Skripsi IAIN Metro 20

 

  SYLCK^M BFśFAFA FD-VSY”FK GFDF@ UCKMKLHFWFK HSFDMWF^ IFNFFK FDVSY”FK GM UJKGJH UC^FKWYCK WYM IAFHWM FWWFV\F YF@F USOF YF@FK SWFYF DF@USKL WM@SY

WC^M^

Gmfouhfk Lukf @c`ckuam Ucrsyfrftfk @cknfpfm Lcdfr @flmstcr gfdf` Imgfkl Uckgmgmhfk Flf`f Msdf`. Urjlrf` ^tugm ? Uckgmgmhfk Flf`f Msdf`

Gmsusuk Jdca? @SAMI FDM AF^FK YM^WMF KU@ ? 6357766

UYJLYF@ UF^NF^FYOFKF (UUs) MK^WMWSW FLF@F M^DF@ KCLCYM (MFMK) @CWYJ DF@USKL 67>1 A / 956< @.

 

  SYLCK^M BFśFAFA FD-VSY”FK GFDF@ UCKMKLHFWFK HSFDMWF^ IFNFFK FDVSY”FK GM UJKGJH UC^FKWYCK WYM IAFHWM FWWFV\F YF@F USOF YF@FK SWFYF DF@USKL WM@SY

WC^M^

Gmfouhfk Lukf @c`ckuam Ucrsyfrftfk @cknfpfm Lcdfr @flmstcr gfdf` Imgfkl Imgfkl Uckgmgmhfk F Flf`f lf`f Msdf`. Urjlrf` ^tugm ? Uckgmgmhfk Flf`f Msdf`

Jdca? @SAMI FDM AF^FK YM^WMF KU@. 6357766

Uc`im`imkl M ? Gr. Ao. Mgf S`f`m, @.Ug. Hjks Uc`im`imkl MM ? Gr. @farus Fs”fg, @.Fl

UYJLYF@ UF^NF^FYOFKF (UUs) MK^WMWSW FLF@F M^DF@ KCLCYM (MFMK) @CWYJ DF@USKL 67>1 A / 956< @.

 

FI^WYFH

@SAMI FDM AF^FK YM^WMF. 956). Gjhu`cktfsm. Afsmd pckcdmtmfk `ckukouhhfk ifawf BfŚfafa Fd-Vur”fk sfklft urlck gfdf` pckmklhftfk hufdmtfs pc`faf`fk tcrafgfp Fd-Vur”fk pfgf sfktrm gm Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck Wrm Iafhtm Iafhtm Fttfqwf Yf`f Uu Uuof of Yf`fk Stfrf Df`pukl Wm`ur. Gcklfk afd mkm `fhf hctmhf Fd-Vur”fk gmifnfhfk fhfk scsufm gcklfk csscksm yfkl tcrhfkgukl gfdf` msm fofrfk Fd-Vur”fk mtu sckgmrm. Fgfpuk hckgfdf yfkl fgf mtu sfklft hj`pdchs `udfm gfrm gfrm prmifgm Gcwfk Fsftmgz, ^fktrm, `fupuk ^frfkf gfk Urfsfrfkf Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck. Spfyf yfkl sugfa gmdfhuhfk jdca pmafh pjkgjh  pcsfktrck fgfdfa `c`mkm`fdmsmr fgfkyf icicpfrf hckgfdfa tcrsciut flfr tmgfh tcrofgm hclflfdfk gfdf` `ckgmgmh pfrf sfktrm. Gfk afrfpfkkyf gfrm upfyf tcrsciut flfr pfrf sfktrm `ckgfpfthfk md`u yfkl icr`fkbfft gfk icrhj`pctck gfdf`  imgfkl hcmd`ufk msdf` haususkyf haususkyf gfdf` md`u Fd-Vur”fk.

 

FI^WYFNW

@SAMI FDM AF^FK YM^WMF. 956

 

62

 iflmfkkyf yfkl gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\. @fhf ofgmdfa Fdqur”fk sciflfm mgcktmtfs gmrm. Gfdf`

`cktf”rmbhfk   `cktf”rmbhfk

Fd-Vur”fk,

pfrf

udf`f

icricgf

rcgfhsmjkfdkyf. Fhfk tctfpm, pfgf gfsfrkyf, tmgfh dcpfs gfrm uksur-uksur sciflfm icrmhut? f)  Hfdf`uddfa  i)  Gcklfk pcrfktfrf @fdfmhft Omirmd F^. n)  Gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\ g)  ^ciflfm @u”omzft c)  Gmtudms gfdf` `usafb b)  Gmkuhmd scnfrf `utfwftftmr l)  Gmfklllfp mifgfa jrfkl yfkl `c`ifnfkyf a)  Gm`udfm gcklfk surft fd-Bftmafa gfk gmtutup gcklfk surft fk-Kfs m)  ^ciflfm md`u dfgukm icrsmbft ldjifd  o)  @cknfhup sclfdf afhmhft hcickfrfk h)  Icrifafsf Frfi Fgfpuk afhmhft Fd-Vur”fk `ckurut pfrf  @utfhfddm`mk  @utfhfddm`mk   mfdfa `fhkf yfkl icrgmrm pfgf Gzft Fddfa ^\W. Sdf`f” @u”tfzmdfa  icrpckgmrmfk ifawf afhmhft Fd-Vur”fk fgfdfa fgf dfa aurub-aurub gfk sufrf yfkl gmnmptf (`faduh) (`faduh)   jdca Fddfa ^\W, yfkl sctcdfa wuoug hc`ugmfk amdfkl dckyfp.

Guf

Sdf`f”

yfkl

`ckmfgfhfk

hc`fhaduhfk

Fd-Vur”fk

`cklc`uhfhfk ifawf Fddfa ^\W. @ckyciut `fkusmf gfdf` 61 tc`pft sciflfm `fhaduh, tctfpm `ckyciut Fd-Vur”fk gfdf` 37 tc`pft tfkpf

 

6<

`ckyciut sciflfm `fhaduh. Dflm pudf bmr`fk Fddfa ^\W. ]fkl `ckyciuthfk Fd-Vur”fk gfk `fkusmf scnfrf icrsf`ffk, gmicgfhfk fktfrf hcgufkyf ?

 

                                          

Frtmkyf ? —yfkl tcdfa `cklfofrhfk Fd Vurfk. Gmf `cknmptfhfk `fkusmf.‐62  Fgfpuk pckgfpft pfrf udf`f tcktfkl pcklcrtmfk Fd-Vur”fk scnfrf tcr`mkjdjlm, sciflfm icrmhut? 6)  @ckurut @fkkf” Vfttfk, Fd-Vur”fk fgfdfa hfdf` Fddfa ^\W yfkl gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\ yfkl ifnffkkyf gmfkllfp sciflfm mifgfa. 9)  @ckurut @uaf``fg Fdm Fsa-^afiukm (wbt 6>=5 A) `fkgcbmkmsmhfk Fd-Vur”fk sciflfm hfdf` Fddfa yfkl tmfgf tfkgmklfkkyf yfkl icrkmdfm  @u”omzft , gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim tcrfhamr (Haftf` Fd-Fkimyf” 0

‫)جﻸﻬﺙ ﺋ‬

‫ﺬﺋﺜﻩ‬

gcklfk pcrfktfrf pcrfktfrf `fdfmhft omirmd yfkl yfkl tcrtudms pfgf pfgf

@usafb, gmrmwfyfthfk scnfrf  @utfwftmr,  @utfwftmr,   gfk ifnffkkyf tcr`fsuh mifgfa, yfkl gmfwfdm gcklfk ^urft Fd-Bftmafa gfk gmtutup gcklfk surft Fk-Kfs. >)  @ckurut Fd-^uyutam `ckcrfklhfk ifawf Fd-Vur”fk fgfdfa hfdf` Fddfa ^\W yfkl gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg yfkl tmgfh gmtfkgmklm jdca pckcktfklfkkyf wfdfu afkyf schcgffr sftu surft. 62

Afd. 6-9 

Hj`prcacksmb, (\jkjsjij? Lf`f @cgmf, 955>),   @unajtji Af`zfa, ^tugm Fd-Vur”fk Hj`prcacksmb, (\jkjsjij?

 

61

7)  Fgfpuk `ckurut mstmdfa dfmk gfrm hfdfklfk Sdf`f, gcvmkmsm Fd-Vur”fk fgfdfa ?

 ‫ﻹ‬ ‫ ﻑﺾ ﻩ‬  ‫ﮨ‬‫ﯺ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻈ‬  ‫ﷹ‬  ‫ﺸﻥﻵ‬  ‫ﮠﻮﺧﻧﺯ‬ ‫ﻑجﺾﯺﺬﺯﻬﺫﺋﺜ‬  ‫ﯺﺋﻈﻥﮠﻩﻵ‬ ‫ﺕﻬ‬ ‫ﻑﺵ ﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻩﻡ‬‫ﻚﮠ‬‫جﻡ‬‫ﯻ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﷹ‬   ‫ءﻞ‬  ‫ﺋ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻡﺋﻘ‬ ‫جﻫﻚ‬ ‫ﺸجﻕﻴؠﮠ‬ ‫ﻚﻸﻑﺫ‬ ‫ج‬ —Fdqur”fk fgfdfa hmtfi Fddfa ^\W yfkl gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim  @uaf``fg ^F\ uktuh hcifmhfk `fkusmf gfdf` `fsfdfa Flf`f,  Gukmf gfk Fhamrftkyf‐.6, @fgrfsfa Gmkmyfa Fssfdfbmyfa

 „ Amgfyftud 61 @uitfgm”mk, Ijoj Kcljrj, Ofwf Wm`ur, Afd. 7  @. ^yfhur… Afd. 3-2  

 

6=

sfafift sclcrf `ckyusuk gfk `ckudmshfk hc`ifdm afpfdfk wfayu `crchf. Uckyusukfk hc`ifdm Fd-Vur'fk mkm gmprfhfrsfm jdca Hafdmbfa Sts`fk imk Fbbfk uktuh `c`iuft sciufa pckyusukfk rcs`m yfkl gmsciut susukfk Sts`fk, gcklfk imfsfkyf `c`pcrtm`ifklhfk pjdf gfsfr Fd-Vur'fk sfft mkm.6=   Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\ gmutus sciflfm Uc`icrm pcrmklftfk, fknf`fk, hfifr lc`imrf, pckycru hcpfgf flf`f Fddfa. Icdmfu oulf  pckcrfkl hclcdfpfk gfk pc`icrm nfafyf hcpfgf ifklsf frfi, yfkl u``m, tmgfh pfkgfm ifnf tudms, hcnmfdm icicrfpf lcdmktmr gfk gfpft gmamtukl gcklfk  ofrm (Dmsfk Fd-‑Frfi).  Fd-‑Frfi).  Icicrfpf hj`ukmtfs dfmk `ckofgm sfhsm tcrafgf hc hcu``m u``mfk fk `crchf. ^cofrfa oulf `ckuturhfk afd yfkl gc`mhmfk.95  Gfdf` afd mkm, fgfdfa ickfr omhf tmgfh sc`uf u`ft Msdf` `ckllukfhfk ifafsf Frfi sciflfm Ifafsf Stf`f. Fgf icicrfpf fdfsfk `cklfpf ifafsf Frfi gmpmdma sciflfm Ifafsf uktuh Fd-Vur”fk. f)  Ifafsf Frfi `crupfhfk sfdfa sftu ifafsf yfkl pfdmkl tuf gfk fifgm Ifafsf Frfi gmkmdfm `crupfhfk sciufa ifafsf yfkl ukmh, hfrckf omhf gmifkgmklhfk gcklfk ifafsf Mkllrms yfkl sugfa `cklfdf`m ifkyfh cvjdusm gfk gcvmfsm, ifafsf Frfi gfdf` Fd-Vur”fk gfk ifafsf Frfi sfft mkm `fsma sf`f.

