SITE PREPARATION AND EARTHWORKS(KOC-C-005).pdf

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KUWAIT .OIL COMPANY (K.S.C.)

KOC STANDARD FOR MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP SITE PREPARATION AND EARTHWORKS DOC. NO. KOC-C-005 I FORMERL Y 0 1 H H -1002 & KOC-DES-C-001)

ISSUING AUTHORITY:

STANDARDS DIVISION

DOC. NO. KOC-C-005

KOC STANDARD FOR MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP SITE PREPARATION AND EARTHWORKS DOC. NO. : KOC-C-005 ( FORMERLY

015-SH-1002 & KOC-DES-C-001)

DOC. NO. KOC-0005

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TABLE OF CONTENTS -.

PAGE NO.

SCOPE

4

GENERAL IAPPLICATION

4

TERMINOLOGY

4

REFERENCE CODES AND STANDARDS

6

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

8

HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT

8

SELECTION OF MATERIALS

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BORROW PIT

10

REFERENCE MONUMENTS

11

SlTE PREPARATION WORKS

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EARTHWORKS

14

EXCAVATION FOR SPECIFIC WORKS

17

BACKFILLING FOR SPECIFIC WORKS

20

INSPECTION AND TESTING

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QUALITY ASSURANCE

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DOCUMENTATION

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APPENDIX- I

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SlTE RECORD FOR SlTE PREPARATION & EARTHWORKS

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SCOPE This Standard provides the minimum requirements for materials and workmanship associated with Site Preparation and Earthworks at the new and 'existing KOC Facilities or within KOC operation areas in Kuwait. This Standard covers the extent of work as described herein but is not limited only to the demolition, she clearance, excavation, filling, hauling, compaction, disposal, borrow pit, dewatering, inspection, testing and quality control etc. involved in the Works. Final grading and construction of bund walls are excluded from this Standard. For details, refer KOC standards for materials and workmanship " Roadways, Paving and Hardstanding " ( KOC-C-024 ) and " Bund wall " ( KOC-C-033 ) which are to be issued.

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GENERAL IAPPLICATION The materials and workmanship for any work described in this document shall conform to the requirements of this Standard and the reference standards I codes. Any exception or deviations from this Standard, alongwith their merits and justification, shall be brought to the attention of KOC's Controlling Department, for their review, consideration and amendment by Standards Division ( if required ). TERMINOLOGY Definitions Contractor Person or persons, firm or company, approved by KOC, who are undertaking the construction work covered by this Standard. Soil Any natural or artificial material not classified herein as top soil or hard strata. Fill Any deposits or construction which have been manmade as distinct from geological agencies. Gatch Gatch is the local name of a type of calcareous soil which as a fine to

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medium well graded granular material exhibits good cementing properties under compaction. It is widely used in Kuwait as a major filling material.

3.1.5

Common Excavation

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Excavation / cutting in any material including rock except topsoil' and blown sand. All common excavation shall be classified as suitable or unsuitable ", materials for structural fill. Suitable Material AU materials such as gravels (sizes not larger than 50mm), graded sands, silt and nonplastic clay which are acceptable for fill 1 backfill in accordance with the requirements of this Standard as to compaction and soil classification. Unsuitable Material A perishable or combustible material, peat, muck, slurry, rocks or any buried debris, highly sensitive plastic clay, expansive clay that is not capable to meet the requirements of this Standard as to compaction and soil classification.

Liquid Limit ( LL ) The moisture content (expressed as a percentage of dry mass) at which a soil passes from the liquid to the plastic state, as determined by the liquid limit test e.g. at which a pat of soil placed in a standard cup of the test apparatus and cut by a groove of standard dimensions will flow together at the base of the groove for a distance of13 mm (112 in) when subjected to 25 shocks from the cup being dropped 10 mm in a standard liquid limit apparatus operated at a rate of 2 shocks per second. Plastic Limit ( PL ) The moisture content (expressed as a percentage of dry mass) at which a soil becomes too dry to be in a plastic condition, as determined by the plastic limit test, e.g. at which a soil can no longer be deformed by rolling into 3.2 mm (118 in) in diameter threads without crumbling. Plasticity Index ( PI ) The range of moisture content over which a soil behaves plastically. It is the numerical difference between the liquid limit and the plastic limit of a soil e.g. PI = LL PL

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Optimum Moisture Content ( OMC ) The moisture content expressed as a percentage of dry mass ( % ) at which a specified amount of compaction will produce the maximum dry density.

