Ser Freelance Sin Morir en El Intento Miguel Palacio Barrientos

 

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Q`r gr``lbna` smn hcrmr `n `l mnt`ntc

©Hmiu`l Tblbamc Obrrm`ntcs, ?4?4 © @fmtcrmbl Tlbn`tb Aclchombnb Q. B., ?4?4 Abll` 91 n.´ 9-74, Ocictâ © Fms`òc f` mhbi`n f` auom`rtb; Tbulb Wbribs Qblbzbr  F`pbrtbh`ntc f` Fms`òc, @fmtcrmbl Tlbn`tb Aclchombnb MQON 21; =9:-=0:-6?-:09?-4 MQON 24; =0:-6?-:092-: Trmh`rb `fmamñn `n `l s`llc Tbmfñs @hpr`sb; g`or`rc f` ?4?4 Mhpr`sc pcr; xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx Mhpr`sc `n Aclchomb - Trmnt`f mn Aclchomb Aclchomb  Nc s` p`rhmt` lb r`prcfuaamñn tctbl c pbrambl f` `st` lmorc, nm su mnacrpcrbamñn b un smst`hb mngcrhâtmac, nm su trbnshmsmñn `n aublqum`r gcrhb c pcr aublqum`r h`fmc, s`b `st` `l`atrñnmac, h`aânmac, pcr gctcacpmb, pcr  irbobamñn u ctrcs hítcfcs, smn `l p`rhmsc pr`vmc y pcr `sarmtc f`l `fmtcr.

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Birbf`amhm`ntcs B hm hbhâ, pcr `ns`òbrh` acn `l `k`hplc y ar``r `n hè hâs qu` nbfm`. B Fbnm`l, pcr su acngmbnzb `n hè y su bpcyc. B Hbòb (y Lclb), pcr su bhcr mnacnfmamcnbl. B @l Iml, pcr fbrh` `k`hplc `n hítcfc y fmsamplmnb. B hm pbpâ, pcr sus `ns`òbnzbs y bpcyc. B _maey (ac-butcramtc), pcr su pbam`namb y sus bpcrt`s mnvblubol`s y o`lmacscs. B _bgb, pcr s`r hm h`ntcr `n `stcs bòcs. B Hbnu`lb, pcr sus mf`bs y su ajmspbzc mnmambl. B @l Nbac, pcr su bhmstbf y bpcyc. B ]bhml` Abrfcnb, pcr su pbam`namb y byufb. B Tbtrmamb Vcrr`s, pcr sus bpcrt`s, iuèb y albrmfbf`s. B Lums G`rnbnfc Tâ`z, pcr ar``r `n `st` lmorc. Qm `st` lmorc tm`n` un prcpñsmtc, `s qu` t` l`vbnt`s y f`s `l prmh`r pbsc.

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VBOLB F@ ACNV@NMFC F@ ACNV@NMFC MNV_CFPAAMÑN MNV_CFPAAMÑN @L Q@A_@VC TB_B LL@IB_ T_MH@_C @Q... ACH@N[B_  ABTÈVPLC 2 ABTÈVPLC LC RP@ NC Q@ W@ @N MNQVBI_BH; HMVCQ ] _@BLMFBF@Q F@ Q@_  G_@@LB NA@ ABTÈVPLC ? ABTÈVPLC ABL@NVBNFC ABL@N VBNFC HCVC_@Q HCVC_@Q ABTÈVPLC 1 ABTÈVPLC F@L ÂOBAC BL @ZA@L; ACQVCQ, GMNBN[BQ ] AÑHC _@NFM_ LB TBTMVB ABTÈVPLC 6 ABTÈVPLC ALM@NV@Q ] CV_BQ A_MBVP_BQ HMVCLÑIMABQ ABTÈVPLC 0 LB FMBN ] CV_CQ HCNQV_PCQ MHBIMNB_MCQ; BQT@AVCQ L@IBL@Q ] V_MOPVB_MCQ OÂQMACQ ABTÈVPLC 7 ]B NC JB] @ZAPQBQ; VBLL@_ T_ÂAVMAC F@ AÑHC ] TC_ FÑNF@ B__BNAB_  ABTÈVPLC 9 LB OB_N@] OCLQB F@L G_@@LBNA@ ABTÈVPLC : LBQ ÒBTBQ

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MNV_CFPAAMÑN

@L Q@A_@VC TB_B LL@IB_ T_MH@_C @Q... ACH@N[B_  F` fñnf` sblmñ `st` lmorc y quí `sp`rbr f` íl ¡Jclb! Au`ntc acn uncs pcacs s`iunfcs pbrb acnv`na`rt` f` achprbr `st` lmorc, bsè qu` lcs usbrí pbrb acntbrt` qu` su ûnmac prcpñsmtc `s s`r unb iuèb prâatmab `n lb qu` auormrí tcfbs lbs pr`iuntbs qu` pu`fbs t`n`r y tcfcs lcs t`hbs qu` t` byuf`n b lbnzbrt`, ar`a`r y acnsclmfbrt` achc un trbobkbfcr mnf`p`nfm`nt` c gr``lbna`, acn obs` `n bqu`llcs mnt`rrcibnt`s qu` yc juom`rb t`nmfc jba` uncs bòcs, f` jbo`r sbomfc qu`, `n `l guturc, vmvmrèb f` `stc. Vrbtbrí f`sf` t`hbs acnar`tcs achc, pcr `k`hplc, lb hbn`rb f` acns`iumr alm`nt`s y  pbibr lb s`iurmfbf scambl, jbstb ctrcs hâs bostrbatcs, achc lcs hm`fcs, lb achp`t`namb, lb h`ntblmfbf f`l alm`nt` y `l prcpñsmtc f` s`r  gr``lbna`. Jbom`nfc fmajc `stc, y acn lb `sp`rbnzb f` jbo`rt` p`rsubfmfc f` lc i`nmbl qu` `s `st` lmorc, ach`na`hcs. Au`ntb lb l`y`nfb qu`, furbnt` lb @fbf H`fmb, bliuncs abobll`rcs y iu`rr`rcs `rbn tbn ou`ncs `n lbs obtbllbs qu` f`amfèbn nc sch`t`rs` nm kurbr l`bltbf b nmniûn s`òcr `n  pbrtmaulbr smnc f`albrbrs` lmor`s y `hp`zbr b cgr`a`r sus jbomlmfbf`s y sus lbnzbs b aublqum`rb qu` `stuvm`rb fmspu`stc b pbibr `l pr`amc f` sus s`rvmamcs. B `stcs abobll`rcs s` l`s llbhbob “lbna`rcs lmor`s‘ c  gr``lbna`rs. Qmp,  f` bjè vm`n` `l nchor`. Lcs smilcs  pbsbrcn y batublh`nt` lbs obtbllbs scn h`ncs gèsmabs y hâs ach`rambl`s, lcs s`òcr`s scn llbhbfcs alm`nt`s y lbs lbnzbs jbn smfc r``hplbzbfbs pcr lâpma`s, lbptcps y jcrbs f` trbobkc. Bun bsè, y b p`sbr f` lcs bòcs trbnsaurrmfcs, s`r  gr``lbna`r   c  gr``lbna` smiu` sm`nfc blic f` vblm`nt`s, pbrb o`rrbacs, tbn hmst`rmcsc, brrm`sibfc y nu`vc achc `ntcna`s. Tbrb lb hbycrèb, s`r  gr``lbna`  `s achc lbnzbrs` bl vbaèc, r`acrr`r unb abrr`t`rb f`stbpbfb `n un _`nbult 7, c `s achc un hmtc qu` sclc “`l bhmic f` un bhmic‘ jb lcirbfc jba`r r`blmfbf (`l hmshc qu` bjcrb puolmab gctcs “trbobkbnfc f`sf` aublqum`r  luibr f`l hunfc‘ y vmvm`nfc `l su`òc f` `scs hmll`nnmbls qu` pcn`n `n sus p`rgml`s f` Lmne`fMn qu` scn a`c y “ Gcunf`rs  f` unb  stbrtup‘). @n bliuncs abscs, mnalusc, s`r  r``lbna` `s achc un f`pcrt` `xtr`hc; nu`strcs pbfr`s s` `sabnfblmzbn, lcs gcnfcs f`  p`nsmñn s` hbluqu`bn y lbs bs`iurbfcrbs y lcs obnacs ncs vblcrbn pcr lb hmtbf. Qclc nu`strcs bhmics, f`s`cscs f` jba`r lc hmshc p`rc t`h`rcscs f` grbabsbr y f`kbr `s`  pu`stc qu` acnsmf`rbn `s s`iurc, ncs fbn ânmhc y ncs fma`n, acn ckcs f` t`rn`rc 7

 

f`icllbfc; “¡Ruí `nvmfmb! ]c tbhomín qum`rc mnf`p`nfmzbrh`‘. Tm`nsc qu` tcfcs pcf`hcs s`r mnf`p`nfm`nt`s. Lc fma` blium`n qu` nc ousabob mnf`p`nfmzbrs` smnc qu` ba`ptbob “acsmtbs pcr bjè‘, hm`ntrbs `nacntrbob `l trbobkc qu`  ousabob y bsè gu` achc r`sultí sm`nfc “baamf`ntblh`nt` mnf`p`nfm`nt`‘. Qm yc puf` jba`rlc smn plbn`brlc, mhbiènbt` lc qu` pcfrâs jba`r tû, qu` vbs b pr`pbrbrt` (achprbnfc y l`y`nfc `st` lmorc, albrc). Bsè, bpbrt` f` hm abhmnc b lb gbhb y lb gcrtunb (b v`r sm bliûn fèb “trbobkc f`sf` aublqum`r luibr f`l hunfc‘), `st` lmorc `s unb h`zalb f` tcfc c absm tcfc lc qu` n`a`smtbs sbo`r pbrb ar`br `s` hbpb qu` t` byuf` b mf`ntmgmabr quí pbsc smiu` f`spuís f` jbo`r ar`bfc un Mnstbirbh prcg`smcnbl, r`pbrtmr tbrk`tbs `ntr` lb gbhmlmb y t`n`r un lcic “unb ajmhob‘, qu` ncs jmzc un bhmic fms`òbfcr. Balbrc, `sc sè, qu` jby huajbs gcrhbs f` jba`r lbs acsbs y lc qu` prcpcnic baâ `s sclc unb hâs, obsbfb `n hm `xp`rm`namb. Jborâ bqu`llcs b lcs qu` s` l`s bpbr`amñ lb Wmri`n ` mnv`ntbrcn lb bpp f`l hbòbnb, c acntbobn acn un sûp`r tbl`ntc ultrbactmzbfc `n `l h`fmc, ` mnalusc qum`n`s acntrbtbrcn b unb orukb tbrcrmstb qu` “l`s bhbrrbrb bl alm`nt` scòbfc‘. Bsè qu` r`achm`nfc l``r `st` lmorc `n achpbòèb f` un bfultc r`spcnsbol` y bplmabr tcfc f`ntrc f` tu acnt`xtc p`rscnbl y lbocrbl.

] `ntcna`s, ³pbrb qumín `s `st` lmorc3 Tbrb tm, pcr supu`stc, qu` qum`r`s s`r mnf`p`nfm`nt`. T`rc s`bn tbhomín om`nv`nmfcs tcfcs bqu`llcs qu` sbo`n jba`r blic pcr lc qu` pu`f`n acorbr, p`rc qu`, b p`sbr f` su tbl`ntc y abpbamfbf`s, nc v`n añhc sbabrl` kuic b `s` acncamhm`ntc pcrqu` nc sbo`n añhc acst`br su trbobkc, ar`br un pcrtbgclmc f` s`rvmamcs, pbsbr unb au`ntb f` acorc, ablaulbr lb r`t`namñn `n lb gu`nt` (c bl h`ncs achpr`nf`r quí `s) y ctrbs acsbs smhmlbr`s. Bsè, `st` tbhomín `s un lmorc pbrb tcfbs `sbs p`rscnbs b qum`n`s l`s `ns`òbrcn tcfc `n lb unmv`rsmfbf, `xa`ptc añhc vmvmr f` lc qu` sbo`n jba`r. Vrbfmamcnblh`nt` `l tírhmnc  gr``lbna` y `l mhbimnbrmc f`l trbobkbfcr mnf`p`nfm`nt` `stâ bscambfc b lb mnfustrmb ar`btmvb; gctñirbgcs, fms`òbfcr`s, `sarmtcr`s y f`hâs, achc sm lcs lcs abrpmnt`rcs c lcs bocibfcs nunab juom`s`n `xmstmfc. T`rc lbb lbs v`rfbf `s qu`plch`rcs, aublqum`r p`rscnb, f`sf` aublqum`r âr`b f`l acncamhm`ntc, pu`f` baa`f`r hm`l`s f` lb mnf`p`nf`namb lbocrbl, om`n s`b achc acntrbtmstb, prcv``fcr, acnsultcr, bs`scr, y un lbric `taít`rb f` cgmamcs y prcg`smcn`s, irbambs b qu` tcfcs cgr`a`hcs s`rvmamcs c  prcfuatcs qu` blium`n qum`r` qum`r` y n`a`smtb. Lb mf`b, pu`s, `s auormr tcfc lc oâsmac y nc tbn oâsmac scor` añhc mnmambrs`, scst`n`rs`, ar`a`r y fmsgrutbr f` lb vmfb f` gr``lbna`, h`fmbnt` j`rrbhm`ntbs s`namllbs achc hbnubl`s, aj`aelmsts, tmps, bpps, `ntr`vmstbs, bliunbs bníafctbs ` mnalusc un pbr f` lbylmsts husmabl`s pbrb trbobkbr. @n bliunbs pbrt`s f`l lmorc `nacntrbrâs añfmics R_ qu`  pu`f`s `sabn`br acn tu t`lígcnc a`lulbr pbrb baa`f`r b brajmvcs `n lèn`b qu` achpbrtc acntmic pbrb qu` lcs us`s, bfbpt`s c acnsult`s pbrb `nt`nf`r h`kcr lc qu` t` `stí `xplmabnfc. Tbrtc f` hms `xp`rm`nambs y bpr`nfmzbk`s p`rscnbl`s, hâs lc qu` h` acntbrcn huajcs 9

 

bhmics qu` tbhomín s` lbnzbrcn bl biub y lc qu` j` mnv`stmibfc `n abntmfbf`s f` brtèaulcs y lmorcs scor` `l t`hb, acn lb mf`b f` tcabr lcs puntcs hâs mhpcrtbnt`s, p`rc sm tcfbvèb sm`nt`s qu` gbltb mngcrhbamñn, nc fuf`s `n `sarmomrh` fmr`atbh`nt`; hmiu`lpblbamc.`sarmtcrDihbml.ach.

Tcr quí schcs r`l`vbnt`s, mhpcrtbnt`s y achp`tmtmvcs `n `l h`rabfc Achc fmk` brrmob, tcfcs lcs gr``lbna` cgr`a`hcs s`rvmamcs c prcfuatcs qu` blium`n qum`r` y pcr `sc i`n`rbhcs vblcr acn gbamlmfbf. Bf`hâs, lcs gr``lbna` schcs mslbs unmp`rscnbl`s, “smn Fmcs nm l`y‘, lc aubl ncs p`rhmt` f`sbrrcllbr abrbat`rèstmabs huy  prcpmbs qu` pu`f`n acnv`rtmrs` (sm s` achunmabn y `ngcabn acrr`atbh`nt`) `n puntcs b gbvcr pbrb s`r `l`imfcs pcr `namhb f` cpamcn`s hâs acnv`namcnbl`s, achc `hpr`sbs c `hpl`bfcs f` plbntb. Tcr `k`hplc, un gr``lbna` qu` s`b huy h`tñfmac y cribnmzbfc  pu`f` s`r unb cpamñn huy btrbatmvb pbrb alm`nt`s qu` achpbrt`n `scs rbsics c qu` n`a`smtbn s`rvmamcs acntbol`s c f` r`vmscrèb, hm`ntrbs qu` un gr``lbna` qu` s`b “wcrecjclma‘ c “bfmatc bl trbobkc‘ pu`f` s`r huy btrbatmvc pbrb alm`nt`s qu` qum`rbn tcfc huy râpmfc y qu` s`bn huy mnt`nscs, c un gr``lbna` qu` trbobk` acn vbrmbs `hpr`sbs pu`f` bpcrtbrl` bl alm`nt` bpr`nfmzbk`s qu`unjbacncamhm`ntc t`nmfc `n lbshuy ctrbsvblmcsc `hpr`sbs qu` lc acnvm`rt`n `n blium`n huy batublmzbfc y acn f` lby mnfustrmb. Vcfc `stc ncs fb lua`s `n aubntc b pcr quí schcs r`l`vbnt`s `n tírhmncs f` hcfc f` trbobkc y `hpbtèb, p`rc sm lc qumsmírbhcs v`r `n tírhmncs `acnñhmacs y bfhmnmstrbtmvcs, nctbhcs qu`, pcr `k`hplc, jby n`a`smfbf`s tbn `spcrâfmabs qu` acntrbtbr b blium`n f`  plbntb pbrb jba`r `s` trbobkc s`rèb p`rf`r fmn`rc c tm`hpc5 c `n cabsmcn`s `l prca`sc b r`blmzbr pu`f` s`r tbn `sp`aègmac y ûnmac qu` unb `hpr`sb irbnf` acn scluamcn`s  pr`fms`òbfbs ` mnfustrmblmzbfbs nc lcirbrèb bfbptbrs` bl alm`nt` c, bl h`ncs, nc b un acstc rbzcnbol`. @stbs scn smtubamcn`s `n lbs qu` un gr``lbna` s` vu`lv` lb cpamñn hâs btrbatmvb, nc sclc `n tírhmncs f`l trbobkc smnc pcrqu` un gr``lbna` r`pr`s`ntb un mhpcrtbnt` bjcrrc mnfmr`atc `n aubntc b tcfc lc qu` un `hpl`bfcr c unb `hpr`sb tm`n` qu` pbibrl` bl @stbfc pcr t`n`r un `hpl`bfc; bpcrt`s f` sbluf, p`nsmcn`s, a`sbntèbs, abkb f` achp`nsbamñn, suosmfmcs, `ta. (lcs llbhbfcs ibstcs pbrbgmsabl`s), smn acntbr lc qu` s` bjcrrb `n acstcs f` pu`stcs f` trbobkc, `hp`zbnfc pcr `l sblbrmc, prmhbs, vbabamcn`s, `ntr`nbhm`ntc, y ibstcs fmbrmcs f` cgmamnb achc t`n`r un `spbamc gèsmac pbrb `sb p`rscnb, acn s`rvmamcs achc luz, biub, mnt`rn`t, c mnalusmv` ibstcs f` abg`t`rèb y lcièstmacs. Bsè, `n huajbs cabsmcn`s un gr``lbna` nc sclc `s lb h`kcr cpamñn pbrb r`blmzbr unb tbr`b, smnc tbhomín lb hâs obrbtb. Qmn `hobric, `s r`spcnsbomlmfbf nu`strb hcstrbrl` bl alm`nt` pcr quí ncsctrcs schcs lb scluamñn mf`bl b su prcol`hb y bpr`nf`r b achunmaârs`lc f` tbl gcrhb qu` lcir`hcs jba`r alma.

Hbhâ, hmrb, ¡scy gr``lbna`! :

 

B `stbs blturbs `stâ albrc qu`, irbambs b lbs jbomlmfbf`s puntubl`s qu` t`n`hcs, lcs gr``lbna` cgr`a`hcs s`rvmamcs y prcfuatcs qu` nu`strcs alm`nt`s pu`f`n bfqumrmr f` gcrhb huajc hâs gâaml y `acnñhmab, f`omfc b qu` schcs ctrb a`pb y gunamcnbhcs f` unb hbn`rb huy âiml. Qmn `hobric, achc `stcy s`iurc f` qu` aubnfc ll`iu`s b tu absb b bnunambr tu f`amsmñn f` vclv`rt` gr``lbna` nc gbltbrâ `l tèc qu` t` hmr` pcr `namhb f` lbs ibgbs y t` pr`iunt`, acn `l a`òc grunamfc, “³y ust`f pcr quí ar`` qu` blium`n qu`rrèb acntrbtbr sus s`rvmamcs `n luibr f` acntrbtbr b blium`n f` plbntb, c pcr quí vbn b qu`r`r  achprbr su prcfuatc pcr `namhb f`l f` unb `hpr`sb hâs rcoustb y acn hâs `xp`rm`namb3‘. V` mnvmtc b qu` hmr`hcs acn f`t`nmhm`ntc bliunbs f` lbs abrbat`rèstmabs qu` jba`n hâs btrbatmvc bl gr``lbna` gr`nt` b lb achp`t`namb. • Cabsmcnblmfbf; bunqu` usublh`nt` pbsbhcs `stc pcr bltc, huajcs alm`nt`s r`qum`r`n bliuncs s`rvmamcs c prcfuatcs acn unb gr`au`namb tbn obkb, c `n cabsmcn`s tbn puntubl`s, qu` acntrbtbr b blium`n gmkc pbrb `sb lbocr s`rèb pcac prâatmac y huy acstcsc pbrb `llcs,  pu`s lb hbycr pbrt` f`l tm`hpc `sb p`rscnb `stbrèb kuibnfc ousabhmnbs `n `l a`lulbr. Tcr  ctrc lbfc, sm `l alm`nt` f` tcfbs hbn`rbs f`amf` acntrbtbr b blium`n f` plbntb, p`rc qum`r` `acnchmzbr `n `l sblbrmc f` `s` nu`vc `hpl`bfc, t`nfrèb qu` acntrbtbr b blium`n smn `xp`rm`namb, lc aubl pcfrèb bg`atbr lb ablmfbf f`l prcfuatc c s`rvmamc y t`rhmnbr  i`n`rbnfc r`prca`scs huy acstcscs. Pn gr``lbna`, `n abhomc, nc sclc pu`f` cgr`a`rl` b `st` alm`nt` un s`rvmamc f` bltb ablmfbf, smnc qu` `l alm`nt` t`rhmnbrâ pbibnfc pcr `sc unb grbaamñn f`l acstc qu` r`pr`s`ntbrèb `l sblbrmc f` blium`n f` plbntb qu` tuvm`rb lcs hmshcs acncamhm`ntcs. T`ns`hcs, pcr `k`hplc, `n un acntbfcr qu` sclc s` r`ûn` unb v`z bl h`s acn sus alm`nt`s  pbrb r`blmzbr `l oblbna` f` lb `hpr`sb y lcs mhpu`stcs5 c `n un achhunmty hbnbi`r   qu`  pr`s`ntb unb prcpu`stb pbrb hbn`kbr lbs r`f`s f`sf` bgu`rb f` lb `hpr`sb5 c `n un mni`nm`rc mnfustrmbl qu` sclc s` caupb f` jba`r `l s`iumhm`ntc f` un nu`vc hcf`lc cp`rbtmvc f` lb achpbòèb, acn `l gmn f` h`fmr mnfmabfcr`s y jba`r bkust`s5 c `n hm absc, `l f` un gctñirbgc f` hcfb qu` trbobkb unbs aubntbs v`a`s bl bòc acn unb hbrab pbrb jba`rl`s lbs abhpbòbs y lcs abtâlcics. • Trcntmtuf;  lcs alm`nt`s qu` fmspcn`n f` “tcfc `l tm`hpc f`l hunfc‘ pbrb jba`r un trbobkc scn achc lcs unmacrnmcs; j`rhcscs p`rc mhbimnbrmcs. Batublh`nt`, lbs grbs`s “`stc lc n`a`smtc pbrb by`r‘, “tm`n`s qu` `ntr`iârh`lc lc bnt`s pcsmol`‘ c “`s uri`ntèsmhc‘ scn lbs gbvcrmtbs f` lcs alm`nt`s. ] bunqu` `l bgân `s unb p`sbfmllb, tbhomín `s unb cpcrtunmfbf qu` pcf`hcs bprcv`ajbr `n nu`strc gbvcr. Pn alm`nt` qu` tm`n` bgân `s p`rg`atc pbrb abpturbrlc, `n `sp`ambl aubnfc `stbhcs ach`nzbnfc y fmspcn`hcs f` huajc tm`hpc. @n tírhmncs i`n`rbl`s, un gr``lbna` su`l` trbobkbr sclc c acn pcab f`p`nf`namb f` sus aclbocrbfcr`s. Tcr `sc, aubnfc r`amo` `l `nabric f` un alm`nt`, tm`n`  pcacs prca`scs ourcarâtmacs, pu`s nc n`a`smtb butcrmzbamñn f` sup`rmcr`s, nm jba`r  achpl`kcs prca`scs mnt`rncs. @sb `s lb rbzñn pcr lb qu` un gr``lbna` pu`f` cgr`a`r  tm`hpcs huajc hâs achp`tmtmvcs unb huajc `hpr`sbhâs f` btrbatmvc irbn tbhbòc `n `st` hunfc tbn bimtbfc `n `l qu` vmvmhcs, `sc lc qu` vu`lv` pbrby,tcfcs `scs alm`nt`s =

 

qu` n`a`smtbn scluamcn`s râpmfbs. Pn gr``lbna`, achc hbn`kb su prcpmc tm`hpc y r`blmzb lb lbocr `nach`nfbfb `n lbs jcrbs qu` íl hmshc `lmi`, nc `stâ suk`tc b lcs jcrbrmcs f` cgmamnb nm b lcs fèbs jâoml`s c `strmatbh`nt` lbocrbl`s; un gr``lbna` trbobkb gmn`s f` s`hbnb y b jcrbs tbn vbrmbfbs achc gr``lbna`rs pu`f` jbo`r. • Q`rvmamc p`rscnblmzbfc y gl`xmomlmfbf;  irbambs b qu` trbobkb sclc, c acn huy pcacs aclbocrbfcr`s, un gr``lbna` `s huajc hâs âiml `n sus prca`scs y tm`n` hâs butcnchèb scor` lcs hmshcs. @n `sb h`fmfb, pu`f` s`r huajc hâs btrbatmvc pbrb alm`nt`s qu` r`qum`r`n s`rvmamcs huy bkustbfcs b sus n`a`smfbf`s. Lbs `hpr`sbs irbnf`s su`l`n t`n`r  fmgmaultbf`s pbrb bachcfbrs` b lbs n`a`smfbf`s f`l alm`nt` y `sc b v`a`s lbs vu`lv` pcac btrbatmvbs `n tírhmncs ach`rambl`s. @n lb `rb f` lb austchmzbamñn (ctrb f` `sbs pblborbs f` hcfb, achc chnmabnblmfbf ` mnt`rfmsamplmnbrm`fbf), jba`r lbs acsbs b lb h`fmfb f`l alm`nt` pu`f` s`r `l irbnc f` brrcz qu` mnalmn` lb oblbnzb. • Tr`amc; nu`vbh`nt`, irbambs b su bimlmfbf cp`rbtmvb y b qu` sclc tm`n` qu` pr`caupbrs`  pcr sus acstcs p`rscnbl`s, un gr``lbna` pu`f` s`r huy achp`tmtmvc `n t`hbs f` pr`amc. Hm`ntrbs ctrbs achpbòèbs n`a`smtbn auormr lcs acstcs f`l p`rscnbl f` bpcyc, mhpu`stcs achc `l MWB  (mhpu`stc bl vblcr bir`ibfc, qu` `s absm unb qumntb pbrt` f`l pr`amc) y ruorcs cgr`a`r achc `l`ibnt`s f` lbs fmr`atmvbs, un gr``lbna`  pu`f` `l hmshccgmamnbs s`rvmamcyc `xtrbvbibnt`s prcfuatc b unsblbrmcs pr`amc hâs obkc smn qu` `stc bg`at` lb ablmfbf. • Wmsmñn pbncrâhmab; un gr``lbna` tm`n` blic qu` qumzâs pcacs trbobkbfcr`s f` plbntb  pu`f`n t`n`r; acntbatc acn `l r`stc f` lb mnfustrmb. @st` p`qu`òc f`tbll` p`rhmt` qu` `l gr``lbna` tcfc `l tm`hpc `stí bpr`nfm`nfc f` lbs ou`nbs prâatmabs f` ctrcs alm`nt`s, ctrcs  prcy`atcs y ctrcs `ntcrncs. Tcr lc tbntc, `l gr``lbna` `stâ `n abpbamfbf f` bpcrtbrl`s b sus alm`nt`s tcfc `st` acncamhm`ntc pbrb h`kcrbr prca`scs y r`sultbfcs. Lcs trbobkbfcr`s f` plbntb, pcr ctrb pbrt`, tm`nf`n b p`rp`tubr lcs jâomtcs y acstuhor`s fbòmnbs f` lb `hpr`sb, c p`rf`r f` vmstb bsp`atcs f`l `ntcrnc f` su prcpmb mnfustrmb. • @stmlc p`rscnbl; r`a`tbs pbrb pr`pbrbr grèkcl`s jby huajbs y huy fmv`rsbs, p`rc su`l` sua`f`r qu` sclc ncs iustb lb gcrhb `n qu` lcs pr`pbrb nu`strb bou`lb. F` lb hmshb hbn`rb, lcs alm`nt`s tbhomín tm`n`n pr`g`r`nambs pbrb sus prcv``fcr`s, qu` vbn f`sf` lb gcrhb achc s` achunmabn, sm usbn wjbtsbpp c `l acrr`c acnv`namcnbl, jbstb smn scn butñnchcs, sm scn f`tbllmstbs, sm scn pcsmtmvcs y usbn un p`rguh` birbfbol`. Vcfc `stc acngcrhb `l `stmlc p`rscnbl f` abfb unc, `l aubl r`su`nb h`kcr acn uncs alm`nt`s qu` acn ctrcs. @l f`sbgèc f`l gr``lbna`, `ntcna`s, `s t`n`r un `stmlc p`rscnbl btrbatmvc, qu` s`b tcfb unb `xp`rm`namb pbrb `l alm`nt` y lc jbib pr`g`rmrncs pcr `namhb f` cg`rtbs huajc hâs `stbnfbrmzbfbs ` mhp`rscnbl`s. Lb hbrab p`rscnbl, `sb mhbi`n qu` lb i`nt` pu`f` r`acnca`r y bscambr acn acna`ptcs qu` l` r`sult`n btrbatmvcs, `s `l prmnampmc f` lb r`putbamñn y lb obs` f` lb h`kcr puolmamfbf pcsmol`; lbs r`ach`nfbamcn`s. • @hpbtèb;  achc b aublqum`r s`r juhbnc, b lcs alm`nt`s l`s iustb trbobkbr acn “i`nt` 24

 

ajív`r`‘. @stc qum`r` f`amr; i`nt` qu` achpbrtb sus ar``nambs, pbsbtm`hpcs, cpmnmcn`s, qu` vbyb b lcs hmshcs acnam`rtcs, qu` cfm`n bl hmshc pclètmac, qu` s` qu`k`n f` lcs hmshcs prcol`hbs `, mnalusc, qu` `ngr`nt`n lcs hmshcs r`tcs `n su vmfb p`rscnbl. @n r`suhmfbs au`ntbs, b tcfcs ncs iustb trbobkbr acn i`nt` qu` ncs ab` om`n y acn lb aubl  pcf`hcs i`n`rbr un vènaulc f` `hpbtèb y “bhmstbf‘. Huajbs v`a`s `stc `s tbn mhpcrtbnt`, qu` aubnfc lcs v`nf`fcr`s f` s`iurcs abhombn f` achpbòèb, pcr `k`hplc, lcs alm`nt`s su`l`n s`iumrlcs b lb nu`vb achpbòèb, pu`s acngèbn hâs `n lb p`rscnb qu` `n lb `hpr`sb.

], pcr ûltmhc, unb acng`smñn c sí b auântbs hbhâs l`s iust` `sauajbr qu` sus jmkcs qum`r`n s`r gr``lbna`, p`rc pcr lc h`ncs b lb hèb l` iustñ huajc (hbhâ, sm `stâs l`y`nfc `stc, ¡irbambs! ;) `r`s lb h`kcr). F`oc balbrbr qu` tbrfí `n f`amrlc, pcrqu` pcr huajc tm`hpc p`nsí qu` f` v`rfbf `stb s`rèb unb `tbpb pbsbk`rb. Mnalusc bjcrb h` pbr`a` mnar`èol` qu`, fèb b fèb, h` l`vbnt` smn t`n`r nbfb gmkc, smn t`n`r huy albrc quí `stbrí jbam`nfc `n un h`s, acn quí p`rscnbs c quí prcpñsmtc. ] bunqu` `stb gbltb f` a`rt`zb i`n`rb am`rtb bnsm`fbf sm pm`nsbs f`hbsmbfc `n `llb, `hacntrbtc camñn aubnfc lb acn`atbs acn su`òcs y pcsmomlmfbf`s. Jba`tbhomín un bòci`n`rb gmrhí `l`hcamñn f` brr`nfbhm`ntc f` hm `stufmc pcr un p`rècfc f` fcs bòcs y h` s`ntèb scrpr`nfmfc f` `stbr achprch`tmínfch` b “tbntc tm`hpc‘, b p`sbr f` nc t`n`r nbfb f` trbobkc bi`nfbfc b hâs f` fcs h`s`s. T`rc baâ smic fbnfc lcrb f`spuís f` un bòc. Bl prmnampmc, aubnfc h` `str`sbob pcr lcs prcol`hbs, mnt`ntbob trbnqumlmzbrh`  p`nsbnfc qu` sm yc gu`rb un p`rscnbk` f` un vmf`cku`ic, nc s`rèbn “prcol`hbs‘ smnc “bv`nturbs‘. Vcfbvèb jcy baufc b `s` p`nsbhm`ntc aubnfc h` sm`ntc un pcac bicombfc,  p`rc mnalusc n`a`smtbnfc p`nsbhm`ntcs achc `st`, s`r gr``lbna` `s lc h`kcr qu` h` jb  pbsbfc `n lb vmfb, pcrqu` `s unb h`zalb `ntr` vmvmr f` ll`nc `n `l pr`s`nt`, s`r un v`nf`fcr f` tm hmshc fèb b fèb, bpr`nf`r f` tcfc tcfc `l tm`hpc y fbrt` au`ntb f` qu` `l hunfc `stâacn bjè tcfc pbrb `stc f`vcrârs`lc. @n gmn, lc qu` ousac `s f`amrt` qu` s`r gr``lbna` `s lb o`rrbqu`rb y qu`, bunqu` tm`n` sus prcol`hbs y jby huajc qu` bpr`nf`r ‖tcfc lc ou`nc r`qum`r` bpr`nfmzbk`‖ nc h` mhbimnc hm vmfb smn lbs `hcamcn`s y `xp`rm`nambs f` jbo`rh` f`amfmfc pcr s`r trbobkbfcr mnf`p`nfm`nt`.

22

 

ABTÈVPLC 2

LC RP@ NC Q@ W@ @N MNQVBI_BH; HMVCQ ] _@BLMFBF@Q F@ Q@_  G_@@LBNA@ ³Rum`r`s t`n`r lmo`rtbf gmnbnam`rb, s`r tu prcpmc k`g` y hbn`kbr tu tm`hpc3 Abfb v`z qu` cèhcs `stb grbs`, pcr lc i`n`rbl furbnt` lb llbhbfb f` un bntmiuc acncamfc acn qum`n nc jbolâobhcs jba` bòcs, scl`hcs r`èrncs y lb bscambhcs acn lb mnvmtbamñn  pbrb mnir`sbr b bliûn hultmnmv`l h ultmnmv`l “qu` bp`nbs `stâ ` stâ `ntrbnfc bl pbès y `s unb cpcrtunmfbf ûnmab pbrb qu` jbibs tu prcpmc n`icamc‘. Qmn `hobric, mnf`p`nfm`nt`h`nt` f` qu` `stbs acnfmamcn`s ‖t`n`r lmo`rtbf gmnbnam`rb, hbn`kbr tu tm`hpc y s`r tu prcpmc k`g`‖ s` auhplbn c nc `n un hultmnmv`l, `sb pbr`a` s`r lb mf`b i`n`rbl qu` t`n`hcs f` lcs gr``lbna`; i`nt` qu` acorb lc qu` qum`r`, qu` nc tm`n` k`g`, qu` s` f`spm`rtb tbrf` y trbobkb un pbr f` jcrbs `n un abgí, pbrb t`rhmnbr t`hprbnc ` mrs` b amn`, bl imhnbsmc c `stbr acn lb gbhmlmb. ¡Ckblâ bsè gu`rb! Bunqu` s`r mnf`p`nfm`nt` `s f` lbs h`kcr`s acsbs qu` h` jbn  pbsbfc, y pu`f` qu` `v`ntublh`nt` unc ll`iu` b `s` puntc, lb r`blmfbf `s qu` s`r  gr``lbna` nc `s lmo`rbrs` f` `stcs “hbl`s‘ smnc, hâs om`n, abhombr lb gcrhb `n qu` `stcs gbatcr`s (k`g`s, tm`hpc, mnir`scs) mnt`rbatûbn acn nu`strb vmfb pbrb t`n`r `l tmpc f` r`lbamñn qu` qu`r`hcs. Qm om`n yb nc t`nfr`hcs k`g`s, t`nfr`hcs alm`nt`s5 sm om`n yb nc t`nfr`hcs jcrbrmc, tbhpcac t`nfr`hcs lb a`rt`zb f` sblmr b lbs 0 p.h., y bunqu` yb nc ncs lmhmtbr`hcs b un sblbrmc, tbhpcac t`nfr`hcs prmhb, vbabamcn`s pbibfbs, a`sbntèbs nm un bhcrèc f` `nsu`òc acn lcs fèbs 20 y 14 f` abfb h`s. Tcr `sc `n `st` abpètulc qum`rc jbolbr f` lcs hmtcs y r`blmfbf`s f` s`r gr``lbna` y f` añhc ncs r`lbamcnbhcs acn lcs gbatcr`s qu` mngluy`n `n nu`strb vmfb lbocrbl, ` mnalusc t`  prcpcnfrí bliunbs pr`iuntbs gâaml`s scor` tu prcy`atc f` vmfb pbrb qu` bhocs `st`hcs `n `l hmshc obrac.

F` k`g`s b alm`nt`s Ach`na`hcs pcr `l prmnampmc; `l tírhmnc “gr``lbna`‘, c sus `qumvbl`nt`s “trbobkbfcr c  prcg`smcnbl mnf`p`nfm`nt`‘, ncs jba` p`nsbr qu` nc f`p`nf`r`hcs f` nbfm` y qu`, pcr lc tbntc, jbr`hcs lc qu` qu`rbhcs, smn pr`caupbrncs pcrqu` b bliûn “hblvbfc‘ k`g` l` 2?

 

iust` c nc nu`strc trbobkc, c `stí f` bau`rfc acn íl. Tu`s... lb r`blmfbf `s un pcac fmg`r`nt`, `n lb h`fmfb `n qu`, achc juhbncs f`l smilc xxm, t`n`hcs f`s`cs y n`a`smfbf`s auyb sbtmsgbaamñn, `n huajcs abscs, f`p`nf` f`l fmn`rc y, pcr `nf`, sm `r`s gr``lbna` c `stâs p`nsbnfc `n s`rlc, tm`n`s qu` r`acrfbr qu` `s` fmn`rc tm`n` qu` sblmr f` bliunb pbrt` c, hâs acnar`tbh`nt`, f` bliunb p`rscnb qu`, pbrb pbibrt`, f`o` r`amomr b abhomc blic qu` l` sbtmsgbib unb n`a`smfbf, b un pr`amc qu` acnsmf`r` kustc. Bsè ll`ibhcs b lb furb r`blmfbf; lcs mnf`p`nfm`nt`s nc schcs am`n pcr am`ntc mnf`p`nfm`nt`s,  pu`s s`iumhcs f`p`nfm`nfc f` qu` blium`n bpru`o` lc qu` jba`hcs y lc acnsmf`r` fminc f`l fmn`rc qu` p`fmhcs b abhomc. ¡Tlcp! Aubnfc pbsbhcs f` s`r `hpl`bfcs b s`r mnf`p`nfm`nt`s, r`blh`nt` pbsbhcs f` t`n`r  `g`s b t`n`r alm`nt`s, y bunqu` `stcs scn achc p`qu`òcs k`g`amtcs acn lb hmshb abntmfbf f` n`a`smfbf`s, b fmg`r`namb f` lb r`lbamñn qu` t`n`hcs acn un k`g`, qu` `s f` suocrfmnbamñn, lb r`lbamñn acn un alm`nt` s` pu`f` fbr `n tírhmncs f` miublfbf y acn hâs h âs lmo`rtbf, p`rc nc pbrb jba`r lc qu` unc qum`rb, smnc pbrb fmv`rsmgmabrs` y ousabr ctrcs alm`nt`s. @s f`amr, aubnfc s` tm`n` un k`g`, lb f`p`nf`namb `s f`hbsmbfc fmr`atb, `s unb bpu`stb f` tcfc c nbfb, sclc tm`n`s unc y tm`n`s qu` hbnt`n`rlc acnt`ntc pcrqu` sm `s` `g` f`t`rhmnb qu` hbòbnb nc t` n`a`smtb, pbsbs f` t`n`rlc tcfc  b f`o`rlc tcfc. Aubnfc tm`n`s un alm`nt`, pcr ctrc lbfc, tm`n`s lb lmo`rtbf mnj`r`nt` f` ousabr hâs alm`nt`s y fmv`rsmgmabrt`, y sm unc f` `llcs f`amf` qu` yb nc t` n`a`smtb, pu`s nc `s irbv`, pmqumtc, borbzc y lmstc, smiu`s vmvm`nfc y tm`n`s tm`hpc f` ousabr acn ablhb ctrc alm`nt` qu` achp`ns` `l f`sa`nsc `n tus mnir`scs. Mnalusc sm nmniunc t` fma` qu` nc t` n`a`smtb, tm`n`s lb lmo`rtbf f` s`l`aamcnbr bqu`llcs alm`nt`s acn lcs qu` fmsgrut`s trbobkbr, lc qu` h`kcrb sminmgmabtmvbh`nt` nu`strb ablmfbf f` vmfb. @stc `s lc hâs a`rabnc b mnf`p`nf`namb qu` tm`n` un gr``lbna`, p`rc t` bs`iurc qu` `s unb mnf`p`nf`namb pcr lb qu` vbl` lb p`nb luajbr. @l truac, `ntcna`s, `stâ `n añhc ncs r`lbamcnbhcs acn `scs alm`nt`s, `n `sp`ambl bl  prmnampmc, aubnfc abr`a`hcs f` `xp`rm`namb y pcf`hcs ab`r `n r`lbamcn`s hblsbnbs. Vcfcs (c absm tcfcs) tuvmhcs unb prmh`rb r`lbamñn `ng`rhmzb (`l ncvmc c lb ncvmb tñxmab), f`p`nfm`nt`, ll`nb f` hm`fcs, a`lcs, r`vmsbfbs f` a`lulbr, `n lb qu` pbibhcs tcfbs lbs  prmhmpbrbfbs y f` lb qu` sblmhcs ll`ncs f` hcr`tcn`s `hcamcnbl`s, p`rc `nt`nfm`nfc auântc vbl`hcs r`blh`nt`. Tu`s, pbrb huajcs, mnaluyínfch`, bsè `s `l prmh`r alm`nt`; `s unb acsb bosclutbh`nt` scòbfb y `sp`rbfb, qu` vmc `n ncsctrcs blic qu` nbfm` hâs vmc, ncs qum`r` achc schcs y s`iurc jbstb ncs fma` acsbs lmnfbs `n lbs qu` p`nsbhcs furbnt` jcrbs. Qmn `hobric, huajbs v`a`s pbsb qu` b `st` prmh`r alm`nt` schcs mnabpba`s f`  pcn`rl` lèhmt`s, f` trbtbrlc achc miubl, f` f`amrl` qu` nc, f` mngcrhbrl` auânfc s` `stâ `qumvcabnfc y f` v`rlc achc un p`z hâs `n `l caíbnc f`l hunfc lbocrbl. Bsè pu`s, acn `st` prmh`r k`g` b v`a`s pbsbhcs f` t`n`r k`g`s b t`n`r fu`òcs, pu`s `stcs ncs pcs``n y jba`n lc qu` qum`rbn acn ncsctrcs, nc n`a`sbrmbh`nt` pcrqu` s`bn hblcs c t`nibn hblbs mnt`namcn`s, smnc pcrqu` ncsctrcs nc sbo`hcs hbn`kbr nu`strc lbfc f` lb r`lbamñn y `stb s` vu`lv` hblsbnb. Qclc aubnfc ncs sbturbhcs y blium`n ncs byufb, c aubnfc pbsb un ou`n tm`hpc y lb hbimb f`l prmh`r alm`nt` s` f`svbn`a` acn lb ll`ibfb f` hâs alm`nt`s qu` ncs f`n lb lmo`rtbf `acnñhmab f` r`nunambr `n absc f` 21

 

f`s`brlc, lcirbhcs ach`nzbr b hbn`kbr lb r`lbamñn bf`aubfbh`nt` y b t`n`r un mnt`rabhomc hâs prcg`smcnbl y acrr`atc. @s mhpcrtbnt` balbrbr qu` `l prmh`r alm`nt` sm`hpr` `s `l hâs fmgèaml f` acns`iumr, `s `l prmh`rc qu` “brrm`sib‘ su fmn`rc `n blium`n qu` nc tm`n` `xp`rm`namb achc mnf`p`nfm`nt`, y `stc acntrmouy` b qu` s`b `l qu` hâs f`s`bhcs acns`ntmr y acns`rvbr. ] bunqu` h` `nabntbrèb f`amr qu` jby gcrhb s`iurb f` nc ab`r `n `st` tmpc f` r`lbamcn`s bl  prmnampmc, lb r`blmfbf `s qu` `s pbrt` absm mn`vmtbol` f`l prca`sc, `n `sp`ambl pbrb lcs r`amín `ir`sbfcs, y jby qu` vmvmrlc y bpr`nf`r f` `stbs `xp`rm`nambs pbrb qu`, b h`fmfb qu` pbs` `l tm`hpc, lcir`hcs vblcrbrncs `n nu`strb kustb h`fmfb, bpr`nf`r qu` schcs  ou`ncs p`rc nc p`rg`atcs, qu` `l alm`nt` tbhomín s` `qumvcab p`rc acnca` sus n`a`smfbf`s h`kcr qu` ncsctrcs, y qu` pcf`hcs pcn`r lèhmt`s, p`rc bl gmn y bl aboc scn nu`strcs r`sultbfcs y `l tm`hpc lcs qu` ncs fma`n auânfc `scs lèhmt`s scn kustcs y auânfc scn abprmajcscs. Bunqu` jby huajbs acsbs qu` ncs pu`f`n byufbr b hbn`kbr bf`aubfbh`nt` `stb r`lbamñn, h` btr`v`rèb b f`amr qu` lc qu` h`kcr gunamcnb `s hbnt`n`r lc qu` un bhmic llbhb unb “batmtuf f` n`icamcs‘. @s`namblh`nt` acnsmst` `n qu` pcf`hcs jba`r f` tcfc,  p`rc jbamínfclc acn blturb5 `s f`amr, pu`f`s fbrl` unb òbpb f` tu trbobkc, p`rc qu` nc s` v`b r`iblbfc c gcrzbfc5 c pu`f`s acrr`r b `ntr`ibrl` blic qu` t` pmfmñ b ûltmhc hmnutc,  p`rc nc smn scltbrl` lb grbs`amtb f` “aubfrí pbrb qu` ctrcs alm`nt`s h` fm`rbn `sp`rb ` sp`rb acn uncs prcy`atcs, y bgcrtunbfbh`nt` lcirí t`n`r tu sclmamtuf b tm`hpc‘. Mnalusc sm t` llbhb  pcr t`lígcnc b p`fmrt` unb r`unmñn uri`nt` y tû `stâs vm`nfc lb t`l`ncv`lb, pu`f`s mr  acrrm`nfc, p`rc sm`hpr` y aubnfc l` r`spcnfbs; “V`rhmnc unb r`unmñn `n lb qu` `stcy y sblic fmr`atc pbrb bllâ‘. @n r`suh`n, y `sp`amblh`nt` sm s` trbtb f`l prmh`r alm`nt`, tcfc `s vâlmfc `n lc qu` tm`n` qu` v`r acn acns`ntmrlc y hbnt`n`rlc gm`l, p`rc sm`hpr` y aubnfc lc qu` jbibs s`b vmbol` pbrb tm `n tu n`icamc. @l alm`nt` nunab f`o` fbrs` au`ntb f` qu` t` `stâs “f`sacam`nfc‘ pbrb achplba`rlc, pu`s r`au`rfb qu` `l qu` hu`strb `l jbhor` nc ach`. F`spuís f` qu` j`hcs qu`hbfc lb `tbpb f` lcs k`g`s, y tbhomín j`hcs sup`rbfc lb ípcab f` lcs “fu`òcs‘, `ntrbhcs `n lcs ilcrmcscs; lcs alm`nt`s. @st` `s un hunfc achpl`tbh`nt` fmg`r`nt`, `n `l qu` `hp`zbhcs b trbobkbr acn lbs acsbs hâs hmst`rmcsbs f`l acshcs; lcs juhbncs. Abfb alm`nt` `s un unmv`rsc achpl`tbh`nt` fmg`r`nt` y h`r`a`n bt`namñn, aumfbfc y rm`ic p`rhbn`nt`. Abfb unc f`o` s`ntmr qu` `s `l hâs `sp`ambl y qu` fbs `l 224% pcr íl c `llb. Bun bsè, nc jby unb gcrhb unmv`rsbl f` ll`vbr  `stbs r`lbamcn`s5 `n `s` s`ntmfc, fmrèb qu` `l h`kcr acns`kc qu` t` pu`fc cgr`a`r `s s`r  `hpâtmacs y kustcs, `s f`amr, pcn`rncs `n lcs zbpbtcs f`l alm`nt` y r`acrfbr qu` ncsctrcs tbhomín schcs alm`nt`s `n cabsmcn`s. ] bsè achc b ncsctrcs ncs iustb s`ntmrncs mhpcrtbnt`s, c ncs `nlcqu`a`hcs aubnfc s` ab` `l mnt`rn`t y llbhbhcs b “hbfrmbr‘ b tcfb lb `hpr`sb pcrqu` “yc pbic auhplmfbh`nt` y ust`f`s h` f`kbn smn mnt`rn`t qu` `s acn lc qu` trbobkc‘, bsè tbhomín `l alm`nt` tm`n` `xp`atbtmvbs scor` nu`strc trbobkc, l` iustb s`ntmrs` `sp`ambl y qu` l` fmibn lb v`rfbf y, covmc, tbhomín tm`n` f`r`ajc b s`ntmrs` grustrbfc aubnfc `sbs `xp`atbtmvbs nc s` auhpl`n pcr hctmvcs bk`ncs b íl. 26

 

Hbn`kbrí hm prcpmc tm`hpc; fmsamplmnb, f`bflmn`s, jcrbrmcs Wmvmr smn jcrbrmcs pu`f` s`r f`lmamcsc c p`lmircsc bl hmshc tm`hpc, s`iûn nu`strb abpbamfbf f` s`r fmsamplmnbfcs y cribnmzbfcs, pu`s hbn`kbr nu`strc tm`hpc pu`f` s`r un brhb f` fcol` gmlc. Bsè achc `s pcsmol` qu` t` l`vbnt`s b lbs 24 b.h. y t`nibs tbn sclc un  pbr f` p`nfm`nt`s `n tu bi`nfb pbrb t`rhmnbr t`rhmnbr b lbs ? p.h. ` mrt` b amn`, tbhomín pu`f` qu` t`rhmn`s f` trbobkbr b lbs 22 p.h., smn pcsmomlmfbf f` r`albhbrl` b nbfm` qu` b lbs 0 p.h. t`rhmnb tu kcrnbfb y tm`n`s f`r`ajc b mrt` b absb. @n lb vmfb smn jcrbrmcs `s `s`nambl ll`vbr `l acntrcl f` tus tbr`bs, pu`s f` lc acntrbrmc  pu`f`s pbsbrt` tcfc `l fèb trbobkbnfc pcrqu` sm`hpr` jby bblic lic p`nfm`nt` pcr jba`r c pcr  bf`lbntbr. @ntcna`s f`kbs f` t`n`r amalcs f` trbobkc y vmfb p`rscnbl y achm`nzbs b h`zalbrlcs f` gcrhb hblsbnb jbstb qu` babobs cfmbnfc tus kcrnbfbs y smntmínfct` abnsbfc y f`shctmvbfc. Tbrb `stc t`nic unb lmstb f` amnac albv`s puntubl`s;

2. Ar`b un jâomtc hbtutmnc colmibtcrmc.  Tcr bliunb `xtrbòb rbzñn, lb hbòbnb rmnf` huajc hâs qu` lb tbrf`, p`rc `s hâs fmgèaml f` bprcv`ajbr pu`s sm nc tm`n`s un achprchmsc acn blic c blium`n bk`nc b tm, s` vu`lv` unb luajb sblmr f`l borbzc `t`rnc f` tus acomkbs. Tbrb `stc r`achm`nfc i`n`rbr un jâomtc qu` t` colmiu` b sblmr f` lb abhb y qu`fbr lmor` t`hprbnc. Trcirbhbr tcfbs tus r`unmcn`s b prmh`rb jcrb `s unb ou`nb gcrhb f` ibrbntmzbr qu`, sè c sè, sblfrâs f` lb abhb y jbrâs qu` tu fèb rmnfb, pu`s tbn prcntc t`rhmnbs lb r`unmñn, qu`fbs lmstc pbrb sbabr `l hâxmhc prcv`ajc f` lbs jcrbs fmurnbs lbocrbl`s y achpl`tbr hâs tbr`bs. Ctrb ou`nb mf`b `s mnsarmomrt` `n unb albs`, pcr `k`hplc `n un imhnbsmc, bnt`s f` prmh`rb jcrb, pbrb ibrbntmzbr bsè qu` f`sf` huy t`hprbnc `stbrâs lmstc, f`spm`rtc y obòbfc, f` gcrhb qu` tu fèb rmnfb bl hâxmhc. F` `stb hbn`rb, lbs tbrf`s y lbs ncaj`s s`rân `nt`rbh`nt` pbrb tu vmfb p`rscnbl. ?. Lc qu` nc s` pcn` `n lb bi`nfb, nc `xmst`.   Aubnfc ach`nzbhcs b trbobkbr achc mnf`p`nfm`nt`s `s huy gâaml qu`, f`omfc b qu` t`n`hcs pcac glukc f` trbobkc, ncs bacstuhor`hcs b acngmbr ûnmab y `nt`rbh`nt` `n nu`strb h`hcrmb pbrb r`acrfbr lcs  p`nfm`nt`s y bfhmnmstrbr@n `l tm`hpc. tm`st` `hpc. T`rcqum`rc b h`fmfb qu` ar`a`hcs, `l usc unb bi`nfb s` vu`lv` mhpr`samnfmol`. puntc prcpcn`rt` qu` us`s unbf`bi`nfb qu` s` smnarcnma` fmimtblh`nt`, pcr `k`hplc, acn tu acrr`c `l`atrñnmac, pu`s bsè lb tm`n`s r`spblfbfb `n absc f` pírfmfb f`l a`lulbr y tm`n`s baa`sc b `llb tcfc `l tm`hpc. Lc mf`bl `s mnalumr `n lb bi`nfb tbntc bqu`llbs batmvmfbf`s achpbrtmfbs acn ctrbs p`rscnbs ‖pcr  `k`hplc, r`unmcn`s‖ achc tbhomín bqu`llbs qu` r`blmzbhcs `n sclmtbrmc, achc `l trbobkc `n sè hmshc. @stc t` p`rhmt` ablaulbr bf`aubfbh`nt` lcs tm`hpcs f` `ntr`ib y `l trâgmac f` trbobkc. Vbn prcntc un alm`nt` t` `ntr`iu` un r`qu`rmhm`ntc, f`o`s s`pbrbr un tm`hpc pbrb `k`autbrlc, pu`s `stc nc sclc t` byufb b hctmvbrt` b jba`rlc aubntc bnt`s y `n un hbri`n f` tm`hpc lèhmt`, smnc qu` t` p`rhmt` ablaulbr f` gcrhb r`blmstb y s`iurb auânfc s` lc `ntr`ibrâs. Bf`hâs, sm r`amo`s vbrmcs `nabrics smhultân`bh`nt`, t` p`rhmt` v`r acn albrmfbf b quí t` `stâs achprch`tm`nfc y prmcrmzbr tus p`nfm`nt`s y tbr`bs. 1. Víanmab Tchcfcrc. Lcs mtblmbncs llbhbn bl tchbt`  pchcfcrc y bsè tbhomín llbhbn b 20

 

lcs r`lck`s r`ir`smvcs f` acamnb acn gcrhb f` tchbt`. Lb “tíanmab pchcfcrc‘, f`sbrrcllbfb pcr Grbna`sac Amrmllc b gmnbl`s f` lcs caj`ntb, `s lb prâatmab f` fmstrmoumr  bf`aubfbh`nt` `l tm`hpc `n amalcs f` trbobkc y f` camc, acn lb byufb f` `stcs  pmntcr`sacs r`lck`s f` acamnb. Batublh`nt`, lcs t`lígcncs a`lulbr`s y ctrcs fmspcsmtmvcs `l`atrñnmacs ‖acn su wjbtsbpp, mnstbirbh y ycutuo`‖ scn unb bh`nbzb p`rhbn`nt` f` fmstrbaamñn y lc qu` `stb tíanmab prcpcn`, hâs qu` luajbr acntrb `llb, `s fbrl` su kustc luibr. Lb “tíanmab pchcfcrc‘ t` mnvmtb b achprbr un r`lckmllc f` acamnb y usbrlc pbrb ar`br amalcs f` acna`ntrbamñn y camc `n lcs qu`, pcr `k`hplc, s` f`stmn`n ?0 hmnutcs b trbobkbr `n unb tbr`b, smn jba`r nbfb hâs bpbrt` f` lb tbr`b `ntr` hbncs (nc s` r`vmsb acrr`c, nm s` hmrb `l a`lulbr, nm ncs l`vbntbhcs pcr un vbsmtc f` biub… sclc bvbnzbhcs `n `l trbobkc) y lu`ic ctrcs 0 pbrb clvmfbrncs pcr achpl`tc f`l trbobkc y f`fmabrncs bl camc; r`vmsbhcs `l a`lulbr, bormhcs ycutuo`, ncs pr`pbrbhcs un abgí, `ta. Bsè, acn lb byufb f`l r`lckmllc f` acamnb pbrb ll`vbr `stcs tm`hpcs, cptmhmzbrâs huajèsmhc tu trbobkc y lcirbrâs tbhomín t`n`r hch`ntcs f` camc y `spbramhm`ntc. Tcr `xp`rm`namb p`rscnbl t` bs`iurc qu` bsè rmnf` hâs `l tm`hpc.

