Sociedad de Economía Mixta
July 17, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
Short Description
Download Sociedad de Economía Mixta...
Description
PN@CDGFG GD D@NKNLÌF LCQWF Acstnrcf Db tãrlckn d`nknlìf lcxtf hud cktrngu`cgn fb gdeftd d`nkðlc`n-pnbìtc`n erctækc`n d`nkðlc`n-pnbìtc`n erctækc`n dk dk bf gã`fgf gd 630= pnr, dktrd ntrns, db d`nknlcstf (gd tdkgdk`cfs sn`cfbcstf `rcstcfkn) `rcstcfkn) U.A. Wfwkdy, scdkgn pnstdrcnrldktd rdtnlfgfs pnr db ckhbuydktd pnbìtc`n Fktanky @rnsbfkg (gdb fbf hfecfkf hfecfkf gdb gdb pfrtcgn pfrtcgn bfenrcst bfenrcstff erctækc`n) y ntrns, tfbds `nln Fkgrdw Pankhcdbg, tflecãk fsn`cfgns `nk dsd sd`tnr9 f pdsfr gd bn `ufb vcscnkds sclcbfrds hudrnk dxprdsfgfs pnr db bìgdr `nksdrvfgnr gd gd bf ãpn`f, Afrnbg Lf`lcbbfk Lf`lcbbfk,, `nkvcrtcãkgnsd fsì dk bf efsd gdb `nksdksn qud lfktuvn db dstfgn gd ecdkdstfr dk dk dsd pfìs afstf bf bbdjfgf gd Lfrjfrdt Waft`adr . Pck dlefrjn, fÿk `nk fktdrcnrcgfg yf sd afeìfk sujdrcgn prnpudstfs qud clpbc`fk ukf fprnxclf`cðk lcxtf f bns prn`dsns d`nkðlc`ns. d`nkðlc`ns. ]nr dodlpbn, f kcvdb pnbìtc pnbìtc`n, `n, ukf vfrcdgfg gd prnpuds prnpudstfs tfs qud sd dk`udktrfk tfkt tfktnn dk db Pn`cfbcsln gdln`rætc`n gdln`rætc`n y y Gdln`rf`cf d`nkðlc`f, d`nkðlc`f, `nln dk db bbflfgn Bcedrfbcsln sn`cfb sn`cfb y y Kdw Kdw bcedrfbcsl bcedrfbcsl,, dt`, y, f kcvdb d`nkðlc`n `nk prnpudstfs qud sd pudgdk trfzfr pnr uk bfgn f Onak Ptufrt Lcbb Lcbb,, qucdk prnpusn tfktn db gdrd`an gd bns trfefofgnrds f knlerfr rdprdsdktfktds f bns ðrjfkns gd fglckcstrf`cðk gd bfs dlprdsfs `nln ukf sujdrdk`cf jdkdrfb dk hfvnr gd bfs `nnpdrftcvfs `nnpdrftcvfs gd gd prngu``cðk y, pnr db ntrn y quczæs prck`cpfbldktd, f Ikut Zc`isdbb Zc`isdbb,, qucdk, flpbcfkgn bf ckvdstcjf`cðk gd Uc`frgn Uc`frgn snerd snerd bf gcstrceu`cðk gd bns ckjrdsns, `nk`buyð qud, gfgn qud bf d`nknlìf kn dstfef gdstckfgf f cjufbfr bf rcqudzf, tfb `nln afeìfk supudstn bns futnrds pfrtcgfrcns gdb bcerd bcerd ldr`fgn, sd kd`dsctfef bf cktdrvdk`cðk cktdrvdk`cðk gdb gdb jnecdrkn jnecdrkn pfrf pfrf ck`rdldktfr db db ecdkdstfr ecdkdstfr sn`cfb sn`cfb..
Gdhckc`cðk gdb PDL Ds ukf dlprdsf `nkhnrlfgf pnr fbjukf ckstctu`cðk pÿebc`f (gdpdkgcdktd gdb dstfgn) y pnr ukf dlprdsf prcvfgf pfrf bf rdfbczf`cðk gd f`tcvcgfgds f`tcvcgfgds gd cktdrãs `nbd`tcvn `nbd`tcvn n bf clpbfktf`cðk, clpbfktf`cðk, db hnldktn n db gdsfrrnbbn gd f`tcvcgfgds f`tcvcgfgds ckgustrcfbds, `nldr`cfbds n gd sdrvc`cns. Bf rdspnksfecbcgfg gd flefs pfrtds dstæ bclctfgf f bns fpnrtds dhd`tufgns y `nlprnlcsns dstfebd`cgns fb lnldktn gd bf `nkstctu`cðk gd bf dlprdsf lcxtf. Bf sn`cdgfg gd d`nknlìf lcxtf, dk su gdknlckf`cðk, gdedræ kd`dsfrcfldktd bbdvfr, sdjucgf gd sn`cdgfg fkðkclf n sus ckc`cfbds P.F., bf pfbferf Lcxtf n su ferdvcfturf PFL. Ds fquãbbf dk bf qud fbjukns ldgcns gd prngu``cðk snk gd prnpcdgfg prcvfgf y ntrns gd prnpcdgfg pÿebc`f. ]udgd gd`crsd qud ds ukf d`nknlìf dk bf qud bf fscjkf`cðk gd rd`ursns y db kcvdb gd f`tcvcgfg bn gd`cgdk bns ckgcvcguns, bfs dlprdsfs, bfs `nnpdrftcvfs, bfs `nrpnrf`cnkds pÿebc`fs y bfs futnrcgfgds qud rdf``cnkfk, `rdfk n `nktrnbfk bfs npnrtukcgfgds gd ldr`fgn. Pd `nlpnkd gd trds sd`tnrds hukgfldktfbds? h ukgfldktfbds? Db sd`tnr pÿebc`n, db sd`tnr sn`cfb y db sd`tnr prcvfgn, kf`cnkfb y dxtrfkodrn.
Db sd`tnr pÿebc`n? @nkouktn gd ckstctu`cnkds ckstctu`cnkds,, f`tcvcgfgds y sdrvc`cns dk gnkgd bf Fglckcstrf`cðk ]ÿebc`f y db Dstfgn gdsfrrnbbfk uk pfpdb dsdk`cfb.
Db sd`tnr sn`cfb? @nkouktn gd nrjfkczf`cnkds qud kn gdpdkgdk gdb Pd`tnr ]ÿebc`n y qud snk fodkfs fb sd`tnr prcvfgn? docgftfrcns, docgftfrcns, `nlukcgfgds fjrì`n fjrì`nbfs, bfs, pdqudöns prnpcdt prnpcdtfrcns, frcns, fsn`cf`cnkds gd frt frtdsfkns, dsfkns, `nnpdrftcvfs `nnpdrftcvfs,, dlprdsfs sckgc`fbds, sckgc`ftns, pfrtcgns pnbìtc`ns, dt`. Db sd`tnr prcvfgn? Ck`buyd tngfs bfs dlprdsfs gd prnpcdgfg ckgdpdkgcdktd qud eus`fk bf netdk`cðk gd edkdhc`cns, bfs nrjfkczf`cnkds kn bu`rftcvfs y bfs hflcbcfs. Wngfs bfs ukcgfgds gd bf d`nknlìf qud tnlfk gd`cscnkds y kn hnrlfk pfrtd gdb jnecdrkn. Bfs sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf sd rcjdk pnr bfs rdjbfs gd gdrd`an prcvfgn, snk sn`cdgfgds gd `nldr`cn suodtfs fb gdrd`an ldr`fktcb `nk bfs bclctf`cnkds qud bf `nkstctu`cðk y bf bdy dstfebdz`f. ]udgd `nkstctucrsd efon `ufbqucdr hnrlf gd sn`cdgfg prdvcstf dk db @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn. Bfs sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf rdqucdrd gd gns f`tns ourìgc`ns dk su `nkstctu`cðk qud snk? bdy qud bf `rdf n futnrczf y db `nktrftn gd bfs sn`cdgfg.
Neodtcvns prck`cpfbds gd bf d`nknlìf lcxtf Bf prnpudstf gd bf d`nknlìf lcxtf `frd`d, f gchdrdk`cf gd ntrfs prnpudstfs prck`cpfbds gd nrjfkczf`cðk gd bns scstdlfs d`nkðlc`ns, gd ukf hcjurf `dktrfb n "pfgrd hukgfgnr". h ukgfgnr". Pck dlefrjn, bns prnpnkdktds gd bf d`nknlìf lcxtf f`dptfk jdkdrfbldktd `nln prnyd`tn `dktrfb db rddlpbfzn gd lftdrcfs gd prck`cpcns u neodtcvns cgdnbðjc`ns cgdnbðjc`ns gd gd bfrjn pbfzn ‗ tfbds `nln pnkdr bns prn`dsns y dstru`turfs d`nkðlc`fs efon db gnlckcn fesnbutn gd yf sdf bf `nlpdtdk`cf `nlpdtdk`cf n n bf `nnpdrf`cðk `nnpdrf`cðk n n gfr rcdkgf sudbtf f bf bcedrtfg d`nkðlc`f d`nkðlc`f n n bf bf pbfkchc`f`cðk pbfkchc`f`cðk ‗ ‗ `nk bf prnpnsc`cðk qud, dk bf præ`tc`f, flefs pdrspd`tcvfs tcdkdk fbjukf vfbcgdz, gd f`udrgn f bn qud sd gdsdd bnjrfr. Bn fktdrcnr clpbc`f qud bfs gd`cscnkds fb kcvdb læs fbtn -gd d`nknlìf pnbìtc`f- kn pudgdk sdr fodkfs f, n ckgdpdkgcdktds gd, `nkscgdrf`cnkds y neodtcvns neodtcvns læs flpbcfs, tfktn sn`cfbds `nln ãtc`fs ãtc`fs.. Fb kcvdb læs jdkdrfb, bfs pnbìtc`fs d`nkðlc`fs gd ukf sn`cdgfg kn pudgdk dstfr `nkstrdöcgfs snbfldktd pnr `nkscgdrf`cnkds gd `rd`clcdktn `rd`clcdktn y y dhc`cdk`cf d`nkðlc`f d`nkðlc`f,, sckn qud gded tnlfr dk `udktf `rctdrcns gd Dqucgfg Dqucgfg99 Oustc`cf sn`cfb sn`cfb99 Dstfecbcgfg n cktdjrf`cðk (ck`buydkgn tfktn `nksdksn `nksdksn pnbìtc`n pnbìtc`n `nln @nadscðk sn`cfb)9 sn`cfb )9 f hck gd bnjrfr uk Gdsfrrnbbn sn`cfb sn`cfb y y Gdsfrrnbbn d`nkðlc`n d`nkðlc`n dktdkgcgn dktdkgcgn `nln bn qud Cjkf`y Pf`as bbflf Pf`as bbflf gdsfrrnbbn `nlpbdtn n "tntfb". Dk jdkdrfb, tngfs dsfs sujdrdk`cfs fsuldk qud bf pdrsd`u`cðk gdb cktdrãs `nlÿk prdsupnkd db rdspdtn f bf bcedrtfg gd dbdjcr y gcsdktcr pdrn tflecãk gd pfrtc`cpfr, tfktn gd ckgcvcguns `nln gd jrupns, `nksd`udktdldktd sd dk`udktrfk gdktrn gd bns bìlctds dstfebd`cgns pnr bf gdln`rf`cf gdln`rf`cf y y db dstfgn gd gdrd`an gdrd`an..
@frf`tdrìstc`fs gdb PDL Pus `frf`tdrìstc`fs `nleckfk db `fpctfbcsln y db sn`cfbcsln, fb pdrlctcr `cdrtn kcvdb gd bcedrtfg d`nkðlc`f prcvfgf dk db usn gdb `fpctfb, `fpctfb, pdrn f bf vdz kn clpdgcr qud qud bns jnecdrkns ckt cktdrhcdrfk drhcdrfk dk bfs f`tcvcgfgds d`nkðlc`fs `nk db hck gd fb`fkzfr neodtcvns sn`cfbds. Lu`afs d`nknlìfs lngdrkfs huk`cnkfk gd dstf hnrlf, f pdsfr gd sdr uk scstdlf ldkns ldkns dhc`cdktd qud db `fpctfb `fpctfbcsln csln purn.
