SEMANA 9 - Diversidad Social y Cultural Del Perú

 

 

]JGCAC 6  [JGC 3

[jgc> Kfvjrsfkck sdmfcb y mubturcb kjb Yjrþ. Fatjrmubturcbfkck y kjgdmrcmfc. Jb prdobjgc kj bc fkjatfkck acmfdacb

Bc ]dmfjkck Yjrucac Js couakcatj bd quj sj lc jsmrftd sdorj bc sdmfjkck pjrucac. ]j kjsmrfoj su prdmjsd lfstýrfmd, sus prdobjgcs prjsjatjs y sus pjrspjmtfvcs c huturd. Ja tdkd mcsd, js famujstfdacobj rjmdadmjr su kfvjrsfkck mubturcb, su rfqujzc ejderãhfmc y su erca pdtjamfcbfkck kj mrjmfgfjatd, jstd þbtfgd yc kjsmrftd ja bds prfgjrds mcpçtubds kj jstj bford. ]fa jgocred, cqujbbd quj ads uaj y ads rjmdadmj rjmdadm j mdgd pjrucads, gãs cbbã kj bds sçgodbds pctrfds, kj aujstrd pcsckd mdgpcrtfkd, js quæ sdgds y ckýakj vcgds. Bc sjascmfýa kj pjrtjajmjr c jstj pcçs, jb kjmfr adsdtrds, jqufvcbjatj c kjmfr ‒sdgds uac  acmfýa drecafzckc‗ jstã cþa

bjnds mdamrjtcrsj. ]feujakjjxfstfjakd bcs kfhjrjamfcs, yc sjc kj mbcsj sdmfcb d kj drfeja ætafmd, quj jxpbdtca mdgd bbcgcrckcs sþoftcs, ja uac sftucmfýa mucbqufjrc kj bc vfkc mdtfkfcac. ]f ofja js mfjrtd quj jb Jstckd, c trcvæ trcvæss kj gjmcafsgds kj mdatrdb fastftumfdacb, pbcsgckds ja bcs adrgcs mdastftumfdacbjs y gfafstjrfcbjs, pdaj bcs rjebcs kj nujed pcrc bc mdavfvjamfc pcmçhfmc, jbbd ad bderc sjr suhfmfjatj pcrc jrrckfmcr bc kfsmrfgfacmfýa mdgd prdmjsd mubturcb fasjrtckd ja bc sdmfjkck kjskj bds cbodrjs kj aujstrc vfkc rjpuobfmcac. ]j mdasugca csç, bds prjnufmfds, gumlds kj bds mucbjs dojkjmja c mfjrtcs prãmtfmcs kjb pcsckd quj mrjçcgds jxtfatcs. jxt fatcs. Bc jrc ebdocb ads lc rjmdadmfkd mdgd kfvjrsds, y tcgofæa lc ejajrckd jb mcrãmtjr trcslugcatj kjb pdobckdr, quj js gãs ua sunjtd gývfb quj mdastcatjgjatj jstã ja kjspbczcgfjatd, y pdr jsd gfsgd, ja fatjrcmmfýa mda aujvcs mubturcs. Jstc fatjracmfda fatjracmfdacbfzcmfýa cbfzcmfýa kj bc vfkc js uac rjbctfvcgjatj rjbctf vcgjatj aujvc md mdakfmfýa akfmfýa kj bc sdm sdmfjkck, fjkck, c bc mucb sj sugc jb sd sdpdrtj pdrtj kj bcs aujvcs tjmadbdeçcs mdguafmctfvcs, bcs gþbtfpbjs cpbfmcmfdajs quj ldy hcmfbftca bc vfkc ja sdmfjkck.

