Seven Quality Control Tools

$0;03":,943974%448



      

!,7094,3,88 4.,798 0.80098 8947,28 $.,9907/,7,28 43974.,798 8-430/,7,2





'170/4!,7094,8,39,,3 0.43428943490/9,9 ,55742,90410,9,8 430/-434190545:,943 %8,897:03,2489,90 84.0908089:/0/



!,7094,3,88 

44839048925479,39,30894,0



!,7094,3,888,;07825090.36:09,90584:94 .44809024890110.9;0.,308942,0



9:80890!,7094573.50 90/0,9,9-/4341 474:.,30307,904190,/;,39,041/4390 039704-



!,7094,3,888,1472,90.36:014713/390.,308 9,9;090-089-030198



98:801:0702,35488-0.4:780841,.943,70 .4250931474:7,9903943









98,89,989.,90.36:03/0.843 2,39,98:80/1478 2,39,98:80/147800.94 00.94341, 341, 290/3:2-07419,889 290/3:2-07419,889,9574/:.0 ,9574/:.0 831.,394;07,0110.9 9:80890!,7094573.50 90/0,9,9 -/43 41474:.,30307,90 4190,/;,39,041/4 4190,/;,39,041/439003970 39003970  4- 7390728416:,92574;02039,,70 2,47941574-028,70574/:.0/-,10 0.,:808 





!,7094,3,8 !,7094,3,888,1472,90.3 88,1472,90.36:0:801: 6:0:801: 0702,35488- 0702,35488-0.4:780841,.9 0.4:780841,.943,70 43,70 .4250931474:7,9903943 ,8.,9.43889841089 ,8.,9.438898410892,93 2,9390 90 -03019/0;070/-0,.,.9 -03019/0;070/-0,.,.9439 439 8:-806:039800.94341,3: 8:-806:039800.94341,3:2-074190 2-074190 24890110.9;0,.94389,9/0;0790949, -0301970,843,-.48094 -0301970,843,-.48094902,2: 902,2:2 2 5488-0430





790 7904:9,894190.,308 4:9,894190.,3084:.4:/ 4:.4:/

2,014:,;0,438974:59394 70,90/.,308 

%038.4709090284774:58%0 8.4732094/ 8.4732094 /4::80/0503/84390 4::80/0503/84390 847941574-024:,709739484;0





470,25014:,70973942574;0

57419,-94:4:/8.4704594384390 57419,-94:4:/8.470459438 4390 -,884190574190,.74:529 0307,90 

14:,70973942574;0.:894207 8,981,.9434:298.4704390-,88 41903:2-0741.425,39802 41903:2-07 41.425,398023,90/- 3,90/- 0,..,30 



%01789.,30949,.08904309,9 ,8900898.470%8430;0 4:90-089-0301914:84;09



%045943899040898.4708 %04594389904 0898.4708  574-,-3490;03-0 574-,- 3490;03-0479-49073 479-490739 9 84;39080574-0282,.4894:2470 9,39084:9438,70479



,80$9:/ 2502039,94341!,7094,3,88



1,3807;.0.03907   

!4308,7043,38070/,1907 2,3738 $9,118002/897,.90/,3/:3/07 57088:70 330078/4349,550,794-00 47,30/%0300/80.43/;898 94-73097,5,798%820,389,9 .:8942078,;0949,024704/, 94-09070,80.43/920 



 

%0/434934,992090 ,77;0%820,389,9. ,77;0%820,389,9.:89420782, :89420782, ,;094-03, ,;094-03,/,147,303300794 /,147,303300794 ;89 $9,11202-078/4349,,880029434 ,990,70/43 $42092080389,11202-078 $42092080389,11202-078,77;0 ,77;090 90 .:89420713/89,99 .:89420713/89,990574-02.4: 0574-02.4:/,;0 /,;0 -00384;0/4;07905430 

74:53$.47390574-028    

,.4189,1197,339028,3/ .425,398 %441089,119028,3/ .425,398 !44747,3,943,3/5705,7,943902  .425,398 /4390!,7094,3,88,-4;090 2,3,07.,3-099078009,990;,89 2,47941574-028.,3-084;0/- 2574;389,1188



 



3.0988/43092,-0479443 ,93.70,83903:2-074 ,93.70,83903:2-074189,11202-078 189,11202-078 9073,9;0,889,11202-078 9073,9;0,889,11202-078-0.420 -0.420 2470,-09484;0574- 2470,-09484;0574-0284;0790 0284;0790 54302,-090300/1473089,11 202-0782,/0.30 9448,81.4220398435447 47,3,943,3/5705,7,9 47,3,943,3/5705,7,9432,-07,70 432,-07,70 ,3/.4:/-0.,:80/-574-028-043/ 902,3,078.43974 



