SISTEMAS de Manufatura
September 6, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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]@]XGBO] HG HG Z^AHWÅÍA Z^AHWÅÍ A
X@ZA] HG Z^AMG]]A] GB BOKWCOXW^O BOKWCOXW^O G ]G^S@ÅA].
]@]XGBO
Àububanlgt`va makluktamabub, hg portgs `ktgroegb gktrg mab s`, mab qugqug otuob hg omarha as `ksubas ka sgkt`ha hg prahuz`r ub rgsuitoha.
]@]XGBO @kputs
GKX^OHO
Autputs
Z^AMG]]A
]OÂHO
`kcarboå÷gs
^gsuitohas
@ksubas
]@]XGBO Sor`ïvg`s ha s`stgbo hg prahuåía
Gktrohos ” @kputs
Xgmkaiae`o/makfgm`bgkta Gqu`pobgktas Botgr`o`s ^gmursas C`kokmg`ras ” Mop`toi - $
]@]XGBO
Zramgssobgkta
Ziokglobgkta hg Ohb`k`stroåía hg Zrahuta Botgr`o`s Zrahuåía Bordgt`ke Xrg`kobgkta hg bía-hg-anro
]@]XGBO
]OÂHO] Zrahuta au ]grv`åa
^G]WIXOHA]
Iumra ^g-`kvgst`ha H`str`nuâha Zrgluâza ]am`oi`zoha
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
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À o hgck`åía ha tpa hg pramgssa uti`zoha gb bokuouro hg prahuas g sgrv`åas. À o bokg`ro pgio quoi areok`zo-sg o prahuåía hg ngks g sgrv`åas, mab moromgrâstmos h`grgkgs h`grgkgs hg vaiubg g vor`ghohg.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
Gigbgkas< •
@ksubas ” boàr`o-pr`bo
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Bía-hg-anro
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Mop`oi ” rgmursas ckokmg`ras
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Bïqu`kos g gqu`pobgkas
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Dkaw-faw Dkaw -faw ” makfgm`bgka hg maba sg oz.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
As pramgssas
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Zramgssas hg makvgr makvgrsía sía bokuouro
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Zramgssas hg roks roksgrìkm`o grìkm`o sgrv`åas
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
Zramgssa hg makvgrsía gb bokuouro •
@khüsr`o Buho a arbo arboa a ho boàr`o-pr`bo Buho o mabpas`åía •
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Buho o arbo has rgmursas Zramgssa hg roksgrìkm`o ]grv`åas •
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Fï o roks roksgrìkm`o grìkm`o hg makfgm`bgkas g/au gmkaiae`o
X@ZA] HG ]@]XGBO] •
A qug à bo`s `bparokg gkrg as gigbgkas< •
Ko `khüsr`o ” gqu`pobgkas g bïqu`kos.
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Kas sgrv`åas ” bía-hg-anro g makfgm`bgka.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X`pas hg s`sgbos poro bokuouro< •
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Xroh`m`akoi Mruzoho - Hg ]mfraghgr (?06?) Zrahuåía Gkxuo
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
X^OH@M@AKOI •
Gsg s`sgbo gsï sgbprg rgiom`akoha mab a uxa hg prahuåía.
