SOALAN PRA PERC STPM 2014 (PG1).doc

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PRA PERCUBAAN STPM BAHARU

PENGGAL 1 SESI 2014

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STPM 2014 GEOGRAFI KERTAS 1 (2 jam)

SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA (STPM BAHARU) (MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE) Arahan kepada calon JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT DEMIKIAN. Jawab EMPAT soalan Bahagian A : Jawab soalan 1 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan 2 atau soalan 3 Bahagian B : Jawab soalan 4 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan 5 atau soalan 6 Jawapan untuk soalan 1 bagi Bahagian A dan soalan 4 bagi Bahagian B hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini. Untuk menjawab sama ada soalan 2 atau soalan 3 bagi Bahagian A dan soalan 5 atau soalan 6 bagi Bahagian B, anda dikehendaki menggunakan kertas tulis jawapan yang dibekalkan. Mulakan setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas yang baru dan susun jawapan anda mengikut tertib berangka. Ikat helaian jawapan anda bersama-sama dengan kertas soalan ini. Semua penghitungan hendaklah diserahkan bersama dengan jawapan anda. Markah untuk tiap-tiap soalan diberikan dalam tanda kurung [ ].

UNTUK KEGUNAAN PEMERIKSA Bahagian A Soalan 1 Soalan 2 Soalan 3 Bahagian B Soalan 4 Soalan 5 Soalan 6

______________________________________________________________________________ Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada 6 halaman bercetak

STPM BAHARU ( GEOGRAFI 1 (PENGGAL 1) BAHAGIAN A: ALAM SEKITAR FIZIKAL [40 markah]

942/1

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Jawab semua soalan 1 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan 2 atau soalan 3. Soalan 1:

a)

Bezakan maksud solstis dengan ekuinoks.

............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................... [ 4 ]

b) Jelaskan secara ringkas dua ciri yang dialami oleh permukaan bumi ketika solstis musim panas berlaku. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................ . ............................................................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................... .......... [ 4 ]

c) Bagaimanakah kejadian solstis mempengaruhi aktiviti pelancongan di kawasan iklim sederhana dunia. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................... [ 3 ]

d) Bagaimanakah aktiviti pertanian dan penternakan disesuaikan dengan kejadian empat musim di kawasan sederhana dunia. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................... [ 4 ]

Jawab samada soalan 2 atau soalan 3. Soalan 2

a) “Peredaran bumi mengelilingi matahari menyebabkan pelbagai kesan ke atas alam sekitar fizikal”. Jelaskan pernyataan ini [15] b) Bandingkan kejadian dan kesan ekuinoks dengan solstis.

[10]

Soalan 3

a) Dengan bantuan gambarajah lakar, huraikan pengaruh tenaga suria terhadap struktur tumbuhan semulajadi di kawasan Tropika Lembab. [13] b) Bandingkan pengaruh tenaga suria terhadap aktiviti manusia di kawasan Tropika Lembab dengan kawasan sederhana dunia. [12]

BAHAGIAN B: ALAM SEKITAR MANUSIA [40 markah]

Jawab soalan 4 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan 5 atau soalan 6. Soalan 4: a) Kenalpasti tiga komponen pertumbuhan penduduk. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................................................[ 3 ] b) Bagaimanakah pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat menyebabkan kesan negatif ke atas sosio ekonomi di negara sedang membangun? ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................[4]

c) Cadangkan dua langkah yang boleh diambil oleh sesetengah negara sedang membangun untuk memperlahankan kadar pertumbuhan penduduknya ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................ [4] d) Nilaikan keberkesanan program perancangan keluarga yang telah dijalankan di sesetengah negara sedang membangun bagi mengawal kadar pertumbuhan penduduknya. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................................[3]

Jawab samada soalan 5 atau soalan 6.

Soalan 5 Jadual 1 menunjukkan kadar demografi utama penduduk Malaysia pada tahun 1975 hingga 2005. Kadar – Kadar Demografi Utama (Per 1000 orang)

Kadar Kelahiran Kasar Kadar Kematian Kasar Kadar Mortaliti Bayi (Umur 1 tahun ke bawah) Kadar Pertumbuhan Semulajadi Penduduk

Tahun 1975 30.8

1980 30.6

1985 31.5

1990 27.9

1995 26.8

2000 23.4

2005 18.4

6.0 32.2

5.3 23.8

5.0 16.4

4.6 13.1

4.7 10.3

4.5 6.5

4.5 6.6

24.8

25.6

26.5

23.3

22.1

18.9

13.9

Sumber : Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia a) Berdasarkan jadual 1, lukis sebuah graf garis bagi menunjukkan setiap kadar demografi utama penduduk Malaysia pada tahun 1975 hingga 2005. [ 7] b) Jelaskan arah alir (trend) bagi setiap kadar demografi utama penduduk Malaysia dalam tempoh tersebut [8] c) Mengapakah pertumbuhan penduduk luar bandar di Malaysia pada masa kini semakin menurun?. [10] Soalan 6 a) Mengapakah jangka hayat penduduk Malaysia semakin meningkat?.

[12]

b) Bincangkan kesan penuaan penduduk terhadap aspek sosio ekonomi Negara Malaysia. [13]

Soalan Tamat