.,7734:9,!,70943,8890 2,3,078,-09414.:84397,33 ,8,388:07,9079,38570,/3 0114794;0797,339,34330 89,11202-078,3/5488-389,3 ,30.425:90788902



4.,798 





4.,798,700,8 4.,798,700,894:3/0789,3/ 94:3/0789,3/ /,7,28843489058 /,7,288434890583,574.088 3,574.088 19940907 %82,08902:801:9448147 .422:3.,934574 .422:3.,934574.0880847, .0880847,3/ 3/ 147.0,7/4.:203934,5,79.:,7  4-8/430 :7907247090,.9412, :7907247090,.9412,553,574.088 553,574.088 4:9314.,791472,90584:.,71 4:7:3/0789,3/34190574.088,3/ 0584:93,-4:907090574.088 .,3-02574;0/ 

14.,798:80/94  



0130,3/,3,0574.08808 :/,8905-89055.9:704190 574.088147,3,88/8.:884347 .422:3.,943,3/ 013089,3/,7/04713/,70,8147 2574;020393,574.088



4942,0,14.,79  

48914.,798,702,/0:5419700 2,395084182-4 43,90/.7.08.83190 89,794703/41,574.088





0.9,308.843897:.9438 # 0.9,308.843897:.9438 47,.9438,3/



,243/8.84/0.84389,9 2:89-02,/0



 



930,.82-4790/43,9 9082-47057080398 %8.4:/-09089,79471384190 574.08890,.94394-09,0347 90/0.84394-02,/0 $2-48,70.4330.90/4309490 4907-,7748843901441 90574.088 

!4398943490 





4.,798,708 4.,798,708250/,7,289, 250/,7,289,92,5 92,5 4:9,574.088849,9 4:9,574.088849,99.,30,8 9.,30,8-0 -0 .422:3.,90/94490750450 %4/7,,14.,79-7,389472909,88 ,3//0.84382,/0/:73,574.088 ,3//0.84382,/0/:73,574.088,3/ ,3/ 790902/43347/07 %032,590804:9 %032,590804:9314.,791472, 314.,791472,9 9 :83,557457,9082-48147 :83,557457,9082-481479089,79 9089,79,3/ ,3/ 03/41,574.088147,.9 03/41,574.088147,.943894-09,03 43894-09,03 ,3/147/0.843894-02,/0 



3,.,0304:714.,7994 2,08:709,998,3,..:7,90 705708039,9434190574.088,3/ 9,99,997057080398902489 011.039,41/43904-



0.80098 



%039039,3/5:7548041.4 %039039,3/5:7548041.40.9 0.93/,9,8 3/,9,8 940907.43974 940907.4397490574/:.943574.088 90574/:.943574.08894 94 8009070,9438 8009070,94385-09003.,:80,3/ 5-09003.,:80,3/ 0110.94714790.439 0110.94714790.4393:4:82574; 3:4:82574;02039 02039 419480574.088089,9574 419480574.088089,9574/:.0,395041 /:.0,395041 /010.947343.4314723574/:.9 0.$0098:80/147 0.$0098:80/147905:7548041 905:7548041 .40.93/,9,94.425 .40.93/,9,94.425038:.,, 038:.,,,8 ,8 94-00,8:80/:3/078944/, 94-00,8:80/:3/078944/,3/,3, 3/,3,0/ 0/ ,:942,9., 





%00.$009,898-03 .425090/,.9:,-0.4208, 7,5.,705708039,9434190/,9, 4:,70.40.939:84:/4% 300/,3.425:9078419,7047 8570,/80099470.47/90/,9, 9.,3-0825/4309503.,3/ 5,507 

%02,31:3.9438 0.8  



!74/:.943574.088/897-:943.0.8  07090/897-:94308 010.9;0902.0.8 94/0907230 ,93/41/010.98089390 574.088 010.94.,943.0.8 94/0907230 07090.42243/010.9843,5,79 ,704.,90/ 





010.9;0. 010.9;0.,:80. ,:80.0.8 0.8 95041 /010.9,3/9:8;,/,9090.,:80 907041 0.:5.43172 0.:5.43172,943. ,943.0.8 0.8 13, 5,8041,8802-94.0.90 1380/574/:.94747



8947,28 

%0.42243507843-0 %0.42243507843-00;089,91,5,79 0;089,91,5,79 82,/032,88574/:.94 82,/032,88574/:.9431742, 31742, 2,.30,41905,798-00,.9 ,0