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Xgb ubo ar`gkoåía g ubo h`bgksía
CIWVA CIWV A HG Z^AHWÅÍA Z^AHWÅÍA
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
Ka bahgia roh`m`akoi fï rìs tpas hg pramgssas h`grgkgs< •
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Zrahuåía makkuo makkuo - prahuåía gb bosso ” hg uxa uxa gb i`kfo. Zrahuåía par iags au par gkmabgkho. Zrahuåía gb erokhgs pralgas ” sgb rgpgtåía.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
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X^OH@M@AKOI Z^AHWÅÍA MAKXÂKWO ” Z^AHWÅÍA GB BO]]O Erokhgs vaiubgs g paumo vor`ghohg. ]gqùìkm`o i`kgor. Zrahuas pohrak`zohas, kía à gxâvgi. Os gopos hg prahuåía ugb kubo sgqùìkm`o prgv`so p rgv`so hg ub pasa hg ronoifa poro aura. Os gopos sía noiokmgohos poro qug os otv`hohgs bo`s igkos kía prgluh`qugb o vgiam`hohg ha pramgssa. ]ía bo`s gcm`gkgs.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI •
Z^AHWÅÍA GB BO]]O •
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Zrahuåía gb erokhgs quokthohgs poro i`kfos hg bakoegb ]grvg poro prahuas vor`ohas prahuz`has ko bgsbo piooarbo Zahg sgr `k`kgrrup `k`kgrrupoo •
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@khüsr`os hg rgr`egrokgs @khüsr`o hg gigrahabàstmas @khüsr`o oi`bgkm`o @khüsr`o hg MHs
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI •
Z^AHWÅÍA MAKXÂKWO ” @K@KXG^^WZXO •
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Zramgssa aoibgkg ouabotzoha Zrahuas pohrak`zohas Xorgos rgpgttvos ^gkon`i`hohg antho orovàs ho prahuåía hg erokhgs vaiubgs
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI •
Z^AHWÅÍA MAKXÂKWO ” @K@KXG^^WZXO •
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Mustas oitas gb cukåía hg bïqu`kos g gqu`pobgktas O i`kfo hg baktoegb kía pahg sgr bah`c`moho @khüstr`o quâb`mo •
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@khüstr`o @khüstr`o hg hg popgi hgr`vohas hg pgtrýiga @khüstr`o hg oåa
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI •
Mu`hohas poro mab a s`stgbo hg cuxa •
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Mabpgtåía g makmarrìkm`o ^`sma hg ansaigsmìkm`o ha prahua ^`sma hg buhokåos gmkaiýe`mos
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Bakaak`o ha ronoifa poro as gbprgeohas Zramgssas moras ” oka gb `kvgstbgkas `k`m`o`s quoka hg bokugkåía.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI @KXG^B@XGKXG ” GB IAXG] ” ZA^ GKMABGKHO ” LANN@KE ” LAN]FAZ Moho tpa hg prahua gb a sgu pramgssa g oa cb hg moho iag as prahuas pahgb sgr h`vgrs`cmohas. •
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Fï obâi`os hg prahuas mab paumo vor`oåía Zoro pramgssas ouabotzohas gx`eg-sg bo`args vaiubgs.
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]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI
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Gb egroi as pralgas sía has mi`gkgs. A orrokla s`ma à makarbg a pramgssa hg prahuåía g pahgb sgr h`spasa hg omarha mab os fon`i`hohgs hos pgssaos, apgroå÷gs ha pramgssa g/au gqu`pobgkas. Kía fï rgeuior`hohg ka uxa has prahuas hg ubo osg poro auro. As rgmursas fubokas sía bo`s gx`e`has. ]ía kgmgssïr`os buhokåos g moi`nroegks kas gqu`pobgkas hg omarha mab as prahuas.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI Gxgbpias< @khüsr`os hg bïqu`kos g grrobgkos, grrobgkos, raupos, oieubos `khüsr`os oi`bgkm`os, pgåos poro ouabývg`s. •
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@khüsr`o bgoiüre`mo - paros, lokgios, par÷gs. @khüsr`o bavgig`ro ” orbïr`as g bývg`s gb egroi.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
Mu`hohas poro mab a s`stgbo par iatgs< X^OH@M@AKOI •
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À nosokg gxâvgi g pahg oprgsgkor pranigbos h`vgrsas. A makraig hg gsaqugs hgvg sgr pgrg`a. O praeroboåía ho prahuåía hgvg sgr ha makfgm`bgka hg ahas okgs ha `kâm`a ha pramgssa. Gx`eg o `bpiokoåía hg praerobos hg quoi`hohg poro gv`or hgspgrhâm`as, grras, gm. Fï pgrho hg gbpa mab as rgorroklas. Zgrhg-sg gb gcm`ìkm`o g a vaiubg hg prahuåía sía no`xas.
A bgrmoha pahg sgr rghuz`ha.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
X^OH@M@AKOI Z^AHWÅÍA HG E^OKHG] Z^ALGXA].
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Moho pralga à ub prahua ük`ma.
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Kía fï ub uxa ha prahua.
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Zrahuåía gb no`xas vaiubgs g erokhg vor`ghohg.
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Zramgssa hg iakeo huroåía, huroåía, mab `kâm`a g cb ngb hgck`has. Xorgos mab paumo au kgkfubo rgpgttv`hohg. @kgrvoias hg gbpas h`grgk h`grgkgs. gs.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA X^OH@M@AKOI •
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Zrahuas hg oia musa. Fï h`cmuihohgs poro egrgkm`or as pralgas gb ukåía hos h`grgk h`grgkgs gs otv`hohgs makmarrgkgs g makmab`ok makmab`okgs. gs. Kgmgss`o hg piokglobgka g makraig hg aha a pramgssa, mab àmk`mos maba ZG^X-MZB.
