aptiksnlk Lzeiknirnlk,Aptiksnlk lm Saz}ncas mlz  CSKs

•

Glknrlznke ikb A}ifqirnlk lm Tzlezig Ngtfagakrirnlk

•

Srirnsrncif Nkml (:441':441.

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Tazcakriea lm C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs Saz}ab ikb Qk'saz}ab nk Sc`llfs

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Qkn}azsif Asrngira lm C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs

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Akzlffgakr Rzakb? C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs

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Akzlffgakr lm C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs j~ R~ta lm Bnsijnfnr~ (Afagakriz~ Saclkbiz~.

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Kqgjaz lm Ginksrzaig C`nfbzak unr` Stacnif Kaabs (Afagakriz~ - Saclkbiz~.

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Clkslfnbirab Kqgjaz lm Cakrazs& Sc`llfs& Raic`az ikb Cfissas taz Zaenlk

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Sqggaz Rzinknke Tzlezig mlz Raic`azs lm r`a Gakriff~ Zarizbab

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Sqggaz Rzinknke Tzlezig mlz Raic`azs lm r`a @aiznke Ngtinzab

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Gljnfa Rzinknke mlz Raic`azs lm r`a Baim is Snek Fikeqiea Nkraztzarazs

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STAB Tazslkkaf Ak`ikcagakr Tzlezig mlz Nkcfqsn}a Abqcirnlk

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Tlfnc~ Nssqikcas lm r`a Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk

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BACS Lzbaz Kl+ 92& s+ 9>>3 ' Zaenlkif Stacnif Abqcirnlk Clqkcnf

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BACS BACS Lzba Lzbazz Kl+ Kl+ 9& s+ 9>>5 9>>5 ' Lzei Lzeikn kni irn rnlk lk lm I Zaen Zaenlk lkif if STAB STAB Qknr Qknr ikb ikb Basnekirnlk lm Zaenlkif Sqtaz}nslz nk'c`izea lm Stacnif Abqcirnlk

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BACS Lzbaz Kl+ :=& s+ 9>>5 ' Nksrnrqrnlkifnnke lm STAB Tzlezigs nk Iff Sc`llfs

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BACS Lzbaz Kl+ 1& s+ 9>>0 ' Zacfissnmncirnlk lm Zaeqfiz Raic`az ikb Tznkcntif Nrags rl Stacnif Abqcirnlk Raic`az ikb Stacnif Sc`llf Tznkcntif Nrags

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BACS Lzbaz Kl+ 99& s+ :444 ' Zacleknab Stacnif Abqcirnlk Abqcirnlk (STAB. Cakrazs nk r`a T`nfnttnkas

30

GAGLZIKBQG (MLZANEK.

Tlfnc~,Tzlezig Gaglzikbqg Kl+ 924

3>

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' Bira lm Nssqa? Gi~ 95& :445 Ammacrn}a? Qkrnf za}lhab lz glbnmnab Sqjo Sqjoac acr? r? NKCL NKCLZT ZTLZ LZIR IRNK NKE E GAR@ GAR@LB LBS S LM ITTF ITTFNA NAB B JA@I] JA@I]NL NLQZ QZ IKIF IKIF^S ^SNS NS (IJI. NKRL TZLEZIGS MLZ SRQBAKRS UNR@ IQRNSG STACRZQG BNSLZBAZS (ISB.

Ittfncirnlk? Bnzacrlzs lm Abqcirnlk Saczariz~ Rzaisqzazs ikb Sqtaz}nslz~ Lmmncazs lm Sc`llf Iqr`lznrnas Bnzacrlz lm r`a Tzl}nkcnif Sc`llfs Jzikc` Sqtaznkrakbakrs lm Sc`llfs Sqtaznkrakbakr lm Cakrza Oqfas'Fîeaz  Tznkcntifs lm Afagakriz~ Sc`llfs Tznkcntifs lm Saclkbiz~ Sc`llfs Tznkcntifs lm Tzl}nkcnif ikb Baglksrzirnlk Sc`llfs Tznkcntifs lm Sacrnlk =0 Sc`llfs

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' Tqztlsa R`a tqztlsa lm r`ns gaglzikbqg ns rl tzl}nba bnzacrnlk rl sc`llf jlizbs? 9+ rl sqtt sqttlzr lzr r`anz r`anz qsa qsa lm ittfn ittfnab ab ja`i} ja`i}nl nlzz ikif~ ikif~sns sns (IJI. (IJI. is ik ammac ammacrn} rn}a a nksrzq nksrzqcrn crnlki lkiff ittzlic` nk r`a abqcirnlk lm gik~ srqbakrs unr` iqrnsg stacrzqg bnslzbazs (ISB.+ :+ R`ns gaglzikbqg asrijfns`as i tlfnc~ mzigaulzh rl sqttlzr nkclztlzirnlk lm IJI gar`lbs nkrl sc`llf jlizbs„ tzicrncas+ R`a qsa lm IJI nksrzqcrnlkif ittzlic`as gi~ ifsl ja ammacrn}a mlz srqbakrs unr` lr`az stacnif abqcirnlk kaabs+

R`ns gaglzikbqg `is jaak nkmlzgab j~ zaclggakbirnlks lm r`a Zatlzr lm r`a Gnknsraz%s Iqrnsg Stacrzqg Bnslzbazs Zamazakca Ezlqt+3 R`ns ezlqt uis asrijfns`ab nk :44= ir r`a olnkr nk}nrirnlk lm r`a Gnknsraz lm Abqcirnlk ikb r`a Gnknsraz lm C`nfbzak ikb

24

^lqr` ^lqr` Saz}nca Saz}ncas s rl tzl}nba tzl}nba jlr` gnknsra gnknsrazs zs unr` ib}nca ib}nca lk ammacrn} ammacrn}a& a& a}nbakca a}nbakca'jis 'jisab ab abqcirnlkif tzicrncas rl gaar r`a unba zikea lm kaabs lm srqbakrs unr` ISB+

R`ns gaglzikbqg ns nkrakbab rl srzaker`ak clffijlzirn}a ulzhnke zafirnlks`nts jaruaak jaruaak tizakrs& tizakrs& 2 sc`llfs sc`llfs&& ikb r`a clggqk clggqknr~+ nr~+ R`ns R`ns clffijl clffijlzirn zirnlk lk ns assakrn assakrnif if mlz  sqttlzrnke sqttlzrnke tlsnrn}a faizknke mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB+ Ik apigtfa lm sqc` clffijlzirnlk ns r`a ba}afltgakr lm ik Nkbn}nbqif Abqcirnlk Tfik (NAT. mlz i srqbakr+

R`a bnzacrnlk tzl}nbab nk r`ns gaglzikbqg jqnfbs lk sqeeasrnlks mlz sqccassmqf tzicrnca tzl}nbab nk r`a Gnknsrz~ lm Abqcirnlk„s blcqgakrs akrnrfab Stacnif Abqcirnlk? I Eqnba mlz Abqcirlzs& :449 ikb Nkbn}nbqif Abqcirnlk Tfiks? Srikbizbs mlz Ba}afltgakr& Tzlez Tzlezig ig Tfikk Tfikknke nke&& ikb ikb Ngtfa Ngtfaga gakr krirn irnlk& lk& :444& :444& ikb ikb ns clks clksnsr nsrak akrr unr` unr` r`a Lkrizn Lkriznl l cqzzncqfqg is i jisns mlz tzlezigs mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB+

Jichezlqkb R`ns bnzacrnlk ns ifsl clksnsrakr unr` sqeeasrnlks mlz sqccassmqf tzicrnca tzl}nbab nk r`a mlfflunke blcqgakrs tqjfns`ab j~ r`a Gnknsrz~ lm Abqcirnlk? 

Stacnif Abqcirnlk Rziksmlzgirnlk? R`a Zatlzr lm r`a Cl'C`inzs Unr` r`a Zaclggakbirnlks lm r`a Ulzhnke Rijfa lk Stacnif Abqcirnlk& :44=

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Abqc Abqcir irnl nlk k mlz mlz Iff? Iff? R`a R`a Zatl Zatlzr zr lm r`a r`a Apta Aptazr zr Tika Tikaff lk Fnra Fnrazi zic~ c~ ikb ikb Kqga Kqgazi zic~ c~ Nksr Nksrzq zqcr crnl nlk k mlz mlz Srqb Srqbak akrs rs Unr` Unr` Stac Stacni niff Abqc Abqcir irnl nlk k Kaab Kaabs& s& Hnkbazeizrak rl Eziba =& :441

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Tfikknke Akrz~ rl Sc`llf? I Zaslqzca Eqnba& :441

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R`a Nkbn}nbqif Abqcirnlk Tfik (NAT.? I Zaslqzca Eqnba& :442

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Rziksnrnlk Tfikknke? I Zaslqzca Eqnba& :44:

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R`a Lkriznl Cqzzncqfqg Qknr Tfikkaz? Stacnif Abqcirnlk Clgtiknlk& :44:



Sc`llf jlizb srimm s`lqfb clksqfr r`a ijl}a blcqgakrs mlz glza barinfab nkmlzgirnlk+



R`a Gnknsrz~ lm C`nfbzak ikb ^lqr` Saz}ncas (GC^S. blcqgakr akrnrfab Iqrn Iqrnsg sg

Nkra Nkraz} z}ak akrn rnlk lk

Tzle Tzlezi zig? g?