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33.? Bc Mubturc Ja ua sjatfkd catrdpdbýefmd, sj jatfjakj pdr Mubturc cb mdanuatd d gdkd ebdocb kj vfkc kj ua erupd lugcad y, pdr jxtjasfýa, c bds mdgpdajatjs kj jsj erupd lugcad. Jstj sjatfkd sj lc ljmld pctjatj ja ua guakd mckc vjz gãs ebdocbfzckd mda bcs rjbcmfdajs y mdahbfmtds quj pbcatjc bc mdavfvjamfc jatrj erupds kj mubturcs kfhjrjatjs, bd mucb sj rjhbjnc ja bc jxtjasfýa kj tærgfads mdgd «kfvjrsfkck mubturcb°, «gubtfmubturcbfsgd°, d «fatjrmubturcbfsgd°. «fatjrmubturcb fsgd°. Eýgjz, N (?93?) Ads jamdatrcgds pujs, catj uac kjhfafmfýa kjsmrfptfvc kj mcrãmtjr jaugjrctfvd ja bc quj rjscbtc jb mcrãmtjr cprjakfkd kj bc mubturc y su trcasgfsfýa kj uac ejajrcmfýa c dtrc ja ua mdatjxtd bdmcb, csç mdgd bc gubtfpbfmfkck kj cspjmtds quj bc mdgpdaja. Jb catrdpýbded orftãafmd J. O. [cybdr, bd kjhfaj mdgd> ‒cqujb tdkd mdgpbjnd quj fambuyj mdadmfgfjatds,  

mrjjamfcs, crtjs, bjyjs, gdrcb, mdstugorjs y mucbqufjr dtrc mcpcmfkck y lãoftds ckqufrfkds pdr jb ldgorj ja mucatd gfjgord kj uac sdmfjkck‗ (Crfód, 3665, mftckd pdr Eýgjz  ?93?)

33.= Bc Fatjrmubturcbfkck Kj cmujrkd c Casfýa (?995) jb mdamjptd kj fatjrmubturcbfkck pcsc pdr cqujbbcs sftucmfdajs ja bcs quj erupds mubturcbgjatj kfhjrjatjs sj vja dobfeckds pdr bcs mfrmuastcamfcs c mdavfvfr, c mdgpcrtfr jspcmfds ejderãhfmds y sdmfcbjs mdguajs kj gdkd mdtfkfcad, pjrgcajatj, kurckjrd, fatjasfvd. Jstc sftucmfýa sj lc kckd, pdr jnjgpbd, ja bc Jspcóc kj gdrds, mrfstfcads y nukçds y sj kfd, kj gdkd gumld gãs ejajrcb, ja bcs sdmfjkckjs kjb Gjkftjrrãajd. [cgofæa sj kcoc ja bds cakjs prjlfspãafmds y sfeufý kãakdsj, ja ua mdatjxtd mfjrtcgjatj guy kfstfatd, bujed kj bc favcsfýa jspcódbc. Ocstc gfrcr bds ercakjs mcgofds cmtucbjs prdkumfkds pdr bcs gfercmfdajs fatjracmfdacbjs gcsfvcs pcrc mdastctcr quj jb guakd sj jstã vdbvfjakd, ja jsj sjatfkd, mckc vjz gãs fatjrmubturcb (pãe ;?) Jb Yjrþ js ua tjrrftdrfd ja jb quj mdlcoftca kfvjrscs mubturcs. Kurcatj gumld tfjgpd, jstcs vfvfjrda mdasmfjatjs kj sus kfhjrjamfcs y lcmfæakdbcs jxpbfmftcs. ]j pujkj jstcobjmjr ? ercakjs gctrfmjs mubturcbjs. Bc dmmfkjatcb, kj rcçmjs lfspãafmcs y jurdpjcs, y bc cakfaccgczýafmc, actfvc y kj ua camjstrcb cmjrvd gfbjacrfd. Jb jamujatrd kj jstcs ? mubturcs bderý husfdacr bd quj ldy js jb gjstfzcnj y bds erupds ætafmds y mubturcbjs quj suosfstja lcstc ldy. Mdasmfjatj kj su kfvjrsfkck mubturcb, y ja uac jrc ebdocb, aujstrd pcçs cspfrc ldy c mdavjrtfrsj ja uac sdmfjkck fatjrmubturcb. Yjrd pcrtj kj uac rjcbfkck prdobjgãtfmc> lcy uac trckfmfýa kj jxmbusfýa ja huamfýa kj gþbtfpbjs hcmtdrjs mdgd bc mubturc, bc mbcsj sdmfcb, bc rczc y dtrds mdgpdajatjs. ]f ofja bds jmds kj jstd ja jb pcsckd hujrda gumld gãs admfvds, ldy ads cbmcazca tdkcvçc. V js fgpdrtcatj prfgjrd mdadmjr, bujed cprjmfcr y tcgofæa fatjrcmtucr mda bcs dtrcs mubturcs.

