Shopping Mall

Retail Outlets SHOPPING MALLS A shopping shopping mall, shopping shopping centre, shopping shopping precinct precinct or simply mall mall is one or more more buildi buildings ngs forming forming a comple complex x of  shops represent representing ing merchandis merchandisers, ers, with interconn interconnectin ecting g walkways enabling visitors to easily walk from unit to unit, along with a parkin parking g area area – a modern modern,, indoo indoorr versio version n of the tradit tradition ional al marketplace. From early on, the design tended to be inwardfacing, with malls following theories of how customers could best be enticed in a controlled environment.  The main components of shopping mall are:

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Department stores/ Supermarkets/ Hypermarkets; which acts as the major revenue developing part of the mall.

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Stand alone stores: satellite stores within or surrounding the main building. Food courts Entertainment centers: theatre and/or gaming stations and/or and/or recrea recreatio tion n areas/ areas/ fun houses houses for attrac attractin ting g people.

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SHOPS

Design Data

Shops Shops include include spaces for selling (and in some cases servicing) servicing) goods, like grocery, fish and meat, consumer products, textiles,  jewelers, stationery, books, tools & equipments, toys, medicines, etc. The organization, organization, amenities, requirements requirements and circulation circulation pattern of shops differ according to the function and character of  the shop. Maximum height of shelf units in shops - 1.8m above floor level Minimum height of shelf units in shops – 0.3m above floor level

Circulation routes should begin at trolley pickups and end at the check outs in the case of larger shops.

Space should be provided for packing and unpacking of goods, preparation and packing (optional; depending on the kind of shop), and waste collection and disposal. The area should be accessible from the service outlet in the case of a grocery or supermarket.

wind, but at the same time bring in natural light. It aids airconditioning and must enable fire rescue services to break through.  The commonly used materials for the purpose are: Silicate glass panes/ pyramids Acrylic glass sheets/ domes Polycarbonate sheets/ vaults Intersecting skins containing synthetic fiber and like Fire resistant glass Curved glass (3-8mm thick) • • •

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Roof canopies could be used for specialized seating in atriums, food outlets, coffee shops, etc. to define the seating area and characterize its function.

Escalators- space requirement

FOOD COURTS

Length in plan: with 300 escalator- 1.732 x storey height with 350 escalator- 1.428 x storey height (Length of landing spaces extra, minimum 1.5m)

Food courts are large halls housing group of small outlets selling a Width: variety of specialist food products. Storage space for one day’s trade is adequate. There should be access from service outlet for delivery of  raw materials.

ATRIUM FEATURES Atriums acts as gathering spaces and provide spaces for setting up tent-shops, snack bars, displays, etc. that could easily attract customers.

 Transparent roofs and canopies  Transparent roof coverings provide shelter from rain, heat and

 Transportation capacity per hour: 60cm wide stairs: 5000-6000 people 80cm wide stairs: 7000-8000 people

1oocm wide stairs: 8000-10000 people

AMUSEMENT ARCADES  They are the chief customer attracting facility other than food courts that are provided in shopping malls. They usually follow a pay and play system.

PARKING Min. turning angle for passenger cars for adequate visibility: 240 from straight line Min. Ramp gradient: 1:10

Perpendicular parking: min. size- 2.5m x 5m (min. road width 6.5m) or 3m x 5m (min. road width 5m)

Clearance from overhead electric lines: Type Vertical clearance (m)

2.4

Horizo ntal cleara nce (m) 1.2

3.7

1.85

KMBR REGULATIONS Low and medium voltage lines High voltage lines up to & including 33kv Extra high voltage lines greater than 33kv

Kind of occupancy: F (Commercial/ Mercantile) Occupant load (gross area in sq.m./person): 3-6 Occupants per unit exit width: stairway- 50, doors- 75 Max. permissible F.A.R.: without fee 2, with fee (of rs.1000 per sq.m.) 2.5 Max. permissible site coverage: 60% Min. no. of parking required: 1 per each 50sq.m. of floor area or part thereof. Min. access width (for main entry): 12m

3.7+ 0.3 for every additional 33kv or part thereof.

1.85+ 0.3 for every additional 33kv or part thereof.

Fire escape staircase: Min. width 75cm Min. width of tread 15cm Max. height of riser 19cm Max. no. of risers in a single flight 16 Min. height of handrail 100cm Fire escape staircase shall be constructed only in the exterior of the building & shall be connected directly to the ground. •

Setbacks: Front yard: Avg. 3m with min. 1.8m (up to 10m height)+ 0.5m for every consequent height of 3m. •

Rear yard: Avg. 2m with min. 1m (up to 10m height) + 0.5m for every consequent height of 3m. •

Side yards: min. 1.2m on one side and 1m at the other (up to 10m height)+ 0.5m for every consequent height of 3m Fire engine pathway of 5m width around the building is mandatory for type F buildings.

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Waste water should not be directly sent to drain. Should provide primary water treatment plant.

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International Aerodrome vicinity height restrictions: b/w 2.438km and 3.048km- 12m Lift: 1 for every building exceeding 4 stories having plinth area more than 2500sq.m. + 1 for every 2500sq.m. or part thereof for excess area.

Service entry to be provided separately.

Min. no. of toilets: For men- 1 WC for every 25 0r part thereof  1 urinal for every 25 or part thereof  For women: 1 WC for every 15 or part thereof  Min. no. of wash basins: 1 on each floor Min. no. of bath: not necessary

BIBLIOGRAPHY Ernst & Peter Neufert -   Architects' Data (revised edition); Blackwell science publishers, London, England, 2001 •

 Thomas H Russ - Site Planning and Design; McGrawHill Handbooks Architecture; 2002 •

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Donald Watson, Michael J. Crosbie, John Hancock CallenderTime Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data: McGraw Hill print works; 1999 Dominic Johnson, George Johnson - Kerala Municipality Building Rules 2010 compilation; Law Book Shop, Kochi; 2010 •