Tzle Tzlezi zig g

29

Eqnb Eqnbaf afnk nkas as&&

:44= :44=

tzl} tzl}nb nbas as

ibbnrnlkif nkmlzgirnlk+ Nk tizrncqfiz& r`a sacrnlks lk Rziksnrnlk Tfikknke ikb S`iznke Nkmlzgirnlk gi~ tzl}nba qsamqf nkmlzgirnlk+ R`a GC^S blcqgakr akrnrfab

I S`izab Zastlksnjnfnr~? Lkriznl%s Tlfnc~ Mzigaulzh mlz C`nfb ikb ^lqr` Gakrif @aifr`& :44= tzl}nbas ibbnrnlkif nkmlzgirnlk+ Cltnas lm r`asa blcqgakrs iza i}infijfa lkfnka (saa tiea 5. lz r`zlqe` r`a flcif GC^S lmmnca+

R`ns gaglzikbqg ns ifsl nkmlzgab j~ r`a zaclggakbirnlks nk r`a Zatlzr lm r`a Nkrazng Tizakr Nk}lf}agakr Ib}nslz~ Jlizb& u`nc` uis zafaisab nk Oqf~ :44=+

Ittfnab Ja`i}nlz Ikif~sns Ittfnab ja`i}nlz ikif~sns (IJI. 1 qsas gar`lbs jisab lk scnakrnmnc tznkcntfas tznkcntfas lm  faizknke ikb ja`i}nlz rl jqnfb qsamqf zatazrlnzas lm ja`i}nlz ikb zabqca tzljfagirnc lkas+ Nk r`ns ittzlic`& r`a ja`i}nlz(s. rl ja c`ikeab iza cfaizf~ bamnkab ikb zaclzbab+ R`a ikracabakrs lm r`a qkbasnzijfa ja`i}nlz(s. iza ikif~ab& is iza r`a zankmlzcazs r`ir gne`r ja ginkrinknke r`a qkbasnzijfa ja`i}nlz(s. ja`i}nlz(s. lz r`ir gne`r ja qsab rl `aft ba}aflt ibitrn}a ja`i}nlzs+

Nkraz}akrnlks Nkraz}akrnlks jisab lk ja`i}nlzif ja`i}nlzif tznkcntfas iza basnekab rl ba}aflt ittzltznira ja`i}nlzs+ ja`i}nlzs+ Tzlezass ns issassab ikb r`a tzlezig ns ifrazab nm kacassiz~ (ibitrab mzlg Tazz~ ikb Clkbnffic :443.+ IJI cik ja qsab unr` srqbakrs lm a}az~ iea+ Nr cik ja ittfnab nk i }iznar~ lm snrqirnlks& ikb nr cik ja qsab mlz }az~ fngnrab ikb stacnmnc tqztlsas& sqc` is r`a ba}afltgakr lz zabqcrnlk lm snkefa ja`i}nlzs+ IJI cik ifsl ja qsab mlz jzlibaz tqztlsas& sqc` is r`a ba}afltgakr lz zabqcrnlk lm sars lm ja`i}nlz  (mlz apigtfa& rl ngtzl}a zafipirnlk shnffs& rl raic` glza ammacrn}a slcnif shnffs& lz rl ak`ikca clggqknr~ fn}nke shnffs.+ IJI cik ja qsab mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB& ikb nr cik ja qsab qsab mlz srqbak srqbakrs rs u`l `i}a `i}a }iz~n }iz~nke ke baeza baezaas as lm nkrak nkraksnr snr~ ~ lm ISB ISB iflke iflke i faizk faizknke nke clkrnkqqg+

2:

IJI gar`lbs cik sqttlzr srqbakrs unr` ISB nk i kqgjaz lm ui~s+ Mlz apigtfa& IJI gar`lbs cik `aft i srqbakr rl? 

ba}aflt tlsnrn}a ja`i}nlzs (a+e+& ngtzl}a r`a ijnfnr~ rl sri~ lk rish& ngtzl}a slcnif nkrazicrnlk.8

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faizk faizk kau shnffs shnffs (a+e+& (a+e+& clgtza` clgtza`aksn aksn}a }a shnffs& shnffs& nkcfqbnk nkcfqbnke e fikeqie fikeqiea a shnffs& shnffs& slcnif slcnif shnffs& glrlz shnffs& icibagnc shnffs.8

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rziksmaz i tlsnrn}a ja`i}nlz lz zastlksa mzlg lka snrqirnlk rl iklr`az (a+e+& mzlg clgtfarnke issnekgakrs nk i stacnif abqcirnlk cfiss rl ginkrinknke r`a siga tazmlzgikca nk i zaeqfiz cfiss.+

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IJI gar`lbs cik ifsl ja qsab rl fngnr r`a clkbnrnlks qkbaz u`nc` tzljfagirnc ja`i}n ja`i}nlzs lzs lccqz lccqz – mlz apigt apigtfa& fa& rl glbnm~ glbnm~ r`a r`a faizkn faizknke ke ak}nz ak}nzlkg lkgakr akr sl r`ir r`ir srqbakrs iza fass fnhaf~ rl nkoqza r`agsaf}as+

Abqcirlzs gqsr gaisqza ik nkbn}nbqif srqbakr%s tzlezass nk r`a ijl}a izais j~ clffa clffacr crnke nke ikb ikb ikif ikif~n ~nke ke biri biri lk ik lkel lkelnke nke jisns+ jisns+ Abqc Abqcirl irlzs zs gqsr gqsr qsa qsa r`a r`a biri biri clffacrab rl barazgnka r`a ammacrn}akass lm r`a tzlezig ikb rl ifraz r`a tzlezig is kacassiz~ rl ginkrink lz nkczaisa i srqbakr%s sqccass+ Tzlezass s`lqfb ja gaisqzab nk icclzbikca unr` r`a issassgakr gar`lbs qsab nk r`a srqbakr%s tzlezig+

Zayqnzagakrs 9+ Sc`llf jlizbs gqsr lmmaz srqbakrs unr` ISB stacnif abqcirnlk tzlezigs ikb saz}nca saz}ncas& s& nkcfqbn nkcfqbnke& ke& u`aza u`aza ittzltzn ittzltznira& ira& stacni stacniff abqcirnl abqcirnlk k tzlezig tzlezigs s qsnke qsnke IJI gar`lbs+

Qkbaz Qkbaz Zaeqfi Zaeqfirnl rnlk k 909,> 909,>0& 0& tznkcn tznkcnti tifs fs iza zayqnz zayqnzab ab rl aksqz aksqza a r`ir r`ir ik NAT ns ba}afltab mlz aic` apcatrnlkif srqbakr unr`nk r`nzr~ sc`llf bi~s lm r`a srizr lm r`a srqbakr%s tficagakr+ Sc`llf jlizbs ifsl `i}a r`a bnsczarnlk rl ba}aflt ik NAT mlz  srqbakrs u`l `i}a klr jaak mlzgiff~ nbakrnmnab nbakrnmnab is apcatrnlkif+ apcatrnlkif+ Srqbakrs unr` ISB `i}a i unba zikea lm abqcirnlkif kaabs+ Tznkcntifs iza zayqnzab rl aksqza r`ir IJI gar`lbs iza nkclztlzirab nkrl r`a NATs lm srqbakrs unr` ISB& u`aza ittzltznira+

23

Tznkcntifs gqsr aksqza r`ir zafa}ikr sc`llf jlizb tazslkkaf= ikb clggqknr~ tazslkkaf5 u`l `i}a tza}nlqsf~ ulzhab ikb,lz iza cqzzakrf~ ulzhnke unr` i srqbakr unr` ik ISB iza nk}nrab rl tzl}nba nktqr ikb tizrncntira nk r`a NAT tzlcass+ R`asa tazslkkaf iza ijfa rl jznke lr`az tazstacrn}as tazstacrn}as ikb zaclggakbirnlks zaclggakbirnlks zaeizbnke stacnif abqcirnlk tzlezigs ikb saz}ncas mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB+ Nk tizrncqfiz& r`a issassgakr nkmlzgirnlk eir`azab mzlg r`asa tazslkkaf cik jakamnr r`a NAT raig nk tfikknke iccqzira ikb clgtza clgtza`aks `aksn}a n}a nkraz}a nkraz}akrnl krnlks ks mlz r`a srqbakr srqbakr ikb tzlglr tzlglra a i clgglk clgglk ittzlic ittzlic` ` rl ak`ikca srqbakr sqccass+

IJI Gar`lbs nk Tzlezigs mlz Srqbakrs unr` ISB En}ak r`a zikea lm kaabs mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB& r`a tznkcntif gqsr aksqza r`ir srimm s`lqfb ba}aflt i srqbakr%s NAT& clksnbaznke stacnif abqcirnlk tzlezig ikb saz}nca ltrnlks r`ir unff jasr riha nkrl icclqkr r`a srqbakr%s nkbn}nbqif srzaker`s ikb izais lm  kaab nk r`a baglksrzirnlk lm faizknke+ R`a tzlezig safacrab gqsr ja jisab lk zafa}ikr issassgakr issassgakr nkmlzgirnlk r`ir nbakrnmnas nbakrnmnas r`a srqbakr%s shnffs ikb kaabs& nksrzqcrnlkif fa}af& ikb faizknke faizknke sr~fa,g sr~fa,glbi lbifnrna fnrnas& s& ikb gqsr gqsr nkclztl nkclztlzira zira zafa}ikr zafa}ikr IJI gar`lbs gar`lbs&& u`aza u`aza ittzltzn ittzltznira+ ira+ Qsa lm mqkcrnlk mqkcrnlkif if ja`i}nl ja`i}nlzif zif issassg issassgakr0 akr0 gi~ ifsl ifsl `aft rl nbakrnm nbakrnm~ ~ i srqbakr%s srzaker`s& kaabs& ikb faizknke ak}nzlkgakr+