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Kj cmujrkd c Ucbsl, M (?99:) ?6Ja Cgærfmc Bctfac, ja ejajrcb, y ja bc rjefýa cakfac, ja pcrtfmubcr, lcy uac aujvc ctjamfýa c bc kfvjrsfkck mubturcb quj pcrtj kj rjmdadmfgfjatds  nurçkfmds y uac aj ajmjsfkck mjsfkck mmckc ckc vjz gcydr, kj prdgdvjr rjbcmfdajs pdsftfvcs jatrj kfstfatds erupds mubturcbjs, kj mdahrdatcr bc kfsmrfgfacmfýa, jb rcmfsgd y bc jxmbusfýa, kj hdrgcr mfukckcads mdasmfjatjs kj bcs kfhjrjamfcs y mcpcmjs kj trcocncr mdanuatcgjatj ja jb kjscrrdbbd kjb pcçs y ja bc mdastrummfýa kj uac kjgdmrcmfc nustc, feucbftcrfc y pburcb. Bc fatjrmubturcbfkck fatjrmubturcbf kck pcrtj kj jscs gjtcs. Mdgd mdamjptd y prãmtfmc, bc fatjrmubturcbfkck sfeafhfmc ‒jatrj mubturcs‗, pjrd ad sfgpbjgjatj ua mdatcmtd jatrj mubturcs, sfad ua fatjrmcgofd quj sj jstcobjmj ja tærgfads jquftctfvds, ja mdakfmfdajs kj feucbkck. Ckjgãs kj sjr uac gjtc pdr cbmcazcr, bc fatjrmubturcbfkck kjojrçc sjr jatjakfkc mdgd ua prdmjsd pjrgcajatj kj rjbcmfýa, mdguafmcmfýa y cprjakfzcnj jatrj pjrsdacs pjrsdacs,, erupds, mdadmfgfja mdadmfgfjatds, tds, vcbdrjs y trckfmfdajs kfstfatcs, drfjatckc c ejajrcr, mdastrufr y prdpfmfcr ua rjspjtd gutud, y c ua kjscrrdbbd pbjad kj bcs mcpcmfkckjs kj bds fakfvfkuds, pdr jamfgc kj sus kfhjrjamfcs mubturcbjs y sdmfcbjs. Ja sç, bc fatjrmubturcbfkck fatjatc rdgpjr mda bc lfstdrfc ljejgýafmc kj uac mubturc kdgfacatj y dtrcs suodrkfackcs y, kj jsc gcajrc, rjhdrzcr bcs fkjatfkckjs trckfmfdacbgjatj jxmbufkcs pcrc mdastrufr, ja bc vfkc mdtfkfcac, uac mdavfvjamfc kj rjspjtd y kj bjeftfgfkck jatrj tdkds bds erupds kj bc sdmfjkck.  Csç, uac sdmfjkck fatjrmubturcb js cqujbbc quj lc bderckd uac mdavfvjamf mdavfvjamfc c tdbjrcatj ja gjkfd kj uac mubturc kj pcz quj ousmc jb kfcbded y bc fambusfýa, quj, ja jb mcsd kjb Yjrþ, mdadmj y rjspjtc bc kfvjrsfkck, bc cprjmfc j fatjrcmtþc mda jbbc, c bc vjz quj js mdasmfjatj kj pjrtjajmjr c ua pcsckd y uac trckfmfýa kj jadrgj rfqujzc y kfvjrsfkck. Jb jspçrftu fatjrmubturcb tcgofæa scoj csfgfbcr prãmtfmcs kj cpjrturc lcmfc bcs mubturcs trcasacmfdacbjs. Kjskj aujstrds pcçsjs vjmfads, d bds kjb vjmfakcrfd bctfadcgjrfmcad ja ejajrcb, fambuyjakd bc rjmfjatj gfercmfýa vjajzdbcac. Ldy gãs quj auamc bc ebdocbfzcmfýa lc ejajrckd jb kjspbczcgfjatd lugcad gãs ercakj kj bc lfstdrfc.

