Semana 12 Intervención en Parejas Con Enfoque Cognitivo-Conductual

 

RKAUBPXAMOM ^PAUOMO OK]BKIP IPPBFI EOHRC]OM MB GBMAHAKO JRGOKO BXHRBCO ^PIEBXAIKOC MB ^XAHICIFÇO

AK]BPUBKHAØK BK ^OPBDOX HIK BKEI_RB HIFKA]AUI-HIKMRH]ROC HRPXI4 HIKXBDI ^XAHICØFAHI MIHBK]B4 Mr. Bmgukmi Orávoci Cuko OCRGKIX4 ➝ ➝ ➝

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O`okti Pufbc, Uavaok Aso`bc Hjokmuvç Hruzomi, Gorço Gacofris Hjopiÿïk Fuzgïk, Laoro Gorço Ocbdokmro Hirhubro Xaeubktbs, Kahicb Oybcbk Bucifai _ubzomo, Hrastoc @bcbk Jubrto Gbcbkmbz, Loric Gøkaho Dovb Ofuarrb, Bcso Kahicb

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Po`akbs Pogarbz, Ebrkokmi Xb`ostaok Pais ^uatazo, Gacofratis Gacuslo Xokto Hruz @ubki, Fasbcc Goycak Uocbrai Uoc brai @brko`b, Okfab Gorahabci Uoros Rr`ako, Lotjbrakb ]otaoko Uaccbfos ]rikhis, Goraokbcco Okfabco Togumai Hocapuy, Xoraoj Kahic

]PRDACCI ‘ ^BPÔ 0>0? ‘ ?>

 

AK]BPUBKHAØK BK ^OPBDOX HIK BKEI_RB HIFKA]AUI-HIKMRH]ROC ?. MBEAKAHAØK MBEAKAHAØK (PB (PBHI^AC HI^ACOHAØK OHAØK M MB B OR] OR]IPBX IPBX)) ^ÏF. ?0? (Ebrko (Ebrkokmi) kmi) Co tbropao mb porbdo hifkatavi hikmuhtu hikmuhtuoc oc sb `os `oso o bk bc ok okïcasas ïcasas mbtoccomi mb cis hikecahtis erbhubktbs erbhubktbs qub hikccbvok o co rupturo mb co rbcohaøk, sb jo pcoktbomi høgi sb prbsbktok prbsbktok cis pri`cb pri`cbgos, gos, y høgi sb goktabkbk goktabkbk.. Jo ambk ambktaeaho taeahomi mi uk uko o horohtbrçs horo htbrçstaho taho qub sb rbcohaiko rbcohaiko hik bccis mb eir eirgo go fbkbr fbkbroc, oc, uk prbmig prbmigakai akai mb aktbro akt brohha hhaikb ikbss kbfota kbfotavos vos si`r si`rb b cos pisatavo pisatavos. s. Hik bc i`d i`dbta btavi vi mb cif cifror ror uk uko o aktbrv akt brvbkh bkhaøk aøk beb bebhta htavo vo,, jo pcoktb pcoktbomi omi co eirgo eirgo mb sup supbro brorci rciss hbk hbktrï trïkmi kmisb sb bk ougb ou gbkt ktor or bc aktb aktbrh rhog og`a `ai i mb hikm hikmuh uhto toss pi pisa satatavo vos, s, bk tbkb tbkbrr uk uko o gb gbdi dir  r  higuka hig ukahoh hohaøk aøk y co hop hopoha ohamom mom mb rbsicu rbsicuhaø haøk k mb pri`cb pri`cbgos gos.. (Hi (Histo sto y Xbr Xbrrot rot,, ?1:0< Hirmivo y Dohi`sik< ?118< @rom`ury y Lorkby, ?118< Hïhbrbs, ?115< Cowrbkhb, Bcmramfb okm Hjrastbksbk, ?11:< Joceirm, ?11:< Hjrastbksbk, ?111< Easjgok y @bohj, ?111o< Hjrastbksbk y Jbovby, ?111). Bc `ubk gokbdi mb co tbropao mb por porbdo bdo hifkatavi hifkatavi hikmuhtu hikmuhtuoc oc `osom `osomo o bk bsis porïgbtris bstï ogpcaogbktb mbgistromo mb eirgo bgpçraho (Hjog`cbss bt oc, ?11: ?1 1:). ). Os Osçç ga gasg sgi i , bc pir pirhb hbkt ktod odb b mb rbh rbhoç oçmo moss bs bcb bcbvo vomi mi y ci ciss ak akei eirg rgbs bs prbs rbsbk bkto tok k qub qub uko gb gbdi diro ro mbc `abk `abkbs bsto torr su su`d `db btatavvi mb mbdo do qu qub b mbs bsbo bor  r  (Hjrastbksbk, ?111). Xa `abk co tbropao mb porbdo jo posomi pir uko eosb mb agpossb (Dohi`sik & Ommas ?118< Fittgok ?11:), bk bc aktbkti mb supbror  bst sti is cçcçga gatb tbss, sb jo jok k am ami i oÿo ÿoma mabk bkmi mi eoht eohtir irb bs bk co coss ak aktb tbrv rvb bkh khai aik kbs, bs, akhirpirï akhi rpirïkmis kmisb b ohtuo ohtuocgbkt cgbktb b hikh hikhbptis bptis `ï `ïsahi sahiss bk co rbcohaøk aktbrpbrsi aktbrpbrsikoc koc higi sik co aktagamom y cos bgihaikbs (Hjrastbksbk, Dohi`sik, @o`hihl, ?112, Dohi`sik, Hjrastbksbk, ?115, Hirmivo y Xhitt, 0>>?). Ki joy qub gbkisprbhaor  gbkisprbhaor  co gokbro gokbro mb higi o ak akececua uami mi qub qub bk bcci jo tbka tbkami mi bc mb mbso sorri rricci cci m mb b itros itros tbropaos, ki bstrahtogbktb hifkatavi hifkatavi hikmuhtuocbs, hikmuhtuocbs, qub jok gistromi su `ubko beahohao mb eirgo bgpçraho (Frbbk`brf y Dijksik, ?1::< Xkymbr y Vaccs, ?1:1< Vbassgok bt oc., 0>>>). Xb pubm pubmbk bk i`sb i`sbrvo rvorr bst bstis is o ovok vokhbs hbs hig higi i uko uko oh ohugu ugucoh cohaøk aøk mb gát gátimi imiss sak uko fuço qub cbs má uk sbktami. Xa `abk co tbropao mb porbdo hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc jo portami mb motis bgpçrahis `ushokmi mbsmb bccis uko tbirço qub cos pubmo bxpcahor(Hïhbrbs, ?115), co hiksambrohaøk mb co bstruhturo mb co porbdo bk sus mis vbrtabktbs `ïsahos, higi bktb sihaoc y higi rbcohaøk maïmaho aktbrpbrsikoc, pbrgatbk pbrga tbk aktbf aktbfror ror,, bkhuomror bkhuomror y bktbkmbr bktbkmbr cis ôctagis ovokhbs ovokhbs y opirtohaikbs opirtohaikbs b aktuar cis hogakis pir cis qub vo o mashurrar su mbsorricci bk bc euturi. OH]ROCAMOM4 Co tbropao mb porbdo hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc bs ohtuocgbktb co gïs higpcbto y usomo uso mo oc gig gigbkt bkti i mb oyumor oyumor o cos porbdos porbdos o rbb rbbkh khikt iktror rorsb sb mb uko gok gokbro bro osbrtavo y murombro. Xak bg`orfi, bs bc gimbci qub hubkto hik goyir rbspocmi

 

bgpçrahi y qub jo ochokzomi higpri`or higpri`or su vocambz habktçeahogbktb, y hik bc huoc tro`odok frok portb portb mb psahøcifis bspbhaocazomis bk porbdos. Co vamo bk porbdo usuocgbktb bs uki mb cis prakhapocbs ospbhtis ospbhtis si`rb si`rb cis qub farok far ok kubs kubstro tross vam vamos, os, y uko mb cos gïs frokm frokmbs bs eub eubktb ktbss mb `abkb `abkbsto storr. Bkt Bktrb rb guhjos guh jos itr itros os hisos, hisos, co por porbdo bdo hik hiksta statuy tuyb b bxp bxpbht bhtota otavos vos mb eut euturi uri,, hik hikeao eaokzo kzo,, aktagamom, rbcohaikbs sbxuocbs y hraokzo mb kubstris jadis. Mb`ami o timi ci qub bstï bk dubfi, bc høgi sb gokbdo kubstro rbcohaøk pubmb tbkbr uko eubrtb aagpirtokhao gpirtokhao bk kubstri `abkbstor tokti eçsahi higi psah psahicøfahi icøfahi y bgihai bgi haikoc koc.. Bs bkt bktikh ikhbs bs huo huokmi kmi pubmb sbr uk gigbkt gigbkti i ombh ombhuom uomi i os osast astar ar o tbropao mb porbdo hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc. (Puccok,0>0>) Rko psahitbro psahitbropao pao mb hirtb hifkatavi hifkatavi sb bkeiho bk mbgi mbgistror stror bc hi higpcbd gpcbdi i ccbki ccbki mb pbksogabktis, sbktagabktis y ohtatumbs mb homo gabg`ri mb co porbdo qub bstïk aktbrvakabkmi poro fbkbror bc hikecahti. Bc safuabktb posi bs oprbkmbr o opcacaho op horr uk uko o ei eirg rgo o oc octb tbrk rkot otav avo o mb pb pbks ksor or y mb rbmu rbmuha harr ci ciss sb sbkt ktag agab abkt ktis is mbsofrom mbso fromo`cbs o`cbs qub rbpbrhutbk rbpbrhutbk bk bst bstb b goc hik co porbdo porbdo.. Osç higi oprbk oprbkmbr  mbr  eirgos mb ohtuor qub pbrgatbk orrbfcor cis mbsohubrmis hik bc itri.(@cokhi,0>?:)  Ocfukos mb cos hopohatohaikbs Hifkatavi-Hikmuhtuocbs Hifkatavi-Hikmuh tuocbs bk porbdo sik4

qub

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cos

]áhkahos

◉ Omqu Omquas asah ahaø aøk k mb hi hikh khbp bpti tiss higu higukb kbss si si`r `rb b ci qu qub b bs uko uko rbco rbcoha haøk øk mb porbdo. ◉ Ok Okocazor y higprbkmbr bc pbsi mb cis ^BKXOGABK]IX MAXERKHAIKOCBX y høgi bstïk akecuybkmi bk co eirgo mb sbktarsb. ◉ Hopohator Hopohator o cos pbrsikos pbrsikos poro fb fbkbror kbror octbrko octbrkotavos tavos o co «va «vabdo bdo eirg eirgo o mb pbksor¼ ◉ Bk Bkt trbk rbkogabkti s ybkmb bxprbsaøk jo`acamombmb s bgihaikbs) mb higukahohaøk hikvbrsohaikocbs hikvbrsohaikocb ◉ Bktrbkogabkti bk sicuhaøk mb pri`cbgos y kbfihaohaøk ◉ ]áhkahos poro ougbktor co rbhaprihamom bk porbdo

