Silvestre, Danièle - EL Deseo en Cuestión

 

―Hctrh lhbific` y psifk`càeisis. He bhshk hc fuhstiöc“

@utkr1 B`ciêeh Vievhstrh Guhcth1 Thvist` Pu`rtk Cª 89, _udeif`fiöc bh e` HFG hc Déemif`, 0997, pàms4? pàms4? -44 (Rr`buffiöc ck `utkriz`b` pkr e` `utkr`, rh`eiz`b` pkr he Eif. Euis Wket`, p`r` firfue`fiöc icthrc` bhe hquipk icthrbisfipeic`rik bhe Fhctrk _rkvicfi`e bh Gidrksis Puìstif` bh @buetks - JIM@ Tkssi. E` _e`t`, l`rzk 4?00.)

Bhsbh j`fh ficfk `ðks, uc phquhðk mrupk bh psifk`c`eist`s y bh lébifks sh j` rhucibkshrhmue`rlhcth, bh l`chr` pricfipik, p`r`hcfuhctrks bhd`tir fuhstikchs `mub`s bkcbh fruz`c sus pràftif`s. He icgkrl`e puctk bh `e p`rtib` bh hstks guh he VIB@, he tkl`r hc tr`t`lihctk ` p`fihcths shrkpksitivks y/k y` `ghft`bks pkr e` hcghrlhb`b, e`s bigifuet`bhs p`r` j`fhrehs grhcth, p`r` `sulir hc he jkspit`e e` `cmusti` quh he eum`r bh ucks y ktrks fkceehv`. Làs t`rbh, he f`lpk sh guh hxthcbihcbk, eks thl`s sh guhrkc prhfis`cbk1 hc 0992-98, guh ―e` `prkpi`fiöc bhe fuhrpk“, quh bik l`thri`e p`r` uc bkssihr hc he C± 7? bh e²Äch, euhmk bh uc` Akrc`b` ―_sifk`càeisis y Lhbific`“ quh sh eehvk ` f`dk hc Aueik bh 0992, bhspués bhe Hcfuhctrk Icthrc`fikc`e bhe F`lpk grhubi`ck hc _`rìs, y bhe quh `emucks bh hsh mrupk tuvihrkc e` rhspkcs`dieib`b. Hsth `ðk, he thl` hehmibk hstà hc ek làs fhrf`ck bh e` icthrshffiöc psifk`càeisislhbific`, hc he frufh bh e`s prhmuct`s pe`cth`b`s ` eks psifk`c`eist`s y ` eks lébifks1 ―Bh eks sugrilihctks `e sìctkl`“. He puctk bh p`rtib` hstà hstrhfj`lhcth eim`bk ` cuhstr`s pràftif`s hc he jkspit`e, y fkcfrht`lhcth ` e` feìcif` quh hcfkctr`lks `eeì. E` fuhstiöc bhe sìctkl` hs hvibhcthlhcth frufi`e hc cuhstrks bhd`ths bhsbh he fklihczk bh cuhstrks icthrf`ldiks. _`r` eks psifk`c`eist`s, sugrir y thstilkci`r bh su sugrilihctk ck quihrh bhfir quh he sìctkl` hsté fkcstituibk, hc he shctibk quh eh b`lks ` hsth térlick hc cuhstr` bisfipeic`. Y p`r` quh j`y` fj`cfh bh uc `càeisis, hs chfhs`rik quh he suahtk `fhpth  p`s`r bh e` quha` ` e` puhst` hc auhmk bhe sìctkl`, làs `eeà bhe sugrilihctk. Ésth sh birimh `e lébifk fklk uc` bhl`cb`. »_hrk hs uc` bhl`cb` bh fur`fiöc; He sugrilihctk puhbh phrbur`r fklk uc rhstk, ` phs`r bhe tr`t`lihctk bhe sìctkl`. Grhub tuvk quh thchr hc fuhct` ` hst` ―rhsisthcfi`“ bhe sìctkl`, y rhfkckfhr quh he sugrilihctk puhbh shr guhcth bh uc` s`tisg`ffiöc p`r`bka`e, hcimlàtif`. Mkz`r bh hsth sugrilihctk rudrif`, p`r` ée, quh uc` puesiöc hxtr`ð`, siehcfiks`, hstà tr`d`a`cbk sudthrràch`lhcth1 sudthrràch`lhc th1 e` eee`l` e`l` puesiöc bh luhrth. Hc hsth tr`d`ak bh heufib`fiöc bh cuhstr`s pràftif`s (lébif`s y psifk`c`eìtif`s) quh hcfuhctr`c bivhrs`lhcth `e sugrilihctk y `e sìctkl`, cuhstr` drñaue` simuh sihcbk uc thxtk bh E`f`c bh 0977, làs `ftu`e quh cucf`0. ―Xc fuhrpk hs `emk quh hstà jhfjk  p`r` mkz`r, mkz`r bh sì lislk. E` bilhcsiöc bhe mkfh hstà fklpeht`lhcth hxfeuib` bh ek quh ee`lé e` rhe`fiöc hpisthlk-sklàtif`“. hpisthlk-sklàtif`“. Hst` rhe`f rhe`fiöc iöc hs ek quh rhsuet` bhe  prkmrhsk bh e` fihcfi` skdrh e` rhe`fiöc bh e` lhbific` fkc he fuhrpk, bifh E`f`c. ―Y` quh e` fihcfi` ck hs icf`p`z bh s`dhr ek quh puhbh, phrk `e imu`e quh he suahtk quh hee` hcmhcbr`, ck puhbh s`dhr ek quh quihrh.“ E` prhmuct` pe`cth`b` ` eks psifk`c`eist`s bhe`cth bhe fuhrpk quh sugrh pkbrì` shr ést`1 »Fölk j`fhr eehm`r `e icfkcsfihcth, ` ek sildöeifk, hsk quh hstà gia`bk hc he fuhrpk d`ak hst` gkrl`; »Fuàe hs he bhshk bhe suahtk hcghrlk; Hs uc bhshk hc susphcsk, uc bhshk f`utivk, `tr`p`bk hc e` hcghrlhb`b. »_hrk hs  austk, rimurksk, j`de`r bh uc ―suahtk“ hcghrlk; _`r` shr prhfisks, hs he fuhrpk he quh hstà hcghrlk, he suahtk, ée, `e lhcks si hs tkl`bk hc su `fhpfiöc psifk`c`eìtif`, ck hs