6=

  Gjkkcr, Brcg, "Wac amstjrmnfd njktcxt" mk @nFudmbbc, O. G. (cg.), Wac Nf`irmglc

Nj`pfkmjk tj tac Vur'Ćk, Vur'Ćk, Nf`irmglc Skmvcrsmty Urcss, 9552, Afd. >6„>>  >6„>>   95

 ^ycha @uaf``fg Imk Afofr, ^cofrfa Ifnf Wudms ^mbft S``m (Wmgfh Wfau Ifnf Wudms)  Ufgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\, Uutfhf Mqrf” , … tt. Afd. 3 36 6

 

95

 i)  Ifkyfh hftf gfrm ifafsf Frfi yfkl gmscrfp Ifafsf Dfmk. Fdfsfk `cklfpf Fd-Vur”fk gmturukhfk gfdf` ifafsf Frfi icrmhutkyf fgfdfa  ifkyfh hftf-hftf gfrm ifafsf Frfi yfkl gmscrfp jdca Ifafsf Dfmk. n)  Ifkyfhkyf ou`dfa hjsf hftf gfdf` ifafsf Frfi g)  Hc`f`pufk ifafsf Frfi uktuh `cklfkgukl ifkyfh mkbjr`fsm c)  Buklsmkyf sciflfm mkguh gfrm ifafsf-ifafsf dfmk gm gukmf

>.  Nmrm-nmrm Fd-Vur”fk

^ciufa hmtfi ftfu `usafb imsf gmhftfhfk sciflfm Fd-Vur”fk `fkfhfdf `c`ckuam gcdfpfk syfrft, yfmtu? f)  Bmr`fk Fddfa ^\W Frtmkyf ifawf Hmtfi ^unm Fd-Vur”fk `crupfhfk hu`pudfk bmr`fk-bmr`fk Fddfa ^\W yfkl gmbjr`udfsmhfk jdca Fddfa ^\W sckgmrm ifmh `fhkf `fupuk tchskyf. ^c`cktfrf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\ afkyf schcgfr `ckcrm`f, tfkpf `c`bjr`udfsmhfk udfkl. Mkm schfdmlus `c`icrmhfk pckclfsfk uktuh `c`icgfhfk fktfrf Afgmst gfk Fd-Vur”fk. Afgms wfdfupuk hfkguklfk `fhkfkyf icrfsfd gfrm Fddfa ^\W, tctfpm bjr`udfsm vcrifdkyf icrfsfd gfrm hrcftmbmtfs Kfim. ^c`cktfrf Fd-Vur”fk ifmh `fhkf `fupuk bjr`udfsm vcrifdkyf scpckuakyf icrfsfd gfrm Fddfa ^\W, Kfim schcgfr `ckcrm`f ofgm (tfhck bjr lrfktcg ) fpf yfkl gmturukhfkyf hcpfgfkyf.

 

96

 i)  Icrdfbfd Ifafsf Frfi. Frtmkyf ifawf Fd-Vur”fk mtu gmsciut sciflfm Fd-Vur”fk `fkfhfdf icrdfbfdhfk Ifafsf Frfi, iuhfk ifafsf dfmkyf. Mkm schfdmlus uktuh `c`icgfhfk fktfrf Fd-Vur”fk gfk tcroc`fa Fd-Vur”fk ftfu tfbsmr Fd-Vur”fk. ^chfdmpuk tcroc`fa Fd-Vur”fk sfklft sc`purkf gfdf` pckyfdmkfk `fhkf Fd-Vur”fk gfdf` ifafsf dfmk, tmgfh imsf gfk tmgfh ijdca gmsciut sciflfm Fd-Vur”fk sckgmrm. Hfrckf pckcroc`fafk wfdfupuk sfklft sc`purkf tmgfh imsf `cwfhmdm `fhkf gfk hfkguklfk Fd-Vur”fk scnfrf hcscduruafk. Hfrckf pckcroc`fafk sugfa tmgfh dflm `urkm, fhfk tctfpm pcrfk fhfd `fkusmf sfklft gj`mkfk. ^camkllf scrmklhfdm pckcroc`fafk fktfrf sftu jrfkl gcklfk jrfkl dfmk, ftfu sftu `fsf gcklfk `fsf yfkl dfmk scrmklhfdm `cklfdf`m pcruifafk. Jdca hfrckf mtu, tcroc`fafk ftfu yfkl dfmkyf tmgfh imsf gfk tmgfh ijdca gmsciut sciflfm Fd-Vur”fk mtu sckgmrm. Mkm gmdfhuhfk gfdf` rfklhf uktuh `ckoflf jtcktmsmtfs Fd-Vur”fk gfrm gfaudu sf`pfm fhamr zf`fk. n)  @cklfkgukl @uhomzft. @uhomzft Fd-Vur”fk tmgfh gmrfluhfk dflm. Gfrm susukfk aurub, hftf,

hfdm`ft,

fyft,

`fupuk

surft

sc`ufkyf

`cklfkgukl

hcmstm`cwffk yfkl tmgfh gm`mdmhm jdca iuhu-iuhu hfrfklfk `fkusmf. Gc`mhmfk oulf gfrm sclm `fhkf, msyfrft-msyfrft md`mfa, gfk pc`ifnffk tcdfa iclmtu ifkyfh `cdfamrhfk hchflu`fk, pckncrfafk, hfryf gfk  pcrfgfifk `fkusmf gfrm pcrmjgc hc pcrmjgc.

 

99

g)  Gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\. Mkm schfdmlus uktuh `c`icgfhfk gcklfk hmtfi-hmtfi sunm dfmkyf. Ifawf hmtfi sunm yfkl gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\ fgfdfa Fd-Vur”fk. ^c`cktfrf hmtfi-hmtfi dfmk yfkl gmturukhfk hcpfgf scdfmk kfim @uaf``fg ^F\ iuhfk gmsciut Fd-Vur”fk. ^camkllf Fd-Vur”fk `crupfhfk mstmdfa yfkl gmlukfhfk uktuh `ckyciut scnfrf hausus Hmtfi ^unm yfkl tcdfa gmturukhfk jdca Fddfa ^\W hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\. c)  Wcrtudms gm gfdf` @usafb. Mkm frtmkyf ifawf Fd-Vur”fk mtu gmsciut sciflfm FdVur”fk, hfrckf tcrtudms ftfu gmtudms gfdf` `usafb, tmgfh schcgfr gmafbfd gfdf` jtfh `fkusmf gfdf` icktuh ncrmtf, gjklckl ftfu tutur tmkudfr, gfrm `udut hc `udut. Fd-Vur”fk mtu gmtudms gfrm lckcrfsm pcrtf`f amkllf sf`pfm sfft mkm, gfk fhfk tcrus icrdfklsukl sf`pfm fhamr zf`fk. Wrfks`msm Fd-Vur”fk gmsf`pmkl `cklfkgfdhfk trfgmsm jrfd   (dmsfk) yfkl sugfa tcricktuh gfrm lckcrfsm fwfd Msdf` oulf gmpfkgu jdca trfgmsm tudms Fd-Vur”fk, scamkllf hcgufkyf sfdmkl `cdcklhfpm gfk `c`pcrhuft jtcktmsmtfs Fd-Vur”fk amkllf sf`pfm sfft mkm. b)  Gmtrfks`msmhfk scnfrf @utfwftmr. scnfrf @utfwftmr.   @utfwftmr fgfdfa gmrmwfyfthfk gfrm jrfkl ifkyfh hcpfgf jrfkl yfkl ifkyfh pudf gfk sctcruskyf, scamkllf tmgfh gm`uklhmkhfk tcrofgmkyf trfks`msm.

hcijajklfk,

pc`fdsufk,

ftfupuk

hcsfdfafk

gfdf`

 

9>

l)  Gmfkllfp sciflfm mifgfa iflm yfkl `c`ifnfkyf `c`ifnfk yf Frtmkyf pc`ifnffk Fd-Vur”fk yfkl icrifafsf Frfi tcrsciut `c`pukyfm kmdfm tf”fiugm tf”fiugm   (mifgfa), wfdfupuk tmgfh `c`faf`m msm hfkguklfkyf. Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\ icrsfigf?

 ‫ﺀ‬  ‫ﺸﻥﻵ‬  ‫ﺀ‬ 

‫ﺠﺾﻫ‬  ‫ﻜ ? ﻜ‬  ‫ﻈﻡﻯ‬  ‫ﺀ‬  ‫ﺠﺺﻹ‬  ‫ﻮﺷﻄﻫﺭ‬  ‫ﺖﻢ‬  ‫ﺀ‬  ‫ﻈﺙﺯ‬  ‫ﻠﻈﻢ‬ ‫ يﺗ‬‫ﺷ‬‫ ﺀﺧ‬‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺗل‬‫ﺷ‬‫ ﺮ‬X P ‫ ﻯ‬ ‫ ﱎ‬‫ ﻄ‬  ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺊ‬  ‫ﻢ‬  ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﺮ‬  ‫ﺫ‬  ‫ﻢ‬‫? )) ﻮ‬ ‫ﻠﺾﻥﻩ‬ ‫ﻈﻥﻷﻯ‬  ‫ﺫﻖ‬ ‫ﺮ‬  ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻠ‬   ‫ﻖ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﺮ‬    ‫ﻠ‬   ‫ﻖ‬  ‫ﺫ‬‫ﺮ‬  ‫ﻙ‬  ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ ﻔ‬‫ ﻠ‬, ‫ﺫﻭ‬ ‫ﺮ‬  ‫ﺀﱉ‬  ‫ي‬  ‫ ﻜيﻫ‬  ,  ‫ﻤ‬      ‫ﺱﺫ‬ ‫ﻄ‬ (

)

‫ﺸﺧﻷ‬ ‫ﺮﺷﻢ‬ ‫ ? ﺮﺯ﻾ﺟ‬ ‫ ﻠﻜ‬. ‫ﺀﻚﱵﻮﺤ‬ ‫ﻈﻷﺷﻵ‬ ‫ﺖﻢ‬ ‫ﳊﻧﺯ‬ ‫ﻈﻷﺷﻵ‬ ‫ﺎﺖﻫ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻠﺀ‬‫ﺠ‬

Frtmkyf ? "Gfrm Figmddfa Imk @fs”ug rf, mf icrhftf Yfsududdfa ^F\  icrsfigf —Ifrfklsmfpf `c`ifnf sftu aurub gfrm hmtfikyf  Fddfa `fhf iflmkyf hcifmhfk, sftu hcifmhfk fhfk gmdmpftlfkgfhfk 65 hcifmhfk, fhu tmgfh `cklfhftfk fdmb df` `m` mtu sftu aurub `cdfmkhfk fdmb sftu aurub df` sftu aurub `m` sftu aurub.‐ aurub.‐ (AY. Fiu Msf @uaf``fg imk Msf Ft Wmr`mzgm) M`f` Wmr`mgzm `cklfhftfhfk ifawf afgmts mkm  icrhcguguhfk afsfk gfk safama.96  a)  Gm`udfm gfrm ^urft Fd-Bftmafa gfk gmtutup gcklfk ^urft Fk-Kfs. ^usukfk ^urfa gfk fyft Fd-Vur”fk gmgfsfrhfk pfgf tfuqmbm tfuqmbm   (hctctfpfk gfk pctukouh gfrm Kfim ^F\ dfklsukl) yfkl gm`udfm gfrm ^urfa Fd-Bftmafa gfk gmfhamrm gcklfk ^urfa Fk-Kfs. ^camkllf susukfk scdfmk mkm, gmfkllfp sciflfm Wfbsmr Fd-Vur”fk iuhfk fd-qurfk mtu sckgmrm. ^cpcrtm ^usukfk Fd-Vur”fk yfkl gmgfsfrhfk pfgf hrjkjdjlm turukyf fd-Vurfk, tmgfh gmfklfp sciflfm Fd-Vur”fk, tctfpm Wfbsmr Fd-Vur”fk. 96 