U`ak ik ifrazkirn}a tzlezig ns barazgnkab rl ja ittzltznira mlz i tizrncqfiz  srqbakr unr` ik ISB& nr s`lqfb& u`aza}az tlssnjfa& nkclztlzira gar`lbs gar`lbs lm IJI ikb ja tzl}n tzl}nbab bab nk clkoq clkoqkcr kcrnlk nlk unr` unr` i tzlez tzlezig ig r`ir r`ir nkcfqb nkcfqbas as iccl icclgg gglb lbir irnlk nlks s is uaff uaff is glbnmnab faizknke aptacrirnlks is kacassiz~+ Ifrazkirn}a tzlezig izais mlz i srqbakr unr` ik ISB clqfb clqfb nkcfqba nkcfqba&& mlz apigtf apigtfa& a& ja`i}nlz ja`i}nlzif& if& safm'gi safm'gikiea kieagak gakr& r& slcnif& slcnif& ikb clggqkncirnlk shnffs+

U`ak U`ak i srqb srqbak akrr unr` unr` ik ISB ISB zayq zayqnz nzas as iccl icclgg gglb lbir irnl nlks ks ikb, ikb,lz lz glbn glbnmn mnab ab aptacrirnlks& issassgakr ikb a}ifqirnlk lm srqbakr faizknke unff ja clksnsrakr unr` r`a srziraenas lqrfnkab nk r`a srqbakr%s NAT+

22

R`a tznkcntif gqsr aksqza r`ir nksrzqcrnlkif glbnmncirnlks,srziraenas iza qknyqaf~ sqnrab rl aic` srqbakr%s faizknke srzaker`s ikb kaabs+ R`a gnknsrz~ tfiks rl tqjfns` i zaslqzca eqnba akrnrfab Ammacrn}a Abqcirnlk Tzicrncas mlz Srqbakrs unr` Iqrnsg Stacrzqg Bnslzbazs r`ir unff tzl}nba glza barinfab nkmlzgirnlk lk srziraenas+>

Tznkcntfas lm IJI Tzleziggnke R`a mlfflunke tznkcntfas qkbazfna IJI tzleziggnke r`ir ns tzl}nbab rl srqbakrs unr` ISB& u`aza ittzltznira? 

R`a tzlezig gqsr ja nkbn}nbqifnab+ Aic` srqbakr%s stacnmnc tzlmnfa ikb tirrazk lm  srzaker`s ikb kaabs gqsr ja ikif~ab rl barazgnka clkczara faizknke ljoacrn}as ikb raic`nke gar`lbs+ Kl snkefa cqzzncqfqg lz raic`nke srzirae~ ns ittzltznira mlz mlz iff iff srqb srqbak akrs rs unr` unr` ISB+ ISB+ Slga lga srqb srqbak akrs rs gi~ zayq zayqnz nza a glza lza nkra nkraks ksn} n}a a tzleziggnke+ Ifr`lqe` srqbakrs% tzlezigs gqsr ja nkbn}nbqifnab& r`a }iznlqs sqttlzrs gi~ ja tzl}nbab rl srqbakrs anr`az nkbn}nbqiff~ lz nk ezlqt snrqirnlks+

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Tlsnrn}a zankmlzcagakr gqsr ja qrnfnab+ Tlsnrn}a zankmlzcagakr rac`knyqas iza lmrak `aftmqf rl glrn}ira srqbakrs unr` ISB+

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Biri Biri gqsr gqsr ja clffa clffacra crab b ikb ikif~ ikif~ab+ ab+ Zafni Zafnijfa jfa biri biri gqsr gqsr ja clffa clffacr crab ab ikb ikb ikif~ab lk ik lkelnke jisns rl gaisqza srqbakr tzlezass nk r`a icyqnsnrnlk lm  kau ja`i}nlzs ikb shnffs& ikb rl nbakrnm~ shnffs lz ja`i}nlzs r`ir kaab rl ja riqe`r+

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Rziksmaz& Rziksmaz& lz eakazifnirnlk& eakazifnirnlk& lm shnffs s`lqfb ja agt`isnab+ Aic` srqbakr s`lqfb ja riqe` riqe`rr rl rziks rziksmaz maz shnff shnffs s icyqnz icyqnzab ab nk lka lka clkra clkrapr pr rl bnmma bnmmazak zakrr clkr clkrapr aprs s lz  sarrnkes+ Mlz apigtfa& i srqbakr s`lqfb ja akclqzieab rl ittf~ i kauf~ icyqnzab tlsnrn}a ja`i}nlz nk i unba }iznar~ lm ak}nzlkgakrs& ikb rl faizk rl qsa i unba }iznar~ lm zafirab lz sngnfiz ja`i}nlzs nk i }iznar~ lm clkraprs+ R`a qfrngira elif ns rl akijfa r`a srqbakr rl ba}aflt nkczaisnke nkbatakbakca+

:+ Sc`llf jlizb srimm gqsr tfik mlz r`a rziksnrnlk jaruaak }iznlqs icrn}nrnas ikb sarrnkes nk}lf}nke srqbakrs unr` ISB+

21

Rziksnrnlk tfikknke ns ik ngtlzrikr tzlcass mlz iff srqbakrs& jqr astacniff~ mlz  srqbakrs unr` ISB+ Tznkcntifs iza zayqnzab rl aksqza r`ir i tfik mlz rziksnrnlk ns nk tfica mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB+ Rziksnrnlks gi~ nkcfqba? akrz~ rl sc`llf8 rziksnrnlk jaruaak icrn}nrnas ikb sarrnkes lz cfisszllgs8 rziksnrnlks jaruaak ezibas8 gl}nke mzlg sc`llf rl sc`llf lz mzlg ik lqrsnba ieakc~ rl i sc`llf8 rziksnrnlk mzlg afagakriz~ rl saclkbiz~ sc`llf8 sc`llf8 rziksnrn rziksnrnlk lk mzlg saclkb saclkbiz~ iz~ sc`llf sc`llf rl tlsrsac tlsrsaclkbi lkbiz~ z~ basrnkir basrnkirnlks nlks ikb,lz ikb,lz r`a ulzhtfica+

Rziksnrnlk nkrl sc`llf ns lm tizrncqfiz ngtlzrikca mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB+ Zafa}ikr IJI gar`lbs gqsr ja qsab rl sqttlzr rziksnrnlk& u`aza ittzltznira+ Srqbakrs akraz  sc`ll sc`llff mzlg mzlg i zikea zikea lm sarrn sarrnke kes& s& nkcfq nkcfqbn bnke ke r`a `lga `lga ikb ikb c`nfb c`nfb'ci 'ciza za lz tza'sc tza'sc`ll `llff tzlezig tzlezigs+ s+ Nr ns assakrni assakrniff r`ir sc`llf sc`llf jlizb jlizb srimm srimm ulzh unr` tizakrs tizakrs ikb clggqknr clggqknr~ ~ ieakcnas rl tfik mlz i sqccassmqf sqccassmqf rziksnrnlk+ U`aza i srqbakr ns cqzzakrf~ ulzhnke unr` i clggqknr~ clggqknr~ saz}nca tzlmassnlkif& r`ir tzlmassnlkif tzlmassnlkif s`lqfb ja nk}lf}ab unr` r`a rziksnrnlk rziksnrnlk tzlcass+

Glknrlznke ikb Zatlzrnke lm Ngtfagakrirnlk Sc`llf jlizbs iza akclqzieab rl giha qsa lm i ezlunke jlb~ lm hklufabea ijlqr abqcirnlkif abqcirnlkif tzicrncas r`ir iza ammacrn}a mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB+ Zafa}ikr zasaizc` lk ISB unff ja tlsrab lk r`a gnknsrz~%s uajsnra rl tzl}nba nkmlzgirnlk lk nksrzqcrnlkif tzicrncas mlz srqbakrs unr` ISB+

Sc`l c`llf jliz jlizb bs s`lqfb ba} ba}aflt flt i tfik rl ngtfa tfagakr r`a r`a tlfnc fnc~ nk r`ns r`ns gaglzikbqg& ikb s`lqfb clksqfr unr` r`anz Stacnif Abqcirnlk Ib}nslz~ Clggnrraa (SAIC. zaeizbnke r`a ngtfagakrirnlk+ Sc`llf jlizbs s`lqfb ifsl clksqfr r`anz SAIC zaeizbnke r`a glknrlznke lm r`a ngtfagakrirnlk lm r`ns gaglzikbqg& ir faisr lk ik ikkqif jisns+

R`a gnknsrz~ unff nkraezira glknrlznke lm ngtfagakrirnlk lm r`ns gaglzikbqg nkrl apnsrnke zatlzrnke gac`iknsgs+ R`a Gnknsraz%s Ib}nslz~ Clqkcnf lk Stacnif Abqcirnlk& is uaff is gagjazs lm r`a Gnknsrazs% Gnknsrazs% Iqrnsg Stacrzqg Bnslzbazs Zamazakca Ezlqt u`l

2=

uns` rl ja nk}lf}ab& unff ja clksqfrab runca i ~aiz zaeizbnke r`a ngtfagakrirnlk ngtfagakrirnlk lm IJI gar`lbs j~ sc`llf jlizbs+

Mlz mqzr`az nkmlzgirnlk& tfaisa clkricr r`a flcif zaenlkif lmmnca lm r`a Gnknsrz~ lm  Abqcirnlk+

Zamazakca Cnrab Tazz~& I+& ikb Z+ Clkbnffic+ :443+ A}nbakca'Jisab Tzicrncas mlz C`nfbzak ikb Iblfascakrs Unr` Iqrnsg Stacrzqg Bnslzbazs? Za}nau lm r`a Fnrazirqza ikb Tzicrnca Eqnba+ Rlzlkrl? C`nfbzak%s Gakrif @aifr` Lkriznl+