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 E`f`c, ―_sifk`càeisis y Lhbific`“, hc ―Icthrvhcfikchs y Rhxtks“, L`c`cti`e, @rmhctic`, pàm. 94.

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susfhptideh bh shr f`eigif`bk `sì. Fklk t`e, he suahtk ck sh bhgich sick pkr su rhe`fiöc fkc eks simcigif`cths, bh bkcbh ñcif`lhcth sh bhbufh, hs bhfir, bh ek quh sh bifh. _hrk aust`lhcth, ck sh hstà fklpeht`lhcth hquivkf`bk `e bhfir1 ―he suahtk hcghrlk“, hc e` lhbib` hc quh fkcst`t`lks, fklk `c`eist`s, grhcth ` phrskc`s quh hcfkctr`lks hc he fu`brk bhe jkspit`e, quh e` hcghrlhb`b mr`vh, hc p`rtifue`r `quhee` fuyk prkcöstifk hs rhshrv`bk, tihch rhphrfusikchs l`siv`s hc he pe`ck psìquifk, puhbh eehm`r j`st` icv`bir tkbk he f`lpk bh e`s rhprhshct`fikc r hprhshct`fikchs, hs, hs bhfir, e` rh`eib`b psìquif`, y ck bha`r làs eum`r `e suahtk. E` hcghrlhb`b mr`vh puhb` hst`r t`c klciprhshcth quh bhvhcm` p`r` `emuihc `quheek ` ek quh sh rhbufh su ibhctib`b1 ―yk sky shrkpksitivk“, pkr hahlpek, puhbh vkevhrsh uc` ibhctigif`fiöc l`siv`, kfup`r e` vib` psìquif` ` puctk bh quh c`b` k f`si c`b` làs hxist` y`. Hc hsth f`sk, hc hghftk, puhbh bhfirsh ―he suahtk hcghrlk“, pkrquh su shr sh vkeviö e` hcghrlhb`b bh e` quh hstà `ghft`bk y quh su bisfursk hstà icv`bibk bh hee`1 ck sh icthrhs` hc c`b` làs y ck j`de` làs quh bh hee`. He suahtk hstà susphcbibk, fklk e`  phrskc`, hctrh e` vib` y e` e ` luhrth, y su bhshk phcbh bh uc jiek ñcifk, fklpeht`lhcth. Eks ktrks ilpuesks, `ghftivks, icthehftu`ehs, j`c sibk puhstks hctrh p`récthsis, quizàs `spir`bks y puhstks `e shrvifik bh hsh ñcifk bhshk hc susphcsk. Grhub, hc su thxtk skdrh he c`rfisislk4, hc 0908, j`dì` b`bk y` `emuc`s icbif`fikchs prhfiks`s skdrh hst` fuhstiöc. @eeì ée hstubi`d` e` icgeuhcfi` bh e` hcghrlhb`b krmàcif` skdrh e` bistridufiöc bh e` eidibk, hs bhfir, skdrh he bhshk y he mkfh. ―Hs ucivhrs`elhcth fkckfibk y cks p`rhfh quh v` bh suyk quh `quhe quh hstà `geimibk bh bkekrlàs krmàcifk y bh hcghrlhb`bhs su icthrés pkr e`s fks`s bhekdshrv`fiöc lucbk hxthrikr,  pkr bh quh ést`s ck thcm`c `d`cbkch rhe`fiöc fkc su sugrilihctk. Xc` làs  prhfis` cks hcshð` quh rhtir` t`ldiéc su icthrés eidibic`e bh sus kdahtks bh `lkr, quh bha` bh `l`r t`ctk tihlpk fklk sugr`.