]@]XGBO] HG Z^AHWÅÍA •
X^OH@M@AKOI Gxgbpias< •
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Gsoig`ras ” kov`as Conr`moåía Conr`moå ía hg ov`÷gs Erokhgs gsruuros hg gkegkfor`o g maksruåía m`v`i (ükgi ka Mokoi ho Bokmfo, pakgs, f`hragiàr`mos, gh`m`as). Xurna egrohargs poro @o`pu. Zrahuåía hg cibgs.
Mabporoåía hos Moromtgrâst`mos has Zramgssas
Zral Zr algt gta a
@ktg @k tgrb rb`t `tgk gktg tg
Ciux Ci uxa a gb I` I`kf kfoo
Cig igx` x`n` n`i` i`h hohg hg
Oia
=-0
Saiubg Zrahuz`ha
]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA M^W\OHO HG ]MF^AGHG^ •
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Zahg sgr opi`moho poro sgrv`åas g poro `khüsr`o. Xgb huos ar`gkoå÷gs g huos h`bgks÷gs. h`bgks÷ gs. •
Ar`gkoå÷gs< •
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o) par uxa ha prahua mab = tpas ” i`kfo, `kgrb`gkg g gopos ha pramgssa. n) par tpa hg maksub`har.
H`bgks÷gs< •
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o) poro gsaqugs. n) poro a mi`gkg au gkmabgkhos.
]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA M^W\OHO HG ]MF^AGHG^ •
Ar`gkoåía poro gsaqugs< •
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]grv`åa rïp`ha poro a maksub`har o no`xa musa. A mi`gkg gb paumos apå÷gs hg gsmaifo ” `kgxâvgi. Kgmgss`o gsuhas hg hos bgrmoha pralgor poro os vgkhos a gsaqug mr`oha g gx`sg okgs vgkhosporo lusobgkg opa`or” os vgkhos. à
]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA M^W\OHO HG ]MF^AGHG^ •
Ar`gkoåía poro a mi`gkg< •
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XOs ahos os apgroå÷gs sía hg omarha mab a hgsgla makh`å÷gs ha kgeým`a sía h`ohos pgia mi`gkgha mi`gkg. Zroza hg gkrgeo H`bgks÷gs Zrgåa Gbnoioegb •
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]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA M^W\OHO HG ]MF^AGHG^ X`pa
Zoro Gstaqug
Zoro a Mi`gktg
I`kfo
^gc`kor`o hg Zgtrýiga, @kh. _uâb`mos hg erokhgs vaiubgs, Con. hg popgi
Sgâmuias gspgm`o`s, gspgm`o`s, M`o. Xgigcøk`mo, Gigtrgm`hohg, Eïs.
Bavgig`ro, @ktgrb`tgk @kh. bgtoiüre`mo, ^gcg`å÷gs tg ^ïp`hos, iokmfakgtgs. Ortg p/ gxpas`åía, gxpas`åía, mosos Zralgta prà-conr`mohos,
Bývg`s san bgh`ho, pgåos gspgm`o`s, rgstouroktg o io mortg. Gh`câm`as, kov`as, ov`÷gs, us`kos tgrba
cataeroc`os ortâst`mos.
Z^AHWÅÍA GKVWXO •
À ubo gvaiuåía ho prahuåía gb bosso.
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Hgsgkvaiv`ha pgio pgi o Xayao. Xayao.
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@krahuåía hg kavas makmg`as< •
Lus-`k-X`bg
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Gkegkfor`o ]`buiîkgo
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Xgmkaiae`o hg Erupa
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Maksýrm`a Bahuior
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Màiuios hg Zrahuåía
g f`hragiàtr`mos f`hragiàtr`mos..
Z^AHWÅÍA GKVWXO •
@krahuåía hg kavas makmg`as •
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Hgshanrobgka ho Cukåía _uoi`hohg Mabodgrsf`p
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]`sgbos Cigxâvg`s hg Zrahuåía
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Bokuouro @kgeroho par Mabpuohar
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Ngkmfbord`ke
]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA HG ]G^S@ÅA] AZG^OÅ×G] •
X`pas hg pramgssas poro sgrv`åas sgr v`åas - apgroå÷gs< •
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]grv`åas pracss`ako`s Ialos hg sgrv`åa ]grv`åas hg bosso
]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA HG ]G^S@ÅA] AZG^OÅ×G] •
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]grv`åas pracss`ako`s •
]ía nosgohas gb pgssaos
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A ìkosg gsï ka pramgssa au maba a sgrv`åa à g`a.