Pnk sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf bfs hnrlfgfs dktrd db Dstfgn, prdhd`turfs, lukc`cpfbcgfgds lukc`cpfbcgfgds,, `nrpnrf`cnkds, dlprdsfs pÿebc`fs u ntrfs dktcgfgds gdpdkgcdktds gdb Dstfgn y db `fpctfb prcvfgn, pfrf bf dxpbntf`cðk gd dlprdsfs qud tdkjfk pnr hckfbcgfg db cktdrãs `nbd`tcvn n bf clpbfktf`cðk, db hnldktn n db gdsfrrnbbn gd f`tcvcgfgds ckgustrcfbds, `nldr`cfbds n gd sdrvc`cns.
Bfs sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf snk pdrsnkfs gd gdrd`an prcvfgn y, sfbvn bfs gcspnsc`cnkds dspd`cfbds dstfebd`cgfs dk db prdsdktd @fpìtubn, dstfræk suodtfs f bfs knrlfs qud rcjdk bf `nkstctu`cðk y db gdsdkvnbvclcdktn gd bfs sn`cdgfgds fkðkclfs.
Bf sn`cdgfg gd d`nknlìf lcxtf, dk su gdknlckf`cðk, gdedræ kd`dsfrcfldktd bbdvfr, sdjucgf gd "Pn`cdgfg Fkðkclf" n sus ckc`cfbds "P.F." bf pfbferf "Lcxtf" n su ferdvcfturf "P.F.L."
Ds ukf sn`cdgfg gd `fpctfb n gd ckvdrscðk, scdkgn db fpnrtd gd bns f``cnkcstfs, bf ÿkc`f jfrfktìf gd bns tdr`drns qud `nktrftfk `nk dbbf. Afy ukf `nlpbdtf sdpfrf`cðk gd pftrclnkcns, prnacecdkgn prnacecdkgn bf bdy ckc`cfr f``cðk pnr pfrtd gd bns tdr`drns `nktrf `nktrf bns sn`cns pnr bfs ne nebcjf`cnkds bcjf`cnkds sn`cfbds sn`cfbds..
@ufbqucdr pdrsnkf pudgd sdr sn`cn (`fpfz d ck`fpfz), yf qud sd lcrf db `fpctfb n db fpnrtd y kn bfs pdrsnkfs.
Ds fglckcstrfgf pnr jdstnrds tdlpnrfbds y rdvn`febds, dbdjcgns pnr bns sn`cns, gdrd`an qud kn dodr`d gd lfkdrf ckgcvcgufb, sckn `nbd`tcvf, dstn ds dk fsflebdf `nk bns gdlæs f``cnkcstfs.
Wngns bns sn`cns gdedk rdfbczfr uk fpnrtd pfrf hnrlfr db `fpctfb sn`cfb, db qud sd gcvcgd dk f``cnkds gd cjufb vfbnr. Dstd `fpctfb sn`cfb, f su vdz, sd gcvcgd dk? @F]CWFB FTWNUC_FGN, qud ds ukf dspd`cd gd prdsupudstn jdkdrfb jdkdrfb gd ckvdrscðk qud sd dsp dspdrf drf bbdjfr f tdkdr. Ds ukf dxpd`tftcvf9 dxpd`tftcvf9 @F]CWFB PTP@UCWN PTP@UCWN,, ds bf pfrtd gd dsf sulf n prdsupudstn qud bns sn`cns sd nebcjfk f bbdvfr fb hnkgn sn`cfb y qud kn pudgd sdr ckhdrcnr fb 4=% gdb `fpctfb futnrczfgn9 y @F]CWFB ]FJFGN, ds fqudb qud dhd`tcvfldktd dktrf f `fof, dqucvfbdktd `nln lìkcln f 6/0 pfrtd gdb vfbnr gd `fgf f``cðk gd `fpctfb qud sd sus`rcef. Bf gchdrdk`cf dktrd db `fpctfb pfjfgn y db sus`rctn gded sdr `fk`dbfgn læxcln dk uk fön.
Bf sn`cdgfg pnr bdy gded tdkdr `uftrn ðrjfkns sn`cfbds, bf Fsflebdf Jdkdrfb gd F``cnkcstfs, bf Ouktf Gcrd`tcvf, db Udprdsdktfktd Bdjfb y db Udvcsnr Hcs`fb.
@fgf f``cðk `nkhcdrd f uk tctubfr db gdrd`an gd vntn dk bf sn`cdgfg, tdkcdkgn tfktns vntns `ufktfs f``cnkds pnsdf bf `nlpföìf. Bf sn`cdgfg gdedræ tdkdr lìkcln `ck`n f``cnkcstfs y læxcln uk kÿldrn cbclctfgn.
Frtì`ubns rdbf`cnkfgns `nk bf PDL dk db @NGCJN GD @NLDU@CN Frt. 757.- (@FUF@WDUCPWC@FP) Pnk sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf bfs hnrlfgfs dktrd db Dstfgn, prdhd`turfs, lukc`cpfbcgfgds, `nrpnrf`cnkds, `nrpnrf`cnkds, dlprdsfs pÿebc`fs u ntrfs dktcgfgds gdpdkgcdktds gdb Dstfgn y db `fpctfb prcvfgn, pfrf bf dxpbntf`cðk dxpbntf`cðk gd dlprdsfs qud tdkjfk pnr hckfbcgfg db ckt cktdrãs drãs `nbd`tcvn n bf clpb clpbfktf`cðk, fktf`cðk, db hnldktn n db gdsfrrnbbn gd f`tcvcgfgds ckgustrcfbds, `nldr`cfbds n gd sdrvc`cns.
Frt. 754.- (]DUPNKF GD GDUD@AN ]UCXFGN). Bfs sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf snk pdrsnkfs gd gdrd`an prcvfgn y, sfbvn bfs gcspnsc`cnkds gcspnsc`cnkds dsp dspd`cfbds d`cfbds dstfebd`cgfs dk ddbb prdsdktd @fpìtubn, dstf dstfræk ræk suodtfs f bfs knrlfs qud rcjdk bf `nkstctu`cðk y db gdsdkvnbvclcdktn gd bfs sn`cdgfgds fkðkclfs. (Frts. 56: f 044 @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). Frt. 758.- (GDKNLCKF@CNK). Bf sn`cdgfg gd d`nknlìf lcxtf, dk su gdknlckf`cðk, gdedræ kd`dsfrcfldktd bbdvfr, sdjucgf gd "Pn`cdgfg Fkðkclf" n sus ckc`cfbds "P.F." bf pfbferf "Lcxtf" n su ferdvcfturf "P.F.L." Frt. 75:.- (KTLDUN GD PN@CNP). Wngf sn`cdgfg gd d`nknlìf lcxtf pngræ `nkstctucrsd `nk gns n læs sn`cns. Frt. 751.- (UDVTCPCWNP ]FUF BF @NKPWCWT@CNK) ]frf bf `nkstctu`cðk gd ukf sn`cdgfg gd d`nknlìf lcxtf sd gdedk `ulpbcr, nebcjftnrcfldktd, bns scjucdktds rdqucsctns? 6) ]rnpudstf gd bns prnlntnrds fb Lckcstdrcn gdb rfln n fb nrjfkcsln gdpdkgcdktd gdb Dstfgn `nk db `ufb sd gdsdd hnrlfr sn`cdgfg n gd ãstns fb `fpctfb prcvfgn9 5) Pus`rcp`cðk Pus`rcp`cðk gd uk `nkvdkcn dktrd dktrd db cktdrãs prcvfgn y bf dkt dktcgfg cgfg gdb sd`tnr pÿeb pÿebc`n c`n pfrf bf hnrlf`cðk gd bf sn`cdgfg, `nk prnyd`tns fprnefgns gd bf ds`rcturf gd `nkstctu`cðk y dstftutns9 0) Gd`rdtn Puprdln qud futnrc`d bf hnrlf`cðk gd bf sn`cdgfg, fpruded db prnyd`tn gd `nktrftn gd `nkstctu`cðk y dstftutns y nrgdkd su prntn`nbczf`cðk dk bf kntfrìf rdspd`tcvf, y bu budjn, djn, rd`nknz`f su pdrsnkfb pdrsnkfbcgfg cgfg ourìgc`f, sdöfbfkgn db `fpctfb, pnr`dktfod y pfrtc`cpf`cðk pfrtc`cpf`cðk gdb sd`tnr pÿebc pÿebc`n `n y bns prcvcbdjc prcvcbdjcns ns qud jnzfræ bf sn`cdgfg sn`cdgfg,, scdlprd qud sd bns ntnrjudk9 7) Gdpðsctn dk uk Efk`n gdb `fpctfb pfjfgn9 y 4) Cks`rcp`cðk dk db Udjcstrn gd @nldr`cn `nln sn`cdgfg gd d`nknlìf lcxtf. (G.P. 64 gd gc`cdlerd gd 63::.) Frt. 753.- (DPWFWTWNP). Bns dstftutns gdedk `nktdkdr gcspnsc`cnkds snerd bfs scjucdktds lftdrcfs? 6) Bn prd`dptufgn dk db frtì`ubn frtì`ubn 65: y gdlæs gcspnsc gcspnsc`cnkds `cnkds pdrtckdktds gdb prdsdktd Wìtubn Wìtubn99 5) Bfs f``cnkds gdedk dlctcrsd, kd`dsfrcfldktd, dk sdrcds, `nrrdspnkgcdkgn ukf gd ãstfs fb sd`tnr pÿebc`n. Bfs f``cnkds dstftfbds sdræk knlckftcvfs y trfkshdrcebds snbn ldgcfktd Gd`rdtn Puprdln. 0) Bfs ntrfs sdrcds gd f``cnkds `nrrdspnkgdræk f fpnrtds gd `fpctfb prcvfgn, sdræk knlckftcvfs y trfkshdrcebds dk bfs `nkgc`cnkds sdöfbfgfs dk dstd Wìtubn pfrf bfs f``cnkds gd bfs sn`cdgfgds fkðkclfs9 7) Db kÿldrn gd gcrd`tnrds qud sdræk knlerfgns pnr `fgf ukf gd bfs sdrcds gd f``cnkds, fsì `nln bf hnrlf gd gdscjkf`cðk gdb prdscgdktd. @ufkgn kn sd dstfebdz`f db kÿldrn gd gcrd`tnrds qud `nrrdspnkgf f `fgf sdrcd gd f``cnkds, sd prdsuld qud bf rdprdsdktf`cðk gdb gcrd`tnrcn ds prnpnr`cnkfb f bns fpnrtds. Bns gcrd`tnrds rdprdsdktfktds gd bfs f``cnkds `nrrdspnkgcdktds fb `fpctfb prcvfgn, sdræk knlerfgns y rdlnvcgns `nkhnrld f bn gcspudstn dk bf Pd``cðk XCCC, @fpìtubn X gd dstd Wìtubn. Bns gcrd`tnrds gd bfs f``cnkds gdb sd`tnr pÿebc`n pudgdk sdr rdlnvcgns pnr sus lfkgfktds dk `ufbqucdr lnldktn. Db `frjn gd gcrd`tnr gd bf sdrcd gd bfs f``cnkds prcvfgfs ds pdrsnkfb y kn pudgd dodr`drsd pnr gdbdjf`cðk y, db gd bf sdrcd `nrrdspnkgcdktd fb sd`tnr pÿebc`n, sd dodr`d pnr gdscjkf`cðk9 4) Db lnvclcdktn gd bns hnkgns gded `fkfbczfrsd ldgcfktd `udktfs `nrrcdktds efk`frcfs `nk bf cktdrvdk`cðk gd uk rdprdsdktfktd gd `fgf sd`tnr9 y 8) Wfktn db sd`tnr pÿebc`n `nln db prcvfgn tcdkd gdrd`an f knlerfr knlerfr `fgf ukn uk sìkg sìkgc`n c`n n rdprdsdktfktd dk db nrj nrjfkcsln fkcsln gd hcs`fbczf`cðk cktdrkf gd bf sn`cdgfg.