“ Hs ek quh fkcst`t`lks hc e` pràftif` jkspit`e`ri` bh l`chr` fkcst`cth1 he bhsicthrés bh eks hcghrlks pkr e`s fks`s quh `cths eh icthrhs`d`c, su bhsicvhstibur` `ghftiv`. V`dhlks quh e` bhs`p`rifiöc t`c grhfuhcth bhe bhshk shxu`e, hc eks p`fihcths shrkpksitivks, ck tihch quh vhr ñcif`lhcth fkc he thlkr bh j`fhr tkl`r rihsmks `e ktrk, sick quh hstà eim`b` ` hsth bhsicvhstilihctk eidibic`e quh `fklp`ð` ` e` hcghrlhb`b sklàtif`. He `ise`lihctk `ghftivk hc he quh sh hcfuhctr`c lufjks bh hstks hcghrlks hcfuhctr` `eeì su prilhr` hxpeif`fiöc. Grhub fkcticñ`1 ―E` d`c`eib`b bh hsth jhfjk ck bhdh ilphbircks b`reh uc` tr`buffiöc hc térlicks bh eidibk. Birì`lks hctkcfh hctkcfhs1 s1 he hcghrlk rhtir` sus icvhstibur`s bh eidibk skdrh he yk, p`r` hlitire`s bh cuhvk bhspués bh e` fur`fiöc. (Vimuh e` fit` bh uc pkht` `ehlàc, ` prkpösitk bh uc bkekr bh bihcths1 ―su `el` hcthr` sh hstrua` hc he hstrhfjk juhfk bh su luhe`“). Eidibk h icthrés bhe yk tihchc he lislk bhstick y skc ilpksidehs bh bisticmuir1 he hmkìslk t`c fkckfibk bhe hcghrlk rhfudrh ` `ldks“. Ée fklp`r` hstk `e hst`bk bhe suhðk suhðk11 ―quihc, `e imu`e quh e` hcghrlhb`b, rhp rhprhshct` rhshct` uc quith c`rfisist` bh e`s pksifikchs bh e` eidibk skdrh e` phrskc` prkpi` k làs hx`ft`lhcth, skdrh he bhshk bh bkrlir“. He rhpeihmuh skdrh sì bh eks hcghrlks icthrc`bks, su rhfursk grhfuhcth `e suhðk, bhphcbhc bh hst` rhtir`b` c`rfisist` làs `eeà bh e`s r`zkchs bh g`tim` g`ti m` hvkf`b`s. He bhshk hstà dihc, hc hghftk, susphcbibk. susphcbibk. @tr`p`bk hc hhee fuhrpk hcghrlk, hc he shr quh su sugrh, grh, ck hstà làs bispkcideh p`r` ktr` fks`. Hs prkd`dehlhcth ek quh fkcstituy` he kdstàfuek làs bigìfie `e tr`d`ak `c`eìtifk hc he jkspit`e. Eehv`bk pkr fklpehtk `e fuhrpk sugrihcth, `e shr hcghrlk »hsth bhshk sh rhbufh `e bh fur`rsh; »Ck j`y cicmuc` ktr` vì` p`r` he suahtk quh `quhee`, y cicmñc ktrk puctk 4

 

 Grhub, Vimlucb ―Ictrkbuffiöc bhe C`rfisislk“, hc Kdr`s Fklpeht`s, @lkrrkrtu, Wke ZIW.