Fim _fhfrmyf ]fayf Imk ^yfrjbuggmk Fk Kfwfwm Fs ^yfbmm.  Ft Wmiyfk Bm Fgfim  Af`fdftmd Vur”fk. Vur”fk. ^urfifyf? Fd amgfyfa, tt… Afd.67

 

97

7.  Buklsm, Wuoufk Gfk Hcguguhfk Fd-Vur”fk

Fd-Vur”fk Fd-Hfrm` fgfdfa `uhozft fifgm, yfkl gmturukhfk hcpfgf Yfsududdfa ^F\ sciflfm amgfyfa iflm `fkusmf gfk pc`icgf 99 fktfrf yfkl yfkl   Afq  Afq  gfk yfkl  Iftmd.   Fddfa ^\W `ckurukhfk Fd-Vur”fk

`cdfdum

dfktfrfk

@fdfmhft

Omirmd

yfkl

gmsf`pfmhfk

hcpfgf

Kfim

@uaf``fg ^F\ `c`mdmhm `c`mdmhm ifkyfh buklsm gfk tuoufk, gmfktfrfkyf fgfdfa sciflfm icrmhut ? f.  ^ciflfm pctukouh iflm @fkusmf ^ugfa tmgfh gmrfluhfk dflm ifawf Fd-Vur”fk

`c`icrmhfk

 pctukouh gfdf` pcrsjfdfk-pcrsjfdfk fhmgfa, syfrm”fa, gfk fhadfh. Gfk Fddfa ^\W tcdfa `ckulfshfk Yfsud ^F\ uktuh `c`icrmhfk hctcrfklfk yfkl dcklhfp.  i.  ^u`icr pjhjh fofrfk Msdf` Fddfa ^\W tcdfa `ckocdfshfk gcklfk bmr`fkkyf, fktfrf dfmk V^ ?Fd-Fk”f`?>1

                                                                                                                                                                  Frtmkyf ?  —Gfk tmfgfdfa imkftfkl-imkftfkl yfkl fgf gm iu`m gfk iurukl-iurukl yfkl tcrifkl gcklfk hcguf sfyfpkyf, `cdfmkhfk u`ft (oulf) scpcrtm hf`u. Wmfgfdfa Hf`m fdpfhfk  scsuftupuk gfdf` Fd-Hmtfi, hc`ugmfk hcpfgf Wuafkdfa `crchf gmam`pukhfk.9>  99

  Fa`fg Bftajkm, Wuktukfk Urfhtms 655 @fqrf” Vmrfft @uofwwfg Ymwfyft Vfduk „ \frsy „ Hafdfb - & Vmrfft ^fi”fa, ^fi”fa , Wrfksajp Urmktmkl dmkm usfaf trfksmktmtutc, Ofhfrtf, Mkgjkcsmf, 9566, Afd. 9> 6  Hc`cktmfk Flf`f YM … Afd. 65

 icrampjtcsms tcktfkl tc ktfkl yfyft mkm, ocdfs o cdfs tmgfh `c`mdmhm iftfsfk. Gfk `frm hmtf njif hmtf `c`icrm —pfrfparfsc tfbsmrmyfa‐ tctktfkl fyft mkm.92  Ufgf fwfdkyf sui md`u gfrm Fdqur”fk icdu` icrhc`ifkl pcsft scpcrtm sfft gcwfsf mkm. Gcklfk fgfkyf pfrf Nckgmhmfwfk @usdm` `fhf tcrdfamrdfa md`u-md`u ifru yfkl gm afsmdhfk gfrm pckcdmsmhfk tcrafgfp msm hfkguklfk Fd-Vur”fk. Gfk sfdfa sftukyf fgfdfa md`u tcktfkl iflfm`fkf  ickfrkyf `cklunfp Fd-Vur”fk gfk iflfm`fkf sfdfakyf. Md`u mkm `uknud gfk icrhc`ifkl `fsf tfim”mk yfkl sfgfr tcktfkl hufdmtfs lckcrfsm hctmhf Fdqur”fk tmgfh gmoflf jrmsmkfdmtfskyf. \fdfupuk pfgf afhmhftkyf yfkl `ckoflf hcjrmkfdmtfsfk fd-qur”fk fgfdfa Fddfa ^\W sckgmrm. Uc`ifafsfk md`u bfŚfafa mkm `fsuh gfdf` md`u ifdflaja ftfu md`u tftf imnfrf scnfrf ifmh gfk ickfr. Md`u mkm pcktmkl gmpcdfofrm hfrckf gfrm kf`fkyf sfof `c`pukyfm frtm —Uckyf`pfmfk‐. @fhsugkyf fgfdfa hctmhf scscjrfkl `c`pukyfm md`u mkm `fhf gfdf` tftf imnfrfkyf fhfk `ugfa gmbfaf` scrtf `c`pukyfm ijijt pc`ifafsfk yfkl icrhufdmtfs.  Kf`uk afd mkm oulf fgf auiuklfkkyf auiuklfkkyf gcklfk md`u tfowmg yfkl `fkf  pc`ifafsfk bfsafafa oulf gmifafs gfdf` tftfkfk Wfowmg Fd-Vur”fk. Fd-Vur”fk. Hftf bfsma ftfu gfdf` ifafsf Frfi gmsciut

‫جﻚﻗﺴﺋﺮﺗ‬  / Fd-Bfsfafa

frtmkyf yfmtu Wcrfkl   ftfu  Ocdfs  Ocdfs.. Hfdm`ft mtu gmkf`fhfk bfsma fpfimdf hfdm`ft mtu tcrfkl pcklunfpfkkyf, ocdfs frtmkyf gfk iflus susukfkkyf. 96  Mik Hftsmr icrpckgfpft ifawf bfsafafa fgfdfa scnfrf hausus tcrhfmt gcklfk dfbfgz iuhfk `fhkf. Mf icrhftf? hfdf` bfsma fgfdfa tf`pfh 91

  Fig Fd-Afbmgz Afsfk, Md`u Afsfk,  Md`u Fd-@f”fkm? Fd- @f”fkm? Gmrffsfa Kfgzfrmyyfa Wfgzimmqymyfa Wfgzimmqymyfa,, (@csmr?

@fhtfifa fd-Fgfi, 9565). Afd. 1. 9=   Fdm Fd-Ofrm` gfk @ustafbf F`mk,  Fd-ifdfflaftud wffgamafa wffgamafa,, Wcro. nct.MQ. (Ifkgukl? ^mkfr Ifru Fdlcksmkgj, 9566). Afd. 6.   >5 >6

 @ckurut Fdm Fd-Ofrm` gfk @ustfbf F`mk    Fig fd-Afbmg Afsfk, Md`u Afsfk, Md`u Fd-@f”fkm? Gmrffsfa Kfgzfrmyyfa Wfgzimmqymyfa..., Wfgzimmqymyfa..., Afd. =. 

 

>9

gfk ocdfs, `fhsugkyf fgfdfa ifawf dfbfgz-dfbfgzkyf gfpft gmpfaf`m,  yfkl tmgfh `c`crduhfk pc`faf`fk gfrm iuhu-iuhu dmklumstmh.  dmklumstmh.  Afd mkm gmhfrckfhfk dfbfgz-dfbfgz mtu gmsusuk icrgfsfrhfk fturfk pfgf frcf  pcrhftffk `crchf, gm`fkf tcrsusuk gm frcf pcrhftffk yfkl tcrhfmt tc rhfmt gcklfk hcifmhfk dfbfgzkyf. Gfk hcifmhfk dfbfgz gfpft gmtc`uhfk gfdf`  pckgcklfrfk. ^csuftu yfkl gfpft gmtc`uhfk gcklfk ofdfk `ckgcklfrhfk fgfdfa dfbfgz, scifi mtu fgfdfa sufrf yfkl tcrsusuk gfrm `fhafrmoud haurub.>9  Gfrm icicrfpf gcvmkmsm gm ftfs `fhf gfpft gmsm`puhfk ifawf Bfsafafa Fd-Vur”fk gfdf` gcvmkmsm ctm`jdjlm fgfdfa suftu  Hfdf`  Hfdf`   (pchftffk) yfkl ocdfs gfk gfpft dfklsukl gmbfaf`m tfkpf ifktufk md`u tf`ifafk dfmk. Fgfpuk @fhkf —Bfsaéafa— —Bfsaéafa—   scnfrf Mstmdfa, tcrofgm pcricgffk  pckgfpft gm hfdfklfk Sdf`f Kfawu gfk Ifdflfa. Ucricgffk mkm imsf gmbfaf` hfrckf `c`fkl icricgfkyf hfomfk hcguf imgfkl md`u tcrsciut. Sdf`f Kfawu `cksyfrfthfk hcbfsmafk Ifafsf Frfi gcklfk stfkgfr hcickfrfk scnfrf hfmgfa Ifafsf Frfi. Frtmkyf, jrfkl yfkl gmsciut Bfsma gfdf` icrimnfrf ifafsf Frfi fgfdfa gmf yfkl tmgfh dfak (ncgfd 8 Ofwf )   )  tmgfh `cdcknckl gfrm hfmgfa ifafsf yfkl sugfa gmtcktuhfk. ^c`cktfrf mtu, Sdf`f Ifdflfa `ckofgmhfk tmlf stfkgfr utf`f uktuh `c`mdmh hcbfsmafk Ifafsf Frfi yfmtu gfrm fspch Hftf, Hfdm`ft Hf dm`ft gfk Uc`imnfrf. Gfrm

icicrfpf

gcbmkmsm

Bfsafafa

gm

ftfs,

gfpft

gmtfrmh

 pcklcrtmfkkyf yfhkm Bfsafafa gfpft gmfrtmhfk ocdfs gfk tcrfkl gfrm smsm hftf gfk hfdm`ft scrtf Uc`imnfrfkyf. Hfdm`ft gfdf` Ifafsf Frfi gmhftfhfk bfsma hctmhf `c`mdmhm hcocdfsfk `fhkf, `ugfa ifafsfkyf scrtf

>9

 Fig fd-Afbmg Afsfk, Md`u Afsfk, Md`u Fd-@f”fkm … Afd 65. 

 

>>

susukfkyf scsufm gcklfk hfmgfa-hfmgfa ifafsf Frfi yfkl tcdfa gmscpfhftm.