Frt. 70=.- (F]NUWDP DPWFWFBDP). Db fpnrtd `nk db qud pfrtc`cpd db Dstfgn gdedræ hcofrsd dk kdjn`cf`cnkds gcrd`tfs `nk bf pfrtd prcvfgf, `uyn f`udrgn gdedræ sdr fprnefgn y futnrczfgn ldgcfktd Bdy dxprdsf, pugcdkgn af`drsd dhd`tcvn pnr? (Frts. 700, 703, 77= @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). 6) Fpnrtds gd `fræ`tdr pftrclnkcfb, dk gckdrn, dk ecdkds, ludebds n ckludebds n dk ukf `nleckf`cðk gd ãstns9 5) @nk`dscðk gd prcvcbdjcns gd dx`buscvcgfg dk su dxpbntf`cðk9 (Frts. 64= f 643, 633 f 558, 6434 @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). 0) Bcedrf`cnkds frfk`dbfrcfs, trftflcdktn prdhdrdk`cfb n `nk`dscnkds gd dx`dp`cðk gd lftdrcf trceutfrcf, prntd``cðk hcs`fb n `nlpdksf`cðk gd rcdsjns9 7) Dstugcns, prnyd`tns n `ufbqucdr tcpn gd fpnrtd td`knbðjc`n9 4) @nk`dscðk pfrf bf dxpbntf`cðk gd uk sdrvc`cn gd `fræ`tdr pÿebc`n9 8) Ud`ursns kfturfbds sus`dptcebds gd dxpbntf`cðk. Bns fpnrtds qud kn hudrdk dk gckdrn sdræk vfbnrfgns prdvcfldktd, pfrf bf `nrrdspnkgcdktd dlcscðk gd f``cnkds. @ufkgn dk bf ds`rcturf `nkstctutcvf gd dstfs sn`cdgfgds sd dstfebdz`f db prnpðsctn gd lfktdkdr bf prdvfbdk`cf gdb sd`tnr pÿebc`n sdöfbfgf dk dstd frtì`ubn, `ufbqucdr dkfodkf`cðk gd f``cnkds qud clpnrtf bf pãrgcgf gd bf sctuf`cðk lfynrctfrcf gded sdr futnrczfgf pnr gcspnsc`cðk bdjfb. Bns dstftutns `nktdkgræk bfs knrlfs kd`dsfrcfs pfrf clpdgcr qud, pnr kudvfs dlcscnkds, sd fbtdrd dsf lfynrìf. Frt. 706.- (F]NUWD ]UCXFGN). Db fpnrtd gd `fpctfb prcvfgn pudgd sdr dk gckdrn, dk ecdkds n vfbnrds gdpnsctfgns dk uk Efk`n n dk dstugcns, prnyd`tns y fpnrtds td`knbðjc`ns. (Frts. 643, 633, 5==, 556 @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). Db `nkvdkcn, db Gd`rdtn Puprdln gd futnrczf`cðk y bf ds`rcturf pÿebc`f gd `nkstctu`cðk gd bf sn`cdgfg, gdedk dspd`chc`fr `bfrfldktd db fpnrtd td`knbðjc`n, ecdkds n vfbnrds y db kÿldrn gd f``cnkds qud `nrrdspnkgdræ fb `fpctfb prcvfgn pnr dstd fpnrtd. Frt. 705.- (TWCBC_F@CÐK GD F]NUWDP). Bns fpnrtds kn pudgdk sdr utcbczfgns pnr bf kudvf sn`cdgfg sck bf prdvcf y `nrrdspnkgcdktd `nrrdspnkgcdktd dktrdjf gd bns tìtu tìtubns bns gd f``cnkds. Frt. 700. - (GDWDULCKF@CNK GD BF ]FUWC@C]F@CNK DPWFWFB). Bf pfrtc`cpf`cðk gdb sd`tnr dstftfb gded dstfr `bfrfldktd gdtdrlckfgf dk db `nkvdkcn, Gd`rdtn Puprdln, ds`rcturf gd `nkstctu`cðk y dstftutns y gdpdkgdræ gdb tcpn gd f`tcvcgfg qud gdef rdfbczfr bf sn`cdgfg. Fsclcsln, sd gded dstfebd`dr sc bf dxpbntf`cðk sd rdhcdrd f rd`ursns kfturfbds rdknvfebds n kn, y sc bns fpnrtds prcvfgns snk gd nrcjdk kf`cnkfb n dxtrfkodrn. Frt. 707.- (WUFKPHDUDK@CF UD@C]UN@F GD F@@CNKDP). Bf ds`rcturf gd `nkstctu`cðk pudgd dstfebd`dr bfs `nkgc`cnkds, lngfbcgfg y hnrlf gd pfjn pfrf bf trfkshdrdk`cf gd bfs f``cnkds gdb sd`tnr prcvfgn fb Dstfgn n vc`dvdrsf, `ufkgn fsì bn f`udrgdk flens sd`tnrds dk db `nrrdspnkgcdktd `nkvdkcn gd hnrlf`cðk gd bf sn`cdgfg. Wrfkshdrcgfs bfs f``cnkds dk hfvnr gdb sd`tnr dstftfb, bf sn`cdgfg sd `nkvcdrtd dk dlprdsf pÿebc`f. Pc bf trfkshdrdk`cf sd dhd`tufrf dk hfvnr gdb sd`tnr prcvfgn, bf sn`cdgfg `nktckufræ `nln sn`cdgfg fkðkclf prcvfgf, suodtf f bfs prds`rcp`cnkds bdjfbds qud rcjdk dstd tcpn gd sn`cdgfg. (Frt. 540 @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). Frt. 704.- (PDUXC@CNP ]TEBC@NP). Wrftækgnsd gd sn`cdgfgds qud dxpbntfk sdrvc`cns pÿebc`ns, vdk`cgn db tcdlpn gd gurf`cðk gd bf sn`cdgfg, sfbvn prðrrnjf n rdknvf`cðk, db Dstfgn pudgd tnlfr pfrf sc bfs f``cnkds dk
pngdr gd bns pfrtc`cpfktds pfrtc`cpfktds dk bfs `nkgc`cnk `nkgc`cnkds ds dstcpubfgfs dk db `nk `nkvdkcn, vdkcn, y trfkshnrlfr bf sn sn`cdgfg `cdgfg lcxtf dk ukf dlprdsf pÿebc`f, qud `nktckufræ `nk bf prdstf`cðk gdb sdrvc`cn. (Frts. 6747, 6835 @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). Frt. 708.- (]DUCWFOD). ]frf bns `fsns gd rdgdk`cðk, bcqucgf`cðk, rds`ftd n `ufbqucdr ntrf trfkshdrdk`cf gd f``cnkds dktrd db `fpctfb prcvfgn y db Dstfgn n vc`dvdrsf, f hfbtf gd dstcpubf`cðk dxprdsf dk db `nkvdkcn, flefs pfrtds knlerfræk pdrctns pdrctns qud dvfbÿdk bfs f``cnkds y sc ãstns kn sd pusc puscdrfk drfk gd f`udrgn snerd db prd`cn prd`cn,, sd gdscjkfræ uk gcrclcgn qud sdræ knlerfgn pnr db oudz `nlpdtdktd. Dvf`ufgn db ckhnrld gdb gcrclcgn, qud kn sdræ sus`dptcebd gd rd`ursn fbjukn, db Dstfgn n db sd`tnr prcvfgn, sdjÿk db `fsn, gdpnsctfræk db vfbnr gd bfs f``cnkds dk uk Efk`n y bns tdkdgnrds prn`dgdræk f su trfkshdrdk`cf, prdvcn pfjn `nk db gckdrn gdpnsctfgn, sfbvn qud sd `nkvdkjf pfjns gchdrcgns. (Frts. 6=08, 6705 f 6718 @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). Frt. 70:.- (BCLCWD GD UDP]NKPFECBCGFG). Bf rdspnksfecbcgfg gd flens sd`tnrds dstæ bclctfgf f bns fpnrtds dhd`tufgns y `nlprnlcsns `nktrfìgns. Frt. 701.- (CKXDUPCNKDP DK NWUFP PN@CDGFGDP). Bfs sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf, pnr gd`cscðk gd sus ouktfs gd f``cnkcstfs, pudgdk dhd`tufr, f su vdz, ckvdrscnkds dk ntrfs dlprdsfs n fgqucrcr f``cnkds gd ntrfs sn`cdgfgds, fsì `nln rdfbczfr dstugcns gd hf`tcecbcgfg nrjfkczfr y dstfebd`dr dk db pfìs kudvfs sn`cdgfgds pfrf bf ckstfbf`cðk gd ntrfs f`tcvcgfgds fhckds f su neodtn. Dk dstd `fsn bfs kudvfs sn`cdgfgds pudgdk `nkstctucrsd dk `ufbqucdrf gd bns tcpns gd sn`cdgfg pnr f``cnkds n gd rdspnksfecbcgfg bclctfg bclctfgff y kn kd`dsfrcfldktd `nln sn`cdgfgds fkðkclfs gd d`nknlìf lcxtf. Frt. 703.- (DLCPCNK GD F@@CNKDP ]UDHDUCGFP S ENKNP). Bfs sn`cdgfgds gd d`nknlìf lcxtf, prdvcf futnrczf`cðk gdb ðrjfkn fglckcstrftcvn `nlpdtdktd, pudgdk dlctcr f``cnkds prdhdrcgfs n enkns gd nebcjf`cðk, sdöfbfkgn bfs `nkgc`cnkds, pbfzn, vfbnr y ntrfs qud tdkgræk tfbds dlcscnkds. (Frts. 580, 587 y 58: @ðgcjn gd @nldr`cn). Frt. 77=.- (UD]UDPDKWF@CNK DPWFWFB). ]frf bfs Ouktfs jdkdrfbds gd f``cnkcstfs, bf dktcgfg prnpcdtfrcf gdb sd`tnr pÿebc`n gdscjkfræ gdbdjfgns qud rdprdsdktdk sus f``cnkds dk bfs ouktfs, `nk pbdkfs hf`ubtfgds, vnz y vntn, gdecdkgn f`rdgctfr `nk db `drtchc`fgn `nrrdspnkgcdktd db kÿldrn, vfbnr y sdrcd gd bfs f``cnkds qud rdprdsdktfk. Frt. 776- (]UDPT]TDPWN). Gurfktd db lds gd knvcdlerd gd `fgf fön bf fglckcstrf`cðk n jdrdk`cf prdsdktfræ f `nkscgdrf`cðk gdb gcrd`tnrcn, uk prdsupudstn gd ckjrdsns y djrdsns, dstclfkgn bns rdsubtfgns gd bf prðxclf jdstcðk. Frt. 775.- (WUCETWF@CNK). Dstd tcpn gd sn`cdgfg qudgf suodtn fb `ulpbclcdktn gd bfs nebcjf`cnkds trceutfrcfs y f tngfs bfs gcspnsc`cnkds qud rcjdk db huk`cnkflcdktn gd bfs sn`cdgfgds fkðkclfs, `nk bf snbf dx`dp`cðk gd bfs lngfbcgfgds sdöfbfgfs dk dstd @fpìtubn y bfs hf`ubtfgds n bcedrfbcgfgds qud pugcdrf ntnrjfrbd dxprdsfldktd db
Dstfgn. (Bdy K¿ 107 gd Udhnrlf Wrceutfrcf gd 5= gd lfyn gd 6318. Gd`rdtn Udjbfldktfrcn K¿ 560=1 gd 50 gd oukcn gd 6318).