(jo (jo`acam amo ombs

0. CO ^OPBDO OPBDO HIGI HIGI BK BK]B ]B XIH XIHAOC AOC ((Gorao Goraokbcco kbcco)) Co porbdo bs uko bktamom `osomo bk co rbcohaøk bktrb mis pbrsikos. Higi bktb sihaoc co porbdo sb higpirto higi uko ukamom y bs rbhikihami osç pir cis qub cis rimbok. Bs mbktri mb co porbdo higi akstatuhaøk sihaoc mikmb sb primuhbk cos rbcohaikbs maoraos bktrb sus gabg`ris. Cos cbybs, cis usis y cos histug`rbs gorhok y mbeakbk ukos horohtbrçstahos `ïsahos `ïsahos bk co porbdo, higi bc higprigasi

 

qub ukb qub ukb o sus sus ga gabg bg`r `ris is,, y cb os osaf afko kok k uk uko o eukh eukhaø aøk k si siha haoc oc,, ak akececuy uybk bkmi mi mbhasavogbktb bk co eirgo y hiktbkami mb cos rbcohaikbs bktrb sus higpikbktbs. Josto johb pihi co akgbkso goyirço mb cos porbdos bsto`ok hikstatuamos pir uk por mb pbrsikos mb mastakti sbxi qub bk eukhaøk mb mastaktos rozikbs mbhamçok higportar su hubrpi, opiyorsb gutuogbktb bk co socum y bk co bkebrgbmom, bk co raqubzo y bk co pi`rbzo, bk co ocbfrço y bk co trastbzo, josto qub co gubrtb cis sbporosb. Co porbdo bro uk gotragikai qub tbkço higi i`dbti sihaoc co hrbohaøk mb co eogacao y pcosgo`o sus aktbkhaikbs cbfocgbktb bk uk hiktroti gotragikaoc.  Ohtuocgbktb kakfuko mb cos mis hisos bs kbhbsorao poro qub uk bktirki sihaoc hiksambrb qub mis pbrsikos hikstatuybk uko porbdo< guhjos porbdos ki tabkbk aktbkhaøk mb eirgor uko eogacao y ki pcosgok su rbcohaøk pir gbmai mb uk hiktroti bxpcçhati. Ohtuocgbktb vbgis o porbdos bktrb pbrsikos mbc gasgi sbxi, to tog` g`aá aák k hi hiki kiha hami mi hi higi gi gotra gotragi gika kai i ji jigi gisb sbxu xuoc oc,, go gotr trag agik ikai ai af afuo uocacato tora rai, i, gotr go trag agik ikai ai foy foy i gotra gotragi gika kai i cf cf`t `t,, bs co ak akst statatuh uhaø aøk k qu qub b rbhi rbhiki kihb hb cb cbfo focc i siha si haoc ocgb gbkt ktb b uk go gotr trag agik ikai ai ei eirg rgom omi i pir pir mi miss ji jig` g`rb rbs, s, mi miss gu gudb dbrb rbs, s, i bvbktu bvb ktuocg ocgbkt bktb b mis pbrsik pbrsikos os mbc gas gasgi gi fákbri fákbri,, bk oqu oqubcc bccos os huc huctur turos os qub rbhikihbk gïs mb mis fákbris. Xa `abk cis gotragikais bktrb pbrsikos mbc gasgi sbxi jok bxastami bk mavbrsos hucturos o ci corfi mbc tabgpi, higi bk co  Oktafuo Pigo i bk co privakhao hjako mb Eudaok josto bc safci xax, co ihhambktocazohaøk mbc gukmi ccbvø o su mbsoporahaøk bk cis safcis ZAZ y ZZ, vicvabkmi o oporbhbr bk bc safci ZZ. Bk co ohtuocamom, bc mb`otb si`rb co cbfocamom y cis ochokhbs mbc gotragikai bktrb pbrsikos mbc gasgi sbxi bs uki mb cis gïs ofatomis y makïgahis mbc gukmi ihhambktoc. Cis ipisatirbs o co rbeirgo mbc Hømafi Havac ipakok qub co ukaøk mb uk jig`rb y mb uko gudbr bs co ôkaho mbeakahaøk mb gotragikai (orfugbkti sbgïktahi), bk tokti qub bs co `osb poro co prihrbohaøk (orfugbkti prihrbotavi). Orfuybk qub bsto mbeakahaøk jo bxastami pir gacbkais (orfugbkti tromahaikocasto) y hirrbspikmb o su bsbkhao i`dbtavo, mastakfuaákmisb mbc rbsti mb pohtis mb pritbhhaøk gutuo hik horïhtbr  akmbeakami. Ocbfok qub octbror cis eukmogbktis mbc gotragikai `osïkmisb bk hosis cçgatbs bquavocb o hikvbrtar co bxhbphaøk o cos rbfcos. Bc eacøsiei Dovabr  R fo fort rtb b sist stab abk kbs b coqu qub b co ôkah ka ho tr trom omah ahaø aøk k qub sis istatabk bkb b opicçtahos htuoc tuocgb gbkt ktb b co mashragakohaøk rbcafaiso, pubsti qub timos cos ambicifços portbk mbc prakhapai mb afuocmom oktb co cby< ombgïs, agpbmar bc ohhbsi oc gotragikai mb huocquabr pbrsiko supikb o`rar uko `rbhjo bktrb cis mbrbhjis qub pisbb higi kohaikoc mb uk bstomi (qub sik timis) y sus mbrbhjis haumomokis (qub bk bsb hosi sb vbrçok rbmuhamis). ^isa`cbgbktb pir bso mastirsaøk, uko hiksambro`cb portb mb co sihabmom ihhambktoc ipako qub bs kbhbsorai qub sb pbrgato hosor o cis foas y cbs`aokos, mb gimi qub tbkfok cis gasgis mbrbhjis qub cos porbdos jbtbrisbxuocbs.. Co ambo mb qub bc gotragikai bktrb pbrsikos mbc gasgi sbxi bs jbtbrisbxuocbs uk prav pravacacbf bfai ai oc tr trot otor orsb sb mb rb rboc ocam amom ombs bs ma maeb ebrb rbkt ktbs bs bs rbeu rbeuto tomi mi pir pir ci ciss qu qub b orfugbktok qub bk mbrbhji co sagpcb maebrbkhao ki bs vïcamo saki sb mbgubstro qub bsto bs rbcbvoktb poro ogbrator uk troti durçmahi maebrbktb. Qo qub timis sigis afuocbs i maebrbktbs o cis mbgïs, bk ocfuko magbksaøk.

 

Bc popbc mb co porbdo y co eogacao bk co sihabmom jo ami hog`aokmi o ci corfi mb cis tabgpis. Bk cis ôctagis mishabktis oÿis, co eogacao jo posomi mb ukamom mb primuhhaøk o ukamom mb hiksugi (Lborc, 0>>?). Homo gabg`ri mb co eogacao i`tabkb cis akfrbsis mb eirgo akmbpbkmabktb y bk co eogacao sb higportbk cis `abkbs mb hiksugi, higamo, vavabkmo, bth. Co bxastbkhao sihaoc mb co porbdo agpcaho qub bk guhjis ospbhtis goktabkb uko hikmuhto higôk, ôkaho, y qub bxastbk uko sbrab mb `abkbs si`rb cis qub goktabkb uko pripabmom y uk usi higô hi gôk. k. Ok Oktb tb co si siha habm bmom om bgpc bgpcbo bo bc –k –kis isit itri ris‗ s‗ hi higi gi rbsp rbspik ikso so`c `cb b mb co pripabmom y mb cos ohhaikbs.  Ohtuocgbktb sb supikb qub bc i`dbtavi agpcçhati hik bc qub homo gabg`ri sb akhirpiro o co porbdo bs johbr co vamo gïs ebcaz y pcbko oc itri y rbha`ar uk troti okïcifi. ^oro bcci aktbrhog`aok hikmuhtos y higportbk, mbsmb uk pukti mb vasto sihaoc, uko sbrab mb `abkbs y ohtavamombs. Ci johbk mb eirgo prairatorao, ccbfokmi bsto prairamom o sbr uk higprigasi mb bxhcusavamom. Ocfukis mb cis `abkbs y ohtavamombs qub higportbk sik4 - Bc hubrpi hubrpi44 bs co horohtbrçstah horohtbrçstaho o gïs bspbhçeah bspbhçeaho o mb co po porbdo. rbdo. Cos p porbdo orbdoss sb mastakfubk pirqub higportbk homo uki bc hubrpi mbc itri. Cos rbcohaikbs sbxuocbs mb cis gabg`ris mb co porbdo sb pcoktbok mb eirgo bxhcusavo -

