Smart Controller for Home Appliances

Smart Controller for Home appliances

Term Paper

Vinod Gupta School of Management IIT Kharagpur

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the Management Information System s (BM61014) Course at the Vinod Gupta School of Management, IIT Kharagpur.

Submitted to: Prof. Prithwis Mukerjee

Submitted by: Sourabh Mittal 10BM60088

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances Contents

1.

Introduction ................................................................................................................................3 1.1.

2.

3.

Need assessment ................................................................................................................3

Methodology Used for Home automation ......................................................................................4 2.1.

OSGi servic e platform based smart home control: ..................................................................4

2.2.

Active Sensor Network Architecture ......................................................................................4

2.3.

BuLogics Smart Grid Home Controller ...................................................................................5

Cont rol and automation nets used by existing smart home network Transmission ...........................6 3.1.

ZigBee technology ...............................................................................................................6

3.2.

Powerline Carrier Systems (PCS): ........................................................................................7

3.3.

X10 Protocols: .....................................................................................................................7

3.4.

Z-wave ................................................................................................................................8

4.

Existing practices.......................................................................................................................9

5.

Expected market potential - indicate the basis: ............................................................................9

6.

Future implications of Smart controller to various industry fields ..................................................11

7.

Implication of Smart Home on Environment ................................................................................11

8.

Referenc es:..............................................................................................................................13

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances

1.

Introduction

The logic behind the Smart Homes helps in the planning of future housing-based models as ‗sustainable‘ city or residential area. Home automation means links bet ween the products within the homes to services and systems outside t he home. It is a concept that builds a sophisticated control on appliances of a house. All the electrical, electronic and electro-mechanical devices like lights, fans, ACs, computers, refrigerators, doors, windows etc. can be controlled remotely and securely without any hazards. It is a creation of smart environment where a physical world that is interconnected through a continuous network plentifully and intangibly with sensors, actuators and computational units, embedded seamlessly in the objects of our everyday lives. A smart home is one in which a mix of computing and information technology can be utilized to enhance the life every day . Potential applications for smart homes can be found in these categories: welfare, entert ainment, environment, safety, communication, irrigation and appliances. 1.1. Need assessment Individuals who are physically handicapped and older

can

Intelligence

be

benefited

from

the

Home Automation System.

Artificial These

systems provide them the opportunity to live free as they need not to be depending on their family on tiny matter. Technology advancement in Artificial Intelligence and implementation of smart home technologies are the simple ways to improve the lives of many individuals.

Cont rol over various electronic gadgets provides safety and energy management to our regular life. It also helps in cont rolling the energy consumption in large buildings and improves the efficiency of the electrical appliances. This type of product can be used in

Graph 1: Energy consumption by different segment

Multi-storeyed commercial buildings like hotels, stadiums, mall, and auditorium etc where chances of forgetting to switch off the lights and ACs are high which lead to the wastage of energy consumption. E ven these smart controls can also help in reducing the electricity bills for domestic purposes and usage of sophisticated s witches can be avoided. Energy consumption is increasing on a steady phase in accordance of the population inc rease so Smart Control can help in creating energy efficient buildings.

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances 2.

Methodology Used for Home automation

Home automation (also called domotics) provides us aut omation of home appliances and features in residential buildings. This automation was very difficult few decades back but now it can bring revolution with its different form. There are several methods to design smart hom e control systems.

2.1. OSGi service platform based smart home control: (Papadopoulos, N., Meliones, A., Economou, D., Karras, I.,and Liverezas, I., (2010) ―A Connected Home Plat form and Development Framework for Smart Home Control Applications‖)

Fig: Connected Home Development Frame work This connected home platform (CHP) integrates a set of Java tools and components that enable an OSGI-literate engineer to quickly design develop and deploy new home services utilizing the provided OSGi service plat form and widely adopted automation technologies. The Home Controller is used to have connectivity with home devices of various home control technologies. The Service Plat form embeds the use of OS Gi technology in the Home Controller, ensuring interoperability with home devices and an easy way to integrat e new home services. The base OSGi platform is extended by a set of OS Gi net work subsystems integrating various automation technologies supported by the home cont roller. The different network subsystems are interfaced in a common way through the Network Adaptation Layer, known as ROCob. This layer adapts any net work subsystem supported by the Service Platform, providing unified interfaces for devices from different networks, adding any specific support required for each type of devic e. The main Connected Home functionality is actually offered by using the ROCob API. Following the ROCob AP I Specification, a developer may build various applications, such as presentation layer applications (e. g. a web based UI) monitoring applications that collect data and send t hem to a backbone server and other home cont rol applications.