?6 

Ucbsl, M (?99:) Fatjrmubturcbfkck, mdadmfgfjatds y kjmdbdafcbf kjmdbdafcbfkck. kck. Ja> ]fead y pjascgfjatd, A¹ ;8 vdb \\FX, jajrd ” nuafd ?99:.

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33.; Yrfamfpcbjs jjnjs njs kj bc fatjrmubturc fatjrmubturcbfkck bfkck

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CM[FXFKCK 6  Donjtfvd> _jmdadmjr bc fgpdrtcamfc kj bc hdrgcmfýa kj bc acmfýa pcrc bc vfkc mdguaftcrfc. Drfjatcmfýa> Ja erupds, kjscrrdbbcr bc sfeufjatj cmtfvfkck. AFXJB Yrjeuatc 93 MDADMFGFJA[D Kjscrrdbbj þbtfgcsfatjrmubturcb, jstckçstfmcsy kj Jkumcmfýa Fatjrmubturcb,bcsbc scbuk bcs bc uafvjrsfkckjs fatjrmubturcbjs.

AFXJB Yrjeuatc 9?  MDGY_JA]FÝA Kjscrrdbbj ustjk ua ãrodb kj prdobjgcs sdorj bds mdahbfmtds mubturcbjs ja jb Yjrþ 

AFXJB CYBFMCM CYBFMCMFÝA FÝA

Yrjeuatc 9= 

´Kj quæ hdrgc sj lc fgpbjgjatckd bc scbuk fatjrmubturcb ja bc sdmfjkck pjrucac4 ´Jstã ustjk kj cmujrkd4

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AFXJB CAÃBF]F]

Yrjeuatc ;

_jkcmtj ua orjvj tjxtd sdorj bc hdrgc mýgd sj lc fgpbjgjatckd bc jkumcmfýa fatjrmubturcb ofbfaeòj ´Muãbjs sda bds gcydrjs bderds quj pujkj jxlfofr4, ´muãbjs sda bds prfamfpcbjs prdobjgcs quj jahrjatc4

AFXJB ]ÇA[J]F]

Yrjeuatc :

´Muãbjs sda bcs pdbçtfmcs kjb gfafstjrfd kj jkumcmfýa pcrc fatjercr c bc mdguafkck vjajzdbcac, ja bcs cubcs4 ´Jstã ustjk kj cmujrkd4 Nustfhfquj

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]JGCAC 6  [JGC ?

3?.3.

[jgc> Jxmbusfýa j fambusfýa sdmfcb. Jb kjrjmld mda pjrsdacs mda kfsmcpcmfkck y cmmjsfofbfkck c bds sjrvfmfds y jb jgpbjd

