Sendai Medhiateque

ARCH 407 Construction & Management CASE STUDY : Sendai Mediatheque, Toyo Ito

Group: 10 Adnan Rasul Syafikah Saifuddin Ben Simpson Maarek Tammeorg

Sendai Mediatheque, Toyo Ito

Sendai Mediatheque 2‐1, Kasuga‐machi, Aoba‐ku Sendai‐shi 980‐0821 Japan Built: 1997‐2000 Architect: Toyo Ito & Associates Structural Engineer: Sasaki Structural Consultants Mechanical Engineers: ES Associates, Sogo Consultants, and Otaki E&M Consultants Light Design: Light Design Inc. General Contractor: JV of Kumagi, of  Kumagi, Takenaka, Ando, and Hashimoto Site Area: 3,948.72 m2 Building Area: 2,933.12 m2 Total Floor Area: 21, 682.15 m2 Structure : Steel and Frame Scale : 9 Stories

Concept

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  Architects Intentions:

I want not to create together  I want not to create beams I want not to create walls I want not to create room I want not to create architecture

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  Flexible and adaptable space

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  Main concept ‐ Plate, Tube, Skin

Location •

  Interaction with immediate surroundings

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  Dense urban context

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  Relatively low rise surrounding buildings

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  Little overshadowing

Q1. What were the key passive design strategies used in by the architect in the design?

Passive Design Strategies – Orientation & Organization

Predominant SE wind

Passive Design Strategies – Orientation & Organization

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  Building orientated on East‐ West axis

Secondary areas

  Secondary areas to the north   Frequently used public and open areas to the south

Primary areas

Level +5

Passive Design Strategies – Acoustic barriers

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  Double skin façade to reduce noise pollution   Vegetation acting as a natural acoustic barrier

Passive Design Strategies – Ventilation

Double Skin Facade •

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  Used for passive ventilation purposes   Thermal blanket – trapping air

Passive Design Strategies – Ventilation Tubes •

  Tubes used natural ventilation

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  Active climate control system

Active ventilationsystem

Passive ventilation system

Passive Design Strategies – Daylighting

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  Lightwells

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  Free façade

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  Sunlight tracking system

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  Lighting characteristics based on function

Thermal Passive Design Strategies – Double skin façade (South)

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  Double Skin

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  Reduction in solar gain

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  Thermal barrier

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  Artificial Acoustic barrier

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  Glass fins used to retain transparency and maximise daylighting

Thermal Passive Design Strategies ‐ Solar Shading West Facade The west side facade, which faces another plot, is opaque, coated with a metal frame that reveals the emergency stairs

Thermal Passive Design Strategies ‐ Solar Shading East Facade The east facade of the building has a series of different facade finishes depending upon use inside the building. These finishes give a different quality to the daylight inside each floor.

Q2. Provide examples of construction techniques that were used for this purpose?

Construction Techniques – Roof (Ventilation) •

  Secondary non‐structural roof 

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  Photovoltaic panels

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  Defines overall building height

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  Used for natural ventilation purposes

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  Honeycomb structure disrupting wind flow

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Constuction Technique ‐ The Tubes •

  Tubes acts as key structure for the building

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  Tubes contain all vertical circulation

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  Allows for natural ventilation

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  Tubes as lightwells

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  Free organisation  – tubes as part of the space

Structure and loads

Q3. What design steps might be used in order to integrate these passive design strategies into your design practices?

Construction techniques to adopt – Multifunctional columns

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  Structural

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  Vertical circulation

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MEP Services   Daylighting

Structure

Vertical Circulation

MEP

Daylighting

Construction techniques to adopt – Double skin facade

Advantages:

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  Insulation against temperature extremes

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  Acoustic Barrier

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  Control of solar gain

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  Increased glazing area to maximise daylight in the building

Construction techniques to adopt – Future proofing for earthquakes •

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  Lightweight structure   Optimised building height for earthquake proofing   Damping mechanism – absorbs 70 percent of  seismic energy.

Construction techniques to adopt – Parametric design

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  Allows for lean design   Optimise design solutions for maximum occupant comfort

Summary : Key passive design strategies used

Natural Ventilation

Daylighting

Orientation

Internal Organization

Secondary areas

Primary areas