Download Sexto Semestre. - Guía Didáctica Del Docente. - Ecología...
!"#$#%&' ) *+,-# ./0-+12+
_________________________ __________________ _______ !"#$ &'&()*')$ &+, &-)+.*+ /+0*- /+1+/*2+
&$*-/ &+, &-)+.*+ 3#/04+56666666666666666666666666666666666667$'12+$566666 8+/+924+5 6666 :4;566666666666666 :4;5 66666666666666 ?;41#5 66666666
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
1
)-,+!'- &+ 3$)4',,+2+/ &+ *$3$/)!"#$% '#()!$ !(#"*+', #$-#*./', @-4+"2#4 :+1+4'$ 0%1% )$+2( 341', 2,5/2'#-$ @-4+"2#4' ."',A/-"' !"#(% .2)'33' $326(#') !$#(3') 8;0,-4+"2#4' ."',A/-"' !"#(% (3'7(+-#2+( 3()"#( 0$3$#(-$ B+C+ ,+ @+?956@AB? +C=?>A5D EFH EFH ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGffGGUg ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGffGGUg WGJ 74-1"-?956@AB? +C=?>A5D GFH JGX @+9'44#$$# 8;92+12'0$+ ) 9;9 D/A5D HFE HFE ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGffffWWg XGW F+";49#9 3'2;4'$+9ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGGWJK HFG ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGWJb $=>?956@AB? +C=?>A5D HFG XGJ V+%-9$'"-M1 V +%-9$'"-M1 ./0-+12'$ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGGffffffffffGWXK HFH fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGfffWUb $=>?956@AB? +C=?>A5D HFH XGX !1+4%&'9 .$2+41'NH'9ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGfW]K .$2+41'NH'9ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGfW]K F!T!F!3OD.8 QDQVDP:FhTDO.8ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffWaK QDQVDP:FhTDO.8ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffWaK .3!iP8fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffGfffffffGGWa\
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
4
J>?C?9KA7689 V' ?KA OA=>D=6A5DCF ?P6K? P?9CAB?C =?>U9?9K?C ?9 56CU9KDC 7D9K?ZKDC P?56A9K? LA TUL6@A7689 5? P?56DCR 7856MDC O \?>>AP6?9KAC )!WFE !k>DLLD CTCK?9KAQL? CD9: /D76AL: 74+2+1,+ 9'N9C'"+4 $'9 ,+/'1,'9 ,+ 1+"+9-,',+9 0[9-"'9 "#/# H-H-+1,'I '$-/+12#I H+9N,#G . 9; /D76AL: 74+2+1,+ H+Lr ^;-+4+ ';/+12'4 $' "'$-,', ,+ H-,' ,+ $' S;/'1-,', '9+%;4'1,# +/A JAK>676A 2DP?>D 1A5?>A
79
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
80