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Gb egroi amarrg kos `ksoioå÷gs ha mi`gkg.
Gxgbpias< •
]grv`åas hg maksuiargs, oieuks ohvaeohas, prgsohargs prgsohargs hg sgrv`åa ê hab`mâi`a.
]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA HG ]G^S@ÅA] AZG^OÅ×G] •
Ialos hg sgrv`åa •
Nosgoha ka makoa mab a mi`gkg.
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Zassu` otv`hohgs hg i`kfo hg rgkg g hg rgoeuorho h`stkos.
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Fï ub gqu`iânr`a gkrg pramgssa g prahua.
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Hgbokho `ksoioå÷gs prýpr`os g ohgquohos oa tpa hg sgrv`åa.
Gxgbpias< •
Nokmas,ialos hg mabàrm`a gb egroi, ialos hg sfapp`ke,
gbprgsos hg iamoåía, faà`s, rgsourokgs.
]@]XGBO HG Z^AHWÅÍA HG ]G^S@ÅA] AZG^OÅ×G]
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]grv`åa hg bosso •
Zauma makoa mab a mi`gkg.
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Ar`gkohas poro prahuas gspgmâcmas.
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]ía pohrak`zohas, pauma gxâvg`s.
Gxgbpias< •
]upgrbgrmohas, ograparas, gbprgsos hg roksparg (oàrga, raha, grra g f`hrav`ïr`a), gbprgsos hg mabuk`moåía (XS, rïh`a, larkoi).
GVGBZIA] - SAISA
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SAISA SAI SA ” mob`kf÷gs ” I`kfo I`kfo ” osgs hg prahuåía. •
Mfoss` ” opgro supargs poro cxoåía hg mf`mags ” ouabotzoho.
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Maiamoåía hos gsmohos, okqugs hg mabnusvgi, m`i`khras hg or.
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Maiamoåía ha baar. Maiamoåía hos iogro`s ha mob`kfía.
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Maiamoåía ho mon`kg, hos rahos g ha gkeog.
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Xgsgs.
GVGBZIA] - ^GKOWIX
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^GKOWIXX ” Zrahuas ” ]mgk`m g Mi`a.- I`kfo ^GKOWI O i`kfo à h`v`h`ho h` v`h`ho gb 0 b`k`-i`kfos, mab huos Wk`hohgs Gigbgkorgs hg Xronoifa (WGX) moho ubo.
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Moho WGX gb hg 3 o ?: apgrohargs.
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Xrìs Xr ìs gopos hos prahuåía< •
Zr`bg`ro< morramgr`o.
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]geukho< Z`kuro.
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Xgrmg`ro< Carkgmghargs ko i`kfo hg bakoegb
GVGBZIA] - ^GKOWIX •
Zr`bg`ro gopo< Morramgr`o - i`kfo gxâvgi hg h g prahuåía •
Nosg raiokg (mfoss`s)
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Iogro`s
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Xga
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Zorgs bývg`s ” paros, iogro`s, obpo rosg`ro, mopø g pïro-iobos.
GVGBZIA] - ^GKOWIX
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]geukho Gopo< Z`kuro •
As prahuas cmob ka p`sa supgr`ar poro hggmor vozobgkas g gv`or qug as bgsbas sglob oialohas ka igkåai rgïtma.
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Wbo otv`hohg à gxgmuoho pgia ranø ” opi`moåía ho bosso hg vghoåía ka marg ha baar.
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Os auros otv`hohgs sía rgoi`zohos gb mon`kgs gsgr`i`zohos.
GVGBZIA] - ^GKOWIX
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Xgrmg`ro gopo< Carkgmghargs ko i`kfo hg bakoegb. •
Maiamoåía hg gsmopobgka, rahos, g`xas rosg`ra g h`okg`ra, madp`, nokmas g po`kà`s hos paros.
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Zramgssa ouabotzoha ” ?7 o >: ranøs >7% ha pramgssa. Zramgssa bokuoi 57 % ha pramgssa.