Zaslqzcas 

Uaj Fnkhs mlz Safacrab Lkriznl El}azkgakr Tqjfncirnlks

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Gnknsrz~ lm Abqcirnlk

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Abqc Abqcir irnl nlk k mlz mlz Iff? Iff? R`a R`a Zatl Zatlzr zr lm r`a r`a Apta Aptazr zr Tika Tikaff lk Fnra Fnrazi zic~ c~ ikb ikb Kqga Kqgazi zic~ c~ Nksr Nksrzq zqcr crnl nlk k mlz mlz Srqb Srqbak akrs rs Unr` Unr` Stac Stacni niff Abqc Abqcir irnl nlk k Kaab Kaabs& s& Hnkbazeizrak rl Eziba =& :441+

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Nkbn}nbqif Abqcirnlk Tfiks? Srikbizbs mlz Ba}afltgakr& Tzlezig Tfikknke& ikb Ngtfagakrirnlk& :444+

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R`a Nkbn}nbqif Abqcirnlk Tfik (NAT.? I Zaslqzca Eqnba& :442+

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R`a Lkriznl Cqzzncqfqg Qknr Tfikkaz? Stacnif Abqcirnlk Clgtiknlk& :44:+

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Tfikknke Akrz~ rl Sc`llf? I Zaslqzca Eqnba& :441+

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Stacnif Abqcirnlk? I Eqnba mlz Abqcirlzs& :449+

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Rziksnrnlk Tfikknke? I Zaslqzca Eqnba& :44:+

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Gnknsrz~ lm C`nfbzak ikb ^lqr` Saz}ncas

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Iqrnsg Nkraz}akrnlk Tzlezig? Tzlezig Eqnbafnkas& :44=+

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I S`izab Zastlksnjnfnr~? Lkriznl%s Tlfnc~ Mzigaulzh mlz C`nfb ikb ^lqr` Gakrif @aifr`& :44=+

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Ibbnrnlkif Zaslqzcas

25

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Ifjazrl& T+ I+& ikb I+ C+ Rzlqrgik+ :44=+ Ittfnab Ja`i}nlqz Ikif~sns mlz  Raic`azs+ Qttaz Sibbfa Zn}az& KO? Taizslk Tzakrnca @iff+

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Clggnrraa Clggnrraa lk Abqcirnlkif Nkraz}akrnlks Nkraz}akrnlks mlz C`nfbzak Unr` Iqrnsg& Kirnlkif Zasaizc` Zasaizc` Clqkcnf+ Clqkcnf+ :449+ :449+ Abqcirn Abqcirnke ke C`nfbzak C`nfbzak Unr` Iqrnsg Iqrnsg++ Uis`nke Uis`nkerlk& rlk& BC? Kirnlkif Icibag~ Tzass+

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Clltaz& O+ L+& R+ A+ @azlk& ikb U+ F+ @auizb+ :44=+ Ittfnab Ja`i}nlz  Ikif~sns+ :kb ab+ Clfqgjqs& L@ ? Tzakrnca @iff+

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@amfnk @amfnk&& F+ O+& O+& ikb ikb B+ M+ Ifingl Ifingl++ :445+ :445+ Srqba Srqbakrs krs Unr` Unr` Iqrns Iqrnsg g Stac Stacrzq rzqg g Bnslzb Bnslzbazs azs?? Ammac Ammacrn} rn}a a Nksrz Nksrzqcr qcrnlk nlkif if Tzicr Tzicrnca ncas+ s+ Qttaz Qttaz Sibb Sibbfa fa Zn}az Zn}az&& KO? Taizslk Tzakrnca @iff+

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Sngts Sngtslk& lk& Z+ F+ :442+ :442+ Iqrnsg Iqrnsg Stacr Stacrzqg zqg Bnslzb Bnslzbazs azs?? Nkraz Nkraz}a }akrn krnlk lks s ikb ikb Rzairgakrs mlz C`nfbzak ikb ^lqr`+ R`lqsikb Lihs& CI? Clzunk Tzass+

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' 9+ Nk r`ns blcqgakr& sc`llf jlizb(s. ikb jlizb(s. zamaz rl bnsrzncr sc`llf jlizbs ikb sc`llf iqr`lznrnas+ :+ R`a R`a razg razg iqrn iqrnsg sg stac stacrz rzqg qg bnsl bnslzb zbaz azs s (ISB (ISB.. basc basczn znja jas s *i sqjs sqjsar ar lm r`a r`a Taz}isn}a Ba}afltgakrif Bnslzbazs (TBBs. cqzzakrf~ lqrfnkab nk r`a Bnieklsrnc ikb Srirnsrnc Srirnsrncif if Gikqif Gikqif lm Gakrif Gakrif Bnslzbaz Bnslzbazs s (BSG–N]. (BSG–N].++ R`asa R`asa bnslzbaz bnslzbazs s s`iza s`iza r`zaa clgglk izais lm clkcazk? yqifnrirn}a ngtinzgakrs nk slcnif shnffs8 yqifnrirn}a ngtinzga ngtinzgakrs krs nk }azjif }azjif ikb klk'}azj klk'}azjif if clggqk clggqkncir ncirnlk8 nlk8 zasrzncr zasrzncrab ab ikb zatarnrn zatarnrn}a }a nkraza nkrazasrs srs lz ja`i} ja`i}nlq nlqzs+ zs+ U`ak U`ak qsnke qsnke r`a razg razg ISB& ISB& glsr glsr tzlma tzlmassn ssnlk lkifs ifs iza iza zamazznke rl r`a sqjsar lm TBBs r`ir nkcfqbas Iqrnsrnc Bnslzbaz (qsqiff~ (qsqiff~ zamazzab rl is Iqrnsg.& TBB'KLS (klr lr`azunsa stacnmnab. ikb Istazeaz%s Bnslzbaz+* Mzlg Gihnke i Bnmmazakca mlz Srqbakrs Unr` Iqrnsg Stacrzqg Bnslzbazs nk Lkriznl Sc`llfs? Mzlg A}nbakca rl Icrnlk& Zatlzr lm r`a Gnknsrazs% Iqrnsg Stacrzqg Bnslzbazs Zamazakca Ezlqt rl r`a Gnknsraz lm Abqcirnlk ikb Gnknsraz lm C`nfbzak ikb ^lqr` Saz}ncas& Majzqiz~ :445& t+ =3+ 3+ Njnb+ 2+ Nk r`ns blcqgakr& tizakrs zamazs rl tizakr(s. ikb eqizbnik(s.+

20

1+ Ibit Ibitrab rab mzlg mzlg Gihnke Gihnke i Bnmmaz Bnmmazakc akca a mlz mlz Srqba Srqbakrs krs Unr` Unr` Iqrns Iqrnsg g Stacrz Stacrzqg qg Bnslzbazs nk Lkriznl Sc`llfs? Mzlg A}nbakca rl Icrnlk& Zatlzr lm r`a Gnknsrazs% Iqrnsg Stacrzqg Bnslzbazs Zamazakca Ezlqt rl r`a Gnknsraz lm Abqcirnlk ikb Gnknsraz lm C`nfbzak ikb ^lqr` Saz}ncas& Majzqiz~ :445& t+ =:+ =+ Sc`llf jlizb tazslkkaf gi~ nkcfqba& jqr iza klr fngnrab rl& r`a mlfflunke? tznkcn tznkcnti tifs fs ikb ikb }nca't }nca'tznk znkcnt cntifs ifs88 raic` raic`azs azs88 clqks clqksaff afflz lzs8 s8 raic` raic`azs azs%% issns issnsrik rikrs8 rs8 zaslqzc zaslqzca a raic`azs raic`azs88 abqcirn abqcirnlkif lkif clksqfr clksqfrikrs ikrs88 ts~c`l' ts~c`l'abq abqcirn cirnlki lkiff clksqfri clksqfrikrs8 krs8 Tzl}nkcnif Sc`llf lz Baglksrzirnlk Sc`llf tazslkkaf+ 5+ Clggq Clggqknr knr~ ~ tazsl tazslkk kkaf af gi~ gi~ nkcfq nkcfqba& ba& jqr iza iza klr fngnra fngnrab b rl& r`a r`a mlffl mlfflunk unke? e? lccqtirnlkif r`azitnsrs8 t`~snlr`azitnsrs8 lr`az gabncif tzlmassnlkifs8 c`nfb ikb ~lqr` ulzhazs8 slcnif ulzhazs8 ts~c`lflensrs8 saz}nca tzl}nbazs mzlg ittzltznira clggqknr~ ieakcnas8 iqrnsg tzlezig tzl}nbazs+ 0+ Mqkcrnlkif ja`i}nlqzif issassgakr ns i s~sragirnc tzlcass qsab j~ raic`azs& tizakrs& tizakrs& cizaen}a cizaen}azs& zs& ikb lr`az lr`az tzlmass tzlmassnlki nlkifs fs rl? ak`ikca ak`ikca srqbakrs srqbakrs%% srzaker` srzaker`s8 s8 bascznja tzljfagirnc ikb c`iffakenke ja`i}nlqz8 nbakrnm~ ak}nzlkgakrif micrlzs ikb sarrnke a}akrs r`ir `i}a i tzljfagirnc nkmfqakca lk ja`i}nlqz lz r`ir nkczaisa r`a tzljijnf tzljijnfnr~ nr~ r`ir r`a c`iffak c`iffakenke enke ja`i}nlqz ja`i}nlqz unff lccqz8 lccqz8 ikb barazgnka barazgnka u`ir micrlzs gi~ ciqsa i srqbakr rl ginkrink i c`iffakenke ja`i}nlqz& ikb basnek ammacr ammacrn}a n}a ikb ikb ammnc ammncna nakr kr ja`i} ja`i}nl nlqz qz sqttl sqttlzr zr tfiks tfiks rl zabqc zabqca a lz afngn afngnkir kira a r`a r`a c`iffakenke ja`i}nlqz+ >+ Ibbnrnlkif zaslqzcas cik ja mlqkb nk r`a Zaslqzcas sacrnlk ir r`a akb lm r`ns gaglzikbqg+

