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YMYGÙK @ @M M BVTMK@GZBJM BVTMK@GZBJM 0 P P]CH P]CH @M CB CB YMYGÙK: G.

Chs aurhs `m ihktmkigùk

@BPHY GKEHTABPGUHY TMB

DGA

@HIMKPM

ABPMA AB PMAG PGIB GG.-YG GG.-YGP]BI P]BIG K YGOKGEGIB YGOKGEGIBPGUB PGUB @M CB ]KG@B@: ]KG@B@:

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EMINB @M @]TBIGÙK @]TBIGÙK OTB@H MJMI]IGÙK 76 agk

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GG. BVTMK@GZBJMY MYVMTB@HY IHAVMPMKIGB

IBVBIG@B@MY

GK@GIB@HTMY

  Tmihkhim rmcbighkms kh mxpcgigtbs dbsb`bs mk am`g`bs `m ehrabs, `mspcbzbagmkth y udgibigùk `m iumrphs, pbrb mxprmsbr abpbs h pcbkhs b msibcb (2)    Mxpcgib qum am`g`bs y sgtubighkms sm bemitbk h kh phr mc ibadgh `m msibcb   Mxprmsb cbs `gstbkigbs y am`g`bs `m

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 Bitúb y pgmksb Abtmabtgzb sgtubighkms abtmaâtgibamktm mk sgtubighkms `m ehrab, ahvgagmkth y chibcgzbigùk `m iumrphs.  Ihaukgib y rmprmsmktb

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g`mbs abtmaâtgibs  Tbzhkb y brouamktb omkmrbk`h g`mbs abtmaâtgibs 

GGG. GGG. YMI YMI]MK ]MKIGB IGB @G@ IPGIB IPGIB Gkgigh: (2= agkuths)

 

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pcbkhs h abpbs usbk`h msibcbs

Mxpcgib qum am`g`bs y sgtubighkms sm bemitbk h kh phr mc ibadgh `m msibcb  

 

- Mc `himktm `b cb dgmkvmkg`b b chs mstu`gbktms y rmbcgzb cbs sgougmktms prmouktbs: ¸Ruç pbsh mk mstbs vbibighkms mk kumstrb igu`b`8 ¸Ruç prhdcmabs ph`mahs khadrbrchs8 ¸Mxgstm bcoukb iucpb mk kumstrhs mstu`gbktms8¸Iùah ph`mahs byu`br b kumstrbs buthrg`b`ms8 ¡Rum mktgmk`mk shdrm uk aurh `m ihktmkigùk8¸Ruç ms ch qum rmprmsmktb uk abpb y uk pcbkh8¸Ruç `gemrmkigb nby mktrm uk pcbkh y uk abpb8¸Mk quç sm pbrmim uk abpb b ukb ehthorbeáb8 

 C Chs hs mstu`gbktms rmsphk`mk b abkmrb `m ccuvgb `m g`mbs, mc `himktm sgstmabtgzb ccb b gkehrabigùk y msirgdm cbs g`mbs eumrzb smoúk mc prhpùsgth `m cb smsgùk : . Mxprmsbr cbs am`g`bs `m uk aurh `m ihktmkigùk usbk`h msibcbs y cb `gstbkigb mktrm cbs agsabs u usbk`h sbk`h abpbs h pcbkhs pcbkhs b msibcb.  M Mcc `himktm mktrmob ukb cmiturb shdrm chs `msbstrms mk mc `gstrgth `m ingcib y chs aurhs `m ihktmkigùk  C Chs hs mstu`gbktms ehrabk mqugphs `m trbdbjh `m 0 gktmorbktms am`gbktm cb `gkâagib `m chs kúamrhs  Vbrb vmrgegibr cb ihaprmksgùk ihaprmksgùk `m cb cmiturb mc `himktm rmbcgzb gktmrrhobktms gktmrrhobktms b chs oruphs ¸Ruç `bòhs ibusbrhk8 ¸Iuâc ms cb `gstbkigb qum eum bemitb`h8 ¸Ruç am`g`b `mdm tmkmr uk aurh `m ihktmkigùk8 

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@msbrrhcch: (== agkuths) 

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bitgvg`b` 2 y shcgigtb qum ibciucmk mk vbchrms rmbcms:   Chs mstu`gbktms `msbrrhccbk cb bitgvg`b` -  Mc ârmb thtbc qum ihaprmk`m mc pcbkh. -  Mc ârmb `m cb nbdgtbigùk 2, `mc dbòh (0) y `m cb nbdgtbigùk ?.   -  Cb `gstbkigb qum smpbrb cb ihigkb `m cb cbvb`hrb -  Mc rmihrrg`h qum `mdmráb nbimr ukb pmrshkb sg sm trbscb`b `m cb nbdgtbigùk 4 nbstb mc `mpùsgth (>)   Mc `himktm smòbcb qum `mdmrábk ihksg`mrbr cb msibcb qum aumstrb mc pcbkh mk cb pbrtm gkemrghr

 

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bdsu mcvm cbs `u`bs y vb msirgdgmk`h mk cb pgzbrrb bcoukbs   Mc `himktm mk th`h ahamkth ahkgthrmb mc trbdbjh `m chs mqugphs, bdsumcvm g`mbs icbvms tbcms ihah: -  Ch qum ag`m 2 imktáamtrh mk cb ehthorbeáb, ag`m 26= ia mk cb rmbcg`b`.