9.  Hj`pjkck Bfsajafa Fd-Vur”fk

f.  Hfrfhtcrstmh Bfsma ^ciflfm`fkf ifafsf dfmk yfkl `c`mdmhm smstc` yfkl hafs gfk  icricgf, Ifafsf Frfi oulf `c`mdmhm Nmrm gfk Hafs yfkl icricgf pudf gcklfk ifafsf dfmk. Hfrfhtcrmstmh gfdf` afd mkm fgfdfa hfrfhtcrmstmh yfkl `ckofgm gfsfr ftfu nmrm ifawf hftf ftfu hfdm`ft gfdf` ifafsf Frfi mtu gmsciut  bfsma  bfsma   ftfu  ocdfs  ocdfs.. Gfdf` lrf`ftmhfd ifafsf frfi tcrgfpft mstmdfa hfrfhtcrmstmh bfsma, hftf bfsma gfdf` ifafsf Frfi gfpft gmhcdj`pjhhfk `ckofgm tmlf afd yfhkm8 6) Bfsma gfdf` hftf, 9) Bfsma gfdf` hfdm`ft, >) Bfsma gfdf` pc`imnfrf ifafsf. >>  Hctmlf afd tcrsciut fhfk gmocdfshfk dcima gctfmd sciflfm icrmhut? 6)   Bfsma Hftf Hftf yfkl bfsma fgfdfa hftf yfkl tcramkgfr gfrm tmlfd afd8 Wfkfburud-haurub , @uhafdfbud-qmyfs  @uhafdfbud-qmyfs,, gfk Lafrfifa Lafrfifa.. f)  Wfkfburud-haurub   (

‫) ﺜﻡﺋﻞﺫجﻚﺧﺫﻑ‬  fgfdfa hfdm`ft (hftf) yfkl gm

gfdf`kyf `cklfkgukl aurub yfkl `cklfhmifthfk hftf mtu suhfr gmunfphfk gfk tmgfh ckfh gmgcklfr. ^cpcrtm hftf   ‫جﻚﮠﻄﺡﻏ‬  (tu`iua-tu`iuafk `fhfkfk uktf) gfk uktf) gfk

>>

 @frgojhj Mgrms, Md`u Mgrms, Md`u Ifdflafa ........ afd. ........ afd. 9.

‫جﻚﻧﺷﺑﺱﺵض‬ (ifrfkl yfkl

 

>7

gmpmktfd).>7 Njktja dfmk scpcrtm

‫جﻚﻁﺲ‬  (tc`pft yfkl hfsfr  )  gfk

‫جﻚﻡ ﻑﺋﺙ‬ (fmr tfwfr yfkl ickmkl).>3   i)   @uhafdfbftud-qmyfs  @uhafdfbftud-qmyfs   ( ‫جﻚﻑﯺﺋ‬  ‫)ﻮﺡﺋﻚﻗﺗ‬  fgfdfa suftu hfdm`ft yfkl `cklfkgukl hftf yfkl tmgfh `cklmhutm fturfk gfdf` md`u safrfb. ^cpcrtm hftf

‫ ﺖﻫﻜﺋﺩ‬ gfk ‫ﺕﺕﺡ‬.‫ﻫ‬Hftf ‫ﺩ ﻮ‬‫ﺋ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻑ‬

 of`fh gfrm hftf `ubrfg scgfkl hftf hftf

 fgfdfa icktuh

‫ﺖﻫى‬, `cstmkyf of`fhkyf fgfdfa ‫جﺖﻫجى‬,

‫ﺕﺕﺡ‬ ‫ﻫ‬fgfdfa ‫ﻮ‬

oulf tmgfh safrbm, `cstmkyf fgfdfa

‫ﻫﺕﺡ‬ (gm-mgalf`hfk). ‫ﻮ‬

n)   Fd-lafrfifa  (‫ )جﻚﻕﺫجﺖﺗ‬fgfdfa hftf yfkl tmgfh ocdfs frtmkyf, hfrckf tmgfh gmpcrlukfhfk jdca pfrf pckudms gfk pckyfmr pckyfmr hckf`ffk. ^cpcrtm dfbfgz d fbfgz  gfk dfbfgz

‫ﺜﻔﺇﻘﺇ‬ yfkl icrfrtm icrhu`pud

‫جﻞﺫﻬﻑﻏ‬ yfkl icrfrtm pcrlmdfa.>2 

9)   Bfsma Hfdm`ft Hfdm`ft ftfu

ou`dfa

gfpft gmhftfhfk

bfsma

fpfimdf

susukfkkyf tcrdcpfs gfrm c`pft afd8 Wfkfburud-Hfdm`ft ,  Gf”bu FtWf”dmb, Ft-Wf”qmg Fd-Dfbgzy, Fd-Dfbgzy, gfk ft-Wf”qmg Fd-@f”kfwm. Fd-@f”kfwm. f)  Wfkfburu-hfdm`ft   (‫)ﺜﻡﺋﻞﺫجﻚﻔﻥﻧﺗ‬  yfmtu fpfimdf auiuklfk hftfhftfkyf `cklfhmifthfk hfdm`ft mtu tmgfh ckfh gmgcklfr gfk sudmt gmunfphfk jdca dmsfk. ^cpcrtm hftf pckyfmr?  pckyfmr?   >7

 @frgojhj Mgrms, Md`u Mgrms, Md`u Ifdflafa … afd. … afd. >    Ambkm Ich Gfyyfi ghh. Vfwf”mgu M”dulafa ‑M-‑Frfimyfa, ‑M-‑Frfimyfa, Wcro. nct. Q (Ofhfrtf? Gfrud

>3

Sdu` Urcss, >2 9553

‫ﻜﺙ‬ ‫ﺮﺫء‬ ‫ﻜﺙﺫ‬ ‫ﻜﺫء‬ ‫ﻚﯺﺹ‬ ‫ ﻑ‬+ ‫ﻜﻗﺫ‬ ‫ ﺖﻧﻔﺋﻕ‬ ‫ﺮﺫء‬ ‫ﻑﻜﺙﺫ‬ ^yfmr

gm

ftfs,

hftf-hftfkyf

tmgfh

suhfr,

tctfpm

hctmhf

 icrauiuklfk gcklfk yfkl dfmkkyf `ckofgm sudmt gmunfphfk gfk tmgfh ckfh gmgcklfr.  i)   Gf”bu ft-tf”dmb   (‫جﻚﺑﺇﻚﯺﻙ‬ 

‫)ﺺﻄﻙ‬  fgfdfa

suftu hfdm`ft yfkl

susukfk ifafsfkyf `ckym`pfkl gfrm hfmgfa md`u kfawu yfkl  ickfr gfk `fsyaur. ^cpcrtm pcrhftffk scscjrfkl icrmhut mkm8

‫ جﺖﺫجﮠﯺ‬ ‫جﻮﺹ‬ ‫ جﺼﺑﺫج‬ ‫ جﻚﺤ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﺥﻘﺑﺋﺖﮨ‬ hc`ifdmkyf gaf`mr (au) pfgf dfbfgz (hmtfi) fgfdfa hcpfgf Mirfam`, kf`uk Mirfam` gmdctfhhfk gm icdfhfkl hfdm`ft, mkm `ckyfdfam susukfk md`u kfawu yfkl `fsyaur, `cstmkyf `cstmk yf

.

‫جﻮ‬ ‫ جﺼﺑﺫج‬ ‫ جﻚﺤ‬ ‫ﻘﺑﺋﺖﮨ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﺥ جﺖﺫجﮠﯺﻩ‬

n)  Wf”hmg dfbgzm  dfbgzm  (‫)جﻚﻥﻗﻁﻵ‬  fgfdfa suftu hfdm`ft yfkl `fhsug  pcsfkkyf tmgfh ocdfs, gm scifihfk jdca gmgfauduhfkkyf suftu hftf ftfu gmpmsfa gfrm auiuklfk hftfkyf, scpcrtm pcrhftffk  icrmhut mkm? 

.  ‫ﺥﺬﯺﮨ‬ ‫ﻘﺑﺋﺖﺋ‬ ‫ﻮﻏ‬ ‫جﺾﻧﺋﻈﯺﻛ‬ ‫أﻸ‬ ‫ﺥ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺋ‬‫ﻮ‬ Sklhfpfk tcrsciut sudmt gmpfaf`m, hfrckf tcrofgm pc`utfr ifdmhfk tc`pft hftfkyf, susukfk yfkl ickfr ickfr fgfdfa

.

‫ﻘﺑﺋﺖﺋ‬ ‫أﻸ‬ ‫ﺥﺬﯺﮨ‬ ‫جﺾﻧﺋﻈﯺ ﻮﻏ‬ ‫ﻮﺋﻜﺫﺥ‬

g)  Wf”hmg fd-@f”kfwm (

‫)جﻚﻧﻄﻡﻫ‬  fgfdfa

suftu hfdm`ft yfkl sudmt

gmbfaf`m frtm/`fhsugkyf, gmscifihfk jdca pckllukffk hftf

 

>2

`fofz yfkl hurfkl tcpft. ^cpcrtm pcklukffk dfbfgz  ‫ ﻚﺷﺋﻕ‬  uktuh `ftf-`ftf gfdf` hfdm`ft

‫جﻚﻧﺯﯻﻡﺗ‬  ‫ﻞﻹ‬  ‫ﺥﻚﺷﻡﺑﮨ‬  ‫جﻚﻧﻥﻟ‬  ‫ﻬﺱﺫ‬  (rfof mtu

tcdfa `ckycifrhfk `ftf-`ftfkyf gm gfdf` hjtf). Uckllukffk dfbfgz dmsfk uktuh frtm `ftf-`ftf gmrfsf tmgfh tcpft, hfrckf hjkvcksm yfkl tcdfa `fpfk hftf dmsfk uktuh frtm ifafsf, if afsf, scpcrtm

‫ﻜﻫﻮﮨ‬  ‫ ﺖﻥﺷﺋﻕ‬  ‫جﻸ‬  ‫ ضﺾﻫﻩ‬  ‫ﻮﻢ‬  ‫جضﺾﻥﻡﺋ‬  ‫ ﻑﻮﺋ‬  (gfk hf`m tmfgf `cklutus scjrfkl rfsud hcpfgf hfu`kyf, hcnufdm gcklfk ifafsf dmsfk (yfhkm ifafsf hfu`kyf).>)   Bfsmakyf Uc`imnfrf Fgfdfa hc`f`pufk yfkl gm`mdmhm jdca pc`imnfrf uktuh `cdfbfgzhfk hfdm`ft/hftf-hftf scnfrf ickfr gfk tcpft, scamkllf `fhsug/pcsfk hfdm`ft mtu tcrnfpfm hc tuoufk. ^cgfkl hftf (‫جﻚﺙﻴﻊﺗ‬/  if-df-laf yfkl  yfkl icrfrtm ‫ ﻑﺸﻛ‬ / Fd-Ifdflafa) icrfsfd gfrm hftf  ‫ﺖﻥﻋ‬ / if-df-laf wf-saf-df   (sf`pfm), yfkl gm`fhsug sf`pfm fgfdfa sf`pfmkyf wf-saf-df  pcsfk yfkl gmhfkgukl hfdf` pcrhftffk yfkl gmsf`pfmhfk jdca scscjrfkl hcpfgf jrfkl dfmk. Fgf guf `fnf` ifdflafa8 pcrtf`f  ifdflafkyf hfdm`ft, hcguf ifdflafkyf pc`imnfrf. Ifdflafakyf hfdm`ft fgfdfa scsufmkyf hfdm`ft mtu gcklfk hfmgfa hfdm`ft mtu gmunfphfk, scrtf scsufmkyf gcklfk pckcrm`f (yfkl gmfofh imnfrf). ^cpcrtm hftf scscjrfkl hfdm`ft mtu ackgfhkyf scsufm gcklfk `fqfd  (unfpfk)   (unfpfk) gfk `fqf` (tc`pft) (tc`pft)   kyf. ^ciflfm >1

`fhsug gcklfk unfpfk yfkl bfsma/ifmh‐. bfsma/ifmh‐.   >.  Buklsm Bfsajaftud Vur”fk gfdf` pc`ifnffk Fd-Vur”fk

f. Gfdf` Frtm Gfk Mktcrprctfsmkyf.

61  M`f`

Fhagdjrm,  Ofuafr @fhkuk @fhkuk,, Wcro. nct. MMM (Ifkgukl? UW Fd`f”frmb, 6=1=). Afd.