6. Q`pbrb luibr`s.  Lcs `spbamcs scn, `n `s`namb, prcy`aamcn`s `xt`rnbs f` nu`strcs `stbfcs mnt`rncs5 pcr `sc, trbobkbr `n tu aubrtc, bl lbfc f` lb abhb f`st`nfmfb y acn `l t`l`vmscr `na`nfmfc `sauajbnfc “Lburb `n Bhírmab‘, nc `s lb h`kcr mf`b pbrb acna`ntrbrs` y `ntrbr `n unb cnfb lbocrbl. Bf`hâs, `n acntrbvèb f` lc qu` huajcs s` mhbimnbn, f`spuís f` bkustbr tr`s fèbs s`iumfcs `n pmkbhb, unc achm`nzb b f`prmhmrs` `n luibr f` s`ntmrs` `hpcf`rbfc. Bsè, f`o`hcs ousabr un `spbamc qu` ncs byuf` b trbobkbr  y b `ntrbr `n lb smntcnèb bf`aubfb pbrb jba`rlc f` gcrhb ñptmhb. Qm mnmamblh`nt` nc tm`n`s sugmam`nt`s r`aurscs pbrb blqumlbr unb cgmamnb c pbrb mr b un abgí, pcfrèbs cptbr pcr unb  omolmct`ab c, bl h`ncs, un `spbamc `n absb qu` s`b fmg`r`nt` f` lb jbomtbamñn y qu` t`  p`rhmtb s`ntmrt` trbobkbnfc f` v`rfbf. 0. Lmstbs, lmstbs y hâs lmstbs;  Gmnblh`nt` h` iustbrèb jba`r íngbsms `n lb mhpcrtbnamb f` t`n`r lmstbs, f` acnsminbr tus tbr`bs `n lmor`tbs y bpunt`s y nc f`kbrlbs ûnmabh`nt` `n tu h`nt` ybyqu` `stbqu` pu`f` gbllbr.prcfua`s Bf`hâs,ync jby`gmam`nt`. nbfb hâs qu` tbajbr unbachc tbr`byc, f` unb lmstb s`ntmr bvbnzbs, `r`s Qmnrmac `hobric, sm `r`s `s pcsmol` qu` râpmfbh`nt` achm`na`s b ll`nbrt` f` lmstbs; lbs p`rscnbl`s, lbs f`l trbobkc, lbs uri`nt`s, lb f` tbl prcy`atc, lb f` lbs acsbs qu` qum`r`s jba`r pbrb ar`a`r tbn prcntc t`nibs un tm`hpc lmor`, lbs f` lbs acsbs colmibtcrmbs p`rc qu` nc sm`nt`s qu` s`bn tbn mhpcrtbnt`s (achc pbibr `l plbn f`l a`lulbr), `ta. Bnt`s f` qu` t` `nlcqu`zabs, t`  prcpcnic un hcf`lc f` lmstb usbfc pcr `l `xpr`smf`nt` bh`rmabnc Fwmijt @ms`njcw`r, achûnh`nt` acncamfc achc lb “abkb f` @ms`njcw`r‘ c `l “hítcfc @ms`njcw`r‘ (qum`n `rb gbhcsc pcrqu`, bun sm`nfc `l pr`smf`nt` f` lcs @stbfcs Pnmfcs, lb p`rscnb hâs caupbfb f`l hunfc sm lc qum`r`s v`r f` ctrb hbn`rb, t`nèb tm`hpc pbrb kuibr iclg acn lcs bhmics). @n `st` hcf`lc fmspcn`s f` aubtrc `spbamcs `n lcs qu` pu`f`s fmstrmoumr tus  p`nfm`nt`s mhpcrtbnamb y scn su uri`namb. qu` `n `st` `k`ramamc lbss`iûn acsbssu “mhpcrtbnt`s‘ lbs qu` Jby tm`n`squ`qu`balbrbr, jba`r `sc tû sè, p`rscnblh`nt`. 27

 

@ntcna`s, sm blic `s pcac mhpcrtbnt` p`rc uri`nt` (achc pbibr `l plbn f`l a`lulbr), f`o`s f`l`ibrlc (qu` vbyb “un rbppm‘ y lc pbiu`)5 sm blic `s huy mhpcrtbnt` p`rc pcac uri`nt` (achc jba`r un aursc qu` t` ablmgmabrâ pbrb nu`vcs r`tcs), f`o`s bi`nfbrlc c  prcirbhbrlc5 sm blic `s pcac mhpcrtbnt` y pcac uri`nt`, f`o`s f`s`ajbrlc c pcn`rlc f` ûltmhc, y sm blic `s mhpcrtbnt` y uri`nt`, achc pbsbr unb actmzbamcn f` un prcy`atc c `nvmbr un mngcrh`, f`o`s jba`rlc bjcrb hmshc. Baâ t` f`kc `l hcf`lc;

Bl gmnbl f`l lmorc, tbhomín `nacntrbrâs bliunbs bpps y j`rrbhm`ntbs f` irbn utmlmfbf pbrb i`stmcnbr tus prcy`atcs. Tcr ûltmhc, y achc òbpb, qum`rc jbolbr f` blic huy puntubl qu` ach`nzbrâs b nctbr  aubnfc `hpm`a`s b trbobkbr achc gr``lbna`; `l tm`hpc `s tu r`aursc hâs vblmcsc. Aubnfc `stâs trbobkbnfc `n unb `hpr`sb t` pbibn pcr tu tm`hpc y, jbibs lc qu` jbibs, tm`n`s qu` `stbr bllè cajc jcrbs abfb fèb c bl h`ncs fmspcnmol` pbrb lb `hpr`sb furbnt` `s` tm`hpc. @n `stbs acnfmamcn`s, cptmhmzbr tu tm`hpc y fbrl` ou`n usc nc r`pr`s`ntb nmniûn  o`n`gmamc fmstmntc f` bf`lbntbr trbobkc y qumtbrt` blic f` `strís, pu`s bunqu` t`nibs huajbs tbr`bs bf`lbntbfbs, bl fèb smium`nt` t`nfrâs qu` `stbr f` nu`vc `n `l trbobkc furbnt` cajc jcrbs, bsè s`b pbrb v`r `l t`ajc y lbs plbntbs ar`a`r. Tcr ctrc lbfc, aubnfc `r`s gr``lbna`, jba`r un trbobkc râpmfbh`nt` sminmgmab qu` t` pbibrân hâs pcr h`ncs tm`hpc, pcr `nf`, pcfrâs ba`ptbr hâs trbobkcs y tus mnir`scs buh`ntbrân5 y sm nc qum`r`s r`amomr hâs trbobkc, pu`s t`nfrâs hâs tm`hpc lmor`. V` mnvmtc, `ntcna`s, b cptmhmzbr bl hâxmhc tu tm`hpc, pu`s `sb `s tu hbt`rmb prmhb y `l gbatcr acntrb `l aubl pu`f`s `vblubr  tu f`s`hp`òc, sm`hpr` acn lb h`kcr ablmfbf. 29

 

Wmvm`nfc `xtrbvbibnt`h`nt` `xtrbvbibnt`h`nt` y gmbnfc pb”l ous; BOA f` lbs gmnbnzbs p`rscnbl`s/lbocrbl`s Lbs gmnbnzbs nc tm`n`n pcr quí s`r fmgèaml`s c bniustmbnt`s, b h`ncs qu` l`s f`hcs un hbl hbn`kc. @n hm `xp`rm`namb, un hbl hbn`kc `s, `s`namblh`nt`, nc sbo`r prmcrmzbr lcs ibstcs y ibstbr lc qu` nc t`n`hcs. Tcr `st` hctmvc qum`rc ach`nzbr pcr r`vmsbr bliuncs acna`ptcs oâsmacs scor` añhc usbr `l fmn`rc qu` ncs `ntrb f` gcrhb mnt`lmi`nt` y scst`nmol`.

Nc pcn`r tcfcs lcs ju`vcs `n lb hmshb abnbstb Bkâ, nbfb qu` jba`r, lc prmh`rc y lc hâs mhpcrtbnt` qu` qum`rc f`amr, `n `sp`ambl b lcs qu` `stân ach`nzbnfc, `s qu` `s n`a`sbrmc fmv`rsmgmabr tbntc achc s`b pcsmol`. Lbs rbzcn`s scn hûltmpl`s; lc prmh`rc `s qu`, aubnfc `stâs ach`nzbnfc y bp`nbs `stâs “tbnt`bnfc `l t`rr`nc‘, bûn nc sbo`s acn a`rt`zb quí tbn `stbol`s y r`aurr`nt`s s`rân tus mnir`scs mnmambl`s, y pcr `llc lc mf`bl `s qu` t` fmv`rsmgmqu`s pbrb r`fuamr bl hènmhc `l rm`sic f` qu`fbrt` `n a`rcs. Aubnfc fmic qu` t` fmv`rsmgmqu`s, lc fmic huy `n s`rmc, bun sm fmv`rsmgmabrt` mhplmab cgr`a`r c prcfuatcs qu`b nc acnstmtuy`n tu `h`tb ûltmhb y scòbfb, p`rc qu` qu` f` t` byufbn bs`rvmamcs `stbomlmzbr tus mnir`scs, ar`a`r sbnbh`nt` mnalusc b bpblbnabr bqu`llc v`rfbf qum`r`s jba`r. Tcr `k`hplc, sm `r`s psmañlcic y tu su`òc `s s`r psmañlcic alènmac f` pbr`kbs, tbl v`z bl prmnampmc nc t`nibs lb sugmam`nt` abntmfbf f` pbam`nt`s/pbr`kbs pbrb scst`n`rt` c mnalusc pbrb pbibr `l acnsultcrmc qu` n`a`smtbs pbrb jba`r acnsultb. Bf`hâs, `s pcsmol` qu` lbs prmh`rbs pbr`kbs b lbs qu` btm`nfbs f`sacntmnû`n tus s`rvmamcs pcr  hctmvcs bk`ncs b tm y pcr `sc lb mf`b f` f`fmabrt` mnmamblh`nt` f` gcrhb `xalusmvb b lb t`rbpmb f` pbr`kbs nc sclc `s pcac scst`nmol` smnc huy rm`sicsb. Tcr `l acntrbrmc, sm aubnfc achm`nzbs b trbobkbr t` fmv`rsmgmabs y cgr`a`s tbhomín `l s`rvmamc f` bs`scrèb b `hpr`sbs `n t`hbs f` almhb lbocrbl, jba`s prca`scs f` s`l`aamñn ` mnalusc cgr`a`s `l s`rvmamc f` psmaclcièb `fuabtmvb b mnstmtuamcn`s, c acnsultbs y t`rbpmbs p`rscnbl`s, vbs b t`n`r hâs `stbomlmfbf `vmf`nt`h`nt`, mnir`scs b pbibr tub acnsultcrmc y scst`n`rt`y,jbstb qu` t`nibs hbycr`s un glukc f` pbr`kbsqu` qu`t`t` byufbrân p`rhmtb ach`nzbr r`ajbzbr lcs ctrcs trbobkcs. V` lc fma` blium`n qu` qu`rèb f`fmabrs` b lb gctcirbgèb y b lb mnv`stmibamñn f` h`rabfcs, p`rc qu` hm`ntrbs s` `stbomlmzbob trbobkñ achc prcg`scr f` mnilís, achhunmty hbnbi`r , fms`òbfcr y acng`r`namstb (`stc bûn lc jbic y h` `nabntb… tcfc pbsb pcr blic). Bl ach`nzbr, `ntcna`s, lb mf`b `s i`n`rbr tbntbs gu`nt`s f` mnir`sc, y tbn fmv`rsbs, achc s`b pcsmol`, pbrb t`n`r un nmv`l r`lbtmvc f` trbnqumlmfbf hm`ntrbs tu lèn`b f` trbobkc  prmnampbl s` f`sbrrcllb lc sugmam`nt` sugmam`nt` achc pbrb f`fmabrt` `xalusmvbh`nt` b `llb.

Q`pbrbr lbs gmnbnzbs `ntr` lbocrbl`s y p`rscnbl`s @l s`iunfc puntc `n `l qu` qumsm`rb jba`r íngbsms `s qu` `s huy n`a`sbrmc s`pbrbr lbs gmnbnzbs f`l trbobkc f` lbs qu` acrr`spcnf`n b tu vmfb p`rscnbl. B p`sbr f` qu`, aubnfc 2:

 

`r`s gr``lbna`, `l qu` ibnb y `l qu` ibstb `n lb prâatmab `s `l hmshc, `n lb t`crèb y `n tu `struaturb h`ntbl f`o`n s`r fcs p`rscnbs fmg`r`nt`s; lb qu` prcfua` mnir`scs y jba` qu` tcfc `xmstb y smib hbrajbnfc, y lb qu` ibstb acn lcs `xa`f`nt`s f` lb prmh`rb y s` vb b Qbn Bnfrís f` gmn f` s`hbnb. T`rc sm lb prmh`rb nc tm`n` pbrb pbibr `l mnt`rn`t acn `l qu` trbobkb, lb s`iunfb huajc h`ncs vb b t`n`r pbrb pbibr `l tmqu`t` b Qbn Bnfrís. Tcr `sc `s f` vmtbl mhpcrtbnamb qu` jbibs un acst`c y un pr`supu`stc f` lc r`qum`r`s pbrb pcf`r  cp`rbr prcg`smcnblh`nt` y sclc aubnfc t`nibs mnir`scs sup`rmcr`s b `s` pr`supu`stc, achm`na`s b fbrt` iustcs y “lukcs‘.

Bsminbrs` un sblbrmc tcp` B h`fmfb qu` vbs ar`am`nfc, `s huy prcobol` qu` `hpm`a`s b t`n`r mnir`scs sup`rmcr`s b lcs qu` mnmamblh`nt` jboèbs plbn`bfc (sm`hpr` y aubnfc jbybs r`blmzbfc unb ou`nb `struaturb f` acstcs, achc v`r`hcs hâs bf`lbnt`). Tcr `sc `s r`ach`nfbol` qu`, smn mhpcrtbr auântc fmn`rc s`b tu mnir`sc, t`nibs un tcp` f` ibstcs y t` mhbimn`s qu` tm`n`s un sblbrmc lmhmtbfc, nc sclc pcrqu` pu`f`n ll`ibr vbabs glbabs y `s mhpcrtbnt` t`n`r un r`spblfc gmnbnam`rc qu` t` fí trbnqumlmfbf, smnc pcrqu` ibstbr tcfc lc qu` `ntrb s`rèb  prmvbr bl n`icamc f` pcf`r ar`a`r. @n luibr f` ibstbrlc tcfc sm`hpr` f`o`s f`kbr un `xa`f`nt` pbrbs`rèb, mnv`rtmr s`b `n mnv`rtmr `l n`icamc c `n tm, achc hctcr f` tu n`icamc. Mnv`rtmr  `n `l n`icamc pcr yb `k`hplc, `n un bsmst`nt` c un `hpl`bfc, c `n h`kcrbr `l `spbamc f` trbobkc, c `n j`rrbhm`ntbs pbrb cptmhmzbr lb gcrhb achc trbobkbs, c `n  prcpm`fbf`s c tètulcs qu` t` p`rhmtbn abpmtblmzbr `l grutc f` tu trbobkc. Mnv`rtmr `n tm achpr`nf` acsbs tbn fmv`rsbs achc h`kcrbr tu abpbamtbamñn c achprbr un s`iurc f` vmfb, pcr `k`hplc. Qmn `hobric, aubnfc s` `s trbobkbfcr mnf`p`nfm`nt`, lc qu` mnvm`rtbs `n tm r`funfbrâ `n tu n`icamc, y vma`v`rsb.

F`stmnbr un pcra`ntbk` b lb abpbamtbamñn pbrb s`r abfb v`z hâs achp`tmtmvc @n lb hmshb lèn`b f`l puntc bnt`rmcr, tcfbs lbs `hpr`sbs, y tû nc `r`s lb `xa`pamñn, f`o`n s`pbrbr unb pbrt` f` sus mnir`scs pbrb prcy`atcs f` `xpbnsmñn y ar`amhm`ntc. Pnb `hpr`sb bjcrrb pbrb h`kcrbr sus mnstblbamcn`s, pcr `k`hplc, c pbrb acns`iumr hâs `hpl`bfcs, c bormr nu`vbs s`f`s, u cgr`a`r nu`vcs s`rvmamcs. F` lb hmshb hbn`rb, tû f`o`s ibrbntmzbr tu scst`nmhm`ntc `n `l tm`hpc vclvmínfct` abfb v`z hâs achp`tmtmvc y `stc mhplmab hbnt`n`rs` sm`hpr` bl fèb scor` lb `vcluamñn f`l cgmamc, lbs ûltmhbs j`rrbhm`ntbs fmspcnmol`s y lbs nu`vbs t`nf`nambs, `ntr` ctrcs. Tu`s achc fma` un vm`kc bfbimc `hpr`sbrmbl; `l qu` nc ar`a`, tm`nf` b f`sbpbr`a`r.

Mnv`rtmr Tcr ûltmhc, y t`nm`nfc albrc qu` `st` nc `s un lmorc scor` tu prcy`atc f` vmfb c añhc jba`r plbn`s gmnbnam`rcs, t` r`achm`nfc qu` mnvm`rtbs `n blic qu` t` colmiu` b s`pbrbr  h`s b h`s un fmn`rc pbrb qu`, b guturc, t`nibs un abpmtbl qu` prcfuzab fmn`rc pbrb tm y bsè fmspcnibs f` hâs lmo`rtbf bl hch`ntc f` trbobkbr y vmvmr. 2=

 

Lb tusb f`l gr``lbna`; añhc ba`ptbr `l r`ajbzc f` un alm`nt` Bunqu` `stc nunab lc v`hcs `n Mnstbirbh y supcn`hcs qu` nbfm` hâs lc sugr` bf`hâs f` ncsctrcs (nbturblh`nt`, pcrqu` nbfm` puolmab sus f`rrctbs), unb pbrt` mhpcrtbnt` f` lb vmfb f` aublqum`r mnf`p`nfm`nt`, ` mnalusc f` lbs `hpr`sbs, `s `l r`ajbzc y lb abpbamfbf f` scor`pcn`rs` b `st` smn s`ntmrs` `hcamcnblh`nt` f`strumfc (`sc qu` bliuncs llbhbn “uhorbl f` grustrbamñn‘ c, hâs r`am`nt`h`nt`, “r`smlm`namb‘, `sb pblbormtb qu` huajcs ll`vbn tbtubfb `n `l p`ajc y lb `spblfb jcy `n fèb). @n tírhmncs `stbfèstmacs, lb hbycrèb f` lbs p`rscnbs y lbs `hpr`sbs acn lbs qu` ncs `nacntrbr`hcs b lc lbric f` lb vmfb nunab acnsuhmrân, nm jbn acnsuhmfc, nu`strcs s`rvmamcs c prcfuatcs, y nc pcrqu` s`bn f` hblb ablmfbf smnc pcrqu` nc n`a`sbrmbh`nt` lcs qum`r`n c lcs n`a`smtbn. Qmn `hobric, abfb v`z qu` ncs fma`n f` gr`nt` qu` “nc‘, ncs s`ntmhcs f`vbstbfcs, b p`sbr f` qu` `s blic qu` ncsctrcs tbhomín jba`hcs  p`rhbn`nt`h`nt`, abfb v`z qu` pbsbhcs bl gr`nt` f` un r`stburbnt` y nc `ntrbhcs, c ncs llbhbn f`l obnac y l`s sbabhcs `l au`rpc. Bsè achc acnsmf`rbhcs qu` f`vclv`r blic qu` ncs cgr`a`n `n un s`hâgcrc c un ous `s “pbrt` f` lb vmfb‘, f`o`hcs bpr`nf`r b tcl`rbr lcs r`ajbzcs y lb ûnmab gcrhb `s “sbabnfc abllc‘ y fânfcncs au`ntb f` qu` `s` “nc‘ nc `s un r`ajbzc p`rscnbl y nc tm`n` qu` v`r acn lc qu` jba`hcs smnc acn lb smtubamñn `n lb qu` `stân lcs ctrcs. Achc qum`n fma`, “nc scy yc, `r`s tû‘.

³Auânfc t`nic vbabamcn`s3 H` `nabntbrèb f`amrt` qu` lbs t`nfrâs aubnfc qum`rbs, p`rc lb r`blmfbf `s qu`, aubnfc `r`s gr``lbna`, lc hâs sbomc `s tchbr vbabamcn`s aubnfc s`b hâs acnv`nm`nt` `n tírhmncs f` tu trbobkc, `s f`amr, aubnfc bg`at`s lc h`ncs pcsmol` b tus alm`nt`s y, pcr  `nf`, t`nibs h`ncr rm`sic f` qu`, bl n`a`smtbr blic y nc `nacntrbrt`, ousqu`n nu`vcs  prcv``fcr`s. Tcr ctrb pbrt`, sm lcirbs accrfmnbr acn tus alm`nt`s f` bnt`hbnc `l glukc f` trbobkc y f`kbr tcfc cribnmzbfc y pr`pbrbfc `n absc qu` t` r`qum`rbn, pu`f`s trbnqumlc, pu`s tu alm`nt` s`ntmrâ nc sclc qu` `r`s huy f` prcg`smcnbl smnc qu` lc tm`n`smrt` `n au`ntb. Bsè, bnt`s f` tchbr vbabamcn`s t` r`achm`nfc qu` f`k`s pbsbr pcr lc h`ncs un bòc,  pbrb f`t`atbr `n quí ípcab c hch`ntc `s hâs gâaml qu` t` bus`nt`s. F` r`stc, lb gr`au`namb y furbamñn f` lbs vbabamcn`s f`p`nf`n f` tu armt`rmc y tu pr`supu`stc, pu`s bsè achc jby fèbs `n lcs qu` tbl v`z nc t`nibs nbfb p`nfm`nt` y t`nibs unb `sp`am` f` hmnm-vbabamcn`s, tbhomín jborâ h`s`s `n qu` nc pcfrâs pbrbr f` trbobkbr nm lcs gmn`s f` s`hbnb. F` hcfc qu` bprcv`ajb abfb cabsmñn qu` t`nibs pbrb f`sabnsbr y aubfrb f` bnt`hbnc acn tus alm`nt`s aublqum`r bus`namb lbrib.

³@ntcna`s yb pu`fc suomr b hm Mnstbirbh gctcs `n abgís jmpst`r3 ?4

 

Albrc qu` sè, t` lc jbs ibnbfc.

AJ@AELMQV TB_B _@AC_FB_ ] H@FM_ BWBNA@Q  Aubnfc pbsbhcs f` s`r `hpl`bfcs b s`r mnf`p`nfm`nt`s, r`blh`nt` pbsbhcs f` t`n`r  `g`s b t`n`r alm`nt`s, y bunqu` `stcs scn achc p`qu`òcs k`g`amtcs, b fmg`r`namb f` lb r`lbamñn un k`g`, qu` f` suocrfmnbamñn, lb r`lbamñn acn un alm`nt` s`  pu`f` fbrqu` `n t`n`hcs tírhmncsacn f` miublfbf y acn`shâs lmo`rtbf.   @n lb “vmfb smn jcrbrmcs‘ `s `s`nambl ll`vbr `l acntrcl f` lbs tbr`bs, pbrb `sc t` r`achm`nfc pcn`r `n prâatmab `stbs amnac albv`s f`l hbn`kc f`l tm`hpc; • Ar`b un jâomtc hbtutmnc qu` t` colmiu` b l`vbntbrt` f` lb abhb. • Bir`ib `n unb bi`nfb fmimtbl tcfcs tus achprchmscs y tbr`bs. • Psb lb tíanmab pchcfcrc. • V`n un luibr `sp`aègmac pbrb trbobkbr. • Jbz lmstbs f` tcfc y pr`g`rmol`h`nt` usbnfc `l “hítcfc @ms`njcw`r‘.  Lbs gmnbnzbs nc tm`n`n pcr quí s`r un fclcr f` abo`zb5 pbrb bpr`nf`r b hbn`kbrlbs, nc clvmf`s `stcs acns`kcs; • Nc pcnibs tcfcs lcs ju`vcs `n lb hmshb abnbstb. • Q`pbrb lbs gmnbnzbs p`rscnbl`s f` lbs lbocrbl`s. • V`n un tcp` f` ibstcs. • Iubrfb r`lmimcsbh`nt` blic pbrb abpbamtbrt`. • Bpr`nf` b mnv`rtmr.  Ru` t` r`ajba`n unb cg`rtb nc `s `l gmn f` lb vmfb. Jby qu` bpr`nf`r b scor`vmvmr bl “nc‘.   Bunqu` s`r gr``lbna` nc sminmgmqu` vmvmr f` vbabamcn`s, tbhpcac sminmgmab f`kbr f` t`n`rlbs f` pcr vmfb.

?2

 

ABTÈVPLC ?

ABL@NVBNFC HCVC_@Q ³Ruí ncs sbañ f` lbs cgmamnbs y ncs h`tmñ `n lcs abgís3 Tbrb nbfm` `s un s`ar`tc qu` lbs nu`vbs i`n`rbamcn`s l` t`n`hcs gcomb (f`l irm`ic jcocs, qu` sminmgmab hm`fc) b lcs jcrbrmcs, lcs k`g`s, lb hcnctcnèb y lcs auoèaulcs. Qmn `hobric, nc sm`hpr` t`n`hcs miubl f` albrcs nu`strcs su`òcs y lb f`gmnmamñn f` g`lmamfbf, y `n su f`g`atc ncs qu`fbhcs acn grbs`s f` lbs r`f`s scambl`s tbl`s achc “`l hunfc `s un lmorc y nc vmbkbr `s achc qu`fbrs` `n unb sclb pâimnb‘. Yjbt3 Tcr `sc h`  pbr`a` mhpcrtbnt` qu` ncs f`t`nibhcs un hch`ntc `n `st` puntc, acn `l gmn f` `nt`nf`r  quí qu`r`hcs y, pcr `nf`, sbo`r jbamb fñnf` fmrmimr nu`strcs prñxmhcs pbscs. Hm hbhâ sm`hpr` fma` qu` unc “b v`a`s abhmnb jbamb bf`lbnt` pcr lb acngmiurbamñn f` lcs pm`s‘, p`rc ³fñnf` qu`fb “bf`lbnt`‘3 Hâs qu` un gmn `n sè hmshc, s`r gr``lbna` `s un h`fmc pbrb ll`ibr b un gmn. @s` cok`tmvc `s t`n`r lb vmfb qu` qu`r`hcs, yb s`b fânfcl`  prmcrmfbf bl tm`hpc `n gbhmlmb, bl fmn`rc, b lcs vmbk`s, b lcs jcoom`s, b lb lmo`rtbf f` trbobkbr abfb fèb `n blic nu`vc, c lc qu` abfb unc acnsmf`r` qu` l` vb b bpcrtbr hâs vblcr b su vmfb. @n `sb lèn`b, t` f`kc bliunbs pr`iuntbs qu` t` mnvmtc b acnt`stbr acn tctbl jcn`stmfbf; • Qm hbòbnb t` ibnbrbs lb lct`rèb y nc tuvm`rbs qu` vclv`r b trbobkbr pcr fmn`rc furbnt` `l r`stc f` tu vmfb, y bfmamcnblh`nt` yb tuvm`rbs tcfc lc qu` sm`hpr` qumsmst` y yb juom`s`s vmbkbfc b tcfcs lcs luibr`s qu` sm`hpr` scòbst`, ³quí jbrèbs3 ³Añhc s`rèb tu rutmnb fmbrmb3 ³@n quí mnv`rtmrèbs tu tm`hpc3 ³Tbrb quí t` l`vbntbrèbs abfb hbòbnb3 ³Ruí `stbrèbs jbam`nfc un hbrt`s b lbs = b.h., hm`ntrbs tcfcs trbobkbn3 ³] b lbs 1 p.h.3 ³] b lbs = p.h.3 • Lc qu` `stufmbst` nc n`a`sbrmbh`nt` `s lc qu` jbrâs, bsè qu` clvèfbt` f` `s` hclf` y  pm`nsb quí `s lc qu` r`blh`nt` t` iustb jba`r. Lb pr`iuntb yb nc `s quí qum`r`s `stufmbr, smnc quí qum`r`s jba`r `l r`stc f` lb vmfb. V` lc fma` blium`n qu` `stufmñ fms`òc vmsubl y trbobkb `n mnv`stmibamñn ach`rambl. F`spuís f` t`rhmnbr lb unmv`rsmfbf, tcfc pu`f` vclv`r b s`r nu`vc, sm `sc `s lc qu` qum`r`s. • Qm tcfcs lcs trbobkcs tuvm`rbn lcs hmshcs r`sultbfcs `acnñhmacs, `l hmshc sblbrmc y lbs hmshbs acnfmamcn`s, ³quí t` iustbrèb jba`r3 ??

 

• ], pcr ûltmhc, unb pr`iuntb f` r`mnb; r `mnb; sm hbòbnb fmk`rbn `n lbs nctmambs qu` f`ntrc f` un bòc vb b ab`r un h`t`crmtc `n lb Vm`rrb y s`râ `l gmn f`l hunfc, ³quí jbrèbs furbnt` `s` ûltmhc bòc3 ³@l ûltmhc h`s3 ³@l ûltmhc fèb3 ³] lb ûltmhb jcrb3 Qm jbs j`ajc `l `k`ramamc f` r`spcnf`r `stbs pr`iuntbs b acnam`namb, s`iurbh`nt` tm`n`s bjcrb `n lb hbnc unb jckb ll`nb f` pmstbs ba`rab f` añhc pu`f`s `hp`zbr b `xplcrbr lc qu` f`s`bs pbrb tu guturc. Bunqu` `stbs r`spu`stbs nc n`a`sbrmbh`nt` tm`n`n qu` s`r  f`gmnmtmvbs, sè acnstmtuy`n huy ou`ncs puntcs f` pbrtmfb pbrb mnmambr tu oûsqu`fb. Lc mhpcrtbnt` baâ `s qu` s`bs jcn`stc acntmic hmshc, pu`s achc fma`n lcs prcg`scr`s aubnfc un bluhnc jba` trbhpb, “`sc sclc lc p`rkufmab b ust`f… B hè miubl h` pbibn‘.

VBLL@_ T_ÂAVMAC HM HBHÂ @Q HM ÛNMAC ALM@NV@; AÑHC Q@_ BV_BAVMWC TB_B LCQ ALM@NV@Q ] CV_CQ ACNA@TVCQ F@ A_@BVMWMFBF Lcs prmh`rcs alm`nt`s f` lb hbycrèb f` lcs gr``lbna` su`l`n sblmr f` su aèraulc mnh`fmbtc f` acncamfcs; gbhmlmb, bhmics c acl`ibs, lc aubl gbamlmtb qu` ncs ar`bn y ncs qum`rbn bpcybr. Qmn `hobric, pbrb s`r scst`nmol`s f`o`hcs mr hâs bllâ f` `s` aèraulc y `hp`zbr b acns`iumr alm`nt`s `n grèc, `s f`amr, alm`nt`s qu` nc ncs acnczabn y qu` nc n`a`sbrmbh`nt` tm`n`n lb mnt`namñn f` achprbr nu`strcs prcfuatcs c s`rvmamcs. Tbrb `sc f`o`hcs vclv`rncs btrbatmvcs y lb ar`btmvmfbf `s unb j`rrbhm`ntb hbinègmab pbrb lcirbrlc. Lb ar`btmvmfbf `s gu`nt` f` f`obt`, pu`s bûn nc t`rhmnbhcs f` pcn`rncs f` bau`rfc scor` quí `s `xbatbh`nt`, añhc s` f`sbrrcllb, añhc s` `stmhulb y f`hâs. T`rc achc hm mnt`namñn nc `s `ntrbr `n f`obt`s, h` a`ntrbrí `n pbrb quí ncs smrv` lb ar`btmvmfbf y, hâs `sp`aègmabh`nt`, `n bliuncs bsp`atcs f` `llb qu` ncs byufbn b tcfcs lcs gr``lbna`, smn mhpcrtbr `n quí mnfustrmb ncs hcvbhcs. Bl jbolbr f` ar`btmvmfbf, scl`hcs p`nsbr qu` `st` `s un t`hb qu` sclc mnauho` b fms`òbfcr`s, puolmamstbs, brtmstbs y ctrcs prcg`smcnbl`s bgmn`s. Nc costbnt`, lb ar`btmvmfbf `s `s`nambl `n aublqum`r cgmamc c prcg`smñn mnf`p`nfm`nt`, pu`s tcfcs lcs gr``lbna` n`a`smtbhcs s`r ach`ramblh`nt` btrbatmvcs. Tcr `sc b acntmnubamñn t` vcy b prcpcn`r tr`s `k`ramamcs “ar`btmvcs‘, y unb òbpb, qu` t` byufbrân b fms`òbr gcrhbs f` btrb`r alm`nt`s y s`r fmg`r`nt`s y hâs achp`tmtmvcs. ach p`tmtmvcs.

@k`ramamc 2; brr`ilbr `l pbès `n unb abg`t`rèb Lb hbycrèb f` lbs p`rscnbs j`hcs prbatmabfc `n bliûn hch`ntc lb hml`nbrmb acstuhor` f` “brr`ilbr `l pbès‘ hm`ntrbs `stbhcs s`ntbfcs acn bhmics tchbnfc unb a`rv`zb y cpmnbnfc qu` f`o`rèb jba`rs` pbrb qu` `l pbès gu`rbp`nsbhm`ntcs p`rg`atc. Lc h`kcr f` `st`  plbn `s qu`scor` tcfclcpbr`a` huy gâaml y, bl v`roblmzbrlc, nu`strcs s` balbrbn, s` `nrmqu`a`n y s` hultmplmabn. Bsè qu` vbhcs b jba`r usc f` `stb j`rrbhm`ntb pbrb s`r  ?1

 

h`kcr`s gr``lbna`, p`rc `n v`z f` brr`ilbr `l pbès c lb `hpr`sb pbrb lb qu` trbobkbhcs (unb prâatmab huy gr`au`nt` `ntr` lcs `hpl`bfcs hcl`stcs), vbhcs b brr`ilbr nu`strb mnfustrmb y ncs vbhcs b s`ntbr acn un pbr f` acl`ibs c bhmics (c, sm schcs ou`ncs fmsautm`nfc sclcs y ncs gluy`, pcf`hcs jba`rlc `n scl`fbf, p`rc gunamcnb h`kcr acn blium`n), b `nuh`rbr tcfc lc qu` f`o`rèb h`kcrbr `n `l s`atcr `n `l qu` ncs f`s`hp`òbhcs; lc qu` gbllb, lc qu` nc smrv`, lc qu` covmbh`nt` jba` gbltb, `ta., y ncs vbhcs b acna`ntrbr `n prcfuamr unb s`rm` f` lmn`bhm`ntcs qu` ncs f`n un ncrt` ba`rab f` acn quí tmpc f` acsbs f`o`hcs ach`nzbr pbrb s`r fmg`r`nt`s, ûnmacs y btrbatmvcs. Hm  prcpu`stb `s trbtbr f` auormr achc hènmhc lcs smium`nt`s tñpmacs y `sarmomr lb r`spu`stb b hbn`rb f` lmstb f` mf`bs pct`namblh`nt` fmg`r`nambfcrbs; • • • • • •

@rrcr hâs achûn Âr`b hâs f`saumfbfb Ru`kb hâs r`aurr`nt` f` lcs alm`nt`s Wmamc n`ibtmvc c tñxmac Ruí s`rvmamc/prcfuatc jba` gbltb cgr`a`r  B quí l` gbltb ablmfbf

• • • • •

@n quí gbllbhcs `n au`stmñn f` s`rvmamc bl alm`nt` Fñnf` jba` gbltb mnncvbamñn Ruí prâatmab s` jb vu`ltc achpl`tbh`nt` coscl`tb y f`o` abhombrs` Ruí pbrbfmihb c ar``namb jb f`kbfc f` bplmabr  Ruí f`o`rèb jba`rs`/cgr`a`rs` qu` nbfm` `stâ jbam`nfc/cgr`am`nfc

@k`ramamc ?; TPW - _bfmcirbgèb f` Alm`nt` Qm un alm`nt` t` `lmi` b tm pcr `namhb f` ctrc prcv``fcr `s pcrqu` v` `n tm blic qu` nc v` `n nbfm` hâs, blic qu` l` mnt`r`sb pcrqu` l` i`n`rb un vblcr c o`n`gmamc qu` nc `nau`ntrb `n ctrb cg`rtb. @sc `s lc qu` llbhbhcs puv c Trcpu`stb Ûnmab f` Wblcr  (tbhomín llbhbfc gbatcr fmg`r`nambfcr, vblcr bir`ibfc, usp, `ta.). @l puv `s lc qu` ncs byufb b s`r btrbatmvcs gr`nt` b lcs alm`nt`s, lc qu` nbfm` hâs tm`n` y ncsctrcs sè t`n`hcs. Bquè ku`ibn gbatcr`s qu` vbn f`sf` nu`strb p`rscnblmfbf (s`rmb c abrmshâtmab), jbstb nu`strcs pr`amcs, ablmfbf c tm`hpcs f` r`spu`stb. Tcr `k`hplc; Aj`vrcl`t, H`ra`f`z O`nz y Wclvc gbormabn `xbatbh`nt` lc hmshc; butchñvml`s. @n lcs tr`s abscs, `l  o`n`gmamc prmnampbl `s `l hmshc; trbnspcrt`. T`rc abfb unc tm`n` un puv ûnmac; hm`ntrbs H`ra`f`s O`nz v`nf` abrrcs qu` t` trbnspcrtbn f` gcrhb `l`ibnt`, Wclvc v`nf` abrrcs qu` t` trbnspcrtbn f` gcrhb s`iurb y Aj`vrcl`t v`nf` abrrcs qu` t` trbnspcrtbn f` gcrhb `acnñhmab. Lc hmshc sua`f` acn tcfcs lcs prcfuatcs y s`rvmamcs, p`rc achc lb mf`b `s sblmrncs f` lbs scluamcn`s qu` tcfcs prch`t`n p`rc nc sm`hpr` auhpl`n, vbhcs b usbr un hítcfc nu`vc qu` j` llbhbfc _bfmcirbgèb f` Alm`nt`, acn `l gmn f` ar`br nu`strc puv p`nsbnfc `n qu` s`b btrbatmvc pbrb qum`n ncs acntrbt`. Tbrb `stc t` prcpcnic unb j`rrbhm`ntb huy ?6

 

ûtml, acn lb aubl vbhcs b mhbimnbr qu` schcs `s` alm`nt` bl qu` qu`r`hcs abutmvbr. Ncs vbhcs b pcn`r `n lcs zbpbtcs f` `s` alm`nt` pcr uncs hmnutcs y vbhcs b mnt`ntbr  achpr`nf`r quí sm`nt`, quí pm`nsb, quí bnj`lb, quí t`h`, quí su`òb, quí lc bourr`, quí lc `hcamcnb... Oâsmabh`nt` s` trbtb f` `nt`nf`r añhc gunamcnbn sus `hcamcn`s y su h`nt` y quí f`o`hcs jba`r pbrb s`r lb h`kcr cpamñn f` bau`rfc acn `sc. @n lb acluhnb f` lb mzqum`rfb `stân lcs `spbamcs qu` jby qu` ll`nbr p`nsbnfc y smntm`nfc achc `l alm`nt` (bauírfbt` qu` `s huy mhpcrtbnt` h`t`rt` `n lcs zbpbtcs f`l alm`nt` pbrb qu` `l `k`ramamc t`nib íxmtc). @stb j`rrbhm`ntb `xbhmnb amnac t`hbs f`l `acsmst`hb y `ntcrnc f`l alm`nt`;

T`rgml; qumín `s, añhc vmv`, `n quí `tbpb f` lb vmfb s` `nau`ntrb, quí su`òb, quí l`  pr`caupb, añhc `s su rutmnb, quí abric caupb y auâl`s scn sus gunamcn`s, gunamcn`s, quí h`fmcs f` achunmabamñn pr`gm`r` y l` r`sultbn hâs cpcrtuncs... @n i`n`rbl, acnsminb bquè aublqum`r fbtc qu` t` fí mngcrhbamñn scor` añhc r`lbamcnbrt` acn `s` alm`nt` `n  pbrtmaulbr. • Mnt`namcn`s `vmf`nt`s; quí r`sultbfcs `sp`rb f` gcrhb pûolmab, fmr`atb y `vmf`nt`5 quí lc `str`sb c l` i`n`rb smtubamcn`s nc f`s`bfbs5 quí pbrt` f` su trbobkc nc l` iustb, bunqu` s`b unb r`spcnsbomlmfbf fmr`atb f` su abric5 quí tmpc f` prca`scs c r`sultbfcs scn r`spcnsbomlmfbf suyb y obkc quí mnfmabfcr`s puntubl`s s` l` hmf`. • Mnt`namcn`s caultbs;  quí r`sultbfcs f`s`b cot`n`r, bunqu` nc pu`fb `xpr`sbrlcs  pûolmabh`nt`5 quí hm`fcs tm`n` y f`o` caultbr pcr hctmvcs scambl`s, lbocrbl`s c `hpr`sbrmbl`s5 quí tmpc f` r`sultbfcs h`kcrbrèbn su butcmhbi`n y lb mhpr`smñn qu` tm`n`n f` íl sus k`g`s, achpbò`rcs y bhmics5 quí mns`iurmfbf`s tm`n` y `n quí l` gbltb `xp`rm`namb. • Olcqu`cs;  quí tmpc f` gbatcr`s pcfrèbn mnglumr `n su f`amsmñn f` acntrbtbr lcs s`rvmamcs qu` cgr`zac5 quí tmpc f` r`strmaamcn`s tm`n`, quí rm`sics acrr`, auâl`s scn lbs vbrmbol`s qu` `stân gu`rb f` su acntrcl y pu`f`n mnglumr `n su f`amsmñn f` achprb/acntrbtbamñn. •

•

 quí r`aurscs tm`n`auormr qu` pu`fbn gbvcr`a`r `l prca`sc p`rc `stín _`aurscs pct`nambl`s; suoutmlmzbfcs5 quí pcf`hcs bkustbr pbrb hâs n`a`smfbf`s.

@n lb acluhnb f` lb f`r`ajb `stân lcs `spbamcs qu` tm`n`s qu` ll`nbr acn tus r`spu`stbs b abfb unc f` lcs bsp`atcs f` tu alm`nt`, bsè; •

_`lbamñn; f` bau`rfc acn `l p`rgml f` tu alm`nt`, acnsminb bquè añhc ar``s qu` f`o`s jbolbr acn íl, quí mhbi`n f`o`s prcy`atbr (añhc v`stmrt`, quí tmpc f` l`niubk` usbr, `ta.), quí tmpc f` r`lbamñn f`o`s `stbol`a`r acn íl, quí h`fmcs f`o`s `hpl`br pbrb achunmabrt`, `n quí jcrbrmc y aublqum`r ctrc f`tbll` qu` f`obs t`n`r `n au`ntb b lb jcrb f` r`lbamcnbrt` acn íl.