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bktrb bccis gabktros rbcohaøk @abk @a bkbs bs bhik bhikøg øgah ahis is4co 4 bx bxas astb tb ukbxastb. hi higp gpri riga gasi si bh bhik ikøg øgah ahi i pi pirr bc qu qub b sb higpor hig portbk tbk maebrb maebrbktb ktbss `ab `abkbs kbs.. Xb sub subcb cb tbkbr tbkbr uko vav vavabk abkmo mo bk hig higôk, ôk, oukq ou kqub ub oh ohtu tuoc ocgb gbkt ktb b si sik k er erbh bhub ubkt ktbs bs co coss po porb rbdo doss qu qub b tatabk bkbk bk ho hoso soss maebrb mae brbktb ktbss y octbrk octbrkok ok co vam vamo o bk hig higôk ôk mur murokt oktb b pbr pbraim aimis is hirtis hirtis,, pir  bdbgpci, eakbs mb sbgoko i vohohaikbs, hik co vamo sbporomis, homo uki bk su pasi. Ccbvok uko rbcohaøk mb kivaozfi btbrki, bk co qub ki bxastb bc priybhti mb prieukmazor y higportar komo gïs. Co potbrk potbrkamom amom /gotbrkam /gotbrkamom4 om4 bs uki mb cis gitav gitavis is q qub ub cccbvok cbvok o hi hikstatu kstatuar  ar  uko porbdo bsto`cb. ^bri tog`aák bsti bstï hog`aokmi. Co pripirhaøk mb jadis kohamis mb gudbrbs sictbros bs homo vbz goyir ccbfokmi o sbr  goyiratorai bk poçsbs higi bc kubstri. Cos hi hikmu kmuhto htossBsti mb opbf opbfi4 i4 uk ospbht osp i guy agp agpirt oktb bduktis bk cobk porbd porbdo o bs bcy opiyi gutui. sb pcosgo bk bhti co eørguco mb irtokt bstor co socum co bkebrgbmom, bk cos ocbfrços y bk cos trastbzos, –Bc itri‗ bs bc prakhapoc sisták oktb cos maeahuctombs y ogbkozos mb co vamo y bc opiyi bk bc mbsorricci pbrsikoc y sihaoc. Kubstri oprbkmazodb mb høgi sb rbocazo bc opiyi gutui bk co porbdo sb mo mbktri mb co eogacao bk co qub kohagis, bk hikhrbti huokmi mbsorriccogis bk bcco uko mb cos pragbros hikmuhtos, qub bs co mb opbfi. Co hikmuhto mb opbfi eub mbeakamo pir @iw`cy (?151) higi co –`usqubmo mb pritbhhaøk oktb ogbkozos bxtbrkos‗ y, bk bc kaÿi, sb hikhrbto mb eirgo prakhapoc bk `ushor co pritbhhaøk mb co gomrb.

Bxastbk itris bcbgbktis qub sb higportbk mb ocfuko eirgo higi bc prbstafai sihaoc, cis ogafis, pbri ki sb johb mb eirgo bxhcusavo y co voraohaøk mbc fromi mb uko porbdo o itro bs guy frokmb. ^ir bdbgpci, co bxhcusavamom o co jiro mb

 

higportar bc tabgpi mb ihai jo hog`aomi kito`cbgbktb< sa `abk ki jo sami kukho mbtbrgakoktb poro bc jig`rb, ojiro homo vbz bs gbkir co bxafbkhao y goyir co ca`b ca`brt rtom om mb homo homo gabg gabg`r `ri i mb co porb porbdo do poro poro tbkb tbkbrr su suss gi gigb gbkt ktis is mb ih ihai ai akmbpbkmabktbs.

8. O^BFI BK PBCOHAIKBX MB ^ ^OPBDO(Okfab) OPBDO(Okfab) Kubstri oprbkmazodb mb høgi bs bc opiyi gutui bk co porbdo sb mo mbktri mb co eogacao eogac ao bk co qub kohagis kohagis pirqub pirqub bc opbfi bs uko mb cos pragbros pragbros hikm hikmuhto uhtoss qub mbsorriccog mbsorriccogis, is, pubs sbfôk sbfôk @ @iwc`y iwc`y (?151 (?151)) mbeakb mbeakb co hikm hikmuhto uhto mbc op opbfi bfi higi bc `ôsqubmo `ôsqubmo mb co pritb pritbhhaø hhaøk k oktb ogbkozos ogbkozos bxtb bxtbrkos rkos higi huok huokmi mi bc kaÿi `usho pritbhh pritbhhaøk aøk pir portb mb su eafuro gotbrko.

COX HIKMRH]OX MB O^BFI Xb oprbkmbk bk co gïs tabrko akeokhao y sb outigotazok y tog`aák sb oprbkmbk bk co eogacao mb irafbk cos hikmuhtos mb rbspubsto o co sicahatum mb oyumo. Xa ki sb hugpcbk cos bxpbhtotavos qub fbkbrok cos pbtahaikbs mbc itri pubmbk morsb pr pri` i`cb cbgo goss fr frov bstokti bk cos co po porb rbdo dos. s. Bc y jb jbhj hji i`ïsahos, mb qu qub bjohb co coss qub hi hikm kmuh uhto toss sb sbok ok outigïtahos yovbs pir kis hikshabktbs guy cis hikecahtis bk bstb ospbhti sbok frovbs y ki sabgprb bxpcçhatis, mokmi cufor o bgihaikbs eubrtbs qub ki bkhubktrok uko bxprbsaøk ombhuomo poro su sicuhaøk. Xbfôk bc outir (Lbkk Xbfôk (Lbkkyy, ?1:2) hik hiksambr sambro o qub co hikmuhto hikmuhto mbc opbfi opbfi ssb bp pcosgo cosgo bk uk aktbrás bk goktbkbr cos rbcohaikbs hik cis pomrbs y bc oebhti qub sabktbk pir bccis. ^ir ci tokti, cos gitavohaikbs bk rbcohaøk oc opbfi eirgok portb mb ci houso bc goktbkagabkti i co masicuhaøk mb cos porbdos, bs pir bcci su agpirtokhao poro sbr portb mb co hikstatuhaøk mb co porbdo, tigïkmisb gïs bk hubkto co rbcbvokhao mb cos tbropaos mb porbdos .

COX ^OPBDOX Bs kb kbhb hbso sora rai i bs bsto to`c `cbh bhbr br uko uko ei eirg rgo o mb hi higp gpor ortatarr hi hik k bc i`db i`dbtav tavi i po poro ro qu qub b eu eukh khai aikb kb,, higp higpor ortatabk bkmi mi ci ciss ak aktb tbrb rbsb sbss pb pbrs rsik ikoc ocbs bs mb ho homo mo ga gabg bg`r `ri i qu qub b hikeirgok co porbdo. ^ir ci tokti, co eukhaøk sihaoc qu qub b hugpcb higi porbdo bs goktbk goktbkbrsb brsb bsto` bsto`cb cb y ouxa ou xacao caorr uk uki i hik itr itri i osag osagas asgi gi ci qub sb jofo jofo y hig higi i sb jo jofo fo vvo o o bsto bstor  r  rbcohaikom rbcoh aikomi i hik oqubccos oqubccos hikmuh hikmuhtos tos qub oprbkmabri oprbkmabrik k pir cos bxp bxpbrabk brabkhaos haos qub tuvabrik bk co akeokhao y cos rbsp rbspubstos. ubstos. Xbfôk cis out Xbfôk outirbs irbs Jo Jozok zok y Xjovbr Xjovbr (?1:6) (?1:6) Pbpir Pbpirtorik torik q qub ub cos pb pbrsiko rsikoss hik goyir sbfuramom bk bc opbfi mbshra`bk sus bxpbrabkhaos ogirisos higi gïs ebcahbs, ogastisos y mb hikeaokzo. Xicçok bxpbragbktor bc ogir higi uk bstomi qub pubmb tbkbr octa`odis, pbri qub bk fbkbroc sb goktabkb hikstoktb.

 

=. I@DB]AUIX ^BPXIKOCBX BK CO ^OPBDO Q PBCOHAIKBX MB MIGAKOKHAO Cis i`dbtavis mb og`is tabkbk qub hikduforsb y hiirmakorsb bk timi gigbkti poro po ro qub qub co porb porbdo do pubm pubmo o eu eukh khai aiko korr yo qub qub hu huok okmi mi ki bs bstï tïk k irfo irfoka kazo zomi miss oporbhbk pri`cbgos. (Bpstbak ?118) Bc gokbdi mbc makbri higportami pubmb sbr uk bdbgpci mb høgi eukhaikorï co porbdo higi bktb sihaoc. Cos kbhbsamombs y i`dbtavis qub homo gabg`ri quabrb rbsicvbr hik bc makbri sb bxpcahatok bk co higukahohaøk y higprbksaøk gutuo. Ki sb troto mb qub sb bsto`cbzhok ukos prairamombs i`dbtavogbktb roziko`cbs i bquatotavos, saki mb qub sbok ohbptomos y ohbpto`cbs pir cis mis. Higi bktb sihaoc sb oho`o tigokmi uko mbhasaøk hikdukto y hiirmakomo. Ki bs bc makbri bc ôkahi bcbgbkti bk bc qub sb rbecbdok cos rbcohaikbs mb pimbr, bk rbocamom sb mok bk timis y homo uki mb cis `abkbs qub sb higportbk. Xb bsto`cbhb uko bstruhturo mb pimbr pimbr,, mbeakami higi co hopohamom poro akecubkhaor o cis itris poro qub jofok ci qub uki quabrb (Jorpbr ?1:2). ^bri bc pimbr  mbpbkmb mbc gokbdi mb cis rbhursis qub uki tabkb. Co bstruhturo mb pimbr bk co porbdo sb pcosgo bk cos rbcohaikbs mb migakokhao. Xu agpirtokhao co porbdo y bk hikecahtisbsjouksami ogpcaogbktb rbhikihamo. Fittgok (?161)bk pripusi qub co sus migakokhao bcbgbkti eukmogbktoc bk bc bquaca`rai mb co porbdo y qub sa ki sb bsto`cbhb uko rbcohaøk mb migakokhao cis pri`cbgos bstïk osbfuromis. Xcuhlak (?1:>) gbkhaiko o ]jigpsik (?156), qub utacazo uk hratbrai ogpcai poro mbeaka mbe akarr mig migako akokha khao. o. Xb mo migako migakokh khao ao bk uko akt aktbro brohh hhaøk aøk huo huokmi kmi uk kaÿ kaÿi i –eçsahogbktb foko uko cuhjo, mbspcozo o itri kaÿi mb su cufor, oho`o tbkabkmi uk i`dbti qub mbsbok gutuogbktb , i qub hiktrico mb eirgo i`vao co hikmuhto mbc itri kaÿi, kirgocgbktb o trovás mb ørmbkbs vbr`ocbs.‗ Cis pri`cbgos surfbk huokmi cos mbhasaikbs qub sb tigok ccbvok o uk rbsuctomi kbfotavi poro co itro pbrsiko. Co kbfotavamom sb gamb mbsmb uk pukti mb vasto su`dbtavi y hiksastb, co goyirço mb cos vbhbs, bk uko mashrbpokhao bktrb cos bxpbhtotavos y cis rbsuctomis.

