Sentence_Structure_Types.ppt

Sentence Structure: Sentence Types

Sentence Types

• Simple • Compound • Complex • Compound-Complex

Basic Elements of Every Sentence

SUBJECT

PREDICATE

Basic Elements SUBJECT

PREDICATE

Mary

plays tennis. tennis.

Simple Sentence

Simple Sentence •

A simple sent sentence ence has one subject and one predicate.

Simple Sentence Observe how a simple sentence s entence is constructed:

We went to San Juan yesterday.

Simple Sentence

Pronoun

Verb

Prepositional phrase

We went to San Juan .

Simple subject

Complete predicate

SIMPLE SENTENCE SUBJECT

PREDICATE

Mary

plays tennis.

one subject

one predicate

Simple Sentenc Sentence e

Tom and Mary

Compound Subject &

play tennis.

Simple Sentenc Sentence e

Tom and Mary

Compound Subject &

play tennis and swim.

Compound Predicate &

SIMPLE SENTENCE it! compound su"#ect

Tom and Mary play tennis.

SIMPLE SENTENCE it! compound su"#ect and compound predicate

Tom and  Mary  Mary play tennis and  swim.

Compound Sent Sentence ence

Compound Sent Sentence ence •

A compound sentence has more than one part that can stand alone (independent clauses).

• Independent coordinang

clauses

are

conjuncons, conjuncons,

adverbss or a semi-colon. adverb

connected

by

conjuncve

Compound Sent Sentence ence

We went to San Juan, and most of us danced all night.

Compound Sent Sentence ence Subject

Verb

Prepositional phrase

We went to San Juan, Predicate

Coordinating Conjunction

and most of us danced all night . Subject

Verb

Modifying phrase

Compound Sent Sentence ence $se of Coordina Coordina%n& %n& Con#unc%ons

SUBJECT

SUBJECT

PREDICATE

PREDICATE

Compound Sent Sentence ence Tom

swims,

and

Mary

plays tennis.

C'MP'$N( SENTENCE: COORDINATING COORDINA TING CONJUNCTIONS

FOR AND NOR BUT OR YET SO

C'MP'$N( SENTENCE: COORDINATING COORDINA TING CONJUNCTIONS

Tom swims, swims, and and Mary  Mary plays tennis. Clause 1 Independent

Clause 2 Independent

C'MP'$N( SENTENCE: COORDINATING COORDINA TING CONJUNCTIONS

Tom swims, swims, and Mary plays tennis. Comma before “and” in compound sentences!

C'MP'$N( SENTENCE: CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

MOREOVER HOWEVER OTHERWISE THEREFORE

C'MP'$N( SENTENCE: CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Bob is handsome; handsome ; moreover mor eover,, he is rich. Clause 1 Independent

Clause 2 Independent

C'MP'$N( SENTENCE: CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Bob is handsome; handsome; moreover , he is rich.

Note: Semicolon before conjunctive adverb and comma after conjunctive adverb!

Con#unc%ve )dver"s *+oat, • Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes called “foating” adverbs because they can be positioned at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end o a clause.

C'N$NCTI.E )(.E/B:  AT  A T THE BEGINNING, BEGINNING, IN THE THE MIDDLE,AT MIDDLE,AT THE END

Bob is handsome; handsome ; moreover, he moreover, he is rich. Bob is handsome; he is, is , moreover , rich.  Bob is handsome; he is rich, rich , moreover .

Semicolons • “I the relation between the ideas expressed in the main clauses is very close and obvious without a conjunction, you can separate the clauses with a semicolon” Little,  Little, Brown Handbook, 9th Edition, p. 361).

C'MP'$N( SENTENCE: SEMICOLON 

Tom has benefited from his exercise program;; he is slim and energetic . program

Comple Sentence

Comple Sentence •   A comple sentence has at least t!o parts" one that can stand alone and another one that cannot

• #he part that cannot stand alone is lin$ed to

the

rest

o%

the

sentence

subordinang conjuncon

by

a

Comple Sentence Since my boyfriend and I wanted to have fun, we went to San Juan yesterday.

Comple Sentence Since we wanted to have fun, fun, Subordinating Conjunction

Part that cannot stand alone Subject

Predicate

we went to San Juan yesterday. yesterday.

Complex Sentence SUBJECT

PREDICATE even though

SUBJECT

PREDICATE

Complex Sentence Bob

is popular even though

he

is ugly.

C'MPLE0 SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING SUBORDINA TING CONJUNCTIONS

The most common subordinating conjunctions are "after," "although,"

"as," "because," "before," "how," "if," "once," "since," "than," "that," though," "till," "until," "when," "where," "whether,” and while."

C'MPLE0 SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING SUBORDINA TING CONJUNCTIONS

Bob is popular even though he though  he is ugly. Clause 1 Clause 2 Independent Dependent

C'MPLE0 SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING SUBORDINA TING CONJUNCTIONS

Even though Bob though  Bob is ugly, he ugly,  he is popular. Clause 1

Clause 2

Dependent   Dependent

Independent

Compound-Comple Sentence

Compound-Complex Sentence •

#his type o% sentence has more than one part that can stand alone, and at least one that cannot.

• Conjuncons lin$ the di&erent parts o% this sentence.

Compound-Comple Sentence Since we wanted to have fun, my boyfriend and I went to San Juan yesterday, and we danced all night.

Compound-Complex Sentence Subordinating Conjunction

Since we wanted to have fun, fun, Part that cannot stand alone

my boyfriend and I went to San Juan, Coordinating Conjunction

Subject

Predicate

and we danced all night. night.

Compound-Complex Sent Sentence ence Mike

is popular because

he

is good looking,

but

he

is not very happy.

Exercises Say if t!e folloin& sentences are: Simple1 compound1 complex or compound-complex2

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)nsers 32 Complex 42 Simple 72 Compound ;2 Compound