3LDVT? ''F !924;"2;4' ,+ $' 3'2;4'$+L' + D/8i7AC jiMT>A GFEGk I +1 $'9 ^;+ $#9 +9$'0#1+9 9+ ;1+1 /+,-'12+ o+"S'9I $'9 ";'$+9 9-%1-e"'1 †+9 "#/-,# ?`A77689 =TK>?`A77689 j\TPTCkR j\TPTCkR $$+H',# ' "'0# 8M?9D !$ 3-24M%+1# +9 ;1# ,+ $#9 +$+/+12#9 /[9 '0;1,'12+9 ,+$ "'0# 'G !92#9 "#/MA96CPDC 5?C7DP=D9?5D>?CG 5?C7DP=D9?5D>?CG T-1'$/+12+I +9 -/A9C=D>KA5A =D> LA LLTS6A O ?L S6?9KD ' S6?9KD ' $#9 4 ) /'4+9I ,#1,+ $'9 +9 )D95?9CA7689: $'9 "#44-+12+9 ,+ '-4+ 9+ +1"'4%'1 ,+ 24'19T776D9?C: 8+$+""-#1+ +$ ,+9"4-6DC
+Z7?L?9K? jEb =KCFk
3T?9D j_ =KCFk
/T`676?9K? jY =KCFk
'9CT`676?9K? jX =KCFk
/69 ?S65?976A jb =KCFk
'gW@B9?9GA SF_X9?H V' /'^;+2' /;+924' ,+ /'1+4' ',+";',' $#9 C'"2#4+9 ?AC .AKT>AL?C J>DK?M65ACF h4+'9 3'2;4'$+9 7#9-NH'9G aFu m;T[ ?C ?L 5?CA>>DLLD CTCK?9KAQL?n !9 +$ AK?M6A =A>A ?CKAQL?7?> T9A >?LA7689 ?9K>? 9T?CK>DC \cQ6KDC O ?CULDC 5? S65AR 7D9 LDC =>DQL?PAC APQ6?9KAL?CF .$ C6QL?: @+6D567D: @+?956@AB?: $=>?956@AB?: ?'0$' @+9"4-T776D9?C: D,+1Ne^;+ =k> +$ ";/M?L
128
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
129
3LDVT? '''F D/? ?L 7APQ6D 7L6PcK67DF )D9S?96D 5? LAC .A76D9?C "965AC 5? LT7\A 7D9K>A LA 5?C?>K6`67A7689 ?9 LDC =ANC?C A`?7KA5DC =D> C?VTNA M>AS? D 5?C?>K6`67A7689F J>DKD7DLD 5? •6DKDF
H-H#9 /#,-C-"',#9 VT?C ?7DL8M67DCR ?C7?9A>6DC O T>QA9DCF
7+9"',#4+9 +1 $' $'%;1' 8'1 D9-,4# +$ B#0#I F+9+4H' ,+ $' Q-#9C+4' 7'12'1#9 ,+ O+12$'I ?ZG '0'9"#G *#12'$H#sE4%+$I =JKWJ>G
V'%;1' 7;12+','I F+9+4H' ,+ $' Q-#9C+4' 7'12'1#9 ,+ O+12$'I ?'0'9"#G *#12'$H#sE4%+$I ZG =JKWJ>G =JKWJ>G
V'%;1' ,+ $'9 D$;9-#1+9 `-$$' Z+4/#9' ?'0'9"#G ?'0'9" *#12'$H#sE4%+$I ZG#G=JKW]>G
F+9+4H' !"#$M%-"' _;sQ'$"'SI ?'0'9"#G :'4"&'s`-,'$I :G =JKWb>
F+9+4H' +"#$M%-"' ODO3 _E*Y.mI
7'4^;+ V'%;1' ,+ Q'"'$'4G `'$+1L;+$'I `'$+1L; +$'I .G =JKWg>G =JKWg> G
7A4+LI YG =JKWb>G
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
136
l?5?>AL?C
JA>VT?C 9A76D9AL?CF
+CKAKAL?C
JA>VT?C ?CKAKAL?CF
1T9676=AL?C
ID9AC 5? SALD> ?C7[967D OqD >?7>?AK6SDCF
7'4^;+ 3'"-#1'$ O'jM1 ,+$ 8;/-,+4#G T$#4+9I @G =JKWb>G
O'9"',' +1 +$ 7'4^;+ +92'2'$ '%;' Q$'1"'I *'";9G
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
137
l?5?>AL?C
(>?AC 5? =>DK?77689 5? ]D>A O `AT9A€ CA9KTA>6DCF
+CKAKAL?C
fA>569?C 5? >?M?9?>A7689 D 7D9C?>SA7689 5? ?C=?76?CF
*'1%$'4+9 +1 $' V'%;1' ,+ !$ OS'4"# ,+$ D1%+1-# B'4,&1 B '4,&1 Q#2[1-"#G ?A4/-1#9 +1 O'/N )AK?MD>NA .AKT>AL +CK>67KA: h4+' /'1+c',' SA (>?A (>?A /6LS? /6LS?CK>? CK>?:: h4+' ?AC .AKT>AL?C J>DK?M65AC 5?7>?KA5AC ?9 1[Z67D !1 $' iMT>A iMT>A HF_ HF_ 9+ 9+ /;+924' +$ /' ?AC .AKT>AL?C J>DK?M65AC ^;+ J>DK?M65AC ^;+ "#1C#4/'1 $' 2?M689 JLA9676? )DCK?>A O !DL`D 5? 1[Z67DR $'9 1[Z67DR $'9 ";'$+9 9;/'1 9;/'1 GR HEbR Eab \?7Kc>?ACR +124+ $'9 ^;+ ,+92'"'1: ,+92'"'1: •