%097:989,90;03990-089412,.308 ,3/574.0880834945,798,700,.9908,20 %0574/:.9,;0,2,34720,3 850.1.,9432995:823:89407,3.09,9 89,9089,9,843,8905,798574/:.0/93 987,30949,97,3098,3,..059,-05,79





 

%04-0.98949909,709850.1.,943 40;079,98349,,8949,5488-0 %05:7548041,8947, %05:7548041,8947,28949 28949,090 ,090 /,9,9,98.4 /,9,9,98.40.90/1742,574.088, 0.90/1742,574.088,3/ 3/ 903/85,97,5., 903/85,97,5.,94;04 94;0490 90 /897-:9434190/,9,.0390789801 ,74:3/9020,3472,3850.1.,943



%08947,27,5.,84     

%0.039074190/,9, %08570,/4190/,9, 3/,9,8030888,39-,8477:3 ,9,3,30 %0570803.0414:9078574/:.9 4:98/090850.1.,9437,30 %0570803.0412:95024/0847 50,89390/,9, 

$.,9907/,7,28 

 

%0$.,9907,7,28,34907":,9%44 9,9.,3-0:80/94849070,94385 -090035,70//,9,,3 -090035,70//,9,,3/.,3574;/0 /.,3574;/0 2470:801:31472,943,-4:9,574/:.943 574.088 ,9820,39-5,70//,9, %09072.,:80,3/0110.970,94385 -09003943/841/,9, -09003943/841/,9,2,, 2,,8470107 8470107 94,70,9438 94,70,94385-09003430.,:80,3/ 5-09003430.,:80,3/ ,3490747-090034 ,3490747-09003430.,:80,3/80;07, 30.,:80,3/80;07, 49078 



470,2504:.4:/.438/0790 70,94385-09003,3 70,94385-09003,3370/039 370/039,3/90 ,3/90 574/:.9,7/3088-090039 574/:.9,7/3088-0900390.:993 0.:993 8500/41,-,/0,3/90;,7, 8500/41,-,/0,3/90;,7,9438 9438 4-807;0/3039415,7984790 70,94385-0900390:23,9430;08 4390574/:.94314 4390574/:.9431447,3/90289 47,3/90289,08 ,08 2,/036:,93850.9 2,/036:,93850.94341574/:.9 4341574/:.9 574/:.0/



43974.,798 



43974.,798,700307,:80/3, 574/:.943472,3:1,.9:73 03;7432039,3/,70:80/94.43974 243947,3/!# ',574.088 ',574.088 42243.,:808,70,,85708039 ,3/0307,,997-:90/942,.308 2,907,,3/920;8902507,9:70





%83472,9,08,2 %83472,9,08,2347,/:89203 347,/:89203994 994 90574.088942,090.4770. 90574.088942,090.4770.943,3/ 943,3/ 709:7390574.08894,3472,4:95:9



40;07032,3,.,309490574.0889 84:/,,8-0,# .,30 .,30



1,54984-807;0/9,9848,89 /0;,9439703/:5,7/47 /0;,9439703/:5,7/47/43,7/90 /43,7/90 90,3,/:89203984:/-0,89 .,30,3/903,349074-807; .,30,3/903,349074-807;,943 ,943 84:/-02,/0 





%4441903504504;07.4770.9- 2,3944-41,3,/:892039 .903.,:80890574.08894 /7,2,9.,8193904907 /70.943 479,970,843,.,3089490 574.08884:/-0$%,3/ # & & 

43974308     

.43974.,798,7,547.,79 929308.,0/.43974308 %070,70-,8.,97003/841 .43974308 90:5507.4397429& 90.0397,30,.9:,3423,80 41574/:.9 90407.4397429 

%0-,7# 43974,79 43974,79 



3-,7# 43974,7984309,9 43974,7984309,9 848-499020,3;,:0,3/ 907,30#   %0-,75479434190.,792,3 848,3.,30839020,3;,:0 4190574.088090# 547943 547943 848,3.,308390/850784341 90574.088 



%8.,7985,79.:,7:801:39,9 9848.,308320,3;,:0,3/ /85078434190574.088,9908,20 9202,39,;070110.9;0 2094/147.0.3,-3472,908 9390574.088,3/1.,790/0 35747088,84543984:9,574-02 390574/:.94314370,920 24/0 

8-430/,7,2   

,:80110.9,7,28 /03913900,:80841 !74-028 84.,0/8478-430,7,2 ,3/8,,,7,28







,:80,3/110.9,3,880584: 9493974:.,:80841,574-02 9474: %072,47-0301989,9905:8 4:94.438/07,5488-0.,:80841 90574-027,9079,3:8990 43089,9,7024894-;4:8



43.:843