2. HIGRKAHOH HIGRKAHOHAØK AØK Q PBXIC PBXICRHAØK RHAØK MB ^ ^PI@C PI@CBGOX BGOX Xb rbquabrb bcbfar uko hikmuhto ôkaho poro co porbdo . ^oro q qub ub sb má m mb b eirgo orgika org ikaiso iso tabkb tabkb qub prb prbsbk sbktor torsb sb uko `ub `ubko ko hig higuka ukahoh hohaøk aøk qub pbrga pbrgato to bc rbhikihag rbhi kihagabkti abkti y bvocu bvocuohaøk ohaøk mb cis i`dbtavis i`dbtavis,, pbks pbksogabk ogabktis tis y kbhb kbhbsamom samombs bs mb homo gabg`ri mb eirgo hikdukto. Co tbropao hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc jo akhcuami bc bktr bk trbk bkog ogab abkt kti i bk jo jo`a `acacamo momb mbss mb hi higu guka kaho hoha haøk øk hi higi gi uk i` i`db dbti ti mb su sugo go agpirtokhao poro rbsicvbr cos maebrbkhaos bk co porbdo . Joy qub tbkbr bk hubk hubkto to qub cos hopohamombs qub sb rbquabrbk poro tigor uko mbhasaøk sik mastaktos m mb b cos qub sb kbhbsatok poro mbsorriccor co aktagamom. Bsti quabrb mbhar qub sb pimr pi mrço ço ci cifr fror or uko uko hi higu guka kaho hoha haøk øk ombh ombhuo uomo mo hi hik k co porb porbdo do poro poro co tigo tigo mb

 

mbhasa mbha saik ikbs bs i mo morr pukt puktis is mb va vast sto, o, pb pbri ri ki poro poro hi higp gpor ortar tar sb sbkt ktag agab abkt ktis is i bgihaikbs. Co `ubko higukahohaøk bs uko portb eukmogbktoc mb timos cos rbcohaikbs. ]imos cos rbcohaikbs hubktok hik octa`odis, pbri uk bstaci mb higukahohaøk socumo`cb eo eoha hacacato to bc go gokb kbdi di mb mbcc hi hike kecah cahti ti y hiks hikstr truy uyb b uk uko o si siha habm bmom om gï gïss ma makï kïga gaho ho,, hijbsaikomo y socumo`cb.Ombgïs bs agpirtoktb rbecbxaikor si`rb bc tapi y bstaci mb higukahohaøk mb porbdo, mbtbrgakor høgi bs su higukahohaøk, johbrsb prbfuktos oc rbspbhti, eirgorsb y bktrbkorsb bk cos jo`acamombs higukahotavos qub co eovirbhbk y gbdirok co rbcohaøk mb porbdo. Co sicuh icuhaø aøk k mb ci ciss pr pri i`c `cbg bgos os qub qub sb prbs prbsbk bkto tok k o co porb orbdo hik iksa sasstb prakh pra khapo apocgb cgbktb ktb bk qub cis mis mbsorri mbsorriccb ccbk k co hopoham hopohamom om mb higuka higukahor horsb sb y tog`aák tbkbr hopohamom mb fbkbror octbrkotavos y vocirorcos poro cifror cis i`dbta i`d btavis vis pri pripub pubsti stis. s. ^oro ^oro bcc bcci i sik prbhas prbhasos os jo` jo`acam acamomb ombss mb rbs rbsicu icuhaø haøk k mb pri`cbgos. Xa eoctok bs kbhbsorai uk ohigpoÿogabkti, qub jo sami o`irmomi hik áxati pir co tbropao hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc hcïsaho .

FPR^I H 5. BC HIG^PIGAX HIG^PIGAXI I BK BK ^ ^OPBD OPBDO O (LAOPO) (LAOPO) Jiyy bk mç Ji mço, o, go gokt ktbk bkbr br uk hi higp gpri riga gasi si hik uko po porb rbdo do bs uko uko torb torbo o sugogbktb agpirtoktb, yo qub pbsb o cis pri`cbgos i maeahuctombs qub ocfuki mb bccis prbsbktb sb tabkmb o cuhjor poro sbfuar goktbkaákmisb  duktis. Xak bg`orfi, oktafuogbktb bc tbgo mbc mavirhai bro guy eubrtb mb`ami o qub erbktb o co prbsaøk sihaoc sb i`cafo`o o sbfuar goktbkabkmi bso rbcohaøk o pbsor mb cis hikecahtis i vaicbkhao yo sbo mb gokbro eçsaho i psahicøfaho qub bxastabsb, bsti oebhto`o goyirgbktb o cos gudbrbs. Ki i`stoktb, bk bc tabgpi ohtuoc co sihabmom yo ki rbocazo tokto prbsaøk sihaoc higi oktbs, pbri tabkmbk o bkeihorsb bk co hoktamom mb pbrsikos qub sb mavirhaok, pbri ki cb mok agpirtokhao oc moÿi bgihaikoc, gbktoc y eçsahi qub bsti hikccbvo. O su vbz, gabktros co porbdo posb gïs tabgpi  duktis, tbkfo gbtos o euturi y vavok bxpbrabkhaos tokti pisatavos higi kbfotavos,bc cozi mbc higprigasi subcb johbrsb gïs eubrtb hiktro timi prik prikøs østatahi hi.. Osag Osagas asgi gi,, bc qub qub og`i og`iss tbkf tbkfok ok uk uko o `u `ubk bko o bs bsto to`a `acacamo mom m bhikøgaho bs rbcbvoktb, o pbsor mb bcci huokmi surfb uko sbporohaøk co pbrsiko qub socb gïs oebhtomo bs oqubcco qub mbdø mb tbrgakor sus bstumais i mbdø mb pikbr bk prïhtaho su priebsaøk pir mbmahorsb o huamor o cis jadis i pir oyumor o hugpcar cos gbtos priebsaikocbs mb su porbdo johabkmi o uk comi cos gbtos pripaos. Xbfô Xb fôk k Ea Eakh khjo jok k y @b @boh ohj j (? (?11 111) 1) rbea rbeabr brb b qu qub b sb go gokt ktab abkb kb uk `u `ubk bk higpri hig prigas gasi i bk co hop hopoha ohamom mom mb rbs rbsicu icuhaø haøk k mb hik hikecah ecahtis tis bs mbh mbhar ar oc rbsicvbrcis o trovás mb uko ombhuomo higukahohaøk y pir bkmb trotor mb sbr bgpïtahis.

 

 Osagasgi, hikihbr si`rb bc ogir bs ojikmor bk co koturocbzo `aicøfaho gasgo mbc jig`rb, ki pir komo jiy pir jiy cis mis ospbhtis gïs agpirtoktbs mbc mbsorricci mb uk akmavamui sik bc tro`odi y co eogacao. Co bxpbrabkhao ogiriso sb bkhubktro bk timos cos hucturos (Dokliwaol y Easjbr, ?110) y bs sak mumo uko mb cos satuohaikbs gïs bstagucoktbs bk kubstros vamos. Mb afuoc gokbro, sbfôk Gourbaro(0>??) Co rbcohaøk mb porb po rbdo do bs uko uko mb cos cos bx bxpb pbra rabk bkha haos os gï gïss frot frotaeaeah ahok oktb tbss mb kubs kubstr tros os vamos.Bstumaor bc ebkøgbki mb sbr porbdo ogbrato hikihbr bc hiktbxti huctctur hu uroc oc bk mikm mikmb b og og`i `iss ak akma mava vamu muis is jo jok k sa sami mi eirg eirgom omis is y mi mikm kmb b sb mbsbkvubcvbk, yo qub bsti akecuarï marbhtogbktb bk co eirgo bk qub og`is vbk y ohtôok mbktri mb uko rbcohaøk. .

6. CO ^OPBD ^OPBDO O HIGI HIGI PBC PBCOHAØK OHAØK MAÏMAH MAÏMAHO O (KAHICB (KAHICB)) Xb pubmb mbhar qub co eirgohaøk mb porbdos jo hog`aomi bk bc tabgpi, ohtuocgbktb cos rbcohaikbs sb bsto`cbhbk si`rb bc ogir y co aktagamom. Josto johb ocfukos máhomos oôk co psahicifço hcçkaho ki hiksambro`o rbcbvoktbs trotogabktis mb porbdo. Xak bk bg`orfi, ojiro sbrbcohaøk jo momi ákeosas bk cocistbropao mb porbdos, si`rb timi co bquamom bk co b aktbrhog`ais pisatavis mb hikmuhtos yo qub sa ocfuko mb bccos eocto pubmb prbs prbsbk bkto tors rsb b uk uko o ru rupt ptur uro, o, pubs pubs guhj guhjos os po porb rbdo doss ccccbf bfok ok o hi hiks ksuc ucto to orfugbktokmi –higi sb pubmbk vicvbr o bkogiror i rbshotor co acusaøk qub sbktçok oc higabkzi mb bsto‗. ^oro bktbkmbr gbdir si`rb ci quá sb kbhb kb hbsa sato to po poro ro gokt goktbk bkbr br `ubk `ubkos os rbco rbcoha haik ikbs bs y vçkh vçkhuc ucis is bk po porb rbdo do higbkzorbgis mbeakabkmi quá bs bc ogir. Ogir4 Higi ci mbeakb co Pboc Ohombgao (POB, 0>>?)4 –Xbktagabkti johao itro pbrsiko qub koturocgbktb kis otrob y qub, prihurokmi rbhaprihamom bk bc mbsbi mb ukaøk, kis higpcbto, ocbfro y mo bkbrfço poro hikvavar, higuka hig ukahor horkis kis y hrbor‗ hrbor‗.. i –Xbkta –Xbktagab gabkti kti aktbks aktbksi i mbc sbr jug jugoki oki qub, portabkmi mb su pripao aksueahabkhao, kbhbsato y `usho bc bkhubktri y ukaøk hik itri sbr‗ Mbsmb uko pbrspbhtavo psahicøfaho bc bkogirorsb bs uko bgihaøk y easaicøfahogbktb uko bxhatohaøk qub kis pubmb fbkbror `abkbstor y bvato bvambk bva mbkhao haorr cis mbe mbebht bhtis is mb co itro itro pbr pbrsik siko, o, bxp bxprbs rbsor or oeb oebhti hti y opi opiyi yi bgihaikoc y giroc. Xak bg`orfi poro cifror uko rbcohaøk prøspbro, ki søci sb mb`b `osor `osor bk bc bkogirogabk bkogirogabkti ti higi bgiha bgihaøk øk yo qub hik hik bc tabgpi sb pubmb ccbfor o co rupturo i erohosi, oquç sb gbkhaiko –co cby mb co jo`atuohaøk4 bc pcohbr hiktakuomi sb mbsvokbhb, bc ogir gasgi pabrmb fr from omuo uocg cgbk bktb tb su go gofa fao‗ o‗,, bs mb mbha harr co rbco rbcoha haøk øk si sici ci sb `o `oso sorç rço o bk higpcohbr o co porbdo bk cufor mb `ushor uko rbcohaøk bquaca`romo. Bs osç qub bk co tbropao sb johb usi mb ocfukos mastirsaikbs hifkatavos, higi johbr qub cos pbrsikos ki ambocahbk o sus porbdos. Xa sb cifro uko rbcohaøk bk mikmb joyo higukahohaøk, higukahohaøk, coz cozis is qub hikccbvok o hikmuh hikmuhtos tos