•

lbs mnt`namcn`s `vmf`nt`s f` tu alm`nt`, `nuh`rb bquè _`sultbfcs `vmf`nt`s; lcs r`sultbfcs tbnimol`s s`iûn ` mntbnimol`s qu` f`o`s prcfuamr. Vbnimol`s; quí `ntr`ibr, acn quí mnfmabfcr`s, quí acstc/o`n`gmamc f`o` t`n`r tu prcfuatc, `ta. Mntbnimol`s; quí ?0

 

h`tbs y `xp`atbtmvbs f`o`s sup`rbr, quí tmpc f` ibrbntèbs f`o`s cgr`a`r pbrb qu` tu alm`nt` s` sm`ntb trbnqumlc y acngmbfc, quí bniustmb c `strís l` pu`f`s blmvmbr, quí  prca`sc nc f`s`bfc pu`f`s h`kcrbr, añhc pu`f`s pu`f`s gbamlmtbrl` su trbobkc, `ta. • _`sultbfcs caultcs; f` bau`rfc acn lbs mnt`namcn`s caultbs f` tu alm`nt`, pm`nsb `n quí pu`f`s cgr`a`rl` pbrb sbtmsgba`r lcs f`s`cs qu` nc pu`f` `xpr`sbr pûolmabh`nt`, c pbrb hmtmibr sus hm`fcs5 añhc pu`f`s byufbrlc b s`ntmrs` `hpcf`rbfc, `xmtcsc, mhpcrtbnt`5 pu`f`s byufbrlc b h`kcrbr su qu` mhbi`n bnt` mns`iurc sus k`g`scyabr`a` acl`ibs5 añhc pu`f`sañhc auormrl` lb `spblfb `n t`hbs `n lcs s` sm`nt` f` `xp`rm`namb. • Qcluamcn`s;  f` bau`rfc acn lcs “olcqu`cs‘ f` tu alm`nt`, pm`nsb `n quí cpamcn`s  pu`f`s ormnfbrl` gr`nt` b lcs rm`sics, añhc t` pu`f`s bachcfbr b sus r`strmaamcn`s, quí rutbs blt`rnbs pu`f`s prcpcn`rl` gr`nt` b lbs vbrmbol`s qu` `stân gu`rb f` su acntrcl, añhc pu`f`s bllbnbrl` `l abhmnc jbamb unb f`amsmñn f` achprb qu` t` gbvcr`zab. • Abtblmzbfcr;  gr`nt` b lcs r`aurscs pct`nambl`s f` tu alm`nt`, pm`nsb `n quí pu`f`s jba`r pbrb bprcv`ajbr h`kcr `scs r`aurscs c pbrb acnv`rtmrlcs `n gbatcr`s qu` gbvcr`zabn unb f`amsmñn f` achprb qu` t` o`n`gmam`. F`sf` lu`ic, `stb f`sarmpamñn `s bp`nbs unb iuèb f` lcs hûltmpl`s t`hbs qu` pu`f`s auormr `n lbs rbfmcirbgèbs f` tus alm`nt`s, y s`iurbh`nt` b h`fmfb qu` `hpm`a`s b usbrlb,  pcfrâs mr `nrmqu`am`nfc lb j`rrbhm`ntb acn huajcs ctrcs tñpmacs prcpmcs f` tu abhpc f` trbobkc. Hm`ntrbs tbntc, smn `hobric, t` f`kc b acntmnubamñn un `k`hplc f` añhc usbr  `stb j`rrbhm`ntb, tchbfc f` hm lbocr achc gctñirbgc f` hbrabs f` hcfb, y `ns`iumfb `nacntrbrâs un gcrhbtc `n olbnac, qu` pu`f`s usbr pbrb prbatmabr. Qm t` qu`fb gâaml, lc mf`bl `s acpmbrlc `n unb abrtulmnb irbnf`, pbrb ll`nbrlc acn hâs achcfmfbf. V` r`achm`nfc mnv`rtmr `n `st` `k`ramamc bl h`ncs un pbr f` jcrbs, pu`s bl gmn y bl aboc  pu`f` mnglumr f` gcrhb fmr`atb `n tu guturc guturc y `l f` tus alm`nt`s. @stcs aubfrcs y ctrcs lcs pcfrâs f`sabribr `sabn`bnfc `st` añfmic;

_bfmcirbgèb f` alm`nt`

Pnb nctb scor` lcs añfmics R_  B lc lbric f` `st` lmorc `nacntrbrâs añfmics R_ qu` pu`f`s `sabn`br acn tu a`lulbr y t` ll`vbrân b vmsublmzbr pâimnbs w`o c hbt`rmbl`s achpl`h`ntbrmcs `n lèn`b. N`a`smtbrâs f` un t`lígcnc mnt`lmi`nt` y t`n`r mnstblbfb bliunb bplmabamñn qu` p`rhmtb lb l`aturb f` `stcs ?7

 

añfmics5 pu`f`s `nacntrbr vbrmbs irbtumtbs `n lbs tm`nfbs f` bplmabamcn`s qu` s` bkust`n bl hcf`lc f` tu fmspcsmtmvc.

?9

 

Bl t`rhmnbr `st` tbll`r/`k`ramamc f`o`s t`n`r f`gmnmfbs bl h`ncs amnac abrbat`rèstmabs qu` t` fmstmnibn f` gcrhb pbrtmaulbr, qu` r`sult`n btrbatmvbs pbrb tus alm`nt`s y qu` l`s i`n`r`n vblcr c mhplmqu`n un bpcrt` b sus n`a`smfbf`s tbntc `vmf`nt`s achc caultbs. Bf`hâs, `s prcobol` qu` tbhomín jbybs `soczbfc un pbr f` plbn`s f` acntmni`namb pbrb hbn`kbr lbs cok`amcn`s c olcqu`cs qu` pu`fbn t`n`r tus pcsmol`s alm`nt`s b lb jcrb f` f`amfmr acntrbtbr tus s`rvmamcs. Nc costbnt`, sm sm`nt`s qu` bûn tm`n`s t`lb pcr acrtbr y  pu`f`s f`sbrrcllbr hâs `l `k`ramamc, smínt`t` lmor` f` r`blmzbrlc f` nu`vc ` mnalusc t` r`ach`nfbrèb jba`r unc pbrb abfb f` alm`nt` qu` t`nibs.unb Qm bl gmnblmzbr qum`r`s bjcnfbr hâss`ih`ntc, `n `st` p`rgml tmpc cf`tmpclcièb `k`ramamcs, t` r`achm`nfc j`rrbhm`ntb llbhbfb “Hbpb f` `hpbtèb f` xplbn`‘ (bjcrb Fbajms Ircup). ?:

 

@k`ramamc 1; t`n`r unb `xp`rm`namb f` acnsuhc a cnsuhc f` lb achp`t`namb y h`kcrbrlb Achc fmkmhcs brrmob, aubnfc `ntrbs bl h`rabfc lbocrbl acn tu cg`rtb f` prcfuatcs c s`rvmamcs, lcs alm`nt`s t`nfrân qu` `l`imr `ntr` acntrbtbrt` b tm c b bliunc f` tus achp`tmfcr`s, y lb ûnmab gcrhb qu` tm`n`n f` sbo`r qumín `s h`kcr cpamñn `s achpbrbnfc lbs v`ntbkbs y `xp`rm`nambs qu` abfb unc cgr`a`. Tcr `st` hctmvc, y acn `l gmn f` sbo`r acn a`rt`zb fñnf` t` `stâs h`tm`nfc y quí`sbiub hckb, t`pbsbr r`achm`nfc utmlmzbr lb tíanmab acncamfb achc “alm`nt` mnañinmtc‘, f`amr,t` jba`rt` pcr un alm`nt` pct`nambl y r`blmzbr unb achprb c pcr lc h`ncs unb actmzbamñn acn bl h`ncs tr`s f` tus achp`tmfcr`s hâs a`rabncs. Bsè pcfrâs v`r f` prmh`rb hbnc añhc t` trbtbn, añhc t` pr`iuntbn lc qu` n`a`smtbs, añhc s` achunmabn, añhc jba`n s`iumhm`ntc, sm t` cgr`a`n f`sau`ntcs, pbqu`t`s, sm t` tut`bn c t` hbnfbn `hctmacn`s, acn auâl t` sm`nt`s hâs trbnqumlc c b auâl t` sm`nt`s t`ntbfc b acntrbtbr y pcr quí, `n quí sm`nt`s qu` jba`n unb ou`nb lbocr y `n quí sm`nt`s qu` pcfrèbn h`kcrbr. @n `s`namb, `l cok`tmvc `s acnca`r  `l h`rabfc bl qu` `stâs mnir`sbnfc ` mf`ntmgmabr auâl `s tu pcsmamñn `n `s` h`rabfc y añhc h`kcrbrlb.  Òbpb; bunqu` b `stb blturb s`iurbh`nt` yb tm`n`s unb mf`b obstbnt` gcrhbfb ba`rab f` lc yb qu`jmamst` qum`r`s añhc f`stbabrt` y añhc `nbhcrbr b tus alm`nt`s (pcrqu` smn fufb lcscgr`a`r, tr`s `k`ramamcs prcpu`stcs 5-)), tbhomín `s pcsmol` qu` kuntc acn lbs mf`bs jbybn surimfc pr`iuntbs scor` añhc ll`vbrlbs b aboc. Bsè qu` lb òbpb scn `k`ramamcs f` ar`btmvmfbf bplmabfb b r`sclv`r prcol`hbs acn pr`iuntbs smhpl`s p`rc huy ûtml`s, qu` j` `nacntrbfc `n fmstmntcs lmorcs f` ar`btmvmfbf y p`nsbhm`ntc lbt`rbl.

Tr`iuntb 2; ³Añhc r`sclv`rèb `stc blium`n hâs3 @n `l trbobkc acn gr`au`namb ncs bacstuhorbhcs b p`nsbr f` lb hmshb gcrhb unb y ctrb v`z, pbrb ll`ibr b lcs hmshcs r`sultbfcs unb y ctrb v`z. Qmn `hobric, aubnfc ncs  pr`iuntbhcs añhc r`sclv`rèb `s` t`hb blium`n hâs ‖pcr `k`hplc @mnst`mn, Ibnfjm, Tbrms Jmltcn, un p`rscnbk` gmatmamc f` t`l`vmsmñn, achc Kbae Obu`r, c un bhmic qu` `s huy fmstmntc f` ncsctrcs‖ s` ncs vm`n`n b lb abo`zb nu`vbs mf`bs y scluamcn`s qu`, f` ctrb gcrhb, nc jborèbhcs acnt`hplbfc. Bsè, abfb v`z qu` t`nibs un f`sbgèc pr`iûntbt` añhc lc `ngr`ntbrèbn ctrbs p`rscnbs y v`râs añhc achm`nzbn b orctbr nu`vbs mf`bs.

Tr`iuntb ?; ³Ruí tbl sm...3 / ³Rumín fmkc qu`...3 F` hbn`rb smhmlbr b lc qu` sua`f` `n `l `k`ramamc bnt`rmcr, `n cabsmcn`s `stbhcs tbn h`tmfcs `n `l acnt`xtc f` nu`strcs prcol`hbs qu` clvmfbhcs v`rlcs f` gcrhb hâs ilcobl, achc lcs v`rèb blium`n qu` nc supm`s` f`l prcol`hb. @n `stcs abscs pu`f`s ach`nzbr  acn pr`iuntbs achc “³Ruí tbl sm...3‘ y “³Rumín fmkc qu`...3‘, acn `l gmn f` r`plbnt`brt` lbs obs`s hmshbs f`l prcol`hb y tbl v`z ll`ibr b scluamcn`s pcac aacnv`namcnbl`s. cnv`namcnbl`s. Tu`f`s  pr`iuntbrt`, pcr `k`hplc, “³Ruí tbl sm `st` prcol`hb gu`rb mnt`r`sbnt` pbrb blium`n, c  pufm`s` s`r `l puntc f` pbrtmfb pbrb unb nu`vb lèn`b f` n`icamcs3‘ c “³Rumín fmkc qu` `st` prcol`hb nc `rb pbrt` f`l prca`sc y nc pu`fc mnvmtbr bl alm`nt` b mnvcluarbrs` `n lb ?=

 

scluamñn3‘.

Tr`iuntb 1; _`v`roblmzbamñn Tcr ûltmhc t` prcpcnic qu`, aubnfc un r`tc s`b huy p`rsmst`nt`, lc r`v`roblma`s, `s f`amr, qu` abhom`s lb gcrhb f` `nunambrlc, acn `l gmn f` qu` tu h`nt` s` borb b nu`vcs jcrmzcnt`s. Qm, pcr `k`hplc, tm`n`s f`hbsmbfcs prcy`atcs r`pr`sbfcs, pu`f`s pr`iuntbrt` “³Añhc jbic pbrb t`rhmnbr tcfcqu` `stc b tm`hpc3‘, p`rc tbhomín pu`f`s@nabhombr lb gcrhb f` lb pr`iuntb b “³Añhc jbic tcfc `stc s` t`rhmn` b tm`hpc3‘. `l prmh`r absc, lbs “scluamcn`s‘ `stbrân lmibfbs b qu` tû trbobk`s hâs, f` hbn`rb hâs `gmam`nt`, c qu` fu`rhbs h`ncs. @n `l s`iunfc absc, `n abhomc, lbs scluamcn`s fmstrmoumrân `l trbobkc `ntr` ctrbs p`rscnbs. Pn n`icamc achc Quowby abhomñ lb pr`iuntb “³Añhc ll`vbr lb crf`n f`l alm`nt` jbstb lb acamnb3‘ pcr “³Añhc trb`r lb acamnb jbstb `l alm`nt`3‘, y bjcrb `s un nu`vc hcf`lc f` n`icamc. ] nm jbolbr f` n`icamcs achc Bmrono, _bppm c Po`r. Bsè qu` nc t` abns`s f` fbrl`s vu`ltb b lbs pr`iuntbs, pu`s `stbs scn lbs albv`s f` lb `vcluamñn. Achc fmrèb Tmabssc, “lcs achputbfcr`s scn mnûtml`s, sclc pu`f`n fbrt` r`spu`stbs‘. @stcs `k`ramamcs prâatmacs t` fbrân obstbnt`s j`rrbhm`ntbs pbrb ach`nzbr b cgr`a`r tus  prcfuatcs s`rvmamcs y t`n`racn un un bltcou`n nmv`lacncamhm`ntc f` achp`tmtmvmfbf. Bf`hâs, `llcsb quí tbhomín t`  p`rhmtmrân c`ntrbr bl h`rabfc f` lc qu` s` cgr`a`, pr`amc,  obkc quí acnfmamcn`s y fñnf` fñnf` jby cpcrtunmfbf`s f` h`kcrb qu` pu`fbs bprcv`ajbr.

@sp`rbnfc “`l hch`ntc bf`aubfc‘ pbrb ach`nzbr (pcr am`rtc, `st` nunab ll`ib achc lc `sp`rbhcs) “@l hch`ntc bf`aubfc‘ `s, gâamlh`nt`, blic tbn hmtclñimac achc `l alm`nt` acn huajc  pr`supu`stc, qu` nc tm`n` bgân y tm`n` lb mngcrhbamñn lmstb y albrmfbf scor` lc qu` n`a`smtb. H` btr`v`rèb b f`amr qu` `s` hch`ntc nc `xmst`, `n `sp`ambl pcrqu` nc sbo`hcs añhc s`rèb y, bunqu` t`nibhcs bliunb mntumamñn, t`nf`hcs b bplbzbrlc pcr hm`fc b lbnzbrncs. Absm nbfm` pu`f` f`amr qu` “`l hch`ntc bf`aubfc‘ `s aubnfc pbs` tbl acsb, c aubnfc lcir` tbl ctrb y lcs plbn`tbs s` blmn``n. Nc, smhpl`h`nt` `sp`rbhcs qu` bliûn fèb `l unmv`rsc ncs `nvè` unb s`òbl, un brac mrms c blic smhmlbr, y qu` ncs fmib; “]b, bjcrb sè `s `l hch`ntc bf`aubfc, irbambs pcr `sp`rbr‘. T`rc lb r`blmfbf `s qu` `sc nc vb b sua`f`r, pu`s sm`hpr` vbhcs b t`n`r acsbs qu` jba`r y sm`hpr` t`nfr`hcs lb t`nf`namb b f`amr “lb ctrb s`hbnb, qu` nc t`nib tbntb acsb, vcy b sbabrl` tm`hpc b hm prcy`atc‘. Tbrb `vmtbr qu` s` t` vbyb lb vmfb `n `sb `sp`rb mnûtml, t` r`achm`nfc qu` f`gmnbs huy albrbh`nt` quí acnfmamcn`s s`rèbn lbs mf`bl`s pbrb `hp`zbr, f` hcfc qu` s`pbs `xbatbh`nt` quí `s lc qu` f`o`s `sp`rbr. Qm nc lcirbs mf`ntmgmabr un hch`ntc mf`bl `sp`aègmac, t` bacns`kc qu` `hpm`a`s f` mnh`fmbtc pu`s, achc fma` lb abnamñn,“s` jba` abhmnc bl bnfbr‘. F`sf` lu`ic, jby acsbs `s`nambl`s qu` f`o`s trbtbr f` scluamcnbr bnt`s f` brrbnabr. @n prmh`r luibr, t`n`r `l h`ncr nmv`l f` f`ufbs pcsmol`. @n s`iunfc luibr, t`n`r tu lmstb 14

 

f` prcfuatcs y s`rvmamcs yb pr`pbrbfb y acst`bfb. @n t`ra`r luibr, jbo`r l`èfc `st` lmorc (puolmamfbf absubl 5)). ] pcr ûltmhc, t`n`r yb f`gmnmfb unb lmstb f` alm`nt`s y unb `strbt`imb f` bprcxmhbamñn (`n `l abpètulc 6 `nacntrbrâs mf`bs scor` añhc jba`r `stc). Bfmamcnblh`nt` t` r`ach`nfbrèb t`n`r un aclajñn `acnñhmac qu` t` blabna` furbnt` uncs s`ms h`s`s, hm`ntrbs acnsmiu`s tus prmh`rcs alm`nt`s y r`amo`s lcs prmh`rcs pbics (r`au`rfb qu` s` pu`f`n f`hcrbr jbstb s`s`ntb fèbs `n pbibrt`, sm nc hâs). Mnalusc t` bacns`kbrèb trbtbr f` ach`nzbr smn n`a`smfbf f` r`nunambr b tu trbobkc batubl. Qm `s  pcsmol`, achm`nzb trbobkbnfc lcs gmn`s f` s`hbnb, pcr lbs ncaj`s y `n tus rbtcs lmor`s, acn `l gmn f` pcf`r vblmfbr y t`st`br tu prcy`atc acn un obkc rm`sic y smn pr`smñn. Qm nc tm`n`s bgân f` `hp`zbr b r`amomr mnir`scs achc gr``lbna`, pcrqu` tcfbvèb au`ntbs acn un sblbrmc f` `hpl`bfc, pcfrâs bkustbr tu prcy`atc tbntc achc s`b pcsmol`, y bsè, aubnfc gmnblh`nt` t` lbna`s bl biub, s`râ pcrqu` yb tm`n`s un ou`n glukc f` alm`nt`s, c bl h`ncs lb a`rt`zb f` qu` lc qu` vbs b cgr`a`r tm`n` ou`nb bacimfb y ou`nb f`hbnfb.

Añhc f`sbrrcllbr un pcrtbgclmc f` s`rvmamc, smn hcrmr `n `l mnt`ntc Bnt`s qu` nbfb qum`rc balbrbr qu` un pcrtbgclmc f` s`rvmamcs yb nc `s n`a`sbrmbh`nt` un orcajur` gèsmac pl`ibol`, c fmimtbl, acn gctcs tchbfbs f` mnt`rn`t, f` i`nt` scnrm`nt` y acn acrobtb, vm`nfc pbp`l`s ll`ncs f` irâgmacs f` @xa`l y f`sarmpamcn`s f` lc qu` jba`s `n tírhmncs achc “`qumpc hultmfmsamplmnbrmc‘ c “acn achprchmsc y ablmfbf y acn byufb f` lbs ûltmhbs t`anclcièbs‘. F` j`ajc, `s prcobol` qu` lb hbycrèb f` lbs v`a`s f`obs  pr`s`ntbr tus s`rvmamcs v`roblh`nt` y f` hbn`rb mngcrhbl, `n unb acnv`rsbamñn acn un alm`nt` pct`nambl. @n `sb h`fmfb, `n luibr f` jbolbr f` fmbirbhbamñn, fms`òc ` mhpr`smñn, qum`rc fbrt` fm`z acns`kcs pbrb sbo`r quí achunmabr, yb s`b f` hbn`rb crbl c `sarmtb, acn `l gmn f` i`n`rbr mnt`rís y ar`fmomlmfbf, obsânfch` `n `l tmpc f` acsbs `n lbs qu` s` gmkb un alm`nt` bl hch`ntc f` `vblubr lcs s`rvmamcs c prcfuatcs qu` cgr`a`s, añhc lcs pr`s`ntbs y añhc bor`s lb pu`rtb b unb n`icambamñn.

2. @ngñabt` `n lc qu` o`n`gmamb bl alm`nt` Aubnfc un alm`nt` ousab un s`rvmamc c un prcfuatc, `sp`rb cot`n`r nc sclc `s` s`rvmamc c  prcfuatc  p`r s`, smnc lcs o`n`gmamcs bscambfcs b `st`. H` `xplmac; sm tchbhcs, pcr  `k`hplc, un gctñirbgc (achc yc), bl qu` acntrbtbn pbrb r`blmzbr `l abtâlcic f`l smtmc w`o f` unb hbrab f` hcfb, `l alm`nt` nc sclc qum`r` unbs gctcs pcrqu` `stbs l` pbr`zabn  ocnmtbs, smnc pcrqu` acn `llbs ousab v`nf`r c pcsmamcnbr su hbrab. Bsè, `l gctñirbgc  pcfrèb mnt`ntbr p`rsubfmr bl alm`nt` f` qu` lc acntrbt` jbolânfcl` f` lcs l`nt`s qu` usbrâ, `l `squ`hb f` luz y lcs tmpcs f` aclcrmzbamñn pcsmol`s, p`rc s`rèb huajc h`kcr jbolbrl` bl alm`nt` f` lb gcrhb `n qu` sus gctcs p`rhmtmrân bpr`ambr lb t`xturb y ablmfbf f` lbs t`lbs, acns`rvbr lb mnt`nsmfbf f` lcs aclcr`s y f`stbabr lb jcrhb y smlu`tb f` lbs pr`nfbs  pbrb bntckbr bl achprbfcr b ll`vbrlbs. Bf`hâs, `l gctñirbgc pcfrèb h`namcnbr tbhomín qu`usubrmc, lbs gctcsf`s`rân tbn qu` lmi`rbs p`rhmtmrân qu` `l smtmc s`b V` râpmfc y birbfbol` `l hbn`rb tcfcqu` acngluyb `n i`n`rbr hâsw`o v`ntbs. bs`iurc qu`, `npbrb `s` 12

 

hch`ntc, `l alm`nt` ab`râ f`rr`tmfc b lcs pm`s f` `s` gctñirbgc. @n r`suh`n, bl pr`s`ntbr  tu pcrtbgclmc b un alm`nt` `ngñabt` prmhcrfmblh`nt` `n bqu`llc qu` o`n`gmamb bl alm`nt` a lm`nt` (lc qu` `n lb  _bfmcirbgèb f` Alm`nt`  r`imstrbst` `n lbs absmllbs f` mnt`namcn`s `vmf`nt`s y caultbs).

?. F`stbab lc qu` t` jba` fmg`r`nt` Achc fmkmhcs, lb `s`namb f`l s`rvmamc prcfuatc qu` cgr`a`s nc `s `xalusmvbh`nt` tuyb y yb huajbs p`rscnbs pu`f`n cgr`a`r clc`lhmshc (tcfcs lcs abrrcs bnfbn, p`rc `ntr` Aj`vrcl`t y OHY jby unb irbn fmg`r`namb). Tcr `st` hctmvc, `l alm`nt` nc sclc f`s`b cèr  lc “covmc‘ f` bqu`llc qu` cgr`a`s, smnc tbhomín blic acnar`tc y ûnmac qu` t` fmg`r`nam` f` lcs f`hâs y qu` l` fí unb mf`b f` pcr quí f`o` `l`imrt` b tm pcr `namhb f` tu achp`t`namb. Bquè `s fcnf` nu`strb _bfmcirbgèb f` Alm`nt` y `l puv (v`r s`aamñn bnt`rmcr) s` vu`lv`n irbnf`s j`rrbhm`ntbs pbrb acns`iumr nu`vcs alm`nt`s.

1. H`namcnb b tus ctrcs alm`nt`s y tu `xp`rm`namb b hbn`rb f` vblmfbamñn B nmniûn alm`nt` l` iustb s`ntmr qu` `stâ brrm`sibnfc su fmn`rc, c qu` `stâ p`rhmtm`nfc qu` blium`n “`nsby` y bpr`nfb acn su plbtb‘. Tcr `sc sm`hpr` f`o`s vblmfbr tu `xp`rm`namb h`namcnbnfc b lbs p`rscnbs, lbs hbrabs c lcs alm`nt`s acn lcs qu` jbybs trbobkbfc `n `l pbsbfc, c `xp`rm`nambs `xmtcsbs y r`sultbfcs pcsmtmvcs qu` jbybs t`nmfc bnt`rmcrh`nt`. @stc l` fbrâ b tu alm`nt` lb a`rt`zb f` qu` tm`n`s `xp`rm`namb y trbnqumlmfbf  pbrb acntrbtbrt` pcrqu`, sm b ctrbs p`rscnbs l`s jb mfc om`n acntmic, ³pcr quí b íl jborèb f` mrl` hbl3

6. Fb sm`hpr` un `k`hplc f` añhc pcfrèb f`sbrrcllbrs` `l trbobkc c jby nbfb hâs btrbatmvc qu` t`n`r gr`nt` b ncsctrcs un abhmnc gâaml y f`sp`kbfc. Tcr  `sc, bl achunmabrt` acn un alm`nt` prcaurb sm`hpr` fbrl` `k`hplcs f` lc qu` s` pcfrèb jba`r, añhc mnmambrèbs `l trbobkc y auânfc pcfrèb íl ach`nzbr b v`r r`sultbfcs c  o`n`gmamcs. Qm f`kbs qu` `l prca`sc f`l trbobkc s`b f`hbsmbfc `tír`c, f`p`nf`râs sclbh`nt` f` lb mhbimnbamñn f`l alm`nt` pbrb qu` s` bntck` f` “lbs hbrbvmllbs f` tu trbobkc‘.

0. @qumlmorb tu l`niubk` `ntr` tíanmac y baa`smol` Bl achunmabrt` acn un alm`nt`, f`o`s hbnt`n`r un oblbna` `ntr` lb mngcrhblmfbf, qu`  pu`f` fbr lb s`nsbamñn f` qu` `r`s mn`xp`rtc c mincrbnt`, y `l `xa`sc f` gcrhblmfbf y t`anmamshc, qu` jbrân qu` `l alm`nt` nc lcir` acn`atbrs` acn lc qu` fma`s y acrrbs `l rm`sic f` nc i`n`rbr `hpbtèb acn íl y sus n`a`smfbf`s. Tcr `llc, prcaurb sm`hpr` jbolbr  usbnfc un l`niubk` baa`smol` y prñxmhc bl alm`nt`, hm`ntrbs mntrcfua`s f` v`z `n aubnfc  pblborbs hâs h âs tíanmabs qu` vblmf`n tu acncamhm`ntc, y qu` f`o`s mr `xplmabnfc f` gcrhb absubl yy or`v`, acnTcr `l gmn f` hcstrbrt` mnt`r`sbfc `n qu`“Tcf`hcs `l alm`nt` ach`nzbr `ntm`nfb lc  pm`nsbs prcpcn`s. `k`hplc, pu`f`s f`amr acsbs achc; pcrqu` un 1?

 

`k`ramamc f` o`najhbremni, `n `l qu` `s`namblh`nt` vmsmtbhcs b lb achp`t`namb y acnsultbhcs añhc cp`rbn acn `l gmn f` bpr`nf`r f` sus ou`nbs prâatmabs‘.

7. H`namcnb pr`amcs `stmhbfcs c pr`iuntb pcr pr`supu`stcs @n acntrbvèb f` lb ar``namb pcpulbr, un alm`nt` nc s` f`sbnmhb f` achprbr un prcfuatc c s`rvmamc pcr `nt`rbrs` “f`hbsmbfc prcntc‘ f`l pr`amc. Nc, lb albrmfbf y lb gbamlmfbf b lb jcrb f` acnca`rpu`s `l pr`amc acntrbrmc, huy yhctmvbnt`s y trbnqumlmzbfcr`s, l` fbn r`sultbn, bl alm`nt` pcr unb `ls`nsbamñn f` gbatcr`s trbnspbr`namb gbamlmfbf. @l hmst`rmc y `l s`ar`tmshc sclc i`n`rbn t`hcr y hm`fc b mnfbibr pcr hâs f`tbll`s, pu`s bl alm`nt` l` pu`f` fbr v`riü`nzb pr`iuntbr “pcrqu` quí tbl qu` r`sult` om`n abrc y nc  pu`fb achprbr. Ru`fc achc `l hâs ajmajmpbtc‘. ³Rumín nc f`t`stb, pcr `k`hplc, qu` l` r`spcnfbn un ach`ntbrmc f` Mnstbirbh acn un “Tcr mnocx‘3 Qm un alm`nt` nc achprb blic  pcrqu` l` pbr`a` acstcsc, pcr lc i`n`rbl l` vb b pbr`a`r acstcsc smn mhpcrtbr `n quí hch`ntc s` `nt`r` f`l pr`amc. @ mnalusc `n `s` absc `s h`kcr jbolbr prcntc f` lcs acstcs,  pu`s `sc nc sclc f`hu`strb prcg`smcnblmshc y `xp`rm`namb, smnc qu` sm `l prcfuatc `s acstcsc, h`namcnbr `l pr`amc l`s bjcrrbrâ tm`hpc b bhocs, pu`s s` `vmtbrân unb acnv`rsbamñn qu` nc vb pbrb nmniûn lbfc. Qm acnsmf`rbs qu` tu pr`amc `s bltc achpbrbfc acn `l f` lb achp`t`namb, pcrqu` tu `l cg`rtb mnaluy` acsbs qu`f`nctcfcs tm`n`lcs tu achp`t`namb. @n `s` absc,s`iurbh`nt` bs`iûrbt` f``sh`namcnbr pr`amc bachpbòbfc  o`n`gmamcs `xalusmvcs qu` cgr`a`s y tcfbs lbs rbzcn`s qu` jba`n qu` tu pr`amc s`b achpbrbtmvbh`nt` “bltc‘. Qm tm`n`s unb ou`nb _bfmcirbgèb f` Alm`nt`, `stcy s`iurc f` qu` pcfrâs kustmgmabr achpl`tbh`nt` tus acnfmamcn`s. @n bliuncs abscs pbrtmaulbr`s, ablaulbr `l pr`amc f` un s`rvmamc c prcfuatc r`qum`r` f` unb mngcrhbamñn oâsmab pr`vmb pcr pbrt` f`l alm`nt`. Tcr `k`hplc, `l nûh`rc f` jcrbs c unmfbf`s qu` jby qu` actmzbr. F`sbgcrtunbfbh`nt`, jby cabsmcn`s `n lbs qu` `l alm`nt` nc tm`n` b hbnc `sb mngcrhbamñn y `s fmgèaml jba`r unb actmzbamñn bprcxmhbfb mnh`fmbtb, qu` l`s p`rhmtb b bhocs `vblubr sm l`s mnt`r`sb `ntrbr `n hâs f`tbll`s. @n `stcs abscs, lc h`kcr `s usbr `k`hplcs prñxmhcs c r`am`nt`s f` n`icamcs qu` s` jbybn acnar`tbfc y fbr  un rbnic f` pr`amcs “f`sf`-jbstb‘, `l gmnb f` qu`unb `l alm`nt` s`pbhâs sm `s` rbnic `stâ f`ntrc f` sus pcsmomlmfbf`s y pu`fbn acn prca`f`r jba`r actmzbamñn pr`amsb. Tcr ûltmhc, y f` nu`vc `n acntrbvèb f` lb ar``namb pcpulbr, tbhomín s` vbl` pr`iuntbr  sm `l alm`nt` “yb tm`n` bliûn pr`supu`stc `n h`nt`, scor` `l aubl pu`fbn trbobkbr pbrb cgr`a`rl` blic blmn`bfc b sus n`a`smfbf`s‘. F` nu`vc, `stc trbnshmt` s`iurmfbf, trbnspbr`namb y acngmbnzb, y bf`hâs gbamlmtb qu` lb achunmabamñn acn `l alm`nt` acntmnû` f` hbn`rb bom`rtb pbrb pcf`r pr`s`ntbr unb prcpu`stb tbn btrbatmvb achc s`b pcsmol`.

9. Vm`n`s qu` `stbr fmspu`stc b n`icambr Bunqu` lc qu` jba`s t`nib un prca`sc `stbnfbrmzbfc u cgr`zabs un s`rvmamc qu` tm`n`s yb huy om`n `struaturbfc, nunab scorb f`kbr bom`rtb lb pcsmomlmfbf f` cèr bt`ntbh`nt` bl alm`nt` pbrb acnca`r sus n`a`smfbf`s y añhc l` iustbrèb trbobkbr. @stc t` bormrâ hâs f` unb pu`rtb y jbrâ qu` `l alm`nt` s` sm`ntb `sp`ambl. 11

 

:. Mnfbib pcr lbs n`a`smfbf`s f` tu alm`nt` Bunqu` hâs bf`lbnt` v`r`hcs `stc acn hbycr f`tbll`, v`nf`r `s, `n `s`namb, un prca`sc f` `sauajb batmvb. F` lc acntrbrmc s`rèb un fmsaursc hu`rtc y bourrmfcr, achpl`tbh`nt` bk`nc bl alm`nt`. _`au`rfb qu` aubnfc `sauajbhcs, lcirbhcs r`spcnf`r y prcpcn`r acsbs qu` `n r`blmfbf r`su`n`n acn lc qu` `l alm`nt` `sp`rb y n`a`smtb.

=. Qí bhbol` y baa`smol`, nbfb h`kcr qu` trbobkbr acni`nt` ajív`r`

Lc acrtís nc qumtb lc vblm`nt`. Q`r nbturblh`nt` bhbol`, `fuabfc y a`rabnc `s mnvblubol` b lb jcrb f` `stbol`a`r acn`xmñn y `hpbtèb acn `l alm`nt`. Achc fmrèb Jíatcr Lbvc`, r`au`rfb qu` “`s ajív`r` s`r irbnf`, p`rc `s hâs irbnf` s`r ajív`r`‘.

24. ¡Ckc! @ntr`ib fbtcs f` acntbatc Gmnblh`nt`, tbntc `n pcrtbgclmcs mhpr`scs c fmimtbl`s achc `n pr`s`ntbamcn`s v`robl`s `s huy achûn qu` lb mngcrhbamñn f` acntbatc y lcs pbscs b s`iumr nc t`nibn `l sugmam`nt`  prctbicnmshc, lc aubl pu`f` pcn`r `n p`lmirc `l pcst`rmcr ba`rabhm`ntc f`l alm`nt`. Tcr  `sc t` mnvmtc b ibrbntmzbr qu` lb mngcrhbamñn f` acntbatc sm`hpr` s`b baa`smol`, vmsmol`, bufmol` y, scor` tcfc, gâaml f` `nt`nf`r y usbr.

O`llc achc un abh`llc; mhbi`n y hbrab p`rscnbl F`sf` `l mnstbnt` `n qu` nba`hcs ach`nzbhcs, qu`râhcslc c nc, b acnstrumr unb hbrab  p`rscnbl, tbhomín acncamfb achc r`putbamñn c mhbi`n pûolmab. Q`iûn lb pcpulbr  f`gmnmamñn f` K`gg O`zcs, a`c f` Bhbzcn, `stb hbrab p`rscnbl `s “lc qu` lbs p`rscnbs fma`n f` tm aubnfc nc `stâs `n lb jbomtbamñn‘. Q` gcrhb b pbrtmr f` lc qu` lb i`nt`  p`ramo`, s` mhbimnb y ar`` f` ncsctrcs, ` mngluy` f` hbn`rb fmr`atb `n `l hcfc `n qu` s` r`lbamcnbn acn ncsctrcs, añhc ncs jbolbn, auântb acngmbnzb ncs tm`n`n y quí tmpc f` acsbs `sp`rbn f` nu`strc trbobkc. Tcr `sc f`o`hcs bs`iurbrncs f` qu` lb hbrab p`rscnbl yqu`r`hcs. lc qu` lbs p`rscnbs p`ramo`n y s``vmf`nt`s, mhbimnbnachc f` ncsctrcs s`b `xbatbh`nt` lc qu` B p`sbr f` qu` jby acsbs `l bs`c p`rscnbl, `l ou`n blm`ntc, t`n`r lbs uòbs y lbs hbncs pr`s`ntbol`s, usbr unb lcamñn birbfbol` y t`n`r un trbtc r`sp`tucsc jbamb `l ctrc, nc jby unb ûnmab gcrhb “acrr`atb‘ f` jba`r lbs acsbs, nm tbhpcac un `rrcr qu` s`b trbnsv`rsbl b tcfbs lbs p`rscnbs. @n i`n`rbl, `l cok`tmvc `s t`n`r albrc quí qu`r`hcs prcy`atbr y p`rscnmgmabrlc f` pm`s b abo`zb, ibrbntmzbnfc qu` s`b acj`r`nt` acn nu`strb p`rscnblmfbf y nu`strcs cok`tmvcs y bacrf` acn lc qu` ar``hcs qu` r`su`nb acn nu`strcs alm`nt`s. Tcr `k`hplc, sm f`t`atbs qu` tus alm`nt`s ousabn  p`rscnbs acn un p`rgml gr`sac, pcac aubfrmaulbfc, hcf`rnc, f`sachplmabfc y bl`ir`,  pu`f` s`r unb irbn mf`b usbr `hctmacn`s `n tus ajbts, v`stmrt` acn abhms`tbs `stbhpbfbs y t`n`r `n `l a`lulbr unb albv` f` wmgm achc “jclm2?1‘. Qm, pcr `l acntrbrmc, sm`nt`s qu` tus p`rgml hâs f` s`rmc, alâsmac, gcrhbl yy h`tñfmac, usbralm`nt`s abhmsbs,ousabn trbtbr un b tus alm`nt`s “s`òcr‘ c “s`òcrb‘ t`n`r `n tupu`f`s gctc f`acnsmf`rbr  p`rgml f` wjbtsbpp un lcic c unb gctc acn tu gbhmlmb. Achc fmk`, nc jby unb sclb gcrhb “acrr`atb‘ 16

 

f` jba`r lbs acsbs, p`rc `s `s`nambl qu` lc qu` jbibs s`b p`nsbfc `n gunamñn f` prcy`atbr  lb mhbi`n qu` f`s`bs trbnshmtmr. Acn `l prcpñsmtc f` qu` pu`fbs f`gmnmr acn albrmfbf quí `s lc qu` qum`r`s prcy`atbr, t` f`kc b acntmnubamñn unb lmstb f` t`hbs, pr`iuntbs y puntcs `n lcs qu` tcfcs ncs gmkbhcs bl hch`ntc f` “l``r‘ b lcs ctrcs s`r`s juhbncs y gcrhbrncs unb mhbi`n h`ntbl f` qumín `s `sb p`rscnb; • • • • • • • • •

Añhc qum`rc qu` h` p`ramobn (jbz unb lmstb acn, bl h`ncs, fm`z bfk`tmvcs) Añhc qum`rc cl`r  Añhc h` qum`rc v`stmr  Ruí albs` f` zbpbtcs qum`rc usbr  Añhc qum`rc t`n`r `l p`lc Añhc h` qum`rc hbqumllbr (sm bplmab) Añhc qum`rc qu` s`bn hms achunmabamcn`s pcr ajbt Añhc qum`rc qu` s`bn hms achunmabamcn`s pcr acrr`c Añhc qum`rc qu` s`bn hms achunmabamcn`s vèb t`l`gñnmab

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Añhc qu` bi`nfb, s`bn hmslmor`tb, mhpl`h`ntcs mhpl`h`ntc s f` trbobkcpluhb, y lcs r`lck, cok`tcs cok`tcsomll`t`rb, acn lcs llbv`rc, qu` h` bscambnqum`rc (pcrtâtml, lâpmz/lbpma`rc/ bufègcncs, abribfcr, `ta.) Añhc qum`rc scnbr (tcnc f` vcz, `xpr`smcn`s, hul`tmllbs) Añhc qum`rc sblufbr/f`sp`fmrh` @n quí tmpc f` `spbamcs qum`rc hcv`rh` Ruí tmpc f` mf`bl`s f`gm`nfc Tcr quí jbic lc qu` jbic achc lc jbic Añhc qum`rc qu` s` sm`ntbn hms alm`nt`s bl mnt`rbatubr acnhmic.

• • • • • •

Achc pu`f`s v`r, tcfcs achc lcs f`tbll`s mhpcrtbnt`s, qu` pcsmtmvc prcaurb `njba`r unb f`sarmpamñn tbn acnsam`nt` pu`fbs yscn s`iurc nctbrâs unbsè abhomc lb gcrhb achc t` p`ramo`n.

Acnam`namb aulturbl y f` acnt`xtc; un btrmoutc `s`nambl f`l ou`n gr``lbna` Pn `rrcr achûn `ntr` lcs gr``lbna` `s ar``r qu` lc ûnmac mhpcrtbnt` pbrb ar`a`r  lbocrblh`nt` `s prcgunfmzbr `n lcs fmstmntcs bsp`atcs f` nu`strc trbobkc. B v`a`s ncs cos`smcnbhcs tbntc pcr lc qu` jba`hcs qu` babobhcs p`rfm`nfc f` vmstb tcfc lc f`hâs y f`kbhcs f` bpr`nf`r f` ctrcs t`hbs, f` f`sbrrcllbrncs `n ctrcs s`ntmfcs y f` nutrmrncs f` tcfc lc qu` ncs rcf`b, pu`s p`nsbhcs qu` `sc `s “un bfmamcnbl‘ qu` nc `s mnfmsp`nsbol` trmungbr. `hobric, “bfmamcnbl‘ `s pr`amsbh`nt` lc qu` ncs jba` juhbncs.pbrb Nmniunc f` Qmn ncsctrcs `s un`s` `rhmtbòc qu` vmv` `n lc prcgunfc f` unb 10

 

au`vb, tcfcs schcs pbrt` f` unb scam`fbf batmvb y fmnâhmab, acn lb aubl `stbhcs mnt`rabhombnfc p`rhbn`nt`h`nt` mngcrhbamñn, om`n`s y s`rvmamcs. Tcr `sc `s f` vmtbl mhpcrtbnamb `stbr “smnarcnmzbfcs‘ acn `sb scam`fbf, sbo`r quí `stâ pbsbnfc b nu`strc blr`f`fcr, f` quí jbolb lb i`nt`, quí pm`nsb, quí sm`nt`. F`o`hcs `nt`nf`r qu` pbrb gunamcnbr `n `stb scam`fbf n`a`smtbhcs huajc hâs qu` “s`r ou`ncs `n lc qu` jba`hcs y lmstc‘. @l hunfc `s huajc hâs irbnf` qu` nu`strc `ntcrnc lbocrbl, y sm nc sbo`hcs quí  pbsb b nu`strc blr`f`fcr, `l trbobkc qu` r`blma`hcs, mnf`p`nfm`nt`h`nt` f`l abhpc `n qu` ncs hcvbhcs, pcfrâ qu`fbr f`sacnt`xtublmzbfc. @n `st` puntc oâsmabh`nt` qum`rc jba`r íngbsms `n lb mhpcrtbnamb f` nc p`rf`r lb aurmcsmfbf, f` nc f`kbr f` lbfc `l mnt`rís pcr lb vmfb, f` t`n`r jcoom`s, r`blmzbr aurscs f` gcrhbamñn y batublmzbamñn, `stufmbr pcr au`ntb prcpmb, l``r, v`r p`lèaulbs y s`rm`s, bacstbrs` `n lb irbhb b v`r `l am`lc, jbolbr acn i`nt` nu`vb y f`kbrncs p`rh`br pcr `l hunfc qu` ncs rcf`b. Tu`s bunqu` schcs “mnfmvmfucs‘, nc pcf`hcs bmslbrncs y lb achpr`nsmñn f` lc qu` pbsb b nu`strc blr`f`fcr `s `s`nambl pbrb pcf`r jba`r un trbobkc qu` t`nib un mhpbatc f` v`rfbf `n nu`strb r`blmfbf mnh`fmbtb y i`n`rbl. Tcr ctrb pbrt`, lb v`rfbf `s qu` aubnfc f`amf`s s`r gr``lbna`, achm`nzb b abhombr lb gcrhb achc vmv`s, pu`s tm`n`s qu` `stbr hâs bl`rtb y p`rhbn`nt`h`nt` bom`rtc b tcfc lc qu` t` rcf`b,f`pcrqu` bjè `s fcnf` cpcrtunmfbf`s. @l hunfc `nt`rc s` vu`lv` lbocrbtcrmc bpr`nfmzbk`s, `n `l `stân qu` unlbsou`n plch`rc pu`f` `ns`òbrt` scor` ablmfbfuny añhc bachpbòbr b lcs alm`nt`s5 un hífmac, scor` achunmabamñn bs`rtmvb5 un acntbfcr, scor` s`rvmamc pcs-v`ntb5 un v`nf`fcr abll`k`rc, scor` fmsaursc f` v`ntb, y un h`s`rc, scor` hbn`kc f` armsms. Lc qu` qum`rc f`amr `s qu` nunab f`o`s obkbr lb iubrfmb y `ntrbr  `n pmlctc butchâtmac, pu`s bunqu` nc `stís trbobkbnfc `n lc tuyc, abfb `xp`rm`namb actmfmbnb ncs p`rhmt` bpr`nf`r huajc scor` añhc lbs p`rscnbs scluamcnbn sus n`a`smfbf`s y sup`rbn r`tcs y tcfcs `scs scn bpr`nfmzbk`s qu` pcf`hcs bplmabr `n nu`strc prcpmc acnt`xtc.

@l fèb b fèb f`l gr``lbna`; ³bsè `s achc s` sm`nt`3 B p`sbr f` qu` `s gâaml mhbimnbr qu` lb vmfb y `l fèb b fèb f` un gr``lbna` `s pcac hcnñtcnc, qu` t`nfrâ pcacs hch`ntcs f` “f`sacn`xmñn lbocrbl‘ r`bl y jborâ irbnf`s vbrmbamcn`s `n `l glukc y lb abntmfbf f` su trbobkc, nc `s tbn gâaml mhbimnbr `l mhpbatc `hcamcnbl qu` tm`n`n `stbs vbrmbamcn`s. Tcr bliunb rbzñn qu` bûn `stbhcs `n hcrb f` `salbr`a`r, sm`ntc qu` lbs nu`vbs i`n`rbamcn`s j`hcs f`sbrrcllbfc unb `sp`am` f` “hmcpèb acnt`xtc-t`hpcrbl‘ qu` ncs mhpmf` v`r hâs bllâ f` unb c fcs s`hbnbs jbamb `l pbsbfc c `l guturc. V`nf`hcs b  p`nsbr qu` lc qu` `stbhcs vmvm`nfc `n abfb hch`ntc `s lb smtubamñn p`rhbn`nt` y `sc ncs ll`vb b vmvmr `n acnstbnt` `stbfc f` bniustmb, tbhomín acncamfc achc “sènfrch` f`l gmn f` lb jmstcrmb‘. Abfb v`z qu`, pcr `k`hplc, t`n`hcs uncs fèbs qum`tcs y f` pcac glukc f` trbobkc, `ntrbhcsnunab `n pânmac y s`ntmhcs qu` jbstb bjètrbobkc ll`ibhcs vb b vclv`r b llbhbrncs hâs. T`rc s` ncs clvmfb qu` `l vbrèbpcrqu` s`iûn nbfm` lbs ípcabs 17

 

f`l bòc y qu` tcfcs lcs `v`ntcs y jbstb `l almhb pu`f`n mnglumr `n lcs r`qu`rmhm`ntcs f` lcs alm`nt`s. Qm f` v`rfbf sm`nt`s `l mhpulsc f` “jba`r blic‘ `n `sbs ípcabs `n qu` `l trbobkc “`stâ qum`tc‘, lc h`kcr pbrb `vmtbr `l t`rrcr y lbs mf`bs f` “`stcy qu`fânfch` smn trbobkc‘ `s batmvbrt` y pcn`rt` lbs pmlbs pbrb ousabr nu`vcs alm`nt`s. Vbhomín pu`f`s r`vmsbr tu bi`nfb y jba`r unb lmstb f` lcs alm`nt`s qu` yb tm`n`s, pbrb `sarmomrl`s y vblmfbr sm tcfcs smiu`n `s` hch`ntc nc n`a`smt`n nbfbtrbobkc `sp`aègmac. F` acntbnfc lb hmshbacntmic, gcrhb, bunqu` aubnfc`nsm`ntbs qu` tm`n`s f`hbsmbfc ‖pu`s ll`vbs h`s`s fmam`nfc “sblic f` `stb s`hbnb p`sbfb y lmstc‘‖, trbtb f` jba`r un bltc y f`t`rhmnbr sm f` v`rfbf `stâs t`nm`nfc unb rbajb f` fèbs p`sbfcs c r`blh`nt` ll`vbs f`hbsmbfc tm`hpc sbturbfc f` trbobkc y qumzâ s`b tm`hpc f` ar`a`r, acntrbtbr b blium`n qu` t` byuf`, c f`s`ajbr lcs alm`nt`s qu` h`ncs t` iust`n.

Ach`nzbnfc b trbobkbr; r`amomr r`qu`rmhm`ntcs acn un orm`g  Aubnfc achm`nzbs b trbobkbr, t` fbs au`ntb f` qu` tu hbycr j`rrbhm`ntb f` trbobkc, y lb hâs mhpcrtbnt`, `s achpr`nf`r quí n`a`smtb, qum`r` y `sp`rb `l alm`nt`. Tbrb `stc t`  prcpcnic qu` f`sbrrcll`s lc qu` s` acnca`, prmnampblh`nt` `n puolmamfbf, achc orm`g . @s unb j`rrbhm`ntb achpu`stb pcr unb s`rm` f` pr`iuntbs huy acnar`tbs crm`ntbfbs b mf`ntmgmabr quí `sp`rb c n`a`smtb `l alm`nt` y ibrbntmzbr bsè qu` `l r`sultbfc f`l trbobkc s`b sbtmsgbatcrmc. Bunqu` `l orm`g   s` su`l` jba`r pcr `sarmtc, tbhomín pu`f`s jba`r un orm`g   crbl, furbnt` unb r`unmñn acn tu alm`nt`, sm acnsmf`rbs qu` t` gunamcnb h`kcr. T`rc mnalusc bsè, t` r`achm`nfc nc acngmbr sclc `n tu h`hcrmb y ll`vbr pr`pbrbfbs lbs pr`iuntbs qu` f`o`s r`sclv`r. Nc clvmf`s, bf`hâs, `sarmomr lbs r`spu`stbs f` tu alm`nt`, pbrb `vmtbr `rrcr`s u chmsmcn`s. @n bliuncs abscs, lc sclmamtbfc pu`f` s`r tbn `stbnfbrmzbfc qu` pbr`am`rb mnn`a`sbrmc r`blmzbr un orm`g , p`rc mnalusc `n `scs abscs nc scorb r`acngmrhbr bliuncs t`hbs oâsmacs pbrb `vmtbr sustcs, hblcs rbtcs c r`prca`scs. Abfb orm`g  abhomb,   abhomb, s`iûn `l trbobkc qu` r`blma`s, p`rc am`rtbh`nt` `s mf`bl t`n`r unb `struaturb albrb f` lb mngcrhbamñn qu` n`a`smtbs pbrb pcf`r prcfuamr un r`sultbfc qu` sbtmsgbib b tu alm`nt`. Mnaluy` tcfcs lcs puntcs `n lcs qu` gâamlh`nt` s` pu`f`n i`n`rbr  hblcs `nt`nfmfcs, “covm`fbf`s‘ c hblbs mnt`rpr`tbamcn`s f` lbs n`a`smfbf`s. @n tírhmncs i`n`rbl`s, tcfcs lcs orm`gs f`o`n mnalumr pr`iuntbs `stânfbr qu` bplmabn  pbrb aublqum`r n`a`smfbf, hâs lbs pr`iuntbs prcpmbs f` abfb acnt`xtc y abhpc f` trbobkc. Qm qum`r`s, pu`f`s r`blmzbr un brajmvc fmimtbl acn lbs pr`iuntbs y `k`hplcs f` r`spu`stb, pbrb qu` tu alm`nt` lc fmlmi`nam` y t` lc `nvè`, `n absc f` qu` s`b fmgèaml acnar`tbr unb r`unmñn. B hè, `stc h` jb fbfc huy ou`ncs r`sultbfcs. V` f`kc b acntmnubamñn lb lmstb f` pr`iuntbs `stânfbr y `l orm`g   qu` usc `n hms  prcy`atcs f` mnv`stmibamñn f` h`rabfcs, acn lbs r`spu`stbs f` `k`hplc pbrb crm`ntbr b hms alm`nt`s, `n absc f` qu` nc pu`fb `stbr pr`s`nt` bl hch`ntc f` fmlmi`nambrlc; 19

 

Tr`iuntbs `stânfbr • • •

³Auâl s`rèb un `k`hplc f` un r`sultbfc mf`bl f`l prcy`atc3 ³Tcr quí hctmvc c acn quí gmn sclmamtb lb r`blmzbamñn f` `st` prcy`atc3 ³Q` jbn ll`vbfc b aboc prcy`atcs smhmlbr`s bnt`rmcrh`nt`3 ³Añhc jbn jbn smfc smfc `stcs `stcs  prcy`atcs3

• • • •

³Jby un pr`supu`stc pbrb `st` prcy`atc3 ³Ruí hâri`n`s f` tm`hpc jby pbrb `st` prcy`atc3 ³Rumín `s lb p`rscnb r`spcnsbol` y/c `l abnbl f` achunmabamñn mnfmabfc3 Fbtcs f` acntbatc

Orm`g f` prcy`atcs f` mnv`stmibamñn •

Nchor` f` lb `hpr`sb;  @k`hplc; Achpbòèb BOA

•   @k`hplc; Cok`tmvc i`n`rbl f`l lcs prcy`atc; mf`ntmgmabr prmnampbl`s hctmvcs pcr lcs aubl`s lcs alm`nt`s pct`nambl`s acnsuh`n lbs hbrabs achp`tmfcrbs y nc lb nu`strb. •

F`amsmcn`s qu` s` tchbrân acn obs` `n lb mngcrhbamñn cot`nmfb;  @k`hplc; `strbt`imbs f` h`rabf`c, abnbl`s f` achunmabamñn, ach unmabamñn, prctcaclcs f` bt`namñn bl alm`nt` y f`sbrrcllc f` prcfuatcs y s`rvmamcs b guturc. •

Tûolmac `stufmbfc furbnt` `l prcy`atc;   @k`hplc; p`rscnbs `ntr` ?4-10 bòcs, qu` jbybn bfqumrmfc prcfuatcs f` lb achp`t`namb `n lcs ûltmhcs s`ms h`s`s y vmvbn `n lb amufbf f` H`f`llèn. •

[cnb i`cirâgmab qu` s` ousab mhpbatbr furbnt` `l prcy`atc;  @k`hplc; amufbf f` H`f`llèn y hunmampmcs bl`fbòcs.