 

>1

Fgfpuk buklsm gfrm bfsajaftud qur”fk mkm sfklft icrauiuklfk gcklfk frtm gfk mktcrprctfsmkyf. Hfrckf hctmhf scscjrfkl `c`ifnf FdVur”fk gcklfk `c`ckuam stfkgfr hfmgfa nfrf `c`ifnf Fd-Vur”fk, `fhf hfkguklfk frtm gfk mktcrprctfsmkyfpuk scfrfa gcklfk afsmd  ifnffk tcrsciut. Wcrsciut Wcrsc iut gm gfdf` Fd-Vur”fk ^urft Fkkmsf” ? 7> mfdfa dfrfklfk uktuh sajdft hctmhf mf scgfkl tmgfh bfaf` tcrafgfp fpf yfkl mf unfphfk hfrckf gfdf` hcfgfffk `fiuh.

... ‫ﺜﻑيﻫي ﻫﻕ‬

‫ﺜﻑﺫﺖيﻫ جﻚ ﱥ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺡ ﻑ ﻬﺑيﻩ يﺾﻔﺋض ﺮﺑﱥ ﺜﻄ يﻧﻫ ﻮ‬

‫ﯻﺋ ﱦﮠ جﱥﺤﯻﻢ ﻮﻡيﻫ‬

Frtmkyf ?\fafm ?\fafm jrfkl-jrfkl yfkl icrm`fk!, ofklfkdfa hf`u `ckgchftm sfdft, hctmhf hf`u gfdf` hcfgffk `fiuh,  sf`pfm hf`u sfgfr fpf yfkl hf`u unfphfk…>=  Fgfpuk scifi turuk fyft mkm fgfdfa sciflfm`fkf gmrmwfyfthfk Fiu Gfwug, Wmr`mgzm, gfk Afhm` gfrm Fdm ifawf Figurrfa`fk imk Fub `ckof`u `crchf. Gm fktfrf of`ufk mtu fgfdfa haf`r. @crchf `mku`, dfdu gftfkl wfhtu safdft gfk Fdm Y.F `cklm`f`m `crchf gcklfk `c`ifnf ^urft Fd-Hfbmruk. Gmf `c`ifnf gcklfk tcrifdmh ifdmh, `fhf turuk fyft mkm yfkl `cdfrfkl `c`mku` `ckocdfkl wfhtu safdft. ^ctcdfa mtu `crchf `mku` sctcdfa Msyf. Wcrgfpft rfsf hcprmaftmkfk ftfs rcfdmtf hfu` `usdm`mk yfkl tcroftua gfdf` hcsfdfafk `c`ifnf Fd-Vur”fk, tcrhausus dflm fgfdfa `crchf yfkl tcdfa Fddfa ^\W tuktuk uktuh `cklckfd  @fkafo  @fkafo   yfkl durus yfmtu  @fkafo Fadussukkfa \fdof`f”fa.  \fdof`f”fa.  Wcktukyf hmtf sfklft >=

  Hc`cktmfk Flf`f Flf`f Ym Gmrchtjrft Ockgrfd Im`imklfk @fsyf @fsyffhft fhft Msdf` Gmrchtjft Srusfk Flf`f Msdf` Gfk Uc`imkffk ^yfrmfa Wfauk 9569 9569 ,  , Fdqur”fk Gfk Wcroc`fakyf Wcroc`fakyf,, UW. ^mkcrlm pustfhf Mkgjkcsmf, Afd. 665.

 

>=

 icrsyuhur hcpfgf Fddfa ^\W ftfs icrsc`fklftkyf lckcrfsm `ugf hfu` `usdm`mk uktuh hc`ifdm hcpfgf Msdf` yfkl ickfr scsufm  pc`faf`fk pfrf ^fdfbud S``fa, kf`uk S``fa, kf`uk sciflfm mkgmvmgu yfkl hcdfh `ckgfhwfahfk   (`cklfofh) gfk `cktfrimyfa (`ckgmgmh) u``ft `ckgfhwfahfk tcrkyftf `fsma ifkyfh yfkl sfdfa gfdf` `c`ifnf Fd-Vur”fk. Afd mkm sfklft tcrdmaft hctmhf scsjrfkl `ckgcklfr dfktukfk fyft-fyft FdVur”fk yfkl `crchf ifnf tcrutf`f gfdf` safdft, `fsma tcrgfpft hcsfdfafk-hcsfdfafk yfkl tcrhfgfkl tmgfh gfpft gmtjdcrmr. Ufgfafd pcrmktfa uktuh `c`iflushfk ifnffk Fd-Vur”fk fgfdfa wfomi auhu`kyf sciflfm`fkf bmr`fk Fddfa ^\W? ……………

‫جﱥﺤﯻﻢ ﺜﯺﻡ ﺋﮠيﻩ ج ﻔﺑﺋء ﯻﺑيﻫﻬﮨ ﺮﻒ ﺜﻴ ﻑﺜﮨ‬

Frtmkyf ? …—Jrfkl-jrfkl yfkl tcdfa hf`m icrm Hmtfi, `crchf `c`ifnfkyf sciflfm`fkf `cstmkyf,….‐  `cstmkyf,….‐  (V^. Fd-Ifqfrfa ? 696)75  ^fdfa sftu udf` pcrkfa icrhftf tcktfkl —Afqqf Wmdffwftma‐  Wmdffwftma‐  —

yfmtu?

`c`ifnfkyf scnfrf tfrtmd gfk scsufm tfowmg sciflfm`fkf yfkl

gmturukhfk hcpfgf Kfim @uaf``fg ^F\‐.76 

.‫ﻕ ﺜﺫﺜﯺ وﻴ‬

‫ ﻑض ﱩﻛ ج ﻑيﺫ‬...

Frtmkyf ? —... Gfk ifnfdfa Fd-Vur”fk scnfrf tfrtmd ( V^. V^. Fd-@uzf``md ?7)79 

75

 Hc`cktmfk Flf`f YM Gmrchtjrft Ockgrfd Im`imklfk @fsyffhft Msdf` Gmrchtjft Srusfk Flf`f Msdf` Gfk Uc`imkffk ^yfrmfa Wfauk 9569 , Fdqur”fk Gfk Wcroc`fakyf Wcroc`fakyf,, UW. ^mkcrlm  pustfhf Mkgjkcsmf, afd. 9>.  76   Icrhftf ^yfmha @uaf``fg Wafdafa Imdfd @fkyfr,  @uqfggm`fa Fahf`u Vmrf”ftmd

Vur”fkmd Hfrm`, Hfrm`, tt. afd. 65 79  Hc`cktmfk Flf`f YM … Afd. 172. 

 

75

^fafift ‑Fdm imk Fim Wafdmi Yfgamyfddfau ‑Fkau `ckocdfshfk `fhkf tfrtmd gfdf` fyft mkm, yfmtu? `cktfowmghfk (`c`iflushfk  ifnffk) scsufm aurub-aurubkyf gfk `cklctfaum tc`pft-tc`pft wfqfb (icracktmkyf). \fdfupuk pcrhftffk mkm gmhj`cktfrm jdca ^yfmha @fa`ug Hafdmd Fd-Ausafrm Fd-Vfrm”, ifawf icdmfu icdu` `ckgfpftm sfkfg scnfrf pfstm.7> 

c.  @fhkf Gfk Uc`iflmfk Hcsfdfafk Ufrf

udf`f

tfowmg

scnfrf

u`u`

tcdfa

`cklmstmdfahfk

hcsfdfafk gcklfk mstmdfa —Fd-dfak‐ mstmdfa —Fd-dfak‐ yfkl tcrgmrm gfrm guf `fnf`, yfkl tuoufkkyf

flfr

gfpft

`ckofgmhfkkyf

sciflfm

uhurfk

uktuh

`cklljdjklhfk icktuh-icktuh hcsfdfafk yfkl tcrofgm pfgf ifnffk Fd-Vur”fk `fsmkl-`fsmkl. ^ciflfm`fkf yfkl gmsciuthfk jdca sciflmfk udf`f ifawf? 6)   Fd-dfakud ofdm, ofdm, fgfdfa hcsfdfafk pfgf ifnffk dfbfgz-dfbfgz FdVur”fk yfkl `ckyfdfam hfmgfa tfowmg, ifafsf Frfi haususkyf m”rfi (pcruifafk afrfhft fhamr), ifmh yfkl gfpft `ckluifa frtm ftfu tmgfh. @cdfhuhfk hcsfdfafk mkm gcklfk scklfof auhu`kyf afrf`. ^cpcrtm ‑fmk —

‫ؽ‬  ‐  gmifnf

af`zfa —‫‐ئ‬, ftfu `ckluifa

afrfhft) njktja?

 

٧

‫ء جﻳ ﻧﯺﻢ‬ ‫ء ج ﻄﺋ ﻧﯺﻢ ↕ ض ﱩ‬ ‫ضﱩ‬ ‫ﻬﻄﻧﺒ ↕ ﻬﺄﻧﺒ‬

9)   Fd-dfakud hafbm,  hafbm,  fgfdfa hcsfdfafk ifnffk dfbfgz-dfbfgz Fd-Vur”fk yfkl `ckyfdfam sciflmfk hfmgfa tfowmg kf`uk tmgfh `ckyfdfam hfmgfa ifafsf Frfi, oulf tmgfh `ckluifa afrfhft gfk tmgfh pudf `ckluifa frtm, scpcrtm hcsfdfafk pfgf ifnffk Mgzafr, ifnffk  Mgzafr, Mhabf”, Mqdfi, Mqdfi, 7> @fa`ug 77

Hafdmd fd-Ausafrm fd-Vfrm”, Fahf`u fd-Vfrm”, Fahf`u Vmrf”ftmd Vur”fkmd Hfrm`,tt. Hfrm`,tt. Afd. 91   Nftftfk? hftf yfkl gmlfrms ifwfam fgfdfa icktuh hcsfdfafk gfrm ifnffk i fnffk yfkl ickfr.

 

76

gfk  Mglaf`.  Mglaf`.   @cdfhuhfk hcsfdfafk mkm gcklfk scklfof auhu`kyf `fhrua.73  b.  Icktuh-Icktuh Hcsfdfafk ^cnfrf u`u` icktuh-icktuh hcsfdfafk gfpft gmhdfsmbmhfsmhfk gfdf` c`pft icktuh, yfkl gfdf` prjpjsfd tcsms mkm `cknjif uktuh `crmknmhfkkyf gfk `ckljdjklhfk gfdf` guf hfmgfa hcsfdfafk gm ftfs, 6)  Hcsfdfafk pfgf `fhafrmoud aurub. @cdfhuhfk hcsfdfafk gfdf` `cdfbfdhfk aurub-aurub amofmyfa, scpcrtm ‑fmk  —‫ ‐ؽ‬gmifnf af`zfa —‫ ‐ئ‬ftfu scifdmhkyf, gc`mhmfk oulf aurub-aurub yfkl dfmk. Hcsfdfafk pfgf `fhafrmoud aurub mkm tcrljdjkl gfdf` fd-dfakud ofdm yfkl afrf` auhu`kyf imdf gmscklfof gfk tcrus-`ckcrus gfdf` hcsfdfafk yfkl sf`f. @fhf pcraftmhfkdfa wfafm pfrf mhawfa `fupuk fhawft gfk haususkyf pfrf m`f`-m`f` `fsomg! ^ciflfm njktja?