Edkdhc`cns gd bf D`nknlìf Lcxtf Tkf d`nknlìf lcxtf pdrlctd bf pfrtc`cpf`cðk prcvfgf dk bf prngu``cðk, bn qud sd trfgu`d dk bf dxcstdk`cf gd `nlpdtdk`cf, fbjn qud rdvctfbczf bfs hckfkzfs gdb pfìs. Pck dlefrjn, clpbc`f bf prnpcdgfg pÿebc`f dk db sd`tnr lfkuhf`turdrn, dk gchdrdktd ldgcgf, sdjÿk `fgf `fsn9 `nk neodtn gd dstfr dk gcspnsc`cðk gd rdspnkgdr f bfs kd`dscgfgds gd ecdkdstfr sn`cfb. Bf dstfecbcgfg gd bf d`nknlìf sd edkdhc`cf gd dstf gufbcgfg y bf sn`cdgfg, dk su `nkouktn, sd vd læs prntdjcgf. Dk uk lngdbn d`nkðlc`n gd dstd tcpn, tfktn dlprdsfs, `nln `nksulcgnrds gcshrutfk gd clpnrtfktds bcedrtfgds qud snk clpnrtfktds pfrf flens. Sf qud, fukqud db jnecdrkn pfrtc`cpf f`tcvfldktd y prnpnr`cnkf fpnyn, su `nktrnb sd bclctf, fbjn qud dk tãrlckns jdkdrfbds fyugf f prdsdrvfr bf snbcgdz dstru`turfb.
Xdktfofs læs clpnrtfktds gdb scstdlf gd d`nknlìf lcxtf
Bfs dlprdsfs prcvfgfs pudgdk gd`cgcr `ðln fglckcstrfr sus kdjn`cns.
Bns `nksulcgnrds gcshrutfk gd gcstcktfs np`cnkds gd `nlprf.
Dxcstd ukf gdscjufbgfg gd ckjrdsns ldknr qud dk ntrns lngdbns d`nkðlc`ns.
Bns lnknpnbcns dstæk futnrczfgns pdrn scdlprd efon bf vcjcbfk`cf gdb jnecdrkn, qud vdbf pnr bf oustf `nlpdtdk`cf y dvctf qud sdf clpnscebd pfrf ntrns db f``dgdr fb ldr`fgn.
Gdsvdktfofs gd bf d`nknlìf lcxtf Pck dlefrjn, dstd lngdbn `udktf `nk fbjukfs gdsvdktfofs. Dktrd bns prck`cpfbds ck`nkvdkcdktds gd bf d`nknlìf lcxtf ds qud dstd tcpn gd scstdlfs tcdkgd f ck`bckfrsd læs af`cf db `nktrnb juedrkfldktfb y ldkns af`cf bfs bcedrtfgds ckgcvcgufbd ckgcvcgufbds. s. Dk bf præ`tc`f, dstn sd trfgu`d dk clpnsc`cnkds y rdstrc``cnkds tfk dstrc`tfs qud, dk n`fscnkds, tdrlckfk pnkcdkgn f fbjukfs dlprdsfs hudrf gdb ldr`fgn. Bns rdqudrclcdktns gd rdjubf`cðk juedrkfldktfb pudgdk tflecãk tdkdr ntrn dhd`tn? bf pfrfbczf`cðk gd gdtdrlckfgns tcpns gd prngu``cðk. Bf `nksd`udk`cf gd dstd hdkðldkn sdrìf db gdspbfzflcdktn gdb dqucbcercn d`nkðlc`n. Tk dhd`tn kfgf gdsdfebd y `nlpbc`fgn gd `nktrnbfr. Ntrn fspd`tn kdjftcvn gd bf d`nknlìf lcxtf ds qud db jnecdrkn gd`cgd ukcbftdrfbldktd bf efsd clpnkcebd qud sd gded fpbc`fr f `fgf tcpn gd prngu`tn. Dstf hnrlf gd f`tufr pudgd `fusfr db gds`nktdktn sn`cfb, sc bf `cugfgfkìf `nkscgdrf qud bns clpudstns snk gdlfscfgn dbdvfgns n sd afk gcstrceucgn gd hnrlf ckoustf. Fbjn qud pudgd
su`dgdr f pdsfr gd bns edkdhc`cns qud gd dstd tcpn gd jdstcðk sd gdrcvfk gcrd`tfldktd af`cf dbbns dk hnrlf gd sdrvc`cns pÿebc`ns gd trfkspnrtd, sfkcgfg, dgu`f`cðk, `nlukc`f`cnkds, dkdrjìf n sdjurcgfg. ]nr ntrf pfrtd, bf hfbtf gd jdstcðk gd `nktrnb gd prd`cns pudgd `fusfr ds`fsdz gd ecdkds, `cr`ukstfk`cf qud, sc kn sd supdrvcsf ds sus`dptcebd gd rdsubtfr dk ukf rd`dscðk. @nln dodlpbn gd ukf sn`cdgfg fkðkclf lcxtf pngdlns vdr bf scjucdktd `cr`ubfr?
ONCKW XDKWTUD
Tkf dlprdsf `nkouktf, fbcfkzf dstrftãjc`f n fbcfkzf `nldr`cfb n `nksnr`cn, tflecãk gdknlckfgf `nk db fkjbc`csln onckt fkjbc`csln onckt vdkturd, ds uk pn gd f`udrgn `nldr`cfb gd ckvdrscðk `nkouktf f bfrjn pbfzn dktrd gns n læs pdrsnkfs (afectufbldktd pdrsnkfs ourìgc`fs n ourìgc`fs n `nldr`cfktds `nldr`cfktds), ), f qucdkds sd bds gdknlckf vdkturdrs n sn`cns. Tkf onckt vdkturd kn dkd pnr quã `nkstucr ukf `nlpföìf n dkgfg bdjfb sdpfrfgf. Wflecãk sd `nkn`d `nln «rcdsjn `nlpfrgn¹, gdecgn f qud gns n læs dlprdsfs sd ukdk pfrf hnrlfr ukf kudvf dk bf `ufb sd usf uk prngu`tn tnlfkgn dk `udktf bfs ldonrds tæ``fs gd ldr`fgn. Dstfs lfkdkdk su futnknlìf, y dstrftãjc`fldktd sd ubczfk pfrf `rdfr ukf kudvf lfr`f n ukf kudvf dkgfg. d kgfg. Db neodvn gd ukf «dlprdsf `nkouktf¹ pudgd sdr luy vfrcfgn, gdsgd bf prngu``cðk gd ecdkds n ecdkds n bf prdstf`cðk gd sdrvc`cns sdrvc`cns afstf afstf bf eÿsqudgf gd kudvns ldr`fgns n db fpnyn lutun dk gchdrdktds dsbfenkds gd bf `fgdkf gd uk prngu`tn. Pd gdsfrrnbbf gurfktd uk dlpn bclctfgn, `nk bf kfbcgfg gd netdkdr edkd`cns d`nkðlc`ns edkd`cns d`nkðlc`ns pfrf su gdsfrrnbbn. ]frf bf `nksd`u`cðk gdb neodvn `nlÿk, gns n læs dlprdsfs sd pnkdk gd f`udrgn dk af`dr fpnrtf`cnkds gd gcvdrsf ìkgnbd f dsd kdjn`cn `nlÿk. Bf fpnrtf`cðk pudgd `nkscsr dk lftdrcf prclf, prclf, `fpctfb `fpctfb,, td`knbnjìf, `nkn`clcdktn gdb ldr`fgn, vdktfs y `fkfbds gd gcstrceu`cðk, gcstrceu`cðk, pdrsnkfb, kfk`cflcdktn n prngu`tns. Dk ntrfs pfbferfs, sd cktdr`flecf? `fpctfb, rd`ursns n db sclpbd iknw-anw (ds iknw-anw (ds gd`cr, bf dxpdrcdk`cf). dx pdrcdk`cf). Gc`af fbcfkzf kn clpbc`fræ bf pãrgcgf gd bf cgdkgfg d ckgcvcgufbcgfg `nln pdrsnkf ourìgc`f. Tkf dlprdsf `nkouktf, fbcfkzf dstrftãjc`f n fbcfkzf `nldr`cfb n `nksnr`cn, tflecãk gdknlckfgf `nk db fkjbc`csln onckt vdkturd, ds uk pn gd f`udrgn `nldr`cfb gd ckvdrscðk `nkouktf f bfrjn pbfzn dktrd d ktrd gns n læs pdrsnkfs (afectufbldktd pdrsnkfs ourìgc`fs n `nldr`cfktds), f qucdkds sd bds gdknlckf vdkturdrs n sn`cns. Tkf onckt vdkturd kn dkd pnr quã `nkstucr ukf `nlpföìf n dkgfg bdjfb sdpfrfgf. Wflecãk sd `nkn`d `nln «rcdsjn `nlpfrgn¹, gdecgn f qud gns n læs dlprdsfs sd ukdk pfrf hnrlfr ukf kudvf dk bf `ufb sd usf uk prngu`tn tnlfkgn dk `udktf bfs ldonrds tæ``fs gd ldr`fgn. Dstfs lfkdkdk su futnknlìf, y dstrftãjc`fldktd sd ubczfk pfrf `rdfr ukf kudvf lfr`f n ukf kudvf dkgfg. Db neodvn gd ukf «dlprdsf `nkouktf¹ pudgd sdr luy vfrcfgn, gdsgd bf prngu``cðk gd ecdkds n bf prdstf`cðk gd sdrvc`cns afstf bf eÿsqudgf gd kudvns ldr`fgns n db fpnyn lutun dk gchdrdktds dsbfenkds gd bf `fgdkf gd uk prngu`tn. Pd gdsfrrnbbf gurfktd uk dlpn bclctfgn, `nk bf kfbcgfg gd netdkdr edkd`cns d d`nkðlc`ns `nkðlc`ns pfrf su gdsfrrnbbn.
]frf bf `nksd`u`cðk gdb neodvn `nlÿk, gns n læs dlprdsfs sd pnkdk gd f`udrgn dk af`dr fpnrtf`cnkds gd gcvdrsf ìkgnbd f dsd kdjn`cn `nlÿk. Bf fpnrtf`cðk pudgd `nkscsr dk lftdrcf prclf, `fpctfb, td`knbnjìf, `nkn`clcdktn gdb ldr`fgn, vdktfs y `fkfbds gd gcstrceu`cðk, pdrsnkfb, kfk`cflcdktn n prngu`tns. Dk ntrfs pfbferfs, sd cktdr`flecf? `fpctfb, rd`ursns n db sclpbd iknw-anw (ds gd`cr, bf dxpdrcdk`cf). Gc`af fbcfkzf kn clpbc`fræ bf pãrgcgf gd bf cgdkgfg d ckgcvcgufbcgfg `nln pdrsnkf ourìgc`f. Bf cgdf efsd gd hnrlfr ukf onckt vdkturd ds db ukcr `nkn`clcdktn, fptugds y rd`ursns, `nlpfrdkgn f su vdz bfs jfkfk`cfs y bns rcdsjns.
Kn dxcstdk rdqucsctns snerd bf hnrlf gd f`tufr `nkouktfldktd. Bfs dlprdsfs pudgdk rlfr uk `nktrftn gd `nbfenrf`cðk (tflecãk `nktrftn gd fsn`cf`cðk), `nkstucr ukf TWD (rd`nkn`cgfs pnr db Gdrd`an dspfönb y frjdkkn) n ck`busn ukf sn`cdgfg pfr`cpfgf pnr flefs.
Dstd pn gd fsn`cf`cnkds sudbdk dstfebd`drsd f ldgcfkn n bfrjn pbfzn, tngf vdz qud bns neodvns qud eus`fk kn snk sdk`cbbns gd fb`fkzfr y rdqucdrdk lu`af pbfkdf`cðk y dod`u`cðk, pnr bn qud af`drbn f `nrtn pbfzn rdprdsdktfrìf gdlfscfgns `nstns y bfs pn`fs prnefecbcgfgds gd su rdfbczf`cðk.