•

T`rscnbl mnt`rnc qu` usbrâ `stb mngcrhbamñn;   @k`hplc; âr`bs f` i`r`namb i`n`rbl, h`rabf`c, v`ntbs, achunmabamñn y s`rvmamc bl alm`nt`. •

Auâl `s `l `ntr`ibol` `sp`rbfc;   @k`hplc; un tbll`r f` scamblmzbamñn f`l mngcrh` `k`autmvc acn lcs jbllbzics hâs r`l`vbnt`s, lcs armt`rmcs acn lcs aubl`s `l pûolmac `lmi` quí hbrab acnsuhmr, y `n quí armt`rmcs jby qu` h`kcrbr pbrb `sablbr `n lb pcsmamñn f` acnsuhc, bf`hâs f` unb lmstb f` r`ach`nfbamcn`s y `strbt`imbs sui`rmfbs pbrb lcirbr `l cok`tmvc. 1:

 

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_`qu`rmhm`ntcs bfmamcnbl`s;  @k`hplc; lb mnv`stmibamñn f`o` r`blmzbrs` f` gcrhb mnañinmtb, smn h`namcnbr lb hbrab qu` ll`vb b aboc `l `stufmc. •

Tr`supu`stc `stmhbfc pbrb `l prcy`atc;  @k`hplc; pr`supu`stc n`icambol` f` $ 24”444.444.

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Vm`hpc f` `k`auamñn;  @k`hplc; lb mnv`stmibamñn f`o` r`blmzbrs` `n un p`rècfc hâxmhc f` fcs (?) h`s`s.

Acn `st` orm`g  pu`f`s   pu`f`s ibrbntmzbr qu` lb prcpu`stb qu` l` vbs b pbsbr b tu alm`nt` `stbrâ blmn`bfb acn lc qu` íl `sp`rb y n`a`smtb, y qu` `l r`sultbfc s`râ sbtmsgbatcrmc. Vchb, `ntcna`s, lc qu` t` smrvb f` `stcs `k`hplcs y f`sbrrcllb tu prcpmc orm`g . F` tcfbs gcrhbs, sm `s pcsmol`, prcaurb r`pbsbrlc acn tu alm`nt` y vblmfbr tu mnt`rpr`tbamñn f` lc qu` `st` t` `stâ sclmamtbnfc, acn `l gmn f` ibrbntmzbr qu` jbybs achpr`nfmfc om`n sus `xp`atbtmvbs.

 Orm`g `k`hplc

Añhc f`sbrrcllbr lcs r`qu`rmhm`ntcs qu` r`amobs; vblmfbamñn Bunqu` nc h` qum`rc “h`t`r `n `l rbnajc‘ f` nbfm`, y nc pr`t`nfc f`amrt` añhc jba`r  tu trbobkc, qum`rc r`ach`nfbrt` qu` f`sbrrcll`s hítcfcs y smst`hbs qu` t` p`rhmtbn `stbnfbrmzbr lb ablmfbf y lcs prca`scs qu` cgr`a`s, achc h`fmfb f` trbnqumlmfbf y cribnmzbamñn. Bfmamcnblh`nt`, `s ou`nc qu` mnaluybs, f`ntrc f` `scs hítcfcs, hch`ntcs `n lcs aubl`s vblmfbr acn `l alm`nt` qu`, `g`atmvbh`nt`, vbs pcr `l abhmnc acrr`atc. @stc auhpl` un trmpl` prcpñsmtc; fmshmnumr `l rm`sic f` r`prca`scs ` mnsbtmsgbaamcn`s, bpr`nf`r scor` lc qu` `l alm`nt` qum`r` c n`a`smtb y, pcr supu`stc, jba`r  qu` `l alm`nt` s` sm`ntb pbrtèamp` ` mhpcrtbnt` b lc lbric f`l prca`sc.

Añhc `ntr`ibr r`qu`rmhm`ntcs; acnalusmñn F`spuís f` qu` jbybs r`blmzbfc lb prcpu`stb c `l prcy`atc acn obs` `n `l orm`g, y ll`iu` `l hch`ntc f` pr`s`ntârs`lc b tu alm`nt`, t` r`achm`nfc qu` `hpm`a`s sm`hpr` pcr r`l``r  `l orm`g  acn   acn tu alm`nt`, acn `l gmn f` r`acrfbrl` lc qu` sclmamtñ. Jby cabsmcn`s `n qu`, bl r`amomr lcs r`sultbfcs suri`n nu`vbs n`a`smfbf`s `l alm`nt` hcstrbrs` mnacngcrh` bl v`r qu`f`l nctrbobkc, `stân r`su`ltbs. Tcr `sc, r`pbsbr `lyorm`g    bnt`spu`f`  bnt`s f` ach`nzbr `s unb gcrhb bhbol` f` hcstrbrl` bl alm`nt` qu` `l trbobkc r`blmzbfc r`spcnf` b lc qu` 1=

 

sclmamtñ y qu` tcfbs lbs mnqum`tuf`s qu` pu`fbn surimr pcst`rmcrh`nt` nc `stbrân `n lb  prcpu`stb pcrqu` bûn nc s` jboèbn jboèbn f`t`atbfc nm sclmamtbfc. Bfmamcnblh`nt`, aubnfc `stâs pr`s`ntbnfc lcs r`sultbfcs, pu`f`s mr h`namcnbnfc b quí pbrt` f`l orm`g   co`f`a` co`f`a` abfb unc, f` tbl gcrhb qu`, bl gmnblmzbr, `l alm`nt` v`b qu` `l orm`g  s`  s` `k`autñ `n su tctblmfbf y f` gcrhb sbtmsgbatcrmb. Achc fma`n lcs puolmamstbs scor` lbs ou`nbs pr`s`ntbamcn`s; fml`s lc qu` vbn b v`r, huístrbl`s pbrb qu` lc v`bn y acnaluy` fmamínfcl`s lc qu` babobrcn f` v`r.

_`f`s scambl`s prc; `xp`atbtmvbs r`blmstbs b j`rrbhm`ntbs t`rr`nbl`s Lb hbycrèb f` ncsctrcs `stbhcs obstbnt` gbhmlmbrmzbfcs acn `l usc f` lbs r`f`s scambl`s  pbrb usc p`rscnbl y acn gmn`s f` `spbramhm`ntc. Vcfcs s`iumhcs b p`rscnbs qu` bfhmrbhcs, v`hcs h`h`s, acnsuhmhcs acnt`nmfcs y sbabhcs `l a`lulbr tbn prcntc t`n`hcs un mnstbnt` lmor`, p`rc pcacs j`hcs usbfc lbs r`f`s scambl`s f` gcrhb  prcg`smcnbl y acn prcpñsmtcs ach`rambl`s. Tcr lc tbntc, t`n`hcs lb ar``namb ‖gblsb y fmstcrsmcnbfb‖ f` qu` lbs r`f`s scn lb pbnba`b, qu` scn p`rg`atbs ` mnfmsp`nsbol`s, qu` l` smrv`n pcr miubl b tcfc `l hunfc y qu`, tbn prcntc borbhcs nu`strc prcpmc p`rgml f` Mnstbirbh, lcs alm`nt`s ach`nzbrân b llcv`r hâimabh`nt`. ¡Tugg! Qè albrc, `sp`r` s`ntbfc  pbrb qu` nc s` abns`. Achc s` jb `sarmtc huajc scor` lbs r`f`s scambl`s y jby trbtbfcs `nt`rcs scor` quí jba`r, añhc jba`rlc y pcr quí jba`rlc, `n `st` abpètulc pr`g`rmrèb qu` ncs acna`ntrârbhcs, f` gcrhb hâs prâatmab, `n achpr`nf`r lbs r`f`s scambl`s `n su kustb h`fmfb y `nt`nf`r lb fmg`r`namb `ntr` añhc usbrlbs f` gcrhb p`rscnbl y prcg`smcnbl, pbrb ar`br unb `struaturb f` acnt`nmfcs (llbhbfb usublh`nt` pbrrmllb) qu` ncs gunamcn` y s`b  prâatmab y btrbatmvb. Aubnfc usbhcs lbs r`f`s b tètulc p`rscnbl, `l ûnmac armt`rmc pbrb puolmabr acnt`nmfc, c lc qu` scl`hcs llbhbr “suomr unb gctc‘, `s qu` `s` acnt`nmfc ncs iust`. T`rc aubnfc usbhcs lbs r`f`s acn gmn`s prcg`smcnbl`s c ach`rambl`s, `l iustc `s unc f` lcs armt`rmcs h`ncs r`l`vbnt`s. Bl `ntrbr `n `l hunfc f` lbs r`f`s scambl`s prcg`smcnbl`s, ach`nzbhcs b achpr`nf`r qu`, bl miubl qu` aublqum`r abnbl f` acnt`nmfc irbtumtc qu` n`a`smtb s`r btrbatmvc pbrb pcf`r v`nf`r (un abnbl f` t`l`vmsmñn, pcr `k`hplc, n`a`smtb cgr`a`r ncv`lbs, nctmam`rcs y prcirbhbs f` `ntr`vmstbs pbrb t`n`r sugmam`nt` bufm`namb y v`nf`r sus `spbamcs ach`rambl`s y f` pbutb), `n lbs r`f`s ncsctrcs tbhomín t`n`hcs qu` r`sultbr mnt`r`sbnt`s pbrb nu`strb bufm`namb, acn `l gmn f` qu` qu` ncs pcnibn bt`namñn y,  pcr `nf`, acnczabn lc qu` cgr`a`hcs. Qm lcs abnbl`s f` t`l`vmsmñn c lbs `hmscrbs f` rbfmc scn bourrmfbs, nbfm` lbs `sauajb. Tcr `sc s` `sgu`rzbn `n s`r btrbatmvbs pbrb `l pûolmac, acn `l gmn f` abutmvbr bufm`namb y bsè mntrcfuamr `ntr` `l acnt`nmfc f` `ntr`t`nmhm`ntc `spbamcs ach`rambl`s y f` pbutb qu` l`s i`n`rbn mnir`scs pbrb s`r scst`nmol`s y r`ntbol`s. F` `stcs abnbl`s trbfmamcnbl`s jby qu` bpr`nf`r, `ntcna`s, qu` `s n`a`sbrmc t`n`r un oblbna` bf`aubfc `ntr` `l acnt`nmfc qu` l` mnt`r`sb bl usubrmc y `l acnt`nmfc qu` t` mnt`r`sb b tm pbrb pcf`r v`nf`rlc. C, sm `s 64

 

 pcsmol`, pr`s`ntbr `l acnt`nmfc qu` t` mnt`r`sb v`nf`r f` unb gcrhb birbfbol` y `ntr`t`nmfb pbrb `l usubrmc, f` gcrhb qu` tcfcs ibn`n. Lb prcpcramñn qu` r`achm`nfbn lbs achpbòèbs f` r`f`s scambl`s `s f` ?0/90; ?0 pcr am`ntc f` acnt`nmfc ach`rambl y 90  pcr am`ntc f` `ntr`t`nmhm`ntc. Qmn `hobric, `stb prcpcramñn pu`f` vbrmbr, f` bau`rfc acn quí tbn btrbatmvc lcir`s jba`r tu acnt`nmfc. Pnb v`z t`nibs albrc `stc, pu`f`s ach`nzbr b f`sbrrcllbr tu `strbt`imb f` achunmabamñn y lb gbhcsb “pbrrmllb‘. p`nsbr`n`nau`ntb añhc `lqum`r`s s`bn tusc r`f`s y quí qum`r`s lcirbr acn `llbs, `n@hpm`zb `sp`amblpcr t`nm`nfc tmpc f`qu` prcfuatc s`rvmamc qu` cgr`a`s y quí tbn gâaml `s achunmabrlc f` gcrhb `ntr`t`nmfb. Achc prmh`r   pbsc `s n`a`sbrmc f`gmnmr `l tmpc f` acnsuhmfcr bl qu` qu` t` fmrmi`s y lbs r`f`s qu` acnsuh`,  pu`s `s huy fmg`r`nt` t`n`r un acnsuhmfcr qu` s` lb pbsb `n Mnstbirbh y ]cuVuo`, b t`n`r b blium`n qu` pr`gm`r` l``r acnt`nmfc `n olcis, hbnt`n`rs` `n acntbatc acn sus bhmics pcr Gba`occe c ousabr mnspmrbamñn `n Tmnt`r`st. Tbrb f`sbrrcllbr `st` p`rgml, r`achm`nfc r`blmzbr un prca`sc f` prcsp`aamñn achc `l qu` pr`s`ntc f` gcrhb prâatmab `n `l abpètulc f`fmabfc b lcs alm`nt`s (y qu` `nacntrbrâs hâs bf`lbnt`). F`spuís f` t`n`r  unb prcsp`aamñn albrb, `s n`a`sbrmc f`gmnmr pcr h`fmc f` lb cos`rvbamñn, `nau`stbs c acnsultbs b gu`nt`s s`aunfbrmbs (lb hbycrèb f` lbs v`a`s h`fmbnt` mnv`stmibamcn`s `n mnt`rn`t), lbs r`f`s `n lbs qu` f`o`s `stbr pr`s`nt` y quí tmpc f` r`g`r`nt`s pu`f`s `nacntrbr `n fmajbs r`f`s pbrb bpr`nf`r f` sus `k`hplcs. Aubnfc t`nibs lmstbs lb prcsp`aamñn, lb p`rgmlbamñn y lbs r`f`s qu` acnsuh` tu alm`nt`, prca`f` b f`gmnmr lb `strbt`imb i`n`rbl, lbs tâatmabs y gmnblh`nt` lb pbrrmllb. @n tírhmncs i`n`rbl`s, lb `strbt`imb `s lc qu` qum`r`s lcirbr acn tus r`f`s. Psublh`nt` lb r`spu`stb butchâtmab s`râ “v`nf`r‘. Qè, albrc, p`rc bl mnmamc `s huy fmgèaml jba`rlc f`sf` `l prmh`r  pcst   y pcr `sc `s pcsmol` qu` `l cok`tmvc r`bl s`b lcirbr mnmambr unb achunmabamñn, pbrb `ntrbr lu`ic `n un prca`sc f` v`ntb. Bsè, sm `r`s, pcr `k`hplc, bs`scr  `n t`hbs l`ibl`s pbrb `hpr`nf`fcr`s y sbo`s qu` `s huajc hâs prcobol` qu` t` acntrbt`n sm lcirbs r`unmrt` p`rscnblh`nt` acn `llcs y `sauajbr su absc, tu `strbt`imb  pu`f` s`r qu` t` `sarmobn acn pr`iuntbs pbrb pcf`r acnca`r h`kcr sus n`a`smfbf`s y r`blmzbr unb prcpu`stb f` bs`scrèb, c sclmamtbr unb amtb `n lb qu` cgr`a`s unb crm`ntbamñn irbtumtb y unb actmzbamñn. Acn obs` `n `sb `strbt`imb, yb pcfrâs f`sbrrcllbr lbs tâatmabs, `s f`amr, lbs baamcn`s acnar`tbs acn lbs qu` lcirbrâs tu cok`tmvc. Qm, pcr `k`hplc, tu pûolmac s` achpcn` f` acnsuhmfcr`s f` Mnstbirbh, pu`f`s cptbr pcr jba`r acnaurscs pbrb bs`scrèbs irbtms5 jba`r “`n vmvcs‘ `n lcs qu` r`spcnf`s pr`iuntbs f` lcs qu` `stín acn`atbfcs5 r`blmzbr   pcsts f` “1 acsbs qu` nc sboèbs scor` lbs l`y`s f` SSSSSSSS y sm `stc t` bplmab tm`n`s un ?4 pcr am`ntc f` f`sau`ntc `n tu acnsultb‘5 puolmabr lbs fm`z v`ntbkbs prmnampbl`s f` acntrbtbr b un bocibfc `sp`amblmstb5 achunmabr unb v`z b lb s`hbnb qu` vbs b r`amomr lbs  prmh`rbs tr`s acnsultbs b hmtbf f` acstc c, mnalusc, puolmabr mngcrhbamñn scor` gu`nt`s f` acnsultb u ctrc tmpc f` balbrbamcn`s qu` vblmf`n tu acncamhm`ntc. Aubnfc t`nibs tcfc lmstc `n aubntc b `strbt`imbs y tâatmabs, pcfrâs ach`nzbr b trbfuamrlbs `n pcsts, pbrb lc aubl`s n`a`sbrmc t`n`r unb `struaturb qu` t` p`rhmtb brtmaulbr  tcfcs `scs h`nsbk`s y acnt`nmfcs f` gcrhb acj`r`nt`, vbrmbfb y `ntr`t`nmfb. Bjè `s 62

 

fcnf` `ntrb lb gbhcsb “pbrrmllb‘, llbhbfb bsè pcrqu` vmsublh`nt` pbr`a` unb pbrrmllb, f`omfc b lbs lèn`bs jcrmzcntbl`s y v`rtmabl`s. Lb pbrrmllb `s lb j`rrbhm`ntb qu` t` vb b  p`rhmtmr cribnmzbr lcs acnt`nmfcs f` tbl gcrhb qu` nc s` scor`abriu` nmniunc, bl tm`hpc qu` t` p`rhmt` prcirbhbr lc qu` vbs b puolmabr, f` bau`rfc acn lcs fèbs y lcs hch`ntcs ach`rambl`s. Bunqu` jby huajcs `k`hplcs y gcrhbs f` jba`r unb pbrrmllb pbrb r`f`s scambl`s, qum`rc prcpcn`rt` unb huy s`namllb y bhmibol`, qu` j` fms`òbfc b hbn`rb f` unb @stb iuèb pbrrmllb s`hbnb t` b s`hbnb pbrb `struaturbr qu`tuvbs b puolmabr. p`rhmtmrâ r`imstrbr qumínlc `s pûolmac, `n quí tcnc f` vcz l` vbs b jbolbr y lcs mnt`r`s`s c t`hbs qu` pu`f`s tcabr, acn lb trbnqumlmfbf f` qu` r`sultbrân r`l`vbnt`s. Aubnfc t`nibs `stc achc mnsuhc mnmambl pbrb abfb r`f scambl, lb pbrrmllb t` byufbrâ b trbfuamrlc `n un amalc f` sm`t` fèbs, b lcs qu` pcfrâs bsminbrl`s fmg`r`nt`s tmpcs f` acnt`nmfc y fmg`r`nt`s tmpcs f` “acpy‘ (t`xtc). ] smn hâs pr`âhoulcs, j`lb bquè;

Qm bplmabhcs `stb `struaturb f` pbrrmllb bl `k`hplc f` lbs bs`scrèbs l`ibl`s pbrb `hpr`nf`fcr`s, pcfrèbhcs ll`ibr b blic hâs c h`ncs bsè;

6?

 

Aubnfc t`nibs lb pbrrmllb `struaturbfb y s`pbs `l tmpc f` acnt`nmfcs qu` f`s`bs puolmabr,  prca`f` b hultmplmabr `stb pbrrmllb pcr aubtrc (`l nûh`rc f` s`hbnbs qu` tm`n` abfb h`s) h `s) y b “r`sclv`rlb‘ ar`bnfc `l acnt`nmfc qu` n`a`smtbs byufânfct` acn gctcs, bplmabamcn`s (`n `l p`nûltmhc abpètulc f` `st` lmorc `nacntrbrâs bliunbs), c t`xtcs ` mlustrbamcn`s qu` acrr`spcnfbn b lb pbrrmllb. Bsè, bl gmnbl t`nfrâs tcfc `l h`s lmstc pbrb s`r puolmabfc y lb a`rt`zb f` qu` vb b puolmabr un acnt`nmfc om`n plbnmgmabfc y f` mnt`rís, qu` t` vb b byufbr b lcirbr tus cok`tmvcs. Qm `r`s un bpbsmcnbfc f` lbs r`f`s scambl`s, t` prcpcnic ar`br fcs `spbamcs `xtrb `n lb pbrrmllb; `l prmh`rc f`stmnbfc bl hbt`rmbl qu` vbs b pbutbr `n r`f`s scambl`s, y `l s`iunfc, bl hbt`rmbl qu` acrr`spcnf`râ b “batmvbamcn`s pbrbl`lbs‘, `s f`amr, tcfc lc qu`  pbsb pcr tm`hpc lmhmtbfc, achc acnaurscs,  stcrm`s, `n vmvcs, r`pcsts, `ta. Bl gmnbl, `ntcna`s, t`nfrâs unb `struaturb achc lb qu` v`s `n lb pâimnb smium`nt`. @stb pbrrmllb `stâhâs p`nsbfb prch`fmc f` un jba`r h`s ytcfc unblcr`f scamblpcr b lbar`br v`z.unb Qm qum`r`s hbn`kbr f` unbpbrb r`f un scambl, t` bacns`kc pcsmol`  pbrrmllb mnf`p`nfm`nt` pbrb abfb r`f, pu`s pu`s tcfbs tm`n`n fmnâhmabs y uscs ffmg`r`nt`s. mg`r`nt`s. V` f`kc b acntmnubamñn unb pbrrmllb vbaèb acn `l gmn f` qu` pu`fbs usbrlb achc  plbntmllb f` pru`ob pbrb tus prcy`atcs. Bfmamcnblh`nt` pcfrâs f`sabribr lb plbntmllb `n TFG `sabn`bnfc lcs smium`nt`s añfmics R_ ;

Hcf`lc f` pbrrmllb r`f`s scambl`s 61

 

Tbrrmllb `n @xa`l pbrb `fmtbr 

66

 

Lb bplmabamñn f` `stbs j`rrbhm`ntbs t` p`rhmtmrân fbrl` un hbn`kc prcg`smcnbl y `struaturbfc b lbs r`f`s, f` gcrhb qu` t` byuf`n b cgr`a`r y v`nf`r lc qu` jba`s. Nc clvmf`s, smn `hobric, `stbr bt`ntc b tcfbs lbs mnt`rbaamcn`s qu` pu`fbn surimr b pbrtmr f` bllè (ach`ntbrmcs, lme`s, mnocx, `ta,) y b lcs abhomcs y batublmzbamcn`s f` abfb r`f scambl. ] bjcrb vb lb òbpmtb (f`gmnmtmvbh`nt` `st` lmorc sè `s lb lcaurb, ³nc3); añhc pbutbr `n r`f`s scambl`s.

2. Vmpcs f` pbutb Baâ jby qu` jba`r unb fmg`r`nambamñn `ntr` bqu`llbs cg`rtbs qu` ncs pu`f`n ousabr, bqu`llbs cg`rtbs qu` pcf`hcs ousabr y bqu`llbs qu` auhpl`n acn bhocs p`rgml`s. Yjbt3 Jby prcfuatcs f` lcs aubl`s unb p`rscnb s` pu`f` bntckbr, achc, pcr `k`hplc, un vmbk` b Qbn Bnfrís ultrb obrbtc. @stcs prcfuatcs pu`f`n t`n`r unb pbutb mntrusmvb, `s f`amr, lb pbutb qu` t` bpbr`a` `n `l  g``f   f` Mnstbirbh c Gba`occe, bqu`llb qu` t` mnt`rruhp` `l vmf`c f` ]cuVuo`, c lb pbutb f` un mnglu`na`r jbolbnfc f`l vmbk` b Qbn Bnfrís. Tcr ctrc lbfc, jby cg`rtbs achc pcr `k`hplc f` bt`namñn hífmab fchmamlmbrmb, s`rvmamcs f` irûb c f` un bocibfc f` fmvcramcs5 cg`rtbs qu` nc lcirbn bntckbrncs acn tbntb gbamlmfbf (nbfm` s` bntckb f` acntrbtbr un bocibfc, b ocibfc, fuj!) smnc qu` sclc acnsuhmhcs aubnfc lbs n`a`smtbhcs. ] pcr ûltmhc, jby cg`rtbs achc unb hb`strèb c un aursc f` mnilís, qu` pu`f`n Aubnfc vbhcs auhplmr b mnmambracn unbbhocs pbutb p`rgml`s. `n mnt`rn`t, f`o`hcs mf`ntmgmabr sm nu`strb cg`rtb  pu`f` bntckbr b lbs p`rscnbs. @n `s` absc, f`o`rèbhcs acnsmf`rbr pbutbr `n Gba`occe, 60

 

Mnstbirbh, ]cuVuo`, mnglu`na`rs, olcis, `ta. Qm, pcr `l acntrbrmc, nu`strb cg`rtb nc `s susa`ptmol` f` bntckbr b lbs p`rscnbs, f`o`rèbhcs acnsmf`rbr pbutbr `n Iccil` y s`r lcs  prmh`rcs `n bpbr`a`r aubnfc lb i`nt` ousqu` blic r`lbamcnbfc acn lc qu` cgr`ahcs. Vbhomín pcfrèbhcs acnsmf`rbr pbutbr `n h`fmcs `sp`amblmzbfcs f` lb mnfustrmb, y tbl v`z  pbutbr acn bliuncs lèf`r`s f` cpmnmñn acn `strbt`imbs f` r`acrfbamñn pbrb qu`, aubnfc surkb lb n`a`smfbf, s`bhcs lcs prmh`rcs `n lb lmstb c “tcp cg hmnf ‘‘.. ] sm t`n`hcs unb cg`rtb qu` auhpl` acn bhocs p`rgml`s… pu`s baâ s` vbl` tcfc.

?. Bpr`nf` acn lcs h`kcr`s, c bl h`ncs bpr`nf` irbtms F`p`nfm`nfc f` añhc y fñnf` lc jbibhcs, aubnfc `hp`zbhcs b pbutbr pcf`hcs p`fmr  lb bs`scrèb f` `xp`rtcs `n `l t`hb, mf`blh`nt` b ctrcs gr``lbna` (s`bhcs acj`r`nt`s y bpcy`hcs b nu`strb `sp`am`) qu` ncs pu`fbn iumbr ba`rab f` añhc crm`ntbr lb pbutb, quí tmpc f` acnt`nmfc pbutbr y añhc jba`rl` s`iumhm`ntc. T`rc `n absc f` qu` nu`strbs brabs `stín vbaèbs y nc acnt`hcs acn pr`supu`stc pbrb pbibrl` b un `xp`rtc, `n lb hbycrèb f` lcs s`rvmamcs f` pbutb jborâ un bi`nt` ach`rambl qu` qum`r` qu` ncs vbyb om`n (pbrb qu` smibhcs pbutbnfc) y, pcr `nf`, ncs bs`scrbrâ f` gcrhb irbtumtb scor` añhc jba`rlc. @n Gba`occe c Iccil` BfYcrfs, pcr `k`hplc, v`râs añhc b lc lbric f`l smst`hb pbrb pbutb `nau`ntrbs octcn`s y cpamcn`s qu` bor`n lb pcsmomlmfbf f` qu` `llcs t` llbh`n pbrb bs`scrbrt` y ll`vbrt` pbsc b pbsc pcr `l smst`hb. Vbhomín t` r`su`lv`n fufbs, t` jba`n r`ach`nfbamcn`s f` bau`rfc acn tu n`icamc y, covmc, t` bnmhbn b mnv`rtmr hâs fmn`rc `n lb pbutb. Bsè qu` nc jby `xausbs, yb sbo`s añhc pu`f`s bs`scrbrt`, yb s`b acn un gr``lbna` qu` acnczabs (c qu` nc acnczabs) c acn unc f` lcs `xp`rtcs f` lcs fmg`r`nt`s s`rvmamcs f` pbutb.

1. H`fmr, h`fmr y h`fmr @n bfhmnmstrbamñn s` fma` qu` lc qu` nc s` hmf`, nc s` acntrclb, y `n lc qu` s` r`gm`r` b lb pbutb, `stc `s mnar`èol`h`nt` am`rtc. H` btr`v`rèb b f`amr qu` sm pbutbr cnlmn` tm`n` bliûn s`ar`tc unmv`rsbl, `st` acnsmst` `n h`fmr y bkustbr p`rhbn`nt`h`nt`. @n `l âhomtc fmimtbl, tcfc t` `ntr`ib h`fmamcn`s f` quí pbsñ, añhc pbsñ, auânfc  pbsñ, acn qumín pbsñ y fñnf` pbsñ. @stc `s lc qu` s` llbhb ETM  (E`y T`rgcrhbna` Mnfmabtcr) c Mnfmabfcr Albv` f` F`s`hp`òc. Bsè, hâs qu` bpr`nf`r unb gcrhb unmv`rsblh`nt` acrr`atb f` pbutbr, lb albv` `stâ `n pbutbr pcqumtc, h`fmr quí gunamcnb h`kcr y vclv`r b pbutbr acn `s` bkust`. Acn `l gmn f` mlustrbr `st` puntc, qumsm`rb achpbrtmr acntmic hm `xp`rm`namb acn un alm`nt` qu` v`nf` ablzcnamllcs pcr mnt`rn`t. Ach`nzbhcs pbutbnfc `n tcfb Aclchomb s`ms mhâi`n`s fmg`r`nt`s. F`spuís f` un tm`hpc r`vmsbhcs lbs h`fmamcn`s y ncs fmhcs au`ntb f` qu` jboèb hâs almas `ntr` lbs 7 p.h. y lbs 22 p.h. (sè, `sb `s lb jcrb b lb qu` lcs aclchombncs achprbhcs ablzcnamllcs pcr mnt`rn`t). Lu`ic ncs fmhcs au`ntb f` qu`, f` lbs s`ms mhâi`n`s qu` puolmaâobhcs, lbs qu` hâs almas i`n`rbobn `rbn lbs qu` hcstrbobn bl hcf`lc smn abo`zb scor` gcnfc olbnac, bsè qu` ach`nzbhcs b usbr lbs s`ms mhâi`n`s acn `st` pbrâh`trc. Lu`ic vmhcs qu` jboèb `fbf`s y amufbf`s `sp`aègmabs qu` t`nèbn 67

 

h`kcr r`spu`stb b `stb pbutb, y abna`lbhcs lbs qu` nc acmnamfm`rbn acn `l pbrâh`trc qu` jboèbhcs `nacntrbfc. Acn tcfc `st` prca`sc lcirbhcs hultmplmabr pcr s`ms lbs v`ntbs i`n`rbfbs acn lb pbutb, y tcfc irbambs b qu` h`fèbhcs abfb acsb r`lmimcsbh`nt`. Bsè qu` hm ûltmhb r`ach`nfbamñn `s h`fmr tcfc, tcfc `l tm`hpc, y bkustbrs` b `scs r`sultbfcs.

T`rs`v`rbnamb Bnt`s f` a`rrbr `st` abpètulc, qum`rc `xbltbr `l vblcr qu` tm`n` lb p`rs`v`rbnamb pbrb un gr``lbna`, pcrqu` lcs “h`kcr`s alm`nt`s y hbycr`s lcircs‘ (abfb qum`n f`gmn` “h`kcr`s‘ y “hbycr`s‘ f` fmg`r`nt`s gcrhbs) s`rân `l grutc f` jbo`r smfc acnstbnt` y pbam`nt`, y f` `stbr bjè sm`hpr` bt`ntc b lc qu` pu`fb surimr. Bunqu` f`sf` lu`ic jborâ hch`ntcs `n lcs qu` s` grbabs` c lcs n`icamcs nc surkbn tbn râpmfc achc qu`r`hcs c n`a`smtbhcs, `l íxmtc s` blabnzb p`rs`v`rbnfc `n `l prcpñsmtc f` ar`a`r achc prcg`smcnbl mnf`p`nfm`nt` y f` jba`r `l trbobkc om`n. Nc ar`c qu` t`nib nmniûn tmpc f` tbl`ntc mnnbtc c `xa`pamcnbl,  p`rc sè t` pu`fc bs`iurbr qu` lb fmsamplmnb y lb t`nbamfbf scn fcs vblcr`s `s`nambl`s `n `l abhmnc jbamb lb acnqumstb f` lbs h`tbs qu` t` prcpcn`s, vblcr`s qu` pu`f`s aultmvbr abfb fèb.

Añhc `vblubr tu prcy`atc y añhc ar`a`r Aubnfc jbolc f` `vblubamñn, hâs qu` “ablmgmabr‘ `l f`s`hp`òc f` un prcy`atc achc  ou`nc c hblc, bltc c obkc, prcpcnic mf`ntmgmabr lcs bsp`atcs `n lcs qu` `st` pu`f` h`kcrbr c pu`f` s`r pct`nambfc. Bunqu` jby huajbs gcrhbs f` `vblubr un prcy`atc, qu` vbn f`sf` `l s`rvmamc pcs-v`ntb y lb r`achprb, jbstb un p`rmtbk` c un bvblûc f`l hmshc, t` prcpcnic achpl`tbr unb smhpl` hbtrmz qu` llbhc “Hbtrmz f` lc mnh`fmbtbh`nt` n`a`sbrmc‘, acn `l gmn f` mf`ntmgmabr quí `l`h`ntcs f` tu prcy`atc pu`f`s h`kcrbr pbrb v`r un r`sultbfc hâs mnh`fmbtc. Pn prcy`atc ach`rambl s` fmvmf` `n aubtrc bsp`atcs oâsmacs qu` jby qu` h`fmr   p`rhbn`nt`h`nt` y `l bsp`atc qu` t`nib unb h`fmamñn hâs obkmtb t` mnfmabrâ `ns`iumfb lc qu` f`o`s trbobkbr c pct`nambr. Acn `l gmn f` mf`ntmgmabr `st` `l`h`ntc, t` r`achm`nfc r`spcnf`r lbs smium`nt`s pr`iuntbs; •

³Auântbs p`rscnbs f` tu tu pûolmac pûolmac pct`nambl t` acnca`n3 Qm t` t` acnca`n acnca`n pcabs pcabs p`rscnbs, p`rscnbs, n`a`smtbs fbrt` b acnca`r, jba`r lbocr ach`rambl, vmsmtbr alm`nt`s c mnaursmcnbr `n  puolmamfbf.

Tcr `l acntrbrmc, sm t` acnca`n huajbs p`rscnbs f` tu pûolmac cok`tmvc, `ntcna`s f`o`s  pr`iuntbrt`; •

F` lbs p`rscnbs qu` t` acnca`n, ³auântbs f`s`bn f`s`bn tu prcfuatc c s`rvmamc3 Qm scn  pcabs, `ntcna`s n`a`smtbs h`kcrbr tu cg`rtb f` vblcr, tu puv, c lb gcrhb achc

69

 

achunmabs tu cg`rtb pbrb ibrbntmzbr qu` `r`s btrbatmvc. Qm, pcr `l acntrbrmc, f` lbs p`rscnbs qu` t` acnca`n huajbs f`s`bn tu prcfuatc c s`rvmamc, `ntcna`s f`o`s pr`iuntbrt`; •

F` lbs qu` f`s`bn tu prcfuatc c s`rvmamc, s`rvmamc, ³auântbs t` achprbn c t` acntrbtbn3 Qm scn  pcabs, `ntcna`s f`o`s r`vmsbr `l trbobkc f` tus v`nf`fcr`s, lb ablmfbf f` tu prcfuatc c s`rvmamc, lb p`rtmn`namb f` lcs abnbl`s qu` usbs y `l pr`amc qu` gmkbs, `n achpbrbamñn acn `l f` lb achp`t`namb.

T`rc sm huajbs p`rscnbs achprbn tu prcfuatc c acntrbtbn tus s`rvmamcs, `ntcna`s f`o`s  pr`iuntbrt`; •

F` lbs p`rscnbs qu` achprbn tu prcfuatc prcfuatc c acntrbtbn tus tus s`rvmamcs, s`rvmamcs, ³auântbs t` achprbn c t` acntrbtbn pcr s`iunfb c t`ra`rb v`z3 Qm `l nmv`l f` r`achprb `s obkc, `ntcna`s f`o`s vblmfbr lb ablmfbf f` tu cg`rtb, `l nmv`l f` sbtmsgbaamñn f` tus alm`nt`s y lb pcsv`ntb. ] sm tm`n`s un ou`n nmv`l f` r`achprb, `ntcna`s tu prcy`atc vb pcr   ou`n abhmnc.

@stb s`namllb hbtrmz t` p`rhmt` crm`ntbr tus `sgu`rzcs jbamb lcs bsp`atcs qu` v`rfbf`rbh`nt` n`a`smtbn h`kcrbr acn `l gmn f` qu` tu prcy`atc ar`zab. Aubnfc abr`a`s f` `stb albrmfbf, pu`f` qu` `stís mnvmrtm`nfc tm`hpc, fmn`rc y `sgu`rzc `n bsp`atcs qu` nc lc n`a`smtbn. B acntmnubamñn t` f`kc un hbpb irâgmac f` `st` `k`ramamc, pbrb qu`  pu`fbs utmlmzbrlc acn hbycr gbamlmfbf. gbamlmfbf.

6:

 

AJ@AELMQV TB_B _@AC_FB_ ] H@FM_ BWBNA@Q  Hâs qu` un gmn `n sè hmshc, s`r gr``lbna` `s un h`fmc pbrb ll`ibr b un gmn. Tcr `sc f`o`s sbo`r huy om`n quí `s lc qu` qum`r`s, pbrb crm`ntbr tus pbscs jbamb `s` gmn. Bsè qu`, ³yb tm`n`s tu lmstb f` r`spu`stbs b lbs pr`iuntbs `xmst`nambl`s (y nc tbn `xmst`nambl`s) f` `st` abpètulc3   Tbrb acns`iumr alm`nt`s, f`o`hcs vclv`rncs btrbatmvcs y lb ar`btmvmfbf `s unb j`rrbhm`ntb mf`bl pbrb `sc. Nc clvmf`s mnt`ntbr `stcs `k`ramamcs;

6=

 

• • • •

Jbolb f` lcs prcol`hbs f` tu âr`b f` n`icamc acn acn bhmics, ` mnv`ntbs mnv`ntbs scluamcn`s scluamcn`s acn `llcs. _`blmzbr aumfbfcsbh`nt` `l tbll`r f` lb _bfmc _bfmcirbgèb irbgèb f` Alm`nt` Alm`nt` (ckblâ acn abfb unc unc f` f` tus alm`nt`s c tmpcs f` alm`nt`) y f`gmnmr un puv ûnmac y llbhbtmvc. Bv`rmiubr f` mnañinmtc scor` lb achp`t`namb. Tr`iuntbrt` añhc r`sclv`rèb r`sclv`rèb blium`n hâs lbs smtubamcn`s qu` vmv`s, c quí pbsbrèb sm trbtbs f` v`r lbs acsbs f`sf` ctrc âniulc, c añhc pu`f`s r`plbnt`br lcs prcol`hbs qu` `ngr`ntbs.

 Qm t` qu`fbs `sp`rbnfc qu` ll`iu` `l hch`ntc mf`bl pbrb lbnzbrt` bl biub, `s prcobol` qu` `st` nunab ll`iu` achc t` lc mhbimnbs, bsè qu` f`gmn` unbs acnfmamcn`s oâsmabs y brrbnab lc hâs prcntc pcsmol`.   F`sbrrcllbr tu pcrtbgclmc f` s`rvmamcs acn acstcs y tcfcs lcs kuiu`t`s pu`f` s`r  `str`sbnt`, p`rc nc `s `l gmn f`l hunfc. F` j`ajc, pu`f` s`r `l achm`nzc... Bauírfbt`, `sc sè, f` nc p`rf`r f` vmstb lbs n`a`smfbf`s y `l p`rgml f` tu alm`nt`, f`stbabr lc qu` t` jba` fmg`r`nt` y s`iumr lcs ctrcs cajc acns`kcs pbrb i`n`rbr mnt`rís y ar`fmomlmfbf.  Achc fma`n lbs hbhâs, lb prmh`rb mhpr`smñn `s lb qu` au`ntb, bsè qu` `xbhmnb huy  om`n quí mhbi`n qum`r`s prcy`atbr gr`nt` b tus tus alm`nt`s.  Bunqu` abfb v`z qu` obk` `l glukc f` trbobkc sm`ntbs qu` jbs ll`ibfc bl gmnbl, nc t` f`s`sp`r`s y bpr`nf` b hbn`kbr lbs csamlbamcn`s prcpmbs f` lb vmfb f`l gr``lbna`.   Aubnfc `r`s gr``lbna`, tu hbycr j`rrbhm`ntb f` trbobkc, y lb hâs mhpcrtbnt`, `s achpr`nf`r quí n`a`smtb, qum`r` y `sp`rb `l alm`nt`. Tcr `sc `s `s`nambl bpr`nf`r b jba`r  un ou`n orm`g  y  y sbo`r utmlmzbrlc pbrb `struaturbr tu trbobkc y i`stmcnbr lcs `nabrics f` tus alm`nt`s.  ³@r`s un acnv`namfc f` lbs r`f`s scambl`s3 @ntcna`s bpr`nf` b usbrlbs pbrb o`n`gmamc f` tu trbobkc y ar`b pbrrmllbs pbrb crf`nbr tus puolmabamcn`s y qu` t` trbmibn huajcs alm`nt`s.   ], gmnblh`nt`, pbrb `vblubr tu trbobkc, nc clvmf`s utmlmzbr lb “Hbtrmz f` lc mnh`fmbtbh`nt` n`a`sbrmc‘, acn `l gmn f` mf`ntmgmabr quí `l`h`ntcs f` tu prcy`atc pu`f`s h`kcrbr pbrb v`r un r`sultbfc hâs mnh`fmbtc.

04

 

ABTÈVPLC 1

F@L ÂOBAC BL @ZA@L; GMNBN[BQ ] AÑHC _@NFM_ACQVCQ, LB TBTMVB Auântc vbl` y pcr quí tbn abrc; añhc acst`br tu trbobkc, yb s`b un s`rvmamc c un prcfuatc Qcor` `st` t`hb s` jb `sarmtc huajc y `nacntrbrâs f`sf` `lbocrbfcs hcf`lcs f` acst`c `n lmorcs f` bfhmnmstrbamñn, jbstb hítcfcs s`namllcs y bhmibol`s, ` mnalusc brajmvcs f` @xa`l qu`, bl ll`nbrlcs, t` fmrân auântc vbl` tu s`rvmamc c prcfuatc. Covmbh`nt` yc nc h` mob b qu`fbr btrâs y tbhomín jma` unc qu` pcfrâs `nacntrbr smium`nfc `st` añfmic;

Tlbnmllb f` acst`c `n @xa`l Vcfcs `stcs hcf`lcs t` p`rhmtmrân achpr`nf`r lc oâsmac pbrb s`r scst`nmol` y i`n`rbr utmlmfbf`s, p`rc lc prmh`rc `s `nt`nf`r qu`, smn mhpcrtbr auâl s`b tu n`icamc, sm`hpr` f`o`s acst`brlc achc sm lc gu`rb b r`blmzbr blium`n hâs y suhbrl` unb utmlmfbf. @s f`amr, sm tu n`icamc `s v`nf`r abhmsbs, nc pu`f`s p`nsbr qu` tu sblbrmc s`râ lb abntmfbf f` fmn`rc qu` prcfuzab lb v`ntb f` abhmsbs, nc. Mnf`p`nfm`nt`h`nt` f`l s`atcr  `n `l qu` t` hu`vbs, prmh`rc f`o`s bsminbrt` un sblbrmc (t`n `n au`ntb qu` `st` achpr`nfb tus bpcrt`s f` sbluf, p`nsmñcn y B_L, bf`hâs f` lb r`t`namñn `n lb gu`nt`) y lu`ic f`kbr un hbri`n f` utmlmfbf pbrb `l n`icamc achc tbl. @l prcpñsmtc f` `stc `s  p`rhmtmr qu`, aubnfc `l n`icamc ar`zab, `stís `n abpbamfbf f` acntrbtbr p`rscnbs qu` r`blma`n lb hmshb gunamñn qu` jbstb `ntcna`s jboèbs j`ajc tû y qu` `stb nu`vb acntrbtbamñn nc blt`r` lb `struaturb f` acstcs f` tu n`icamc, nm t` f`k` smn utmlmfbf. Lc s`iunfc qu` n`a`smtbs `nt`nf`r `s qu` lb `struaturb f` acstcs f`o` obsbrs` `n tu r`aursc gmnmtc, `s f`amr, `s` r`aursc qu` s` t` babob y nc pu`f`s hultmplmabr c achprbr  hâimabh`nt`, c bqu`l r`aursc qu` v`nf`s f` gcrhb lmhmtbfb y nc pu`f`s r`prcfuamr. Tcr  lc i`n`rbl, `st` r`aursc gmnmtc `s `l prcfuatc qu` v`nf`s c, `n `l absc f` lcs s`rvmamcs, `s `l tm`hpc.

02

 

Wclvbhcs b nu`strc `k`hplc; tu n`icamc `s v`nf`r abhmsbs `n un blhbaín y sbo`s qu` `l prch`fmc f` v`ntbs h`nsubl `s f` 644 abhmsbs y qu` prcfuamr c achprbr abfb unb f` `sbs abhmsbs t` au`stb $ ?4 444. @ntcna`s tm`n`s albrc qu` tm`n`s qu` fmvmfmr tcfcs tus acstcs; blquml`r f`l lcabl, auctb f`l arífmtc pbrb achprbr hu`ol`s, s`rvmamcs pûolmacs, tu sblbrmc, `ta., `ntr` `sbs 644 abhmsbs qu` prcy`atbs v`nf`r h`nsublh`nt`, hâs lcs $ ?4 444 qu` t` au`stb prcfuamr abfb abhmsb. Qm, pcr `k`hplc, tus acstcs tctbl`s (mnaluy`nfc tu sblbrmc v`nf`fcr prcvmsmcnbl) scnfbf`achc $ 6”444 444, `ntcna`s qu` fmvmfmr `scs $ 6”444achc 444 `ntr` 644 abhmsbs, lc qu` r`sultbfc $ 24 444tm`n`s f` mnar`h`ntc b abfb abhmsb, lcs aubl`s jby qu` suhbr b lcs $ ?4 444 f`l acstc mnmambl f` lb abhmsb. @stc fb un tctbl f` $ 14 444 pcr abhmsb pbrb qu` s`bs scst`nmol`. Bfmamcnblh`nt` tm`n`s qu` suhbrl` un pcac hâs (`l hbri`n f` utmlmfbf), pcr `k`hplc uncs $ 0444, pbrb qu` tu n`icamc s`b r`ntbol` achc `hpr`sb. @stc suhb `n tctbl $ 10 444, f` lcs aubl`s $ ?4 444 scn `l acstc f` prcfuaamñn f` lb abhmsb, $24 444 scn lcs acstcs gmkcs f` lb v`ntb (blhbaín, v`nf`fcr, `ta.) y $ 0444 scn `l hbri`n f` abfb abhmsb. Qm, `n abhomc, `r`s psmañlcic y tu s`rvmamc acnsmst` `n jba`r acnsultbs y t`rbpmbs, lc ûnmac qu` nc pu`f`s hultmplmabr `s `l tm`hpc. F` `sb hbn`rb, sm tu mnt`namñn `s ibnbrt` $ 0”444 444 bl h`s, f`o`s tchbr `sb abntmfbf, suhbrl` lcs acstcs f` cp`rbamñn (supcnibhcs qu` ibstbs $ ?”444 444 bl h`s `ntr` `l tmntmac qu` l` cgr`a`s bl  pbam`nt`, lcs pbòu`lcs pbrbuncs `l llbntc, `l brrm`nfc f`l acnsultcrmc, lcs s`rvmamcs pûolmacs, `ta.) y fmvmfmrlcs `ntr` `l nûh`rc f` acnsultbs qu` su`l`s jba`r pcr h`s. Qupcnibhcs qu` btm`nf`s unbs 244 acnsultbs bl h`s; lcs $ 0”444 444 f` sblbrmc hâs lcs $ ?”444 444 f` acstcs gmkcs fbn $ 9”444 444 qu`, fmvmfmfcs `ntr` 244 acnsultbs, brrckb un vblcr f` $ 94 444 pcr acnsultb. B `stb abntmfbf f`o`s bir`ibrl` unb utmlmfbf (pu`f` s`r, pcr  `k`hplc, $ 14 444) y bsè ll`ibrâs b lb acnalusmñn f` qu` `l vblcr f` tu acnsultb `s f` $ 244 444, f` lcs aubl`s $ 04 444 scn tu sblbrmc, c `l f`l psmañlcic qu` t` r``hplba` aubnfc `l n`icamc ar`zab5 $ ?4 444 s`rân f` acstcs gmkcs y $ 14 444, f` utmlmfbf. Gâaml, ³nc3 Qm `r`s fms`òbfcr y lc qu` v`nf`s scn fms`òcs, pm`zbs puolmamtbrmbs c smhmlbr`s, tu r`aursc gmnmtcbls`râ, `l tm`hpc. Tcrvbs lc btbntc, f`o`s tcfc acn obs`Covmbh`nt`, `n `l tm`hpc,sm  pu`s gmn yf`blnu`vc, aboc `sc `s lc qu` mnv`rtmr pbrbacst`br r`blmzbr `l trbobkc. bf`hâs n`a`smtbs mnaurrmr `n acstcs `xtrbs pbrb lb `k`auamñn f` tu trbobkc, f`o`s bir`ibr  `scs acstcs b tu tbrmgb c, f` lc acntrbrmc, tus mnir`scs s` v`rân prcpcramcnblh`nt` r`fuamfcs. V`n `n au`ntb, `n tcfc absc, qu` sm chmt`s bliunc f` `stcs ruorcs, kbhâs lcirbrâs tu h`tb.

0?