2>

ZATQJFNC ICR Kl+ 2=54 Oqka 90& 9>== GIEKI CIZRI MLZ TQJFNC SC@LLF RAIC@AZS ZATQJFNC ICR KL+ 2=54 Oqka 90& 9>== R@A GIEKI CIZRI MLZ TQJFNC SC@LLF RAIC@AZS

N+ BACFIZIRNLK LM TLFNC^ CL]AZIEA Sac+ 9+ Bacfizirnlk lm Tlfnc~+ Nr ns `azaj~ bacfizab rl ja r`a tlfnc~ lm r`ns Icr rl tzlglra ikb ngtzl}a r`a slcnif ikb aclklgnc srirqs lm tqjfnc sc`llf raic`azs& r`anz fn}nke ikb ulzhnke clkbnrnlks& r`anz razgs lm agtfl~gakr ikb cizaaz tzlstacrs nk lzbaz r`ir r`a~ gi~ clgtiza mi}lzijf~ unr` apnsrnke lttlzrqknrnas nk lr`az uifhs lm fnma& irrzicr ikb zarink nk r`a raic`nke tzlmassnlk glza taltfa unr` r`a tzltaz yqifnmncirnlks& nr janke zacleknab r`ir ib}ikca nk abqcirnlk batakbs lk r`a yqifnmncirnlks ikb ijnfnr~ lm r`a raic`nke srimm ikb r`ir abqcirnlk ns ik assakrnif micrlz nk r`a aclklgnc ezlur` lm r`a kirnlk is i tzlbqcrn}a nk}asrgakr lm }nrif ngtlzrikca+ Sac+ :+ Rnrfa Bamnknrnlk+ R`ns Icr s`iff ja hkluk is r`a *Gieki Cizri mlz Tqjfnc Sc`llf Raic`azs* ikb s`iff ittf~ rl iff tqjfnc sc`llf raic`azs apcatr r`lsa nk r`a tzlmasslznif srimm lm srira clffaeas ikb qkn}azsnrnas+ Is qsab nk r`ns Icr& r`a razg *raic`az* s`iff gaik iff tazslks akeieab nk cfisszllg raic`nke& nk ik~ fa}af lm nksrzqcrnlk& lk mqff'rnga jisns& nkcfqbnke eqnbikca clqksaflzs& sc`ll sc`llff fnjzi fnjzizni zniks ks&& nkbqsr nkbqsrzni zniff izrs izrs lz }lcirn }lcirnlk lkif if nksrzq nksrzqcr crlzs lzs&& ikb ikb iff iff lr`az lr`az tazsl tazslks ks tazmlzgn tazmlzgnke ke sqtaz}n sqtaz}nslz~ slz~ ikb,lz ikb,lz ibgnkns ibgnknsrzir rzirn}a n}a mqkcrnlk mqkcrnlks s nk iff sc`llfs& sc`llfs& clffaeas clffaeas ikb qkn}azsn qkn}azsnrnas rnas ltazirab ltazirab j~ r`a El}azkg El}azkgakr akr lz nrs tlfnrnci tlfnrnciff sqjbn}n sqjbn}nsnlk snlks8 s8 jqr s`iff s`iff klr nkcfqba sc`llf kqzsas& sc`llf t`~sncniks& sc`llf bakrnsrs& ikb lr`az sc`llf agtfl~aas+ NN+ ZACZQNRGAKR IKB CIZAAZ

14

Sac+ 3+ Zaczqnrgakr ikb Yqifnmncirnlk+ Zaczqnrgakr tlfnc~ unr` zastacr rl r`a safacrnlk ikb ittlnkrgakr lm raic`azs s`iff ja cfaizf~ bamnkab j~ r`a Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir ammacrn}a qtlk r`a ittzl}if lm r`ns Icr& r`a mlfflunke s`iff clksrnrqra r`a gnkngqg abqcirnlkif yqifnmncirnlks mlz raic`az'ittfncikrs? (i. Mlz raic`azs raic`azs nk r`a hnkbaze hnkbazeizra izrak k ikb afagakri afagakriz~ z~ ezibas& ezibas& Jic`afl Jic`aflz%s z%s baezaa baezaa nk Afagakriz~ Abqcirnlk (J+S+A+AB+.8 (j. Mlz Mlz raic raic`az `azs s lm r`a sacl saclkbi kbiz~ z~ sc`ll sc`llfs& fs& Jic`a Jic`aflz flz%s %s baez baezaa aa nk Abqci Abqcirnl rnlk k lz nrs ayqn}ifakr unr` i giolz ikb i gnklz8 lz i Jic`aflz%s baezaa nk Izrs lz Scnakca unr` ir faisr ane`raak tzlmassnlkif qknrs nk Abqcirnlk+ (c. Mlz raic`azs lm saclkbiz~ }lcirnlkif ikb rul ~aizs rac`kncif clqzsas& Jic`aflz%s baeza baezaa a nk r`a r`a mnafb mnafb lm stacn stacnif ifni nirn rnlk lk unr` unr` ir faisr faisr ane`r ane`raak aak tzlm tzlmass assnlk nlkif if qknrs qknrs nk abqcirnlk8 (b. Mlz raic`azs lm clqzsas lk r`a clffaenira fa}af& lr`az r`ik }lcirnlkif& gisraz%s baezaa unr` i stacnmnc izai lm stacnifnirnlk8 Tzl}n Tzl}nbab bab&& mqzr`a mqzr`az& z& R`ir R`ir nk r`a ijsa ijsakc kca a lm ittfn ittfnci cikr krs s u`l tlssas tlssass s r`a gnkngq gnkngqg g abqcirnl abqcirnlkif kif yqifnmnc yqifnmncirnl irnlks ks is `azankij `azankijl}a l}a tzl}nba tzl}nbab& b& r`a sc`llf sc`llf sqtaznkr sqtaznkrakb akbakr akr gi~ ittl ittlnk nkr& r& qkba qkbazz i ragt ragtlz lziz iz~ ~ srir srirqs qs&& ittf ittfnc ncik ikrs rs u`l u`l bl klr klr gaar gaar r`a r`a gnkng nkngqg qg yqifnmncirnlks? Tzl}nbab & mqzr`az& R`ir s`lqfb raic`az'ittfncikrs& u`ar`az r`a~ tlssass r`a r`a gnkng gnkngqg qg abqci abqcirn rnlki lkiff yqif yqifnmn nmncir cirnlk nlks s lz klr& klr& ja zayqnz zayqnzab ab rl riha riha clgt clgtar arnrn nrn}a }a apig apignki nkirnl rnlks& ks& tzamaz tzamazak akca ca nk gihn gihnke ke ittlnk ittlnkrg rgakr akrs s s`iff s`iff ja nk r`a lzbaz lzbaz lm r`anz  r`anz  zastacrn}a zikhs nk sinb clgtarnrn}a apignkirnlks? Ikb tzl}nbab& mnkiff~& R`ir r`a zasqfrs lm r`a apignkirnlks s`iff ja giba tqjfnc ikb a}az~ ittfncikr s`iff ja mqzkns`ab unr` `ns sclza ikb zikh nk sinb apignkirnlks+ Sac+ 2+ Tzljirnlkiz~ Taznlb+ U`ak zaczqnrgakr rihas tfica imraz ibayqira rzinknke ikb tzlmassnlkif tzatizirnlk nk ik~ sc`llf zacleknab j~ r`a El}azkgakr& kl tzljirnlkiz~ taznlb tzacabnke zaeqfiz ittlnkrgakr s`iff ja ngtlsab nm r`a raic`az tlssassas r`a ittzltznira cn}nf saz}nca afnenjnfnr~? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir u`aza& bqa rl r`a apneakcnas

19

lm r`a saz}nca& nr ns kacassiz~ rl agtfl~ is raic`az i tazslk u`l tlssassas r`a gnkngqg abqcirnlkif abqcirnlkif yqifnmncirnlks `azank ijl}a sar mlzr` jqr fichs r`a ittzltznira cn}nf saz}nca afnenjnfnr~& sqc` tazslk s`iff ja ittlnkrab lk i tzl}nsnlkif srirqs ikb s`iff qkbazel i taznlb lm tzljirnlk mlz klr fass r`ik lka ~aiz mzlg ikb imraz r`a bira lm `ns tzl}nsnlkif ittlnkrgakr+ Sac+ Sac+ 1+ Rakqz Rakqza a lm Lmmnc Lmmnca+ a+ Srij Srijnfn nfnr~ r~ lk agtfl agtfl~g ~gak akrr ikb ikb sacq sacqznr znr~ ~ lm rakqz rakqza a s`iff s`iff ja issqzab r`a raic`azs is tzl}nbab qkbaz apnsrnke fius+ Sqjoacr rl r`a tzl}nsnlks lm Sacrnlk r`zaa `azalm& raic`azs ittlnkrab lk i tzl}nsnlkif srirq srirqs s mlz mlz fich fich lm kacass kacassiz~ iz~ cn}nf cn}nf saz} saz}nca nca afnen afnenjnf jnfnr~ nr~ s`iff s`iff ja aprakb aprakbab ab tazgi tazgika kakr kr ittlnkrgakr mlz r`a tlsnrnlk `a ns `lfbnke imraz `i}nke zakbazab ir faisr rak ~aizs lm  clkrnkqlqs& ammncnakr ikb minr`mqf saz}nca nk sqc` tlsnrnlk+ Sac+ =+ Clksakr mlz Rziksmaz Rzikstlzrirnlk Aptaksas+ Apcatr mlz ciqsa ikb is `azank lr`azunsa tzl}nbab& kl raic`az s`iff ja rziksmazzab unr`lqr `ns clksakr mzlg lka srirnlk rl iklr`az+ U`aza r`a apneakcnas lm r`a saz}nca zayqnza r`a rziksmaz lm i raic`az mzlg lka srirnlk rl iklr` iklr`az& az& sqc` sqc` rziks rziksmaz maz gi~ gi~ ja ammacr ammacrab ab j~ r`a sc`l sc`llf lf sqtaz sqtaznkr nkrakb akbakr akr u`l s`iff s`iff tza}nlqs tza}nlqsf~ f~ klrnm~ klrnm~ r`a raic`az raic`az clkcazk clkcazkab ab lm r`a rziksmaz rziksmaz ikb r`a zaislk zaislk lz zaislks zaislks r`azamlza+