Ds `frf`tdrìs`f gcskvf gd ukf onckt vdkturd db qud sus cktdjrfktds lfkdkdk su cgdkgfg d ckgdpdkgdk`cf pfrf `nk dbbf, fsì `nln pfrf `nk bns gdlæs vdkturdrs, kn dxcstd kc huscðk kc fesnr`cðk pfrf clpbdldktfrbf, sfbvn qud dsd afyf scgn ukn gd bns `nlprnlcsns `nkouktns pf`tfgns dktrd bfs pfrtds. Bf onckt vdkturd tflecãk pudgd gfrsd dk db `fsn gd qud bns vdkturdrs sd ukfk snbn pfrf bf `rdf`cðk gd uk kudvn prngu`tn n bf fjcbczf`cðk gd ukf bìkdf gd dksflebfod.
Bf gchdrdk`cf dktrd ukf onckt vdkturd y ukf huscðk ds qud dk d k db `fsn gd bf onckt vdkturd, bfs dlprdsfs F y E sd ouktfk pfrf `rdfr ukf dlprdsf @9 dxcstdk fanrf trds dlprdsfs9 f dstd hdkðldkn sd bd cgdk`f cgdk`f `nln ukf onckt vdkturd `nrpnrfvf n ck`nrpnrfgf. Dk `flecn, dk ukf huscðk (ldrjdr, dk ckjbãs), bf dlprdsf F (huscnkfgf) sd huscnkf `nk bf dlprdsf E (huscnkfktd)9 dxcstd, f pfrr gd dktnk`ds, snbfldktd bf dlprdsf huscnkfgf.
Dk ukf dlprdsf `nkouktf, bns sn`cns sudbdk sdjucr npdrfkgn sus kdjn`cns n dlprdsfs gd lfkdrf ckgdpdkgcdktd. Bf dlprdsf `nkouktf supnkd uk kdjn`cn læs, dstf vdz `nk uk sn`cn, `uyns edkd`cns n pãrgcgfs rdpnrtfræk dk bf `udktf gd rdsubtfgns gd `fgf ukn dk huk`cðk gd bf hnrlf ourìgc`f `nk bf qud sd afyf dstru`turfgn bf prnpcf dlprdsf `nkouktf.
Pd gded f`bfrfr sc ukf onckt vdkturd clpbc`f snbfldktd bf sn`cdgfg dstrftãjc`f dktrd dlprdsfs gd jdkdrf`cðk prcvfgf n sc db `nk`dptn pudgd fpbc`frsd f dlprdsfs prcvfgfs dk `nkouktn `nk nrjfkczf`cnkds gd bf fglckcstrf`cðk pÿebc`f gd nrgdk kf`cnkfb, prnvck`cfb n lukc`cpfb. Pc dstn ds pnscebd, bf cktdjrf`cðk gd `fpctfbds prcvfgns `nk ckvdrscðk pÿebc`f f`frrdfrìf edkd`cns gd `frf`tdrìs`fs clpnkgdrfebds pfrf bns dstfgns, dspd`cfbldktd `ufkgn dstfs f``cnkds `nkouktfs tdkjfk bujfr dk db ærdf gd bf `cdk`cf y bf td`knbnjìf.
KDNBCEDUFBCPLN
Db kdnbcedrfbcsln ‐tflecãk bbflfgn kudvn bcedrfbcsln n bcedrfbcsln td`kn`ræ`n‐ ds bf `nrrcdktd d`nkðlc`f y pnbì`f `fpctfbcstf, ckspcrfgf y rdspnksfebd gdb rdsurjclcdktn gd bfs cgdfs fsn`cfgfs fb bcedrfbcsln `bæsc`n n prcldr bcedrfbcsln gdsgd bfs gã`fgfs gd 63:= y 631=.Y6\ Y5\ Bns gdhdksnrds gdb kdnbcedrfbcsln fpnyfk ukf flpbcf bcedrfbczf`cðk gd bf d`nknlìf, db bcerd `nldr`cn dk jdkdrfb y ukf græs`f rdgu``cðk gdb jfstn pÿebc`n y gd bf cktdrvdk`cðk gdb Dstfgn dk bf d`nknlìf dk hfvnr gdb sd`tnr prcvfgn, qud pfsfrìf f gdsdlpdöfr bfs `nlpdtdk`cfs trfgc`cnkfbldktd fsulcgfs pnr db Dstfgn.Y0\ Y7\ Y4\ Pck dlefrjn, db usn y gdkc`cðk gdb tãrlckn af cgn dvnbu`cnkfkgn dk bfs ÿblfs gã`fgfsY8\ y kn afy uk `rctdrcn ukc`fgn pfrf gdtdrlckfr quã ds «kdnbcedrfbcsln¹. Dk bf f`tufbcgfg db tãrlckn lfkdkd sus `nkkntf`cnkds kdjfvfs y ds ubczfgn pnr sus `rì`ns `nln ukf `nkgdkf jdkdrfb fb bcedrfbcsln d`nkðlc`n y sus pnbì`fs, dstn ds, bf prcvfzf`cðk gd dlprdsfs dstftfbds y bf fpdrturf y gdsrdjubfrczf`cðk gd bns ldr`fgns.Y7\ Y8\ Bf fgnp`cðk gd bfs pnbì`fs kdnbcedrfbds y bf f`dptf`cðk gd su tdnrìf d`nkðlc`f gdsgd bf gã`fgf gd 63:= pnr bf lfynrìf gd bns pfìsds gdsfrrnbbfgns sd vdk `nln bf `fusf
gdb aukgclcdktn gdb scstdlf kfk`cdrn cktdrkf`cnkfb gdb fön 5==: y 5==1 qud læs tfrgd sd lfkchdstð dk bf bbflfgf Jrfk Ud`dscðk.
@nrrcdktds pnbì`fs dk Bfknflãrc`f (f`tufbczf`cðk? lfrzn 5=68)? Cgdnbnjìf `nlukcstf9Y66\ `nlukcstf9Y66\ Czqucdrgf99Y65\ Czqucdrgf99Y65\ Y60\ Pn`cfbgdln`rf`cf9Y67\ Pn`cfbgdln`rf`cf9Y67\ Y64\ @dktrngdrd`af9Y68\ @dktrngdrd`af9Y68\ Y6:\ Y6:\ Y61\ Gdrd`af9 N bcedrfbcsln Gdrd`af kdnbcedrfbY63\ kdnbcedrfb Y63\ sck dlefrjn `nln sd vdræ dk db `nktdkcgn gdb fr`ubn kn afy uk `rctdrcn ukc`fgn td`kn`ræ`n, pfrf gdtdrlckfr quã ds "kdnbcedrfbcsln". Db kdnbcedrfbcsln prnpnkd qud sd gdod dk lfkns gd bns pfr`ubfrds n dlprdsfs d lprdsfs prcvfgfs db lfynr kÿldrn gd f`vcgfgds d`nkðlc`fs pnscebd. Cjufbldktd prnpnkd ukf bclctf`cðk gdb pfpdb gdb Dstfgn Dstfgn dk dk bf d`nknlìf9 bf prcvfzf`cðk gd dlprdsfs pÿebc`fs dlprdsfs pÿebc`fs y bf rdgu``cðk gdb tflfön gdb Dstfgn, ds gd`cr, ukf rdgu``cðk gdb pnr`dktfod gdb ]CE ]CE `nktrnbfgn `nktrnbfgn n fglckcstrfgn gcrd`tfldktd pnr db Dstfgn. Udspd`tn fb gdrd`an bfenrfb, bfenrfb, ldr`fkb y bfs rdjubf`cnkds d`nkðlc`fs jdkdrfbds db kdnbcedrfbcsln prnpnkd bf "dxcecbczf`cðk" bfenrfb bfenrfb,, bf dbclckf`cðk gd rdstrc``cnkds y rdjubf`cnkds f bf f`vcgfg d`nkðlc`f, bf fpdrturf gd hrnktdrfs pfrf ldr`fk`ìfs, ldr`fk`ìfs, `fpctfbds y uons kfk`cdrns. Bfs pnbì`fs lf`rnd`nkðlc`fs rd`nldkgfgfs pnr tdðrc`ns n cgdðbnjns kdnbcedrfbds (dk prck`cpcn rd`nldkgf`cnkds f pfìsds tfktn ckgustrcfbczfgns, `nln dk gdsfrrnbbn) ck`buydk?
]nbì`fs lnkdtfrcfs rdstrc`vfs? Fuldktfr tfsfs gd cktdrãs cktdrãs n n rdgu`cr bf nhdrtf gd gckdrn afstf gckdrn afstf bnjrfr ukf ckf`cðk `dr`fkf ckf`cðk `dr`fkf f `drn y dvctfr db rcdsjn gd gdvfbuf`cnkds gd bf lnkdgf lnkdgf.. Bns pfrgfrcns gdb kdnbcedrfbcsln `rddk qud dstfs ldgcgfs, dvctfk bns bbflfgns `c`bns gdb ldr`fgn. ldr`fgn. ]nbì`fs s`fbds rdstrc`vfs? Fuldktfr bns clpudstns snerd clpudstns snerd db `nksulnY `nksulnY`ctf rdqudrcgf\ rdqudrcgf\ y rdgu`cr bns clpudstns snerd bf prngu``cðk, prngu``cðk, bf rdktf pdrsnkfb y pdrsnkfb y bns edkd`cns dlprdsfrcfbds. Wflecãk prnpnkdk dbclckfr rdjìldkds dspd`cfbds y gcslckucr db jfstn pÿebc`n. pÿebc`n. Bcedrfbczf`cðk/gdsrdjubf`cðk? Bns pfrgfrcns pnbì`fs kdnbcedrfbds gddkgdk bf bcedrfbczf`cðk n gdsrdjubf`cðk pfrf db `nldr`cn `nln `nldr`cn `nln pfrf bfsgd ckvdrscnkds pnr `nkscgdrfrbfs pnscvfs pfrf db `rd`clcdktn d`nkðlc`n. Cjufbldktd sd `nkscgdrf pnscvf bf dbclckf`cðk gd lu`afs rdjbfs y rdstrc``cnkds, rdgu`cãkgnbfs f uk lìkcln kd`dsfrcn (snerd tngn bf jfrfkf gdb rãjcldk gd prnpcdgfg y gd bf sdjurcgfg). Dk pfr`ubfr fenjfk pnr fuldktfr bf lnvcbcgfg gd `fpctfbds y `fpctfbds y bf dxcecbcgfg bfenrfb. bfenrfb. ]rcvfzf`cðk? Pd `nkscgdrf qud bns fjdktds prcvfgns dkgdk f sdr læs prngu`vns y d`cdktds qud bns pÿebc`ns y qud db Dstfgn gded f`ac`frsd pfrf sdr læs d`cdktd y pdrlcr qud db sd`tnr prcvfgn sdf db dk`frjfgn gd bf jdkdrf`cðk gd rcqudzf. rcqudzf. Dk tngns bns `fsns, bns tdðrc`ns gdknlckfgns kdnbcedrfbds frlfk qud bf ldonr lfkdrf gd fb`fkzfr bf gcstrceu`cðk gd bf rcqudzf y db ecdkdstfr gd bns ckgcvcguns ds ldgcfktd uk `rd`clcdktn tntfb gdb prngu`tn, prngu`tn, qud pnr su prnpcf gckælc`f pdrldf fb tntfb gd bns cktdjrfktds gd bf sn`cdgfg (bf bbflfgf trc`ibd gnwk pnbc`y pnbì`f gdb gdrrfld d`nkðlc`n)9 `nln bcedrfbds prnludvdk «ldgcfktd db edkd`cn ckgcvcgufb, fb`fkzfr db edkd`cn gd tngf bf sn`cdgfg¹. sn`cdgfg ¹. ]UCXFWC_F@CNK
Bf prcvf prcvfzf` zf`cðk cðk ds uk prn prn`dsn `dsn our ourìgc ìgc`n`n-d`n d`nkðl kðlc`n c`n ldg ldgcfk cfktd td db `uf `ufbb bfs f`vcg f`vcgfgd fgdss dlp dlprds rdsfrc frcfbd fbdss snk trfkshdrcgfs gdb sd`tnr pÿebc`n fb sd`tnr prcvfgn, ds gd`cr, trfspfsfgfs n tnlfgfs yf sdf gdsgd db Dstfgn n bf `nlukcgfg (vdr Ecdk pÿebc`n y prnpcdgfg `nlukctfrcf) af`cf fjdktds d`nkðlc`ns prcvfgns.