 

Wbl` lb p`nb balbrbr qu`, s`iûn lb abt`icrèb f`l prcfuatc, `l hbri`n f` utmlmfbf vbrèb acnsmf`rbol`h`nt`. Aubntc hâs hbsmvc s`b un prcfuatc, hâs bpr`tbfc s`râ `l hbri`n f` utmlmfbf. Tcr lc tbntc, hâs n`a`sbrmc s`râ t`n`r un puv huy `sp`ambl y fmg`r`nt`, pbrb qu` lcs alm`nt`s `stín fmspu`stcs b pbibr un pcac hâs pcr íl. Bfmamcnblh`nt` tbhomín `s

01

 

r`ach`nfbol` qu`, bl t`rhmnbr `st` aâlaulc, achpbr`s tu prcfuatc y su pr`amc acn lcs f` lb achp`t`namb, acn `l gmn f` v`r sm `s pcsmol` mnar`h`ntbr un pcac hâs `l pr`amc smn s`r  `l hâs acstcsc, c `n absc acntrbrmc, v`r sm tm`n`s qu` bpr`tbr tu hbri`n f` utmlmfbf pbrb s`r hâs achp`tmtmvc. Acn `l gmn f` balbrbr un pcac hâs tcfb `stb mngcrhbamñn, bquè t` f`kc un pbr f` `k`hplcs;

@k`hplc 2; Albs`s f` ycib

Qm `r`s prcg`scr pbrtmaulbr f` ycib y tu h`tb `s ibnbrt` $ 0”444 444 bl h`s, `ntcna`s fmvmf` `sb abntmfbf `ntr` ??, qu` `s `l nûh`rc f` fèbs lbocrbol`s qu` ncrhblh`nt` tm`n` un h`s. @stc fb un tctbl f` $??: 444 pcr fèb, lcs aubl`s f`o`s fmvmfmr `ntr` lbs cajc jcrbs qu` tm`n` un fèb. Bsè sbo`s qu` `l vblcr f` tu jcrb f` trbobkc `s $ ?: 644. Bjcrb, sm blium`n t` llbhb b p`fmrt` unb albs` f` unb jcrb, p`rc sbo`s qu` vbs b f`hcrbrt` ctrb jcrb `n f`splbzbhm`ntcs, y qu` `scs trbslbfcs t` vbl`n $24 444, `ntcna`s f`o`s suhbr  lbs fcs jcrbs f` trbobkc y lcs $ 24 444 f`l trbnspcrt`, y f`o`s acorbr `sb albs` `n $ 77 :44 achc hènmhc, pbrb qu` s`b scst`nmol`. Vcfc `stc nc sminmgmab qu` nc pu`fbs cgr`a`rl` bl alm`nt` unb r`obkb, p`rc jbs f` t`n`r `n au`ntb qu`, sm r`blmzbs un f`sau`ntc, b gmnbl f` h`s nc t` qu`fbrâ lb suhb qu` mnmamblh`nt` qu`rèbs, b h`ncs f` qu` lcir`s cptmhmzbr lcs tm`hpcs c r`fuamr lcs acstcs f` trbnspcrt`. Bfmamcnblh`nt` f`o`rèbs mnar`h`ntbr un p`qu`òc pcra`ntbk` f` utmlmfbf, pcr  `k`hplc un ?4 pcr am`ntc, pbrb un tctbl f` $ :4 274. Bsè, sm t` sbl`n fcs albs`s `n `l hmshc jcrbrmc, pu`f`s `nvmbr b blium`n hâs b auormr unb f` lbs albs`s, pbibrl` su trbnspcrt` y sblbrmc f` gcrhb fminb, y bun bsè t` qu`fbrâ unb utmlmfbf. @stc ibrbntmzbrâ qu` pu`f`s `sablbr y ar`a`r tu n`icamc tbntc achc qum`rbs.

06

 

00

 

Tcr ûltmhc, `stbs au`ntbs `stân ablaulbfbs scor` lb supcsmamñn f` qu` trbobkbs tcfbs lbs jcrbs f`l fèb, tcfcs lcs fèbs f`l h`s. T`rc sm sbo`s qu` `n prch`fmc tm`n`s un ?4 pcr  am`ntc f` tm`hpc hu`rtc, f`o`rèbs jba`r lbs au`ntbs scor` lb abntmfbf f` tm`hpc r`bl trbobkbfc.

@k`hplc ?; `n Lâhpbrbs Qm lc tuyc, abhomc, `s v`nf`r lâhpbrbs qu` fms`òbs p`rc qu` gbormabn ctrcs  prcv``fcr`s, `ntcna`s pu`f`s jba`rlc bsè; bsè; Qm pbrb gbormabr unb lâhpbrb n`a`smtbs achprbr; • un abol` f` $ ?444 • un ochomllc f` $ 20 444 • un plbgñn f` $ 6444 • unb pbntbllb f` h`tbl f` $ 0444 • uncs tcrnmllcs f` $ 744 ] lu`ic tm`n`s qu` trbnspcrtbr tcfc `sc b fcnf` `l s`òcr qu` t` lcs pmntb f`l aclcr gmnbl y; • • • •

`s` trbnspcrt` trbnspcrt` vbl` $ 744 pcr abfb lâhpbrb (pu`f` vbl`r un tctbl f` $ 74 444, p`rc t` ll`vbn 244 lâhpbrbs `n abfb vmbk` y pcr lc tbntc fmvmf`s `l acstc `ntr` lbs lâhpbrbs) f`spuís `l pmntcr pmntcr t` acorb acorb $ 6444 pcr abfb lâhpbrb lâhpbrb qu` pmnt` y `nsbhol` bf`hâs f`o`s f`o`s achprbrl` achprbrl` `l `stuaj` y lb `tmqu`tb, `tmqu`tb, qu` t` t` vbl`n $ 6044, abfb unb unb pcr ûltmhc ûltmhc ff`o`s `o`s pbibr `l trbnspcrt` trbnspcrt` jbstb jbstb tu absb, pcr vblcr f` f` ctrcs $ 744, `ntcna`s lb lâhpbrb t` au`stb lb suhb f` tcfc `stc, `s f`amr; $ 17 144.

Ckc, `stc `s lc qu` t` au`stb prcfuamr lb lâhpbrb, p`rc bûn nc jbs ibnbfc nbfb. Lc mf`bl `s suhbrl` `l sblbrmc f`l v`nf`fcr, fmvmfmfc `ntr` `l nûh`rc f` lâhpbrbs v`nfmfbs bl h`s, y hultmplmabr `s` vblcr gmnbl pcr 2,: (`s f`amr, un hbri`n f` utmlmfbf f`l :4 pcr  am`ntc). Bsè, tu vblcr f` v`ntb (bnt`s f` mhpu`stcs) s`râ f` $ 70 164. T`rc fcs bfv`rt`nambs; prmh`rc, t`n `n au`ntb qu` sm`hpr` f`o`s sblmr y v`r lb achp`t`namb, pbrb pcf`r t`n`r un r`g`r`nt` hâs a`rt`rc f` tu prcfuatc. ] s`iunfc, `stc nc sminmgmab qu` nc pu`fbs jba`r f`sau`ntcs y prchcamcn`s, p`rc f`o`s r`acrfbr qu` tu  pr`amc hènmhc f` v`ntb s`râ f` $ 17 144. Qm lc v`nf`s pcr f`obkc f` `sc, `stbrâs  p`rfm`nfc fmn`rc. Tcr ûltmhc, b aublqum`r abntmfbf qu` acor`s f`o`s suhbrl` lcs acstcs acrr`spcnfm`nt`s b mhpu`stcs y colmibamcn`s acn `l @stbfc. @stcs mhpu`stcs vbrèbn f` bau`rfc acn `l luibr `n `l qu` t` trbobk`s, lb l`imslbamñn vmi`nt` (qu` abhomb acn gr`au`namb) y tu batmvmfbf `acnñhmab. Abfb hunmampmc i`n`rb uncs bau`rfcs `n lcs qu` f`t`rhmnb, pcr `k`hplc, sm `n `s` hunmampmc lcs pr`stbfcr`s f` s`rvmamcs f`o`n acorbr  mhpu`stc f` mnfustrmb y ach`ramc c MAB (absc vâlmfc `n Ocictâ, bl hch`ntc f` `sarmomr 

07

 

`st` lmorc), c lcs tcp`s qu` f`gmn`n `l ríimh`n trmoutbrmc bl qu` p`rt`n`a` un ach`ramblmzbfcr f` prcfuatcs qu` acorb mab. Vcfb `stb mngcrhbamñn pu`f`s `nacntrbrlb `n mnt`rn`t, p`rc lc hâs r`ach`nfbol` `s qu` t` bs`scr`s sm`hpr` acn un acntbfcr f` acngmbnzb, qu` t` crm`nt` scor` añhc jba`r `l prca`sc y quí f`o`s t`n`r `n au`ntb. Acn `stb gcrhb smhpl` y râpmfb f` acst`br aublqum`r prcfuatc c s`rvmamc, sborâs qu` sm`hpr` vbs b `stbr auom`rtc y s`iurc, y pcfrâs ar`a`r y `sablbr tu n`icamc tbntc achc qum`rbs. lb r`spu`stb prñxmhb v`z qu` un alm`nt` t` pr`iunt` pcr quí blic “au`stb lc qu` au`stb‘, Bf`hâs, t`nfrâs unb albrb y vâlmfb.

@l qu` hu`strb `l jbhor` nc ach`; añhc acorbr acn `l`ibnamb Acntrbrmc b lc qu` unc s` mhbimnb, acorbr su`l` s`r hâs fmgèaml qu` trbobkbr. Nc sclc  pcrqu` nbfm` ncs `ns`òb b jba`rlc (b fmg`r`namb f`l trbobkc), smnc pcrqu` `n nu`strb aulturb `xmst` lb mf`b f` qu` acorbr `s mnañhcfc pbrb `l alm`nt` y qu` `s “hblb `fuabamñn‘ c blic smhmlbr. Tcr `stb rbzñn, pbrb bliuncs gr``lbna` `s bniustmbnt` `l hch`ntc `n `l aubl, bl t`rhmnbr `l trbobkc, f`o`n f`amrl` bl alm`nt` qu` `s hch`ntc f`  pbibr pcr `l prcfuatc `ntr`ibfc c s`rvmamc s`rvmamc pr`stbfc. Pnb r`ilb f` crc baâ `s qu` “`l qu` hu`strb `l jbhor` nc ach`‘. @s f`amr, kbhâs  pcf`hcs prcy`atbr lb mhbi`n f` qu` “n`a`smtbhcs‘ `l fmn`rc (bunqu` s`b am`rtc qu` lbs brabs `stín vbaèbs), pu`s `sc ncs jba` p`rf`r ar`fmomlmfbf gr`nt` bl alm`nt` y r`p`raut` `n h`ncs trbobkc y unb r`lbamñn `n lb qu` `l alm`nt` tm`n` f`hbsmbfc pcf`r. Tcr `sc sm`hpr` f`o`hcs achunmabr `l pbic achc unb acntrbpr`stbamñn bp`nbs nbturbl, qu` `l alm`nt` `stâ `sp`rbnfc jba`r y qu` ncsctrcs `sp`rbhcs acn prcntmtuf rbamcnbl, pu`s bunqu` nc t`n`hcs bgân, sè t`n`hcs qu` prcirbhbrlc `n nu`strb acntbomlmfbf y, pcr `nf`, n`a`smtbhcs sbo`r lb g`ajb `stmhbfb f`l hmshc (sm `s qu` nc s` bacrfñ f` bnt`hbnc). Hm r`ach`nfbamñn, bpbrt` f` t`n`r huy albrc qu` `s bp`nbs kustc r`amomr un pbic pcr  nu`strc trbobkc, `s nunab pr`iuntbr nm p`fmr p`rhmsc. Qmhpl`h`nt` f`o`s fbr pcr s`ntbfc qu` `l alm`nt` f`s`b prca`f`r bl pbic y pcr `sc f`o`s mnfmabrl` auâl s`rèb lb gcrhb hâs bf`aubfb. Pnb hbn`rb f` bocnbr `l t`rr`nc f`l acorc `s jba`r bnt`s unb or`v` vblmfbamñn f` sbtmsgbaamñn fmam`nfc blic achc; “³@ntcna`s yb acn `stc sm`nt`s qu` qu`fbhcs ce`y, c qu`fb p`nfm`nt` f` blic hâs3‘. Bsè, aubnfc r`amobs lb acngmrhbamñn pcr pbrt` f`l alm`nt` f` qu` tcfc `stâ `n crf`n, pu`f`s r`spcnf`r; “@n `s` absc, ³qum`r`s t` pbs` lb au`ntb f` acorc mhpr`sb, c t` qu`fb hâs gâaml qu` t` lb `nvè` pcr acrr`c `l`atrñnmac3 ] sm h` au`ntbs pbrb auânfc qu`fb prcirbhbfc `l pbic, yc pu`fc `stbr p`nfm`nt`‘. @stb gñrhulb t` p`rhmt` s`r bhbol` y, bl hmshc tm`hpc albrc `n qu` yb `s jcrb f` prca`f`r bl  pbic. Tcr ctrb pbrt`, b tcfcs lcs gr``lbna` ncs ll`ib `l hch`ntc `n qu` t`n`hcs “abrt`rb‘. @n `s`namb, `stc sminmgmab qu` t`n`hcs alm`nt`s qu` ncs `stân f`om`nfc y qu` s` f`hcrbn `n pbibr, b p`sbr f` qu` yb f`o`rèbn jbo`rlc j`ajc s`iûn lc pbatbfc. @stc s` pu`f` f`o`r b qu` `l alm`nt` nc tm`n` glukc f` abkb y n`a`smtb uncs fèbs pbrb pcf`r pbibrncs, c b qu` `l alm`nt` `s f`saumfbfc y clvmfbfmzc acn sus au`ntbs pcr pbibr. @n bhocs abscs,

09

 

nu`strc f`o`r `s r`acrfbrl` r`sp`tucsbh`nt` qu` f`o` jcnrbr lc pbatbfc y f`o` pbibrncs acn lb hbycr prcntmtuf pcsmol`. F`sbgcrtunbfbh`nt`, su`l` sua`f`r qu` ncs s`ntmhcs mntmhmfbfcs b lb jcrb f` acorbr, pcrqu` ncs fb p`nb c s`ntmhcs qu` `stbhcs sm`nfc pcac  prcg`smcnbl`s bl p`fmr qu` ncs pbiu`n. T`rc lb r`blmfbf `s qu` `l alm`nt` `l qu` `stâ sm`nfc pcac r`sp`tucsc bl mnauhplmr acn lc bacrfbfc y ncsctrcs `stbhcs `n tcfc `l f`r`ajc f` f`aèrs`lc. Jbynchuajbs acorbr, p`rc lc mf`bl pbrb ncguturcs bg`atbracntrbtcs‖ lb r`lbamñn `s acn`ngcabrncs `l alm`nt`  ‖pbrb jba`rlcgcrhbs s`ntmr f` mnañhcfc nm pcn`r `n rm`sic `n “acorbr smn acorbr‘. H` `xplmac; sm`hpr` qu` jbol`hcs acn `l alm`nt` acn lb mnt`namñn f` acorbrl`, f`o`hcs r`acrfbrl` lb f`ufb qu` tm`n` acn ncsctrcs smn f`amr qu` `stbhcs n`a`smtbnfc `l fmn`rc, c qu` lc `stbhcs llbhbnfc acn `l prcpñsmtc f` acorbrl`. Bliunbs gcrhbs f` jba`rlc qu` h` jbn r`sultbfc ûtml`s scn f`amr, pcr `k`hplc; “Baboc f` v`r qu` h` acnsminbrcn un fmn`rc `n `l obnac y qu`rèb v`rmgmabr acntmic sm `rb lb au`ntb qu` t`nèbhcs p`nfm`nt` c `s un pbic f` ctrc alm`nt`‘. Vbhomín pcf`hcs f`amr; “Hbòbnb `n lb tbrf` vcy b `stbr a`rab f` tu cgmamnb y qu`rèb sbo`r sm t` qu`fb gâaml qu` pbs` b r`aci`r  `l fmn`rc p`nfm`nt`, bprcv`ajbnfc qu` `stcy pcr bjè‘. @n aublqum`r absc, lc mhpcrtbnt` `s jbolbrl` acn r`sp`tc y jba`rl` v`r qu` `stâs p`nfm`nt` f`l pbic, qu` nc `stâs f`s`sp`rbfc, tm`n`s acntrcl au`ntbs. `s nc hcstrbr `l jbhor`, p`rc tbhpcac F` nu`vc,p`rc bauírfbt` qu` baâf`lctus mhpcrtbnt` f`o`s t`n`r hm`fc b acorbr.

@xa`l hâs bllâ f` jba`r jcrbrmcs; añhc ll`vbr unb acntbomlmfb acntbomlmfbf f gâaml y `n `l a`lulbr Ar`c qu` tcfb hm i`n`rbamñn acncamñ @xa`l achc lb j`rrbhm`ntb fmimtbl pbrb jba`r  jcrbrmcs f` acl`imc y unmv`rsmfbf, y bqu`llcs qu` `stufmbrcn abrr`rbs bgmn`s b lcs nûh`rcs s`iurc s` s`ntmrân huy añhcfcs usânfclc pbrb fmv`rscs prcpñsmtcs. Tcr `sc `n `st` abpètulc sclc qum`rc `ns`òbrl`s b bprcv`ajbrlc achc bsmst`nt` acntbol` gâaml y râpmfc, pbrb ll`vbr lbs gmnbnzbs prcg`smcnbl`s y p`rscnbl`s. Tbrb hè, lbs j`rrbhm`ntbs f` Iccil` pbrb hbn`kbr hm mngcrhbamñn `n lb nuo` jbn smfc lbs hâs ûtml`s. Jby ctrbs `n `l h`rabfc p`rc `stb `s prâatmab y irbtumtb. ]c utmlmzc  pbrb acrr`c `l`atrñnmac Ihbml, `l s`rvmamc f` Iccil`, qu` h` fb pcr bòbfmfurb `spbamc f` fmsac vmrtubl acncamfc achc Iccil` Frmv`. @n `st` s`rvmamc s` `nau`ntrb Qj``ts, qu` `s `l @xa`l alâsmac p`rc `n lb v`rsmñn f` Iccil`. @n `st` pu`f`s ar`br jckbs f` aâlaulc  pbrb ll`vbr tus au`ntbs y hbnt`n`rlbs prct`imfbs acntrb aublqum`r rcoc c pírfmfb f`l achputbfcr p`rscnbl. Bf`hâs, t` p`rhmt` t`n`r baa`sc `n aublqum`r hch`ntc f`sf` `l a`lulbr, om`n s`b pbrb r`vmsbrlbs, batublmzbrlbs c hcfmgmabrlbs. Pnb v`z t`nibs Qj``ts, ar`b unb jckb qu` t`nfrâ fcs s`aamcn`s; “T`nfm`nt`s pcr   pbibr‘ y “Tbibfcs‘. @n lb prmh`rb s`aamñn, ar`b lbs smium`nt`s smium`nt`s acluhnbs; •

Gbaturb; bjè f`o`s r`imstrbr `l nûh`rc f` gbaturb c au`ntb au`ntb f` acorc qu` qu` l` `nvmbst` b

0:

 

• • • •

tu alm`nt` (tcfbs lbs gbaturbs y au`ntbs f` acorc f`o`n mr nuh`rbfbs5 hâs bf`lbnt` v`râs pcr quí). Alm`nt`; `sarmo` b quí alm`nt` s` l` jmzc `s` acorc. Acna`ptc; quí trbobkc s` ll`vñ b aboc y `n quí g`ajb s` r`blmzñ. Abntmfbf; lb abntmfbf acorbfb. G`ajb f` `nvèc; lb g`ajb `n qu` s` `nvmñ `nvmñ lb lb gbaturb c au`ntb au`ntb f` acorc.

@n lb acluhnb f` Tbibfcs t`nfrâs oâsmabh`nt` lbs hmshbs acluhnbs, hâs unb tmtulbfb “G`ajb f` pbic‘, fcnf` f`o`s mntrcfuamr lb g`ajb `n lb qu` `l alm`nt` pbiñ `sb gbaturb. Qm tm`n`s vbrmcs alm`nt`s, t`rhmnbrâs acn blic hâs c h`ncs bsè; Hbn`kbr `sbs fcs s`aamcn`s pcr s`pbrbfc, y acn `scs abhpcs, t` p`rhmtmrâ sbo`r râpmfbh`nt` auântc tm`n`s `n abrt`rb, auântc jbs ibnbfc, qumín`s t` `stân f`om`nfc, auântc t` `stân f`om`nfc, pcr  quí acna`ptc, sm yb `nvmbst` lb gbaturb, sm jby blium`n btrbsbfc acn `l pbic y, `n absc f` qu` yb t` jbybn pbibfc, auânfc lc jmam`rcn. Mf`blh`nt` tbhomín f`o`rèbs ll`vbr un aubfrc smhmlbr pbrb tus ibstcs p`rscnbl`s, `l aubl t` p`rhmtmrâ f`t`atbr `n quí usbs `l fmn`rc, auâl`s scn lcs h`s`s `n qu` tm`n`s hâs `ir`scs y, `n absc f` qu` acntrbt`s aclbocrbfcr`s, auântc `stâs mnvmrtm`nfc `n `llcs. Bl gmnbl t`nfrâs blic hâs c h`ncs bsè (`stb `s lb obs` qu` yc hbn`kc);

Nc scy un pulpc. ³Añhc acntrbtc hâs i`nt`3 Qm `r`s cribnmzbfc, y bf`hâs t` bachpbòb lb su`rt` (lc qu` tbhpcac `s tbn rbrc), bliûn fèb ll`ibrâ `l g`lmz hch`ntc `n qu` tus alm`nt`s y tu rmthc lbocrbl jbybn ar`amfc tbntc qu` s`b n`a`sbrmc acntrbtbr b ctrbs p`rscnbs pbrb qu` t` byuf`n. @n `s` hch`ntc `s mhpcrtbnt` qu` s`pbs añhc acntrbtbr b `scs aclbocrbfcr`s, añhc cgr`a`rl`s acnfmamcn`s ustbs, añhc jba`rl`s s`iumhm`ntc pbrb ibrbntmzbr lb ablmfbf f` su trbobkc y, pcr  supu`stc, `s `s`nambl qu` `ntm`nfbs quí bsp`atcs l`ibl`s y trmoutbrmcs tm`n`s qu` hbn`kbr   pbrb pcf`r acntrbtbrlcs f` gcrhb `g`atmvb y l`ibl. l`ibl. Wbhcs pcr pbrt`s. Bl hch`ntc f` acntrbtbr b blium`n, `s `s`nambl sbo`r `xbatbh`nt` quí l` vbs b p`fmr qu` jbib (`stc mnaluy` tm`hpcs f` mnmamc y `ntr`ib, añhc s` h`fmrâ lb ablmfbf, gcrhb f` `ntr`ib, r`sultbfc `sp`rbfc, `ta.). Qm gbltb albrmfbf `n bliunc f` `stcs bsp`atcs, s`râ mhpcsmol` jba`r unb actmzbamñn r`bl f`l trbobkc y acrr`râs `l rm`sic f` qu` hâs bf`lbnt` surkbn fmg`r`nambs y hblcs `nt`nfmfcs, qu` t`rhmnbrân pcr fbòbr lb `xp`rm`namb pbrb bhocs y pcfrân cabsmcnbr scor`acstcs c r`sultbfcs f` obkb ablmfbf c mnachpl`tcs. F` miubl hbn`rb, f`o`s t`n`r pr`s`nt` auântc tm`n`s pr`supu`stbfc pbibrl`, pu`s f` lc acntrbrmc s`râ mhpcsmol` a`rrbr unb n`icambamñn. Mf`blh`nt` `st` pr`supu`stc f`o` `stbr obsbfc `n tu `xp`rm`namb f` auântc tm`hpc y quí mnsuhcs s` r`qum`r`n pbrb r`blmzbr  `l trbobkc, acn `l gmn f` ibrbntmzbr qu` `stâs pbibnfc lc kustc. @n cabsmcn`s pu`f`s p`rhmtmr qu` s`b lb ctrb p`rscnb lb qu` prcpcnib `l pr`amc, acn lb `sp`rbznb f` qu` tbl v`z t` pmfb un pcac h`ncs f` lc qu` t`nèbs p`nsbfc. @n aublqum`r 

0=

 

absc, f`o`s t`n`r lmstc un rbnic c tcp` hâxmhc f` lc qu` t` pbr`a` kustc pbibr pcr `s` trbobkc, f` lc acntrbrmc, lb n`icambamñn s`râ tcrp` y pcac gruatèg`rb.

F`spuís f` bacrfbr tcfcs lcs tírhmncs f` lb n`icambamñn (mf`blh`nt` pcr `sarmtc, `n un acrr`c `l`atrñnmac c blic smhmlbr), pu`f`s prca`f`r bl pbic, pbrb `l aubl f`o`s sclmamtbrl` b tu aclbocrbfcr lcs smium`nt`s fcauh`ntcs, acn `l gmn f` jba`r un pbic cribnmzbfc y l`ibl; •

  `st` fcauh`ntc lb mf`ntmgmabamñn f`l _PV c _`imstrc Ûnmac Vrmoutbrmc; acntrmouy`nt` y acntm`n` tcfb lb mngcrhbamñn oâsmab `spbrb acorbr c pbibr. Oâsmabh`nt`, nchor`,  NMV  (Nûh`rc f` Mf`ntmgmabamñn Vrmoutbrmb), batmvmfbf `acnñhmab ` mngcrhbamñn f` acntbatc. Hâs bf`lbnt` lc r`vmsbr`hcs acn hbycr  f`tbll`. BO_ML ACNA@TVC B__@MNFC CGMAMNB Q@_WMAMCQ BLB_HB

WBLC_ $2.?44.444 $144.444 $94.444

G@AJB @I_@QC 2/46/?44? 2/46/?422 2/46/?44=

Q@IP_MFBF QCAMBL MNV@_N@V

$2.044.444 $:4.=44

2/46/?442 2/46/?44?

74

 

•

A@LPLB_ BTB_VBH@NVC IBQCLMNB _@QVBP_BNV@Q _CTB

$66.444 $=04.444 $?46.444 $144.444 $?44.444

2/46/?441 2/46/?440 2/46/?449

ACLBOC_BFC_@Q _@VCABFC_ BQMQV@NV@   @ZV_BQ QCBV

WBLC_ $044.444 $?04.444

G@AJB @I_@QC 2/46/?42: 2/46/?426

WBLC_ $004.444

G@AJB @I_@QC 2/46/?447

Fcauh`ntc f` acorc, gbaturb c au`ntb f` acorc; sm tu prcv``fcr `s unb p`rscnb nbturbl nc r`spcnsbol` f` MWB  (lc qu` bnt`rmcrh`nt` s` llbhbob “ríimh`n smhplmgmabfc‘),`ntcna`s f`o` pbsbrt` unb au`ntb f` acorc. Qm `s r`spcnsbol` f` MWB (bnt`rmcrh`nt` llbhbfc «ríimh`n achûnµ), c sm `s unb p`rscnb kurèfmab (pcr `k`hplc, unb `hpr`sb), f`o` pbsbrt` unb gbaturb. Hâs bf`lbnt` v`r`hcs bhocs fcauh`ntcs `n hbycr f`tbll`.

•

Achprcobnt` f` pbic f` s`iurmfbf scambl;  sm tu prcv``fcr `s unb p`rscnb nbturbl y t` `stâ acorbnfc unb suhb sup`rmcr c miubl b un shhlv (Qblbrmc hènmhc h`nsubl l`ibl vmi`nt`) ‖qu` pbrb `l bòc ?42= gu` f` $ :?: 227, p`rc ckc, `l sblbrmc hènmhc abhomb abfb bòc, bsè qu` f`o`s `stbr sm`hpr` batublmzbfc‖, `ntcna`s f`o`s p`fmrl` qu` t` pr`s`nt` `l achprcobnt` f` pbic f` su s`iurmfbf scambl achc mnf`p`nfm`nt` (plbnmllb tmpc M).

Pnb r`ach`nfbamñn mhpcrtbnt`, sm `sb p`rscnb `stâ bl hmshc tm`hpc `hpl`bfb, fmibhcs `n unb `hpr`sb, y t`pbrb pr`s`ntb plbnmllb`stâ qu`pr`stânfct` l` pbib su `hpl`bfcr, pu`f`s vbl`rl` `s` fcauh`ntc, pcrqu` tm `sblbp`rscnb un s`rvmamc nc achc mnf`p`nfm`nt`, f`omfc b qu` nc tm`n` acntrbtc lbocrbl acntmic, y pcr tbntc f`o` pbibr lb s`iurmfbf scambl qu` l` acrr`spcnf` pcr `s` acntrbtc. Bfmamcnblh`nt`, f`o`s vblmfbr qu` `l h`s actmzbfc s`b `l hmshc f`l s`rvmamc pr`stbfc y qu` lb abntmfbf pbibfb acrr`spcnfb bl pcra`ntbk` `stbol`amfc f` lb au`ntb c gbaturb qu` t` `stâ pbsbnfc. Qm nc tm`n`s albrc añhc ablaulbr  `s` pcra`ntbk`, t` r`achm`nfc qu` smibs l`y`nfc jbstb ll`ibr bl abpètulc “Lb FMBN y ctrcs hcnstrucs mhbimnbrmcs‘, fcnf` bpr`nf`râs b ablaulbr tcfbs `stbs acsbs tbntc pbrb tm achc  pbrb tus aclbocrbfcr`s. Bjcrb om`n, bl hch`ntc f` r`amomr lb au`ntb f` acorc, f`o`s vblmfbr qu` t`nib lcs smium`nt`s fbtcs; nûh`rc f` au`ntb f` acorc, g`ajb f` r`blmzbamñn f` lb au`ntb f` acorc,  NMV

 NMV

nchor` f` qum`n mhpu`stcs acorb,   f` acrr`spcnfbn, qum`n acorb, tuacna`ptc nchor`,pcrtu `l qu` , abntmfbf nûh`rcs y l`trbs, qu` s` acorb acorbfb (s`rvmamc`nc  prcfuatc qu` achprbst`), gcrhb f` pbic y gmrhb.

72

 

Tcr ctrc lbfc, aubnfc s` trbt` f` gbaturbs, f`o`s v`rmgmabr qu` lb gbaturb `stí nuh`rbfb, qu` t`nib g`ajb, `l nchor` f` lb p`rscnb c `hpr`sb b lb qu` s` `stâ jbam`nfc `l acorc, `l  NMV f` `sb p`rscnb c `hpr`sb, lb r`scluamñn f` gbaturbamñn, lb rbzñn scambl c `l nchor` f` lb achpbòèb qu` acorb, `l  NMV  f` lb hmshb, `l acna`ptc qu` s` acorb (s`rvmamc pr`stbfc c om`n v`nfmfc), `l vblcr f`l acorc, lcs mhpu`stcs acrr`spcnfm`nt`s, achc `l MAB c `l MWB, y lcs fbtcs f` acntbatc. @n absc f` qu` lb gbaturb s`b `xp`fmfb pcr  unb p`rscnb nbturbl r`spcnsbol` f` MWB, lb sclmamtuf f`l achprcobnt` f` pbic f` lb s`iurmfbf scambl smiu` bplmabnfc, bl miubl qu` acn lb au`ntb f` acorc.

] gmnblh`nt`,³añhc sí sm h` pu`fc mr f` gmnf` b Abrtbi`nb3 Mr f` gmn f` s`hbnb b Abrtbi`nb `s unb irbn gcrhb f` a`l`orbr qu` `stâs vmvc y qu` t` `stâ y`nfc om`n, p`rc jba`rlc f` gcrhb mhpulsmvb pu`f` s`r un irbv` `rrcr. Trmh`rc `s r`ach`nfbol` qu` v`rmgmqu`s sm sè tm`n`s lb `stbomlmfbf y lcs mnir`scs sugmam`nt`s pbrb jba`rlc. Ncrhblh`nt` s` acnsmf`rb qu` un prcy`atc `s scst`nmol` y “`stbol`‘ aubnfc ll`vb bl h`ncs fcs bòcs f` cp`rbamñn `n puntc f` `qumlmormc, c `n ar`amhm`ntc, pcr `sc t`  prcpcnic qu` bnt`s f` ach`nzbr b fbrt` lb vmfb f` lukcs qu` t` h`r`a`s, `sp`r`s bl h`ncs unc c fcs bòcs pbrb ibrbntmzbr qu` `g`atmvbh`nt` tu prcsp`rmfbf nc `s sclc unb  ou`nb rbajb, smnc qu` `n r`blmfbf `stâs ar`am`nfc f` gcrhb scst`nmfb y `r`s abpbz f` scor`pcn`rt` b lbs fmg`r`nt`s ípcabs f`l bòc y lcs amalcs ach`rambl`s y `acnñhmacs qu` `stbs acnll`vbn. Aubnfc `stís s`iurc f` qu` tm`n`s lb `stbomlmfbf n`a`sbrmb pbrb fbrt` `s` “iustmac‘, f`o`s v`rmgmabr qu`, bpbrt` f` `stbomlmfbf, tm`n`s `l fmn`rc n`a`sbrmc. ] aubnfc jbolc f` “t`n`r `l fmn`rc n`a`sbrmc‘ nc h` r`gm`rc b t`n`rlc `n `l obnac, smnc b t`n`r lb a`rt`zb f` qu` usbr `s` fmn`rc pbrb mrt` b Abrtbi`nb nc r`pr`s`ntbrâ nmniûn `sgu`rzc `xtrbcrfmnbrmc, nm sminmgmabrâ qu` qu`fbs b rbs pbrb tu glukc f` abkb. Tcr lc tbntc, bs`iûrbt` f` jbo`r   pbibfc yb tcfbs lbs f`ufbs acn lcs prcv``fcr`s y f` qu`, f`spuís f` fbrt` `l “iustmac‘, vbs b qu`fbr acn sugmam`nt` glukc f` abkb pbrb auormr tus ibstcs oâsmacs gmkcs pcr bl h`ncs s`ms h`s`s. Qm bliunb f` `stb fcs acnfmamcn`s nc s` auhpl`, t` r`achm`nfc `sp`rbr un  pcac hâs y bjcrrbr bnt`s f` t`n`r ibstcs nu`vcs.

AJ@AELMQV TB_B _@AC_FB_ ] H@FM_ BWBNA@Q   Aubnfc `r`s gr``lbna`, nc sclc tm`n`s qu` sbo`r trbobkbr, tbhomín f`o`s bpr`nf`r b ablaulbr auântc vbl` tu trbobkc y pcr quí vbl` `sc. Qmn mhpcrtbr auâl s`b tu n`icamc, sm`hpr` f`o`s acst`br `l prcfuatc c s`rvmamc qu` cgr`a`s achc sm lc gu`rb b r`blmzbr  blium`n hâs y suhbrl` unb utmlmfbf.  Lb `struaturb f` acstcs f` tu prcfuatc c s`rvmamc f`o` obsbrs` `n tu r`aursc gmnmtc, `s f`amr, `s` r`aursc qu` s` t` babob y nc pu`f`s hultmplmabr.

7?

 

 Aubnfc t`rhmn`s f` ablaulbr lcs acstcs f`l prcfuatc c s`rvmamc qu` cgr`a`s, nc clvmf`s achpbrbr tu pr`amc acn `l f` lb achp`t`namb, pbrb bkustbr tu hbri`n f` utmlmfbf y pcf`r  s`r hâs achp`tmtmvc. ], pcr ûltmhc, ³yb sbo`s quí mhpu`stcs u colmibamcn`s f`o`s mnalumr  `n tus acstcs3   _`amomr unb acntrbpr`stbamñn pcr nu`strc trbobkc `s bp`nbs nbturbl, y pcr `sc `s mhpcrtbnt` bpr`nf`r b acorbr, bunqu` b huajcs l`s pbr`zab mnañhcfc.  @nsbyb fmstmntbs gñrhulbs pbrb acorbr acn `l`ibnamb y, scor` tcfc, nunab hu`str`s lb uri`namb.   ] bjcrb qu` yb sbo`s acorbr, ³añhc vbs acn lb cribnmzbamñn f` tus gmnbnzbs  prcg`smcnbl`s y p`rscnbl`s3   Qm `stâs p`nsbnfc acntrbtbr b blium`n qu` t` byuf`, ³yb sbo`s quí lc vbs b pcn`r b jba`r, auântc l` vbs b pbibr y quí fcauh`ntcs l`ibl`s f`o`s p`fmrl` pbrb acntrbtbrlc acn tcfbs lbs f` lb l`y3  Vcfcs sbo`hcs qu` jbstb `s tchbr p`rc pm`nsb qu` tbl v`z Abrtbi`nb  pu`f` `sp`rbr un pbrlcf`rmac h`s`s, qu` vbabamcn`s, t`nibs hâs `stbomlmfbf. t`nibs

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ABTÈVPLC 6

ALM@NV@Q ] CV_BQ A_MBVP_BQ HMVCLÑIMABQ Bunqu` nc lc pbr`zabn, tbhomín scn juhbncs Bnt`s qu` nbfb qum`rc llbhbr lb bt`namñn jbamb unb pbrbfckb f`l hunfc hcf`rnc. Qm`hpr` h` jb pbr`amfc aurmcsc qu`, pcr bliûn hctmvc, ncs bacstuhorbhcs aulturblh`nt` b t`n`r unb r`lbamñn bntbiñnmab acn lcs alm`nt`s, achc sm gu`rb jcrrmol` t`n`r alm`nt`s y lmfmbr acn `llcs. ] bunqu` `s unb batmtuf acntrbprcfua`nt` y tñxmab, qu` bg`atb nu`strb ablmfbf f` vmfb y lb jbolbr r`lbamñn nu`strbsachc gu`nt`s f` mnir`sc (¡nbfb hâs y nbfb h`ncs!), ncs pbr`a` f` acn lcs alm`nt`s sm gu`rbn un hbl n`a`sbrmc, “accl‘ y ncs `nabntb qu`kbrncs f` qu` nc sbo`n lc qu` qum`r`n, qu` nc s` f`kbn bs`scrbr, qu` qum`r`n tcfc pbrb yb, qu` nc pbibn lc kustc, `ntr` tbntbs amraunstbnambs qu` pu`f`n caurrmr. @stb batmtuf ‖qu` bpr`nfmhcs f` lbs i`n`rbamcn`s bnt`rmcr`s y pbsbhcs mnacnsam`nt`h`nt` b lbs v`nmf`rbs‖ ncs jba` s`ntmr mhpcrtbnt`s, vèatmhbs, hârtmr`s y i`nmcs mnachpr`nfmfcs (¡quí ncv`fbf, un gr``lbna` `iñlbtrb!), p`rc p`rp`tûb un amalc tctblh`nt` bntmajív`r` qu` t` mnvmtc b f`kbr btrâs. ³Babsc nc ncs fbhcs au`ntb f` qu` tcfcs schcs alm`nt`s f` blium`n y qu`r`hcs tcfc pbrb yb3 ³Ru` tcfcs qu`r`hcs bjcrrbr  tbntc achc s`b pcsmol`, s`ntmhcs qu` sbo`hcs h`kcr qu` nbfm` lc qu` n`a`smtbhcs y ncs iustb qu` s` jbibn acsbs b`st` nu`strb Bjcrb qu` `stâslbs l`y`nfc lmorc,hbn`rb3 ar`c qu` `s ou`n hch`ntc pbrb jba`r un qum`or` y abhombr f` batmtuf h`ntbl. F`o`hcs achpr`nf`r qu` tcfcs schcs juhbncs y qu`, achc juhbncs, n`a`smtbhcs om`n`s y s`rvmamcs qu` nc sm`hpr` pcf`hcs sbtmsgba`r pcr  nu`strcs prcpmcs h`fmcs. Tcr tbntc, vmvmhcs `n un unmv`rsc `n `l qu` smhultân`bh`nt` schcs alm`nt`s y prcv``fcr`s y pcr `sc, `n luibr f` s`iumr fânfcncs tctbzcs acntrb `l hunfc y vmvmr grustrbfcs pcrqu` ar``hcs qu` nbfm` ncs bpr`amb, lc qu` f`o`hcs jba`r `s blmn`brncs acn lb r`blmfbf y bpr`nf`r b ousabr lbs cpcrtunmfbf`s y lcs alm`nt`s qu` nc sclc n`a`smt`n lc qu` jba`hcs, y pbrb lcs aubl`s s`bn acnv`nm`nt`s lbs acnfmamcn`s `n qu` lc jba`hcs, smnc bqu`llcs alm`nt`s acn lcs qu` jbibhcs alma.

@xplcrbnfc lbs llbnurbs; añhc ousabr alm`nt`s Bsè achc abfb gr``lbna` `s unb mslb, abfb alm`nt` `s un hunfc y nc jby unb sclb hbn`rb

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f` ousabr alm`nt`s pcrqu` abfb unc tm`n` fmstmntbs hbn`rbs f` s`r jbllbfc. Aubnfc `stbhcs ousabnfc alm`nt`s, lc qu` hâs r`achm`nfc `s ach`nzbr pcr mf`ntmgmabr lbs abrbat`rèstmabs qu` jba`n qu` unb p`rscnb, `hpr`sb u cribnmzbamñn s`b nu`strc alm`nt`  pct`nambl. @stbs abrbat`rèstmabs trbzbn un p`rgml qu` pcf`hcs usbr pbrb `hp`zbr b `xplcrbr lbs cpcrtunmfbf`s. @stc `s lc qu` llbhbhcs llbhbh cs “prcsp`aamñn‘. Tbrb jba`r unb prcsp`aamñn, f`o`hcs jba`rncs aubtrc pr`iuntbs;

2. ³Ruí o`n`gmamc tm`n` lc qu` cgr`zac3 ?. ³Ruí abrbat`rèstmabs tm`n`n lbs p`rscnbs u cribnmzbamcn cribnmzbamcn`s `s qu` n`a`smtbn c f`s`bn `s` tmpc f` o`n`gmamc3 1. ³Ruí tmpc f` `hpr`sbs u cribnmzbamcn cribnmzbamcn`s `s tm`n`n `sbs abrbat`rèstmabs3 6. ³Fñnf` `stân c s` vmsmomlmzbn `stbs p`rscnbs c `hpr`sbs3 Qm jba`hcs un `k`hplc acn hm trbobkc achc gctñirbgc, lb prcsp`aamñn s`rèb oâsmabh`nt` bsè;

2. ³Ruí o`n`gmamc tm`n` lc qu` cgr`zac3 Cgr`zac lb pcsmomlmfbf f` abpturbr, p`rp`tubr y hcstrbr c `xjmomr blic, smn qu` `s` blic t`nib qu` `stbr gèsmabh`nt` bllè.

?. ³Ruí abrbat`rèstmabs tm`n`n lbs p`rscnbs u cribnmzbamcn cribnmzbamcn`s `s qu` n`a`smtbn c f`s`bn `s` tmpc f` o`n`gmamc3 Lc n`a`smtbn tcfbsc lbs p`rscnbs u cribnmzbamcn`s v`nf`n acsbs acstcsbs y qu` nc  pu`f`n `xjmomrlbs sbabrlbs f` un luibr. Vbhomínqu` tcfbs lbs p`rscnbs u cribnmzbamcn`s qu` v`nf`n pcr abtâlcic c pcr mnt`rn`t, qu` `nvèbn hbt`rmbl ach`rambl bl `xt`rmcr pbrb bormr fmstrmoumfcr`s f` `xpcrtbamñn, c qu` n`a`smtbn hcstrbr `vmf`nambs f` bliûn `v`ntc c r`imstrc f` bliûn sua`sc.

1. ³Ruí tmpc f` `hpr`sbs u cribnmzbamcn cribnmzbamcn`s `s tm`n`n `sbs abrbat`rèstmabs3 Lc qu` cgr`zac s` r`qum`r` `n kcy`rèbs5 ibl`rèbs f` brt`5 `hpr`sbs f` rcpb, hbqumllbk`,  o`ll`zb y sbluf5 tm`nfbs cnlmn` f` rcpb, brtèaulcs pbrb `l jcibr c aublqum`r ctrc prcfuatc5 `hpr`sbs f` `xpcrtbamñn f` prcfuatcs achc abgí, rcpb mnt`rmcr, zbpbtcs5 `hpr`sbs ar`bfcrbs f` `v`ntcs achc f` acnam`rtcs5 `hpr`sbs f`fmabfbs bl fms`òc f` ocfbs (w`ffmni plbnn`rs)5 bi`nambs f` puolmamfbf5 a`ntrcs f` acnv`namcn`s, bscambamcn`s y acng`r`nambs.

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6. ³Fñnf` `stân c s` vmsmomlmzbn `stbs p`rscnbs c `hpr`sbs3 Jby fmg`r`nt`s gcrhbs f` rbstr`br abfb unb f` lbs `hpr`sbs h`namcnbfbs. Tcr `k`hplc; `n `l absc f` unb kcy`rèb, obstb acn mr b a`ntrcs ach`rambl`s5 `n `l absc f` lbs tm`nfbs cnlmn`, obstb acn ousabr `n Iccil` tírhmncs achc; “rcpb mnt`rmcr tm`nfb cnlmn`‘ c “k`bns achprb cnlmn`‘5 `n `l absc f` `hpr`sbs f` abtâlcic, pu`fc pr`iuntbrl`s b bhmics y gbhmlmbr`s qu` achpr`n y v`nfbn pcr abtâlcic5 `n `l absc f` `hpr`sbs f` `xpcrtbamñn,  pu`fc mr b g`rmbs, bir`hmbamcn`s c p`fmr obs`s f` fbtcs `n lb aâhbrb f` ach`ramc f` tu amufbf, y bsè sua`smvbh`nt`. c jby unb “gcrhb ûnmab‘ f` ousabr alm`nt`s. Vcfbs s` vbl`n y tcfbs smrv`n. Lc mhpcrtbnt` `s f`gmnmr un p`rgml, pu`s `s b pbrtmr f` bjè qu` pcfrâs `hp`zbr b acnt`stbr lbs  pr`iuntbs r`lbamcnbfbs acn fñnf` `stâ, añhc s` achunmab, acn qumín s` achunmab, fñnf` jba` puolmamfbf, fñnf` v`nf`, `ta. Abfb unb f` `stbs pr`iuntbs t` ll`vbrâ b gcrhbs f` acntbatbr b p`rscnbs c `hpr`sbs qu` `stâs s`iurc f` qu` pu`f`n t`n`r mnt`rís `n lc qu` cgr`a`s, y bl gmnbl v`râs añhc t`rhmnbs acn unb lmstb `ncrh` f` alm`nt`s pct`nambl`s.

Trmhbv`rb, v`rbnc, ctcòc; ctcòc; `tbpbs f` lb r`lbamñn acn lcs alm`nt`s Bjcrb qu` yb sbo`s jba`r unb prcsp`aamñn, t` prcpcnic `xbhmnbr lb r`lbamñn acn lcs alm`nt`s `n sus tr`s hch`ntcs oâsmacs; mnmamc, scst`nmhm`ntc/gmf`lmzbamñn y am`rr`, acn `l gmn f` qu` pu`fbs sup`rbr abfb `tbpb acn íxmtc y bpr`nf`r b hbn`kbr lbs smtubamcn`s hâs r`tbfcrbs qu` s` pu`f`n pr`s`ntbr `n abfb unb.

Mnmamc Furbnt` `l mnmamc f` lb r`lbamñn acn `l alm`nt`, `l cok`tmvc `s achpr`nf`r huy om`n `l hcfus cp`rbnfm  f` `s` alm`nt` ‖sus rmthcs, n`a`smfbf`s, gcrhb f` achunmabrs`,  prmcrmfbf`s y pr`g`r`nambs‖ pbrb bpr`nf`r b hbn`kbrlc “acn pmnzbs‘, achc fma`n lbs hbhâs. @st` `s `l hch`ntc `n qu` hâs “sustcs‘ s` pu`f`n pr`s`ntbr, f`omfc b qu` nc ncs acnca`rncs hutubh`nt` y pcr `sc tbhomín `s un hch`ntc `n `l qu` nunab scorb un  pcac f` achunmabamñn bfmamcnbl pbrb ibrbntmzbr qu` tcfc hbrajb ce`y y `stbhcs smnarcnmzbfcs `n aubntc b `xp`atbtmvbs, prch`sbs, `ntr`ibol`s, `ta. @n bvmbamñn s` utmlmzb unb prâatmab acncamfb achc “aclbamcnbr‘, qu` acnsmst` `s`namblh`nt` `n v`rmgmabr tcfbs lbs pbrt`s f` un h`nsbk` pbrb f`sp`kbr lb pcsmomlmfbf f` aublqum`r hbl`nt`nfmfc. Qm lb tcrr` f` acntrcl fma`; “Wu`lc 971 lmstc pbrb bt`rrmzbr b lbs 7;14 p.h. `n pmstb nûh`rc 6‘, `l vu`lc nc pu`f` acnt`stbr smhpl`h`nt` “Qè‘, pu`stc qu` nc `stâ albrc b quí pbrt` f` tcfc `sc r`spcnfmñ “Qè‘. @l vu`lc f`o` r`spcnf`r, `ntcna`s; “Qè, `l Wu`lc 971 `stâ lmstc pbrb bt`rrmzbr b lbs 7;14 p.h. `n pmstb nûh`rc 6‘. @stb  prâatmab h` pbr`a` mnar`èol`h`nt` mnt`lmi`nt` y smhpl` y pu`f` sblvbrt` f` hâs f` un hbl`nt`nfmfc acn tus alm`nt`s. Acsbs tbn smhpl`s achc f`amr, pcr `k`hplc, “Ncs r`unmhcs `l hmíracl`s‘ s` vu`lv`n

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susa`ptmol`s f` hblb mnt`rpr`tbamñn pu`s pu`f` s`r pbsbfc hbòbnb (qu` `s hmíracl`s) c `l f` lb ctrb s`hbnb. Ctrb tèpmab `s aubnfc f`amhcs; “³H` acngmrhbs lb r`unmñn3‘ y lb r`spu`stb `s “Qè‘. Qè ³quí3 ³Qè h` lb acngmrhbs bp`nbs pu`fbs c qu`fb acngmrhbfb f`sf` yb3 Tcr `sc r`achm`nfc s`r supr`hbh`nt` albrc y huy acnar`tc, `n `sp`ambl aubnfc cgr`a`hcs un s`rvmamc, pu`s huajbs pblborbs s` pu`f`n pr`stbr b fcol`s mnt`rpr`tbamcn`s. Qm un alm`nt` t` fma`, pcr `k`hplc, “T`rc `ntcna`s `sc mnaluy` qu` h` byuf`s acn lcs  p`nfcn`s yf`ls` `v`ntc‘, `stbr p`nsbnfc qu`qu` “byufbr‘ `s p`nsbr qu` l` qu` vbs “byufbr‘ b jba`r lcs  p`nfcn`s lcs vbs bpu`f` `ntr`ibr lmstcs, hm`ntrbs tû pu`f`s s` r`gm`r` b qu` lc bs`scr`s `n añhc jba`rlcs y fñnf` hbnfbrlcs jba`r. @st` smhpl` hbl`nt`nfmfc f` tírhmncs pu`f` prcfuamr un alm`nt` f`a`pamcnbfc c un prcv``fcr  mnfminbfc pcrqu` su alm`nt` `s “un `xplctbfcr y un acnajufc qu` qum`r` tcfc irbtms‘. Bsè pu`s, bl mnmamc `s `sp`amblh`nt` mhpcrtbnt` lb achunmabamñn; pr`iuntbr acn  pr`amsmñn pcr `l tmpc f` r`sultbfc `sp`rbfc, vblmfbr lb sbtmsgbaamñn b lc lbric f`l prca`sc y vclv`r b vblmfbrlb bl gmnbl f`l hmshc. Nbfb ncs ibrbntmzb qu` nc t`nibhcs mhpbs`s c scrpr`sbs, p`rc t` f`kc b acntmnubamñn tr`s tmps scor` smtubamcn`s f`sbgmbnt`s f` `stb `tbpb.