 

rbeirzoktbs qub jorïk qub co rbcohaøk sb goktbkfo orgikaiso y mb eirgo akmbeakamo. Mbspu puás ás mb qu qub b co porbd orbdo o pos oso o pi pirr bc Aktagamom y vocirohaøk4   Mbs bkog bk ogir irog ogab abkt kti i hi higi gi bgih bgihaø aøk k ci qu qub b qu qubm bmo o bs co ak aktataga gamo mom m y co vocirohaøk. Co aktagamom bs uki mb cis i`dbtavis pragirmaocbs bk uko rbcohaøk, bs huokmi og`is pubmbk bxprbsorsb sak cçgatb, `rakmorsb bxprbsaikbs mb oe oebh bhti ti,, sb sbkt ktar arsb sb bs bshu huhj hjom omi i y bktb bktbkm kmam ami, i, ci huoc huoc ki sb pu pubm bmb b ci cifr fror  or  sabgprb hik itros pbrsikos. ]og`aák og`aák jo` jo`cog cogis is mb voc vociro irohaø haøk, k, bs bsto to agp agpcah caho o uko o`brtu o`brturo ro tit titoc, oc, bs oqub oq ubcccco o ohbp ohbpto toha haøk øk pir pir port portb b mb co po porb rbdo do mb ocf ocfuk ukis is jbhji jbhjiss i sbktagabktis qub pubmbk sbr hostafomis sihaocgbktb, tbkbr co opbrturo o bxprbsor hisos qub cb jofok sbktar má`ac i hrataho`cbs bk itris hiktbxtis, huok hu okmi mi bk co rb rbco coha haøk øk sb ci cifr fro o co oh ohbp bpto toha haøk øk,, bs bsto to mo morï rï pos posb b o co outirrbvbcohaøk fbkbrokmi bk co pbrsiko sbktagabktis mb hocambz y opiyi qub bs hik hiksbh sbhubk ubkhao hao mb co aktaga aktagamom mom,, bst bsto`c o`cbha bhabkm bkmi i `ab `abkbs kbstor tor bk co porbdo. ^ir ci tokti poro pisbbr uko rbcohaøk øptago sb mb`bk i`tbkbr bk co porbd porbdo o co ccbfor hiks hikstatuha øk mb co aktagamo aktagamom, m, qubmb kicosabgpr sabgprb b sbrï pisat pisatavo, avo, bs gïs eïhac otatuhaøk co ohbptohaøk y vocamohaøk itro pbrsiko. Xbfôk Xbfô k Xïkhjbz(0 Xïkhjbz(0>?:) >?:) kis gbkh gbkhaiko aiko o co tbirço mb co ei eirgoha rgohaøk øk maïma maïmaho ho qub pcoktbo qub co porbdo sb vo eirgokmi o trovás mb eosbs i btopos qub sb mb`bk b`bk higp higpcb cbto torr. Xbfô Xbfôk k bst stb b bk bkei eiqu qub, b, huo uokm kmi i ki sb va vavvbk higpcbtogbktb mahjos btopos, gïs tormb i gïs tbgproki co rbcohaøk sb vbrï qub`roktomo.Xb gbkhaiko hakhi eosbs pir cos qub mb`b otrovbsor  timo porbdo josto ccbfor oc higprigasi. ?. ^br ^brhbp hbphaø haøk k mb sagaca sagacatum tumbs bs y otr otrohh ohhaøk aøk4Bk 4Bk bst bsto o pra pragbr gbro o bto btopo, po, co porbdo bstï bk co `ôsqubmo mb rosfis hiakhambktbs, bs ojç mikmb kohb co otrohhaøk, ki sabgprb bstis rosfis sik afuocbs,sagpcbgbktb sb pubmbk higpcbgbktor higpcbgbktor.. 0. Op Opo osai aiko koga gab bkt kti4 i4 Oquç quç co porb orbdo yo sab abk ktb qu qub b jo joyy guh uhjo jo hiakhambkhao bktrb og`is, bs mbhar sb sabktbk –higpcbgbktomis‗ bsti hikccbvo o uk frok bktusaosgi qub pihi o pihi sb hikvabrtb bk oposaikogabkti, cis sbktagabktis sik guy aktbksis y joy uko ambocazohaøk mbc itri. (Bsto btopo ki bs guy corfo) 8. Bkogi Bkogirogab rogabkti kti sbrbki4 sbrbki4 Bk bsto btopo co porbdo porbdo sb mo hubkto qub ki timi bs pbrebhti higi porbhço oktbrairgbktb, sb higabkzok o pbrh pb rha` a`ar ar ci ciss cçg cçgatb atbss qub qub pubm pubmbk bk tbkb tbkbrr jo joha hao o bc itri itri,, co ag agof ofbk bk ambocazomo qub sb tbkçok pihi o pihi sb vb gïs rbocasto cis mbebhtis). =. Aktrim Aktrimuhha uhhaøk øk mb co hikshabkha hikshabkhao4 o4 Bk bsto eosb prbm prbmigako igako co rozøk rozøk y vicuktom, oukqub yo ki sbo co rbcohaøk hicir mb riso oôk sb mbsbo huctavor bc vçkhuci. Qo Qo ki sik cos acusaikbs y co posaøk qub goktabkb co rbcohaøk saki bc okïcasas y hikvahhaøk mb sbfuar duktis.

 

2. Eirg Eirgoh ohaø aøk k mb co maom maomo o y higp higpri riga gasi si44 ^i ^irr ôc ôctatagi gi sb ccccbf bfo o o co eirgoc eir gocazo azohaø haøk k mbc vçk vçkhuc huci i y bst bsto`c o`cbhb bhbrr bc hig higpri prigas gasi, i, oqu oquçç sb higa hi gabk bkzo zo o vb vbrr co rb rbco coha haøk øk o eutu euturi ri y gb gbma maok okog ogbk bktb tb o jo johb hbr  r  pcokbs, sb vbk higi uk sastbgo hbrromi, sb eadok kirgos, rutakos, subÿis y cçgatbs. Co tbirço mb co eirgohaøk maïmaho mahb qub cos rbcohaikbs sb tirkok søcamos huokmi homo uko mb cos btopos sb vavb higpcbtogbktb.

]BIPÇO ]PAOKFRCOP MBC OGIP (GOQCAK) Xtbrk`brf (?1:5) pcoktbo su tbirço traokfucor mbc ogir, qub jo i`tbkami habrto bvambkhao bgpçraho. ^oro bstb outir bc ogir tabkb trbs higpikbktbs `ïsahis4 Co aktagamom, bc higprigasi y co posaøk. Co posa posaøk øk hirrbspikmbrço hik bc bkogirogabkti, y higi bstb sb masporo mb eirgo rïpamo y tog`aák tabkmb ta bkmb o otbkuorsb vbcizgbktb. Bk co tbirço bc higpri higprigas gasi i vo hrbhabkmi mb eirgo cbkto o co por qub sb tigok mbhasaikbs mb higportar bk porbdo. Bc hikhbpti mb aktagamom   bs gïs higpcbdi bk Xtbrk`brf, higprbkmb hikmuhtos qub oquç sb jok akhcuami bk itris oportomis higi bc opbfi, co higukahohaøk is coqub migakokhao. Ciss hi Ci hikh khbp bpti tis qu b bgpc bgpcbo bo bsto bsto tbir tbirço ço si sik k hi higp gpcb cbdi diss y ki sik sik akmbpbkmabktbs ukis mb itris. Xa `abk hikhbptuocgbktb ki bxastb uko rbcohaøk housoc bktrb bccis sa bstïk hikbhtomis erbhubktbgbktb. EOC]O ^IKBP AKEIPGOHAØK MBC ]PAÏKFRCI

:. BC HIKECAH HIKECAH]I ]I BK C CO O^ ^OPBD OPBDO O (GACOFP (GACOFPA]IX A]IX)) Cos rbcohaikbs ohtuocbs mbktri mb co porbdo bstïk bvicuhaikokmi y bk co goyirç goy irço o mb hosis, hosis, bc gotrag gotragika ikai i bstï bstï hog hog`ao `aokmi kmi guy rïp rïpamo amogbk gbktb. tb. Bxastbk eohtirbs sihaocbs qub akecuybk bk cos rbcohaik rbcohaikbs bs mb porbdo, b bss pir  bcci qub gïs mbc 2>% mb cis gotragikais tabkmbk o mavirhaorsb, bsti suhbmb bk poçsbs higi RXO, y bk habrtis poçsbs buripbis. Co goyirço mb porbdo porbdoss bgp bgpabz abzok ok o vav vavar ar duktis duktis sak uk hig higpri prigas gasi i bxp bxpcçh cçhati ati,, osç tog`aák goktabkbk rbcohaikbs murombros mbsmb jiforbs sbporomis. Xbfôk maebrbktbs akvbstafohaikbs bsti sb mb`b o co eocto mb prbporohaøk psahicøfaho poro oeriktor tokti pri`cbgos y hikecahtis qub suhbmbk mbktri mb co rbcohaøk mb porbdo.  Osagasgi, cis hog`ais sihaocbs sihaocbs akhrbgbktok cis hhikecahtis, ikecahtis, bs pir bcci qub sb mb`b mb rbqubrar mb uk bktrbkogabkti bspbhaoc b akhcusi uk prifrogo mb prbvbkhaøk. Bc hikecahti bk co porbdo higprbkmb ïrbos, qub goyirgbktb sb irafakok si`rb cos rbspikso`acamombs y bc pimbr pimbr,, mbktri mb bstos tbkbgis4 o. Aktagamom4   Higpr Higprbk bkmb mb cis cis cçga cçgatb tbss bx bxas astb tbkt ktbs bs bk bc from fromi i mb aktagamom, uko vbz si`rbposomis bstis oebhtok BX]O, co bxprbsaøk mb oebhti, mbtoccbs, bth.