@nk hrd`ud hrd`udk`c k`cf, f, bf prcvf prcvfzf` zf`cðk cðk gd lnknpn lnknpnbcn bcnss dstftf dstftfbds bds af scgn scgn ukf ldg ldgcgf cgf pc pc`fl `fldkt dktd d fgn fgnptf ptfgf gf pnr jnecdrkns gd bf gdrd`af pnbì`f `nk db neodvn gd hfvnrd`dr bf `nlpdtdk`cf. Bf prcvfzf`cðk gd uk sd`tnr qud drf `nlpdtdk`cf dx`buscvf gdb Dstfgn pdrlctd f ntrns f`tnrds kn-juedrkfldktfbds cktdrvdkcr dk bf kfk`cf`cðk y prngu``cðk gd ecdkds y prdstf`cðk gd sdrvc`cns. Fsì lcsln bf prcvfzf`cðk cktrngu`d `flecns dk bfs huk`cnkds y rdspnksfecbcgfgds pÿebc`fs y prcvfgfs. Kn kd`dsfrcfldktd sd bclctf f bf vdktf gd dlprdsfs pÿebc`fs. Bf prcvfzf`cðk supnkd gcslckucr db jrfgn gd ckudk`cf gdb Dstfgn, sctuf`cðk qud pfrf fbjukns pudgd bbdjfr f uk cktdktn gd gdslnktfr db Dstfgn, y gdofr dk lfkns gd fjdktds prcvfgns y gdb ldr`fgn bn qud fktdrcnrldktd afeìf scgn fglckcstrfgn pnr db Dstfgn. Dk sus vdrscnkds rfgc`fbds sd pbfktdf qud ck`busn ds pnscebd vnbvdr prcvfgns sdrvc`cns `nln db pngdr ougc`cfb, qud f`tufbldktd ds dstftfb y ÿkc`n n bf pbfkc`f`cðk urefkf.
Pudbd `nkhukgcrsd `nk bf `fpctfbczf`cðk gd dlprdsfs pÿebc`fs qud sd pudgd gdkcr `nln uk prn`dsn dk db `ufb sd vdkgd f ckvdrscnkcstfs prcvfgns ukf pfrtd gd bfs f``cnkds, qud kn dstæ gdkcgn `ufktn gded sdr pdrn dk bf lfynrìf gd bns `fsns ns`cbf dktrd 7= % f 8= % gd bfs f``cnkds, pudgd sdr læs, pudgd sdr ldkns, yf qud kn dxcstd uk pftrðk on. Bf prcvfzf`cðk ds bn npudstn f bf dstfzf`cðk. Wflpn`n gded `nkhukgcrsd `nk bf trf trfksk kskf`c f`cnkf nkfbcz bczf`c f`cðk ðk dk qud db Dstfgn Dstfgn trf trfks ksdrd drd db gnlckc gnlckcn n gd ukf dlprds dlprdsf f pÿe pÿebc` bc`f f f uk `nksnr `nksnr`cn `cn cktdrkf`cnkfb, dstftfb n prcvfgn, sck qud gc`af ldgcgf kd`dsfrcfldktd vfyf gd bf lfkn `nk ukf fpdrturf f bf bcerd dlprdsf dk gc`an sdrvc`cn.
PN@CFBCPLN S KF@CNKFBC_F@CNK Db Pn`cfbcsln ds bf gn`trckf pnbìtc`f, d`nkðlc`f y sn`cfb qud fspcrf bf rdhnrlf rfgc`fb gd bf sn`cdgfg, ldgcfktd bf snbu`cðk prcnrctfrcf gd bns prnebdlfs qud fhd`tfk f bfs jrfkgds lfynrìfs gd bf pnebf`cðk , dstn ds, f bf `bfsd trfefofgnrf n prnbdtfrcf9 prclfkgn, dk vcrtug gd bf `bfsd trfefofgnrf, db cktdrãs gd ãstf snerd db cktdrãs prcvfgn n pfrtc`ubfr.
Efsds gdb Pn`cfbcsln Bns puktns eæsc`ns gdb Pn`cfbcsln, snk bns scjucdktds?
Wrfkshnrlf`cðk gd bf prnpcdgfg prcvfgf `fpctfbcstf, ds gd`cr, gd bns ldgcns gd prngu``cðk (`fpctfbds, hæerc`fs, tcdrrfs, lfquckfrcf, lftdrcfs prclfs, dt`.), dk prnpcdgfg `nbd`tcvf, ck`nrpnrfgf f bf `nlukcgfg nerdrf.
Dbclckfr bfs `bfsds sn`cfbds y dstfebd`dr bf vcjdk`cf gdb prnbdtfrcfgn dk tfktn sd `nkstctuyd f sn`cdgfg `nlukcstf, sck `bfsds y sck Dstfgn.
Udpfrtn dquctftcvn tfktn gdb trfefon `nln gd sus hrutns, dktrd bns nerdrns, ds gd`cr, dktrd bf `bfsd trfefofgnrf y ukf nrjfkczf`cðk rf`cnkfb gd bf d`nknlìf.
]bfkchc`f`cðk gdb trfefon `nk `rctdrcn dlckdktdldktd `cdktìhc`n y td`knbðjc`n y, f su vdz, aulfkn.
Dstfebd`clcdktn gd uk jnecdrkn gcrcjcgn pnr bf `bfsd prnbdtfrcf.
Bf hckfbcgfg gd bfs dlprdsfs ds netdkdr edkdhc`cns pfrf bf sn`cdgfg.
Db Dstfgn cktdrvcdkd `fsc tntfbldktd dk db prn`dsn prngu`tcvn.
Db Dstfgn ds prnpcdtfrcn gd bns ldgcns gd prngu``cðk.
Bns trfefofgnrds snk ckgcrd`tfldktd prnpcdtfrcns.
Ds`fsfs sn`cdgfgds dlprdsfrcfbds prcvfgfs.
Fpdkfs dxcstd ckc`cftcvf prcvfgf.
Pd eus`f sftcshf`dr bfs kd`dscgfgds `nbd`tcvfs.
Db hck gdb sn`cfbcsln ds gfr sftcshf``cðk f bfs `rd`cdktds kd`dscgfgds lftdrcfbds y `ubturfbds gd tngf bf sn`cdgfg y gd `fgf ukn gd sus lcdlerns snerd bf efsd gd cjufbgfg, dqucgfg d`nkðlc`f, gdsfrrnbbfr gd lfkdrf ck`dsfktd y pbfkchc`fgf bf d`nknlìf d`nknlìf kf`cnkfb, gd ck`rdldktfr ckck ckcktdrrulpcgfldktd tdrrulpcgfldktd bf prngu prngu`tcvcgfg `tcvcgfg gdb trfefon ssn`cfb. n`cfb.
Bf d`nknlìf sn`cfbcstf sd fpnyf dk bf prnpcdgfg dstftfb (gd tngn db pudebn), qud pdrtdkd`d fb pudebn dktdrn dk bf pdrsnkf gdb Dstfgn.
@fusfs gdb Pn`cfbcsln Bfs prck`cpfbds `fusfs qud nrcjckfrnk bf fpfrc`cðk gd bfs cgdfs sn`cfbcstfs hudrnk? ‐ Db lfquckcsln qud, f bf vdz vdz qud ds`bfvczð fb nerdrn dk db trfefon, trfefon, prnvn`ð tflecãk su su gdsn`upf`cðk. ‐ Bf dxpbntf`cðk ckaulfkf ckaulfkf gd bf `bfsd nerdrf dk bfs læs vfrcfgfs hnrlfs (sfbfrcns ìkhclns, ìkhclns, dx`dscvfs anrfs gd gd trfefon, `nkgc`cnkds pn`n hfvnrfebds gd bfenr, dt`. ‐ Db dstfgn gd `nlpbdtn `nlpbdtn fefkgnkn dk qud sd afbbfe afbbfefk fk bns trfefofgnrds n pprnbdtfrcns, rnbdtfrcns, sck uk prdsdktd prdsdktd kc uk lföfkf fsdjurfgn. ‐ Bf dxtrdlfgf cksdkscecbcgfg cksdkscecbcgfg gd bns `fpctf `fpctfbcstfs bcstfs n pftrnkns pftrnkns,, qucdkds f`tufrnk bbdvfg bbdvfgns ns snbfldktd pnr ukf cksf`cfebd sdg gd dxfjdrfgn bu`rn. Pdjÿk bns sn`cfbcstfs bf `fusf gd bf lcsdrcf ds qud bf rcqudzf dstæ lfb rdpfrtcgf dktrd bns anlerds? anlerds ? ukns tcdkdk gdlfscfgn, ntrns kn tcdkd efstfktd, ntrns læs, kc bn kd`dsfrcn pfrf suescstcr9 bf sn`cdgfg dstæ lfb nrjfkczfgf, db Dstfgn gded rdaf`drbf f hck gd gcslckucr bf gdscjufbgfg. Dk `nksd`udk`cf, sd kd`dsctf ukf rdvnbu`cðk sn`cfb.
Acstnrcf gdb Pn`cfbcsln Db dstugcn gdb sn`cfbcsln sd ckc`cf f pfrtcr gd bf Udvnbu`cðk Hrfk`dsf dk 6:13. Dk db scjbn QXCCC y QCQ bns prck`cpfbds pfìsds pfìsds gd Durnpf gdsfrrnbbfk db pprn`dsn rn`dsn gd sustctu`cð sustctu`cðkk gdb hdugfbcsln pnr db `fpctfbcsln `nln scstdlf d`nkðlc`n, y bns dstfgns hdugfbds sd ukdk pfrf hnrlfr bfs lngdrkfs Kf`cnkds Dstfgn. Ckjbftdrrf hud bf `ukf gdb Pn`cfbcsln Ttðpc`n. Dxcstdk gns `fusfs clpnrtfktds qud gfk fb sn`cfbcsln utðpc`n ckjbds su `fræ`tdr pd`ubcfr? bf rdvnbu`cðk ckgustrcfb, `nk su `nrtdon gd lcsdrcfs pfrf db `rd`cdktd prnbdtfrcfgn, y db gdsfrrnbbn gd ukf kudvf rflf gd bf `cdk`cf? bf d`nknlìf pnbìtc`f, `nk`dptn fsn`cfgn f bf eÿsqudgf gd gnlckcn tctubfr gd bfs `cdk`cfs pnbìtc`fs. Dktrd bns sn`cfbcstfs auen ukf tdlprfkf gcvcscðk dktrd lfrxcstfs y fkfrqucstfs bns `ufbds drfk bf dsdk`cf læs `dr`fkf `dr `fkf f bf cgdnbnjìf lfrxcstf. Bf tdnrìf lfrxcstf sd `nkstruyd `nkouktfldktd `nk db fkfrqucsln. Db fkfrqucsln sd pngrìf cks`rcecr gdktrn gd bns `nk`dptns tdlprfkns gdb sn`cfbcsln, qud `nln cgdfb eus`f qud bfs pdrsnkfs gd`cgfk snerd sus vcgfs bcerd d ckgdpdkgcdktdldktd9 ckgdpdkgcdktdldk td9 bf fenbc`cðk gdb Dstfgn y gd tngf futnrcgfg9 dxfbtfkgn fb ckgcvcgun.
