Sejarah Teori Antropologi II

 

Tojgrgf ]oark Ghtrapacalk KK (Povkow) Ngryg: Naohtjgrghkhlrgt. 7;;2

Tojgn gwgc torjgmkhyg torjgmkhyg kceu ghtrapacalk mkmgsgrngh gtgs pohocktkgh naepgrgtki. Nahsopsk pgrg pgngr ghtrapacalk soportk J.J @gdfaioh, C.F Earlgh, O.@ ]ycar, fghyg mgpgt eoe`ghmkhl-`ghmkhlngh eoe`ghmkhl-`ghmkhlngh ovacusk no`umgyggh. no`umgyggh. \gcgupuh \gcgupuh moeknkgh, juecgf gfck ghtrapacalk yghl tkmgn eohyungk mgh `gfngh eohacgn dgrg pohocktkgh naepgrgtki  mgcge ghtrapacalk, ghtrapacalk, nkhk dunup `ghygn. Mgcge Mgcge ghgcksks naepgrgtki, naepgrgtki, eohurut eorong, soarghl pohocktk eohdg`ut uhsur-uhsur no`umgyggh mgrk nahtons egsygrgngt yghl fkmup uhtun mkjgmkngh sgtugh-sgtugh `ghmkhlgh (Naohtjgrghkhlrgt 7;;2:7). O. Co Cogd gdf, f, lu luru ru `o `osg sgrr ghtr ghtrap apac acal alkk Ca Cahm hmah ah _hkv _hkvor orsk skty ty,, pg pgck ckhl hl `g `ghy hygn gn eoro eo roeo eofn fngh gh

ghgc ghgcks ksks ks

gh ghtr trap apac acal alkk

naep naepgr grgt gtki ki..

Mgcg Mgcge e

`u `unu nuhy hyg, g,

Potf Potfkh khnk nkhl hl

 Ghtfrapacaly  Ghtfrapa caly (7;97), kg eohygegngh eohygegngh arghl yghl eocgnungh pohocktkgh naepgrgtki  naepgrgtki  mohlgh soarghl pohluepuc nupu-nupu nupu-nupu.. Tomghlngh Tomghlngh Na``oh eohlgtgngh `gfwg gmghyg nomug lacahlgh gfck ghtrapacalk pohtkhl moek noegjugh kceu ghtrapacalk. Ngrohg Ngro hg kceu ghtrapa ghtrapacalk calk `ort `ortuju ujugh gh eohdgpg eohdgpgkk pohlort pohlortkgh kgh eohloh eohlohgk gk tkhlngf tkhlngf cgnu egnfcu egn fcun n eghus eghuskg kg pgmg pgmg ueueh ueuehyg yg eocgc eocgcuk uk up upgy gyg g eo eoepo epocg cgjgr jgrkk mg mgtg` tg`org orglg lge e no no`u `umg mgygg yggh, h, tghp tghpg g poho pohockt cktkgh kgh na naepg epgrgt rgtki ki kce kceu u tohtu tohtu tkm tkmgn gn gm gmg g grtkhy grtkhyg g `kcg `kcg nktg nktg eohlfohmgnk tordgpgkhyg lohorgcksgsk-lohorgcksgsk eohlohgk tkhlngf cgnuegnfcun eghuskg (Naohtjgrghkhlrgt 7;;2:4). Tocghjuthyg Naohtjgrghkhlrgt eoe`gfgs oepgt johks pohocktkgh naepgrgtki, eosnkpuh uhtun johks portgeg (ygnhk ( ygnhk pohocktkgh naepgrgtki mohlgh tujugh eohyusuh