GVGBZIA] - OBNGS •
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OBNGS ” Ngn`hos ” prahuåía makkuo, gb sàr`g. 5: % ouabotzoho. Gopos< •
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^gmgn`bgka ha vos`ifobg Iovoegb Gkvosg Orraifobgka g obpo Maiamoåía ha rýuia
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Xroksparg poro gkerohohas.
GVGBZIA] ” ]FOZG •
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]FOZG ” Nosgs hg bohg`ro tpa mabpgksoha poro sdogs g prokmfos hg sokhnaorh. Zramgssa `kgrb`gkg, par gkmabgkho. Cosgs< •
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Zrgksos ” marg ” ouabotzoha, poro moho tpa hg prahua. I`xo - pramgssa bokuoi, poro ahas as prahuas. Maioegb mab rgs`kos poro ahas as prahuas.
Fï ub orrokla hos prgksos poro moho prahua. A bgrmoha à rghuz`ha.
GVGBZIA] ” BÝSG@]
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BÝSG@] @HGOI ” Bývg`s gb bohg`ro ” rìs pramgssas<
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Zrahuåía makkuo ” bývg`s pohrak`zohas4
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Zrahuåía `kgrb`gkg ” poro auras bývg`s.
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Zar gkmabgkho ” poro faà`s.
GVGBZIA] ” ]AKP
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]AKP ” Eobgs g Laeas ” Zioy ]otak ” Zar pralga, vaiohas poro a mi`gkg. A hgsgkvaiv`bgka has laeas à par gqu`pgs mab passâvgi rahâz`a, makarbg makarbg as prahuas< •
Laeas hg oåía
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Laeas hg eugrro
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Laeas hg gsroàe`os
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Laeas ghumom`ako`s
A CWXW^A
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Zoro bokuouro ” ouaboåía g areok`zoåía •
Cgrrobgkos ” mabpuohargs g ]U.
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A ronoifohar ha makfgm`bgk makfgm`bgka. a.
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Oio prahutv`hohg prahutv`ho hg g rghuåía hg musas ” a qug kía oergeo voiar à gi`b`k gi`b`koha, oha, ozgr mgra hgshg o ?ª vgz , kâvg`s hg gsaqug sía rghuz`has, fausgdggp`ke fausgdggp`ke g pracss`ako`s mab büitpios fon`i`hohgs. _uoi`hohg ” gspâr`a hg gqu`pg g mabprab`ss mabprab`ssa. a.
A CWXW^A
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Zoro bokuouro ” ouaboåía g areok`zoåía •
Zralgas has prahuas g has pramgssas.
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Kava orrokla s`ma ” gb màiuios mab ïrgos rghuz`hos.
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Mabuk`moåía v`suoi ” `karboå÷g `karboå÷gss püni`mos, gxpasos gb quohras pgios uk`hohgs, doknok mab o uti`zoåía hg margs. Zasa hg Xronoifa ” greakab`o, ngb-gsor g sgeurokåo, obn`gkgs i`bpas g oerohïvg`s.
A CWXW^A
Zoro bokucoturo ” outaboåía g areok`zoåía.
Mabprab`ssa mab a bg`a-obn`gktg ” @]Asam`o`s. ?8.:::, rgm`mior, rgusor, rgvgrtgr g mustas Egstía ha makfgm`bgkta ” mabport`ifor makfgm`bgktas poro bgifar`o ha hgsgbpgkfa.
A CWXW^A
Zoro sgrv`åas ” Outaboåía g Areok`zoåía
Mustab`zoåía ” `kh`v`huoi`zoåía ha mi`gktg. Outaboåía ” mabputohargs g sactworgs, `kmarparoåía hg tgmkaiae`os.
Bgkar musta apgrom`akoi prac`ss`ako`s mab büit`pios ” areok`zoåía, fon`i`hohgs. ^giom`akobgkta mab a mi`gktg ” ovoi`oåía ho sot`scoåía ha mi`gktg.
Ciuxa otgkh`bgkta ” gstrotàe`os mi`gktghgbo`s prýx`ba has prahutas. poro boktgr a
A CWXW^A
Zoro sgrv`åas ” Outaboåía g Areok`zoåía
Ialos mab bo`s iuxa g makcarta. ]grv`åas habàst`mas cg`tas caro hg moso. Oe`i`hohg ka otgkh`bgkta. Mabprab`ssa mab a bg`a-obn`gktgg”mustas rgm`mior, rgusor, rgvgrtgr g rgspakson`i`hohg sam`o`s. Egstía ha makfgm`bgkta ” mabport`ifor
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