Db sn`cfbcsln fb`fkzn su fpnjdn pnbìtc`n gurfktd db scjbn QQ dk db ebnqud `nlukcstf gd Durnpf bf TUPP (Tkcðk gd Udpÿebc`fs Pn`cfbcstfs Pnvcãtc`fs), dstfgns `nlukcstfs gd Fscf y gdb @frced. Gurfktd bf sdjukgf lctfg gdb scjbn QQ hud gd jrfk clpnrtfk`cf pfrf db bbflfgn ebnqud sn`cfbcstf, qud bf Tkcðk Pnvcãtc`f bcedrfrf f bns pfìsds n`upfgns gdb Wdr`dr Udc`a (clpdrcn kfzc n CCC clpdrcn fbdlæk) dk db hrdktd nrcdktfb gurfktd bf sdjukgf judrrf lukgcfb, puds dstns lcslns pnstdrcnrldktd fgnptfrnk scstdlfs gd jnecdrkn sn`cfbcstfs qud ac`cdrnk qud db `flpn sn`cfbcstf fb`fkzfrf uk flpbcn gnlckcn. Ckgc`fgnrds gdb gdsdlpdön gd lngdbns pnbìtc`ns fodkns fb lngdbn sn`cfbcstf gurfktd db scjbn QQ snk pnr dodlpbn, bns jrfkgds fvfk`ds dk bf td`knbnjìf, `nln pnr dodlpbn dk bns prnjrflfs dspf`cfbds, fsì `nln bf jrfk td`knbnjìf lcbctfr, prck`cpfbldktd dk Dstfgns Tkcgns. Wrfs bf CC Judrrf Lukgcfb, bf tdkscðk lcbctfr-cgdnbðjc` lcbctfr-cgdnbðjc`ff dktrd db ebnqud sn`cfbcstf, dk`fedzfgn pnr bf TUPP, y db `fpctfbcstf, dk`fedzfgn pnr Dstfgns Tkcgns, gdsdlen`n dk uk dkhrdktflcdktn pnbìtc`n qud sd `nkn`drìf `nln JTDUUF HUCF. Pd `nkn`cð gd dbbf dxtrfnhc`cfbldktd y hud bf `nlpdtdk`cf pnr bf supdrcnrcgfg dk tngns bns fspd`tns y bnjrfr fsì db gnlckcn `nlpbdtn (pdrn kn gcrd`tn) gd bf lfynr `fktcgfg gd pfìsds. @ublckn `nk bf gdscktdjrf`cðk gd bf TUPP pnr sus `nktrfgc``cnkds sn`cfbcstfs y hudrtds prdscnkds dxtdrkfs, f`nlpföfgf gd ukf prnkuk`cfgf `rcscs dk bns bns gdlæs Dstfgns Pn`c Pn`cfbcstfs, fbcstfs, prck`cpfbldk prck`cpfbldktd td bns durnpdns, `nksd `nksd`udk`cfs `udk`cfs prnpcfs gdb dstfebd`clcdktn gd lngdbns sn`cfbcstfs y `nlukcstfs dxtdkgcgns.
@bfsds gd Pn`cfbcsln Db Pn`cfbcsln dvnbu`cnkð f trfvãs gd gns dtfpfs?
Pn`cfbcsln Ttðpc`n Bns sn`cfbcstfs utðpc`ns (pdksfgnrds, (pdksfgnrds, dlprdsfrcns, dt`.), hudrnk fquãbbns qud `rdydrnk qud bf rdhnrlf gd bf sn`cdgfg pngìf bnjrfrsd sck rd`urrcr f bf vcnbdk`cf kc f bf bu`af gd `bfsds, sckn pnr ldgcns pf`ìhc`ns, pnr `nkvc``cðk y `nk`cdk`cf gd bfs pfrtds cktdrdsfgfs? db @fpctfb y db Wrfefon, db pftrnkn y db nerdrn. @nkn`dgnrds gd bf rdfbcgfg, ftf`frnk gurfldktd db @fpctfbcsln, f `uyn scstdlf ftrceuydrnk bns jrfkgds lfbds qud fqudofefk f bf sn`cdgfg `nktdlpnrækdf, f bf `bfsd prnbdtfrcf, y, pnr dbbn, sd lnstrfrnk pfrtcgfrcns gd bf fenbc`cðk gd bf prnpcdgfg prcvfgf gd bns ldgcns gd prngu``cðk. ]nsdìgns gd ukf jrfk sdkscecbcgfg, dspìrctu aulfkctfrcn y jdkdrnscgfg, dkdlcjns, fsclcsln, gdb ngcn y bf vdkjfkzf snöfrnk, puds, `nk nrjfkczfr ukf sn`cdgfg gd `fræ`tdr cgdfb, ckspcrfgf dk db ecdkdstfr `nlÿk, f efsd gdb hnldktn gdb trfefon `nnpdrftcvn y gd bfs fsn`cf`cnkds gd dlprdsfrcns y nerdrns9 pdrn, `nln sd trftfef gd ukf fspcrf`cðk gchì`cb gd fb`fkzfr, rd`cecdrnk sus snstdkdgnrds db knlerd gd utðpc`ns. Fukqud tflecãk `rddlns qud, kc db prnpcn Pn`cfbcsln @cdktìhc`n, kn nestfktd su vcjdk`cf gd læs gd uk scjbn, af fb`fkzfgn tngfvìf tngns sus hukgfldktfbds neodtcvns.
Dktrd bns prck`cpfbds sn`cfbcstfs utðpc`ns sd gdstf`fk? db ckjbãs Unedrt Nwdk y bns hrfk`dsds? Dkrcqud Pfckt Pclðk, @frbns Hnurcdr, Bucs Ebfk`, y ]dgrn ]rnugank.
Pn`cfbcsln @cdktìhc`n @nksfjrfgn `nln db vdrgfgdrn Pn`cfbcsln, fspcrf bf trfkshnrlf`cðk rfgc`fb gd bf sn`cdgfg, efsfgn kn dk fspcrf`cnkds rnlæktc`fs y quclãrc`fs, sckn, hukgfldktfbldktd, dk bdyds prd`csfs qud rcjdk db gdsfrrnbbn acstðrc`n gd bf aulfkcgfg. Ds gd`cr, qud fb bfrjn prdgnlckcn gdb @fpctfbcsln dk bf vcgf gd bns pudebns, sd fhcrlf, bd su`dgdræ kd`dsfrcf d ckdvctfebdldktd bf adjdlnkìf gd bf `bfsd trfefofgnrf, gd bf `bfsd nerdrf, gd bf `bfsd prnbdtfrcf. Pd bbflf sn`cfbcsln `cdktìhc`n fb qud hukgð @frbns Lfrx af`cf 6171, kn snerd bf efsd gd bf jdkdrnscgfg ckgcvcgufb y gd bf `frcgfg, sckn pfrtcdkgn gd `cdrtf bdy cktdrkf gdb gdsfrrnbbn acstðrc`n, sdjÿk bf `ufb `nrrdspnkgd fb prnbdtfrcfgn db pfpdb prntfjðkc`n (f`tnr prck`cpfb) dk bf prðxclf dtfpf gd bf acstnrcf n``cgdktfb, trfs db pdrìngn eurjuãs (@fpctfbcstf). (@fpctfbcstf). @frbns Lfrx, pdksfgnr fbdlæk gd nrcjdk ougìn, ds db `rdfgnr gdb Pn`cfbcsln @cdktìhc`n. Kf`cð dk 616= dk bf `cugfg gd Wrãvdrcs y lurcð dk Bnkgrds dk 6110. @nln prnhukgn dstugcnsn gd bf rdfbcgfg sn`cfb gd su ãpn`f, sus knvìsclfs `nk`dp`cnkds snerd db `fpctfb, db trfefon y bf rcqudzf, rdvnbu`cnkfrnk bns `nkn`clcdktns gd bf D`nknlìf y bf ]nbìtc`f, f bf vdz qud dodr`cdrnk ukf dknrld ckhbudk`cf dk `fsc tngfs bfs lfsfs nerdrfs gdb Lukgn @nktdlpnrækdn. Dk su lnkuldktfb nerf? Db @fpctfb, bbflfgf bf Ecebcf gdb Pn`cfbcsln, bbdjð Lfrx f bfs scjucdktds `nk`buscnkds? 6.
Bf Bfss rc rcqu qudz dzfs fs ssnk nk ÿÿkc kc`f `fld ldkt ktdd db pprn rngu gu`t `tnn gd gdbb trfe trfefo fon9 n9 ddbb vf vfbn bnrr gd bbns ns nneo eodt dtns ns ggdp dpdk dkgd gd ggdb db ttrf rfef efon on qqud ud aaff scgn kd`dsfrcn pfrf prngu`crbns.
5.
Dk ``nk nksd sd`u `udk dk`c `cf, f, ddbb `f `fpc pctf tfbb kn tc tcdk dkdd pn pnrr sì kkck ckjÿ jÿkk vf vfbn bnr, r, y ddss trf trfef efon on l lud udrt rtnn qu qudd kn ppud udgd gd ffgq gquc ucrc rcrr ku kudv dvff vcgf læs qud `aupfkgn `nln db vflpcrn.
0.
Kn aafy fy vvfb fbnr nr ssck cknn jr jrf` f`cf cfss fb ttrf rfef efon on ggdb db nner erdrn drn,, y pn pnrr tf tfkt ktn, n, sscd cdkg kgnn ãs ãstd td ddbb ÿk ÿkc` c`nn qu qudd pr prng ngu` u`dd vf vfbn bnr, r, f ããbb y kn fb `fpctfbcstf gdedk `nrrdspnkgdrbd bns edkdhc`cns. ]nr tfktn bns nerdrns, sdjÿk Lfrx, dk vdz gd rd`cecr sfbfrcn, gdedk rdpfrtcrsd dktrd sì bns edkdhc`cns gd bf ckgustrcf.
7.
Db tr trfe fefo fonn ddss uukf kf ld ldr` r`fk fk`ì `ìf, f, su suod odtf tf fb `nld `nldr` r`cn cn y f bf dxpb dxpbnt ntf` f`cð cðkk ggdd bns bns dl dlpr prds dsfr frcn cns. s.
4.
Bfs rcq rcqudz udzfs fs tcdkd tcdkd `nl `nlnn ÿÿkc` kc`nn nnrcj rcjdk dk (gd (gdktr ktrnn ggdd bf bf P Pn`c n`cdgf dgfgg @ @fpc fpctfb tfbcs cstf) tf),, dk bf ]bu ]busvf svfbìf bìf n sdf sdf ddbb gckd gckdrn rn qud rdsubtf gd kn pfjfr gdecgfldktd fb nerdrn. Bf f`ulubf`cðk gd bfs pbusvfbìfs nrcjckf bf rcqudzf prcvfgf.
8.
Db jn jnecdrkn ggdded ddsstfr dk dk l lffkns gd gdb pprrnbdtfrcfgn.
Efsds cgdnbðjc`fs gdb Lfrxcsln Bfs efsds gdb Lfrxcsln n Pn`cfbcsln @cdktìhc`n hudrnk dxpudstfs dk db Lfkchdstð @nlukcstf, rdgf`tfgn pnr Lfrx y Dkjdbs dk 6171, bfs lcslfs qud pudgdk scktdtczfrsd dk bns scjucdktds prck`cpcns? 6.
Db l lft ftdr drcf cfbc bcsl slnn ac acst stðr ðrc` c`n, n, ppfr frff db `ufb `ufb ddbb gd gdsf sfrrn rrnbb bbnn gd bf bf Ac Acst stnr nrcf cf ddst stææ gd gdtd tdrl rlck ckfg fgnn pn pnrr hf hf`t `tnr nrds ds
d`nkðlc`ns. 5. Bf bu`a bu`aff ggdd `bf `bfsd sds, s, qu qudd `nk `nksc scgd gdrf rf f tng tngff bbff aacs cstn tnrc rcff ggdd bf bf aaul ulfk fkcg cgfg fg `nln `nln db rd rdsu subt btfg fgnn ggdb db dkhrdktflcdktn gd `bfsds9 dk bf dtfpf `fpctfbcstf dstf bu`af sd dktfebf dktrd bf eurjudsìf y db prnbdtfrcfgn. 0.
Bf kud kudvf vf sn` sn`cdg cdgfg fg sn` sn`cfb cfbcst cstff ssurj urjcræ cræ gdb trc trcukh ukhnn gdb prn prnbdt bdtfrc frcfgn fgn,, db db `ufb `ufb cks ckstfu tfurfr rfrææ uukf kf sn` sn`cdg cdgfg fg sck `bfsds, dk bf qud dstfræ fenbcgf bf prnpcdgfg prcvfgf y sn`cfbczfgns. bns ldgcns gd prngu``cðk y gd `flecn.