‫ء جﻳ ﻧﯺﻢ‬ ‫ء ج ﻄﺋ ﻧﯺﻢ ↕ ض ﱩ‬ ‫ض ﱩ‬  Nftftfk? icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa fgfkyf pcruifafk ifnffk  pfgf aurub —‫‐ؽ‬  `ckofgm aurub —‫‐ئ‬. Wcr`fsuh gm smkm fgfdfa aurub  icrtfsygmg, njktja —rfiim‐ —rfiim‐ gmifnf  gmifnf —rfim‐ —rfim‐.. 9)  Hcsfdfafk pfgf auhu` ifnffk  Kfgf gcklukl ( laukkfa)  laukkfa) yfkl tcrgmrm gfrm  Mgzafr ( Afdqm   Afdqm  `fupuk ^yfbfwm ^yfbfwm), ),  Mglaf`, Mhabf”   ( Afqmqm   Afqmqm  `fupuk ^yfbfwm ^yfbfwm), ), gfk  Mqdfi. 73 ^yfmha

>7->3

Icktuh

hcsfdfafkkyf

fgfdfa

tmgfh

hjksmstck

gfdf`

@fa`ug Hafdmd Fd-Ausafrm Fd-Vfrm”, Fahf`u Fd-Vfrm”,  Fahf`u Vmrf”ftmd Vur”fkmd Hfrm`, tt. Hfrm`,  tt. afd.

 

79

`ckgckluklhfk ftfu yfkl mgzafr   gmifnf gcklukl. Njktjakyf fgfdfa sciflfm icrmhut? Ucrtf`f.  Mgzafr Afdqm.  Afdqm.  (‫ةﻮﻢ‬  ‫)ﻮﻢ‬  kuk `ftm icrtc`u af`zfa, scgfklhfk  Mgzafr ^yfbfwm. ^yfbfwm. (‫` )جﻚﺧﻧﺯ‬m` `ftm icrtc`u gfd. Icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf

hfrckf

gmgckluklhfk

ftfu

gmtfafk

hctmhf

`c`ifnfkyf. Hcguf. Mglaf` Hcguf.  Mglaf` scnfrf  scnfrf u`u` scdfmk  Imdflaukkfa  Imdflaukkfa,, (‫ﯻﻄﻧﻛ‬  ‫)ﻮﻢ‬  kuk `ftm icrtc`u yf. Icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa hurfkl gmtfafk ftfu tcriuru hctmhf `c`ifnfkyf. Hctmlf.  Mhabf” afqmqm.  afqmqm.  (‫ﺥ)ﺥﻬﺑﻩ‬  kuk `ftm icrtc`u tf, fgfpuk mhabf” syfbfwm. (‫ﺧﺥﺋضﺡ‬ ‫ﺜﺫﻮﯺﮠﻩ ﺖ‬  )  `m` `ftm hctc`u if”. Icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa hurfkl gmtfafk ftfu tcriuru hctmhf `c`ifnfkyf `c`ifnfk yf ftfu `ckluifa ifnffk kuk `ftm gcklfk ifnffk —kl‐ gfk `m` `ftm gmifnf mgzafr. mgzafr. Hcc`pft,  Hcc`pft, Mqdfi  Mqdfi,, (‫ﺖﻄﺯ‬ ‫ )ﻮﻢ‬kuk `ftm icrtc`u if”. Icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa hurfkl gmtfafk ftfu tcriuru hctmhf `c`ifnfkyf ftfu `ckllfktmhfk ifnffk kuk `ftm dfklsukl gcklfk if”. Hcsfdfafk mkm wfdfupuk tcrljdjkl gfdf` fd-dfakud hafbm kf`uk gfpft `cklamdfklhfk rua gfrm tmdfwftud qur”fk (ifnffk FdVur”fk), gfk auhu`kyf `fhrua imdf gmdfhuhfkkyf gcklfk scklfof gfk tcrus `ckcrus gfdf` hcsfdfafk yfkl sf`f. Gfk tcr`fsuh hcsfdfafk gm smkm yfkl tcrofgm pfgf   —‫ ‐ جﻩ‬syf`smyfa pfgf kuk `ftm, njktja? ( ‫)جﻚﻡﺋ‬,  ftfu kuk tfsygmg gfk `m` tfsygmg, njktja ? ( -(‫أﻕ‬

 

7>

). Icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa hurfkl gmtfafkkyf sufrf pfgf sfft ‫)ﺥ)ﻙ‬. `c`ifnf —‫‐ جﻩ‬ syf`smyfa pfgf kuk `ftm ftfu kuk tfsygmg gfk `m` tfsygmg. >)  Hcsfdfafk Ufgf Aurubu Ufgf  Aurubu Fd-^fhmkfa (aurub-aurub Fd-^fhmkfa (aurub-aurub suhuk) Ftfu Wmgfh Icrafrfhft F-M-S Gfk Vfdqfdfa. Vfdqfdfa.   Icktuh hcsfdfafk yfkl sftu mkm ijdca gmimdfkl nuhup bftfd gfk tcrljdjkl gfdf`  Fd-dfak Fd-Ofdm yfkl afrf` auhu`kyf imdf gmscklfof gfk tcrus-`ckcrus gfdf` hcsfdfafk yfkl sf`f. Fgfpuk Njktjakyf fgfdfa sciflfm icrmhut? Ucrtf`f, hcsfdfafk `cdfbfdhfk aurubus sfhmkfa (aurub-aurub — fk”f`tf‐   suhuk) (‫)ﺥﻬﻄﻧﺒ‬.  Icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa ifnffk —fk”f`tf‐ gmifnf —fkf”f`tf‐. —fkf”f`tf‐. Gfk  Gfk `fsma ifkyfh dflm njktja yfkl dfmk. Hcguf, qfdqfdfa scnfrf u`u` yfkl tcrgmrm gfrm (‫ى‬  ‫ؼ‬  ‫ﺕ‬  ‫ؤ‬  ‫)ء‬ gfk symggftud qfdqfdfa (tcrgfpft tfsygmg pfgf aurub qfdqfdfa), njktja Vfdqfdfa? (‫ﺥﺮﺯ‬  ‫ﷹ‬  Vfdqfdfa?

‫ ﮠﻫ‬  ‫)ﻜﻛ‬,  Gfd

fgfdfa aurub Vfdqfdfa. Icktuh

hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa tmgfh gmpfktudhfk pfgf sfft gmifnf suhuk (tmgfh  icrafrfhft f-m-u) `fupuk wfqfb  (icracktm)   (icracktm) tcpft pfgf aurub qfdqfdfa tcrsciut scpcrtm aurub gfd gm ftfs. Fgfpuk njktja ^ymggftu Fd-Vfdqfdfa (tcrgfpft Fd-Vfdqfdfa (tcrgfpft tfsygmg pfgf aurub qfdqfdfa) fgfdfa? (‫ ﻑﺜﺕ‬ ‫ﻚﮠﺕ‬ ‫ﺥﺖﻹ‬ ‫ ﯻﺯ‬ ‫)ﺜﺙﺒ‬ pfgf hftf —\ftfiif‐ —\ftfiif‐   tcrgfpft tfsygmg yfkl scafruskyf gmtfafk scsfft scicdu` gm  pfktudhfk Vfdqfdfakyf, fgfpuk icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa gmifnf

 

77

scpcrtm Vfdqfdfa imfsf ifahfk dcima pfrfa dflm fgfdfa tmgfh fgfkyf Vfdqfdfa ftfu gmifnf pfktud scpcrtm ifnffk —\ftfii‐. Vfdqfdfa ftfu 7)  Hcsfdfafk pfgf ifnffk @fg  ifnffk @fg  (ifnffk  (ifnffk pfkofkl). Icktuh hcsfdfafk mkm tcrljdjkl gfdf` guf dfak schfdmlus  icrgfsfrhfk pc`iflmfk  @fg  (ifnffk   (ifnffk pfkofkl), ifnffk @fg  ifnffk  @fg  (ifnffk   (ifnffk  pfkofkl) tcriflm `ckofgm guf. Ucrtf`f  @fg Fsadm  Fsadm  ftfu tafim”m (ifnffk pfkofkl yfkl fsdm), njktja? (‫جﻚﺫﺮﯺﻩ‬  ‫جﻚﺫﺮﻧﻢ‬  ‫ﷹ‬  ‫)ﺖﺷﻩ‬  dfbfgz —Fddffa‐,   —Fd-Yfa`ffk —Fddffa‐, —Fd-Yfa`ffk‐, ‐, gfk —Fd-Yfamm` —Fd-Yfamm`‐‐ nuhup gmifnf guf afrfhft. Icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa hurfkl gfrm guf afrfhft ftfu dcima gfrm guf afrfhft, flfr tcramkgfr gfrm hcsfdfafk mkm `fhf nfrfkyf gcklfk gmfyuk sufrf hctmhf `c`ifnf @fg `c`ifnf  @fg Fsadm. Fsadm . Hcsfdfafk mkm tcrljdjkl Fd-Dfaku tcrljdjkl  Fd-Dfaku Fd-Ofdm yfkl Fd-Ofdm  yfkl afrf` auhu`kyf imdf gmscklfof gfk tcrus-`ckcrus. Fgfpuk @fg Fgfpuk  @fg Bfr”m (ifnffk Bfr”m (ifnffk pfkofkl yfkl nfifkl) scdfmk `fg (ifnffk pfkofkl) icrmhut mkm yfmtu? `fg dfzm` scnfrf u`u` (dmaft  iuhu tfowmg) yfkl auhu` ifnffkkyf fgfdfa ckf` afrfhft, `fg samdf qfsamrfa yfkl gmifnf guf afrfhft `fupuk tafwmdfa c`pft afrfhft, `fg ifgfd yfkl gmifnf guf afrfhft hfrckf hctmlf ockms `fg (ifnffk  pfkofkl) mkm sfklft gmfkourhfk jdca pfrf udf`f uktuh gmpftuam auhu` ifnffkkyf. Fgfpuk  @fg ‑Frmga Dm Fs-^uhuk  Fs-^uhuk  yfkl ijdca gmifnf guf, c`pft, ifahfk ckf`. @fg wfomi yfkl gmifnf c`pft ijdca guf afrfhft ,  , @fg Ofmz yfkl ijdca gmifnf guf, c`pft ftfu ckf` afrfhft,

 

73

 @fg Dfyymk  Dfyymk  (dmk) yfkl ijdca gmifnf guf, c`pft ftfu ckf` afrfhft,  @fg ‑Mwfga yfkl ‑Mwfga  yfkl scafruskyf gmifnf guf afrfhft, gfk yfkl dfmkkyf. Gfdf` afd mkm, icktuh hcsfdfafkkyf fgfdfa tmgfh hjksmstck gfdf` `c`ifnf `fsmkl-`fsmkl `fg bfr”m (ifnffk pfkofkl yfkl nfifkl), scamkllf hcsfdfafk mkm tcrljdjkl fd-dfakud hafbm schfdmpuk gc`mhmfk gfpft `cklamdfklhfk rua gfrm tmdfwftud qur”fk (ifnfk Fd-Vur”fk), gfk auhu`kyf `fhrua imdf gmdfhuhfkkyf gcklfk scklfof gfk tcru `ckcrus.72 

N.  Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck 6.  Ucklcrtmfk Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck

Ujkgjh pcsfktrck schfrfkl mkm tf`pfhkyf pcrdu gmifnf sciflfm wfrmsfk schfdmlus hchfyffk hciugfyffk-mktdchtufd Kusfktfrf. Dcima gfrm mtu, gfdf` scou`dfa fspch tcrtcktu pcsfktrck oulf afrus gmpfaf`m sciflfm  icktckl pcrtfafkfk mtu sckgmrm hfrckf pcrfk scofrfa yfkl gm`fmkhfkkyf. Ucrkyftffk mkm `ckukouhhfk `fhkf pcktmklkyf nmrrm-nmrm pjkgjh  pcsfktrck sciflfm sciufa dmklhuklfk pckgmgmhfk yfkl mktclrfd. ^ystc`  pckgmgmhfk pjkgjh pcsfktrck scictudkyf sf`f gcklfk systc` yfkl gmpcrlukfhfk Fhfg`m @mdmtcr. ]fhkm gmnmrmhfk gcklfk fgfkyf sciufa