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`e fu`e birimirsh quh he lébifk; Vic hld`rmk, luy ` lhcubk sklks ee`l`bks `e e`bk bh `quheeks quh prhkfup`c ` su hctkrck (g`liei` k lébifk), pkr su `ftitub bh rhtirk, icfeusk bh rhpeihmuh siehcfiksk. @ vhfhs cks skc shð`e`bks fklk bhprilibks1 ` vhfhs ek hstàc,  pkr supuhstk, phrk ck sihlprh1 sh hcfkrv`c hc hsth rhtirk, y hcvì`c tkb`s sus guhrz`s t`ldiéc j`fi` uc kdahtivk1 s`eir bh e` hcghrlhb`b. E` bigifuet`b p`r` cksktrks hsh quh he Ktrk bh hsth bhshk hs hvibhcthlhcth he lébifk ‖ bim`lks làs hxthcs`lhcth ‖ he hquipk tr`t`cth, y quh he birimirsh j`fi` uc  psifk`c`eist` chfhsit` ktr` puhst` hc fuhstiöc, uc` `puhst` ` e` fuhstiöc bh su shr. Vi heeks hstàc fklpeht`lhcth rhbufibks ` su fkcbifiöc bh hcghrlk, su Ktrk, `quhe bhe quh hsphr`c e` rhspuhst`, hs he lébifk, ck he psifk`c`eist`. Bh `eeì rhsuet`c `emucks l`eks hcthcbibks hc he tr`d`ak fktibi`ck. _kr hsk ck hs skrprhcbhcth quh cuhstrk tr`d`ak sh` ` lhcubk bhsvi`bk bh su lht`, y, pkr hstk, icmr`tk. Hc hghftk, p`r` quh uc tr`d`ak `c`eìtifk puhb` fklhcz`rsh, `quì fklk hc ktrks hsp`fiks, hs chfhs`rik quh he suahtk tr`csgihr` `e `c`eist` he s`dhr quh ée supkch bhtràs bh su prkpi` prhmuct`. Vi su prhmuct` ck fkcfihrch làs quh ` su hcghrlhb`b, sic hsdkzk bh sudahtiv`fiöc, hs bhfir, sic quh icthcth situ`rsh fklk suahtk hc rhe`fiöc ` hst` prhmuct`, ck dusf`rà làs quh hc e` lhbific` y hsphr`rà söek bhe lébifk quh sh e` `pkrth. @bhlàs, vhlks e` fkcgirl`fiöc bh hsk hc he jhfjk bh quh hs fu`cbk he hcghrlk pihrbh e` hsphr`cz` hc e` lhbific`, lhbific`, y ck hsphr` làs shr shr s`ev`bk pkr he lébifk, quh pibh p`r` j`de`r fkc `emuihc làs. Grhfuhcthlhcth hs t`ldiéc he lklhctk hc quh he bhsicvhstilihctk eidibic`e hs t`e quh fkc austk tìtuek puhbh f`eigif`rsh bh bhprilibk. Hs, hc he gkcbk p`r` y hcktr` shctibk prkpik, bhshsphr`cz` quh bifj`. he hcghrlk sh birimh `e  psifk`c`eist`> fks` quh e` ffks` ks`hclébif` prkp prkpi`lhcth i`lhcth Hc tkbk f`sk, ck j`drà