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  Ccmob`h mstm ahamkth, mc `himktm bkgab b chs mstu`gbktms b mstbdcmimr uk prhim`gagmkth aâs megigmktm h `grmith pbrb

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  Chs mstu`gbktms shigbcgzbk mk mc pcmkh sus nbccbzohs y ihkicusghkms.

rmshcvmr mstm tgph `m prhdcmabs.

Ym mspmrb qum chs mstu`gbktms `mtmragkmk cbs am`g`bs `m cbs ârmbs shcgigtb`bs, tbadgçk cbs `gstbkigbs `m ukb nbdgtbigùk b htrh. @m cb agsab abkmrb sm prmtmk`m qum chs mstu`gbktms `mtmragkmk mc ârmb y pmráamtrh cbs am`g`bs `m uk aurh `m ihktmkigùk .  Igmrrm: (46 agkuths)   .]k gktmorbktm `m ib`b oruph ihapbrtm sus ihkicusghkms. Mksmoug`b sgstmabtgzbahs:: 

  Cbs msi bc bcbs bs s m prmsmktb prmsmktbk k `m `hs `hs ah`hs ah`hs : E hrab k kuaçrgib uaçrgib y ehrab o râegib.

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  ]k abpb abpb ms cb rmprms mktbig mktbig ùk o râegib `m cb tgmrrb h pbrtm `m mccb mccb mk ukb supmr egi gm pcbkb, pcbkb, agmktrbs qum uk pcbkh

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ms cb rmprms mktbigù mktbigùk k msqumaâtgib mk `hs `gamks ghkms y b `mtm `mtmragkb`b ragkb`b ms ms ibcb.

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  Mc `himktm rmbcgzb prmouktbs amtbihokgtgvbs: ¸Ruç bprmk`g bprmk`gahs ahs mc `áb `m nhy8 ¸Ruç mstrbtmogb smouá pbrb rmshcvmr cb sgtubigùk prhdcmaâtgib8 ¸Vbrb quç am smrvgrâ ch qum bprmk`á8   Chs mstu`gbktms rmsphk`mk b abkmrb `m ccuvgb `m g`mbs. 

GU. PBTMB B PTBDBJBT MK IBYB IBYB   Mc `himktm shcgigtb phkmr b prumdb mstm prhim`gagmkth, pbrb ch iubc prmsmktb sm shcgigtb ibciucbr cb `gstbkigb `mc `msbstrm mk mc rgh cchiccbinbib mk uk pcbkh b msibcb  Yg cbs am`g`bs shk rmbcms, ag`m ch kmimsbrgh pbrb `gdujbrch b msibcb.   ‑

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  Mc b chs mstu`gbktms: -  `himktm B trbvçsshcgigtb `mc dusib`hr Ohhocm, gkormsbr bc ohhocm abps -  ]dgibrsm mk cb vmktbkb –Dusibr mk Ohhocm Abps‑  -  @gogtbr mc khadrm `m tu rmogùk h `m tu chibcg`b` -  Ibpturbr cb gabomk, orb`ubk`h mc tbabòh -  Ibpturbr `ginb gabomk ihk cb tmicb –Gapr Vbkt‑, pçobch mk ukb nhjb _hr`, gapráamch y pmob mk tu iub`mrkh.  -  Cumoh ibciucb cb `gstbkigb `m uk cuobr b htrh nbigmk`h ush ` `mm cb msibcb qum sm aumstrb mk mc cb`h gkemrghr `mrminh `m cb

gabomk ibpturb`b m gaprmsb. U. ABPMTGBCMY H TMI]TYHY B ]PGCGZBT ]PGCGZBT    

Agkgstmrgh `m M`uibigùk. Pmxth Pmxth msihcbr Abtmaâtgib 2, (4654) Cgab: M`gthrgbc Khrab Y.B.I.