2.2. Acti ve Sensor Network Archi tecture This method address the active sens or network archit ecture utilized in the home control system. Active sensor network has number of smart nodes (i.e., sensors and actuators).

i

They

perform several tasks like gathering information about physical

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances home environment and controlling various home devices. These two types of smart nodes have the computation and Radio frequency communic ation abilities t o establish wireless networks automatically. Interaction Component and new routing prot ocol interact with our c ontrol home system and automatically establish net works. Automated action is initiated through the smart actuat ors connected to common household applianc es. For example, an owner with RFID access cards can assign domestic appliances such as equipment light bulbs or air-conditioner on automatic mode that will automatically be shut down by the Smart Home once the owner leaves the home. Likewise, such services can be restarted when the owner returns. If the user owns a mobile phone that has an embedded GPS system he could simply attach the phone to the Bridge, that way a number of actions could be executed once the p hone leaves the surrounding area of the property.

2.3. BuLogics Smart Grid Home Controller BuLogics‘

recently

introduced Smart

Grid-capable

home

controller which is a natural advanc ement of their home automation business and has been involved wit h the wireless control systems (most notably Z-Wave) for six years. According to BuLogics, the system will be able to communicate directly with smart grid via radio module to receive pricing, load control and demand response events. It also provides a home energy monitor function via a Graphical user interface that can be accessed either over a home network or over the WAN. Since it‘s not clear which wireless protocol(s) will be adopted by utilities and Smart Meter manufacturers, the B uLogics unit has provisions to accept snap-in radio modules based on the USNAP (Utility Smart Network Access Port) standard. This will allow it to support FlexNet, ZigB ee/802.15, or

any

ot her

wireless

protocol

a

utility

chooses

to

us

for

its

smart

meter

interface.

BuLogics estimates that their controller help homeowners saving 15%-20% on their energy bills using power and heating fuel only where and when it‘s really necessary .

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances

ii

Work ing of Smart Grid Home cont roller 3.

Control and automation nets used by existing smart home network Transmi ssion

3.1. ZigBee technology ZigBee t echnology is reliable wireless data t ransmission net work, from the standard communication distance of 75 meters to the infinite expa nsion. E very data transmitted through ZigBee net work can communicate among them, so that other room‘s device and display can be controlled easily by people in any room. ZigBee Net work Self organization approach help each ZigB ee module terminal in the net work communication module to find eac h other automatically and quickly so that they develop into a interoperability of ZigBee net works, if the relative position of the net work module terminal change, then modules can search through the re-targeted communications to determine t he contact of eac h other, and then refresh the existing network. So, the ZigB ee technology is an arrangement of self-organizing dynamic routing mesh topology, even if the pat h is disturbed or too busy for making timely delivery, it can solve this problem automatically and thus ens ures reliable data transmission.

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances

ZigBee network topology. 3.2. Powerline Carrier System s (P CS): Powerline Carrier Systems is a technology which can send coded signals on an existing electric wiring to programmable switches. These signals express guidelines that communicate location of specific devices in home and also control the operation of thes e devices (like how and when). This P CS works as a transmitter and send coded signal to the receiver attached to any electric outlet in coded form along the electric cable, then receiver control the operation of the device attached to t he electric outlet according to the send signal. “Web Mount ain Technologies (W MT) is one of a new breed of manufacturers in the Home Technology market that is building products based upon TCP/IP net working. Web Mountain‘s intelligent whole -house server (NetPlace) offers the unique capability of acting as an int elligent Power Line Carrier (PLC) controller – providing features such as time-of-day control, triggered control and ―if-then-else‖ logic, all from a ―point-and-click‖ web brows er interface. This Linux-based controller is highly reliable, full-featured and very affordable.‖

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3.3. X10 Protocol s: ―X10 is an international and open industry standard for communication among electronic devices used for home automation‖. This is a general practice for P owerline Communication system (PCS), a signaling technique to control any electrical or electronic device in the Powerline r emotely. X10 signals are short radio frequency (RF) bursts that enable communication bet ween transmitters and receivers. The X10 system was chosen over others primarily consists of a number of individual nodes that receive t he signals transmitted by the controller. The X10 transmissions are synchronized to the zero crossing point of the

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances AC power line. E very node has a zero crossing detector that is used t o detect signals transmitted by the controller. The receivers look for the signal within 0.6 microseconds of the zero crossing point.