Jxmbusfýa ]dmfcb

Jstc pdobcmfýa csmfjakj c ;.< gfbbdajs kj pjrsdacs (38% kj bc pdobcmfýa tdtcb), sjeþa bc Jamujstc Acmfdacb kj Ldecrjs (JACLD) ?939. C pcrtfr kj bds mrftjrfds utfbfzckds ja su kjhfafmfýa, y bc rjvfsfýa kj bds kctds, sj kjsprjakj quj bc YJYF js prjkdgfacatjgjatj rurcb (sdbd jb 8.:% kj bds ldecrjs quj bc mdahdrgca vfvja ja zdacs urocacs), y pdr bd tcatd prjsjatc gumlcs kj bcs mcrcmtjrçstfmcs csdmfckcs c bc pdobcmfýa rurcb ja ejajrcb. Za ldecr quj hdrgc pcrtj kj bc YJYF sujbj lcoftcr ja uac vfvfjakc mda mdakfmfdajs fackjmuckcs y mda mcrjamfcs kj sjrvfmfds pþobfmds ad bjs sctfshcmjr ajmjsfkckjs oãsfmcs. Ydr jnjgpbd, cbrjkjkdr kj uadquj kj mckc kfjzpjrgftja kj bds ldecrjs YJYFsus sj jamujatrc ja sftucmfýa kj lcmfacgfjatd. Jb erãhfmd rjsugj bcs mdakfmfdajs ja bcs vfvfjakcs kj bds ldecrjs YJYF, ja jb quj sj rjscbtc quj bds pfsds sda prjpdakjrcatjgjatj kj tfjrrc y uad kj mckc mfamd ldecrjs utfbfzc mdgoustfobj pcrc mdmfacr guy mdatcgfacatj (mdgd bc odstc kj cafgcbjs). Csfgfsgd, jxfstja orjmlcs sfeafhfmctfvcs ja jb cmmjsd c sjrvfmfds oãsfmds> ceuc y scajcgfjatd scajcgfjatd,, cbugorckd jbæmtrfmd y sjrvfmfds kj tjbjhdaçc.

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Mdakfmfdajs ja bcs vfvfjakcs kj bds ldecrjs YJYF =9 

Hfeurc 3?.? JACLD  ” Jbcodrcmfýa GFKF]

=9 ‒Ydobcmfýa

ja Yrdmjsd kj Kjscrrdbbd j Fambusfýa ]dmfcb  

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Bds prdercgcs sdmfcbjs kjb GFKF], sj jagcrmca ja bds jnjs jstrctæefmds.

Hfeurc 3?.= GFKF]  ” Kfrjmmfýa Ejajrcb kj Ydbçtfmcs y Jstrctjefcs

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3?.=.

Bcs pjrsdacs mda kfsmcpcmfkck 39 

Ja jb Yjrþ jxfstja gãs kj 3.: gfbbdajs kj pjrsdacs mda kfsmcpcmfkck y ja tærgfads bcodrcbjs ads jamdatrcgds cþa guy bjnds kj sjr ua pcçs fambusfvd mda jstj erupd kj pjrsdacs. Bc adrgctfvc vfejatj pcrc bcs pjrsdacs mda kfsmcpcmfkck js bc Bjy A¹?665=. Bc Bjy ?665= tfjaj bc hfacbfkck kj jstcobjmjr jb gcrmd bjecb pcrc tdkd cqujbbd rjbcmfdackd c bc vfkc y prdtjmmfýa kj kjrjmlds kj uac pjrsdac mda kfsmcpcmfkck. Jstd ousmc jb ouja kjscrrdbbd kj bc pjrsdac y uac pcrtfmfpcmfýa jhjmtfvc ja bc vfkc pdbçtfmc, jmdaýgfmc, sdmfcb, mubturcb y tjmadbýefmc kj aujstrd pcçs. Ja bc Bjy ?665= sj kjhfaj sj kjhfaj c bc pjrsdac mda kfsmcpcmfkck mdgd> mdgd> Bc pjrsdac mda kfsmcpcmfkck js cqujbbc quj tfjaj uac d gãs kjhfmfjamfcs hçsfmcs, sjasdrfcbjs, gjatcbjs d fatjbjmtucbjs kj mcrãmtjr pjrgcajatj quj, cb fatjrcmtucr mda kfvjrscs ocrrjrcs cmtftukfacbjs y kjb jatdrad, ad jnjrzc d pujkc vjrsj fgpjkfkc ja jb jnjrmfmfd kj sus kjrjmlds y su fambusfýa pbjac y jhjmtfvc ja bc sdmfjkck, ja feucbkck kj mdakfmfdajs quj bcs kjgãs.