vhrb`bhrk tr`d`ak `c`eìtifk sick ` fkcbifiöc bh quh hst` tr`csgkrl`fiöc ‖ hst` tr`csghrhcfi` tr`csghrhcfi` - sh prkbuzf`1 quh vh vhcm` cm` ` j`de`r bh ée fklk suahtk suahtk làs quh fklk hcghrlk> hs bhfir, fklk `emuihc quh tihch uc p`s`bk, quh ck hstà gia`bk hc he lklhctk prhshcth, `ftu`e, bh ek quh hstà hc he fhctrk bh hsth hcfuhctrk, `quì, hc he jkspit`e. @ vhfhs, j`y quh birimirek `guhr`, guhr` bh eks lurks bhe jkspit`e, p`r` quh hst` tr`csgkrl`fiöc sh kphrh. Bhsibhctigif`bk bh su hcghrlhb`b, fkcvkf`bk pkr guhr`, puhbh hctkcfhs bhfeic`r su jistkri`> su vib` ck sh rhbufh làs ` `emucks lhshs bh rhfkrribk lébifk. _`r` fklprklhthrsh hc uc `càeisis, hs chfhs`rik `quì fklk hc fu`equihr hsp`fik, uc` supksifiöc bh quh `emk sh puhbh hcfkctr`r pkr lhbik bh e` p`e`dr`, hc sì, y m`c`s bh s`dhr. Whcir ` bhpksit`r hc he Ktrk ek quh eh j`fh sugrir puhbh fihrt`lhcth `pkrt`reh `e suahtk uc `eivik phrk ck ilpeif` `utklàtif`lhcth quh j`m` bh hsk uc lhcs`ah k quh rhfkckzf` hc ée ‖ `e lhcks d`ak e` gkrl` bh prhmuct`- su prkpi` hcucfi`fiöc, làs `eeà bhe hcucfi`bk quh ée prkbufh. @sì, `emucks j`c pkbibk vhcir ` fkcsuet`r sic f`si gkrlue`r su quha`, bh t`ctk phcs`r quh he s`dhr hst`d` hcthr`lhcth rhlitibk `e Ktrk, j`st` t`e puctk quh p`rhfì` d`st`rehs fkc prhshct`rsh bhe`cth bh uc `c`eist` p`r` quh hctkcfhs ck tuvihr`c làs quh hsphr`r bh ée e` rhskeufiöc bh uc prkdehl` quh  prkd`dehlhcth ck rhfkckfì`c rhfkckfì`c fklk prkpik. Ck sh tr`t` tr`t`,, hc hsth f`sk, bh tr`csghrh tr`csghrhcfi` cfi` bh s`dhr, sick bh uc ―bhpösitk“ bh s`dhr quh fkcfihrch `e sìctkl` hc mhchr`e y ck `e sìctkl` hc su p`rtifue`rib`b. Vi hsth s`dhr y` hstà rhlitibk `e Ktrk, he sìctkl` ck fkceehv` shctibk p`r` he suahtk. Hst` sudahtiv`fiöc bh e` quha` hs uc tihlpk chfhs`rik y  prhvik p`r` quh he p`fihcth puhb` vkevhrsh `c`eiz`cth. Grhub ck hximì` lhcks bhe  p`fihcth1 hr` chfhs`rik ―quh `fhpth e` rhme` gucb`lhct`e j`fiécbksheh phrfidir quh s`dh làs bh ek quh bifh“61 supksifiöc bh s`dhr, hctkcfhs.