72attp?//icdfofrmsdf`.nj`/9566/56/icktuh-icktuh-hcsfdfafk-hctmhf-`c`ifnf-fd-

qurfk/#stafsa.FncI5SBS.gpub . Gm fhscs pfgf 61/=/9562. Uuhud ? 3.72

 

72

 ifklukfk icrfkgf yfkl gmsmtu scscjrfkl gfpft `cklf`imd pcklfdf`fk scnfrf mktclrfd.7 71  Gcpfrtc`ck Flf`f YM Gmrchtjrft Ockgcrfd Hcdc`iflffk Flf`f Msdf` Ofhfrtf,  Ujdf  Uc`icdfofrfk Gmpcsfktrck , Ofhfrtf? , Ofhfrtf? , 955> afd. >,

 

7<

gcklfk pfgcpjhfk ftfu —hj`ijklfk‐ sciufa ru`fa yfkl tcrgmrm gfrm  icicrfpf hf`fr. @fsmkl-`fsmkl hf`fr, imfsfkyf gm aukm schmtfr ¶ >5 jrfkl. Gfk sf`pfm sfft mkm, gm pjkgjh-pjkgjh tcrtcktu `fsma imfs gmdmaft  pjkgjh pcsfktck gcklfk stuhtur ifklukfk ifklukfk scpcrtm mkm.7=  Gfrm pfpfrfk gm ftfs `fhf gfpft gmf`imd hcsm`pudfk ifawf yfkl gmsciut gcklfk pjkgjh pcsfktrck fgfdfa suftu dc`iflf pckgmgmhfk Msdf` gfk pcklfofrfk msdf` gm`fkf gmgfdf`kyf sfdmkl icrhcsmkf`iuklfk fktfrf Hyfm ftfu ustfgz sciflfm luru gfk pfrf sfktrm sciflfm `urmg gcklfk `cklf`imd tc`pft gm `fsomg ftfu gm afdf`fk-afdf`fk fsrf`f (pjkgjh) uktuh `cklfom gfk `c`ifafs iuhu-iuhu tchs hcflf`ffk hfryf udf`f `fsf dfdu yfkl gmsciut hmtfi hukmkl (hmtfi hdfsmh). hdfsmh).  

9.  Ucrhc`ifklfk Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck Ucsfktrck gm Wfkfa Fmr

Msdf` `udfm `c`fsuhm frckf hcamgupfk jrfkl Ofwf pfgf `fsf  pcrtuiuafk gfk pcrdufsfk Hcrfoffk Amkgu @fofpfam. Ucrhc`ifklfk yfkl pfrfdcd fktfrf hcguf hchuftfk yfkl icrdfwfkfk mkm sciflmfk gfpft gmcrfklhfk jdca pfrtmsmpfsm jrfkl ofwf gfdf` hclmftfk pcgflfklfk gm dfutfk mkgmf yfkl gmgj`mkmr jdca jrfkl-jrfkl Msdf`. Gcklfk hftf dfmk sc`fhmk huft @fofpfamt `fhf sc`fhmk mktcksmb hjktfh fktfrf jrfkl-jrfkl ofwf gfk jrfkl-jrfkl Msdf` Mkgmf. 35  Gfk scdfkoutkyf scmrmkl icrhc`ifklkyf zf`fk `fhf icrhc`ifklkyf pjkgjh  pcsftrck fgfdfa fgfdf a icrauiuklfk gcklfk hcicrfgffk h cicrfgffk wwfdm sjklj. Ucklfrua gfhwfa wfdmsjklj gm pudfu ofwf `c`mdmhm pcrfk pcktmkl gfdf` 7=

  F`mk Afcgfrm,  Ufkjrf`f Ucsfktrck Gfdf` Nfhrfwfdf @jgcrk, @jgcrk, Gmvf Uustfhf, Ofhfrtf, 9557, Afd. < 35  _f`fhasyfrm Gajbmcr, Wrfgmsm Ucsfktrck ^tugm Wcktfkl Ufkgfklfk Amgup Hmfm, Hmfm, DU>C^, Ofhfrtf, 6==7, Afd. 1

 

71

 pcrhc`ifklfk fwfd pckgmgmhfk msdf gm Mkgjkcsmf. @fsf mtu icrhmsfr fktfrf fifg 63-62 `fsam. Fgfdfa bmlurc @fudfkf @fdmh Mirfam` yfkl gmyfhmkm sciflfm  pckgfhwfa

yfkl `ckycdckllfrfhfk dc`iflf pckgmgmhfk gcklfk

`cdmifthfk `urmg-`urmgkyf uktuhpcklc`ifklfk pcrsfwfafk. Wjhja mkm  pudf yfkl `cklmdaf`m jdca pcsfktrck kfagdjtud wftajk yfkl gmgmrmhfk tfauk 6=>7 gm Ufknjr, Dj`ijh, KWI, gfk hmkm `c`mdmhm hurfkl dcima scpudua rmiu sfktrm.36  Gfdf` pcrhc`ifklfkkyf uktuh dcima `c`pcrgfdf` md`u flf`f tcdfa `ckgjrjkl tu`iuakyf pcsfktrck yfkl `crupfhfk tc`pft uktuh `cdfkouthfk icdfofr flf`f sccdfa tf`ft icdfofr gm surfu, dfkllfr ftfu `fsomg. @jgcd pckgmgmhfk pcsfktrck mkm icrhc`ifkl gm scdurua Mkgjkcsmf gcklfk kf`f gfk njrfh yfkl sfklft icrvfrmfsm. Gm ofwf ifrft gm sciut  pjkgjh pcsfktrck, gm fnca gmhckfd rfklhfkl, gm su`ftcrf ifrft gmhckfd surfu, kf`f schfrfkl yfkl gmhckfd u`u` fgfdfa pjkgjh pcsfktrck.39 

>.  Wuoufk Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck

Fgfpuk tuoufk gmgmrmhfkkyf pcsfktrck `ckurut yfkl gmsciuthfk \mhm Ucgmf- fgfdfa uktuh `c`pcrgfdf` pcklctfaufk tcktfkl Fd-Vur”fk gfk ^ukkfa Yfsud, gcklfk `c`pcdfofrm ifafsf Frfi gfk hfmgfa-hfmgfa tftf ifafsf ifafsf Frfi. Afd tcrsciut `c`fkl ickfr fgfkyf, kf`uk

36

  @fs Gcwf , Hmfm Oulf @fkusmf @cklurfm Udus @mkus Ucsfktrck (Hmfm, Lus, Kckl,  Ucklurus Gfk ^fktrm, Uustfhf Cd-Vugsm, Wfkoukl ^frm Hrcocklfk Urjijdmkllj Oftm`, 955=, afd. 6< 39 Gcpfrtc`ck Flf`f YM Gmrchtjrft Ockgcrfd Hcdc`iflffk Flf`f Msdf`, Urjbmd Msdf`,  Urjbmd Ujkgjh U jkgjh  Ucsfktrck @u”fgfdfa, Ofhfrtf? @u”fgfdfa, Ofhfrtf? , 9557 afd. 6

 

7=

gmsf`pmkl mtu, tuoufk gmgmrmhfkkyf pcsfktrck fgfdfa sciflfm pusft gfhwfa Msdf`myfa gfdf` rfklhf `ckycifrdufshfk fofrfk flf`f Msdf` 3>

gfk `ckmklhfthfk m`fk gfk hctfhwffk hfu` `usdm`.   Wcrgfpft trm gafr`f pjkgjh pfsfktrck yfmtu pckmklhftfk hcm`f`fkfk gfk hctfhwffk tcrafgfp Fddfa ^\W, pcklc`ifklfk hcmd`ufk yfkl icr`fkbfft gfk  pcklfpgmfk tcrafgfp flf`f, `fsyfrfhft gfk kclfrf. Ujkgjh pfsfktrck `ckllukfhfk `fkafo gfdf` icktuh hmtfi-hmtfi yfkl afrus gmpcdfofrm gcklfk tuktfs tf`ftkyf sftufk pckgmgmhfk tmgfh gmdmaft gfrm wfhtu tctfpm tuktfskyf sfktrm gfdf` `cklhfom hmtfi tcrsciut scamkllf `cklafsmdhfk 7 hj`pctcksm dudusfk pjkgjh pfsfktrck yfmtu8 `c`faf`m, `cklafyftm, `cklf`fdhfk gfk `cklfofrhfk msm hmtfi tcrtcktu yfkl tcdfa gm tctfphfk hj`pctcksm tcrsciut tcrncr`mkhfk pfgf pcklufsffk hmtfi-hmtfi scnfrf lrfguftmb. Omhf pfgf pcsfktrck sfdfbmfa gurfsm wfhtu  pc`icdfofrfkkyf tmgfh `ckllukfhfk sftufk wfhtu tctfpm icrgfsfrhfk wfhtu tf`ftkyf hmtfi yfkl gmpcdfofrm

7.  @ctjgc pc`icdfofrfk Fdqur”fk gm Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck.

Dfyfhkyf prjscs icdfofr `cklfofr yfkl `ckllukfhfk `ctjgc  pc`icdfofrfk flfr tcrnfpfmkyf tuoufk pckgmgmhfk `fhf pfgf pjkgjh  pfsfktrck

oulf

`ckllukfhfk

`ctjgc-`ctjgc

sfft

pc`icdfofrfk

 icrdfklsukl fgfpuk `ctjgc-`ctjgc yfkl gmfgjism jdca pjkgjh pfsfktrck  ifmh yfkl fsdm gfrm pc`icdfofrfk pjkgjh pfsfktrck `fupuk gfrm

3> 

 pcsfktrck/

attp?//tfm`uddfa.wjrgprcss.nj`/9565/59/6>/scofrfa-pcrfk-gfk-pcrhc`ifklfk-

 

35

 pc`icdfofrfk

`jgrck

yfkl

`cdmputm

`ctjgc

sjrjklfk,

wctjkfk,

`usyfwfrfa, pcklfomfk pfsfrfk, gc`jktrfsm. Urjscs pckmdfmfk pfgf pjkgjh pfsfktrck mfdfa sctcdfa sfktrm `ckycdcsfmhfk pckgmgmhfkkyf icicrfpf tfauk gm `ckchukm md`u gfk tcdfa tf`pfh `f`pu `cklufsfm md`u tcrsciut `fhf gmafgfphfk pfgf smgfkl yfkl gm afgmrm jdca pfrf hmyfm gfk sfktrm sckmjr gfk gm tfkyfm tcktfkl md`u yfkl sugfa gm pcdfofrm gcklfk tchkmh gmshusm ftfu hfomfk dmsfk scpcrtm md`u bfdfh, ifafsf gdd. Fpfimdf tcrgfpft hcnfhfpfk pfgf gmrm sfktrm `fhf gm  icrmhfk pcklafrlffk gcklfk `c`icrmhfk afh `cklfofrhfk md`umd`ukkyf, icrbftwf gdd.37 