 

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AGKM@], Agkgstmrgh `m M`uibigùk. Ebsiáiuch Tutbs `mc Bprmk`gzbjm Bprmk`gzbjm `m Abtmaâtgib ¸ ¸Ruç Ruç y iùah bprmk` bprmk`mk mk kumstrhs mstu`gbktms8 Igich UG, (462=) Cgab: Ihrphrbigùk Orâegib Kbvbrrmtm.  Vbpmchtms, pcuahkms, rmocb, mti.  Iub`mrkh `m Prbdbjh. Jumoh `m Msiub`rbs, pcuahkms pbrb pgzbrrb, ibrtucgkbs, prhymithr, Cbpthp, usd,Nhjbs gaprmsbs mti. 

UG. UG. M MUB UBC] C]B BIG K IHAMVMPMKIGBY

IBVBIG@B@MY

GK@GIB@HTMY   Tmihkhim rmcbighkms kh mxpcgigtbs dbsb`bs mk am`g`bs `m ehrabs, `mspcbzbagmkth y udgibigùk `m iumrphs, pbrb mxprmsbr abpbs h pcbkhs b msibcb (2)   Mxprmsb cbs `gstbkigbs y am`g`bs `m pcbkhs h abpbs usbk`h msibcbs   Mxpcgib qum am`g`bs y sgtubighkms sm bemitbk h kh phr mc ibadgh `m msibcb

GKYPT]AMKPHY

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Abtmabtgzb sgtubighkms  Bitúb y pgmksb abtmaâtgibamktm mk sgtubighkms `m ehrab, ahvgagmkth y chibcgzbigùk `m iumrphs. 

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Ihaukgib y rmprmsmktb g`mbs abtmaâtgibs

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Mcbdhrb y usb mstrbtmogbs

 

Cgstb `m Ihtmjh

 

CGYPB @M IHPMJH

YMIIGÙK: – –  @HIMKPM TMYVHKYBDCM: ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……   Mapcmb mstrbtmogbs Gk`gib`hrms `m `msmapmòh

Mxprmsb cbs `gstbkigbs y am`g`bs `m pcbkhs h abpbs usbk`h msibcbs.. 

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nmurástgibs ypbrb prhim`gagmkths nbccbr mc ârmb, pmráamtrh `mc aurh `m ihktmkigùk 

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44 49 40 4= 45 4? 4> 47 96

CCuvgbs `mdgcgtbk `memksb rgdmrmòb `m ráh Ingcib y bamkbzb b vbrgbs ebagcgbs EHPHY) Aukgigpbcg`b` `m Nubkibyh gkgigù ihk rmihkstruiigùk `m mstruiturbs

 

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. Ymoúk mc rmsphksbdcm `m prmvmkigùk `m `msbstrms `m cb AVN, `ms`m mc ams `m bdrgc sm nbk rmbcgzb`h trbdbjhs `m cgapgmzb, kh shch mk mc ráh Ingcib, sgkh tbadgçk mk mc ráh Echrg`h, iubtrh rgbinumchs `m Hihpgccb, `hs rgbinumchs `m –Cbs Thsbs‑, igkih rgbinumchs `m cb ihhpmrbtgvb Ybktb Gsbdmc y mc ráh Ynuccibs,   ihksg`mrb`hs chs pukths aâs vuckmrbdcms `m gkuk`bigùk. –Mk mc ráh Ingcib cgapgbahs aâs `m 066 amtrhs cgkmbcms, `m goubc ehrab mk mc ráh Echrg`h, mk cb ihhpmrbtgvb aâs `m 266 amtrhs  cgkmbcms. Mk chs htrhs ráhs ch agsah ‑, `gjh. Mc mspmigbcgstb gkehraù qum chs rmsg`uhs sùcg`hs qum sm brrhjbk b chs ráhs, ah`gegibk mc iursh `m chs becumktms y `m  mstb ehrab cb ihrrgmktm ibriham cbs `memksb rgdmrmòbs. Ygk madbroh, Pmh`hrh Ahrâk, bsmourù qum msths ráhs kh shch shk ihktbagkb`hs ihk rmsg`uhs sùcg`hs, sgkh tbadgçk `msahktm y cb ihkmxgùk icbk`mstgkb `m `msboóms. –Nbim ebctb qum chs prhpghs vmigkhs, qum shk chs prgamrhs pmrju`gib`hs, thamk aâs ihkigmkigb `mc `bòh qum cm nbimk bc ráh y mc rgmsoh qum ihrrmk mcchs agsahs bc dchqumbr bc dchqumbr mc becumktm `mc ráh‑, ráh‑, mxpcgiù. mxpcgiù.   Aâs `m agc ebagcgbs qum vgvmk imrib `m chs `gemrmktms ráhs qum btrbvgmsbk Nubkibyh sm nbk dmkmegigb`h mk cb prmvmkigùk `m gkuk`bighkms.  Ihkstruymk aurhs `m ihktmkigùk mk ráh Ingcib pbrb agtgobr gkuk`bighkms mk Nubkibyh.  Nubkibyh. 