7

 

sojgrgf no`umgyggh eghuskg sodgrg khiorohskgc) tkmgn mkurgkngh eohmotgkc ngrohg tocgf mk`gfgs mk `g` 4, 9,mgh < mgcge jkckm K. Johks nomug (ygnhk pohocktkgh naepgrgtki  uhtun uhtun eohdgp eohdgpgk gk pohl pohlort ortkgh kgh eohlo eohlohg hgkk praso prasos s po poru` ru`gf gfgh gh no no`u `umg mgygg yggh h mg mgcge cge egsygrgngt) egsygrgng t) sorkhl mkluhgngh ghtrapacal so`glgk eotamo pohocktkgh cgpghlgh cgpghlgh,, `gkn mkgnrahkn egupuh skhnrahkn. Eotamo mkgnrahkn torjgmk gpg`kcg pohocktk eohluepucng eohluepucngh h mgtg othalrgik mgcge sugtu naeuhktk pgmg sggt tortohtu mgh mkucghl `o`orgpg `o`orgpg tgfuh noeumkgh noeu mkgh pgmg naeuhktk naeuhktk yghl sgeg. Eotamo Eotamo skhnrahk skhnrahkn n torjgmk torjgmk jkng poh pohockt ocktkk pgm pgmg g wgntu `orsgeggh eohluepucngh mgtg othalrgik mgcge mug naeuhktk mohlgh cgtgr  `ocgnghl no`umgyggh othkn yghl sgeg, totgpk naeuhktk yghl sgtu nogmgghhyg rocgtki  to tork rksa sacg cgsk sk

mg mgh h

tort tortut utup up,,

somg somghl hlng ngh h

naeu naeuhk hktk tk

cgkh cgkhhy hyg g

nogm nogmgg gghh hhyg yg

to tor` r`un ung g

(Naohtjgrghkhlrgt 7;;2:72). Johks Joh ks notklg notklg (ygnhk (ygnhk poho pohockt cktkgh kgh naepg naepgrgt rgtki ki uh uhtun tun tgxah tgxahaek aek no`um no`umgy gygg ggh) h) toregsu tore gsun n sgeg pohtkhlhyg pohtkhlhyg mohlgh soeug soeug upgyg upgyg kcekgf kcekgf cgkh mgcge mgcge ghtrapa ghtrapacal calkk ngrohg ngro hg soeug soeug ghtrapa ghtrapacal cal yghl eohlgh eohlghut ut nahsopsk nahsopsk ovacusk ovacusk no`umgy no`umgyggh ggh pgmg pgmg fgnkn fgnkngt gthyg hyg julg julg eocgn eocgnung ungh h ncgski ncgskikng kngsk sk ng ngroh rohg g `o `orgl rglge ge no no`u `umg mgygg yggh h mk mu muhkg hkg mknocaepanngh mgcge tkhlngtgh ovacusk (Naohtjgrghkhlrgt 7;;2:72). Johks nooepgt (ygnhk pohocktkgh naepgrgtki uhtun eohlujk narocgsk ghtgrg uhsur, ghtgrg prghgtg mgh ghtgrg ghtg rg lojgcg lojgcg no`umg no`umgyggh yggh luhg luhg eoe`ugt eoe`ugt lohorgc lohorgcksgs ksgskk eohloh eohlohgk gk tkhlngf tkhlngf cgnu eghuskg pgmg ueuehyg) tocgf mkcgnungh sojgn gwgc mgcge ghtrapacalk. Eksgchyg, ]ycarr yghl `orupgy ]yca `orupgyg g eoeghtgp eoeghtgpngh ngh nahsops nahsopskhyg khyg eohloh eohlohgk gk prasos prasos ovacusk ovacusk mgrk tkhlngt egsygrgngt egtrkgrdfgto no tkhlngt pgtrkgrdfgto mohlgh eohlfktuhl juecgf na naroc rocgsk gsk (]yca (]ycarr eohl eohllu luhg hgng ngh h kst kstkcg kcgf f gmfo gmfoska skahs) hs) yg yghl hl gm gmg g gh ghtgr tgrg g gm gmgt gt kstkgm kstkgmgt gt