3.  Ockms-ockms Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck

Gukmf pcsfktrck gfdf` lf`ifrfk tjtfd `c`pcrdmafthfk gmrmkyf sciflfm sciufa pfrf`ctcr, suftu bfntjr yfkl scnfrf tcifd `cwfrkfm hcamgupfk hcdj`pjh `fsyfrfhft dufs, tctfpm gmrmkyf sckgmrm tmgfh hukoukl  icruifa gfk iflfmhfk tfh tcrscktua gmkf`mhf pcrhc`ifklfk `fsyfrfhft schcdmdmklkyf. ^ctmgfhkyf omhf jfkl `c`ifyfklhfk pcruifafk pfgf gmrmkyf, `fhf pcuifafk mtu afkyf gfpft gmbfaf`m gfdf` shfdf pfkofkl. Hfrckf mtudfa, hctmhf hcictudfk pc`crmktfa gdf` afd mkm fgfdfa gcpfrtc`ck flf`f ftfu`cktrm flf`f `c`imnfrfhfk ifahfk `ckofgmhfk  pcsfktrck sciflfm —sfsfrfk pc`ifklukfk‐, `fhf gukmf pcsfktrckpu

37 

Fmkurfbmq Gfwfk & Fa`fg Wf”frmb,  @fkfoc`ck @fgrfsfa Icrifsms Ufsfktrck, Ufsfktrck, ]jlyfhfrtf? Dmstf Brmshf Uutrf, 9557 afd. 65>

 

36

`ckcrm`fkyf gcklfk tcrhcout gfk hc`ugmfk —nurmlf‐. 33  Hcnurmlffk mtu gmdfkgfsm fdfsfk scofrfa yfkl `fkf pfgf fwfdkyf icdu` pcrkfa fgf  pcraftmfk gfk ifahfk fgfkyf afkyf pcrsctrufk fkftfrf pckgmgmhfk yfkl  icrlfyf crjpf tmgfh pcrkfa icrtc`u tmtmh ickfkl `crfa yfkl gfpft `ckluktuklhfk hcgufkyf. Kf`uk schfrfkl gcklfk tmif-tmif pcraftmfk  pc`crmktfa `fdfa scifdmhkyf `ckguhukl gfk `c`icrmhfk hcsc`pftfk uktuh `cklfgfhfk pckftffk yfkl sfklft dcdufsf tcrafgfp pckgmgmhfk yfkl  icrifsms prmiu`m. Afd mkm yfkl gm hafwftmrhfk fgfdfa sfdfa sftu strftclm  pjdmtmh gfrm njdjkmfd icdfkgf pfgf sfft mtu.  Kf`uk afd mtu tcrofwfi sctcdfa fgfkyf pcrhc`ifklfk `fnf``fnf` pjkgjh pcsfktrck yfkl icrhc`ifkl gm kusfktfrf fgfdfa ickfr ickfr suftu fdfklhfa yfkl gmkmdfm sfklft omtu gfdf` `ckf`ifa tc`pft `ckm`if pcklctfaufk hcflf`ffk iflm `fsyfrfhft dufs u`u`kyf. Fgfpuk afd mtu sc`uf tcriuhtm pfgf tcrwuougkyf icicrfpf ockms ockms pcsfktrck yfkl icrhc`ifkl gfrm gfaudu amkllf schfrfkl. Ockms  pjkgjh pcsfktrck sfft mkm gm `jgmbmhfsm scsufm hciutuafk hafzfkfa  pcklctfaufk gfrm `fsyftrfhft haususkyf sfktrm yfkl mklmk `c`pcrhfyf  pcklctfaufk scsufm gcklfk pjtcksm yfkl gm`mdmhm jdca sfktrm tcrsciut. Hfrckf sc`fhmk `foukyf pcrfgfifk `fkusmf gfk zf`fk yfkl `fhmk `ckgjrjkl pfgf nfrf icrbmhmr `fkusmf uktuh `fou gfdf` sclfdf fspch hmamgupfk gfk sfgfr ifawf `fkusmf `c`pukyfm kmdfm hurfkl gfk dcimakyf. @fhf pcsfktrck puk oulf `c`icrmhfk ofwfifk fhfk afd mtu

33 @.

afd 6

gfwf` Yfafrgoj, Ucsfktrck Yfafrgoj, Ucsfktrck gfk Uc`ifafrufk, Uc`ifafrufk, UW. Uustfhf DU>^ Mkgjkcsmf, 6==3,

 

39

scrtf`c`icrmhfk tc`pft uktuh smfpf sfof yfkl ackgfh icrhjkscktrfsm gfdf` md`u pcklctfaufk. Ockms pcsfktrck gfk hjkscktrfsm hcmd`ufkkyf yfmtu? f)  Ucsfktrck ^fdfbmfa ^fdfbmfa,, sfdfb frtmkyf df`f ftfu trfgmsmjkfd yfmtu pcsfktrck yfkl tctfp `c`pcrtfafkhfk pcdfofrfkkyf gcklfk hmtfi-hmtfi hdfsmh yfkl icrifafsf frfi tfkpf gmicrmhfk pcklctfaufk u`u`. ^fdfk sftu njktja gfrm pjkgjh pcsfktck mkm fgfdfa Ujkgjh Ucsfkrck Wrfimyftud Sdf Uukmc Fnca Icsfr yfkl gmpm`pmk jdca A. ^jbwfk Fa`fg. Ujkgjh  pfktrck mkm `c`mdmhm nmrm hafs hdfsmh

yfmtu `c`pcrtfafkhfk

 pckgmgmhfk trfgmsmjkfd `urkm.32   i)  Ucsfktrck  Hafdfbmfa  Hafdfbmfa,, hafdfb frtmkyf hc`ugmfk ftfu icdfhfkl yfmtu  pcsfktrck yfkl `ckcrfphfk smstc` pcklfofrfk hdfsmhfd, `c`icrmhfk md`u u`u` gfk md`u flf`f, scrtf oulf `c`icrmhfk pckgmgmhfk hctcrf`pmdfk. Ucsfktrck hafdfbmyfa fgfdfa pcsfktrck yfkl `cklfgjpsm systc` @fgrfsfa ftfu ^chjdfa gcklfk hurmhudu` yfkl gmscsufmhfk gcklfk hurmhudu` Uc`crmktfa, ifmh gcklfk Gcpfrtc`ck Flf`f `fupuk Gcpfrtc`ck Uckgmgmhfk Kfsmjkfd. Ucsfktrck hafdfbmyfa scrmkl oulf gmsciut Ucsfktrck @jgcrk.3, afd. 76 25 Urjbmd Ujkgjh pcsfktrck Wrm Iafhtm Fttfqwf 26  attp?//tsfd`fks.idjlspjt.nj`/9565/53/pcklcrtmfk-pjkgjh-pcsfktrck.at`d 3=

pjdf

 

37

6)  Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck Fkkur yfkl icrfdf`fkhfk gm Klruhc` Uckgjwjafroj ^cwjk Ifktud ]jlyfhfrtf. Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck mkm gmgmrmhfk jdca HA. Kfwfwm Figud ‑Fzmz gfk ^pcsmbmhfsmkyf fgfdfa Ujkgjh Ucsfkrck Wfabmgzud Vur”fk. 29  9)  Ujkgjh pcsfktrck DC@HF (Dc`iflf Hfdmlrfbm Fdqur”fk) yfkl gm gmrmhfk Jdca HA. Gmgmk ^mrjouggmk FY yfkl icrfdf`fthfk gm Od. Uf`uhf Hfrf`ft Lukukl Uuyua ^uhfiu`m Ofwf Ifrft. Nmrrm hafsgfrm pjkgjh pcsfktrck mkm fgfdfa Hfdmlrfbm Fdqur”fk yfkl afd mkm fgfdfa pcktmkl gm pcraftmhfk uktuh hc`foufk, hciutuafk gfk  pcdcstfrmfk pfgf cstctmhf msdf`. 2>  >)  Ujkgjh pcsftrck Fd-Mtqjk yfkl gm gmrmhfk Jdca HA. ^ajgfqja Afsfk tfauk 6=3> yfkl icrfdf`fthfk gm Od. HA. Figud Yjsymg  Kj.6 tdjljsfrm wctfk pcguruklfk sc`frfkl ofwf tcklfa

Nmrm

hafs gfrm pjkgjh pcsfktrck mkm fgfdfa Wfbsmr Fdqur”fk gfk afgmst.27  7)  Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck Yjugdjtud Vur”fk yfkl gmgmrmhfk jdca Grs. HA. Fdm Hj`fruggmk, ^V, Fd-Afbmgz pfgf tfkllfd 9< Oudm 9556. Nmrm hafs gfrm pjkgjh pcsfktrck mkm fgfdfa Sdu` Fd-Vur”fk gfk tfabmz Fdqur”fk.23 

29

 Gmrchtjrft Uckgmgmhfk Gmkmyfa … afd 65=   Uckudms sckgmrm fgfdfa sfdfa sftu fdu`kus pjkgjh pcsfktrck DC@HF tfauk 955=. 27  Gmrchtjrft Uckgmgmhfk Gmkmyfa … afd

 

33

^c`uf ockms pjkgjh pcsfktrck mkm gmgmrmhfk gcklfk tuoufk `ckofgmhfk `fkusmf icrhcamgupfk scofacrf tfkpf `cklurfklm rfsf  pcklaf`iffk hcpfgf Fddfa ^\W. 2.  Hjktrmiusm Gfk Ucrfkfk Ujkgjh Ucsfktrck

Fgfpuk hjktrmiusm gfk Ucrfkfk pjkgjh pcsfktrck gfdf`  pcdfhsfkffk pcklc`ifklfk `fsyfrfhft, pjkgjh pfsfktrck tmgfh afkyf sciflfm dc`iflf pckgmgmhfk gfk hcflf`ffk tctfpm oulf sciflfm dc`iflf  pc`icrgfyffk u`ft `crupfhfk pctukouh yfkl f`ft icrfrtm ifawf  pjkgjh pfsfktrck sciflfm sfrfkf iflm pcklc`ifklfk pjtcksm gfk  pc`icrgfyffk u`ft, pjkgjh pfsfktrck gmifkluk ftfs gfsfr hcpcrnfyffk `fsyfrfhft ifawf gmsmkm tc`pft yfkl tcpft uktuh `ckc`pf fadfh gfk  iugm pchcrtm yfkl ifmh scamkllf pfgf `fsyfrfhft tcrtcktu tcrgfpft hcnckgruklfk `c`icrmhfk hcpcrnfyffk pckgmgmhfk afkyf hcpfgf  pjkgjh pfsfktrck, gmsmkm oulf pjkgjh pfsfktrck pfgf pc`icdfofrfkkyf `cdfhuhfk `flfkl gm icicrfpf tc`pft sciflfm bfsmdmtftjr ofgm pcrfkfk su`icr gfyf `fkusmf, scrtf pjkgjh pfsfkrck

sciflfm flckt jb

gcvcdjp`ckt . Ujkgjh pfsfktrck wfdfupuk gmpm`pmk jdca scjrfkl hyfm scnfrf jtjhrftmb fhfk tcfpm wftfh mkhdusmbkyf iclmtu `ckgfdf` scamkllf  pfsfktrck `ckofgm fhudturfsm hciugfyffk fktfr gfcrfa gf crfa icrhckffk gcklfk mkm hcpc`m`pmkfk pjkgjh pcsfktrck `c`mdmhm wftfh pc`crsftu. \ftfh hc`fkgmrmfk yfkl scdfdu gmtfkf`hfk gfdf` gukmf pfsfktrck `ckofgmhfk fdu`kmkyf smfp uktuh amgup `fkgmrm.22  Omhf `cdmaft pjtcksm yfkl gmafsmdhfk jdca dudusfk pjkgjh  pcsfktrck imsf gm hftfhfk nuhup iflus gcklfk auiuklfk sjsmfd kf`uk 22

 Fmkurfbmq Gfwfk & Fa`fg Wf”frmb, @fkfoc`c @fkfoc`ck k .., afd.