Sifat Mampu Las Dari Besi Cor

Oleh: Dana Citra Wijaya Ikbal Rijalul Fikri Andri Septian Permadi Tobamas Sonjaya Silalahi Mahasiswa Mahasi swa Teknik Teknik Metalurgi Metalu rgi FT-UNJANI

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1. PENDAHULUAN Langkah pertama memilih jenis pengelasan untuk besi cor 

Menentukan jenis pengelasan dan elektroda

Menentukan proses prewelding dan prawelding

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Tabel

1.1 Klasifikasi dari besi cor secara penamaan komersial berdasarkan Struktur  mikro dan bentuk patahan [1]

Penamaan komersial

Fasa yang mengandung karbon

Kelabu

Grafit lamelar

Nodular

Grafit speroidal

Grafit Kompak

Grafit kompak

Matriks

(A)

Patahan

Struktur akhir   setelah

P

Abu-abu

F, P, A

Perak keabu-

Pembekuan atau

abuan

Perlakuan Panas

F, P

Abu-abu

P, M

P u t ih

Pembekuan

Pembekuan

vermicular P u t ih

Fe3C

Pembekuan dan Perlakuan Panas (B)

Berc Be rcor orak ak (Mo (Mott ttle led) d)

Graf Gr afit it lam lamel elar ar +

P

Bercorak

Pembekuan

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2.

Klasifikasi Besi Cor 

Dahulu pengelompokan patahannya: Besi cor putih

besi

cor

berdasarkan

pada

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Setelah ditemukan metalografi, pengelompokan besi cor meningkat: Bentuk Bentuk graf grafit it : lamelar lamelar,, spher spheroida oidal, l, kompak, kompak, dan temper temper.. Matriks Matriks : feritik, feritik, perl perlitik itik,, auste austeniti nitik, k, marte martensit nsitik ik dan bainit bainitik. ik. Pengelompokan berasal dari pabrik yang paling banyak digunakan: Besi Besi cor umum : untuk untuk aplikasi aplikasi tujuan tujuan umum (tidak (tidak dipadu dipadu atau atau sedikit paduan) Besi Besi cor cor khus khusus us : untuk untuk aplikas aplikasii khus khusus us (umumny (umumnya a padu paduan an tinggi)

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Besi Cor  Kelabu

Biasa iasan nya memi memilliki iki kada kadarr karb karbo on

2,5

- 4%

Juml Jumlah ah siliko silikon n yang yang rela relati tiff ting tinggi gi (1-3 (1-3%) %) dipe diperl rluka ukan n untuk untuk mempro mempromos mosikan ikan grafit grafit Kecepa Kecepatan tan pembek pembekuan uan lambat lambat ± sedang sedang

Grafit Grafit berbe berbentu ntuk k serpih serpihan an

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Biasa iasan nya memi memilliki iki kada kadarr karb karbo on

Besi Cor Putih

2.5

- 3%

Juml Jumlah ah sili siliko kon n deng dengan an kad kadar ar ren renda dah h (0.5 (0.5 ± 1.5% 1.5%)) Kecepatan Kecepatan pembekuan pembekuan tinggi tinggi

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Bahan Bahan baku baku besi besi cor puti putih h

Besi Maleabel

Perlakuan Perlakuan panas panas terdiri terdiri dari dari grafitisasi grafitisasi dan pendinginan Pemben Pembentuka tukan n grafit grafit di atas atas

T

Karb arbida ida p grafit dan austenit

eutektoid

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Kand Kandun unga gan n karbo karbon n 3 ± 4%

Besi Nodular 

Sili Silikon kon 1.8 1.8 ±

2.8%

S dan dan P 10x 10x