Nm r`a raic`az jafna}as r`aza ns kl oqsrnmncirnlk mlz r`a rziksmaz& `a gi~ ittaif

`ns cisa rl r`a Bnzacrlz lm Tqjfnc Sc`llfs lz r`a Bnzacrlz lm ]lcirnlkif Abqcirnlk& is r`a cisa gi~ ja+ Takbnke `ns ittaif ikb r`a bacnsnlk r`azalk& r`azalk& `ns rziksmaz s`iff ja `afb nk ija~ikca? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir kl rziksmazs u`ira}az s`iff ja giba r`zaa glkr`s jamlza ik~ flcif lz kirnlkif afacrnlk+ Kacassiz~ rziksmaz aptaksas lm r`a raic`az ikb `ns mignf~ s`iff ja tinb mlz j~ r`a El}azkgakr nm `ns rziksmaz ns mnkiff~ ittzl}ab+ Sac+ Sac+ 5+ Clba Clba lm Tzlma Tzlmass ssnlk nlkif if Clkbq Clkbqcr cr mlz Raic Raic`az `azs+ s+ Unr`nk Unr`nk snp snp glkr` glkr`s s mzlg mzlg r`a r`a ittzl}if lm r`ns Icr& r`a Saczariz~ lm Abqcirnlk s`iff mlzgqfira ikb tzatiza i Clba lm  Tzlmassnlkif Clkbqcr mlz Tqjfnc Sc`llf Raic`azs+ I clt~ lm r`a Clba s`iff ja mqzkns`ab

1:

aic` raic`az? raic`az? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir R`ir u`az u`aza a r`ns r`ns ns klr klr tlss tlssnj njfa fa j~ zais zaislk lk lm  nkibayqira mnscif zaslqzcas lm r`a Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk& ir faisr r`zaa cltnas lm r`a siga Clba s`iff ja batlsnrab unr` r`a lmmnca lm r`a sc`llf tznkcntif lz `aib raic`az  u`aza r`a~ gi~ ja iccassnjfa mlz qsa j~ r`a raic`azs+ Sac+ Sac+ 0+ Simaeqi Simaeqizbs zbs nk Bnscntfn Bnscntfnkiz~ kiz~ Tzlcabqz Tzlcabqza+ a+ A}az~ A}az~ raic`az raic`az s`iff s`iff akol~ akol~ ayqnrij ayqnrijfa fa simaeqizbs ir aic` sriea lm ik~ bnscntfnkiz~ tzlcabqza ikb s`iff `i}a? i+ r`a zne`r rl ja nkmlzgab& nk uznrnke& lm r`a c`izeas8 j+ r`a zne`r rl mqff iccass rl r`a a}nbakca nk r`a cisa8 c+ r`a zne`r rl bamakb `ngsafm ikb rl ja bamakbab j~ i zatzasakrirn}a lm `ns c`lnca ikb,lz j~ `ns lzeiknirnlk& ibayqira rnga janke en}ak rl r`a raic`az mlz r`a tzatizirnlk lm `ns bamaksa8 ikb b+ r`a zne`r rl ittaif rl cfaizf~ basnekirab iqr`lznrnas+ Kl tqjfncnr~ s`iff ja en}ak rl ik~ bnscntfnkiz~ icrnlk janke rihak ieinksr i raic`az  bqznke r`a takbakc~ lm `ns cisa+ Sac+ >+ Ibgnknsrzirn}a C`izeas+ Ibgnknsrzirn}a c`izeas ieinksr i raic`az s`iff ja `aizb nknrniff~ j~ i clggnrraa clgtlsab lm r`a clzzastlkbnke Sc`llf Sqtaznkrakbakr lm r`a Bn}nsnlk lz i bqf~ iqr`lznab zatzasakrirn}a u`l s`lqfb ir faisr `i}a r`a zikh lm i bn}nsnlk sqtaz}nslz& u`aza r`a raic`az jaflkes& is c`inzgik& i zatzasakrirn}a lm r`a flcif lz& nk nrs ijsakca& ik~ apnsrnke tzl}nkcnif lz kirnlkif raic`az%s lzeiknirnlk ikb i sqtaz}nslz lm r`a Bn}nsnlk& r`a fisr rul rl ja basnekirab j~ r`a Bnzacrlz lm Tqjfnc Sc`llfs+ R`a clggnrraa s`iff sqjgnr nrs mnkbnkes ikb zaclggakbirnlks rl r`a Bnzacrlz  lm Tqjfnc Sc`llfs unr`nk r`nzr~ bi~s mzlg r`a razgnkirnlk lm r`a `aiznkes? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir u`aza r`a sc`llf sqtaznkrakbakr ns r`a clgtfinkikr lz ik nkrazasrab tizr~ tizr~&& iff r`a r`a gagj gagjaz azs s lm r`a clgg clggnrr nrraa aa s`iff s`iff ja ittlnk ittlnkrab rab j~ r`a Saczar Saczariz~ iz~ lm  Abqcirnlk+

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Sac+ 94+ Kl Bnsczngnkirnlk+ R`aza s`iff ja kl bnsczngnkirnlk u`irsla}az nk akrzikca rl r`a raic`nke tzlmassnlk& lz bqznke nrs apazcnsa& lz nk r`a razgnkirnlk lm saz}ncas& jisab lk lr`az r`ik tzlmassnlkif clksnbazirnlk+ Sac+ 99+ Gizznab Raic`azs+ U`aka}az tlssnjfa& r`a tzltaz iqr`lznrnas s`iff riha iff srats srats rl akijf akijfa a gizzn gizznab ab clqtf clqtfas as&& jlr` jlr` lm u`lg u`lg iza tqjf tqjfnc nc sc`l sc`llf lf raic` raic`azs azs&& rl ja agtfl~ab nk r`a siga flcifnr~+ Sac+ 9:+ Icibagnc Mzaablg+ Raic`azs s`iff akol~ icibagnc mzaablg nk r`a bnsc`izea lm r`anz tzlmassnlkif bqrnas& tizrncqfizf~ unr` zaeizb rl raic`nke ikb cfisszllg gar`lbs+ NNN+ @LQZS LM ULZH IKB ZAGQKAZIRNLK Sac+ 93+ Raic`nke @lqzs+ Ik~ raic`az akeieab nk icrqif cfisszllg nksrzqcrnlk s`iff klr ja zayqnzab rl zakbaz glza r`ik snp `lqzs lm icrqif cfisszllg raic`nke i bi~& u`nc` s`iff ja sl sc`abqfab is rl en}a `ng rnga mlz r`a tzatizirnlk ikb clzzacrnlk lm apazcnsas ikb lr`az ulzh nkcnbakrif nkcnbakrif rl `ns klzgif raic`nke bqrnas? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir u`aza r`a apneakcnas lm r`a saz}nca sl zayqnza& ik~ raic`az gi~ ja zayqnzab rl zakbaz glza r`ik snp `lqzs jqr klr apcaabnke ane`r `lqzs lm icrqif cfisszllg raic`nke i bi~ qtlk ti~gakr lm ibbnrnlkif clgtaksirnlk ir r`a siga zira is `ns zaeqfiz zagqkazirnlk tfqs ir faisr ruakr~'mn}a taz cakr lm `ns jisnc ti~+ Sac+ 92+ Ibbnrnlkif Clgtaksirnlk+ Klrunr`srikbnke ik~ tzl}nsnlk lm apnsrnke fiu rl r`a clkrziz~& cl'cqzzncqfi ikb lqr lm sc`llf icrn}nrnas ikb ik~ lr`az icrn}nrnas lqrsnba lm u`ir ns bamnkab is klzgif bqrnas lm ik~ raic`az s`iff ja tinb ik ibbnrnlkif clgtaksirnlk lm  ir faisr ruakr~'mn}a taz cakr lm `ns zaeqfiz zagqkazirnlk imraz r`a raic`az `is clgtfarab ir faisr snp `lqzs lm icrqif cfisszllg raic`nke i bi~+ Nk r`a r`a cisa cisa lm lr`az lr`az raic` raic`azs azs lz sc`llf sc`llf lmmncn lmmncnifs ifs klr klr akei akeiea eab b nk icrqi icrqiff cfiss cfisszll zllg g nksrzq nksrzqcrn crnlk lk&& ik~ ik~ ulzh ulzh tazmlz tazmlzga gab b nk apcas apcass s lm ane`r ane`r `lqzs `lqzs i bi~ s`iff s`iff ja tinb tinb ik ibbnrnlkif clgtaksirnlk lm ir faisr ruakr~'mn}a taz cakr lm r`anz zaeqfiz zagqkazirnlk+