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Swelling The expansion of a soil on reduction of pressure due to water being drawn into the voids between particles. Compaction The process of packing soil particles more closely together by rolling or by other mechanical means, thus increasing the dry density of the soil as a consequence of removal of air from the voids between particles. Modified Proctor Test The standard Proctor's Compaction test modified by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ( AASHTO ) for greater compactbe effort. In this test (AASHTO T180), a 50 mm diameter ramrner having a heavier mass of 4.50 kg has a free fall of 450 mm from above the top of soil in a 105 mm dia. standard mould of 1.0 litre volume and compacts the soil samples, sieved through a 20 mm sieve in 5 thinner layers with the same number of 25 blows per each layer. California Bearing Ratio The ratio expressed as a percent ( % ) of the load required to cause a circular piston of standard cross sectional area ( 1935 sq.mm ) to penetrate the soil from surface at a constant rate of 1.3 mm (0.05 in), to the standard load required for similar penetration. The CBR values are obtained as a ratio between the corrected load values for each specimen at 2.54 and 5.08 mm (0.10 and 0.20 in) penetration and the standard loads of 6.9 and 10.3 MPa (1000 and 1500 psi) respectively. Abbreviations KOC

Kuwait Oil Company ( K.S.C )

HSE

Health, Safety and Environment

AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials CBR

California Bearing Ratio

REFERENCE CODES AND STANDARDS In the event of conflict between this Standard and the standardslcodes referenced herein, the most stringent requirement shall apply, unless otherwise specified.

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List of standards and Codes : The latest edition of the following standards, codes and specifications shall apply: International Standards and codes Methods of Testing Aggregates Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes

- Part 2

Classification Tests

- Part 4

Compaction Related Tests Code of Practice for Earthworks

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ASTM D 422 (AASHTO T88)

Method for Particle Size Analysis of Soils

ASTM Dl556 (AASHTO T191)

Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Sand Cone Method

ASTM Dl557

Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort

ASTM Dl883 (AASHTO T I 93)

Test Method for CBR ( California Bearing Ratio ) of Laboratory Compacted Soils

AASHTO T I 8 0

Test Method for Moisture Density Relations of Soils Using a 10 Ib Rammer and an 18 in Drop

ASTM D2487 (AASHTO M145)

Test Method for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes

ASTM D4253

Test Method for Maximum lndex Density and Unit Weight of Soils Using a Vibratory Table

ASTM D4318 (AASHTO T89 & T90)

Test Method for LSquid Limit, Plastic Limit arid Plasticity lndex of Soils

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KOC Standards KOC-G-007

KOC Standard for Basic Design Data

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ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS The environment of Kuwait, is severe on all equipment and structures and must be considered carefully before deployment of plant and equipment. It must be assumed that, unless otherwise specified, equipment and samples shall be protected from sand and fine particle dust storms, satt laden winds, corrosive chemical contaminants and extreme temperatures. KOC Standard for Basic Design Data, KOC-G-007, provides the detailed design information regarding the environmental, site, and utility supply conditions prevailing throughout the KOC facilities. HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT The contractor shall employ all necessary health & safety procedures to protect personnel and surrounding environment during Site preparation and other on-site field works procedures. All relevant safety requirements of the KOC Fire & Safety Regulations and the KOC's HSE policy shall be strictly adhered to for all works performed within KOC operation areas. SELECTION OF MATERIALS Suitable Fill Materials Based on the geotechnicat investigation report of the project and laboratory tests on the soil samples in conform*ky with para 14.2, the materials accumulated from the common excavation shall be selected and classified as " suitable " for filling and compaction in accordance with para 7.2 of this Standard and other relevant standards mentioned herein. In the event that such material is not acceptable due to unsuitable characteristics or becomes insufficient, the "suitable" fill materials shall be imported from an offsite, KOC approved borrow pith), that comply with the selection criteria in paia 7.2. Suitable fill material shall be clean and free from highly plastic clay, coral, oil contaminated, organic or combustible material, excessive fines, rock and debris or other unsuitable materials described in para 3.1.7 not capable of complying with the compaction requirements. The maximum particle size of fill materials shall not exceed 50 mm.

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7.2

Selection Criteria

7.2.1

Suitable fill material shall be selected on the basis of the following minimum properties in Table I :.. Table I

I Dry Density ( Min.)

Liquid Limit ( Max. % )

S

Plasticity Index( Max.% 1

S 6

Soaked CBR value at 95 % modified Proctor test ( T 1 8 0 ) ( Mine%) A maximum swdl (CBR) at 95% modified Proctor test ( T 1801 %)

Group Symbd

Soil Group GW, GP, SW, SM, SC, CL-ML 1 NO= 1 I r 1.90 gm Icu.cm

Group Name

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ASTM D 2487

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AASHTO T 1911 ASTM D 1556 AASHTO T 891 ASTM D 4318 AASHTO T 901 ASTM D 4318 AASHTO T 1931 ASTM D 1883

25

2 12

AASHTO T I 9 3

S 1

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Group Description

GW

We#grsded g r a d

GP

Poor& graded g r a d

SW

WeJlgradedsand

SgM& silty or dayey sand l 50% w man, of coarse frBctrTon passes No. 4 &ve with 5% fines e 0.06 mm I.

SM/SC

Sn7ty/ Clayey sand

S t y or dayey sand l 50% or more of coarse fractlion passes No. 4&m withmore than 72% fines