 

`. Higprigasi4 Pbeabrb bc fromi mb akvbrsaøk qub homo bspisi pikb

bk co porbdo, CI HROC bs uk bseubrzi hikmuhtuoc poro goktbkbr i gbdiror co rbcohaøk. h. Migakokhao4 Oebhto bc `ocokhb bktrb bc pimbr y hiktric bk co tigo mb mbh mbhasa asaikb ikbss mb co por porbdo bdo.. Oqu Oquçç akt aktbrv brvabk abkbk bk mastak mastaktis tis bcbgb bcbgbkti ktiss tocbs higi4 makbri, tabgpi mb ihai, mastra`uhaøk mbc tro`odi bk hoso, bth. m. Opbfi4 Xubcb oprbkmbrsb muroktb co akeokhao ci huoc sb outigotazo, osagasgi sb oprbkmb bk co eogacao mb irafbk bk rbspubsto o uko sicacaha si hatu tum m mb oy oyum umo. o. Cos Cos bx bxpb pbht htot otav avos os mb mbkt ktri ri mb co rbco rbcoha haøk øk sb hikvabrtbk bk pbtahaikbs, cos huocbs bk hosi mb ki sbr hugpcamos fbkbrok pri`cbgos frovbs bk co porbdo, cis huocbs ki sabgprb sik bxpcçhatis, o`rabkmi posi o bgihaikbs eubrtbs qub ki oyumok o sicuhaikor bc pri`cbgo. b. ^ri`cbgos bk co higukahohaøk y rbsicuhaøk mb pri`cbgos4 Huokmi oporbhb uk hikecahti outigïtahogbktb cis gbhokasgis mb co porbdo ohtôok poro rbsicvbrci, sak bg`orfi guhjos mb cos vbhbs bc tabgpi subcb ovokzor y ki sb ccbfo o sicuhaikor bc hikecahti ci huoc irafako qub safok guctapcahïkmisb, y sb icvamo bc vbrmombri irafbk mbc pri`cbgo. Bs pir bcci qub poro bc hikecahti bk porbdos sb tabkmb o tro`odor hik co tbropao hifkatavi-hikmuhtuoc, pubsti qub sb hbktro bk co higukahohaøk y rbsicuhaøk mb pri`cbgos. e. Uaicbkhao4 Co goyirço mb porbdos ohumbk o hiksucto mb`ami o qub prbsbktok bpasimais i pri`cbgos hik co vaicbkhao, sak bg`orfi sici uko uk o pb pbqu qubÿ bÿo o port portb b mb bs bsti tiss gbkh gbkhai aiko ko o bs bsto to hi higi gi uk gi gitatavi vi rbcbvoktb poro pbmar oyumo. Bktrb cos housos mb co vaicbkhao sb bkhubktro co eocto mb jo`acamombs pir portb mb cis jig`rbs poro gokbdo gok bdorr hik hikeca ecahti htis, s, yo qub bst bstis is subcbk subcbk sbr gbk gbkis is osb osbrta rtavis vis y prbsbktok gbkir hopohamom poro co rbsicuhaøk mb pri`cbgos. Xbfôk Joceirm (0>>>) cos maebrbkhaos mbktri mb co porbdo pubmbk ougbktor  co pri`o`acamom mb vaicbkhao ki vbr`oc gabktros tokti cos gudbrbs ougb ou gbkt ktok ok bk hifk hifkah ahai aikb kbss kbfo kbfotav tavos os,, co coss qu qub b co coss hi hikc kccb cbvo vok k o prbsbktor mbprbsaøk i oksabmom. Xbfô Xb fôk k Forh Forhço ço (0 (0>0 >0??) rbeabrb qub bxastbk habrtos ïrbos mb hikecahti mb co porbdo.

Bc pimbr  ]bkabkmi bkabkmi bk hubk hubkto to cos rbsp rbspikso ikso`acamo `acamombs4 mbs4 quab quabk k sb bkhorfo mb johb jo hbrr cos cos hi hiso soss y qu quaá aák k mb mbha hamb mb ci qub qub jo joyy qu qub b jo johb hbrr. Bs Bsto toss mbhasaikbs o`orhok ospbhtis tok eukmogbktocbs higi4 Cos eakokzos, bc huamomi mb cis jadis, cos rbcohaikbs sihaocbs, bth. Co aktagamom

 

Co ak aktataga gamo mom m sb hiks hikstru truyb yb hik hik uk uko o sb sbpo poro roha haøk øk mb co eoga eogacao cao mb irafbk, mokmi prairamom oc itri bk co outirrbvbcohaøk y bk co tigo mb mbhasaikbs. ^ir bsi uki mb cis tbgos gïs hikecahtavis sb mo bk cos rbcohaikbs hik co eogacao mb irafbk bs bstb.

Co posaøk, bc oebhti, co sbxuocamom Bc ogi ogirr vo sustatu sustatuybk ybkmi mi oc bko bkogir giroga ogabkt bkti, i, co pos posaøk aøk aka akahao haocc vo mokmi posi o co aktagamom y oc horaÿi, pbri ki pir bsi sb pubmb pbrmbr co otrohhaøk qub sb sabktb pir bc itri higi i`dbti y sudbti sbxuoc. Higukahohaøk Huok Hu okmi mi sb pr prim imuh uhbk bk ci ciss hi hike kecah cahti tiss y sb iraf irafak akok ok potr potrik ikbs bs mb higukahohaøk qub akecuybk bk bc pri`cbgo y hikmuhbk eakocgbktb o co sbporohaøk. FPR^I O 1. HIGI XIK XIK CIX H HIKEC IKECAH]I AH]IX X BK CO ^OPBDO OPBDO (LOPIC (LOPIC)) Bstisrtoktbs hikecahtis sbgoyir mor b bk k cis opbraimis ciskbk qub qubhikecahtis ihurrbk agpi agpirtoktb s y hik gpubmbk oyir pri`o` pri`o`acamom acamom qub ssb bbk irafa irafakbk hikec ahtishog`ais frov frovbs, bs, higi bc hog`ai bk co potbrkamom, gotbrkamo gotbrkamom, m, bc o`okmiki mbc jifo jiforr mb cis jadis, co du`acohaøk, ocfuko bkebr ebrgbmom frovb, bth. th. pubmbk sbr  mbsbkhombkoktbs mb uk pri`cbgo qub pubmb ccbvor o ho`i o ci corfi mb guhji tabgpi sabkmi sabkmi guy maeçhac bkhiktror u uko ko socamo o sus aktbrohhaikbs aktbrohhaikbs y mashusaikbs. Mbsmb uk bkeiqub hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc sb jok okocazomi hik mbtoccb høgi sik cis potrikbs mb rbcohaøk bk cos porbdos hik pri`cbgos, si`rb timi bk co higukahohaøk y bk cos jo`acamombs mb rbsicuhaøk mb pri`cbgos. sb jok ambktaeahomi sus higpikbktbs hikmuhtuocbs, hifkatavis y easaicøfahis4 o) Hig Higpik pikbkt bktbs bs hikmu hikmuhtu htuocb ocbs4 s4  Co rbhaprihamom kbfotavo bs bc potrøk

gïs pri`cbgïtahi bs huokmi o uko higukahohaøk kbfotavo sb rbspikmb fbkbrocgbktb hik itro higukahohaøk kbfotavo pir portb mbc itri y pubmb oho`or bk uko bshocomo mb vaicbkhao.

^otrikbs mb higukahohaøk pri`cbgïtahis Fittgok qub pubmbk hikmuhar o co porbdo oc mavirhai (?11:) 4 co hrçtaho, co ohtatum mbebksavo, bc mbsprbhai y jo`cor guhji poro qub bc itri ki pubmo mor su ipakaøk. `) Hi Higp gpik ikbk bktb tbss hifka ifkata tavi viss 4   bstï bstïk k os osih ihao aomi miss oc hi hike kecacaht hti i y o vb vbhb hbss

pubmbk mbsbkhombkorci.

 

Co otbkhaøk sbcbhtavo 4  Cis gabg`ris mb co porbdo tabkmbk o vociror mb

eirgo guy mae eirgo maebrb brbktb ktb co erbhub erbhubkha khao o hik co qub ihur ihurrbk rbk mbtb mbtbrga rgakom komos os hikmuhtos.

Otra`uhaikbs4  Xb vb higi uk bcbgbkti kbhbsorai poro su sicuhaøk mb pr pri` i`cb cbgo gos, s, mb oquç oquç co agpi agpirt rtok okha hao o mb qu qub b co coss otra otra`u `uha haik ikbs bs bs bstá ták k rbocazomos hirrbhtogbktb. Bxpbhtotavos 4 Xa ki tabkbk bxpbhtotavos mb sicuhaøk co pisa`acamom mb qub

ci ciss pr pri` i`cb cbgo goss sb rb rbsu subc bcvo vok k sik sik gbki gbkirb rbs, s, sb mb mbdo do mb `ush `ushor or y mb aktbktorci. Xupisahaikbs y bstïkmorbs4   Xa oporbhb uko mashrbp mashrbpokhao okhao bktrb ci qub

hrbb hrbbk k y ci qub pbrha pbrha`b `bk k qu qub b bs bc go gotra tragi gika kai, i, ci ciss pri` pri`cb cbgo goss bstï bstïk k osbfuromis.. Xak bg`orfi, cos maebrbkhaos rbocbs bktrb cis bstïkmorbs mb og`is higpikbktbs tabkbk piho hirrbcohaøk hik bc kavbc mb sotaseohhaøk mbc gotragikai.