]fìsds sn`cfbcstfs n dk vìfs gd sdr sn`cfbcstfs Æhrc`f? -Jrfk Udpÿebc`f Ærfed Bcecf ]npubfr y Pn`cfbcstf Fscf? -Udpÿebc`f ]npubfr Gdln`rætc`f gd @nrdf `nk db ]frtcgn gd bns Wrfefofgnrds gd @nrdf. -Udpÿebc`f ]npubfr @ackf `nk db ]frtcgn @nlukcstf gd @ackf. -Udpÿebc`f Pn`cfbcstf gd Xcdtkfl `nk db ]frtcgn @nlukcstf gd Xcdtkfl. -Udpÿebc`f Hdgdrfb Gdln`rætc`f gd Kdpfb `nk db ]frtcgn @nlukcstf gd Kdpfb. -Udpÿebc`f Frfed Pcrcf `nk db ]frtcgn Ærfed Pn`cfbcstf Effz. -Udpÿebc`f Gdln`rætc`f ]npubfr Bfn `nk db ]frtcgn ]npubfr Udvnbu`cnkfrcn gd Bfns. Flãrc`f? -Udpÿebc`f gd @uef `nk db ]frtcgn @nlukcstf gd @uef. -Udpÿebc`f Enbcvfrcfkf gd Xdkdzudbf `nk db ]frtcgn Pn`cfbcstf Tkcgn gd Xdkdzudbf. -Dstfgn ]burckf`cnkfb gd Enbcvcf `nk db Lnvclcdktn fb Pn`cfbcsln. Durnpf? -Udpÿebc`f gd Edbfrÿs `nk db ]frtcgn @nlukcstf gd Ecdbnrruscf.
Xdktfofs y gdsvdktfofs gdb sn`cfbcsln XDKWFOFP Bf dd``nknlìf ttccdkgd f `rd`dr af af`cf fgdktrn. rn. Cgdn Cgdnbn bnjì jìff CCkg kgus ustr trcf cfbc bcst stf. f. Np Nptc tclc lcsl slnn ttd` d`kn knbð bðjc jc`n `n.. ]frtcgn? vfkjufrgcf gd bfs `bfsd nerdrf.
GDPXDKWFOFP Udgu`cgn pdsn d`nkðlc`n gd bf `bfsd nerdrf. D` D`nk nknl nlìf ìf suld suldrj rjcg cgf. f. Clpnrtfk`cf gd bf dshdrf pnbìtc`f dk bf gckælc`f
d`nkðlc`f. Pd f`fef bf prnpcdgfg prcvfgf gd bns ldgcns gd prngu``cðk, tcdrrf, hæerc`fs, hæerc`fs, hckfkzfs….y `nk dbbn bfs ernk`fs qud f`frrdf bf pujkf pujkf pnr sdr prnpcdtfrcn. Bfs pfr`dbfs gdb Dstfgn, db pfrtcgn, bf sn`cdgfg y bf d`nknlìf dstæk cktdjrfgfs. Udspdtn fb nrgdk `nkstctu`cnkfb y dk db rd`afzn f bns lãtngns fktcgdln`rætc`ns. Db dstfgn sd fprnpcf gdb dx`dgdktd sn`cfb. Bns lcdlerns gd bf `bfsd sn`cfb gnlckfktd afk suhrcgn ldknr pdkurcf. Bns trfefofgnrds snk db Dstfgn. Bns trfefofgnrds snk bns gudöns gd bns ldgcns gd
Bf dlprdsf gnldstc`f `dgd bf prngu``cðk f bf fjdk`cf dspd`cfbczfgf qud dxpnrtf fb dxtdrcnr. Kn afy vìk`ubn dktrd dktrd dlprdsf gnlãstc`f y hnrækdf hnrækdf.. Bfs ldktfbcgfgds dlprdsfrcfbds y f`ulubfgnrfs tcdkdk qud dlcjrfr pnrqud kn afy bujfr pfrf dbbns. ]dbdfrsd `nk db dlprdsfrcfgn rdscjkf ckvdrscnkds dxtrfkodrfs qud sd fbdofk `nln db vfpnr. @rctc`f rfgc`fb gdb `fpctfbcsln.
prngu``cðk. Kn afy `nlpdtdk`cf gdktrn gdktrn kc hudrf, pnrqud bfs trfksf``cnkds hckfk`cdrfs dstæk prnacecgfs pnr db dstfgn. Vucdk sd dk`frjf gd dstn ds db Dstfgn y db ]frtcgn y Pd vfk f`fefkgn bfs gchdrdk`cfs gd `bfsds sn`cfbds y `nk dbbn bns prnebdlfs gdrcvfgns gd su dxcstdk`cf. Kn afy prd`cns bcerds, bcerds, bns prd`cns kn sd hnrlfk ldgcfktd bf nhdrtf y bf gdlfkgf, kn rdhbdofk db `nstd, bf ds`fsdz n prdhdrdk`cf9 bns prd`cns bns hcof db dstfgn `nkhnrld f sus neodtcvns dstrftãjc`ns. Pd jfrfk jfrfktcz tczff trf trfef efon on pf pfrf rf tn tngns gns y kknn afy ggdsd dsdlpb lpbdn. dn. Bf d`nknlìf sd pbfkchc`f `nk efsd dk bfs kd`dscgfgds sn`cfbds. Db sn`cfbcsln tcdkgd f hnrlfr fb `cugfgfkn gdb huturn qud vcvcræ dk ukf sn`cdgfg sck `bfsds, sck judrrfs, sck
dsn `rdf f bn bfrjn gdb tcdlpn, uk jrupn gd prcvcbdjcfgns. prcvcbdjcfgns. Db dstfgn pudgd dkgurd`drsd y dstfebd`dr ukf vdrgfgdrf gc`tfgurf qud bclctd sdrcfldktd bfs bcedrtfgds ckgcvcgufbds afstf `rdfr uk dstfgn pnbc`cf`n, qud sdrìf sdrìf db læs jrfkgd rcdsjn gdb sn`cfbcsln. ]ud ]udgd gd ds dstfr tfr lf lfbb pfj pfjfgn fgn ddbb dlp dlpbdn bdn ``nlÿ nlÿk. k. Pd f`fef bf bcerd `nlpdtdk`cf.
jrfkgds gchdrdk`cfs dktrd bns aulfkns. Pd eus`f prntdjdr f bns qud tcdkdk ldkns `fpf`cgfg f `nstf gd bns qud sì bf tcdkdk.
]rnpcdgfg qud db Pn`cfbcsln clpubsf Dk ukfs `nkgc`cnkds bf dxprnpcf`cðk gd bf prnpcdgfg `fpctfbcstf prcvfgf y bf kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gd bf ckgustrcf, gd bns efk`ns, gdb trfkspnrtd dt`., sd dhd`tÿfk ræpcgfldktd, `nln n`urrcð dk bf TUPP. Bf kf`cnkfbczf`cðk sd pudgd bbdvfr f `fen tfktn dxprnpcfkgn (prn`dsn pnr db `ufb db Dstfgn Dstfgn juedrkfldktfb juedrkfldktfb tnlf `nktrnb gd bfs f`tcvcgfgds qud `uerfk db `flpn `flpn d`nkðlc`n, d`nkðlc`n, gcstrceucgnr n prngu`tnr dk db pfìs dk `udstcðk) sck `nlpdksf`cðk bf prnpcdgfg gd bf
jrfk eurjudsìf ldgcf `nln fenkfkgn ukf ckgdlkczf`cðk (dk hnrlf gd enkns kn trfkshdrcebds gd ckldgcftn). Bf kf`cnkfbczf`cðk Pn`cfbcstf `nkvcdrtd dk prnpcdgfg sn`cfb ÿkc`fldktd bf prnpcdgfg gd bfs `bfsds dxpbntfgnrfs, kn sd kf`cnkfbczf bf prnpcdgfg gd bns pdqudöns prngu`tnrds gd ldr`fk`ìfs (`flpdsckns y frtdsfkns). Bfs pdqudöfs dlprdsfs efsfgfs dk db trfefon pdrsnkfb sd ukdk dk jrfkgds dlprdsfs `nbd`tcvfs gd tcpn sn`cfbcstf, y dbbn f trfvãs gd bf `nnpdrf`cðk vnbuktfrcf y `nk fyugf gdb Dstfgn Pn`cfbcstf prnjrdsfk gd jrfk lfkdrf. @nk bf kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gd tcpn sn`cfbcstf, bf prnpcdgfg dstftfb (gd tngn db pudebn) sd utcbczf dk cktdrãs gd tngn db pudebn y scrvd gd efsd pfrf bcqucgfr bf dxpbntf`cðk dxpbntf`cðk gdb anlerd pnr db aanlerd. nlerd.
Xdktfofs gd bf kf`cnkfbczf`cðk
Jfrfktczfr ecdkds y sdrvc`cns dstrftãjc`ns pfrf db pfìs `nk `fbcgfg y f prd`cns fgd`ufgns pfrf bf pnebf`cðk ldgcfktd db usn usn gd dlprdsfs dxcstdkt dxcstdktds, ds, bdjfbldktd dstfebd`cgfs dstfebd`cgfs y dxctnsfs `nk ukf ds dstru`turf tru`turf gd prngu``cðk y gcstrceu`cðk gd prcldrf bìkdf y uk scstdlf gd trfkspnrtd ckstfbfgn y dhc`cdktd.
Ckstfbf`cðk foustfgf f bf bdy gd rdg prngu`tcvf gd fbcldktf`cðk `nlpbdtf qud fefrqud gdsgd bf prngu``cðk afstf bf gcstrceu`cðk gcstrceu`cðk gd fbcldk fbcldktns. tns. @nksd`u`cðk gd sdju sdjurcgfg rcgfg y snedrfkìf fbcldk fbcldktfrcf tfrcf gd bf pnebf`cðk.
Ldonrfr bf `fpf`cgfg gd fgqucsc`cðk gd ecdkds y sdrvc`cns gd prcldrf kd`dscgfg.
Gdsvdktfofs gd bf kf`cnkfbczf`cðk
Ck`rdldktn gdb jfstn puebc`n
Gcslcku`cðk gd bfs ckvdrscnkds dxtrfkodrfs pnr hfbtf gd `nkhcfkzf
Hujf gd `fpctfbds
Ck`rdldktn gd bf `nrrup`cðk fglckcstrftcvf dk db lfkdon gd hnkgns h nkgns pÿebc`ns
Ttcbczf`cðk gd tdrrnrcsln pnbìtc`n fb kf`cnkfbczfr kdjn`cns y dlprdsfs qud kn tcdkdk kckjÿk tcpn gd trfs`dkgdk`cf d`nkðlc`f
Bfs dlprdsfs kf`cnkfbczfgfs sudbdk sdr utcbczfgfs `nln ukf hudktd bfenrfb pfrf bns pfrtcgfrcns gdb pfrtcgn gd jnecdrkn
Kf`cnkfbczf`cnkds clpnrtfktds dk db lukgn?
Frjdktckf?
kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gdb pdtrðbdn
S]H, hcbcfb gd bf
lubtckf`cnkfb UD]PNB
@acbd? Kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gd bf lckdrìf gdb `nerd
Enbcvcf?
Kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gd
acgrn`freurns S]HE
Xdkdzudbf? Kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gdb Efk`n gd Xdkdzudbf Xdkdzudbf,, hcbcfb gd bf dktcgfg dspfönbf Jrupn Pfktfkgdr
@uef? Kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gd `nlpföìfs knrtdfldrc`fkfs `nln Bf @uefkf gd Dbd`trc`cgfg, bf gd
Wdbãhnkns, bf pdtrnbdrf Ptfkgfrg Ncb, (DPPN), Zdst Ckgcds @nlpfky nh @uef (Wdxf`n) y Pck`bfcr Ncb Lãxc`n? Kf`cnkfbczf`cðk gd bf ckgustrcf pdtrnbdrf Bnkgnk Wrust Ncb-Padbb
View more...
Comments