Js uac kjhfafmfýa quj fambuyj jb mdamjptd kj kfsmcpcmfkck uafvjrscb y kj mýgd jb jatdrad ja gumlds jb quj prjsjatc bcs prfamfpcbjs ocrrjrcs pcrc jb kjscrrdbbd kj jstcs pjrsdacs.

_jsugja kj Bjy A¹ ?665=> •  •  •  •  •  •  •  •  • 

Jstcobjmj jb gcrmd bjecb pcrc bc prdgdmfýa, prdtjmmfýa y rjcbfzcmfýa, ja mdakfmfdajs kj feucbkck, kj bds kjrjmlds kj bc pjrsdac mda kfsmcpcmfkck. Yrdgujvj bc fambusfýa pbjac y jhjmtfvc ja bc vfkc pdbçtfmc, jmdaýgfmc, sdmfcb, mubturcb y tjmadbýefmc. Kjrjmld c cmmjsfofbfkck kjscrrdbbc kjscrrdbbckd. kd. Kjrjmld cb trcocnd ja feucbkck kj mdakfmfdajs, dpdrtuafkckj dpdrtuafkckjss y rjguajrcmfýa. Gjkfkcs kj hdgjatd y odafhfmcmfý odafhfmcmfýa a ja mdamursds pþobfmds kj gærftds. Mudtc kj jgpbjd kj jatfkckjs pþobfmcs> :% kj bc tdtcbfkck kj su pjrsdacb. Mudtc kj jgpbjd kj jgpbjckdrjs prfvckds> Ad fahjrfdr cb =% sf mujatca mda gãs kj :9 trcocnckdrjs ja pbcafbbc. Kjrjmld c cnustjs rczdacobjs ja jb buecr kj trcocnd y kjkummfýa ckfmfdacb kj fgpujstd c bc rjatc kj tjrmjrc mctjedrçc sdorj ecstds kj cnustjs rcz rczdacobjs. dacobjs. Jgprjscs prdgdmfdacbjs kj pjrsdacs mda kfsmcpcmfkck.

Yrfamfpcbjs jbjgjatds kj bc Bjy A¹ ?665= Ja rjsugja, bc bjy lcobc sdorj kfstfatds tjgcs kjatrd kjb gcrmd bjecb pjrtfajatj pcrc cocrmcr mckc cspjmtd kj bc vfkc kj uac pjrsdac mda kfsmcpcmfkck y su pcrtfmfpcmfýa jhjmtfvc. Ja jsj sjatfkd bc bjy jstcobjmj bds sfeufjatjs puatds> •  Kjrjmlds kj bc pjrsdac mda kfsmcpcmfkck 33<

 

 

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Yrfamfpfds rjmtdrjs kj bcs pdbçtfmcs y prdercgc prdercgcss kjb Jstckd Jb rdb kj bc hcgfbfc Bds rjmursds kjb Jstckd csfeackds. Kjrjmlds mfvfbjs y pdbçtfmds Kjrjmlds kj cmmjsfofbfkck y prfamfpfds. Kjrjmlds kj scbuk y rjlcofbftcmfýa rjlcofbftcmfýa..

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Kjrjmldscbctrcocnd bc jkumcmfýa y kjpdrtj. Kjrjmld y mdakfmfdajs ýptfgcs kj jgpbjd Adrgctfvc kj bcs jgprjscs prdgdmfdacbj prdgdmfdacbjss kj pjrsdacs mda kfsmcpcmfkck Adrgctfvc pcrc jb afvjb kj vfkc ckjmuckd y prdtjmmfýa sdmfcb. Adrgctfvc sdorj jb Mdasjnd Acmfdacb pcrc bc Fatjercmfý Fatjercmfýa a kj bc Yjrsdac mda Kfsmcpcmfkck  ” MDACKF] Adrgctfvc sdorj jb ]fstjgc Acmfdacb pcrc bc Fatjercmf Fatjercmfýa ýa kj bc Yjrsdac mda Kfsmcpcmfkck  ” ]FACYJKF] Adrgctfvc pcrc bcs mjrtfhfmcmfdajs, mjrtfhfmcmfdajs, rjefstrds y jstckçstfmcs. ]camfdajs, fahrcmmfdajs y jatfkckjs mdgpjtjatjs mdgpjtjatjs..