•
JA>VT?C .A76D9AL?C: 7'4^;+ 3'"-#1'$ O'jM1 ,+ F&# Q$'1"#I 7'4^;+ 3'"-#1'$ 7-"# ,+ P4-L'0'I 7'4^;+ 3'"-#1'$ O#04+ ,+ 7+4#2+I 7'4^;+ 3'"-#1'$ 8-92+/' .44+"-C'$ `+4'"4;L'1#G `+4'"4;L'1#G (>?AC 5? 5? J>DK?77689 J>DK?77689 5? lLD>A O lAT9A: h4+' ,+ 74#2+""-M1 ,+ T$#4' ) T';1' V'%;1' ,+ ?A4/-1#9I h4+' ,+ 74#2+""-M1 ,+ T$#4' ) T';1' O'jM1 ,+ E9;/'"-12'I h4+' ,+ 74#2+""-M1 ,+ T$#4' ) T';1' V'%;1'I ) @+$2' ,+$ F&# Q4'H#I h4+' ,+ 74#2+""-M1 ,+ T$#4' ) T';1' 8-92+/' .44+"-C'$ V#0#9 s?;kSAC 5? LA 36DC`?>A: F+9+4H' ,+ $' Q-#9C+4' 8-+44' ,+ ?'/';$-?C?>SAC ?7DL8M67ACR 7TAK>D =A>VT?C ?CKAKAL?CR T9 PD9TP?9KD 9AKT>ALR T9 c>?A 5?CU9A5A SDLT9KA>6AP?9K? A LA 7D9C?>SA7689R T9A >?C?>SA 5? LA Q6DC`?>A O T9 c>?A 5? =>DK?77689 5? ]D>A O `AT9A je%;4' je%;4' XGWWkF XGWWkF *>?7? 5? ?LLAC CD9 $.J ?CKAKAL?C O 5DC $.J `?5?>AL?C je%;4' j e%;4' XGWJkF XGWJkF
l6MF HFEEF h4+'9 3'2;4'$+9 74#2+%-,'9 ,+ ?'0'9"# ?'0'9" # G
. "#1N1;'"-M1I 2+ D HFHk "#1 $'9 [4+'9 1'2;4'$+9 AC HFEY O HFE^>G HFE^>G @+92'"'1 G
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
145
!1 $' iMT>A HFE_ 9+ HFE_ 9+ 'G
m;T6?>? CAQ?> PcC A7?>7A 5? LAC $.J VT? ?Z6CK?9 ?9 1[Z67Dn e6C6K? ?L C6MT6?9K? ?C=A76D A K>AS[C 5?L ;2 D LA L6MAF
,6CKA5D 5? $.JC 5? 1[Z67DF
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
146
3LDVT? '''F D/?C 5? LDC ?CKT56A9K?C: .DPQ>? 5?L &D7?9K?: &D7?9K?: EF ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo GF ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 666666666 666666666666666666 6666666666666666666 6666666666666666666 666666666 HF HF 66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 WF WF 66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 XF XF 66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 YF YF 66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 /?P?CK>?: a2#G a2#G !>T=D: *T>9D: l?7\A 5? A=L67A7689: )DP=?K?976AC !?9[>67AC: )DP=?K?976AC &6C76=L69A>?C: O: WWGW O@Q! X O: WWGJ O@Q! WW +S65?976A 5? $=>?956@AB?: $=>?956@AB?: D1C#%4'C&'5 \uF;HB +HD=FHI;B 1F@D;S9EHB E; "HPHB?@] '9CK>T776D9?C: ?C
1TO Q6?9 jG =KCFk
$5?7TA5D /T`676?9K? jEFXzk jE =Fk
'9CTu `676?9K? jbFX =T9KDk
V' -1C#%4'C&' "#44+9 ,+ ?'0'9"#I +92'2'$+9 # C+,+4'$+9 =$-92',# 8+"4+2'4&' ,+ Q-+1+92'4> + -1"$;)+ ;1' ,+9"4->DLLD /TCK?9KAQL? /TCK?9KAQL?