2. Ru` `lqu` alm`nt` t` fmib qu` `l prcv``fcr Z acsb y qu`, pcr tbntc, p`nsbob tû tbhomín lc mobs b jba`r;  bnt`rmcr bquè lc jbaèb mf`bl `s r`vmsbr nu`vbh`nt` lbs `xp`atbtmvbs f`l alm`nt`, vclv`r b f`sarmomr `l trbobkc qu` s` r`blmzbrâ y jba`r íngbsms `n bqu`llcs f`tbll`s c abrbat`rèstmabs qu` t` jba`n lb cg`rtb hâs btrbatmvb. Mf`blh`nt`, cgría`l` scluamcnbrl` `s` nu`vc r`qu`rmhm`ntc, yb s`b smn acstc c acn un acstc  pr`g`r`nambl t`nm`nfc `n au`ntb qu` nc `stbob mnmamblh`nt` actmzbfc, p`rc lc mhpcrtbnt` `s qu` `l alm`nt` v`b qu` t` mnt`r`sb `ntr`ibrl` un r`sultbfc b su `nt`rb sbtmsgbaamñn. ?. Ru` `l alm`nt` t` fmib qu` lc qu` l` `stâs `ntr`ibnfc nc s` bkustb b lc prch`tmfc; bquè `l plbn f` baamñn `s huy smhmlbr bl bnt`rmcr. Oâsmabh`nt` f`o`s s`ntbrt` acn tu alm`nt` y r`vmsbr sus `xp`atbtmvbs y tus r`sultbfcs. Qm `g`atmvbh`nt` `stâs gbllbnfc `n blic, `s r`ach`nfbol` qu` t` fmsaulp`s, l` `xplmqu`s `l hctmvc f`l gbllc y l` au`nt`s auâl `s `l plbn pbrb `vmtbr qu` `stc vu`lvb b sua`f`r. Qm, pcr `l acntrbrmc, `s `l alm`nt` qum`n `stâ `n un `rrcr, lc h`kcr `s r`vmsbr sm qum`r` qu` r`n`icam`n `l blabna` f`l trbobkc c  prcpcn`rl` bliunbs scluamcn`s scluamcn`s b su mnsbtmsgbaamñn. 1. Ru` lc qu` `l alm`nt` n`a`smtb/qum`r` nc `s `xbatbh`nt` lc qu` pmfmñ, bunqu` nc lc sbo`; `n `stb smtubamñn, lc mf`bl `s r`vmsbr lb vmbomlmfbf f` r`blmzbr lc qu` `l alm`nt` qum`r` c n`a`smtb, obkc lbs hmshbs acnfmamcn`s pbatbfbs (pr`amc, tm`hpc, ablmfbf, `ta). @n absc f` s`r vmbol` y acn `l gmn f` `vmtbrl` trbuhbs y r`prca`scs bl alm`nt`, pcfrèbs `k`autbr `l trbobkc y, bl t`rhmnbr y r`blmzbr lb `ntr`ib f`l hmshc, `xplmabrl` lb fmg`r`namb jbllbfb `ntr` lc sclmamtbfc y lc `k`autbfc ` mnvmtbrlc b t`n`r `sc `n au`ntb pbrb prñxmhbs cabsmcn`s. Qm nc `s vmbol`, t` bacns`kc r`vmsbr quí nu`vbs acnfmamcn`s f` n`icambamñn s`rèbn n`a`sbrmbs pbrb pcf`r fbrl` bl alm`nt` lc qu` pmf` y, unb v`z lc t`nibs albrc, s`ntbrt` acn `l alm`nt` pbrb `xplmabrl` lc qu` sua`f` y prcpcn`rl` un nu`vc plbn f` trbobkc qu` lc mnvmt` b fbrt` un “sè‘.

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Qcst`nmhm`ntc y gmf`lmzbamñn Gmf`lmzbr bl alm`nt` `s un prca`sc acn fcol` o`n`gmamc; `l prmh`rc y hâs `vmf`nt` `s qu` t` s`iumrâ ousabnfc y acntrbtbnfc, y `l s`iunfc `s qu` t` r`ach`nfbrâ acn nu`vcs alm`nt`s, bsè qu` gmf`lmzbr b tus alm`nt`s f`o`rèb s`r unb prmcrmfbf f` tus prca`scs lbocrbl`s. Oâsmabh`nt`, gmf`lmzbr b un alm`nt` `s hbnt`n`rlc sbtmsg`ajc y, f` v`z `n aubnfc, scrpr`nf`rlc blicqu` hâssclmamt`. bllâ f`Qmlclcirbs qu` `sp`rb, s`b mnmamc acn unb fânfcl` unb òbpb `n `lacn trbobkc t`n`r unybou`n acnprcpu`stb tu alm`nt` cy lc acnca`s om`n, lb gcrhb f` gmf`lmzbrlc s`râ `vmf`nt` pbrb tm. @n lc qu` r`sp`atb bl scst`nmhm`ntc f` un alm`nt`, `l truac `stâ `n acns`rvbr   p`rhbn`nt`h`nt` `l nmv`l f` ablmfbf y achprchmsc qu` hcstrbst` bl prmnampmc, hbnt`n`r  un ou`n nmv`l f` achunmabamñn y, ckblâ, bprcv`ajbr qu` lc acnca`s, (sus n`a`smfbf`s y `xp`atbtmvbs) pbrb bntmampbrt` b lc qu` pu`fb r`qu`rmr `n `l guturc. Blic tbn smhpl` achc llbhbr b pr`iuntbrl` sm f` prcntc tm`n` blic `n `l rbfbr qu` n`a`smtb qu` vbybs bf`lbntbnfc, c sm sbo`s qu` prcntc vb b n`a`smtbr f` tu trbobkc f`amrl` qu`, sm lc f`s`b,  pu`f`s mr bvbnzbnfc `n `l prca`sc, scn scn f`tbll`s qu` `nbhcrbn. W`bhcs bjcrb tr`s smtubamcn`s r`tbfcrbs qu` s` pu`f`n pr`s`ntbr bl hch`ntc f` scst`n`r y gmf`lmzbr un alm`nt`; 2. Aubnfc h`t`s lb pbtb acn un alm`nt`;  lc hâs mhpcrtbnt` bquè `s nc `sacnf`rs`, nc “f`kbr `n vmstc‘ y s`r `l qu` tm`n` lb mnmambtmvb f` fbr lb abrb. Nbfb fb hâs rbomb qu` blium`n qu` h`t` lb pbtb y nm smqum`rb bpbr`a` pbrb r`acnca`r su `rrcr y, scor` tcfc, ll`ibr acn prcpu`stbs f` scluamñn. Nbfm` `stâ lmor` f` `qumvcabrs` c sugrmr mhpr`vmstcs,  p`rc bl caultbrlc lc ûnmac qu` lcirbhcs `s qumtbrl` bl alm`nt` tm`hpc f` r`baamñn pbrb jba`r blic bl r`sp`atc. F` lb hmshb gcrhb, f`sbpbr`a`rt`, f`kbr f` acnt`stbr `l a`lulbr c `ajbrl` lb aulpb b blic hâs, nc ll`vb b nmniûn r`sultbfc prcv`ajcsc. Aubnfc ach`t`s un `rrcr, lc h`kcr qu` pu`f`s jba`r `s s`r `l prmh`rc `n achunmabr lc sua`fmfc, `xplmabr quí sua`fmñ y, batc s`iumfc, `nuh`rbr lbs rutbs b s`iumr pbrb hmtmibr lcs mnacnv`nm`nt`s.

?. Aubnfc sm`nt`s qu` un alm`nt` s` `stâ f`s`nabntbnfc; baâ lc mf`bl `s s`ntbrt` acn `l alm`nt`, pr`iuntbrl` añhc s` sm`nt` acn tu trbobkc y `vblubr sm qum`r` r`n`icambr, sm qum`r` bkustbr blic f` lb gcrhb `n qu` `stân trbobkbfc, c sm f`s`b qu` r`vms`n acnkuntbh`nt` sus n`a`smfbf`s v`rsus tus r`sultbfcs pbrb r`fms`òbr acn obs` `n `sc lb r`lbamñn lbocrbl. 1. Aubnfc `l alm`nt` h`t` lb pbtb acntmic; `n `st` tmpc f` smtubamcn`s (achc `n tcfbs, `n r`blmfbf), lc hâs mhpcrtbnt` `s hbnt`n`rt` b lb blturb, nunab p`rf`r lcs `strmocs nm s`r  ircs`rc, y huajc h`ncs f`kbr f` trbobkbr c jba`rlc f` hblb ibnb b hbn`rb f` v`nibnzb (sm acntmnûbs trbobkbnfc `s pcrqu` lc vbs b jba`r om`n). Qm un alm`nt` s` `qumvcab acntmic, s` f`hcrb `n pbibrt`, t` qu`fb hbl `n blic c ach`t` aublqum`r tmpc f` `rrcr, jbzl` sbo`r  lc mhpcrtbnt` qu` `s qu` `sc nc vu`lvb b sua`f`r ` mnalûy`lc `n tu hcfus cp`rbnfm, `s f`amr, auíntbl` añhc cp`rbs y añhc `s` `rrcr f` su pbrt` bg`atb lb gcrhb `n qu` trbobkbs y, pcr tbntc, lc bg`atb tbhomín b íl y b tus ctrcs alm`nt`s. Jbz qu` v`b, pcr `k`hplc, qu` sm

7:

 

s` f`hcrb `n pbibrt`, tû t`nfrèbs qu` `hp`zbr b ousabr ctrcs prcy`atcs pbrb sclv`ntbr  `s` ju`ac gmnbnam`rc y `sc jbrèb qu` tuvm`rbs h`ncs tm`hpc pbrb bt`nf`rlc bf`aubfbh`nt`.

Am`rr` Gmnblh`nt`, `n huajbs cabsmcn`s ll`ibrâ `l hch`ntc f` f`amr bfmñs, f` f`amr “nc `r`s tû, scy yc‘, c f` qu` ncs fmibn bfmñs b ncsctrcs. Tbrb a`rrbr lb r`lbamñn ach`rambl acn un alm`nt`, yb s`b f` achûn bau`rfc c pcrqu` unc f` lcs fcs lbfcs f` lb r`lbamñn nc `stâ acngcrh` acn lb hbn`rb `n s` `stân ll`vbnfc b aboc lbs acsbs, lb ûnmab r`ach`nfbamñn qu` pu`fc fbrt` `s qu` batû`s acn `l`ibnamb y acn blturb. Nunab jby qu` hcstrbr rbomb c `hcamcnblmfbf, nm bfcptbr batmtuf`s v`nibtmvbs, nm f`sbpbr`a`r c obkbr `l nmv`l f`  prcg`smcnblmshc. Achc fma`n lbs hbhâs, lb vmfb fb huajbs vu`ltbs, y sm`hpr` f`o`s t`n`r pr`s`nt` qu` tu r`putbamñn `s tu hâs batmvc hâs pr`ambfc. W`bhcs, bjcrb, tr`s smtubamcn`s f`sbgmbnt`s bl hch`ntc f` a`rrbr lb r`lbamñn acn un alm`nt`.

2. Ru` `l am`rr` s`b pcac brhcnmcsc; sm bl hch`ntc f` t`rhmnbr lb r`lbamñn ach`rambl, lbs acsbs s` sbl`n f` acntrcl y aublqum`rb f` lcs fcs pm`rf` lcs `strmocs, `s r`ach`nfbol` qu` trbt`s f` achunmabrt` pcst`rmcrh`nt` pbrb fmsaulpbrt`, balbrbr qu` `sc nc f`omñ jbo`r sua`fmfc, y pcn`r uncs tírhmncs kustcs y s`nsbtcs pbrb `l am`rr` f` lb r`lbamñn. ?. Ru` `l alm`nt` t` vu`lvb b ousabr f`spuís f` jbo`r a`rrbfc lb r`lbamñn ach`rambl; nu`vbh`nt`, bquè t` r`achm`nfc hbnt`n`r lb blturb sugmam`nt` pbrb nc f`amr “t` lc fmk`‘. @n luibr f` `sc, sm r`blh`nt` qum`r`s vclv`r b trbobkbr acn `s` alm`nt`, r`aèo`lc achc sm nbfb juom`rb pbsbfc, achm`nzb f` nu`vc `l prca`sc, cy` sus n`a`smfbf`s, pbsb unb  prcpu`stb y, oâsmabh`nt`, jbz ocrrñn y au`ntb nu`vb. 1. yb nc pu`fbs c qum`rbs acntmnubr alm`nt`, p`rc `s` alm`nt` ncRu` qum`rb f`kbrt` mr; jborâ cabsmcn`s `n lbstrbobkbnfc qu` tm`n`s acn qu` un f`kbr b un alm`nt` btrâs pbrb s`iumr ar`am`nfc, p`rc achc jbs ar`bfc unb r`lbamñn tbn pcsmtmvb acn `s` alm`nt`, pu`f` qu` íl nc t` qum`rb scltbr. @n `stb smtubamñn t` r`achm`ntc “ousabrt` un r``hplbzc‘, `s f`amr, `nacntrbr b blium`n qu` pu`fb jba`r un trbobkc huy smhmlbr bl qu` vm`n`s jbam`nfc, obkc acnfmamcn`s tbhomín huy pbr`amfbs y nc sclc r`ach`nfârs`lc bl alm`nt` smnc cgr`a`rl` un prca`sc f` `hpblh` qu` gbamlmt` unb trbnsmamñn lc h`ncs trbuhâtmab achc s`b pcsmol`.

W`nib qu` nc `s pb” `sc; añhc acntbatbr un alm`nt`, r`unmrncs acn íl, pr`s`ntbr un pcrtbgclmc y v`nf`r @l prmh`r acntbatc acn tu alm`nt` `s `l qu` t` bor` lb pu`rtb pbrb pcf`r i`n`rbr un

7=

 

“fmâlcic‘ b trbvís f`l aubl pcfrâs acnca`r h`kcr lc qu` `l alm`nt` n`a`smtb c ousab y, pcr  `nf`, cgr`a`rl` blic btrbatmvc qu` byuf` b a`rrbr lb v`ntb. _`au`rfb qu` bquè `l ûnmac mnt`r`sbfc `n v`nf`r `r`s tû, bsè qu` lb tbr`b sm`hpr` f`o` s`r tuyb; tû `r`s `l `nabribfc f` acntbatbr, jba`r s`iumhm`ntc, ousabr, bkustbr lbs prcpu`stbs y tcfc lc n`a`sbrmc pbrb a`rrbr `l n`icamc. ] bjcrb qu` yb tm`n`s `stc albrc, t` prcpcnic qu` v`bhcs lcs hch`ntcs `n qu` s` fmvmf` unbprca`sc f`v`ntbs v`ntb acn y, lu`ic, byufbrt` a`rrbr lbs íxmtc.lbs j`rrbhm`ntbs f` lbs aubl`s pu`f`s fmspcn`r pbrb

Hch`ntcs f` un prca`sc f` v`ntb @ngcqu`; `l “`ngcqu` f` v`ntbs‘ `s lb gcrhb achc plbn`bs lcirbr un prmh`r fmâlcic acn tus alm`nt`s. Qm tu n`icamc, pcr `k`hplc, `s unb abg`t`rèb, tu `ngcqu` pu`f` s`r pcn`r   puolmamfbf `n lèn`b acn lb nu`vb r`a`tb lmor` f` ablcrèbs, r`pbrtmr vclbnt`s `n `l s`atcr,  pcn`r un tbol`rc `n `l bnfín c acntrbtbr un pr`icn`rc qu` bnunam` un ?x2. Nmniunb f` `stbs baamcn`s `stâ crm`ntbfb b a`rrbr lb v`ntb (`n `sp`ambl pcrqu` nbfm` s` tchb un abgí b trbvís f` un smtmc w`o c un pr`icn`rc), smnc b lcirbr qu` lcs pcsmol`s alm`nt`s s` mnt`r`s`n y vbybn b tu n`icamc acn lb mnt`namñn f` acnsuhmr. Pnb v`z `stín bllâ, f`o`s lcirbr acnca`rlcs hâs y cgr`a`rl`s un prcfuatc mnalusc h`kcr `, mf`blh`nt`, hâs acstcsc. Tcr ctrb pbrt`, sm tu n`icamc `s bs`scrbr `hpr`sbs `n t`hbs f` hbrab, tu `ngcqu`  pu`f` s`r llbhbr b p`fmr unb amtb pbrb `sauajbr lbs n`a`smfbf`s f` tu alm`nt` pct`nambl y cgr`a`r unb bs`scrèb irbtms f` unb jcrb pbrb qu` acnczabn lb ablmfbf f` tu trbobkc. Vbhomín pu`f` s`r ar`br un hbnubl oâsmac cnlmn` f` añhc fmbincstmabr lb sbluf f` tu hbrab `n amnac pbscs y bòbfmr bl gmnbl tu mngc f` acntbatc pbrb qu` t` llbh`n `n absc f` qu` `l fmbinñstmac hu`str` qu` lb hbrab nc `stâ huy om`n f` sbluf. Nu`vbh`nt`, `st` hch`ntc nc `stâ f`stmnbfc b a`rrbr lb v`ntb smnc b lcirbr bormr lb pcsmomlmfbf f` t`n`r un fmâlcic acn `l alm`nt` pbrb `ntrbr b v`nf`rl`. @n `st` puntc `s f` vmtbl mhpcrtbnamb qu` lb prcpu`stb f` `ngcqu` s`b btrbatmvb pbrb `l alm`nt`. Qm pmf`s, pcr `k`hplc, unb amtb pbrb hcstrbrl` bl alm`nt` lc qu` jba`s, `st` `stbrâ h`ncs mnt`r`sbfc `n r`amomrt` qu` sm l` pmf`s unb amtb pbrb “r`iblbrl` un fmbinñstmac‘. @n lb s`iunfb smtubamñn `l alm`nt` sbl` o`n`gmambfc, hm`ntrbs qu` `n lb  prmh`rb `l alm`nt` s` sm`nt` jbamínfct` jbamínfct` un gbvcr. Bsè qu`, r`suhm`nfc, `l `ngcqu` s` fmvmf` `n;

•

Abnbl; b trbvís f` quí h`fmc l` qum`r`s achunmabr b tu alm`nt` lb cg`rtb; puolmamfbf cnlmn`, pr`icn`rc, tbol`rc, `ta. Cg`rtb; quí l` cgr`a`s pbrb qu` qum`rb mnmambr un fmâlcic acntmic; un ?x2 `n abgí, un

•

fmbinñstmac f` hbrab, `ta. Cok`tmvc; mnmambr un fmâlcic acn tu alm`nt` yb s`b pcrqu` t` `sarmob, pcrqu` vbyb b tu

•

94

 

tm`nfb, `ta.

Mnt`rbaamñn;  lb mnt`rbaamñn `s `l hch`ntc `n `l qu` `l alm`nt` s` mnt`r`sb pcr lc qu` cgr`amst` furbnt` `l `ngcqu` y tchb lb f`amsmñn f` mnmambr un fmâlcic acntmic pbrb acnca`r `n hbycr prcgunfmfbf tu cg`rtb. Furbnt` `st` fmâlcic tu cok`tmvc f`o` s`r  bpr`nf`r tcfc lc qu` pu`fbs f` sus n`a`smfbf`s y hctmvbamcn`s, acn `l gmn f` utmlmzbr  lu`ic `sb mngcrhbamñn pbrb cgr`a`rl` blic v`rfbf`rbh`nt` btrbatmvc y bkustbfc b sus `xp`atbtmvbs, lc aubl buh`ntbrâ lb prcobomlmfbf f` a`rrbr lb v`ntb. Qm vclv`hcs scor` lcs `k`hplcs bnt`rmcr`s, lb acsb s`rèb bsè; furbnt` lb mnt`rbaamñn `n lb abg`t`rèb, `l v`nf`fcr f`o` pr`iuntbrl` bl alm`nt` quí tmpc f` o`omfb l` iustb, sm f`s`b unb o`omfb lbrib, `n absc f` qu`r`r qu`fbrs` b trbobkbr, sm pr`gm`r` o`omfbs grèbs c ablm`nt`s, sm l` iustbrèb bachpbòbrlbs acn blic f` sbl c f` fula`, sm l` iustbrèb blic f` su lèn`b f` prcfuatcs lmijt, c sm f`s`b t`n`r lb albv` f`l wmgm, pcr `k`hplc. Acn tcfb `stb mngcrhbamñn, `l v`nf`fcr `stbrâ `n abpbamfbf f` cgr`a`r blic tbn btrbatmvc pbrb `l alm`nt`, qu` qumzâs nm smqum`rb t`rhmn` achprbnfc `l ?x2. @n `l absc f` lb bs`scrèb `n t`hbs f` hbrab, `l bs`scr f`o` mnfbibr quí tmpc f` hbrab qum`r` prcy`atbr `l alm`nt`, b quí tmpc f` pûolmac qum`r` mhpbatbr, `n quí s` fmg`r`namb f` sus quí prcol`hbs tm`n` batublh`nt`, quí unb hbrabs r`g`r`nt`s s` mhbimnb, `ta. achp`tmfcr`s, Acn `sb mngcrhbamñn, `s` bs`scr pcfrâ r`blmzbr cg`rtb tbn btrbatmvb qu`  prcobol`h`nt` lcir` a`rrbr `l n`icamc f` bs`scrèb. bs`scrèb. @n bhocs abscs, nc scorb r`acrfbr qu` lb prcpu`stb f`o` mr bachpbòbfb f` gcrhb, `s f`amr, nc sclc f`o`s jba`r unb ou`nb prcpu`stb `n tírhmncs f` acnt`nmfc, smnc qu` lb gcrhb f` jba`rlc `s miubl f` mhpcrtbnt`. Lb gcrhb mnaluy` f`sf` unb ou`nb pr`s`ntbamñn  p`rscnbl, hmrbr b lcs ckcs, bpr`tbr lb hbnc acn gmrh`zb, scnr`èr, ba`ptbr `l tmntc qu` t` cgr`zabn, nc pr`smcnbr y s`r acrtís, jbstb sbo`r jbolbr, p`rhmtmr qu` `l ctrc jbol` y `stbr  bom`rtc b r`amomr r`trcblmh`ntbamñn. Vcfcs `stcs scn btrmoutcs qu` suhbn pcsmtmvbh`nt` `n lb mnt`rbaamñn acn `l alm`nt` y scor` lcs aubl`s vclv`r`hcs hâs tbrf`, `n lb pbrt` f` j`rrbhm`ntbs. @n r`suh`n, `ntcna`s, lb mnt`rbaamñn s` fmvmf` `n; • •

•

Abnbl; fñnf` sua`f` `l fmâlcic acn tu alm`nt`; `n lb abg`t`rèb, `n su cgmamnb, `n un ajbt, `ta. Cok`tmvc;  mf`ntmgmabr quí n`a`smtb y f`s`b `l alm`nt` y cgr`a`rl` blic bacrf` y btrbatmvc, achc unb o`omfb lbrib pbrb trbobkbr, acn blic lmijt pbrb aumfbrs` y lb albv` f`l wmgm. C, `n `l ctrc absc, un pbqu`t` f` bs`scrèb f` hbrab acn íngbsms `n lcs fclcr`s f` abo`zb f`l alm`nt` y t`nm`nfc `n au`ntb `l pûolmac bl qu` qum`r` mhpbatbr. Cg`rtb; abgí lbric acn prcfuatc lmijt f` ach`r, c bs`scrèb `xpr`ss acn íngbsms `n lbs n`a`smfbf`s `sp`aègmabs f`l alm`nt`.

Q`iumhm`ntc (cpamcnbl); sm `l alm`nt` nc t` fb un sè mnh`fmbtc ‖yb s`b pcrqu` f`s`b v`r  lb abrtb acn ablhb c pcrqu` n`a`smtb `vblubr lb prcpu`stb acn su scamc‖ f`o`s  prcirbhbr un s`iumhm`ntc, `s f`amr, un r`-acntbatc acn `l alm`nt` pbrb acnca`r su

92

 

f`amsmñn y, sm `s `l absc, f`t`rhmnbr sm pu`f`s h`kcrbr c bkustbr blic f` lb cg`rtb pbrb lcirbr `l “Qè‘. Bquè `s huy mhpcrtbnt` qu` s`bs tû qum`n qu`f` acn `l achprchmsc f` r`blmzbr `l s`iumhm`ntc, pu`s sm `l alm`nt` fma`, pcr `k`hplc; “Wcy b `vblubr lb prcpu`stb y t` `stcy acntbnfc‘, pm`rf`s `l acntrcl f` lb r`lbamñn ach`rambl. @n `s` absc, t` bacns`kc r`spcnf`r blic achc; “T`rg`atc, miubl t` `stbrí llbhbnfc b prmnampmcs f` lb prñxmhb s`hbnb pbrb sbo`r quí jbs p`nsbfc y sm qum`r`s qu` bkust` blic f` lb prcpu`stb‘. Bsè qu`fb albrc qu` pcfrâs vclv`r acntbatbr qu`alm`nt` `stâs s`bom`rtc n`a`smfbf`s. @stc lc`vmtb, bf`hâs, `l brm`sic f` qu`y `l clvmf`b f`bkustbrt` llbhbrt`b ysus `l n`icamc nc s` am`rr` pcr un smhpl` clvmfc. @n r`suh`n, `ntcna`s, `l s`iumhm`ntc s` fmvmf` `n;

Abnbl;  fñnf` sua`f` `l fmâlcic f` s`iumhm`ntc. @n `l absc f` lb abg`t`rèb, pcr  `k`hplc, `l v`nf`fcr pu`f` ba`rabrs` f` nu`vc b lb h`sb f`l alm`nt` f`spuís f` fbrl` uncs hmnutcs pbrb `stufmbr lb abrtb acn ablhb, y `n `l f`l bs`scr, `l s`iumhm`ntc  pu`f` acnsmstmr `n unb llbhbfb. • Cok`tmvc; mf`ntmgmabr sm `l alm`nt` ba`ptñ lb cg`rtb c, `n absc acntrbrmc, mf`ntmgmabr quí •

bkustbr  pbrb cot`n`r su bprcobamñn. bprcobam ñn. `l s`iumhm`ntc pbrb ibrbntmzbr qu` lb •  pu`f`s _`spcnsbol`; `l r`spcnsbol` f` r`blmzbr r`lbamñn ach`rambl smiu` hbrajbnfc sm`hpr` f`o` s`r `l qu` `stâ jbam`nfc lb cg`rtb.

Acnar`amñn; f`spuís f` lcirbr lb bprcobamñn f`l alm`nt`, tm`n`s qu` pbsbr b acnar`tbr lb v`ntb, `s f`amr, `xpcn`r lbs acnfmamcn`s f` n`icambamñn y f`gmnmr `l hch`ntc f` mnmamc,  pbrb ibrbntmzbr qu` tbntc tû achc `l alm`nt` `stín smnarcnmzbfcs. @n `l absc f` lb abg`t`rèb, pcr `k`hplc, f`amrl` bl alm`nt`; “T`rg`atc, `ntcna`s yb pbsc su crf`n b lb acamnb y `n amnac hmnutcs l` trbmic `l p`fmfc‘ c, `n `l absc f` lb bs`scrèb; “Lmstc, `ntcna`s ach`nzbhcs acn fcs jcrbs f` bs`scrèb `l hbrt`s b lbs : b.h. y, bl t`rhmnbr `l prca`sc, l`s pbsc lb au`ntb f` acorc s`iûn lc trbobkbfc‘. Acntrbrmc b lc qu` ncs mhbimnbhcs, huajbs v`a`s `l alm`nt` yb `stâ lmstc pbrb achprbr y schcs ncsctrcs lcs qu` ncs f`hcrbhcs `n acnar`tbr lb v`ntb, pcr hm`fc b s`r huy boruptcs. Bsè qu` lb r`ach`nfbamñn `s s`r huy prcbatmvc `n `st` puntc. @n r`suh`n, `ntcna`s, lb acnar`amñn s` fmvmf` `n; • •

Cok`tmvc; acnar`tbr lb v`ntb y qu` pbrb bhobs pbrt`s qu`f` albrc añhc s` ll`vbrâ b aboc. Acnfmamcn`s f` n`icambamñn;  s` `nunambn lbs acnfmamcn`s f` n`icambamñn y s` f`gmn` `l puntc f` mnmamc.

Tcs-v`ntb; pcr ûltmhc `stâ lb pcs-v`ntb qu`, achc su nchor` lc mnfmab, `s tcfc lc qu` sua`f` f`spuís f` lb v`ntb y achpr`nf` f`sf` lb r`blmzbamñn f`l s`rvmamc c v`ntb f`l  prcfuatc, jbstb lb vblmfbamñn f` sbtmsgbaamñn pcr pbrt` f`l alm`nt`, pbrb sbo`r quí f`o`hcs h`kcrbr `n prñxmhbs cabsmcn`s.

9?

 

@s huy gâaml f`saumfbr `stb `tbpb, y hâs f` unb v`z ncs j`hcs qu`kbfc fmam`nfc qu`, f`spuís f` qu` unc achprb, lc f`kbn tmrbfc. Tcr `sc t` r`achm`nfc qu` lb pcs-v`ntb s`b unb f` tus prmcrmfbf`s, nc sclc pcrqu` un alm`nt` sbtmsg`ajc `s lb hbycr gu`nt` f` nu`vcs alm`nt`s, smnc pcrqu` `s lb gcrhb hâs `g`atmvb pbrb bpr`nf`r quí acsbs f`o`s h`kcrbr y bkustbr f` tu cg`rtb acn `l gmn f` s`r hâs achp`tmtmvc.

J`rrbhm`ntbs F`spuís f` t`n`r albrcs lcs hch`ntcs `n lcs qu` s` fmvmf` `l prca`sc f` v`ntb, pbs`hcs b v`r bliunbs f` lbs j`rrbhm`ntbs y prâatmabs qu` t` pu`f`n byufbr b ll`vbr f` gcrhb hâs `g`atmvb `st` prca`sc.

Bprcpmbamñn f`l prca`sc; achc vmhcs bl prmnampmc f` `st` abpètulc, `l oblñn sm`hpr` f`o` qu`fbr `n tu lbfc f` lb abnajb, `s f`amr, sm`hpr` f`o`s s`r tû `l qu` qu`f` acn lb tbr`b f` prchcv`r `l smium`nt` pbsc f` lb v`ntb, yb s`b f`vclv`r unb llbhbfb, pbsbr unb  prcpu`stb c vclv`r b acntbatbr bl alm`nt` pbrb vblmfbr sm jbn surimfc nu`vbs fufbs c mnqum`tuf`s. Bs`rtmvmfbf; achc acna`ptc (b v`a`s un pcac trmllbfc), lb bs`rtmvmfbf `s lb abpbamfbf f` achunmabrncs f` gcrhb acrr`atb, sm`nfc jcn`stcs y trbnspbr`nt`s, p`rc smn s`r f`hbsmbfc gu`rt`s. @n ctrbs pblborbs, lb bs`rtmvmfbf ousab `nacntrbr `l `qumlmormc `ntr` s`r pbsmvc y bir`smvc, `ntr` mhpcn`r y p`rhmtmr qu` `l ctrc prcpcnib. @n `l abhpc f` lbs v`ntbs, lb bs`rtmvmfbf `s lb qu` ncs p`rhmt` iumbr lb v`ntb f` tbl gcrhb qu` lcs prca`scs tch`n `l ruhoc qu` f`s`bhcs, smn s`r mhpcsmtmvcs acn `l alm`nt`. Tcr `k`hplc, bl sclmamtbr unb amtb acn un alm`nt` nunab pr`iunt`s “sm l` qu`fb gâaml r`unmrs` acntmic‘, pu`s bjè yb l` `stâs borm`nfc lb pcsmomlmfbf f` qu` t` fmib qu` pcr bjcrb nc l` qu`fb gâaml. @n luibr f` `sc  pu`f`s pr`iuntbr “sm l` qu`fb h hâs âs gâaml gâa ml r`unmrs` `l hmíracl`s `n lb tbrf` c, hâs om`n, `l vm`rn`s `n lb hbòbnb5 c sm pr`gm`r` qu` lc vclvbhcs b llbhbr b prmnampmcs f` lb ctrb s`hbnb‘. pr`iuntb nc fb cpamñn b un r`ajbzc smnc b un smium`nt` pbsc qu` `stâ f`ntrc@stb f` tuûltmhb acntrcl.

W`ntb aruzbfb;  lb v`ntb aruzbfb `s lb prâatmab f` bpblbnabr lb v`ntb f` un prcfuatc h`fmbnt` ctrc qu` `s achpl`h`ntbrmc. @stc s` usb `sp`amblh`nt` `n lb mnfustrmb f` lb hcfb, fcnf` sm `l alm`nt` s` bntckb f` unb olusb, `l v`nf`fcr l` hu`strb f` unb v`z lb ajbqu`tb qu` l` achomnb, `l pbntblñn qu` lb jba` hâs v`rsâtml, lcs zbpbtcs qu` l`  p`rhmt`n usbr lb olusb tbntc pbrb gmn f` s`hbnb achc pbrb cgmamnb, y `l oclsc qu` achpl`h`ntb lb pmntb b lb p`rg`aamñn. T`rc `n `l absc f` lb abg`t`rèb, tbhomín s` pu`f` fbr unb v`ntb aruzbfb sm `l v`nf`fcr l` au`ntb bl alm`nt` quí tmpc f` o`omfb vb h`kcr acn `s` blmh`ntc, c l` prcpcn` unb `ntrbfb pbrb achpbrtmr y, bl gmnbl, l` cgr`a` un pcstr`. W`ntb acnsultmvb; lb v`ntb acnsultmvb `s lb v`ntb qu` j`hcs `stbfc hbn`kbnfc f`sf` `l achm`nzc f`l abpètulc, `n lb aubl v`nf`hcs b trbvís f` acnsultbrl` bl alm`nt` lc qu`

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qum`r`, n`a`smtb, `sp`rb y s` mhbimnb. T`rscnblh`nt` ar`c qu` `s lb j`rrbhm`ntb hâs  pcf`rcsb f` tcfbs, bf`hâs f` qu` `s lb qu` jba` hâs bh`nb lb `xp`rm`namb pbrb `l alm`nt`, pu`s l` ormnfb hâs prctbicnmshc.

NTQ (N`t Trchct`r Qacr`);  `stb `s unb j`rrbhm`ntb f`sbrrcllbfb pcr Gr`f`rmae G. _`majj`lf, qu` s` usb huajc pbrb vblmfbr lb sbtmsgbaamñn f`l alm`nt`. a lm`nt`. Acnsmst` `n sclc fcs  pr`iuntbs; • F` 2 b 24 ³quí tbn prcobol` `s qu` h` r`achm`nf` acn sus bhmics, acl`ibs y gbhmlmbr`s3, t`nm`nfc `n au`ntb qu` 2 `s “Nc `s prcobol`‘, y 24, “@s huy prcobol`‘. • ³Ruí pcfrèb jba`r yc pbrb h`kcrbr `sb ablmgmabamñn3 @stb j`rrbhm`ntb tm`n` tr`s v`ntbkbs; 2. @s huy acrtb, lc aubl jba` hâs prcobol` qu` `l alm`nt` `stí fmspu`stc b r`blmzbrlb. ?. F`omfc b su `stmlc f` pr`iuntb, vb fmr`atc bl prcol`hb qu` n`a`smtbhcs acnca`r. 1. T`rhmt` h`fmr `l s`rvmamc tbntc aubntmtbtmvb achc aublmtbtmvbh`nt`. Tbrb mnt`rpr`tbr `l nps s` su`l` acnsmf`rbr qu` unb ablmgmabamñn `ntr` 2-7 `s n`ibtmvb, f` 9-: `s n`utrb y f` =-24 `s pcsmtmvb.

Hbn`kc f` cok`amcn`s;  furbnt` aublqum`r prca`sc f` v`ntb s` pu`f`n pr`s`ntbr  cok`amcn`s, `s f`amr, hctmvcs c p`nsbhm`ntcs qu` pu`f`n r`trbsbr c olcqu`br lb v`ntb. @s mhpcrtbnt` t`n`r sm`hpr` unb r`spu`stb pbrb abfb cok`amñn, acn `l gmn f` pcf`r  scluamcnbrlb f` gcrhb `g`atmvb. Bliunbs f` lbs hâs achun`s scn; •

Cok`amcn`s f` `sa`ptmamshc;  bliuncs `k`hplcs f` cok`amcn`s f` `sa`ptmamshc scn smtubamcn`s `n lbs qu` un alm`nt` acnsmf`rb qu` nc n`a`smtb `l prcfuatc acn sugmam`nt` uri`namb, c fma` qu` l` gu` hbl `n unb `xp`rm`namb bnt`rmcr, c qu` n`a`smtb `vblubr 

ctrbs cpamcn`s, c qu`bl`stâ sbtmsg`ajc acn suf`scluamñn @n `stcs abscs s` r`achm`nfb hcstrbrl` alm`nt` lcs o`n`gmamcs lb cg`rtb,batubl. lbs ibrbntèbs f` ablmfbf, `l mhpbatc qu` t`nfrèb `n sus n`a`smfbf`s y lbs fmg`r`nambs c gcrtbl`zbs qu` tm`n`s acn r`sp`atc b lb achp`t`namb. • Cok`amcn`s f` pcf`r f` f`amsmñn;  un `k`hplc achûn f` cok`amcn`s f` pcf`r f` f`amsmñn `s lb smtubamñn `n lb qu` `l alm`nt` n`a`smtb acnsultbrlc acn un k`g` c sup`rmcr, bnt`s f` pcf`r bprcobr lb achprb. Bunqu` `stb cok`amñn `s `n `s`namb r`spcnsbomlmfbf tuyb, pcr nc jbo`r acntbatbfc b lb p`rscnb qu` r`blh`nt` t`nèb pcf`r  f` f`amsmñn, pu`f`s hbn`kbrlb cgr`amínfcl` bl alm`nt` qu` lc bachpbòbs b fcnf` su  k`g` pbrb r`sclv`r lbs fufbs qu` pu`fbn surimr. Bfmamcnblh`nt`, pu`f`s f`amr qu` s`rèb unb irbn cpcrtunmfbf pbrb ll`vbr `l ocrrbfcr f` unb prcpu`stb hâs btrbatmvb y •

acnar`tb. Cok`amcn`s f` pr`amc; bliuncs `k`hplcs f` cok`amcn`s f` pr`amc scn smtubamcn`s `n

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lbs qu` `l alm`nt` hbnmgm`stb qu` nc tm`n` tbntc pr`supu`stc f`stmnbfc pbrb `sb achprb, c qu` un achp`tmfcr lc jba` hâs `acnñhmac c qu`, pcr bjcrb, nc tm`n` `l fmn`rc. Qm`hpr` f`o`s `stbr pr`pbrbfc pbrb `st` tmpc f` cok`amcn`s, nc sclc acn briuh`ntcs scor` pcr quí tu actmzbamñn pu`f` r`sultbr bpbr`nt`h`nt` hâs acstcsb qu` lb f` lb achp`t`namb (bjè `s aubnfc f`o`s jbolbr f` ablmfbf, r`spblfc, `ta., `ta.), smnc acn cpamcn`s tbl`s achc pcsmol`s f`sau`ntcs, pbic b auctbs, pcsmomlmfbf`s f` gmnbnambhm`ntc arífmtcs y, gmnblh`nt`, hcfmgmabamcn`s f` lb prcpu`stb acn `l gmn f` lcirbr un h`kcr cpr`amc. B hbn`rb f` `k`ramamc, t` r`achm`nfc s`ntbrt` un rbtc b p`nsbr `n quí cok`amcn`s pcfrèbn  plbnt`br tus alm`nt`s b lc qu` cgr`a`s y quí `strbt`imbs pu`f`s prcpcn`r pbrb scluamcnbrlbs.

A_H;  pcr ûltmhc, `s r`ach`nfbol` t`n`r bliûn tmpc f` arh (Austch`r _`lbtmcnsjmp Hbnbi`h`nt) qu`, `n `s`namb, `s un smst`hb pbrb bfhmnmstrbr lb r`lbamñn acn `l alm`nt`. Tbrb `stc jby prcirbhbs tbntc irbtumtcs achc pbibfcs, y `l prcpñsmtc `s t`n`r bjè lb mngcrhbamñn qu` t` p`rhmtb achpr`nf`r añhc t` r`lbamcnbs acn tus alm`nt`s batubl`s ` mnalusc pct`nambl`s. F`o`s r`imstrbr bjè f`sf` su nchor` ` mngcrhbamñn f` acntbatc, jbstb lb gr`au`namb acn lb qu` achprbn c acntrbtbn tus s`rvmamcs, quí prcfuatcs c s`rvmamcs acnsuh`n acn hbycr gr`au`namb, quí tbr`bs, prcy`atcs c achprchmscs tm`n`s  p`nfm`nt`s acn `llcs, auântc l`s jbs gbaturbfc, `ntr` ctrcs fbtcs. @n absc f` qu` nc s`bs huy bhmic f` `stcs prcirbhbs, pu`f`s vbl`rt` f` un aubfrc `n @xa`l c `n Qj``ts f` Iccil` Frmv` pbrb mntrcfuamr y batublmzbr lb mngcrhbamñn s`iûn tus n`a`smfbf`s. Tu`f`s `nacntrbr un aubfrc hcf`lc `sabn`bnfc `st` añfmic;

A_H oâsmac `n @xa`l

Q`fûa`lcs, jbz qu` t` bh`n; añhc pbsbr unb prcpu`stb y lb vu`nb jcrtcirbgmb Tbsbr unb prcpu`stb `s `s` hch`ntc hâimac `n `l qu` s` r`suh` tcfc `l trbobkc qu` jbs j`ajc jbstb `l hch`ntc y `n `l qu` n`a`smtbs f` tcfb lb byufb y j`rrbhm`ntbs pcsmol`s (mnalumfb lb v`lmtb qu` tu hbhâ l` pr`nfmñ b lb Wmri`n). Bunqu` jby huajbs acsbs qu` jby qu` t`n`r `n au`ntb, lb hbycrèb r`lbamcnbfbs acn `l prca`sc qu` jbs t`nmfc acn `s` alm`nt` `n pbrtmaulbr, `n tírhmncs i`n`rbl`s lb ûnmab r`ach`nfbamñn qu` sm`hpr` bplmab `s qu` “t`st``s‘ lb prcpu`stb acn blium`n f` acngmbnzb, qu` t` fmib f` v`rfbf añhc lb v`, quí `ntm`nf`, quí nc `ntm`nf` y quí bkustbrèb. @stc `s `sp`amblh`nt` mhpcrtbnt` sm nc vbs

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b `stbr pr`s`nt` aubnfc `l alm`nt` r`vms` lb prcpu`stb, f`omfc b qu` `s huy achûn qu` `l l`niubk` `sarmtc s` pr`st` pbrb hâs mnt`rpr`tbamcn`s f` lbs qu` t`n`hcs plbn`bfbs y `s h`kcr `vmtbr sustcs y hblcs `nt`nfmfcs. Tbrb mr b lb gmkb, t` f`kc aubtrc albv`s qu` f`o`s t`n`r `n au`ntb;

2. Lb abrb f`l sbntc jba` `l hmlbirc;  prcaurb sm`hpr` pr`s`ntbr tus prcpu`stbs  p`rscnblh`nt`, acn `l gmn f` pcf`r h`fmrqu` lb r`baamñn f`l pr`s`ntbr. alm`nt` y hbn`kbr gcrhb mnh`fmbtb lcs costâaulcs y cok`amcn`s s` pu`fbn _`au`rfbf`qu` `l  prcpñsmtc `s a`rrbr lb v`ntb `n ablm`nt`. Lc mf`bl `s f`kbr prcirbhbfb lb smium`nt` smium`nt` r`unmñn f` pr`s`ntbamñn f` prcpu`stb f`sf` lb r`unmñn f` orm`g  c  c fmbinñstmac, acn `l gmn f` `vmtbr  qu` t` lb pmfbn pcr acrr`c `l`atrñnmac c blic smhmlbr.

?. Albrmfbf y o`n`gmamcs;  pbsb sm`hpr` unb prcpu`stb `ngcabfb `n lcs o`n`gmamcs qu` r`amomrâ `l alm`nt` y lbs fmg`r`nambs acn tus achp`tmfcr`s, y sí huy albrc `n auâl`s scn lcs `ntr`ibol`s, tm`hpcs y bau`rfcs f` pbic. 1. Lb crtcirbgèb `s `l ou`n blm`ntc j`ajc l`trbs;  lb crtcirbgèb `s un bsp`atc mnn`icambol` `n unb prcpu`stb ach`rambl. Qm nc `s tu gu`rt`, pmf` byufb, p`rc pbsbr unb  prcpu`stb (c aublqum`r achunmabamñn, sm b `sc vbhcs) acn `rrcr`s crtcirâgmacs pu`f` s`r  hctmvc pbrb qu` tu alm`nt` f`sacngè` f` lb ablmfbf f` tu trbobkc. 6. Nunab scorb unb l`mfmtb `xtrb;  gmnblh`nt`, achc fmk` jba` un hch`ntc, lc hâs r`ach`nfbol` `s `nvmbrl` lb prcpu`stb b blium`n f` acngmbnzb pbrb qu` t` fí su  p`ra`pamñn f` lb hmshb y t` bs`iur`s f` qu` lb prcpu`stb s`b lc hâs `xmtcsb pcsmol`. Bl gmn y bl aboc, fcs abo`zbs pm`nsbn h`kcr qu` unb.

F` lcs acnhutbfcr`s b lcs `hckm`s `n Yjbtsbpp; añhc jba`r s`iumhm`ntc y añhc achunmabrncs @l s`iumhm`ntc `s `l hch`ntc `n `l qu` hmf`s quí tbn blmn`bfb `stâ tu prcpu`stb acn lbs n`a`smfbf`s f`l alm`nt` y, pcr `nf`, `s huy mhpcrtbnt` qu` lc jbibs b trbvís f` un abnbl qu` t` p`rhmtb unb achunmabamñn glumfb y smna`rb. Lc mf`bl `s ach`nzbr b jba`r `l s`iumhm`ntc `n lb r`unmñn hmshb `n lb qu` s` pr`s`ntb lb prcpu`stb5 sm nc `s pcsmol`,  pu`f` s`r unb llbhbfb, `n absc f` t`n`r `l nûh`rc f` lb cgmamnb f`l alm`nt`, c mnalusc h`kcr sm `s bl a`lulbr. Gmnblh`nt` `stâ lb cpamñn f`l ajbt, `l aubl, sm s` hbn`kb bf`aubfbh`nt`, ncs pu`f` ormnfbr huajb mngcrhbamñn scor` lbs p`rscnbs y sus `stbfcs h`ntbl`s y `hcamcnbl`s, irbambs b gunamcn`s achc lbs nctbs f` vcz, lcs `hctmacn`s, lcs stmae`rs y su abrbat`rèstmab mnh`fmbt`z y gbamlmfbf f` r`spu`stb. Lc ûnmac qu` nc r`achm`nfc tbntc, b h`ncs f` qu` s`b `l ûnmac r`aursc fmspcnmol`, scn lcs acrr`cs `l`atrñnmacs, `sp`amblh`nt` pcrqu` `n `l absc f` lcs acrr`cs `s fmgèaml lcirbr qu` lb  p`rscnb t` r`trcblmh`nt` albrbh`nt` scor` añhc vb `l prca`sc y sm s` n`a`smtbn bkust`s. Bf`hâs f` qu` usublh`nt` lcs acrr`cs ach`rambl`s qu` hbnfbhcs babobn `n unb gcsb

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achûn f` acrr`cs NN, qu` nc l``n kbhâs c l``n smn mnt`rís. @n lc p`rscnbl, scy huy bhmic f` usbr Yjbtsbpp. Qm`ntc qu`, irbambs b gunamcn`s achc lcs `hctmacn`s y lcs stmae`rs, pcf`hcs subvmzbr lb achunmabamñn `n unb `rb `n lb qu` `l tbatc `s unb abrbat`rèstmab mnfmsp`nsbol` `n lcs n`icamcs. Tcr `k`hplc, aubnfc s` trbtb f` t`hbs qu` b v`a`s scn mnañhcfcs, achc acorbr c r`acrfbr qu` acngmrh`n unb r`unmñn, usbr `hctmacn`s ‖achc lb unb abrmtb f` un hmqumtc tbpânfcs` lcs ckcs‖  gbamlmtb lb achunmabamñn. @n hm absc, nc `xbi`rc bl f`amr qu` hms alm`nt`s h` r`acnca`n  pcrqu` usc `l `hctmañn f`l unmacrnmc, lc lc aubl, acn `l tm`hpc, s` vclvmñ pbrt` f` hm hbrab  p`rscnbl.

Bl`rtb rckb y armsms acn lcs alm`nt`s aubnfc h`t`hcs lb pbtb bfm` `stâ lmor` f`l rm`sic f` `qumvcabrs`, `sc `s blic qu` `stâ gu`rb f` nu`strc acntrcl achc juhbncs y qu` f`o`hcs ba`ptbr `n luibr f` lbh`ntbrncs. Tcr ctrc lbfc, sè t`n`hcs acntrcl scor` lb gcrhb achc r`baamcnbhcs aubnfc ach`t`hcs un `rrcr, bsè qu` `n luibr f` llcrbr scor` lb l`aj` f`rrbhbfb, t` f`kc `stcs tr`s acns`kcs “achprcobfcs am`ntègmabh`nt`‘.

2. Fb lb abrb;  aubnfc ach`tbs un `rrcr, lc p`cr qu` pu`f`s jba`r `s `sacnf`rt` c f`sbpbr`a`rt`. Qm h`tmst` lb pbtb, lb hènmhb hu`strb f` r`sp`tc qu` h`r`a` `l alm`nt` `s qu` `stís bjè pbrb bsuhmr lb r`spcnsbomlmfbf. @s un bsuntc f` mnt`irmfbf y  prcg`smcnblmshc. @n cabsmcn`s, un ou`n hbn`kc f` unb armsms pu`f` s`r unb cpcrtunmfbf f` gmf`lmzbr bl alm`nt` pu`s `s unb f`hcstrbamñn f` lb ablmfbf juhbnb f`l prcv``fcr. ?. Ll`ib acn cpamcn`s; nc tcfcs lcs `rrcr`s tm`n`n, colmibtcrmbh`nt`, unb scluamñn, p`rc lc hènmhc qu` pu`f`s jba`r `s ll`ibr acn cpamcn`s scor` añhc hmtmibr lcs mnacnv`nm`nt`s abusbfcs, añhc pr`v`nmr `l `rrcr b guturc y añhc achp`nsbr bl alm`nt`.  bunqu` ncrhblh`nt` lc v`hcs `n Mnstbirbh, y b nbfm` 1. iustb _`lâkbt`, b tcfcs ncs pbsb; l` bfhmtmrlc c jbolbr f`l t`hb, ach`t`r `rrcr`s nc `s blic mnj`r`nt` b lcs juhbncs, bsè qu` r`lâkbt` y hâs om`n `ngñabt` `n añhc scluamcnbrlc. V` lc fma` blium`n qu`, `n unb cabsmñn, puolmañ pcr `rrcr `n lbs r`f`s f` unb jbhouriu`s`rèb pr`hmuh unb gctc f` unb  ocab smn fm`nt`s, qu` t`nèb pr`pbrbfb pr`pbrbfb pbrb unb alènmab f`ntbl qu` pcnèb prñ prñt`sms. t`sms.

Alm`nt`s ou`ncs y alm`nt`s hblcs @n lb vmfb f`l gr``lbna`, bl prmnampmc `s huy achûn ba`ptbr y hbnt`n`r b aublqum`r  alm`nt`, acn `l gmn f` t`n`r mnir`scs, bpr`nf`r y s`ntmr qu` bvbnzbhcs. Qmn `hobric, acn `l tm`hpc y b h`fmfb qu` ar`a`hcs ar` a`hcs prcg`smcnblh`nt`, f`o`hcs bpr`nf`r b r`acnca`r quí alm`nt`s ncs o`n`gmambn b lbric plbzc y quí alm`nt`s nc scn lc qu` r`blh`nt` ousabhcs. Tcr `sc, bunqu` abfb unc pu`f` t`n`r fmg`r`nt`s f`gmnmamcn`s f` lc qu` `s un ou`n alm`nt` y un hbl alm`nt`, f` bau`rfc acn su `xp`rm`namb, t` f`kc b acntmnubamñn lbs tr`s

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 pr`iuntbs albv`s f`l ou`n alm`nt`, lbs aubl`s f`o`n pbsbr pcsmtmvbh`nt` tcfcs lcs alm`nt`s;

2. ³@st` alm`nt` h` byufb b ar`a`r p`rscnbl c prcg`smcnblh`nt`3 ?. ³@st` alm`nt` h` pbib f` gcrhb kustb y `n plbzcs ba`ptbol`s3 1. ³@st` alm`nt` `s r`sp`tucsc y h` trbtb f` gcrhb fminb3 Qm `l alm`nt` nc sbl` om`n lmorbfc f` bliunb f` `stbs tr`s pr`iuntbs, `ntcna`s `s un alm`nt` qu` f`o`rèbs r`plbnt`brt` y bl qu` f`o`rèbs ach`nzbr b ousabrl` r``hplbzc, acn `l gmn f` t`rhmnbr lb r`lbamñn ach`rambl tbn prcntc achc s`b pcsmol`.