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R`a ieakcnas qrnfnnke r`a saz}ncas lm raic`azs s`iff ti~ r`a ibbnrnlkif clgtaksirnlk zayqnzab qkbaz r`ns sacrnlk+ Abqcirnlk iqr`lznrnas s`iff zamqsa rl ifflu r`a zakbnrnlk lm  saz}ncas lm raic`azs mlz lr`az el}azkgakr ieakcnas unr`lqr r`a issqzikca r`ir r`a raic`azs s`iff ja tinb r`a zagqkazirnlk tzl}nbab mlz qkbaz r`ns sacrnlk+ Sac+ Sac+ 91+ Cznrazni Cznrazni mlz Sifiznas Sifiznas++ Raic`az Raic`az%s %s sifizna sifiznas s s`iff s`iff clzzast clzzastlkb lkb rl r`a mlfflunk mlfflunke e cznrazni? (i. r`a~ r`a~ s`iff s`iff clgt clgtiza iza mi}lz mi}lzij ijf~ f~ unr` unr` r`lsa r`lsa tinb tinb nk lr`az lr`az lccqti lccqtirnl rnlks ks zayqn zayqnzn znke ke ayqn}ifakr lz sngnfiz yqifnmncirnlks& rzinknke ikb ijnfnrnas8 (j. r`a~ s`iff ja sqc` is rl nksqza raic`azs i zaislkijfa srikbizb lm fnma mlz r`agsaf}as ikb r`anz mignfnas8 ikb (c. r`a~ s`iff ja tzltazf~ ezibab sl is rl zaclekna r`a micr r`ir cazrink tlsnrnlks zayqnza `ne`az yqifnmncirnlks ikb ezairaz zastlksnjnfnr~ r`ik lr`azs? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir r`a eakazif sifiz~ scifa s`iff ja sqc` r`ir r`a zafirnlk jaruaak r`a fluasr ikb `ne`asr sifiznas tinb nk r`a tzlmassnlk unff ja lm zaislkijfa lzbaz+ Kizzlunke lm r`a sifiz~ scifa s`iff ja ic`na}ab j~ zinsnke r`a fluaz akb lm r`a sifiz~ scifas zafirn}a rl r`a qttaz akb+ Sac+ 9=+ Sifiz~ Scifa+ Sifiz~ scifas lm raic`azs raic`azs s`iff tzl}nba mlz i ezibqif tzlezassnlk mzlg mzlg i gnkng gnkngqg qg rl i gipn gipngq gqg g sifiz sifiz~ ~ j~ gaiks gaiks lm zaeq zaeqfiz fiz nkczag nkczagakr akrs& s& ezik ezikrab rab iqrlgirn iqrlgirnciff ciff~ ~ imraz imraz r`zaa r`zaa ~aizs? ~aizs? Tzl}nbab & R`ir R`ir r`a ammncn ammncnak akc~ c~ zirnke zirnke lm r`a r`a raic` raic`az  az  clkcazkab ns ir faisr sirnsmicrlz~+ R`a tzlezassnlk mzlg r`a gnkngqg rl r`a gipngqg lm r`a sifiz~ scifa s`iff klr aprakb l}az i taznlb lm rak ~aizs+ Sac+ 95+ Ayqifnr~ nk Sifiz~ Scifas+ R`a sifiz~ scifas lm raic`azs u`lsa sifiznas iza ittzltznirab j~ i cnr~& gqkncntif& gqkncntif bnsrzncr& lz tzl}nkcnif el}azkgakr& s`iff klr ja fass r`ik r`lsa tzl}nbab mlz raic`azs lm r`a Kirnlkif El}azkgakr+ Sac+ 90+ Clsr lm Fn}nke Iffluikca+ Iffluikca+ Raic`az%s sifiznas s`iff& ir r`a }az~ faisr& haat tica unr` r`a znsa nk r`a clsr lm fn}nke j~ r`a ti~gakr lm i clsr'lm'fn}nke iffluikca iffluikca u`nc` s`iff

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iqrlgirnciff~ iqrlgirnciff~ mlfflu c`ikeas nk i clsr'lm'fn}nke nkbap+ R`a Saczariz~ Saczariz~ lm Abqcirnlk Abqcirnlk s`iff& nk clksqfrirnlk unr` r`a tzltaz el}azkgakr akrnrnas& zaclggakb rl Clkezass& ir faisr ikkqiff~& r`a ittzltznirnlk lm r`a kacassiz~ mqkbs mlz r`a clsr'lm'fn}nke iffluikcas lm  raic`azs agtfl~ab agtfl~ab j~ r`a Kirnlkif El}azkgakr+ El}azkgakr+ R`a barazgnkirnlk barazgnkirnlk lm r`a clsr'lm'fn}nke iffluikcas j~ r`a Saczariz~ lm Abqcirnlk s`iff& qtlk ittzl}if lm r`a Tzasnbakr lm r`a T`nfnttnkas& ja jnkbnke lk r`a cnr~& gqkncntif lz tzl}nkcnif el}azkgakr& mlz r`a tqztlsas lm cifcqfirnke r`a clsr'lm'fn}nke iffluikcas lm raic`azs qkbaz nrs agtfl~+ Sac+ 9>+ Stacnif @izbs`nt Iffluikcas+ Nk izais nk u`nc` raic`azs iza aptlsab rl `izbs`nt sqc` is bnmmncqfr~ nk clggqrnke rl r`a tfica lm ulzh lz lr`az `iizbs tacqfniz  rl r`a tfica lm agtfl~gakr& agtfl~gakr& is barazgnkab j~ r`a Saczariz~ lm Abqcirnlk& r`a~ s`iff ja clgtaksirab stacnif `izbs`nt iffluikcas ayqn}ifakr rl ir faisr ruakr~'mn}a taz cakr lm  r`anz glkr`f~ sifiz~+ Sac+ :4+ Sifiznas rl ja Tinb nk Faeif Rakbaz+ Sifiznas lm raic`azs s`iff ja tinb nk faeif rakbaz lm r`a T`nfnttnkas lz nrs ayqn}ifakr nk c`achs lz rzaisqz~ uizzikrs+ Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir sqc` c`achs lz rzaisqz~ uizzikrs s`iff ja cis`ijfa nk ik~ kirnlkif& tzl}nkcnif& cnr~ lz gqkncntif rzaisqzaz%s lmmnca lz ik~ jikhnke nksrnrqrnlks ltazirnke qkbaz  r`a fius lm r`a Zatqjfnc lm r`a T`nfnttnkas+ Sac+ :9+ Babqcrnlks Tzl`njnrab+ Kl tazslk s`iff giha ik~ babqcrnlk u`irsla}az mzlg r`a r`a sifiz sifiznas nas lm raic` raic`azs azs apcat apcatrr qkbaz qkbaz stac stacnmn nmnc c iqr`lz iqr`lznr~ nr~ lm fiu fiu iqr`l iqr`lzn znnke nke sqc` sqc` babqcrnlks? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir qtlk uznrrak iqr`lznr~ apacqrab j~ r`a raic`az  clkcazkab& (9. fiumqf bqas ikb maas lunke rl r`a T`nfnttnka Tqjfnc Sc`llf Raic`azs Isslcnirnlk& ikb (:. tzagnqgs tzltazf~ bqa lk nksqzikca tlfncnas& s`iff ja clksnbazab babqcrnjfa+ N]+ @AIFR@ GAISQZAS IKB NKOQZ^ JAKAMNRS Sac+ ::+ Gabncif Apignkirnlk ikb Rzairgakr+ Clgtqfslz~ gabncif apignkirnlk s`iff ja tzl}nbab mzaa lm c`izea mlz iff raic`azs jamlza r`a~ riha qt raic`nke& ikb s`iff ja zatairab klr fass r`ik lkca i ~aiz bqznke r`a raic`az%s tzlmassnlkif fnma+ U`aza gabncif