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 Grhub, Vimlucb, ―E` icifi`fiöc bhe tr`t`lihctk“, 0906, Kdr`s Fklpeht`s

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@blit`lks quh e` supksifiöc bh s`dhr y` hstà prhshcth, quh he hcghrlk vh làs `eeà bh su hcghrlhb`b, y quh sh prhmuct` skdrh ktr` fks`, skdrh ée> hs chfhs`rik t`ldiéc quh fihrtk bhshk hsté prhshcth, uc bhshk bh s`dhr, bh `grkct`r uc s`dhr quh sh supkch  phrk quh ck sh fkckfh. He suahtk sh hcfuhctr` `eeì fkc uc shmucbk kdstàfuek1 fklk f`b` uck bh cksktrks, sh frhh iclkrt`e. Hsth s`dhrsh mr`vhlhcth hcghrlk ck fkceehv` sihlprh hst` frhhcfi`, quizàs lhcks quh e` luhrth bh uc shr quhribk. Hc uc thxtk bh Grhub, fkcthlpkràchk bh e` muhrr` 02-0:, sh hcfuhctr` hst` fkcsibhr`fiöc1 quh ―f`b` uck bh cksktrks tihcbh fkc tkb`s su guhrz`s ` shp`r`r e` luhrth, ` heilic`re` bh cuhstr` vib` ^…\ Cuhstr` luhrth cks hs irrhprhshct`deh y, hc su icfkcsfihcth, f`b` uck bh cksktrks hstà phrsu`bibk bh su  prkpi` iclkrt`eib`b“2. Bifjk bh ktrk lkbk, bh e` luhrth, y skdrh tkbk bh cuhstr` prkpi` luhrth, ck quhrhlks s`dhr c`b`> prhghrilks frhhr hc cuhstr` iclkrt`eib`b. i clkrt`eib`b.  Ck quhrhr s`dhr c`b` hs uc kdstàfuek p`r` he psifk`càeisis, pkr supuhstk. Hs uc kdstàfuek quh f`b` `càeisis hcfuhctr`, f`b` `c`eiz`cth y f`b` `c`eist`. _hrk, p`r` he suahtk mr`vhlhcth hcghrlk, he kdstàfuek hs bkdehlhcth bigìfie bh skdrheehv`r1 eufj` fkctr` e` hcghrlhb`b fkc tkb`s sus guhrz`s, fkctr` e` luhrth quh sihcth làs pröxil` y hst` eufj` chfhsit` bh fihrt` bhchm`fiöc bh e` luhrth p`r` uc` l`ykr hgif`fi`. @bhlàs, he hcghrlk puhbh j`fhr pih hc he bisfursk lébifk p`r` bhsfkckfhr e` luhrth y bhchm`re`1 pkrquh hsth ñetilk `girl` y skstihch quh, bhe`cth bh t`e k fu`e fklpeif`fiöc, sihlprh j`y `emk p`r` j`fhr> `sì, e` bhchm`fiöc bh e` luhrth hs fklp`rtib` fkc he hquipk tr`t`cth,`emuihc `e lhcks bur`cth tihlpk. Hs quh uc` e`fkcst`t`fiöc »fölk pkbrì` tr`t`rsh, si ckucbhsfkckfihr` hcghrlhb`b ybhcke` uc` quh frìtif`1 sh hstà `ghft`bk fkcbufh icheuft`dehlhcth ` e` luhrth; »Y fölk uc lébifk pkbrì` fur`r si ck e` bhsfkckfihr` uc pkfk imu`elhcth; Grhub viviö fkc uc fàcfhr eks ñetilks quicfh `ðks bh su vib`. Eh j`dì` jhfjk  prklhthr ` su lébifk ck bha`rek sugrir icñtielhcth fu`cbk he lklhctk eehm`r`. He Br. Vfjur fuhct` quh he 40 bh shptihldrh bh 0969, Grhub eh rhfkrbö su prklhs`, jhfj` 0? `ðks `cths. ―@jkr`, ck hs làs quh uc` tkrtur`, y ck tihch làs shctibk“8. Luhrh bks bì`s làs t`rbh, `sistibk pkr Vfjur y su jia` @cc`. »Fuàctks hcghrlks quh s`diécbksh `quha`bks bh uc` hcghrlhb`b lkrt`e birimhc uc` bhl`cb` shlha`cth ` su lébifk k ` sus pröailks; Y skdrh tkbk »Fuàctks hctrh heeks sh ek rhfuhrb`c ` su lébifk fu`cbk eehm` he lklhctk; He bhshk bh s`dhr, he quh hlpua` ` j`fhr uc `càeisis, ilpeif` thchr hc fuhct` su  prkpi` luhrth, y ck j`fhr bh hee` uc ilp`ssh. E` t`rh` `c`eìtif`, quh hs e` bh uc suahtk quh quihrh heufib`r su bhshk, k frhh quhrhrek, hs uc` t`rh` quh tihch hc fuhct` e` bilhcsiöc lkrt`e bhe suahtk. He hcghrlk hstà bkdehlhcth ilphbibk hc su bhshk bh s`dhr> fklk f`b` uck `e pricfipik> y rhsisth `e ehv`ct`lihctk bh e` rhprhsiöc, sh kpkch icfeusk, hc uc ―ck quhrhr s`dhr c`b`“ hc he prkfhsk `c`eìtifk, y làs p`rtifue`rlhcth su bhchm`fiöc bh e` luhrth eh ilpkch gkf`eiz`r tkb`s sus guhrz`s psìquif`s hc e` eufj` fkctr` e` hcghrlhb`b. E` `ghft`fiöc bhe fuhrpk, hc e` hcghrlhb`b, rhprhshct` he hquiv`ehcth bh uc` pérbib` bh kdahtk y hctkcfhs ck hs r`rk fkcst`t`r eks simcks, bhsbh e` rh`ffiöc d`c`e bh buhek, j`st` e` bhprhsiöc làs prkgucb`. Feìcif`lhcth, sh kdshrv` grhfuhcthlhcth he simuihcth thrc`rik, hc `emñc lklhctk bh e` hvkeufiöc1 -  uc `ghftk bhprhsivk làs k lhcks l`rf`bk fkc uc shctilihctk bh pérbib`, icfeusk, he shctilihctk bh shr `d`cbkc`bk pkr he Ktrk> 2 8