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Hfeurc 3?.; Jxfstja jgprjscs quj tdkcvçc ad mugpbja bc Bjy ?665=

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CM[FXFKCK 6 Donjtfvd> Cacbfzcr bcs fgpbfmcamfcs kj bc fambusfýa sdmfcb mdgd pdbçtfmc kjb Jstckd. Kjtjrgfacr bcs mdasjmujamfcs kj bc jxmbusfýa y bc kfsmrfgfacmfýa. Drfjatcmfýa> Ja erupds, kjscrrdbbcr bc sfeufjatj cmtfvfkck.

AFXJBJ] CAÃBF]F] / ]FA[J]F]

MDADMFGFJA[D-MDGY_JA]FÝA Kjscrrdbbj bd sdbfmftckd ja erupds kj muctrd jstukfcatjs.

3.- Kjhfac quæ js jxmbusfýa j fambusfýa sdmfcb

?.- Fatjrprjtj jb sfeafhfmc sfeafhfmckd kd kjb sfeufjatj hrcegjatd kjb tjxtd sjbjmmfdackd> ‒Bc jxmbusfýa sdmfcb sj pujkj kjhfafr mdgd ua mdanuatd kj gjmcafsgds jstrumturcbjs quj fgpfkja c mfjrtds erupds sdmfcbjs pcrtfmfpcr pbjacgja pbjacgjatj tj ja bcs jshjrcs jmdaýgfmc, sdmfcb, pdbçtfmc y mubturcb kj bc sdmfjkck. Jstds gjmcafsgds dmcsfdaca hcbtc kj cmmjsd c bds sjrvfmfds kj scbuk, gcrefacmfýa rjsfkjamfcb, fackjmuckc fasjrmfýa ja jb gjrmckd bcodrcb, tjakjamfcs lcmfc bc sjerjecmfýa dmupcmfdacb, bfgftcmfdajs pcrc rjmfofr uac jkumcmfýa kj oujac mcbfkck y hcbtc kj uac rjprjsjatcmfýa pdbçtfmc jhjmtfvc ja jb Jstckd (Hfeujrdc y dtrds 3668, Ódpd y dtrds ?99;, [drjrd y dtrds ?99;). Bc jxmbusfýa sdmfcb js ua mdamjptd quj cocrmc bc admfýa kj pdorjzc, pjrd ad sj cedtc ja jbbc. Gfjatrcs quj ‒pdorjzc‗ mdastftuyj

uac mctjedrçc jmdaýgfmc quj cbukj c bds faerjsds kj bds fakfvfkuds, jb mdamjptd kj ‒jxmbusfýa sdmfcb‗ fambuyj dtrcs kfgjasfdajs quj fgpbfmca jb ofjajstcr y jb kjscrrdbbd fatjercb kj uac mdbjmtfvfkck.‗ 

=.- Fkjatfhfquj, gjkfcatj ua drecafzckdr vfsucb bds hcmtdrjs quj prdpfmfca bc jxmbusfýa ja jb Yjrþ. (_jcbfzcrbd ja uac ldnc cpcrtj) _jkcmtj ua jascyd kj = pãrrchds (Fatrdkummfýa, kjscrrdbbd y mdambusfýa) sdorj bc sftucmfýa sdmfcb kj jxmbusfýa kj bds kfsmcpcmftckds ja jb Yjrþ. (Ja uac ldnc cpcrtj)

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