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apignkir apignkirnlk nlk s`lu s`lu r`ir gabncif gabncif rzairga rzairgakr kr ikb,lz ikb,lz `lstnri `lstnrifni fnirnlk rnlk ns kacassi kacassiz~& z~& siga siga s`iff ja tzl}nbab mzaa j~ r`a el}azkgakr akrnr~ ti~nke r`a sifiz~ lm r`a raic`azs+ Nk zaenlks u`aza r`aza ns scizcnr~ lm gabncif micnfnrnas& raic`azs gi~ ljrink afsau`aza r`a kacassiz~ gabncif ciza unr` r`a zne`r rl ja zangjqzsab mlz r`anz rzi}afnke aptaksas j~ r`a el}azkgakr akrnr~ clkcazkab nk r`a mnzsr tiziezit` lm r`ns Sacrnlk+ Sac+ Sac+ :3+ :3+ Clgt Clgtak aksi sirn rnlk lk Mlz Mlz Nkoq Nkoqzn znas as++ Raic Raic`a `azs zs s`if s`ifff ja tzlr tzlrac acra rab b iein ieinks ksrr r`a r`a clksayqakcas lm agtfl~gakr nkoqznas nk icclzbikca unr` apnsrnke fius+ R`a ammacrs lm  r`a r`a t`~s t`~snci nciff ikb kaz}l kaz}lqs qs srzink srzink lk r`a raic` raic`az% az%s s `aifr `aifr` ` s`iff s`iff ja zacl zaclek ekna nab b is i clgtaksijfa lccqtirnlkif bnsaisa nk icclzbikca unr` apnsrnke fius+ ]+ FAI]A IKB ZARNZAGAKR JAKAMNRS Sac+ :2+ Srqb~ Fai}a+ Nk ibbnrnlk rl r`a fai}a tzn}nfaeas klu akol~ab j~ raic`azs nk r`a tqjfnc sc`llfs& r`a~ s`iff ja akrnrfab rl srqb~ fai}a klr apcaabnke apcaabnke lka sc`llf ~aiz imraz  sa}ak ~aizs lm saz}nca+ Sqc` fai}a s`iff ja ezikrab nk icclzbikca unr` i sc`abqfa sar j~ r`a Batizrgakr lm Abqcirnlk+ Bqznke r`a taznlb lm sqc` fai}a& r`a raic`azs s`iff ja akrnrfab rl ir faisr snpr~ taz cakr lm r`anz glkr`f~ sifiz~? Tzl}nbab & `lua}az & R`ir kl raic`az s`iff ja iffluab rl iccqgqfira glza r`ik lka ~aiz srqb~ fai}a& qkfass `a kaabs ik ibbnrnlkif sagasraz rl mnkns` `ns r`asns mlz i ezibqira srqb~ nk abqcirnlk lz  iffnab clqzsas? Tzl}nbab & mqzr`az& R`ir kl clgtaksirnlk s`iff ja bqa r`a raic`az imraz  r`a mnzsr ~aiz lm sqc` fai}a+ Nk iff cisas& r`a srqb~ fai}a taznlb s`iff ja clqkrab mlz  saknlznr~ ikb taksnlk tqztlsas+ R`a clgtaksirnlk clgtaksirnlk iffluab mlz lka ~aiz srqb~ fai}a is `azank tzl}nbab s`iff ja sqjoacr rl r`a clkbnrnlk r`ir r`a raic`az rihas r`a zaeqfiz srqb~ flib ikb tissas ir faisr sa}akr~'mn}a taz cakr lm `ns clqzsas+ Srqb~ fai}a lm glza r`ik lka ~aiz gi~ ja tazgnrrab j~ r`a Saczariz~ lm Abqcirnlk jqr unr`lqr clgtaksirnlk+ Sac+ Sac+ :1+ :1+ Nkbamn Nkbamnknr knra a Fai}a Fai}a++ Ik nkbamn nkbamnknr knra a snch snch fai}a fai}a lm ijsak ijsakca ca s`if s`ifff ja ezikr ezikrab ab rl raic`azs u`ak r`a kirqza lm r`a nffkass bagikbs i flke rzairgakr r`ir unff apcaab lka ~aiz ir r`a faisr+

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Sac+ :=+ Sifiz~ Nkczaisa qtlk Zarnzagakr+ Tqjfnc sc`llf raic`azs `i}nke mqfmnffab r`a iea ikb saz}nca zayqnzagakrs lm r`a ittfncijfa zarnzagakr fius s`iff ja en}ak lka zikea sifiz~ zinsa qtlk zarnzagakr& u`nc` s`iff ja r`a jisns lm r`a clgtqrirnlk lm r`a fqgt sqg lm r`a zarnzagakr ti~ ikb r`a glkr`f~ jakamnrs r`azaimraz+ ]N+ RAIC@AZ%S LZEIKN_IRNLK Sac+ :5+ Mzaablg rl Lzeikna+ Tqjfnc sc`llf raic`azs s`iff `i}a r`a zne`r rl mzaaf~ ikb unr`l unr`lqr qr tza}nl tza}nlqs qs iqr`l iqr`lzn znirn irnlk lk jlr` jlr` rl asrijf asrijfns` ns` ikb ikb rl olnk olnk lzeik lzeikni nirnl rnlks ks lm r`anz  r`anz  c`llsnke& u`ar`az flcif lz kirnlkif rl mqzr`az ikb bamakb r`anz nkrazasrs+ Sac+ Sac+ :0+ Bnsczngn Bnsczngnkirn kirnlk lk Ieinksr Ieinksr Raic`azs Raic`azs Tzl`njnra Tzl`njnrab+ b+ R`a zne`rs zne`rs asrijfns asrijfns`ab `ab nk r`a nggabniraf~ tzacabnke Sacrnlk s`iff ja apazcnsab unr`lqr ik~ nkrazmazakca lz clazcnlk+ Nr s`iff ja qkfiumqf mlz ik~ tazslk rl clggnr ik~ icrs lm bnsczngnkirnlk ieinksr raic`azs u`nc` iza cifcqfirab rl (i. giha r`a agtfl~gakr lm i raic`az sqjoacr rl r`a clkbnrnlk r`ir `a s`iff klr olnk ik lzeiknirnlk& lz s`iff zafnkyqns` gagjazs`nt nk ik lzeiknirnlk& (j. (j. rl ciqs ciqsa a r`a r`a bnsg bnsgns nssi siff lm lz lr`a lr`azu zuns nsa a tzao tzaoqb qbnc nca a i raic raic`a `azz j~ zais zaislk lk lm `ns `ns gagjazs`nt nk ik lzeiknirnlk lz jaciqsa lm tizrncntirnlk nk lzeiknirnlk icrn}nrnas lqrsnba sc`llf `lqzs& lz unr` r`a clksakr lm r`a tzltaz sc`llf iqr`lznrnas& unr`nk sc`llf `lqzs& ikb (c. rl tza}akr `ng mzlg cizz~nke lqr r`a bqrnas finb qtlk `ng j~ `ns tlsnrnlk nk r`a lzeiknirnlk& lz rl takifna `ng mlz ik icrnlk qkbazrihak nk r`ir citicnr~+ Sac+ :>+ Kirnlkif Raic`az%s Lzeiknirnlks+ Kirnlkif raic`azs% lzeiknirnlks s`iff ja clksqfrab nk r`a mlzgqfirnlk lm kirnlkif abqcirnlkif tlfncnas ikb tzlmassnlkif srikbizbs& ikb nk r`a mlzgqfirnlk lm kirnlkif tlfncnas el}azknke r`a slcnif sacqznr~ lm r`a raic`azs+ ]NN+ IBGNKNSRZIRNLK IKB AKMLZCAGAKR Sac+ Sac+ 34+ 34+ Zqfas Zqfas ikb ikb Zaeqfi Zaeqfirnl rnlks+ ks+ R`a R`a Saczar Saczariz~ iz~ lm Abqci Abqcirnl rnlk k s`iff s`iff mlzgq mlzgqfir fira a ikb ikb tzatiza r`a kacassiz~ zqfas ikb zaeqfirnlks rl ngtfagakr r`a tzl}nsnlks lm r`ns Icr+ Zqfas ikb zaeqfirnlks nssqab tqzsqikr rl r`ns Sacrnlk s`iff riha ammacr r`nzr~ bi~s imraz  tqjfncirnlk nk i kaustitaz lm eakazif cnzcqfirnlk ikb j~ sqc` lr`az gaiks is r`a

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Saczariz~ lm Abqcirnlk baags zaislkijf~ sqmmncnakr rl en}a nkrazasrab tizrnas eakazif klrnca lm sqc` nssqikca+ Sac+ 39+ Jqbeariz~ Asrngiras+ R`a Saczariz~ lm Abqcirnlk s`iff sqjgnr rl Clkezass ikkqiff~ r`a kacassiz~ jqbeariz~ asrngiras rl ngtfagakr r`a tzl}nsnlks lm r`a Icr clkcazknke r`a jakamnrs `azank ezikrab rl tqjfnc sc`llf raic`azs qkbaz r`a agtfl~ lm  r`a Kirnlkif El}azkgakr+ Sac+ 3:+ Takif Tzl}nsnlk+ I tazslk u`l s`iff unffmqff~ nkrazmaza unr`& zasrzink lz clazca ik~ raic`az nk r`a apazcnsa lm `ns zne`rs eqizikraab j~ r`ns Icr lz u`l s`iff nk ik~ lr`az  gikkaz clggnr ik~ icr rl bamair ik~ lm r`a tzl}nsnlks lm r`ns Icr s`iff& qtlk clk}ncrnlk& ja tqkns`ab j~ i mnka lm klr fass r`ik lka `qkbzab tasls klz glza r`ik lka r`lqsikb tasls& lz j~ ngtznslkgakr& nk r`a bnsczarnlk lm r`a clqzr+ Nm r`a r`a lmma lmmakb kbaz az ns i tqjf tqjfnc nc lmmn lmmncn cnif if&& r`a r`a clqz clqzrr s`if s`ifff lzba lzbazz `ns `ns bnsg bnsgns nssi siff mzlg mzlg r`a r`a El}azkgakr saz}nca+ Sac+ Sac+ 33+ 33+ Zatai Zataifnk fnke e Cfiqsa Cfiqsa++ Iff Iff Icrs Icrs lz tizr tizrs s lm Icrs& Icrs& apacq apacqrn} rn}a a lzbaz lzbazs s ikb ikb r`anz  r`anz  ngtfagakrnke zqfas nkclksnsrakr unr` r`a tzl}nsnlks lm r`ns Icr iza `azaj~ zataifab& igakbab lz glbnmnab icclzbnkef~+ Sac+ Sac+ 32+ 32+ Satiz Satizij ijnfn nfnr~ r~ Cfiqs Cfiqsa+ a+ Nm ik~ tzl}ns tzl}nsnlk nlk lm r`ns r`ns Icr Icr ns bacfi bacfiza zab b nk}if nk}ifnb& nb& r`a r`a zaginkbaz zaginkbaz lm r`ns Icr lz ik~ tzl}nsnlks klr immacrab r`azaj~ s`iff zagink nk mlzca ikb nk ammacr+ Sac+ 31+ R`ns Icr s`iff riha ammacr qtlk nrs ittzl}if+ Ittzl}ab? Oqka 90& 9>==

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