 

 Grhub, Vimlucb ―Fkcsibhr`fikchs `ftu`ehs skdrh e` muhrr` y e` luhrth“ (0908), Kdr`s Fklpeht`s  Vfjurt, L, ―E` luhrth hc e` vib` bh Vimlucb Grhub“, M`eeil`rb, _`rìs, 09=8

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-  sh `mrhm`c e` `cmusti` y e` fuep`dieib`b, pkcihcbk hc auhmk e` phrfhpfiöc bh uc` g`et` sudahtiv`, ` vhfhs `utkrrhprkfjhs> -  gic`elhcth, p`r` s`eir bh hst` g`sh, he hsguhrzk bh fkcstruir uc shctibk, susfhptideh bh vkevhr eömifk ek icshcs`tk bhe l`e quh sh icsfridh hc he fuhrpk. Hs hc hsth thrfhr tihlpk quh he p`fihcth puhbh birimirsh ` uc psifk`c`eist`> hc hsth hsguhrzk pkr b`r shctibk, j`y eum`r p`r` uc` icthrrkm`fiöc, p`r` uc bhshk bh s`dhr. Vi hs vhrb`b quh ―he psifk`càeisis prkfhbh pkr uc rhmrhsk `e shctibk bh e` `ffiöc“, fklk ek bifh E`f`c7, y quh ―`puct` ` e` rhe`fiöc bh e` `ffiöc fkc he bhshk quh e` j`dit`“, hctkcfhs, e` icthrrkm`fiöc quh eehv` f`b` icbivibuk - hcghrlk hc su fuhrpk k ck - skdrh he shctibk bh sus `ffikchs hs uc p`sk j`fi` he `càeisis. Hs pkr hsk quh yk pihcsk quh hs chfhs`rik mui`rsh pkr hst` icbif`fiöc bh E`f`c y fkcsibhr`r quh ek quh j`ditu`elhcth sh ee`l` ―bhprhsiöc“ puhbh bhgicirsh fklk uc` rhcucfi` ` icthrrkm`r he shctibk bh e` `ffiöc y su rhe`fiöc fkc he bhshk. E` bhprhsiöc, hc hsth shctibk, hs uc kdstàfuek `e bhshk bh s`dhr. Fklprhcbhlks hctkcfhs, quh he `ghftk bhprhsivk quh `fklp`ð` t`c ` lhcubk e` hcghrlhb`b sklàtif` kdst`fueifh quh he suahtk sh biria` ` uc psifk`c`eist`. Hs chfhs`rik, sic bub`s, quh he lklhctk sh` dihc hehmibk  p`r` quh hst` birhffiöc sh` `ef`cz`b`, quh ck sh` söek pkrquh ―chfhsit` j`de`r“> j`y j`de`r y j`de`r. Hs chfhs`rik quh làs `eeà bhe rh`e bh eks jhfjks, bh e` hcghrlhb`b y bhe sugrilihctk bhe fuhrpk, he suahtk sh` ee`l`bk ` icthrrkm`rsh. Fu`cbk su lébifk s`dh bhthft`r hsh lklhctk y `tr`p`r e` kpkrtucib`b, hctkcfhs he birimirsh ` uc psifk`c`eist` tihch `emuc` fj`cfh bh shr hxitksk.

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 E`f`c, he Vhlic`rik, Eidrk = , ―E` étif` bhe psifk`càeisis“, _`ibös.

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