[email protected]! !87!F.@P X ?9`D7A5AC A CDLT76D9A> lD>PTLA LA ?i76?976A 5? A776D9?C CTCK?9KAQL?C ?9`D7A5AC =>DQL?PcU7AC APQ6?9KAL?CR A=D>KA95D A=D>KA95D 65?AC O 5?PDCK>A95D LA 6P=D>KA976A 5? LDC >?7T>CDC 9AKT>AL?C ?9 CT LD7AL65A5F
OP3?!3D@P5 HFHF +9?>MNAC $LK?>9AUS $LK?>9AUSAC AC XGXGW +H'$;'"-M1 ,+ 9+$+""-#1','=9>G %+#%4[e"'=9 9+$+""-#1','=9>G
7'4' $' '4%;/+12'"-M1 ,+ +92+ +19')#I 9+ 9;%-+4+ $' $+"2;4' { 'A;FSTHB F;A@OHPI;Bc v$W?9GA F;HI WHFH IH S;A;FH?9GA ;I>?DF9?H ;A !>g9?@w] ,+ B#4%+ *G Z;'";LI +$ ";'$ 9+ +1";+124' +1 +$ .3!iP UI # +1 +$ 9-%;-+12+ +1$'"+G !9"'1++ +$ "M,-%# lF # 9+$+""-#1+ $' $-%'5
F1$,G;'& ,$1)2'C*$&H I)5:/A1 ,$'* 5',' *' G$1$,':/A1 $*J:0,/:' $1 KJ./:)L
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
XG F+"#/-+1,+ F+"#/-+1,+ 2'/0-A1 ' $#9 +92;,-'12+9 +92;,-'12+9 4+H-9'4 /[9 -,+'9 9#04+ $' +924;"2;4' ,+ ;1 +19')#I 4+"#/+1,'/#9 $' 9-%;-+12+ %;&' G +2"G>G
•
:+1+4'"-M1 ,+ '%;'9 4+9-,;'$+9 4+9-,;'$+9 ='$"'12'4-$$'9 ='$"'12'4-$$'9 ,#/A9N"'9 ,#/A9N"'9 # -1,;924-'$+9>G -1,;924-'$+9>G
•
:+1+4'"-M1 ,+ 4+9-,;#9 9M$-,#9 ;40'1#9G
•
74#,;""-M1 ,+ '$-/+12#9 '$-/+12#9 )‚# "#/+4" "#/+4"-'$-L'"-M1 -'$-L'"-M1 ,+ '$-/+12#9 '$-/+12#9 =%'1',+4&' +k2+19-H'I +k2+19-H'I '%4-";$2;4'I "#/-,' '$2'/+12+ G
0> D,+1Ne^;+1 + -1H+9N%;+1 -1H+9N%;+1 $' $' $+%-9$'"-M1 '/0-+12'$ '/0-+12'$ /+k-"'1' 'G 09?I@B h9@S;@?DF9?HG ;I>?DF9?HG ./0-+12;/ 7#42'$ V&,+4 *+,-#'/0-+12+G S„G *'"4#-1H+42+04'2+s~##, '99#"-'N#19 ,;4-1% ,+"') #C @-'4-# Pe"-'$ ,+ $' T+,+4'"-M1G @!OF!?P G !1+4%&'9 '$2+41'NH'9 =3#G XXXGgb @agW+>G *',4-,I !85 !^;-G =JKK\>G .=9E;I9A;B X@F HWWIC9AS WF@D;?D;E HF;H :HAHS;:;AD ?HD;S@F9;BG ?HD;S@F9;BG D;"1G 'I X=D=F@ E; IH ;A;FSTHG ;A;FSTHG =JKW\I WJ 9+G ‘`&,+#’G _#;?;0+G S„G !"#$#%&' ) /+,-# '/0-+12+ =XG' +,G>G 7+'49#1 !,;"'N#1G :'4"&'I BG =JKW]> '?@I@STH C !;E9@ H:P9;AD;G H:P9;AD;G V#c'I !";',#45 !@DVPB. !@DVPB. O&'
164
ECOLOGÍA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
Guía Didáctica del Docente.
:'4"&' 8''H+,4'I BG @G ) .G B'-/+9 F#,4&%;+LG =Wbbg>G @+4+"S# +"#$M%-"# /+k-"'1#G *Ak-"#5 !,-2#4-'$ E1-8#1G :-$$+9G @+e1-1% -12+41'N#1'$$) G :;+44+4#I BG =JKWgI Jg ,-"-+/04+>G 'I WHFF9?H 3HUAH B; ?@ABDF=C; ;A $HgH?H| II;OH Rm} E; HOHA?;G HOHA?;G 7+4-#,-9/# S;/'1# "#1 /-9-M1 9#"-'$G S„I gsW]G 7G =JKWaI WJ C+04+4#>G 'A;FSTHB F;A@OHPI;BG F;A@OHPI;BG %#0G/k %#0G/kGG S„I ]UsgXG F+1#H'0$+9I .G =JKWbI WW #"2;04+>G #;A@OHPI;B ;A ;I :=AE@ C ;A '=F@WHG '=F@WHG .77. F+1#H'0$+9G S„