X10 transmission code

iv

The controller transmits signals to the nodes using existing electrical wiring and initiates communication by sending a start packet followed by the house code and the device code. This initiation signal is followed by a command signal that is used to control the specified node.

By installing a series of nodes any home can be automated t o a reasonable degree. The installation would only require setting a house and device code on a node and attaching the X10 node between a devic e and the wall outlet.

3.4. Z-wave Z-Wave is a proprietary wireless communications protocol designed for home automation. It is used specifically to control appliances in residential and light commercial area remotely. This technology uses a low-power RF radio embedded or retrofitted int o home electronics devices and systems, such as lighting, home access control, entertainment systems and household appliances. ―The Z-Wave Alliance is v

an international consortium of manufacturers that provide interoperable Z-Wave enabled devices ‖. ZWave is a low-power wireless technology designed specifically for remote control applications. Unlike WiFi and other IEEE 802.11-based wireless LAN systems that are designed primarily for high-bandwidth data flow, the Z-Wave RF system operates in the sub Gigahertz frequency range and is optimized for lowoverhead commands such as on-off (as in a light switch or an appliance) and raise-lower (as in a thermostat or volume control), with the ability to include device metadata in the communications.

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances 4.

Existing practice s

Future architectural planning of a building is expected to be influenc ed by the concept of smart home or green building design. Many research groups are working with this domain, such as MIT, Cisco, Siemens, Xerox, IBM, Microsoft etc. In these groups, nearly 20 home labs have been set. In these home labs, more than 30 appliances are used, over 5 network protocols are produced, and more than 3 Artificial Intelligence techniques have been used. Lot of research have bet carried out on smart home networks, gateways, smart home appliances, typical research projects, and research challenges. In September 2003, Housing Learning & Improvement Net work published a smart home definition offered by Intertek, which has carried out the project named DTI Smart Homes Project. In Intertek view, a smart home is ―a dwelling incorporating a communications net work that connects the key electrical appliances and services, and allows them to be remotely controlled, monitore d or accessed‗‗, remotely means within the dwelling and from outside the dwelling. A smart home should contain three elements, which are internal network, intelligent control and home automation. The basis of a smart home is internal Network, and it can be wire, cable and wireless. Intelligent control means gateways to manage the systems.

5.

Expected market potential - indicate the basi s: In 2004 the National Association of Home Builders conducted a survey and found the top ten technologies that home buyers were after. When it came to home automation 45% wanted structured wiring. Structured wiring plac es electrical, audio and video and data lines of a home on the same net work. Home owners also want greater control of their security, energy, lighting and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVA C) system.

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances

Top 10 Home Technology Features Home Buyers Want

At the moment structured wiring and other home automation tec hnologies are restricted to new homes. This is with the exception of those that use powerline, and even these are limiting.

vi

Nort h America to See Nearly 1.1 Million Managed Home Automation Systems Shipped in 2012 . In North America, which repres ents the major share of the global market for managed home automation, more than one million systems are expected to be installed in 2012. That figure — which represents a tripling of the 2008 market – is forecast to nearly double again in 2014. One significant element of managed home automation packages is security. Traditional security service alarm service providers as well as cable broadband service providers are now entering the market for managed home monitoring and automation services.

v ii

Global Annual Home Automation System Shipment by Type, World Market, Forecast: 2008-2014

Revenue from shipments of home automation systems will exceed $11. 8 billion in 2015, according to a new study releas ed by ABI Research. That number includes all four categories of home automation: Luxury, Mainstream, DIY and Managed.

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Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances 6.

Future implications of Smart controller to various industry fields:

Electronics Industry: There would be high growth in the revenue of the electronics industry with competition among t hem. Revenue would come from the sales of smart controller as energy management has become burning issue these days and every developed and developing count ry would start taking initiative in developing green building with energy management system or sustainable city for which they would require to install the hardware of Smart controller.

Telecommunication industry: As devices can be controlled remotely from the control device or mobile phones so boost in the sales of smart controller will also boost up the sales of required devic es.