Cos hr Cos hrbb bbkh khao aoss ar arro roha haik ikoc ocbs bs 4  Bstor bk mbsohubrmi bs mbstruhtavi poro co rbcohaøk, cis gabg`ris mb co porbdo mb`bk sbr hopohbs mb ovbrafuor cis mbsbis, pbksogabktis y bgihaikbs mbc itri. h) Higp Higpik ikbk bktb tbss easai easaicø cøfa fahi his4 s4 cos maebrbkhaos easaicøfahos bktrb jig`rbs y gudbrb gud brbs. s. bk bc jig`rb jig`rb gubstr gubstrok ok akhrbgb akhrbgbkti ktiss gïs ogpcais ogpcais mb ohtav ohtavamo amom m outikøgaho oktb bc bstrás, hog`ais qub sb masporok gïs eïhacgbktb y tormok gïs bk rbhupbrorsb qub bk co gudbr. Agpo Ag poht hti i o co corf rfi i pc pcoz ozi i mb mbcc hi hike keca caht hti i go gotr trag agik ikao aocc 4   Rk hik hikeca ecahti hti hikt hi ktak akuo uomi mi ccbv ccbvo o o uko uko go goyi yirr ohta ohtavo voha haøk øk y uk go goyi yirr bs bstr trás ás bk sus sus higpikbktbs y bsto pubmb sbr co bxpcahohaøk mbc trbgbkmi agpohti qub tabkb bk co socum tokti eçsaho y gbktoc bk cis mis gabg`ris mb co porbdo y bk sus jadis. mbcc akmavamui poro oeriktor  Hikecahti gotragikaoc y socum4   Co akhopohamom mb co rbcohaøk mb porbdo sb rbcohaiko hik eocto mb jo`acamombs i pri`cbgos bgihaikocbs y pir itro portb cis pri`cbgos bk co porbdo akecuybk bk su socum eçsaho y gbktoc.

?>.HIKECAH]I ?>. HIKECAH]I GO]PAGIKAOC GO]PAGIKAOC Q XR AKECRBKHAO BK CIX JADIX Bc hikecahti gotragikaoc tabkb uk agpohti kbfotavi bk bc higpirtogabkti mb cis kaÿ kaÿis is.. Oukqub Oukqub co i`sbrv i`sbrvoha ohaøk øk bs hig higôk ôk bk psahic psahicifç ifço o hcç hcçkah kaho, o, gubstro co rbcohaøk bktrb cis hikecahtis bktrb cis pomrbs y cis pri`cbgos mb hikmuhto mb cis jadis< ki bs eïhac mbgistror pir bxpbrabkhao qub bstis pri`cbgos sb mb`bk bxhcusavogbktb o hikecahtis bk cis pomrbs.

Erbhubkhao4  Huokti gïs erbhubktbs cis hikecahtis joy akmahais mb qub gïs tbkmbkhao tbkmrï bc kaÿi o co vaicbkhao y gïs oebhtomi sb vb.

 

Aktbksamom4  Co ofrbsaøk eçsaho bstï gïs rbcohaikomo hik cis pri`cbgos qub cos ofrbsaikbs vbr`ocbs i cos mb gbkir aktbksamom. Gimi Gi mi mb bxp xprrbsaø bsaøk4 k4 Hirrbcohaiko hik bc pukti oktbrair. Xb mastakfubk mastaktos eirgos4 eçsaho, ki vbr`oc y vbr`oc. HIK]BKAMI9  OH]ROCGBK]B4 HIGI CO ^OPBDO OEPIK] OEPIK]O O CO AKECRBKHAO MB XRX JADIX. ??. OUOKHB OKHBX X BK CO ]B ]BPO PO^A ^AO O MB ^OP OPBD BDO O HIFK HIFKA] A]AU AUII-HI HIKM KMRH RH]R ]ROC OC Q I]POX Co tbropao hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc aktbrvabkb bk cis pri`cbgos mb porbdo higi maeahuctombs bk co aktagamom, hikecahtis bk bc higprigasi, bc opbfi, sabkmi bstis portb eukmogbktoc bk uko rbcohaøk, bsto tbropao tabkb higi i`dbtavi `rakmorcbs i rbeirzor sus jo`acamombs higukahotavos y rbsicuhaøk mb hikecahtis, bk bebhti, itris mb cis i`dbtavis mb co tbropao sik4 o) Cifro Cifrorr goyi goyirr hog`ai bk sus hikmu hikmuhtos htos kbfo kbfotavos tavos bgpcb bgpcbokmi okmi bc hiktroti hikmuhtuoc. `) Cif Cifror ror uko gbd gbdir ir higuka higukahoh hohaøk aøk y gbdirb gbdirbss jo` jo`aca acamom mombs bs por poro o co rbsicuhaøkhhifkatavis mb pri`cbgos. h) Hog`ais ifkatavis po poro ro gokbdor hrbbkhaos, otra`uhaikbs, bth. OMAHAIKOC4 ]áhkahos mb co tbropao tbropao bk porbdo hik bc bkeiqub bkeiqub hifkatavi hikmuhtuoc o.  Aktbrhog`ai mb hikmuhtos pisatavos bk co porbdo4 Bsto táhkaho sb pubmb bktbkmbr higi uk hog`ai bk co rbcohaøk mb porbdo. Xb troto mb aktrimuhar higpirtogabktis pisatavis bk co porbdo. Bs pisa pi satatavi vi bk bktb tbkm kmbr br qub qub ho homo mo pb pbrs rsik iko o kb kbhb hbsa sato to su ratgi ratgi po poro ro hog`aor, y bktbkmbr cis higpirtogabktis pisatavis higi uk ohti johao gbdiror co rbcohaøk. higukahohaøk ahohaøk bk co porbdo4 Bsto táhkaho hiksastb bk `.   ]áhkahos mb higuk uk bktrbkogabkti bk cos jo`acamombs mb higukahohaøk kbhbsoraos poro por o pimbr pimbr goktbk goktbkbr br uko hikvbr hikvbrsoh sohaøk aøk.. Xb `us `usho ho opr oprbkm bkmbr br o johbr prbfuktos, o mor akeirgohaøk, tigor co poco`ro, bshuhjor  ohtavogbktb, bgpotazor. Xb eigbkto co bxprbsavamom mb cis pripais sbktagabktis y kbhbsamombs, ci qub kis fusto y ci qub ki, mb uko gokbro hikstruhtavo y ki moÿako hik bc itri. Bvatokmi jistacamombs, hrçtahos, rbprihjbs, prbvocbhabkmi bc bxprbsor ci qub sb sabktb mb eirgo pisatavo. h. ]áhkahos mb rrbsicuhaøk bsicuhaøk mb hikecahtis4

Xubcb mbsorriccorsb o co vbz, i mbspuás mb jo`br gbdiromi bc bstaci higukahotavi mb co porbdo. Xb rbhigabkmo sbfuar cos safuabktbs eosbs4

 

◉ Bkhi Bkhiktror ktror uk gigbkti gigbkti ombhuomi ombhuomi.. ◉ Mbeak Mbeakar ar mb eirgo bspb bspbhçeah hçeaho o huïc bs b bcc hike hikecahti cahti o rbsi rbsicvbr cvbr,, y hbktrorsb bxhcusavogbktb bk ác. ◉ Hig Higpor portar tar cis sbktagab sbktagabkti ktiss bk rbcoh rbcohaøk aøk o bcci bcci,, y omg omgata atarr bc popbc ohtavi qub tabkb homo uki. ◉ ^co ^coktb ktbor or bc pri` pri`cbg cbgo o higi oc ocfi fi qub po poso so bkt bktrb rb cis mis mis,, y ki ocfi pri`cbgïtahi mbc itri. ◉ Hbktrorsb hikduktogbktb bk cos pisa`cbs sicuhaikbs ◉ Otb Otbkmb kmbrr o cis pris pris y hikt hiktros ros mb cos ip iphai haikbs kbs qub qub porb porbhbk hbk gïs eohta`cbs. ◉ Higprigbtbrsb rbhçprihogbktb hik co mbhasaøk bcbfamo.

Bvocuohaøk Xb rb rboc ocaz azo o uk okïc okïcas asas as eu eukh khai aiko kocc mb co coss hi hikm kmuh uhto toss pri` pri`cb cbgï gïtataho hoss `osïkmikis bk bc gitavi mb hiksucto, tbkabkmi higi i`dbtavi mbshu`rar  co coss ïr ïrbo boss mb hike hikecacaht hti i b am ambk bktae taeah ahor or hø høgi gi sb go goka kaeaeabs bsto tok k o gi gimi mi mb hikmuhtos, pbksogabktis y bgihaikbs, poro qub mb bsto gokbro sb pubmok utacazor bvocuohaikbs qub sb odustbk oc pripøsati qub sb mbsbo i`tbkbr bkopbfi `osb oy co bstb, pir itriyocomi, bvocuor co posaøk, bc aktagamom, qub tog`aák akecuybk bs bk agpirtoktb co rbcohaøk mb porbdo. Bxastbk bshocos qub oyumok o bvocuor bc prifrbsi mb co tbropao, bstos sik4 ❕   Bshoco

mb Odustb Goratoc (Cihlb y Voccohb, ?121) ❕   Co Bshoco mb Odustb Maïmahi (Xpokabr, (Xpokabr, ?165) ❕   Bc Hubsta Hubstaiko ikorai rai mb ^brhbp ^brhbphaø haøk k mb hik hikeca ecahti htiss bk co rbc rbcoha ohaøk øk mb porbdo (^H^-BOC) mb Bmgukmi Orávoci Orávoci (0>?6) ❕   Hubstaikorai si`rb hikmuhto sbxuoc sbxuoc bxastbktb mb Hïhbrbs (?115)

Bk huokti oc gitavi mb hiksucto, bc tbropbuto sb pubmb pcoktbor uko sbrab mb prbfuktos mb tapi fbkbroc (Hørmivo y Dohi`sik, ?118)4 ◉ ¹Høgi oebht oebhto o o co porb porbdo9 do9 ◉ ¹Huïcbs sik cis bcbgbktis qub cis mavambk9 ◉ ¹Høgi sb g gokaeabstok okaeabstok bstis bcbgbktis bk co rb rbcohaøk9 cohaøk9 ◉ ¹Huïc bs bs bc higprigasi mb co porbdo hik co rbcohaøk9 ◉ ¹Huïcbs sik sik cos eirtocbzos q qub ub johb johbk k qub sb goktb goktbkfok kfok dukti duktis9 s9 ◉ ¹Høgi cbs p pubmb ubmb oyumor oyumor bc trotog trotogabkti abkti9 9 @arhjcbr, Miugos y Eocs-Xtbwort (?111) pcoktbok qub sb mb`bk bvocuor  cos safuabktbs ïrbos poro cis pri`cbgos hikyufocbs4 ◉ Horïhtbr. Mbtbhtor sa bxastb ocfuko psahipoticifço bk cis gabg`ris akmavamuocbs. ◉ Hik Hiktb tbxxti hu huct ctu uroc y siha sihaooc. Akhcuybkmi cis ospbhtis hucturocbs y sihaocbs qub pubmok irafakor pri`cbgos.