@hsigmkths amtrhs cgkmbcms `m uk aurh `m ihktmkigùk sm ihkstruymk b ch cbroh `mc ráh Ingcib, `ms`m cb bvmkg`b Jbigkth Gdbrrb, nbstb cb bvmkg`b Jhsç Hcbyb. Mc prhymith, ms mjmiutb`h phr cb Omrmkigb `m Hdrbs Vúdcgibs, `m cb Aukgigpbcg`b` Vrhvgkigbc `m Nubkibyh (AVN) y mc Ârmb `m @memksb Igvgc `m Nubkibyh, qum prmstb cb abqugkbrgb. Chs trbdbjhs sm gkgigbrhk mstb smabkb bc cb`h `mc pbsbjm Cb Ibktutb, mk mc cáagtm `m chs `gstrgths `m Nubkibyh y Ingcib. Mc jmem `m @memksb Igvgc `m cb AVN, Igrh Amzb Obccbr`h, mxpcgiù qum cb hdrb dmkmegigbrâ `grmitbamktm b chs vmigkhs qum vgvmk b hrgccbs `mc ráh Ingcib, qugmkms ib`b bòh, suerábk `m gkuk`bighkms mk cbs çphibs `m ccuvgb. –Nbim vmgktm bòhs btrâs shch sm nbiábk trbdbjhs `m cgapgmzb phr ch qum cbs gkuk`bighkms mrbk ihkstbktms. B pbrtgr `m mstm bòh bòh cbs  cbs ccuvgbs yb kh smrâk uk prhdcmab pbrb msm smithr, phrqum yb sm mstâ trbdbjbk`h ihk hdrbs `m gkerbmstruit gkerbmstruiturb‑, urb‑, begraù Igrh Amzb.  Amzb.  PTBDBJHY @M VTMUMKIGÙK

 

 

Amzb Obccbr`h, tbadgçk mxpcgiù qum mk htrh trbah `mc ibuim `mc ráh Ingcib sm rmbcgzbrâk trbdbjhs `m cgapgmzb y `msihcabtbigùk, `ms`m cb bvmkg`b Jbigkth Gdbrrb nbstb mc jgrùk Babzhkbs. Agmktrbs tbkth, sm trbdbjb mk cb mcbdhrbigùk `m uk pmregc tçikgih, pbrb qum mk `ginh gktmrvbch, tbadgçk sm mjmiutm cb ihkstruiigùk `m uk aurh `m ihktmkigùk. Mc prhymith mstbráb cgsth mk uk pbr `m amsms. @m htrh cb`h, mc jmem `m @memksb Igvgc gk`giù qum chs trbdbjhs `m cgapgmzb sm rmpcgibrâk mk mc ráh Ynuccibs, `ms`m mc trbah `m cb ibccm Tmbc nbstb cb bvmkg`b Emrrhibrrgc. @ginhs trbdbjhs, sm rmbcgzbrâk ihk mc bphyh `m Mjçrigth `mc Vmrú, chs vmigkhs `mc bsmktbagmkth nuabkh Ybktb Thsb y cb Omrmkigb `m Hdrbs Vúdcgibs `m cb AVN.

 

 

Aurhs `m ihktmkighk

Chs Aurhs `m Ihktmkigùk shk mcmamkths ihkstruitgvhs qum iuapcmk cb eukigùk `m imrrbagmkth, shphrtbk`h phr ch omkmrbc chs mseumrzhs nhrgzhktbcms  prh`uig`hs phr mc mapujm `m tgmrrbs. Mk htrhs tgphs `m ihkstruiigùk, sm utgcgzbk pbrb ihktmkmr boub u htrhs cáqug`hs mk mc ibsh `m `mpùsgths. ]k  ]k aurh `m ihktmkigùk ihktmkigùk  kh shch shphrtb chs mapujms nhrgzhktbcms trbsagtg`hs phr mc mc  tmrrmkh, tmrrmkh, `mdm tbadgçk rmigdgr chs mseumrzhs vmrtgibcms trbsagtg`hs b  pgcbrms,  pbrm`ms  pgcbrms,  pbrm`ms `m ibrob ibrob  y ehrjb`hs ehrjb`hs  qum bphybk shdrm mcchs. Cb abyhráb `m chs  aurhs `m ihktmkigùk  sm ihkstruymk `m  `m nhragoùk brab`h, brab`h, iuapcgmk`h cb eukigùk `m shphrtbr mc mapujm `m tgmrrbs, omkmrbcamktm mk `msahktms h tmrrbpcmkms, `msahktms  tmrrbpcmkms, mvgtbk`h mc `msahrhkbagmkth y shstmkgmk`h mc  mc  tbcu` tbcu`..