Agriculture field: productivity in the agriculture can be inc reased wit h the us e of Smart irrigation Cont roller. There are many players in t his field who provide this technology like E T water. These controllers help in saving irrigation cost by their sprinkling mec hanism according to the change in environment. These controllers would also help in over watering and under watering and increase the plant life. They will have the ability to stop the irrigation through sprinkler automatically during rain.

Construction industry: Their business will inc rease in future as they will require constructing Smart home, Smart Building or smart Commercial building keeping in mind the demand of energy management. It will give a variety of the project to the industry like developing green building or Sustainable city.

Defense Sector: Various things can be controlled wit h the help of Smart Controller like tanks and activation of Rdx and positioning of satellites according to the requirement. Smart control can also be used to ensure efficient performance of engine of fighter plane under worst condition during war like severe or gradual damage and it would also help in auto piloting the plane if pilot is hurt.

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances

Implication of Smart controller to various industry sector

7.

Implication of Smart Home on Environment:

Global warming is the m ajor cause behind accepting sustainable solutions and this would one of the reasons why we should tak e smart decision in choosing Smart Home. As electricity consumption play a role in the emission of Green house gas like Carbon -di-Oxide. If smart control appliances will be used then it can help in efficient utilization of electrical and electronic appliances which would save electricity consumption as well as electricity bill. The reduction in electricity consumption will reduce the emission of CO2 and that would lead to the sustainable solution for home.

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances 8.

References:

Journal Papers: 1.

Park SH, Won SH, Lee JB, Kim SW (2003) Smart home -digitally engineered domestic life. Pers Ubiquitous Comput 7(3–4):189–196

2.

Yuksekkaya, B.; Kayalar, A.A.; Tosun, M.B.; Ozcan, M. K.; Alkar, A.Z., "A GSM, int ernet and speech controlled wireless interactive home automation system," Consumer Electronics, IEEE Trans actions on , vol.52, no.3, pp.837-843, Aug. 2006

3.

Li Jiang; Da-You Liu; Bo Yang, "Smart home researc h," Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 2004. Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on , vol.2, no., pp. 659-663 vol.2, 26-29 Aug. 2004

4.

Taylor A, Swan L (2005) Artful systems in the home. In: Proc eedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, pp 641–650

5.

Graves Pet ersen M, Grønbæk K (2004) Domestic hypermedia: mixed media in the home. In: Proceedings of HT‘04. ACM, New York, pp 108–109

6.

Papadopoulos, N., Meliones, A., Economou, D., Karras, I., and Liverezas, I., (2009) ―Connected Home Platform and Development Framework for Smart Home Control Applications‖

Website http://www.alibaba.com/product-gs/257026242/Automation_Home_Appliance_Module_Germany_.html http://www.altera.com/literature/wp/wp -01084-fpga-energy-efficient-home-appliance-motor-control.pdf http://www.alibaba.com/product-gs/257026242/Automation_Home_Appliance_Module_Germany_.html http://www.smarthome.com/_/index.aspx http://www.diy-ha.com/ http://www.dmoz.org/Computers/Home_A utomation// Smart Home Appliances for Better Quality of Life: Artificial Intelligence in Home Automation Systems for the Elderly http://artificialintelligence.suite101.com/ article.cfm/smart_home_appliances#ixzz0lo3o8UKs http://www.smarthomeuae.com/product.php?productid=468& pcategory=21 http://www.techbites.com/201002122063/myblog/reviews/z001d-smart-homesmart-grid-product-surveyhttp://www.shas pa.com/shared-spaces/shaspa-smart-home/ http://www05.abb.com/global/scot/scot209.nsf/ veritydisplay/989b52a9ddeaeb67c125765e002d9e8e/$File /2CDC500060M0201_HB _EnergyE fficiency_EN.pdf

Proposal for Smart Controlle r for Home Appliances

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http://ieeexp lore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=04637604

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http://www.bulog ics.com/smartgrid.ht ml

iii

http://www.ho metoys.com/htinews/jun04/articles/upb/upb.htm

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http://ieeexp lore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4148041&userType=inst

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http://powerwatch.com/faq.ht ml

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http://zigbee.nectareen.com/?p=32

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http://www.ab iresearch.com/press/1555North+A merica+to+See+Nearly +1.1+Million+Managed+Ho me+Automation+Systems+Sh ipped+in+2012 viii

http://www.ab iresearch.com/press/3401Ho me+Automat ion+Systems+Revenue+to+Approach+$1 2+Billion+Worldwide+in+2015