 

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Hiktroti. Bxpbhtotavos agpcçhatos akochokzo`cbs i maseukhaikocbs. ortç huci. Higprigasi hik co hikhbphaøk utacazomo bk bstb ortçhuci. Huamomi. Aktbrhog`ai mb hikmuhtos pisatavos. Higukahohaøk poro mbtbhtor pri`cbgos i eocto mb jo`acamombs. rbcohai aikb kbss mb pi pimb mbrr y Hopohamom poro rbsicvbr pri`cbg cbgos,   rbcoh migakokhao.

Xb ohtôo si`rb cos bxpbhtotavos mb sicuhaøk y mb hiktakuamom mb co rbcohaøk mb co porbdo.

]rotogabkti Bk bc trotogabkti sb utacazok táhkahos beahohbs bk huokti o cis pri`cbgos yo mbeakamis oktbrairgbktb, poro bcci, o co porbdo sb cb mb`b `rakmor timo co akeirgohaøk kbhbsorao tokti higi su beahohao y cagatohaikbs. Xb `usho cifror4 ➝

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Ak Aktb tbrrhog` hog`ai ai mb hikmu ikmuht htoos pisa pisata tavo vos4 s4   Xb aktbkto gimaeahor co hikmuh hik muhto to utacaz utacazokm okmi i táh táhkah kahos os poro poro rbo rbocaz cazor or hik hiktro trotis tis,, mb afu afuoc oc gokb go kbro ro sbpisatavos. bg bgpc pcbo bok k du dubf bfis is qu qub b prip pripah ahao aok k bc ak aktb tbrh rhog og`a `ai i mb hikmuhtos Bktrbkogabkti bk jo`acamombs mb higukahohaøk y mb rb rbsi sicu cuha haøk øk mb pri` pri`cb cbgo gos. s. Xb pcoktbo uk trotogabkti bshocikomi y omoptomi o homo porbdo qub higabkzo hik bc bktrbkogabkti bk cos cos jo`acam amo ombs kbhbsoraos aos hik bc eak mb goktbkbr uko hikvbrsoh hikv brsohaøk, aøk, cifror cifror bxprb bxprbsor sor mbsb mbsbis is y sbkta sbktagabkt gabktis. is. Mbsp Mbspuás uás `usho co rbsicuhaøk mb pri`cbgos, sb bksbÿo si`rb co bshuhjo ohtavo y si`rb hbktrorsb bk cos sicuhaikbs. Hog Ho g`a `ai is hif ifka kata tavvis4   Xb trot troto o mb mbtb tbht htor or y rbbs rbbstr truh uhtu turo rorr co coss otra`uhaikbs, bxpbhtotavos, hrbbkhaos arrohaikocbs, bth.< sb prihbmb o gimaeahorc gimaeahorcos, os, bcagak bcagakokmi okmi otra` otra`uhaik uhaikbs bs o gitav gitavis is i aktbk aktbkhaik haikbs bs ihuctis, gimbrokmi i hog`aokmi cos bxpbhtotavos.

Beahohao mb co tbropao tbropao mb porbdo porbdo hifkatavi hi hikmuhtuoc kmuhtuoc hcïsaho4 Xbfôk vorais bstumais, sb jo mbtbrgakomi qub bktrb uk 8>% o 2>% mb cos porbdos ohumbk o tbropao pir cos hikstoktbs mashusaikbs i rbhoçmos qub fbkbrok bstomis mb ïkagi kbfotavis. ^ir bccis, co tbropao bs co pragbro iphaøk, uk bcbgbkti eukmogbktoc bs bc aksafjt poro primuhar bc hog`ai bk co porbdo, cifrokmi qub4 ◌ Cos porbdos porbdos qub oh ohumbk umbk o tbro tbropao pao hog hog`aok `aok mb uk bst bstomi omi mb b bstrás strás o uki orgøkahi.

 

◌ Bk cos mash mashusaik usaikbs bs mb porbdo, porbdo, bc tbropbuto tbropbuto akt aktrimu rimuhb hb uk bcbg bcbgbkti bkti mb kbutrocazohaøk, poro agpbmar bc hikecahti y ougbktor co hikeaokzo bk ác. ◌ Gbdiro mb co aktagamom aktagamom y trotogabkti mb cos b bgihaikbs gihaikbs ◌ Gbdiro co hopoham hopohamom om mb co porbdo mb mbhamar mbhamar y mb gokb gokbdor dor mb eirgo eirgo orgikaiso cis `abkbs i rbeubrzis qub higportbk

I`dbtavi tbropáutahi4 ]BPO^AO BKEIHOMO BK CO BGIHAØK Bsto tbropao hiksastb bk qub co porbdo jo`cb mb sus bgihaikbs pragoraos. Hik co eakocamom mb mbgistror su mb`acamom oc itri y mbshu`rar sus puktis vuckbro`cbs Muroktb co tbropao sb `usho qub bc qub bshuhjo bxprbsb ohbptohaøk, mb gokbro qub bc qub gubstro sus bgihaikbs sabkto bc sipi si pirt rtb b qu qub b kb kbhb hbsa sato to.. Ci Cifr frok okmi mi qub qub co otbk otbkha haøk øk sb mb mbsv svçb çb y co coss mashusaikbs tbrgakbk. ]BPO^AO HIFKA]AUI HIKMRH]ROC Bgpcbo cissbhigpikbktbs ohbptohaøk bgihaikoc, ohbptohaøk titoc, qub vo gotazokmihcïsahis hik bc co posi mbc tabgpi y hik co cohikvavbkhao. Bsto tbropao `usho qub bc gabg`ri mb co porbdo qub quabrb qub sb rbocahb uk hog`ai ohbptb mbsmb uk kubvi pukti mb vasto qub bc itri ki ci rbocahb. Cos táhkahos qub sb utacazok poro prigivbr co ohbptohaøk4 •Bgpotço tço4 Mbsorri ricccor uk bktbkmagabkti mbc pri`cbgo higprbkmabkmi y rbspbtokmi bc pukti mb vasto mbc itri, oukqub ki  dustaeahïkmisb. •I`d •I `dbt btav avam amom om44 Hiks Hiksbf bfua uarr vb vbrr bc pri` pri`cb cbgo go hi hik k uk tatakt ktb b gb gbki kiss bgihaikoc. •]icbrokhao4 Pbmuhar co bgihaøk kbfotavo qub houso co hikmuhto i sus rbsuctomis mbc høkyufb. •Out •Outih ihua uamo momi mi.. Xb tr trot oto o mb hog` hog`ao aorr co prip pripao ao hi hikm kmuh uhto to po poro ro hiksbfuar bk itro portb ci qub co porbdo ki mo, •Ohbptohaøk4 Hrbor co higprbksaøk mbc itri y bk hiksbhubkhao sb gbdiro co aktagamom.

^PIHBXIX ^OPO PBXICUBP CIX HIKECAH]IX BK CO ^OPBDO. • ^ragbri4 Hiksbfuar rbspubstos pisatavos kbfotavos tokti mb uki higi mbc itri, poro gimaeahor cis sbktagabktis y hikmuhtos. ?. ?.Bm Bmato atorr bc pbks pbksog ogab abkt kti i poro poro bv bvatator or bk bktr tror or bk co rbha rbhapr prih iham amom om kbfotavo i bk bc potrøk bk bc qub co gudbr otoho y bc jig`rb sb rbtaro.

 

0. 0.Bs Bsto to`c `cbh bhbr br rb rbco coha haik ikbs bs osbr osbrtatavo voss po poro ro om omga gatatarr co ak akececub ubkh khao ao rbspbtuiso mbc itri 8.Xurfb bc oebhti pisatavi qub bvato co ohtatum mbebksavo mbc itri y oyumo o hocgor co bxhatohaøk easaicøfaho. • Xbf Xbfukm ukmi4 i4 Ogpcao Ogpcaorr co hok hoktam tamom om mb bsp bspoha ohai i gbk gbktoc toc qub mbmaho mbmaho hom homo o gabg`ri mb co porbdo o higprbkmbr y hikihbr bc gukmi mbc itri. • ]brhbri4 Mbsorriccor co omgarohaøk y oebhti pir bc itri, bs uk oktçmiti mbc mbsprbhai. (vocirohaøk)

?0.HIKHCRXAIKBX - Cos Cos bs bstr truh uhtu turo ross mb cos po porb rbdo doss vorço vorçok k mb ohu ohubr brmi mi oc hik hiktb tbxt xti i sih sihao aoc,c, rbcafaisi, bhikøgahi i fbifrïeahi. - ^or ^oro o i`tbkb i`tbkbrr gïs akeirgo akeirgohaø haøk k si`rb si`rb cos rbco rbcohai haikbs kbs aktb aktbrpb rpbrsi rsikoc kocbs bs cis cis psahøcifis hcçkahis y sihaocbs mb`bk tro`odor duktis. - Bs agpirt agpirtoktb oktb akhrb akhrbgbkto gbktorr bc higprigas higprigasi i bk co p porbdo orbdo,, yo qub huok huokmi mi co co porbdo bs hikshabktb mb co agpirtokhao mb hiksbfuar sus pripais i`dbtavis tabkmbk o bseirzorsb o rbsicvbr sus hikecahtis. - Xa co coss po porb rbdo doss higp higpor ortb tbk k `abk `abkbs bs y hik hikmu muht htos os sb cb cbss joh johb b gïs ma maeç eçha hacc rigpbr su rbcohaøk yo qub sb akhrbgbktok sus bseubrzis poro hiktakuor  -

 duktis. Co hiktakuamo hiktakuamom mm mb b co rbcohaøk rbcohaøk bs akecub akecubkhao khaomo mo pir co p prbsaø rbsaøk k sihaoc sihaoc.. Bc mbso mbsodus dustb tb gotragik gotragikaoc aoc pub pubmb mb akhrbgb akhrbgbkto ktorr bc ra rabsf bsfi i y co coss rbh rbhoçm oçmos os m mb b itros poticifços higi co mbprbsaøk.