Añhc octbr un alm`nt` y lb tusb f` p`rf`rlcs; p`rf`r `s ibnbr un pcac Bl miubl qu` pbrb s`r hbhâ, nc `xmst` un hbnubl pbrb p`rf`r un alm`nt`. @s unb `xp`rm`namb qu` jby qu` vmvmr pbrb bpr`nf`r y, bl miubl qu` pbrb bpr`nf`r b nbfbr, jby qu` trbibr biub pbr f` v`a`s bnt`s f` `s jba`rlc om`n. Blnc hch`ntc f` acntmnubr p`rf`r un acn alm`nt`, s` pr`s`ntbn tr`sun`sa`nbrmcs; `l prmh`rc qu` ncsctrcs f`s``hcs `s` alm`nt` pcr aublqum`r hctmvc. @n `n `s` absc, lc mf`bl `s achunmabrl` bl alm`nt` qu` nc vbhcs b acntmnubr trbobkbnfc acn íl, cgr`a`rl` cpamcn`s f` r``hplbzc `, mf`blh`nt`, fbrl` lb pcsmomlmfbf f` acntbr acn ncsctrcs furbnt` unbs s`hbnbs hâs pbrb jba`r  `hpblh` acn `l r``hplbzc qu` `lmkb. Lb s`iunfb pcsmomlmfbf `s qu` `l alm`nt` s`b qum`n nc f`s`` acntmnubr acn ncsctrcs, `n auyc absc f`o`hcs ba`ptbrlc acn `l`ibnamb, llcrbr  `n absb, cèr hûsmab f` Bf`l` y hbnt`n`r lb blturb prcg`smcnbl `n tcfc hch`ntc. Bunqu`  pu`f` s`r fclcrcsc, `stb `s unb irbn cpcrtunmfbf pbrb pr`iuntbr lcs hctmvcs f`l abhomc (f` tcfc s` pu`f` bpr`nf`r `n lb vmfb y un bfmñs `s `l hbycr bpr`nfmzbk` pcsmol`), pu`s `sc ncs pu`f` fbr lua`s scor` quí jba`r y quí nc jba`r `n `l guturc. @n tcfc absc, lc mhpcrtbnt` `s jba`r un am`rr` fminc, cgr`a`r un pcsmol` `hpblh`, `ntr`ibr lb mngcrhbamñn f` hbn`rb cribnmzbfb y `stbr pr`stcs b lc qu` `l alm`nt` n`a`smt`. Gmnblh`nt` `stâ lb ûltmhb pcsmomlmfbf y `s qu`, pcr hctmvcs bk`ncs b bhocs c f` achûn bau`rfc, lb r`lbamñn nc acntmnû`. @n `st` absc, lc mf`bl `s unb h`zalb f` lbs smtubamcn`s bnt`rmcr`s; pr`iuntbr  quí pcf`hcs h`kcrbr, r`blmzbr un `hpblh` sm `l alm`nt` lc f`s`b y `stbr pr`stcs b byufbrlc `n lc qu` r`qum`rb f`ntrc f`l prca`sc f` am`rr`. @n tcfcs lcs abscs, t` r`achm`nfc s`r huy acrr`atc y sblmr sm`hpr` pcr lb pu`rtb irbnf`, pcrqu`, achc lc j` h`namcnbfc bnt`rmcrh`nt`, tu r`putbamñn `s tu batmvc hâs  pr`ambfc y yb sbo`hcs qu` “lb vmfb fb huajbs vu`ltbs‘.

Lcs hâs irbnf`s nc sm`hpr` scn lcs h`kcr`s Acntrbrmc b lc qu` s` su`l` p`nsbr `n un achm`nzc, lcs alm`nt`s hâs irbnf`s (`n aubntc b tbhbòc f` lb `hpr`sb, albrc) nc n`a`sbrmbh`nt` scn lcs alm`nt`s qu` hâs t` mnt`r`sbn.

9:

 

Aubnfc jbolbhcs f` alm`nt`s mnt`r`sbnt`s, lc v`rfbf`rbh`nt` mhpcrtbnt` nc `s `l tbhbòc tbh bòc f` lb `hpr`sb smnc quí tbn om`n s` bkustb b tus n`a`smfbf`s, `stmlc f` trbobkc y prcy`atcs. Pn alm`nt` irbnf` t` pu`f` mnt`r`sbr achc vblmfbfcr f` tu acncamhm`ntc y `xp`rm`namb,  pu`s jbo`r trbobkbfc acn unb `hpr`sb r`acncamfb `nrmqu`a` tu pcrtbgclmc y i`n`rb acngmbnzb `n alm`nt`s pct`nambl`s, p`rc hâs bllâ f` `sc, lcs alm`nt`s irbnf`s tm`n`n s`ms abrbat`rèstmabs f` rm`sic qu` f`o`s bpr`nf`r b hbn`kbr acn hb`strèb;

2. Lcs alm`nt`s “irbnf`s‘ scn alm`nt`s qu` tcfcs lcs gr``lbna` ousabn y, pcr `llc, pu`f`n s`r bltbh`nt` mngm`l`s, lc aubl jba` qu` lbs r`lbamcn`s lbocrbl`s nc sm`hpr` s`bn lbs hâs `stbol`s nm lbs hâs furbf`rbs. ?.  Tcr lb rbzñn bnt`rmcr, `stcs alm`nt`s su`l`n n`icambr tbrmgbs f`hbsmbfc obkbs, `n lb h`fmfb `n qu` hbn`kbn bltcs vclûh`n`s f` trbobkc. Qmn `hobric, jby cabsmcn`s `n lbs qu` nm smqum`rb `stcs vclûh`n`s lcirbn achp`nsbr lbs obkbs tbrmgbs . 1.  Pn alm`nt` irbnf` su`l` t`n`r pclètmabs f` pbic qu` pu`f`n ll`ibr jbstb lcs =4 fèbs (`stc `s `l aclhc, lc sí), y `sc pu`f` bg`atbr gu`rt`h`nt` `l glukc f` abkb f` un gr``lbna`, `n `sp`ambl sm `stâ ach`nzbnfc. 6. Bfmamcnblh`nt`, un alm`nt` qu` hbn`k` glukcs f` trbobkc f`hbsmbfc bltcs achm`nzb b s`r tbn boscro`nt` qu` t` lmhmtb pbrb acns`iumr ctrcs alm`nt`s y, pcr lc tbntc, sm f`amf`n f`kbr f` trbobkbr acntmic, qu`fbrèbs `n a`rcs, absm achc sm babobrbs f` `hp`zbr. Tcr ctrb  pbrt`, aubnfc f`sbrrcllbs tbntb f`p`nf`namb f` un alm`nt` `s absm achc vclv`r b s`r  `hpl`bfc y `sc sminmgmab p`rf`r lb `s`namb y lb lmo`rtbf f` s`r gr``lbna`. 0.  Ctrb rbzñn hâs pbrb nc absbrs` acn `hpr`sbs irbnf`s `s `stb; i`n`rblh`nt`, `stbs tm`n`n prca`scs f` f`amsmñn mnt`rncs hâs lbrics y l`ntcs pcrqu` mnt`rvm`n`n vbrmbs  p`rscnbs y abo`zbs. @s pcsmol` qu` qu` qum`n `nabriu` `l trbobkc y fmblciu fmblciu`` acntmic nc s`b lb  p`rscnb f`l abric fmr`atmvc hâs bltc. Pnb v`z qu`fb `nabribfc `l trbobkc qu` t` sclmamtbrcn, abhomcspu`f` `n lbnccribnmzbamñn, s`b bjbo`r nmv`lr`unmcn`s fmr`atmvcycabhomcs mnalusc `sb p`rscnb pu`f` acn lb jbo`r qu` jbolbst` s`iumr bllè5 cyb pu`f` `n lbs f`amsmcn`s yb tchbfbs, qu` pu`f`n jba`r p`rf`r `l trbobkc r`blmzbfc pcr tm c qu` t` sclmamt`n jba`r abhomcs vbrmbs v`a`s, nc pr`supu`stbfcs bl mnmamc y pcr lcs qu` n`a`smt`s abhombr lb actmzbamñn mnmambl, smn qu` `llc ibrbntma` qu` ba`pt`n `l nu`vc pr`amc.

7. Gmnblh`nt`, `stcs alm`nt`s su`l`n s`r huy f`hbnfbnt`s y t`n`r `xp`atbtmvbs f` trbobkc qu` un gr``lbna` qu` `stâ ach`nzbnfc tbl v`z nc pu`fb sbtmsgba`r, y `sc pu`f` bg`atbr tu hctmvbamñn y butc-vblcrbamñn. Acn tcfc `stc nc qum`rc f`sbnmhbrt` f` ousabr alm`nt`s irbnf`s, sclc qum`rc qu` scp`s`s y `vblû`s sm v`rfbf`rbh`nt` un alm`nt` irbnf` `s h`kcr  qu` vbrmcs p`qu`òcs.

Hbnt`n`r lb llbhb f` lb pbsmñn `na`nfmfb; gmf`lmzbamñn y austch`r kcurn`y

9=

 

hbp @n bfhmnmstrbamñn s` fma` qu` acns`iumr un alm`nt` nu`vc `s `ntr` 7 y 24 v`a`s hâs acstcsc qu` acns`rvbr y gmf`lmzbr b un alm`nt` `xmst`nt`. Tcr `sc gmf`lmzbr f`o` s`r unb tbr`b miubl c hâs mhpcrtbnt` qu` acns`iumr nu`vcs alm`nt`s. V` f`kc, `ntcna`s, b acntmnubamñn un pbr f` tmps scor` gmf`lmzbamñn y scor` lb `xp`rm`namb qu` vmv` `l alm`nt`. Tbrb ach`nzbr, r`acrf`hcs qu` gmf`lmzbr `s unb tbr`b r`lbtmvbh`nt` s`namllb, qu` s` fmvmf` `n fcs prca`scs qu` s` f`o`n r`blmzbr f` gcrhb p`rmñfmab; h`fmr lb sbtmsgbaamñn y `xp`rm`namb f`l alm`nt` y f`sbrrcllbr c prcpcn`r h`kcrèbs, s`iûn lc qu` bpr`nfbhcs `n `stb h`fmamñn. Tbrb `stc ncs pcf`hcs vbl`r f` fmg`r`nt`s j`rrbhm`ntbs qu` vbn f`sf` unb `ntr`vmstb p`rscnbl f`tbllbfb acn `l alm`nt` jbstb unb `nau`stb râpmfb tmpc nps (h`namcnbfb bnt`rmcrh`nt` `n `l abpètulc f` “Alm`nt`s y ctrbs armbturbs hmtclñimabs‘), acn `l gmn f` acnca`r lc qu` sm`nt` y pm`nsb nu`strc alm`nt`. @n hm absc, t`nic unb abntmfbf r`lbtmvbh`nt` p`qu`òb f` alm`nt`s, lc aubl h`  p`rhmt` s`ntbrh` abfb s`ms h`s`s acn abfb unc y, pcr h`fmc f` unb `ntr`vmstb, acnca`r  su nmv`l f` sbtmsgbaamñn y lbs acsbs qu` f`oc h`kcrbr c pct`nambr. Bl gmnbl f`l prca`sc, `vblûc oâsmabh`nt` tr`s acsbs; • • •

Ruí `s lc qu` hâs vblcrbn f` hm trbobkc Ruí `s lc hâs prmcrmtbrmc pbrb `llcs f`l s`rvmamc qu` pr`stc Ruí bsp`atcs c âr`bs f`oc h`kcrbr pbrb mnar`h`ntbr su nmv`l f` sbtmsgbaamñn.

Aubnfc `l alm`nt` nc pu`f` r`amomrh`, c `stâ gu`rb f` lb amufbf, cptc pcr `nvmbrl`s `stb `nau`stb pbrb qu` `llcs lb fmlmi`nam`n y bsè pcf`r ll`vbr acntrcl scor` hm prca`sc f` h`kcrbhm`ntc. Qm lc f`s`bs, bl t`rhmnbr `l prca`sc f` h`fmamñn pu`f`s `lbocrbr lc qu` s` acnca` achc “Austch`r Kcurn`y Hbp‘ (AKH), qu` `s unb j`rrbhm`ntb f` F`smin Vjmnemni, h`tcfclcièb ar`bfb pcr lb Pnmv`rsmfbf f` Qtbngcrf. @l AKH smrv` pbrb irbgmabr  lb ablmfbf f` lb `xp`rm`namb f`l alm`nt` y pcf`r vmsublmzbr acn gbamlmfbf lcs hch`ntcs `n lcs qu` f`o`hcs h`kcrbr.

@nau`stb sbtmsgbaamñn @n `l AKH qu` yc usc, f`gmnc `n lb pbrt` f` brrmob lcs hch`ntcs qu` vmv` `l alm`nt` bl acnsuhmr hm cg`rtb, `n lb pbrt` f` lb hmtbf trbzc unb lèn`b qu` r`pr`s`ntb quí tbn  plba`nt`rc `s `s` hch`ntc pbrb `l alm`nt` y `n lb pbrt` f` bobkc f`sarmoc lbs rbzcn`s pcr  lbs aubl`s gluatûb lb lèn`b. B hbn`rb f` `k`hplc, t` f`kc un AKH f` hm trbobkc achc gctñirbgc y, b acntmnubamñn

:4

 

`nacntrbrâs un añfmic R_   pbrb pbrb f`sabribr unb plbntmllb vbaèb y pu`fbs r`blmzbr `l tu cg`rtb.

AKH f`

F` bau`rfc hm AKHy, pcr `k`hplc, f`o`rèb h`kcrbr `xp`rm`namb qu` vmv` f` `l alm`nt` `ntr` acn lb r`unmñn `l fèb f` lbs yc gctcs, jbam`nfc hâslbpr`s`namb, bpcyânfclc bliunb hbn`rb y `stbnfc `n acntbatc pbrb r`sclv`r fufbs y ablhbr sus n`rvmcs.

@k`hplc `n olbnac f` AKH

AJ@AELMQV TB_B _@AC_FB_ ] H@FM_ BWBNA@Q  Achc juhbncs, n`a`smtbhcs om`n`s y s`rvmamcs qu` nc sm`hpr` pcf`hcs sbtmsgba`r   pcr nu`strcs prcpmcs h`fmcs. Tcr tbntc, vmvmhcs `n un unmv`rsc `n `l qu` smhultân`bh`nt` schcs alm`nt`s y prcv``fcr`s .  Tbrb `hp`zbr b ousabr alm`nt`s, `l prmh`r pbsc `s jba`r unb prcsp`aamñn, `s f`amr un  p`rgml `n `l qu` mf`ntmgmabhcs lbs abrbat`rèstmabs qu` jba`n qu` unb p`rscnb, `hpr`sb u cribnmzbamñn pu`fb s`r nu`strc alm`nt`.   Lcs tr`s hch`ntcs oâsmacs f` lb r`lbamñn acn `l alm`nt` scn; mnmamc, scst`nmhm`ntc/gmf`lmzbamñn y am`rr` y abfb unc pu`f` pr`s`ntbr smtubamcn`s f`sbgmbnt`s qu` f`o`s bpr`nf`r b scrt`br. ³]b sbo`s quí jba`r, pcr `k`hplc, sm `l alm`nt` t` fma` qu` lc qu` l` `stâs `ntr`ibnfc nc acrr`spcnf` b lc qu` t` pmfmñ, c aubnfc `l alm`nt` vu`lv`

:2

 

f`spuís f` jbo`r acrtbfc acntmic bnt`s3   Tcr ctrb pbrt`, lcs hch`ntcs f`l prca`sc f` v`ntb scn; `ngcqu`, mnt`rbaamñn, s`iumhm`ntc, acnar`amñn y pcs-v`ntb, y abfb unc tm`n` pbrtmaulbrmfbf`s qu` f`o`s acnca`r. ³]b sbo`s, pcr `k`hplc, auâl `s `l `ngcqu` f` v`ntb f` tu n`icamc3   ] lbs j`rrbhm`ntbs f`l prca`sc v`ntb f` scn; bprcpmbamñn f`l@nprca`sc, bs`rtmvmfbf, v`ntb aruzbfb, v`ntb acnsultmvb, nps,f`hbn`kc cok`amcn`s, arh. tcfc absc, r`au`rfb sm`hpr` qu` `l oblñn f`o` qu`fbr `n tu lbfc f` lb abnajb, `s f`amr, sm`hpr` f`o`s s`r tû `l qu` qu`f` acn lb tbr`b f` prchcv`r `l smium`nt` pbsc f` lb v`ntb.   Aubtrc albv`s pbrb pr`s`ntbr unb prcpu`stb; lb abrb f`l sbntc jba` `l hmlbirc, lb  prcpu`stb sm`hpr` f`o` `stbr `ngcabfb `n lcs o`n`gmamcs qu` r`amomrâ `l alm`nt`, lb ou`nb crtcirbgèb nc `s n`icambol`, trbtb sm`hpr` f` “t`st`br‘ lb prcpu`stb acn blium`n f` tu acngmbnzb.  Tbrb jba`r s`iumhm`ntc, lc mf`bl `s acntbr acn un abnbl qu` p`rhmtb unb achunmabamñn glumfb y smna`rb.  ³] quí jba`r aubnfc lb `hobrr`s acn un alm`nt`3 Fb lb abrb, ll`ib acn scluamcn`s y r`lâkbt`, b tcfcs ncs pbsb.  @n lb vmfb f`l gr``lbna` `s `s`nambl bpr`nf`r b r`acnca`r quí alm`nt`s t` o`n`gmambn b lbric plbzc y quí alm`nt`s nc scn lc qu` r`blh`nt` ousabs.  Lb `xp`rm`namb f` p`rf`r un alm`nt` `s blic qu` jby qu` vmvmr pbrb bpr`nf`r. @n tcfc absc, lc `s`nambl `s hbnt`n`rt` b lb blturb y sblmr pcr lb pu`rtb irbnf`.  ] b lb jcrb f` ousabr alm`nt`s, ¡aumfbfc! Lcs hâs irbnf`s nc n`a`sbrmbh`nt` scn lcs qu` hâs t` mnt`r`sbn.  Gmf`lmzbr bl alm`nt` `s unb tbr`b miubl f` mhpcrtbnt` b acns`iumr nu`vcs alm`nt`s. Bsè qu` nunab clvmf`s h`fmr acntmnubh`nt` lb sbtmsgbaamñn y `xp`rm`namb f`l alm`nt`.

:?

 

ABTÈVPLC 0

LB FMBN ] CV_CQ HCNQV_PCQ MHBIMNB_MCQ; BQT@AVCQ L@IBL@Q ] V_MOPVB_MCQ OÂQMACQ Acntbfcr, `n tus hbncs `nachm`nfc hm `spèrmtu Hâs f` unb v`z ncs j`hcs f`sp`rtbfc `n lb hmtbf f` lb ncaj`, obòbfcs `n sufcr, f`spuís f` scòbr qu` lb FMBN y sus bhmics ncs pr`iuntbn añhc ablaulbhcs lb actmzbamñn bf`lblcs s`iurmfbf scambl c sm `stbhcs lcs bl fèb lb B_L . @stc s` f`o` qu`,  `s pbrb hbycrèb gr``lbna`, `sp`amblh`nt` qu`acn `stân ach`nzbnfc, lb bFMBN unlbhcnstruc hmst`rmcsc y hblminc, qu` ncs ba`ajb `n lb csaurmfbf b lb `sp`rb f` qu` ach`tbhcs un `rrcr, pbrb ab`rncs y hultbrncs c mnalusc h`t`rncs b lb aâra`l. Nbfb hâs l`kcs f` lb r`blmfbf. Lb FMBN  nc sclc `s obstbnt` acnf`sa`nfm`nt` acn lcs acntrmouy`nt`s, y su`l` cgr`a`r plbzcs y cpcrtunmfbf`s, smnc qu` f`spuís f` qu` achpr`nf`hcs quí n`a`smtb lb FMBN  f` ncsctrcs pbrb qu` `l pbès gunamcn`, v`hcs qu` nc s` trbtb f` nbfb fmgèaml nm mrrbamcnbl, s`namllbh`nt` j`hcs smfc vèatmhbs f` lb gu`nt` f` tcfcs lcs t`hcr`s; `l f`sacncamhm`ntc. Hm prmh`rb r`ach`nfbamñn, `ntcna`s, t`nm`nfc `n au`ntb qu` lbs amraunstbnambs f` abfb p`rscnb scn fmstmntbs y qu` lbs l`y`s abhombn acn huajb gr`au`namb, `s qu` ousqu`s un acntbfcr f`acn acngmbnzb t` r`unbs acn scor` íl f`sf` `hpm`a`s b trbobkbr achc mnf`p`nfm`nt`, `l gmn f`y qu` t` crm`nt` añhcqu` cp`rbr, quí r`spcnsbomlmfbf`s tm`n`s acn `l @stbfc y quí trâhmt`s f`o`s r`blmzbr pbrb `stbr trbnqumlc acn r`sp`atc b tus colmibamcn`s acn lb Fmr`aamñn f` Mhpu`stcs y Bfubnbs Nbamcnbl`s (FMBN). Acn `st` prcpñsmtc, t` f`kc b acntmnubamñn un f`rrct`rc f` lcs t`hbs oâsmacs qu` f`o`s r`vmsbr aubnfc t` r`ûnbs acn tu acntbfcr/b;

2.  Añhc tm`n`s qu` cribnmzbr tu _`imstrc Ûnmac Vrmoutbrmc (_PV) s`iûn tu batmvmfbf `acnñhmab y, `n absc f` s`r r`spcnsbol` f` bliûn mhpu`stc ( MWB, MAB, `ta.), añhc ablaulbrlc y pbibrlc. Bquè `s mhpcrtbnt` qu` t`nibs `n au`ntb qu` abfb hunmampmc tm`n` fmg`r`nambs `n `st` bsp`atc y qu`, pcr `k`hplc, hm`ntrbs qu` `n bliuncs hunmampmcs lb MAB, `n ctrcs nc. (Tcr `sc  pr`stbamñn f` s`rvmamcs `stâsm`hpr` irbvbfb`xbhmn`s acn `l mhpu`stc llbhbfc nc scorb mnsmstmr `n qu` tcfcs `stcs t`hbs acn un acntbfcr, pu`s bunqu` jcy `n fèb `s pcsmol` `nacntrbr absm tcfc `n mnt`rn`t, lbs pâimnbs f` mnt`rn`t sclc

:1

 

 pr`s`ntbn lbs i`n`rblmfbf`s y, aubnfc `hpm`zbs b trbobkbr, tû n`a`smtbs blium`n qu` bnblma` tu smtubamñn pbrtmaulbr).

?. Añhc f`o`s ablaulbr y pbibr tu s`iurmfbf scambl. _`au`rfb qu` tcfcs lcs trbobkbfcr`s mnf`p`nfm`nt`s qu` t`nibhcs un mnir`sc obs` sup`rmcr b un sblbrmc hènmhc h`nsubl l`ibl vmi`nt` `stbhcs colmibfcs pcr l`y b bgmlmbrncs b unb @TQ (@hpr`sb Tr`stbfcrb f` Qbluf), b un gcnfc f` p`nsmcn`s y, `n cabsmcn`s, b unb B_L (Bfhmnmstrbfcrb f` _m`sics Lbocrbl`s).

1.  Ruí tmpc f` fcauh`ntc f`o`s usbr pbrb acorbr pcr tu trbobkc (gbaturb c au`ntb f` acorc) y quí mngcrhbamñn f`o`s acnsminbr `n abfb fcauh`ntc.(_`au`rfb qu` yb jbolbhcs un pcac f` `st` t`hb `n `l abpètulc 1). 6. Añhc pu`f`s acntrbtbr b blium`n qu` t` byuf` `n tu trbobkc y quí f`o`s p`fmrl` pbrb acntrbtbrlc. (Nu`vbh`nt`, r`au`rfb qu` yb jbolbhcs un pcac f` `st` t`hb `n `l abpètulc 1). 0. Ruí `x`namcn`s trmoutbrmbs t` bplmabn tbntc bl trbobkbr achc bl r`imstrbrt` `n `l Qmst`hb  pbrb lb F`albrbamñn y Tbic @l`atrñnmac Mnt`irbfc Mnt`irbfc f` Q`iurmfbf Qcambl y Tbrbgmsabl`s. 7. Qm`hpr` r`au`rfb qu` lb r`iulbamñn f` lcs t`hbs trmoutbrmcs y lbs colmibamcn`s acn `l @stbfc abhombn p`rhbn`nt`h`nt`, bsè qu` bprcv`ajb sm`hpr` lbs r`unmcn`s acn tu acntbfcr pbrb pcn`rt` bl fèb scor` lbs ûltmhbs hcfmgmabamcn`s.

Lb plbnmllb f` pbic bl smst`hb f` s`iurmfbf scambl; ³quí `s `sc3 Achc trbobkbfcr`s mnf`p`nfm`nt`s, lb l`y ncs `xmi` r`spcnf`r pcr nu`strb s`iurmfbf scambl, `s f`amr, `stbr bgmlmbfcs b unb `ps y b un gcnfc f` p`nsmcn`s ‖y, f`p`nfm`nfc f` lb furbamñn f` lcs acntrbtcs qu` gmrh`hcs, tbhomín b unb B_L ‖ y pbibr h`nsublh`nt` h `nsublh`nt` lb suhb acrr`spcnfm`nt`, f` bau`rfc acn nu`strcs mnir`scs. Bquè nc vbl` s`r o`n`gmambrmc f` lb hbhâ c lb ncvmb. Qm nc auhplmhcs acn `stb colmibamñn, nc sclc `stbr`hcs mnauhplm`nfc lb l`y smnc qu` nu`strcs alm`nt`s nc pcfrân pbibrncs, pu`s `llcs `stân colmibfcs pcr l`y b vblmfbr qu` sus prcv``fcr`s `stín bl fèb acn `l smst`hb f` s`iurmfbf scambl f`sf` bnt`s f` acntrbtbrlcs. Bjcrb om`n, bunqu` abfb unc pu`f` jba`rlc f` gcrhb fmg`r`nt`, y jby huajbs cpamcn`s, pbrb ach`nzbr b pbibr tu s`iurmfbf scambl lc prmh`rc qu` f`o`s sbo`r `s qu` `n Aclchomb jby `hpr`sbs qu` t` p`rhmt`n pbibr lb s`iurmfbf scambl f`sf` sus  plbtbgcrhbs fmimtbl`s. B `stbs `hpr`sbs s` l`s llbhb cp`rbfcr`s f` TMLB  (Tlbnmllb Mnt`irbfb f` Lmqumfbamñn f` Bpcrt`s) y su gunamñn `s byufbrt` acn `l pbic f` lb s`iurmfbf scambl, b abhomc f` qu`fbrs` acn un p`qu`òc pcra`ntbk` f` lc qu` pbibs (`st`  pcra`ntbk` lc bsuh` `l @stbfc y nc nc tû). @l prmh`r pbsc, `ntcna`s, `s r`imstrbrt` `n unc f` `stcs cp`rbfcr`s f` TMLB. @l qu` yc

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usc `s Brus, p`rc jby ctrcs, achc @nlba` Cp`rbtmvc, Bpcrt`s `n Lèn`b y Hmplbnmllb, qu` scn miubl f` ou`ncs. Pnb v`z jbybs `l`imfc tu cp`rbfcr, f`o`s ar`br tu usubrmc, mnir`sbnfc tu aífulb y `lmim`nfc unb acntrbs`òb. Acn `stcs fbtcs, `l smst`hb t` ll`vbrâ b ll`nbr un gcrhulbrmc f` mngcrhbamñn oâsmab ‖achc tu t`lígcnc, acrr`c y fmr`aamñn‖ y v`râs qu` jby ctrb mngcrhbamñn qu` `l smst`hb yb tm`n` fmlmi`nambfb, irbambs b qu` lb acnsultb acn lb _`imstrbfurèb f`l @stbfc Amvml, h`fmbnt` `l nûh`rc f` aífulb qu` yb mnir`sbst`. F`spuís f` `stc, `l smst`hb t` jbrâ pr`iuntbs scor` lb gcrhb achc qum`r`s pbibr tu s`iurmfbf scambl, sm qum`r`s qu` lcs achprcobnt`s s`bn `nvmbfcs b tu acrr`c, y sm t` bplmabn bliunbs `x`namcn`s trmoutbrmbs (ckc, bquè `s fcnf` n`a`smtbs acn uri`namb b un acntbfcr). Acn `stc yb `stbrâs lmstc pbrb `hp`zbr b pbibr tu s`iurmfbf scambl y pcfrâs prca`f`r  b ar`br tu prmh`rb plbnmllb. V` r`achm`nfc jba`r huy om`n lb prmh`rb plbnmllb, pbrb qu` h`s b h`s pu`fbs usbrlb achc obs` y bjcrrbrt` `l trbobkc f` r`p`tmr tcfc `l prca`sc. @n cabsmcn`s, lcs cp`rbfcr`s au`ntbn acn mnstruatmvcs pbrb qu` lcs usubrmcs pu`fbn s`iumr  un pbsc b pbsc y lmqumfbr su prcpmb plbnmllb c au`ntbn acn lèn`bs f` bt`namñn pbrb qu` un bs`scr t` crm`nt`. Ctrc bsp`atc f` tu vmfb achc gr``lbna` `s qu` nbfm` jbrâ lcs trâhmt`s  pcr tm y f`o`râs t`n`r pbam`namb y `l tm`hpc sugmam`nt` pbrb bpr`nf`r, mnv`stmibr y ll`vbr  `l trâhmt` b g`lmz tírhmnc. T`rc ckc, `stcs cp`rbfcr`s sclc t` btm`nf`n `n jcrbrmcs f` cgmamnb, bsè qu` nc f`k`s `stc pbrb ûltmhb jcrb c lb vèsp`rb f` pr`s`ntbr unb au`ntb f` acorc. Lb plbnmllb `s `l gcrhulbrmc `n `l qu` l` mngcrhbs bl smst`hb auântc vbs b pbibr, f` bau`rfc acn lcs mnir`scs qu` jbs r`amomfc `n `l h`s, y b quí p`rècfc f` tm`hpc c h`s acrr`spcnf` `s` pbic. Q`iûn lb l`imslbamñn vmi`nt` bl hch`ntc f` `sarmomr `st` lmorc, lcs mnf`p`nfm`nt`s f`o`hcs pbibr lb s`iurmfbf scambl h`s v`namfc, `s f`amr qu` lb s`iurmfbf scambl f` bicstc f`o` pbibrs` lcs prmh`rcs fèbs jâoml`s f` s`ptm`hor` (pbrb sbo`r lb g`ajb lèhmt` f` pbic, lb aubl s` f`gmn` s`iûn `l tmpc f` bpcrtbnt` y lcs fcs ûltmhcs fèimtcs f`l fcauh`ntc f` mf`ntmgmabamñn, bs`sñrbt` f` un cp`rbfcr c f` tu acntbfcr). T`rc, ckc, `stb l`imslbamñn pu`f` abhombr `n aublqum`r hch`ntc, bsè qu` jby qu` `stbr bt`ntc.

Hbnubl TFG pbrb pbibr s`iumfbf scambl

³] añhc ablaulc auântc f`oc pbibr f` s`iurmfbf scambl3 Tbrb ablaulbr auântclbf`o`s pbibr, Qcambl lc prmh`rc qu` scor` jby qu` sbo`r qu`, achc `n `l hbnubl bnt`rmcr, Q`iurmfbf s` pbib `l 64 pcr`sam`ntc f` lcsfmkmhcs mnir`scs. @st` 64 pcr am`ntc s` f`nchmnb MOA (Ènfma` Obs` f` Actmzbamñn) y scor` `sb suhb f`o`s

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ablaulbr 2?,0 pcr am`ntc pbrb sbluf, 27 pcr am`ntc pbrb p`nsmñn y `l pcra`ntbk` f` rm`sics lbocrbl`s qu` t` acrr`spcnfb s`iûn tu nmv`l f` rm`sic (`l aubl s`iurbh`nt` yb bv`rmiübst` acn tu acntbfcr). _`au`rfb qu` `stbs r`iulbamcn`s pu`f`n abhombr `n aublqum`r  hch`ntc y pcr `sc t` r`achm`nfc vblmfbr sm`hpr` `stb mngcrhbamñn. T`rc pbrb qu` t` jbibs unb mf`b f` auântc f`o`s pbibr, t` f`kc un `k`hplc `xplmabfc pbsc b pbsc; Fmibhcs qu` tm`n`s uncs mnir`scs h`nsubl`s $ 6”444 f` 444. Qm tu n`icamc `s v`nf`r prcfuatcs, pu`f`s f` f`sacntbr `stcs mnir`scs lcs acstcs f` cp`rbamñn y prcfuaamñn (p`rc sm v`nf`s s`rvmamcs, nc pu`f`s f`sacntbr nbfb). Fmibhcs, `ntcna`s, qu` tus acstcs bscambfcs scn f` $ 2”444 444, pcr lc tbntc; $ 6”444 444 h`ncs $ 2”444 444 f` acstcs fb un mnir`sc n`tc f`; $ 1”444 444. Qcor` `st` mnir`sc n`tc, ablaulbs `l MOA (`l 64%); $ 1”444 444 x 64% 8 $ 2”?44 444 Qcor` `st` MOA ablaulbs `l 2?,0% f` sbluf y `l 27% f` p`nsmñn; $ 2”?44 444 x 2?,0% 8 $ 204 444 $ 2”?44 444 x 27% 8 $2=? 444 ] supcnibhcs qu` nc tm`n`s qu` pbibr B_L pcrqu` tus acntrbtcs scn b h`ncs f` un h`s, bsè qu`; $ 204 444 f` bpcrt` `n sbluf hâs $ 2=? 444 f` bpcrt` `n p`nsmcn`s fb un tctbl b pbibr  f`; $16? 444 Tcr lc i`n`rbl, `stc lc ablaulb butchâtmabh`nt` lb plbtbgcrhb f` pbic aubnfc mnir`sbs tu MOA, p`rc `s mf`bl qu` achpr`nfbs f` fñnf` sbl`n `scs vblcr`s. Pn bsp`atc mhpcrtbnt` qu` f`o`s t`n`r `n au`ntb `s qu`, achc yb fmkmhcs, `l MOA nunab pu`f` s`r h`ncr b un sblbrmc hènmhc h`nsubl ($ :?: 227 `n `l ?42=, aubnfc s` `sarmo` `st` lmorc, p`rc `sc abhomb abfby bòc y f`o`s `stbr Tcr lcb tbntc, sm tus mnir`scs n`tcs (`n scn`s` f` $2”044 444 v`s qu` `l 64% f` batublmzbfc). `s` vblcr `s h`ncr un sblbrmc hènmhc h`nsubl absc `l 64% s`rèbn $ 744 444), `ntcna`s f`o`s usbr achc MOA `l sblbrmc hènmhc h`nsubl vmi`nt`.

³Añhc r`blmzc `l pbic f` lb s`iurmfbf scambl h`s b h`s3 @n `st` puntc hm r`ach`nfbamñn `s qu` nc t` achplmqu`s y, f`spuís f` `ntrbr b lb  pâimnb f` tu cp`rbfcr TMLB, `lmkbs fuplmabr lb plbnmllb f`l h`s bnt`rmcr y pcnibs lb vbrmbamñn f` sblbrmc acrr`spcnfm`nt` b `s` h`s. _`au`rfb qu` sm`hpr` f`o`s pbibr f`ntrc f`l plbzc l`ibl `stmpulbfc c t` acorbrân mnt`r`s`s f` hcrb. Acnsultb acn tu acntbfcr c acn `l cp`rbfcr qu` utmlma`s auâl `s `l  plbzc qu` t` acrr`spcnf`. ] nc clvmf`s, achc yb fmk`, iubrfbr tbntc lbs plbnmllbs (pbrb pbics guturcs) achc lcs

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achprcobnt`s f` pbic, pcrqu` t` lcs p`fmrân pbrb abfb acorc qu` r`blma`s y pbrb t`n`r  scpcrt`s `n absc f` n`a`smfbf`s guturbs.

Lb r`t`namñn `n lb gu`nt` y lb pm`frb gmlcscgbl Tbrb achpr`nf`r lb r`t`namñn `n lb gu`nt`, prmh`rc f`o`hcs r`acrfbr qu`, pbrb qu` `l  pbès gunamcn` y t`nibhcs vèbs, bluhorbfc pûolmac, `fuabamñn y f`hâs, tcfcs lcs amufbfbncs f`o`hcs acntrmoumr acn mhpu`stcs. Oâsmabh`nt`, lcs mhpu`stcs acnsmst`n `n achpbrtmr acn `l @stbfc pbrt` f` nu`strcs mnir`scs y, `sp`amblh`nt`, f` nu`strb r`ntb (`l fmn`rc qu` ncs scorb f`spuís f` pbibr colmibamcn`s y ibstcs). Acn `l gmn f` bs`iurbrs` f` qu` nbfm` `vbfb `st` f`o`r y s` “vu`l` acn lb plbtb‘, `l @stbfc l`s `xmi` b lbs `hpr`sbs qu` sm`hpr` qu` l` pbiu`n b un prcv``fcr l` r`t`nibn un  pcac f` `s` fmn`rc (pcr `sc s` llbhb “r`t`namñn `n lb gu`nt`‘, pcrqu` s` r`blmzb `n lb gu`nt` f`l pbic). @sb r`t`namñn vbrèb `ntr` 4 y 11 pcr am`ntc, f` bau`rfc acn lb batmvmfbf `acnñhmab qu` r`blma`s y sm tm`n`s p`rscnbs qu` trbobk`n acntmic. F`spuís f` r`t`n`r `s` fmn`rc, lbs `hpr`sbs s` lc pbsbn fmr`atbh`nt` bl @stbfc, b tu nchor`, acn `l gmn f` jba`r  un bocnc bntmampbfc b lcs mhpu`stcs qu` t`nfrâs qu` pbibr bl gmnbl f`l bòc. Bsè, aubnfc ll`ib `l hch`ntc f` jba`r (y tbl v`z pbibr) lb f`albrbamñn f` r`ntb, tu acntbfcr r`vmsb sm acn `s` fmn`rc qu` t` r`tuvm`rcn b lc lbric f`l bòc s` auor`n lcs mhpu`stcs qu` f`o`s  pbibr, c sm, pcr `l acntrbrmc, tcfbvèb tcfbvèb jba` gbltb y f`o`s pbibr `l `xa`f`nt`. @n cabsmcn`s sua`f` qu` `l fmn`rc qu` t` r`tm`n`n `s sup`rmcr b lb suhb qu` f`o`s  pbibr y pu`f`s acorbr `l sblfc b gbvcr. T`rc, ckc, abfb v`z qu` blium`n qum`r` acorbr `s` `xa`f`nt`, `l @stbfc su`l` jba`r unb r`vmsmñn huy hmnuamcsb f` lbs au`ntbs pbrb v`rmgmabr qu` tcfc `stí `n crf`n y pcr `sc t` r`achm`nfc r`albhbr `sb f`vcluamñn sclc sm jbs ll`vbfc unb acntbomlmfbf huy cribnmzbfb y l`ibl, f` lc acntrbrmc, `s h`kcr nc blocrctbr `l bvmsp`rc.

_PV c tu nchor` f` usubrmc `n lb Fmbn B lc lbric f` nu`strb vmfb achc amufbfbncs jby hch`ntcs `n lcs aubl`s “ar`a`hcs‘ gr`nt` bl @stbfc, y bsè achc `s n`a`sbrmc sbabr aífulb pbrb achprbr a`rv`zb aubnfc t` vu`lv`s hbycr f` `fbf, tbhomín `s n`a`sbrmc sbabr `l _PV (_`imstrc Ûnmac Vrmoutbrmc) aubnfc t` vu`lv`s `acnñhmab y lbocrblh`nt` batmvc. @l _PV `s tu fcauh`ntc f` mf`ntmfbf achc acntrmouy`nt` (`s f`amr, p`rscnb qu` pbib mhpu`stcs) y gunamcnb achc tu aífulb. @s un fcauh`ntc qu` t` mf`ntmgmab gr`nt` b lb FMBN  y tm`n` tcfb lb mngcrhbamñn `s`nambl f`l acntrmouy`nt`, achc  NMV  (Nûh`rc f` Mf`ntmgmabamñn Vrmoutbrmc), nchor`, t`lígcnc, fmr`aamñn, acrr`c, batmvmfbf `acnñhmab, tmpc f` ríimh`n, `ta. Tbrb sbabr `l _PV obstb acn qu` vbybs b unb cgmamnb f` lb FMBN y sclmamt`s bs`scrèb. @s un prca`sc irbtumtc y t` tchbrâ unb c fcs jcrbs. Vbhomín pu`f`s mnir`sbr b lb pâimnb f` lb FMBN; www.fmbn.icv.ac, mr bl octñn f` Tcrtbl Y`o, jba`r alma `n _PV  y s`iumr lcs

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 pbscs f`sarmtcs `n Mnsarmpamñn f` _PV. @s mhpcrtbnt` t`n`r `n au`ntb qu` `st` prca`sc cnlmn` sclc bplmab sm `stâs s`iurc f` qu` tu batmvmfbf `acnñhmab nc `stâ irbvbfb c suk`tb b mhpu`stcs achc `l mab u ctrcs smhmlbr`s, `n auyc absc f`o`s baufmr b unb cgmamnb pbrb jba`r, f` unb v`z, lb mnsarmpamñn `n aâhbrb f` ach`ramc. F` tcfbs gcrhbs, pbrb hbycr  trbnqumlmfbf, t` r`achm`nfc bs`scrbrt` f` un acntbfcr pbrb `l`imr lb h`kcr cpamñn y nc t`n`r qu` jba`r r`prca`scs b guturc.

³Tcr quí h` pmf`n au`ntb f` acorc `n luibr f` smhpl`h`nt` pbibrh`3 Q`iurc `s unb `xausb pbrb f`hcrbrs` hâs Ar`c qu` lb hbycrèb f` lcs gr``lbna` ncs j`hcs j`ajc `stb pr`iuntb, acn blic f` rbomb, lb prmh`rb v`z qu` un alm`nt` “ncs achplmañ lb vmfb pmfmínfcncs pbp`l`s pbrb pbibrncs blic qu` yb jboèbhcs j`ajc‘. Bunqu` `n un prmnampmc ncs pu`f` i`n`rbr blic f` hcl`stmb s`ntmr qu` lcs alm`nt`s ncs mnt`rpcn`n trâhmt`s pbrb auhplmr acn su pbrt` f`l trbtc, `n luibr f` smhpl`h`nt` pbibrncs, r`sultb qu` tm`n`n ou`nbs rbzcn`s pbrb `llc. Tbrb `nt`nf`r `l pcr quí f`o`hcs r`acrfbr qu`, pbrt` f` lbs colmibamcn`s qu` tm`n`n lbs `hpr`sbs y bliuncs amufbfbncs acn lb FMBN `s f`albrbr r`ntb (t`hb f`l qu` jbolbr`hcs un pcac hâs bf`lbnt`) y, f`ntrc f`l prca`sc f` f`albrbr r`ntb, pbrt` f` lc qu` f`o`n jba`r `s f`hcstrbr qu` unb pcramñn f`l fmn`rc qu` l`s mnir`sñ sblmñ `n pbics, pcr  `k`hplc, b prcv``fcr`s achc ncsctrcs. @stc l`s byufb b obkbr mhpu`stcs pu`s bsè l` f`hu`strbn b lb FMBN  qu` nc s` qu`fbn acn tcfc lc qu` l`s `ntrb. Qmn `hobric, pbrb  pcf`r f`hcstrbrl` `stc b lb FMBN  n`a`smtbn fcauh`ntcs qu` lc pru`o`n y pcr `sc ncs  pmf`n unb au`ntb f` acorc pbrb pbibrncs. F` lc acntrbrmc, s` pu`f` acnv`rtmr `n un fclcr  f` abo`zb p`rs`iumr b un prcv``fcr bl aubl yb s` l` pbiñ pbrb p`fmrl` unb au`ntb f` acorc (lc fmic pcr `xp`rm`namb prcpmb). Bfmamcnblh`nt`, f`o`s t`n`r `n au`ntb qu` tbhomín t` pu`f`n sclmamtbr qu` t` mnsarmobs achc prcv``fcr, lc aubl su`l` sminmgmabr ll`nbr un gcrhulbrmc fms`òbfc pcr `l alm`nt`, `n `l aubl acnsminbs tcfb tu `n mngcrhbamñn trmoutbrmb ybs`iurbs obnabrmb qu` y, `ntuscabsmcn`s, f`albrbamcn`s f` crmi`n f` gcnfcs, lbs qu` oâsmabh`nt` mnir`scs  prcvm`n`n f` batmvmfbf`s l`ibl`s. Vbhomín f`o`s t`n`r `n ` n au`ntb qu` sm tu acorc sup`rb `l sblbrmc hènmhc vmi`nt`, lcs alm`nt`s vbn b sclmamtbrt` `l achprcobnt` f` pbic f` lb s`iurmfbf scambl. Gmnblh`nt`, y f`omfc b qu` jcy `n fèb lb hbycrèb f` lcs pbics s` jba`n  pcr trbnsg`r`namb obnabrmb, `s huy prcobol` qu` t` sclmamt`n un a`rtmgmabfc obnabrmc, fcauh`ntc qu` sbabs gâaml y râpmfbh`nt` b trbvís f`l smtmc w`o f`l obnac `n `l qu` t`nibs tu au`ntb.

Añhc jbic unb au`ntb f` acorc y pr`iuntbs qu` lb am`namb nc jb lcirbfc r`spcnf`r Jba`r unb au`ntb f` acorc `s huy gâaml y lc pu`f`s jba`r `n aublqum`r `fmtcr f` t`xtc f` achputbfcr achc Ycrf c Iccil` Fcas. Tbrb jba`rlb f`o`s mnalumr; nuh`rbamñn, g`ajb

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f` r`blmzbamñn, nchor` f` lb `hpr`sb c p`rscnb b lb qu` s` l` `stâ acorbnfc acn su r`sp`atmvb mf`ntmgmabamñn, nchor` f` qum`n acorb ` mf`ntmgmabamñn (usublh`nt` nmt), abntmfbf bf`ufbfb `n l`trbs y nûh`rcs (mnaluy`nfc lcs mhpu`stcs qu` bplmqu`n, s`iûn tu batmvmfbf `acnñhmab y hunmampmc), gcrhb f` pbic (pcr `k`hplc, gbvcr acnsminbr `n au`ntb obnabrmb tbl), acna`ptc (unb or`v` f`sarmpamñn f`l trbobkc qu` s` `stâ acorbnfc), gmrhb ` mf`ntmgmabamñn. Q` f`o` v`r hâs c h`ncs bsè;

Tbrb gbamlmtbrt` lb vmfb, pu`f`s `nacntrbr unb plbntmllb f` au`ntb f` acorc;

Tlbnmllb f` au`ntb f` acorc

:=

 

Gbaturbs y hâs gbaturbs Jba`r unb gbaturb `s un pcac hâs achpl`kc qu` jba`r unb au`ntb f` acorc pcrqu` pbrb gbaturbr f`o`s s`r p`rscnb kurèfmab c p`rscnb nbturbl `n ríimh`n achûn, f`o`s t`n`r unb r`scluamñn f` gbaturbamñn y f`o`s jba`rlc f`sf` un prcirbhb qu` ll`v` nuh`rbamñn f` tus gbaturbs pbrb ibrbntmzbrl` b lb FMBN qu` `stâs ll`vbnfc unb acntbomlmfbf trbnspbr`nt`. Tbrb `l prca`sc f` ar`br unb p`rscnb kurèfmab (usublh`nt` sbs), vclv`rt` ríimh`n achûn u cot`n`r unb r`scluamñn f` gbaturbamñn, t` r`achm`nfc bs`scrbrt` f` un acntbfcr. c `s fmgèaml, p`rc `s h`kcr qu` íl c `llb t` bs`scr`n `n f`tbll` s`iûn tus n`a`smfbf`s. @n lb pâimnb smium`nt` v`râs un `k`hplc f` gbaturb. V`n `n au`ntb qu` prcntc (sm nc `s qu` nc sua`fmñ yb aubnfc achpr`s `st` lmorc) ach`nzbrâ b r`imr lb gbaturbamñn `l`atrñnmab y `stc mhplmabrâ nu`vcs abhomcs `n lb gcrhb f` gbaturbr.

@l hmst`rmc f` s`r r`spcnsbol` f` MWB (ríimh`n achûn) c nc r`spcnsbol` f` MWB (ríimh`n smhplmgmabfc smhplmgmabfc)) F`sf` `l bòc ?42:, lcs gbhcscs “ríimh`n smhplmgmabfc‘ y “ríimh`n achûn‘ s` MWB y ‘_`spcnsbol` f` MWB‘, r`sp`atmvbh`nt`. @stbs f`nchmnbn “Nc scn _`spcnsbol` f`nchmnbamcn`s lbs gcrhbsf``n lbs‘qu` lb FMBN fmvmf` b lcs acntrmouy`nt`s y, s`iûn `l ríimh`n `n qu` t` `nau`ntr`s, t`nfrâs fmg`r`nt`s abrbat`rèstmabs y r`spcnsbomlmfbf`s. W`bhcs;

•

Nc r`spcnsbol` f` mvb (_íimh`n smhplmgmabfc); `st` `s `l ríimh`n `n `l qu` tcfcs ach`nzbhcs, pu`s `s `l ríimh`n qu` auor` b lbs p`rscnbs nbturbl`s (c s`b tû, yc, tu hbhâ, bhmics y aublqum`r s`r juhbnc qu` acnczabs). @stâ p`nsbfc achc `l ríimh`n hâs smhpl` pbrb qu` aublqum`r p`rscnb pu`fb trbobkbr achc mnf`p`nfm`nt`, smn t`n`r  huajbs r`spcnsbomlmfbf`s acn lb FMBN nm acstcs gmkcs huy bltcs.

=4

 

Qm p`rt`n`a`s bl ríimh`n achûn; f`o`s acorbr pcr h`fmc f` au`ntbs f` acorc, nc  pu`f`s nm f`o`s acorbr MWB, nc l`s jba`s r`t`namñn b tus prcv``fcr`s y f`o`s bs`iurbrt` f` qu` tus mnir`scs bnubl`s nc sup`r`n `l tcp` hâxmhc pbrb acntmnubr sm`nfc nc r`spcnsbol` f` MWB (`n `l bòc ?42=, aubnfc s` `stâ `sarmom`nfc `st` lmorc, `s` tcp` `s f` $ 22=” =60 444. T`rc t`n `n au`ntb qu` `scs tcp`s abhombn abfb bòc y acn abfb r`gcrhb trmoutbrmb, pcr `sc bs`sñrbt` sm`hpr` f` un acntbfcr). Bfmamcnblh`nt`, sm p`rt`n`a`s bl ríimh`n achûn, nc pu`f`s t`n`r acntrbtcs qu` sup`r`n un vblcr f` $ 227” 467 444 (pbrb ?42=), nm tbhpcac acntbr acn hâs f` un `stbol`amhm`ntc f` ach`ramc (cgmamnb c puntc f` v`ntb). • _`spcnsbol` f` MWB (_íimh`n achûn); `st` `s `l ríimh`n bl aubl p`rt`n`a`n tcfbs

=2

 

lbs p`rscnbs kurèfmabs, mnf`p`nfm`nt`h`nt` f` sus mnir`scs c gbaturbamñn, y lbs  p`rscnbs nbturbl`s qu` qum`r`n s`r r`spcnsbol`s f` MWB c sup`rbn `l tcp` f` mnir`scs h`namcnbfc brrmob. @n `st` ríimh`n tm`n`s nu`vbs r`spcnsbomlmfbf`s, achc sclmamtbr unb r`scluamñn f` gbaturbamñn, gbaturbr acn MWB, f`albrbr r`ntb y ll`vbr `l r`imstrc f`l MWB.

