Solar Tracker Ppt

SUBMITTED TOMR MANISH SINGHAL MR S.VENKATESH

SUBMITTED BYSAURABH KUMAR JAIN(EC/09/42) RITESH KUMAR GUPTA(EC/09/54) RAKESH KUMAR SHARMA(EC/09/150) ROHITASH GARHWAL(EC/09/137)

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Definition of problem Market Solution Introduction Block diagram Circuit diagram Components Software/Hardware used Feasibility Application Future enhancement Work distribution of project Reference Queries 2

 Today’s time solar cells are becoming extremely popular for

utilizing solar energy to use in different ways such as producing electricity, transportation,cooking etc .  So many solar panels have been installed all over the world

and most of them are stable. They are installed in the direction of maximum radiation of sunlight.  Now the problem arises that the sun is moving .So we cannot

use maximum radiation of sun all the time. The position of maximum radiation receiving position only comes once in 24 hours. 3

 Solar tracker is the best solution for receiving maximum radiation.  By moving the solar panel according to the movement of sun

we can always receive the maximum radiation .

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• The earth receives 16 x 1018 units of energy from

the sun annually, which is 20,000 times the requirement of mankind on the Earth. • Solar panels are used to convert light energy into

electrical energy. •

Efficient Solar Power generation System using moving panel is a efficientpower generating system using sun light.

 Two sensors in two directions to sense the

direction of maximum intensity of light. The difference between the outputs of the sensors is given to the microcontroller unit.

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 Microcontroller is used to process the input voltage from the comparison circuit and control the direction in which the motor has to be rotated so that it will receive maximum intensity of light from the sun.  The power generated from this process is then stored in a lead

acid battery.  Stored energy is used to run different appliances

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 It consist of a LDR sensor senses max solar power which is

being given to the Microcontroller through the ADC which digitizes the LDR output.  Controller then takes the decision according to then algorithm

and tilts the panel towards the direction of the max energy given by LDR with the help of DC Motor .  The Motor is used to rotate the LDR to sense the max solar

power.

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 Microcontroller receive

signal from LDR output in digitized form with the help of 555 timer IC.

 It responds back to the input by sending signal to the motor

driver so that motor driver rotate the panel in the direction where more intensity of light is falling by minimizing the difference of resistance produced b/w two sensors to zero

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 1) Microcontroller (AT89C2051)

 2) 555 timer  3) Stepper motor.  4) Lead acid battery (9AH, 12V DC)  5) LCD  6) Solar panel  7) Crystal Oscillator  8) Relays

 9) LDR  10)Voltage Regulator(7805) 11

Microcontroller(AT89C2051) 

low-voltage, high-performance CMOS 8bit microcomputer

 2K bytes of Flash programmable and

erasable read-only memory (PEROM).  128 bytes of RAM, 15 I/O lines, two 16-bit

timer/counters.  a

five vector architecture.

two-level

interrupt

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555 TIMER IC functioning as an accurate time-delay   

   

generator . Timing from micro seconds through hours Monostable and Astable operation Adjustable duty cycle Ability to operate from a wide range of supply voltages High current output that can sink or source 200 Ma Output can be operated normal ON and OFF High temperature stability 13

Solar Panel  Collection of photovoltaic cells.

 Photovoltaic cell is composed of sillicon

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Rated by its DC output power under standard test conditions, and typically ranges from 100 to 320 watts.

 Consists array of solar panels, an inverter, and

sometimes a battery and or solar tracker and interconnection wiring.  The efficiency of a panel determines the area of

a panel

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Stepper Motor • electromechanical

device which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The speed of the motor shafts rotation is directly related to the frequency of the input pulses and the length of rotation is directly related to the number of input pulses applied.

Lead Acid Battery• very low energy-to-weight ratio and a low energy-to-volume

ratio, their ability to supply high surge currents means that the cells maintain a relatively large power-to-weight ratio. These features, along with their low cost, make them attractive for use in motor vehicles to provide the high current required by automobile starter motors. 15

 Microcontroller kit or Atmel AT89C2051

microcontroller.  Keil Micro Vision Integrated Development

Environment.  Proteus Design Suite,Express PCB.

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 Technical/practical :

1.Pollution free 2.Safety in Design 3.Usability 4.Reliable 5.Reduce human error 6.Portable  Economical: 1.Total cost of project=6500-7000/17

 By adding moving equipment and gears it increase the cost

approximately 25%as compare to simple solar system  It require regular repairs and maintenance

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 Heating the water  For power generation at remote places where power

lines are not accessible.  Battery charger  Emergency battery backup  Solar cooking 19

 To improve the sun tracking, a stand alone sun tracker can be

designed using 18 seriesPIC microcontroller.  Utilize a dual-axis design versus a single-axis to increase

tracking accuracy.

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Work

Member

Market survey

saurabh,ritesh

Express PCB layout

saurabh,ritesh

Component mounting

Rohitash,rakesh

Coding

ritesh,saurabh,rohitash, rakesh

Circuit simulation

ritesh,saurabh

Report writting

rohitash,rakesh

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 www.cornelluniversity.com

 www.electronicslab.com  www.hbeon.org  www.wikipedia.com

 www.8051projects.com  www.studymore.com

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