0

 

dauvgmo dau vgmo mohlgh mohlgh gwgc mgrk prasos prasos ovacusk ovacusk torso`u torso`utt mgcge mgcge 422 egsygrgngt egsygrgngt yghl torso`gr cugs mk muhkg (Naohtjgrghkhlrgt 7;;2:79). pohocktkgh drass-ducturgc yghl tocgf mknoe`ghlngh L.R. Eurmadn (7;2 mktocktk> ^0U gmg ghtrapa ghtrapacal cal yghl khlkh eohocktk eohocktk sgep sgepgk gk mkeghg mkeghg nahsop-nahsop gtgu toark-toark psknacalk yghl mknoe`ghlngh `ormgsgrngh mgtg mgrk no`umgyggh Orapg @grgt mgh Georkng `orskigt uhkvorsgc sortg mgpgt mktorgpngh pgmg khmkvkmu-khmkvkmu yghl fkmup mgcge no`umgyggh mgh egsygrgngt mk cugr ckhlnuhlgh ktu> mgh ^4U gmg yghl khlkh eohmosnr eohmosnrkpsk kpskngh ngh noprk`g noprk`gmkgh mkgh ueue pohmum pohmumun un mgrk no`umgyggh tortohtu mohlgh dgrg yghl co`kf kcekgf (Naohtjgrghkhlrgt 7;;2:4;). Rocg Ro cgnu nu

ghtr ghtrap apac acal alkk

pskn psknac acal alkk

port portg geg

kg kgcg cgf f

Putf Putf

@oho @ohomk mkdt dt

yg yghl hl

eocgnsghgngh eotamo ghgcksks ksk (dahtoht ghgcysks) torfgmgp ektacalk Zuhk uhtun eohdgrk toeg-toeg dgrg `orpknkr yghl nahskstoh mgcge dorktg-dorktg dorktg-dorktg sudk ktu. Ngrohg noprk`gmkgh noprk`gm kgh Ruo`ca socgcu eohdgrk nosocgrgsgh nosocgrgsgh egng eorong `orwgtgn Gppacahkgh. Gppacahkgh. Tomghl Tom ghlngh ngh no`umg no`umgyggh yggh Ma`u mkcunksng mkcunksngh h @ohomkd @ohomkdtt so`glg so`glgkk no`umg no`umgyggh yggh `orjkwg `orjkwg sdfkzapfrohkgh mohlgh wgrlg-wgrlg yghl socgcu `orskngp durklg mgh tgnut nopgmg sosgeghyg, sosgeghy g, tkmgn sung eohacahl mgh `orlatahl rayahl (Naohtjgrghkhlrgt (Naohtjgrghkhlrgt 7;;2:=7=4). Tocghjuthyg, ghtrapacal yghl khlkh eohlujk nahsop mgh toark psknacalk kgcgf @. Egckhawsnk. Mgcge eohlgegtk egsygrgngt ]ra`rkghm yghl egtrkckhogc, kg eockfgt `gfwg fu`uhlgh ghtgrg ghgn prkg mgh gygf `kgsghyg `orskigt sghtgk, gnrg` mgh `orsgfg `ors gfg`gt `gt.. ]anaf ]anaf norg`gt norg`gt yghl eohurut eohurut gmgt gmgt fgrus fgrus eohlgtu eohlgturr mgh eohlugs eohlugsgk gk fkmup ghgn gmgcgf sgumgrg prkg k`u. Fgc khk eohlkhlgtnghhyg pgmg toark Aomkpus daepcox mgrk T. Iroum yghl nahah sodgrg uhkvorsgc eohjgmk sue`or mgrk `ghygn lghllugh houratkn mgcge jkwg eghuskg. Cgcu Egckhawsnk eohygtgngh `gfwg mgcge no`umgyggh pohmumun ]ra`rkghm yghl `orgsgsngh egtrkckhogc ktu, lojgcg naepcons Aomkpus ktu tkmgn gngh gmg, ngrohg gygf `ungh tanaf norg`gt yghl `ornowgjk`gh

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eohlgtur sk ghgn, sofkhllg kg tkmgn pucg `orskngp atarktor torfgmgp ghgn-ghgnhyg. To`gcknhyg, sgumgrg prkg k`u, yghl eohjgmk tanaf yghl eohlgtur fkmup soarghl khmkvkmu khmk vkmu,, eorupgng eorupgngh h tanaf tanaf uhtun uhtun skgpg skgpg kg tkmgn tkmgn porc porcu u eorgsg eorgsg nfgwgtkr nfgwgtkr eohjgmk eohjgmk sgkhlgh sgkh lghhyg. hyg. (Naohtjg (Naohtjgrghk rghkhlrg hlrgtt 7;;2:=9 7;;2:=9-=