Lb f`albrbamñn f` r`ntb y lb vmfb f` lcs `xaíntrmabh`nt` rmacs @n t`crèb, lb r`ntb `s lb abntmfbf f` fmn`rc qu` qu`fb f`spuís f` suhbr lcs mnir`scs y `l  pbtrmhcnmc y r`stbr lcs ibstcs y `ir`scs. @n Aclchomb, sm sup`rbs am`rtcs tcp`s f`gmnmfcs  pcr `l @stbfc (y qu` abhombn bòc trbs bòc), s` acnsmf`rb qu` tm`n`s sugmam`nt` sugmam`nt` r`ntb achc  pbrb s`r “f`albrbnt`‘, `s f`amr, pbrb r`nfmrl` au`ntbs bl @stbfc scor` auântb r`ntb r`amo`s bl bòc. Bunqu` lc hâs r`ach`nfbol` pbrb `stc `s acntbr acn lb byufb f` un acntbfcr   prcg`smcnbl, b acntmnubamñn t` f`kc lcs tcp`s vâlmfcs pbrb `l ?42=, acn `l gmn f` qu` r`vms`s sm tbl v`z jbs sup`rbfc bliunc y `stâs `n hcrb f` `hp`zbr b f`albrbr r`ntb. F`o`s f`albrbr r`ntb sm, bl 12 f` fmam`hor` f`l bòc ?42:, sup`rbst` bliunc f` lcs smium`nt`s tcp`s; • • • • •

Tbtrmhcnmc orutc miubl c sup`rmcr b $ 26=”?4? 444 Achprbs y acnsuhcs tctbl`s miubl`s c sup`rmcr`s b $ 67”62: 444 Mnir`scs orutcs tctbl`s miubl`s c sup`rmcr`s b $ 67”62: 444 Acnsminbamcn`s, f`pñsmtcs c mnv`rsmcn`s tctbl`s miubl`s c sup`rmcr`s b $ 67”62: 444 Acnsuhcs acn tbrk`tb tbrk`tb f` arífmtc tctbl`s miubl`s c sup`rmcr`s sup`rmcr`s b $ 67”62: 444

Gbaturbamñn `l`atrñnmab, lb prcg`aèb gmnbl F`sf` jba` tm`hpc (pbr`am`rb qu` lc `hp`zñ un fmncsburmc) lb FMBN vm`n` trbobkbnfc `n `l t`hb f` lb gbaturbamñn `l`atrñnmab. @s`namblh`nt`, `stb acnsmst` `n qu`, f` bjcrb `n bf`lbnt`, tcfbs lbs gbaturbs qu` s` `hmtbn `stbrân acn`atbfbs `n tm`hpc r`bl b lb FMBN y,  pcr `nf`, lb FMBN sborâ hmnutc b hmnutc quí s` gbaturb, qumín lc gbaturb, b qumín s` lc gbaturb y auântc s` gbaturb. Bunqu` jby bliunbs `hpr`sbs qu` yb jbn mhpl`h`ntbfc lb gbaturbamñn `l`atrñnmab, jbstb `st` hch`ntc jb smfc blic prmnampblh`nt` vcluntbrmc, p`rc b pbrtmr f`l bòc ?4?4 s`râ colmibtcrmc y pcr `llc r`achm`nfc qu`, sm pcr tus mnir`scs c batmvmfbf `acnñhmab `stâs colmibfc b gbaturbr, t` bs`scr`s f` tu acntbfcr scor` añhc jba`rlc y quí plbzcs tm`n`s pbrb mhpl`h`ntbrlc.

AJ@AELMQV TB_B _@AC_FB_ ] H@FM_ BWBNA@Q

=?

 

 Qm `r`s gr``lbna`, t`n`r un acntbfcr f` acngmbnzb nc `s un lukc nm unb `xbi`rbamñn. Qm tcfbvèb nc tm`n`s unc, sbl acrrm`nfc b ousabrlc y nc clvmf`s ll`vbr lb lmstb f` t`hbs qu` f`o`s acnsultbrl`.  Achc trbobkbfcr`s mnf`p`nfm`nt`s, lb l`y ncs `xmi` r`spcnf`r pcr nu`strb s`iurmfbf scambl, `s f`amr, `stbr bgmlmbfcs pcr lc h`ncs b unb `ps y un gcnfc f` p`nsmcn`s y pbibr  h`nsublh`nt` suhb acrr`spcnfm`nt`, f` lbbau`rfc acnscambl, nu`strcs mnir`scs. Qm ncb f`hu`strbs qu` lb`stâs bl fèb acn `l smst`hb f` s`iurmfbf nc pcfrâs acorbrl` nmniunb `hpr`sb pcr tu trbobkc. Bsè qu`, ³yb pbibst` tu prmh`rb plbnmllb3  @l _PV `s tu fcauh`ntc f` mf`ntmfbf achc acntrmouy`nt` (`s f`amr, p`rscnb qu` pbib mhpu`stcs) y gunamcnb achc tu aífulb. Qm qum`r`s s`r gr``lbna`, `sc `s lc prmh`rc qu` tm`n`s qu` t`n`r.  Acorbr pcr tu trbobkc nc sclc pu`f` s`r b v`a`s mnañhcfc smnc qu` tbhomín su`l` s`r  un pcac `nicrrcsc, pu`s f`o`s sbo`r quí mhpu`stcs t` bplmabn, sm t` tm`n`n qu` jba`r c nc r`t`namñn `n lb gu`nt`, sm f`o`s pbsbr unb au`ntb f` acorc c unb gbaturb, sm `r`s c nc r`spcnsbol` f` MWB, `n gmn, hml acsbs acn lbs qu` t` pcfrâ byufbr tu acntbfcr y qu` f`o`s `nt`nf`r sm qum`r`s prcsp`rbr.

=1

 

ABTÈVPLC 7

]B NC JB] @ZAPQBQ; VBLL@_  T_ÂAVMAC F@ AÑHC ] TC_ FÑNF@ B__BNAB_  ³] bjcrb quí3 Qm ll`ibst` jbstb baâ, `ntcna`s yb nc jby huajc hâs qu` n`a`smt`s sbo`r. Qclc n`a`smtbs jba`r . Bsè qu` `n `st` ûltmhc abpètulc nc t` vcy b acntbr nbfb nu`vc, sclc t` vcy b bachpbòbr, hm`ntrbs achm`nzbs b trbobkbr y v`r r`sultbfcs.

Tbtcs bl biub; prmh`rcs `k`ramamcs prâatmacs pbrb brrbnabr b acns`iumr alm`nt`s Tbrb ach`nzbr b acns`iumr alm`nt`s y n`icamcs, t` prcpcnic qu` smibs lcs pbscs qu` bpr`nfmst` `n `l abpètulc f` alm`nt`s, y `n abfb pbsc vbybs v`rmgmabnfc tus lcircs, acn `l gmn f` qu` pu`fbs vmsmomlmzbr `l bvbna` y s`ntmrt` hctmvbfc. N`a`smtbs t`n`r albrc quí vbs b cgr`a`r, s`rvmamc c prcfuatc, `n quí sm`nt`s qu` `r`s `l h`kcr y `n acns`au`namb pcr lc qu` t` pbibrân. N`a`smtbrâs tbhomín t`n`r albrc auântc vbs b acorbr, pcr quí vbs b acorbr  `s` hcntc, y jbstb fñnf` pu`f`s n`icambr `n absc f` qu` t` pmfbn r`obkb. Bjcrb, ¡hbncs b lb corb! Lc prmh`rc qu` f`o`s jba`r `s `sarmomr unb lmstb f` tr`mntb alm`nt`s acn lcs t` iustbrèb trbobkbr, irbnf`s y ajmacs5 tbl v`z gunamcn` albsmgmabrlcs pcr tbhbòc y nc scorbrâ kbhâs bv`rmiubr huy om`n scor` abfb alm`nt` `n sus r`f`s scambl`s y sus pâimnbs w`o cgmambl`s. Bsè sborâs b quí s` f`fmabn, quí prcy`atcs t`nibn `n hbrajb, h brajb, y tbhomín f` su r`putbamñn tbntc acn alm`nt`s achc acn sus prcv``fcr`s. _`au`rfb qu` bspmrbs b s`r hâs qu` un  prcv``fcr, un scamc f` `llcs `n sus prcy`atcs. Acnsmiu` `n `stb mnv`stmibamñn sus nûh`rcs t`l`gñnmacs c su mngcrhbamñn f` acntbatc. Acn `st` `k`ramamc `stâs acnstruy`nfc tu prcpmb obs` f` fbtcs. Aubnfc t`nibs lb lmstb achpl`tb, vbs b llbhbrlcs acn `l `ngcqu` qu` f`sbrrcllbst` `n `l abpètulc f` alm`nt`s pbrb p`fmrl`s qu` s` r`ûnbn acntmic. Lb llbhbfb sclc `s vâlmfb (y  pu`f`s ajulmbrlb) sm lcirbs jbolbr jbolbr acn lb p`rscnb `nabribfb. F` `sbs tr`mntb llbhbfbs, tm`n`s qu` lcirbr un hènmhc f` fm`z amtbs. Qm v`s qu` nc

=6

 

lcirbst` lbs fm`z amtbs, mnar`h`ntb `l nûh`rc f` alm`nt`s qu` vbs b llbhbr. Baâ lb albv` `s mnsmstmr. F` lbs fm`z amtbs, f`o`s sblmr acn lb tbr`b f` pbsbrl` unb actmzbamñn bl h`ncs b amnac alm`nt`s. Baâ lb albv` s`râ auhplmr acn lcs qu` prch`t`s; sm prch`t`s `nvmbr lb actmzbamñn, jbzlc. F`spuís f` pbsbr lbs actmzbamcn`s (mf`blh`nt` `n unb r`unmñn pr`s`nambl acn `l alm`nt`), vbs b jba`r `l s`iumhm`ntc p`rtmn`nt`. Baâ lb albv` s`râ lb pbam`namb pcrqu`  pu`f`n tbrfbr `n tchbr lb f`amsmñn, pu`f`n `stbr `vblubnfc ctrbs actmzbamcn`s. Tbam`namb nc `s lc hmshc qu` pbsmvmfbf, bsè qu` jbz `l s`iumhm`ntc, h`kcr sm `s smst`hâtmac, p`rc smn pr`smcnbr b tu alm`nt`. Gmnblh`nt`, f` lbs amnac actmzbamcn`s qu` pbsbst` f`o`s lcirbr bl h`ncs un alm`nt` `g`atmvc. Qm v`s qu` bun nc lc lcirbs, mnar`h`ntb `l nûh`rc f` alm`nt`s pct`nambl`s. Lb albv` sm`hpr` s`râ nc r`nfmrs` nc f`kbrs` f`shctmvbr, smnc tchbr ctrb v`z mhpulsc y vclv`r b `hp`zbr `l amalc.

Hm prmh`rb llbhbfb B acntmnubamñn tm`n`s 14 `spbamcs pbrb qu` lcs ll`n`s acn lb mngcrhbamñn f` lcs 14  prmh`rcs alm`nt`s.

=0

 

Hm prmh`rb amtb @st` s`namllc aubfrc pu`f` byufbrt` b r`suhmr `l r`sultbfc f` lb prmh`rb mnt`rbaamñn acn tu alm`nt` pct`nambl. Alm`nt` (`hpr`sb y acn qum`n jbolbst`) G`ajb f` lb r`unmñn f` trbobkc qu`

   

tuvmst`

=7

 

Q`rvmamc c prcfuatc qu` t` pmfm`rcn actmzbr G`ajb `n qu` `nvmbst` lb actmzbamñn Cos`rvbamcn`s (`l alm`nt` pmfmñ lb actmzbamñn mhpr`sb, pcr `k`hplc, c qu` lb `nvmrbs acn acpmb b ctrb p`rscnbtbhomín)

 

G`ajb prmh`r s`iumhm`ntc

 

   

Hm prmh`r s`iumhm`ntc @l s`iumhm`ntc, pbrb `g`atcs prâatmacs, tbhomín lc pu`f`s r`imstrbr `n unb tbolb s`namllb5 bsè mrâs t`nm`nfc fcauh`ntbfc tcfc `l prca`sc acn un alm`nt`. Alm`nt`;SSSSSSSS

Ach`ntbrmcs

G`ajb f`l prmh`r s`iumhm`ntc (³llbhbst`, `sarmomst`,   vmsmtbst` bl alm`nt`3) ³Acnt`stñ `l alm`nt`3 ³@n absc bgmrhbtmvc, quí t` fmkc3 ³Tmfmñ bkust`s3 ³Ruí bacrfbrcn3 G`ajb s`iunfc s`iumhm`ntc  

@st` prca`sc pu`f` s`iumr pcr un tm`hpc, hm`ntrbs n`icambn y ll`ibn b bau`rfcs5 lc mhpcrtbnt` `s qu` ll`v`s r`imstrc f` lc bacrfbfc y lc prch`tmfc. V` f`s`c qu` lcir`s jba`r vbrmcs am`rr`s y bsè lcirbr qu` t` `nabriu`n trbobkcs. Qm `s bsè, pcfrèb f`amrt` qu` t` `hpm`zbs b irbfubr achc gr``lbna`. Jba`r `st` tmpc f` tbolbs y s`iumhm`ntc f` lcs prca`scs t` byufbrâ pbrb t`n`r albrc `n quí vb absb pbsc. ], `n absc f` qu` ll`iu`s b un am`rr`, pu`f`s s`iumr `stb h`tcfclcièb s`iûn tus n`a`smfbf`s. Aubfrcs s`amllcs f` s`iumhm`ntc y tbolbs f` acnsultb râpmfb pbrb tm.

Hm prmh`r am`rr` y v`ntb Qm lcirbst` a`rrbr un n`icamc acn un alm`nt`, qu` f`amfmñ tchbr tus s`rvmamcs c prcfuatcs, ll`vb un r`imstrc f` tcfc. F` nu`vc, unb gâaml tbolb pu`f` s`r huy ûtml pbrb t`n`r lb mngcrhbamñn b hbnc nc t`n`r qu` ousabrlb `ntr` acrr`cs `l`atrñnmacs, ajbts, c `n lcs lbo`rmntcs f` tu h`nt`. Alm`nt`

Ach`ntbrmcs

³Ruí achprñ3 ³Ruí sclmamtñ3 Wblcr bacrfbfc

   

G`ajbs pbatbfbs pbrb lb(s) `ntr`ib(s) G`ajb pbrb rbfmabr au`ntb f` acorc G`ajbs pbatbfbs pbrb `l (lcs) pbic (s)

     

=9

 

G`ajb pr`vmstb pbrb s`iumhm`ntc pcs v`ntb c ibrbntèb

 

Ou`n vm`ntc y ou`nb hbr ¡Fmcs sbntc! @sp`rc jbo`rt` fbfc bliunbs lua`s scor` añhc acnv`rtmrt` `n trbobkbfcr  mnf`p`nfm`nt` y j`rrbhm`ntbs ûtml`s pbrb ach`nzbr `stb abrr`rb, pu`s `s unb abrr`rb achc tcfbs. Pn bnj`lc qu` `sp`rc qu` auhplbs, s`r mnf`p`nfm`nt` y nc t`h`r b lb mna`rtmfuhor` qu` `stc pu`fb i`n`rbr b v`a`s. Nc `stâs sclc `n `st` prca`sc, schcs vbrmcs lcs vblm`nt`s lbna`rcs qu` `stbhcs `n `l hmshc abhpc. H` mnunfb lb `hcamñn f` t`rhmnbr hm prmh`r lmorc p`rc hâs h` bl`irb jbo`r bachpbòbfc b blium`n `n `l prca`sc f` ar`a`r achc gr``lbna`.  Nc h` qu`fb huajc hâs pcr f`amrt`, sclc h` r`stb fbrt` lb om`nv`nmfb b unb f` lbs gcrhbs f` vmfb hâs ajív`r`s qu` pu`fbs mhbimnbr, y f`s`brt` qu` lc fmsgrut`s, ar`zabs y bprcv`aj`s abfb mnstbnt`.

=:

 

ABTÈVPLC 9

LB OB_N@] OCLQB F@L G_@@LBNA@ J`rrbhm`ntbs, bpps, prcv``fcr`s, s`rvmamcs, acns`kcs y jâomtcs f`l ou`n gr``lbna` Bliuncs f` ncsctrcs tuvmhcs lb su`rt` f` s`r `fuabfcs pcr s`rm`s f` t`l`vmsmñn mrr`bl`s, `n lbs qu` jboèb rbtcn`s hctcamalmstbs ( Lcs  Lcs Hctcrrbtcn`s), tcrtuibs luajbfcrbs ( Lbs  Lbs tcrtuibs nmnkb) y fmncsburmcs hcrbfcs pbrlbnt`s ( @l sjcw f` Obrn`y y sus bhmics) qu` abntbobn acn nmòcs y acntbobn acn unb oclsb hâimab qu` acnt`nèb tcfc lc qu` unc  pufm`rb n`a`smtbr pbrb s`r g`lmz. Bsè, smium`nfc `l `k`hplc f` Obrn`y, h` mnspmrí `n lb “Obrn`y pbrbpbrb r`acpmlbr tcfbslb lbs smtmcs w`o yf` fbtcs i`n`rbl`s qu` puf`oclsb‘ `nacntrbr gbamlmtbrt` vmfbj`rrbhm`ntbs, f` gr``lbna`.bpps, Baâ vbn bliuncs lcs h`kcr`s;

Iccil` Frmv`; `s `l s`rvmamc f` nuo` f` Iccil`, qu` cgr`a` f`sf` lb pcsmomlmfbf f` blhba`nbr y achpbrtmr brajmvcs jbstb lb cpamñn f` ar`br brajmvcs tmpc Ycrf, @xa`l y Tcw`r Tcmnt, pbrb hbn`kbr tu mngcrhbamñn `n tm`hpc r`bl y t`n`rlb sm`hpr` fmspcnmol`. Achc fbtc aurmcsc, nc sclc r`achm`nfc `st` smst`hb pbrb `l hbn`kc f` lbs gmnbnzbs p`rscnbl`s, smnc qu` `st` lmorc gu` `sarmtc bjè, pbrb pcf`r t`n`rlc b lb hbnc `n aublqum`r hch`ntc y pcf`r achpbrtmrlc acn gbamlmfbf pbrb p`fmr cpmnmcn`s. • Frcpocx; `s un s`rvmamc f` nuo` smhmlbr b Iccil` Frmv`, p`rc f` ctrb achpbòèb, y  pcr `sc `s n`a`sbrmc qu` ar``s unb au`ntb bpbrt` pbrb pcf`r fmsgrutbr f` sus •

•  o`n`gmamcs. Lmne`fMn; `s unb r`f scambl prcg`smcnbl, qu` t` p`rhmt` nc sclc ousabr p`rscnbs acn  p`rgml`s prcg`smcnbl`s `sp`aègmacs, jba`r acn`xmcn`s y hcntbr tu jckb f` vmfb, smnc qu` `s unb irbn plbtbgcrhb pbrb qu` t` `nau`ntr`n alm`nt`s pct`nambl`s qu` `stân  ousabnfc jbomlmfbf`s huy `sp`aègmabs. `sp`aègmabs. • [cch; `s un smst`hb f` vmf`cacng`r`nambs, huy r`ach`nfbfc pbrb lcs qu` nc scn tbn bhmics f` Qeyp`. • Jbnicuts;  bl miubl qu` [cch, `s un s`rvmamc f` vmf`cacng`r`nambs, p`rc `st` `n  pbrtmaulbr p`rt`n`a` b Iccil`, lc aubl gbamlmtb su usc pu`s pcf`hcs baa`f`r b íl í l acn lb hmshb au`ntb f` Iccil`. • Iccil` Qj``ts; `s `l jchñlcic f` @xa`l `n `l s`rvmamc f` nuo` f` Iccil`. • Iccil` Fcas; `s `l jchñlcic f` Ycrf `n `l s`rvmamc f` nuo` f` Iccil`. • Mnstbomll;  `s un smst`hb f` gbaturbamñn pcr achputbfcr, huy bhmibol` y gâaml f`

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hbn`kbr. Vr`llc;  `s unb plbtbgcrhb pbrb i`stmñn f` prcy`atcs, huy ûtml aubnfc jby vbrmcs  pbrtmampbnt`s pcrqu` t` p`rhmt` bsminbr bsminbr tbr`bs, r`spcnsbol`s y hcnmtcr`br lcs bv bvbna`s, bna`s, `ntr` ctrbs abrbat`rèstmabs. Bi`nfb f` Iccil`; `s unb j`rrbhm`ntb s`namllb, p`rc huy h uy pcf`rcsb pbrb bfhmnmstrbr  tu tm`hpc. Lb bi`nfb f` Iccil` s` smnarcnmzb acn lb nuo` y acn `llb nc sclc pu`f`s bfhmnmstrbr tus r`unmcn`s, `nvmbr mnvmtbamcn`s y bsminbr uomabamcn`s b lbs hmshbs, smnc qu` t` p`rhmt` bsminbrt` b tm hmshc un glukc f` trbobkc qu` t` fb lb pcsmomlmfbf f` pr`supu`stbr y acntrclbr acnstbnt`h`nt` tu rmthc y lcs tm`hpcs f` `ntr`ib. Vbse; `s unb j`rrbhm`ntb huy s`namllb f` Iccil` pbrb ll`vbr lmstbs f` aj`qu`c, qu` t` p`rhmt` pcn`r suotbr`bs, blbrhbs y r`acrfbtcrmcs. E``p;  `s unb irbn j`rrbhm`ntb pbrb bnctbr bosclutbh`nt` tcfc lc qu` n`a`smt`s, f`sf` mf`bs, bpunt`s, mngcrhbamñn p`rscnbl f` au`ntbs y lmstbs f` fbtcs pbrb r`acrfbr. Tcfabst; `s unb plbtbgcrhb pbrb cèr tcfc tmpc f` pcfabsts, lc aubl lb acnvm`rt` `n unb j`rrbhm`ntb `s`nambl pbrb s`iumr bpr`nfm`nfc y ar`am`nfc tcfc `l tm`hpc. VbpQabnn`r; `s unb j`rrbhm`ntb smhpl` y pcf`rcsb, qu` t` p`rhmt` usbr lb aâhbrb f` tu a`lulbr achc `sabn`r, pu`s f`spuís f` qu` tchb lb gctc f` un fcauh`ntc, lc `naubfrb y `fmtb pbrb qu` pbr`zab `sabn`bfc. Huy r`ach`nfbfc pbrb `l hbn`kc f` fcauh`ntcs. Abnvb;  `s unb bplmabamñn pbrb lb `fmamñn f` mhâi`n`s y acnt`nmfcs pbrb r`f`s scambl`s, huy ûtml pbrb pcn`r `l`h`ntcs achc t`xtc y “`nibllbr‘ `l acnt`nmfc jbam`nfc qu` s` v`b hâs prc. @sarmtcrmc r`hctc;  `stb j`rrbhm`ntb t` p`rhmt` baa`f`r b tu achputbfcr f`sf` tu a`lulbr, lc aubl `s `sp`amblh`nt` ûtml aubnfc n`a`smtbs `nvmbrt` un brajmvc, r`vmsbr un fcauh`ntc, c mnalusc bpbibr tu achputbfcr b p`sbr f` `stbr l`kcs f`l hmshc. V@F;  achc prcobol`h`nt` huajcs f` ust`f`s yb sbo`n, `stb unb irbn gu`nt` f` ajbrlbs f` `xp`rtcs qu` bpcrtbn acncamhm`ntc y bpr`nfmzbk` `n p`qu`òbs fcsms, qu` t` fbn j`rrbhm`ntbs pbrb s`r un h`kcr s`r juhbnc. Cnlypult;  `st` smtmc w`o ncs p`rhmt` prcirbhbr acn fèb, jcrb, mhbi`n y t`xtc lbs  puolmabamcn`s f` Mnstbirbh, lc aubl ncs fb lmo`rtbf f` “s`iumr batmvc `n r`f`s‘, b  p`sbr f` `stbr `n fèbs f` f`sabnsc achc gmn`s gmn`s f` s`hbnb c vbabamcn`s. Gr``lbna`r.ach, Ppwcre.ach, T`cpl`p`rjcur.ach, Vcptbl.ach y Iuru.ach; tcfcs `stcs scn smtmcs w`o `n lcs qu` nc sclc pu`f`s cgr`a`r tus s`rvmamcs b nmv`l ilcobl, smnc `n lcs qu` pu`f`s `nacntrbr b ctrcs gr``lbna` qu` cgr`a`n s`rvmamcs qu` `stís n`a`smtbnfc, achc, pcr `k`hplc, un acntbfcr, un bocibfc, un fms`òbfcr, `ntr` hml`s.

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ABTÈVPLC :

LBQ ÒBTBQ Tlbylmst pbrb trbobkbr

Tlbylmst `n Qpctmgy pbrb trbobkbr 

Tlbylmst pbrb obkbr `l `strís

Tlbylmst `n Qpctmgy pbrb r`lbkbrt`

Vbol`rcs f` Tmnt`r`st pbrb `nibllbr tu `spbamc f` trbobkc

Vbol`rc f` Tmnt`r`st pbrb bhom`ntbr tu `spbamc f` trbobkc

@ntr`vmstbs acn ctrcs gr``lbna` f` fmstmntbs mnfustrmbs ] pbrb qu` nc t` qu`f`s sclc acn hms cpmnmcn`s scor` lc qu` sminmgmab s`r gr``lbna`, t` f`kc tr`s `ntr`vmstbs acn i`nt` qu` r`sp`tc huajc y qu` s` jb bom`rtc abhmnc acn íxmtc trbobkbnfc achc mnf`p`nfm`nt`s.

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_bgb`l Ibll`ic Imrblfc tm`n` un pbr f` bòmtcs hâs qu` yc, jb smfc gr``lbna` f`sf` jba` huajc tm`hpc y h` jb `ns`òbfc lb hbycrèb f` lc qu` sí c ar`c sbo`r.

³Añhc f`sarmo`s b lc qu` t` f`fmabs3 Qcy un scòbfcr qu` abfb v`z bt`rrmzb hâs. Trcfuzac mf`bs f` n`icamc tcfc `l fèb, f` lbs aubl`s unbs gunamcnbn y ctrbs nc. H` iustb `hpr`nf`r acn pcac fmn`rc c lc hènmhc n`a`sbrmc.

³Añhc ach`nzbst`3 F`spuís f` lb prâatmab achc achunmabfcr scambl, h` mnalmní pcr lb pbrt` ach`rambl. Bl  prmnampmc gu` furc f`spr`nf`rs` f` lb p`nb f` s`r “v`nf`fcr‘, p`rc lu`ic `nt`nfè qu`, achc ach`rambl, sm`hpr` s`rèb `l qu` h` pcnfrèb `l sblbrmc y h` qu`fí `n `l hunfc ach`rambl. Ousquí blmbfcs qu` h` i`n`rbrbn `hpbtèb y supm`rbn hâs qu` yc y `hp`aí b hcntbr `hpr`sbs.

³Tcr quí ach`nzbst`3 Tcr `l bgân f` vblmfbr lbs mf`bs qu` acnsmf`rbob qu` pcfrèbn s`r ou`ncs n`icamcs.

Tbrb tm ³quí sminmgmab s`r gr``lbna`3 L`iblh`nt` `s unb gbllb, f`omfc b qu` `stbhcs huy f`sprct`imfcs `n aubntc b f`r`ajcs lbocrbl`s. T`rc achc `hpr`nf`fcr, t` fb lb pcsmomlmfbf f` hcv`rt` `n vbrmcs `sa`nbrmcs qu` t` i`n`rbn mnir`scs.

³Ruí `s lc h`kcr f` s`r gr``lbna`3 Ru`, sm `r`s crf`nbfc, pu`f`s jba`r f` tu tm`hpc un mnsuhc qu` i`n`rb vblcr, `n lc `acnñhmac y `n tu ablmfbf f` vmfb. Tcr `k`hplc, pu`f`s t`n`r hmíracl`s f` hbsactbs y nc lbocrbr.

³Ruí `s lc “h`ncs ou`nc‘ f` s`r gr``lbna`3 Lb obkb prct`aamñn lbocrbl y lcs mhpu`stcs qu` t` bplmabn.

³Ruí t` juom`rb iustbfc sbo`r bnt`s f` ach`nzbr3 Lcs prca`scs f` acntrbtbamñn y lcs mhpu`stcs qu` t` bplmabn.

³Ruí t` iustbrèb sbo`r `n `st` hch`ntc c auâl `s tu hbycr r`tc3 ]b sí vbrmbs “acsmtbs‘, p`rc hm r`tc `s lcirbr lb scst`nmomlmfbf f` lbs `hpr`sbs pbrb buh`ntbr hm tm`hpc lmor`, smn f`kbr f` ar`br y i`n`rbr vblcr pbrb `llbs.

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³Ruí l` r`ach`nfbrèbs b unb p`rscnb qu` vb b ach`nzbr achc gr``lbna`3 Ru` bpbrt` f` s`r huy ou`nc `n lc qu` jba`, t`nib un irbn achprchmsc acn v`nf`r y i`n`rbr nu`vcs n`icamcs pbrb su prcy`atc.

³Ruí hmtcs acnsmf`rbs qu` jby `n tcrnc bl hunfc gr``lbna`3 Ru` s` trbobkb h`ncs. Ru` nc s` tm`n`n k`g`s. Ru` nc s` pu`f` unc p`nsmcnbr. Ru` jby qu` t`n`r cgmamnb.

³Ruí ar``s qu` nunab vb b pbsbr f` hcfb `n lcs n`icamcs3 Tbrb hè, lb pblborb y lb jcn`stmfbf (qu` nc sminmgmab s`r ococ). Ar`c qu` `sc `s blic qu` vm`n` f` hm gcrhbamñn `n absb, p`rc pbrb hè, fcrhmr trbnqumlc vbl` huajc.

@n tu cpmnmñn, ³auâl `s lb albv` pbrb t`n`r lcs r`sultbfcs `sp`rbfcs3 @l tm`hpc `s un irbn blmbfc, jba`r plbn`s y scor` tcfc scòbr. Tcn`rs` h`tbs sûp`r bltbs y blabnzbol`s `s ibrbntèb f` lcirbr tcfcs lcs fèbs p`qu`òbs h`tbs. ] sm jby bliûn `rrcr, ba`ptbrlc y s`iumr.

³Añhc hbn`kbs `l hm`fc b brrm`sibrt`3 c lc hbn`kc. Qmhpl`h`nt` h` mhbimnc lcs h`kcr`s y lcs p`cr`s `sa`nbrmcs, y sm blic gbllb, yb lc t`nèb acnt`hplbfc, bsè qu` `s blic qu` acnczac.

³Ruí `s lc qu` hâs birbf`a`s f` s`r gr``lbna`3 @l tm`hpc qu` puf` c pcfrí t`n`r acn lb i`nt` qu` qum`rc, `n lcs hch`ntcs qu` n`a`smtbn qu` unc `stí bjè. Ar`c qu` nmniunb `hpr`sb ba`ptbrèb qu` abhombrbs f` jcrbrmc c t` bus`ntbrbs un h`s. T`rc, ckc, `sc nc sminmgmab f`kbr f` prcfuamr. Q` trbtb f` cptmhmzbr `l tm`hpc.

³Pn ûltmhc acns`kc qu` qum`rbs f`kbr3 Q`r mnf`p`nfm`nt` `s un plbn f` vmfb qu` r`qum`r` gcrhbamñn, tm`hpc, bpr`nfmzbk`s y, scor` tcfc, ibnbs.

Kulmân _mabrfc Achobrmzb (_maey)  tm`n` unb vmsmñn hâs mnfustrmbl f` s`r  mnf`p`nfm`nt`, bnblmzb tcfc achc un prca`sc y bfhmrc qu` tchb f`amsmcn`s acn abo`zb grèb.

³Añhc f`sarmo`s b lc qu` t`mnf`p`nfm`nt` f`fmabs3 y acnsultcr `n r`abufbamñn f` gcnfcs y H` acnsmf`rc un mnv`rsmcnmstb batmvmfbf`s ach`rambl`s.

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³Añhc ach`nzbst`3 Vrbobkbnfc c, hâs om`n, `hpr`nfm`nfc f` lb gcrhb hâs s`namllb qu` jby, qu` `s acnsmium`nfc acntrbtcs f` prcfuatcs pbrb r`v`nf`rlcs c hbqumlbrlcs.

³Tcr quí ach`nzbst`3 Tcrqu` qu`rèb plbtb y `stbob huy kcv`n pbrb t`n`r un trbobkc gcrhbl `n aublqum`r luibr.

Tbrb tm ³quí sminmgmab s`r gr``lbna`3 @s t`n`r lb cpcrtunmfbf f` trbobkbr f`sf` tus `xp`atbtmvbs y abpbamfbf`s, `n blic qu` ar``s qu` pu`f`s jba`r om`n y qu` ctrcs n`a`smtbn, smn t`n`r qu` jba`r pbrt` f` unb `struaturb huy rcoustb achc unb `hpr`sb.

³Ruí `s lc h`kcr f` s`r gr``lbna`3 @l `st`r`ctmpc f` cribnmzbr tu tm`hpc, trbobkbr `n lc qu` hâs t` iustb, fbrl` prmcrmfbf b lc qu` hâs t` iustb y pcf`r qu`fbrt` acn tcfc lc qu` t` `ntrb. Achc fmrèb Nmaey Kbh, “smn t`n`r qu` fbrl` tu pclam`ntc b blium`n‘.

³Ruí `s lc “h`ncs ou`nc‘ f` s`r gr``lbna`3 Lb mna`rtmfuhor`, c nc, hâs om`n lb a`rt`zb f` qu` sm tû nc jba`s blic, nbfm` lc jbrâ pcr  tm. Nc jby nbfm` hâs qu` t` fmib “yc lc jbic‘. Qm t` achprch`tmst`, lc tm`n`s qu` jba`r.

³Ruí t` juom`rb iustbfc sbo`r bnt`s f` ach`nzbr3 Ru` jby hcf`lcs f` n`icamc qu`, smn tbntc `sgu`rzc, i`n`rbn huajcs mnir`scs, hm`ntrbs qu` jby ctrcs qu` r`qum`r`n hâs `sgu`rzc y i`n`rbn h`ncs mnir`scs. @ntcna`s `l truac `s `nacntrbr quí i`n`rb hâs r`ntb acn h`ncr `sgu`rzc f` lc qu` t` iustb jba`r.

³Ruí l` r`ach`nfbrèbs b unb p`rscnb qu` vb b ach`nzbr achc gr``lbna`3 Ru` bpr`nfb b v`nf`r, `n i`n`rbl. @n `l =0 pcr am`ntc f` lcs abscs, s`r gr``lbna` mhplmab s`r ach`rambl. ] nc `s sclc v`nf`r, smnc bpr`nf`r lbs acsbs oâsmabs f` lcs fmg`r`nt`s achpcn`nt`s f` un n`icamc, `s f`amr, sbo`r acntbomlmfbf, s`r kumamcsc bfhmnmstrbtmvbh`nt`, sbo`r `struaturbr prca`scs. Pnc tm`n` qu` s`r `xp`rtc `n lc qu` vb b cgr`a`r, y f`o` t`n`r prca`scs albrcs, pcrqu` achc mnf`p`nfm`nt` `r`s, `n ûltmhbs, unb `hpr`sb ajmqumtb. @ntcna`s sm, pcr `k`hplc, `r`s huy ou`nc fbnfc bs`scrèbs l`ibl`s,  p`rc nunab auhpl`s tm`hpcs, nc sbo`s actmzbr y t` fb p`nb v`nf`r, babob sm`nfc huy achpl`kc `nacntrbr alm`nt`s pbrb `sbs bs`scrèbs l`ibl`s…

³Ruí tmpc f`pbrb p`rgml y prcg`smcnbl f`sbrrcllbr s`rp`rscnbl un gr``lbna` `xmtcsc yar``s g`lmz3qu` `s n`a`sbrmc

#_chbntmaHccf... @nacntrbr un ncrt`, sbo`r quí t` hctmvb b trbobkbr y b jba`r lc qu` 246

 

`stâs jbam`nfc `s lb h`kcr gcrhb f` sbo`r `l pcr quí f` abfb acsb qu` vbs b ousabr `n tu trbobkc y tu guturc, y f` lc qu` qum`r`s c nc qum`r`s sbarmgmabr.

³Ruí hmtcs acnsmf`rbs qu` jby `n tcrnc bl hunfc gr``lbna`3 Ar`c qu` `l prmh`rc `s qu`, pbrb s`r gr``lbna`, sclc pu`f`s p`rt`n`a`r bl s`atcr ar`btmvc. Pn acntbfcr, hífmac, un brqumt`atc un fms`òbfcr pcr lcs hmshcs r`tcs b lb jcrbunf`bocibfc, trbobkbr un achc mnf`p`nfm`nt`s. @l ys`iunfc `s qu`pbsbn s`r mnf`p`nfm`nt` t` vb b fbr sm`hpr` lb lmo`rtbf f` jba`r lc qu` qum`rbs, `n `l hch`ntc qu` qum`rbs.

³Pn ûltmhc acns`kc qu` qum`rbs f`kbr3 Qm achc acnsuhmfcr`s gbvcr`a`hcs `l f`sbrrcllc f` lcs `hpr`nfmhm`ntcs mnf`p`nfm`nt`s y bpcybhcs y acnsuhmhcs sus prcfuatcs y s`rvmamcs, `n luibr f` lcs f` lbs irbnf`s acrpcrbamcn`s y `hpr`sbs, `ntcna`s t`nfr`hcs unb fmstrmouamñn hâs `qumtbtmvb f` lcs r`aurscs, `ntr` tcfbs lbs p`rscnbs qu` `stân fmspu`stbs b trbobkbr pcr  `llcs.

Fbnnb Imrblfc Nbrbnkc trbobkb `n un t`hb acrpcrbtmvc, huy fmg`r`nt` b hm acnt`xtc f` mnfustrmbs ar`btmvbs, vmv` `n Ocictâ y acnsmf`rc qu` `s huy t`sb y s` jb j`ajc unb r`putbamñn b pulsc.

³Añhc f`sarmo`s b lc qu` t` f`fmabs3 Jba` pcac hâs f` tr`s bòcs bs`scrc y acnstruyc, kuntc acn lbs cribnmzbamcn`s, fcs rbhbs f` trbobkc; i`r`namb pbrb `l f`sbrrcllc `strbtíimac y r`lbamcn`s y achunmabamñn. Vrbobkc  prmnampblh`nt` acn cribnmzbamcn`s scambl`s c smn ânmhc f` luarc y acn bliunbs `hpr`sbs  prmvbfbs. @l cok`tmvc `s ll`vbr b lbs cribnmzbamcn`s smn ânmhc f` luarc lbs `strbt`imbs, j`rrbhm`ntbs y gcrhbs f` trbobkc c i`stmñn f` lbs `hpr`sbs prmvbfbs, acn `l gmn f` gcrtbl`a`rlbs.

³Añhc y pcr quí ach`nzbst`3 c `s qu` un fèb h` l`vbntbrb p`nsbnfc “jcy qum`rc s`r gr``lbna`‘. Ll`vbob un tm`hpc  ousabnfc cpamcn`s f` trbobkc, `n `sp`ambl pcrqu` qu`rèb s`ntmrh` r`tbfb y huajcs  pu`stcs tm`nf`n b s`r huy cp`rbtmvcs. Bsè qu` ousabnfc y ousabnfc, un bhmic h` jbolñ un fèb f` unb cpcrtunmfbf achc `xt`rnb `n unb `hpr`sb y `nvmí hm jckb f` vmfb. Baâ f`oc s`r huy jcn`stb, nc t`nèb mf`b f` b quí h` `ngr`ntbob nm f`l abhomc qu` v`nèb bl vclv`rh` gr``lbna`.

Tbrb tm, ³quí sminmgmab s`rhcfblmfbf gr``lbna`3 ]c sm`ntc qu`, hâs qu` unb f` trbobkc, `s un `stmlc f` vmfb, `n `l qu` unc `s unb `hpr`sb unmp`rscnbl. Pn ou`n gr``lbna`, unc qu` lcir` f`stbabrs`, vb huajc hâs

240

 

bllâ f`l prcfuatc c âr`b tíanmab `n `l qu` s` f`s`hp`òb. Vm`n`s qu` sbo`r f` mnt`lmi`namb `hcamcnbl, gmnbnzbs, r`lbamcn`s, achunmabamñn, f` tcfc. @n lb prâatmab unc s` vu`lv` un  stbe`-jclf`r  hâs  hâs f` unb `hpr`sb.

³Ruí `s lc h`kcr f` s`r gr``lbna`3 Jby un hcntñn f` acsbs, p`rc `sjby`l fcs qu` yc s`iurbh`nt` tcfcs tm`n`n covmbh`nt`, pr`s`nt`s. Pnb hbn`kc f`lf`stbac tm`hpc;`n sm`sp`ambl om`n `sy qu` unb r`spcnsbomlmfbf sûp`r irbnf` pbrb hè, y ar`c qu` pbrb huajcs, `s un o`n`gmamc, pu`s sm b lbs = b.h. qum`rc mr bl imhnbsmc c s`ntbrh` b tchbr abgí acn unb bhmib, lc pu`fc jba`r, sm`hpr` y aubnfc t`nib pr`s`nt` qu` f`oc `ntr`ibr `l trbobkc qu` prch`tè. Lb s`iunfb `s qu` t` vu`lv`s unb p`rscnb hultmfmsamplmnbrmb, `n `sp`ambl `n `l âhomtc `n `l qu` yc h` hu`vc, `l t`hb f` acnsultcrèb cribnmzbamcnbl, sm`ntc qu` t` ll`nbs f` acncamhm`ntc y t` `nrmqu`a`s b nmv`l p`rscnbl y prcg`smcnbl.

³Ruí `s lc “h`ncs ou`nc‘ f` s`r gr``lbna`3 Hhh... yc fmrèb qu` `l t`hb f` `stbol`a`r r`lbamcn`s. B hè p`rscnblh`nt` h` fmc huy furc pbsbr f` fcnf` unb cribnmzbamñn y ll`nb f` `lbhmics, trbobkbr achcb mnf`p`nfm`nt`, `stâs tû sclc huy `n tu bom`rtb absb. Bun bsè, acn tm`hpc bunc achm`nzb bormrs` y acnca`r b ctrcs acnsultcr`s y p`rscnbs, y s` bor`n nu`vbs cpcrtunmfbf`s, y bunqu` t` pu`f` jba`r gbltb `l bhom`nt` f` trbobkc, lb gm`stb f` gmn f` bòc, `l ajmst` y f`hâs, achm`nzbs b f`sbrrcllbrt` `n ctrbs fmr`aamcn`s. Bun bsè, sm`ntc qu` `s` `s un t`hb t`sc.

³Ruí t` juom`rb iustbfc sbo`r bnt`s f` ach`nzbr3 ¡Vbntbs acsbs! Bunqu` tuv` lb su`rt` f` qu` h` fm`rcn huajcs acns`kcs bl ach`nzbr, tbhomín jby huajbs ctrbs qu` gu`rcn scrpr`sb, achc lb r`t`namñn `n lb gu`nt`, c qu` t`nèb qu` pbibr yc hmshb hm s`iurmfbf scambl, c `l añfmic f`l _PV y añhc pbsbr unb au`ntb f` acorc, pcrqu` unc vm`n` bacstuhorbfc b qu` l` `ntrb `l sblbrmc y yb.

³Ruí t` iustbrèb sbo`r `n `st` hch`ntc c auâl `s tu hbycr r`tc3 ]c ar`c qu` hm hbycr r`tc `s s`iumr pcsmamcnânfch` achc hbrab, bl gmn y bl aboc, abfb  p`rscnb `s unb hbrab hb rab prcpmb. @n hm absc scy huy kcv`n y trbobkc acn p`rscnbs f` hâs `xp`rm`namb y qu`, s`iurbh`nt`, tm`n`n hâs gcrhbamñn babfíhmab. @ntcna`s, ll`ibr b jba`r unb acnsultcrèb y lcirbr qu` t` ar`bn lc qu` r`achm`nfbs, y qu` acnsmf`r`n vâlmfcs tus armt`rmcs y cpmnmcn`s, au`stb un pcac.

³Ruí l` r`ach`nfbrèbs b unb p`rscnb qu` vb b ach`nzbr achc gr``lbna`3 Fmrèb qu` lc hâs mhpcrtbnt` `s ar``r `n tus armt`rmcs, tus cpmnmcn`s y `n tm hmshc, y sbo`r  auânfc sbo`s blic y auânfc f`o`s ba`ptbr qu` nc t` lbs sbo`s tcfbs. Jby qu` p`nsbr qu`

nm tû nm lcs f`hâs tm`n`n tcfc `l acncamhm`ntc. @n `sp`ambl aubnfc `r`s kcv`n, ar`c qu` 247

 

jby qu` `nacntrbr un oblbna` `ntr` nc f`kbrs` bh`fr`ntbr y tbhpcac f`kbr f` `sauajbr y bpr`nf`r.

³Ruí hmtcs acnsmf`rbs qu` jby `n tcrnc bl hunfc f`l gr``lbna`3 F` prcntc jby hmtcs achc qu` schcs vbics, qu` nc t`n`hcs k`g`s, qu` ncs vbhcs b hcrmr f` f` jbhor`, alm`nt`s ncsh`fmc, `stân jbam`nfc un gbvcr.qu` Hm lcs r`ach`nfbamñn `s rcf`brs` i`nt`qu` qu`lcs `stí `n `st` acn `xp`rm`namb, byuf`, l`s fí acns`kcs, pcrqu` sm`hpr` jborâ acsbs qu` nc s`pbs.

³Pn ûltmhc acns`kc qu` qum`rbs f`kbr3 Hm acns`kc `s qu` t` f`s tu luibr, qu` pcnibs om`n tus acnfmamcn`s y qu` s`pbs auâl`s scn tus lèhmt`s.

249

 

L`aturbs r`ach`nfbfbs Añhc i`n`rbr mf`bs f` Kbae Gcst`r 

@st` `s un lmorc obstbnt` ou`nc pbrb f`sbrrcllbr jbomlmfbf`s ar`btmvbs, pbrb p`nsbr  fmg`r`nt` `, mnalusc, pbrb `ntr`t`n`rs` l`y`nfc irbambs b su nbrrbtmvb y `k`hplcs. Ar`btmvbH@NV@  f`  f` Kubn Fm`ic Tbrrb F.

@st` lmorc jbolb f`sf` lb pbrt` am`ntègmab y t`ñrmab f` lb ar`btmvmfbf y ncs fb lua`s `n auântc b añhc `stmhulbrlb y f`sbrrcllbrlb.  V`ajnmqu` gcr Trcfuamni Mf`bs f` Kbh`s Yccf ]cuni

Pn alâsmac f` lb ar`btmvmfbf, `sarmtc pcr un puolmamstb f` huajb `xp`rm`namb y f`sf` un `ngcqu` prâatmac. ] tm`n` un plus, `s suhbh`nt` acrtc. “Abtâlcic Emaestbrt‘ f` pr`iuntbs Emaestbrtb fmspbrbrt` nu`vbs mf`bs y gcrhbs f` v`r  @s un s`t f` abrtbs acn pr`iuntbs f` f`stmnbfbs lcs r`tcs, lbs smtubamcn`s y lbs pbrbfckbs qu` s` pr`s`ntbn `n `l fèb b fèb.  f` Bl`xbnf`r Cst`rwblf`r ` ]v`s Tmin`ur   Fms`òbnfc tu prcpu`stb prcpu`stb f` vblcr  f` @st` `s un lmorc obstbnt` ou`nc y vmsulbhn`t` birbfbol` pbrb f`sbrrcllbr lb prcpu`stb f` vblcr f` tu cg`rtb.

24:

 

HMIP@L TBLBAMC OB__M@NVCQ

@s gctñirbgc, mnv`stmibfcr f` h`rabfcs y acnsultcr. F`sf` jba` hâs f` amnac bòcs fmatb acng`r`nambs scor` `hpr`nfmhm`ntc, r`blmzb acnsultcrèbs f` v`ntbs y h`rabf`c. Jb r`blmzbfc trbobkcs f` bs`scrèb pbrb Qurbh`rmabnb, Fm`s`l, Bh`rmabnmnc y Acch`vb, `ntr` ctrbs `hpr`sbs. Jb `nacntrbfc `n `l trbobkc mnf`p`nfm`nt` lb h`kcr hbn`rb pbrb r`blmzbr vbrmbs batmvmfbf`s prcg`smcnbl`s smn n`a`smfbf f` `hpl`brs` `n blic gmkc. @st` lmorc `s grutc f` su `xp`rm`namb y f` lc qu` fèb b fèb ctrcs gr``lbna` s` ba`rabn b pr`iuntbrl` scor` añhc bfhmnmstrbr h`kcr  su gcrhb f` trbobkbr.

CV_CQ VÈVPLCQ F@ LB ACL@AAMÑN  Mf`bs hmllcnbrmbs. hmllcnbrmbs. 66 `strbt`imbs qu` abhombrân abhombrân tu vmfb  H`ncs hm`fcs hâs rmqu`zbs. rmqu`zbs.  Tbrb quí abhmnbr sm sm pu`f`s vclbr   Jâomtcs f` rmacs. Nu`vbs Nu`vbs mf`bs pbrb blabnzbr lb lmo`rtbf gmnbnam`r  Kubn Fm`ic Iñh`z

G`lmamfbf b pru`ob f` cgmamnbs.

24=

 

`hcamcnbl pbrb juhbncs `n `fbf prcfuatmv`  Qup`rvmv`namb `hcamcnbl Qylvmb _bhèr`z

 Mnqu`orbntbol`. Vu Vu iuèb pbrb lcirbr lb lmo`rtbf gmnbnam`r   Fmn`rc; fchmnb `l ku`ic. ku`ic. Añhc blabnzbr lb lmo`rtbf gmnbnam`rb gmnbnam`rb `n 9 pbscs Vcny _coomns

Iuèb pbrb nc `stbr p`lbfc Abhmlc W`ib Obrocsb

224

 

222

 

Ènfma` Tâimnb f`l tètulc Acpyrmijt

? 1

V Mnbtorclbfufa`aamñcnn;t`@nlmfs`car`tc pbrb ll`ibr prmh`rc `s... Ach`nzbr Abpètulc 2; Lc qu` nc s` v` `n mnstbirbh; hmtcs y r`blmfbf`s f` s`r  gr``lbna` Abpètulc ?; Abl`ntbnfc hctcr`s Abpètulc 1; F`l âobac bl `xa`l; acstcs, gmnbnzbs y añhc r`nfmr lb  pbpmtb Abpètulc 6; Alm`nt`s y ctrbs armbturbs hmtclñimabs Abpètulc 0; Lb fmbn y ctrcs hcnstrucs h cnstrucs mhbimnbrmcs; bsp`atcs l`ibl`s y trmoutbrmcs oâsmacs Abpètulc 7; ]b nc jby `xausbs; tbll`r prâatmac f` añhc y pcr fñnf` brrbnabr  Abpètulc 9; Lb obrn`y oclsb f`l gr``lbna` Abpètulc :; Lbs òbpbs Acntrbpcrtbfb

07 2? ?? 02 76 :1 =6 == 242 222