SECTION 16710 Communication Circuit Rev 0
Short Description
SECTION 16710 Communication Circuit Rev...
Description
SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
TABLE OF CONTENTS Item No
Title
PART 1
GENERAL .................. ........................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............... ......1 1
1.01
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION OF WORK .................. ............................ ................... .................. ................... ................... ................... .................1 .......1
1.02
SECTION INCLUDES................ INCLUDES......................... .................. ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ..................1 ........1
1.03
RELATED SECTIONS SECTIONS ................... ............................ ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ................... .............. .... 1
1.04
REFERENCES................... REFERENCES.. ................. ................. ................. ................. .................. ............. 1
1.05
DEFINITIONS............................ DEFINITIONS........... ................. ................. ................. ................................. ................ ................. ........ 3
1.06
SUBMITTALS................. SUBMITTALS ................. ................. ................. ................. .................. ................. 4
1.07
QUALITY CONTROL ................... ............................ ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ............... ......5 5
1.08
HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ............................... .............. ................. ....................... ................ ....... 5
1.09
SERVICE CONDITIONS.............. CONDITIONS ............................... ................. ................................. ................ ................. ...................... ................ ...... 5
1.10
FACTORY FACTORY TESTING TESTING ................... ............................ ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................6 .......6
1.11
COORDINATION COORDINATION .................. ........................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. .............. .....7 7
1.12
DELIVERY, DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE STORAGE .................. ........................... ................... ................... ................... ............. ... 7
PART 2
PRODUCTS PRODUCTS .................. ........................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............ ... 8
2.01
GENERAL .................. ........................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............... ......8 8
2.02
EXTERIOR CONDUCTOR CONDUCTOR CABLES .................. ............................ ................... ................... ................... .................. ........... .. 8
2.03
INTERIOR CONDUCTOR CONDUCTOR CABLES .................... ............................. ................... ................... ................... ..................13 ........13
2.04
FIBER OPTIC CABLES ................... ............................ ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ...................16 .........16
2.05
HYBRID POWER AND COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION CABLES................. CABLES........................... ................... ............ ... 21
2.06
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PROTECTOR PROTECTOR REQUIREMENTS REQUIREMENTS ....................21 ....................21
PART 3
EXECUTION EXECUTION ................... ............................ ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ..................22 ........22
3.01
GENERAL .................. ........................... .................. ................... ................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............. ....22 22
3.02
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS PRECAUTIONS .................. ........................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ..................22 ........22
Rev 0
Page No
i
Contract No:
SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
TABLE OF CONTENTS Item No
Title
PART 1
GENERAL .................. ........................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............... ......1 1
1.01
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION OF WORK .................. ............................ ................... .................. ................... ................... ................... .................1 .......1
1.02
SECTION INCLUDES................ INCLUDES......................... .................. ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ..................1 ........1
1.03
RELATED SECTIONS SECTIONS ................... ............................ ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ................... .............. .... 1
1.04
REFERENCES................... REFERENCES.. ................. ................. ................. ................. .................. ............. 1
1.05
DEFINITIONS............................ DEFINITIONS........... ................. ................. ................. ................................. ................ ................. ........ 3
1.06
SUBMITTALS................. SUBMITTALS ................. ................. ................. ................. .................. ................. 4
1.07
QUALITY CONTROL ................... ............................ ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ............... ......5 5
1.08
HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ............................... .............. ................. ....................... ................ ....... 5
1.09
SERVICE CONDITIONS.............. CONDITIONS ............................... ................. ................................. ................ ................. ...................... ................ ...... 5
1.10
FACTORY FACTORY TESTING TESTING ................... ............................ ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................6 .......6
1.11
COORDINATION COORDINATION .................. ........................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. .............. .....7 7
1.12
DELIVERY, DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE STORAGE .................. ........................... ................... ................... ................... ............. ... 7
PART 2
PRODUCTS PRODUCTS .................. ........................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............ ... 8
2.01
GENERAL .................. ........................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............... ......8 8
2.02
EXTERIOR CONDUCTOR CONDUCTOR CABLES .................. ............................ ................... ................... ................... .................. ........... .. 8
2.03
INTERIOR CONDUCTOR CONDUCTOR CABLES .................... ............................. ................... ................... ................... ..................13 ........13
2.04
FIBER OPTIC CABLES ................... ............................ ................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ...................16 .........16
2.05
HYBRID POWER AND COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION CABLES................. CABLES........................... ................... ............ ... 21
2.06
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PROTECTOR PROTECTOR REQUIREMENTS REQUIREMENTS ....................21 ....................21
PART 3
EXECUTION EXECUTION ................... ............................ ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ..................22 ........22
3.01
GENERAL .................. ........................... .................. ................... ................... ................... ................... .................. ................... ................... ............. ....22 22
3.02
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS PRECAUTIONS .................. ........................... .................. ................... ................... .................. ................... ..................22 ........22
Rev 0
Page No
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Contract No:
SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
TABL E OF CONTENTS CONTENTS (Contd .) Item No
Title
Page No
3.03
SETTING UP....................... UP...... ................. ................................. ................ ................. ................. ................. ............ 23
3.04
INSTALLATION OF FIBER OPTIC CABLES....................... CABLES....... ................................ .............................. .............. 25
3.05
GROUNDING GROUNDING ................... ............................ .................. ................... ................... .................. .................. .................. ................... ..................29 ........29
3.06
TESTING AND COMMISSIONING............... COMMISSIONING......................... ................... ................... ................... ................... ............... .....29 29
Rev 0
ii
Contract No:
SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
PART 1
GENERAL
1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK A.
This Section specifies the manufacture, testing and installation of underground communication cables and in building cables used primarily for voice frequency transmission. This Section includes conductor cables and fiber optic cables.
B.
Where works interface with Saudi Telecommunication Company (STC), the equipment/materials and installation shall comply with STC standards latest revision, and shall be reviewed and approved by the STC.
1.02 SECTION INCLUDES A.
This Section includes exterior and interior conductor cables for communication, fiber optic cables, hybrid power and communication cables and primary and secondary protector requirements.
1.03 RELATED SECTIONS A.
Section 01320
Construction Progress Documentation
B.
Section 01330
Submittal Procedures
C.
Section 01410
Regulatory Requirements
D.
Section 01450
Quality Control
E.
Section 01650
Product Delivery Requirements
F.
Section 01660
Product Storage and Handling Requirements
G.
Section 01810
Commissioning
H.
Section 16060
Grounding and Bonding
I.
Section 16720
Telephone and Intercommunication Equipment
J.
Section 16726
Installation of Telecommunication Facilities
K.
Section 16740
Communication and Data Processing Equipment
L.
Section 16820
Sound Reinforcement
1.04 REFERENCES A.
Rev 0
The referred codes and standards are intended to provide an acceptable level of quality for materials and products. In case of conflict between these standards and the text of this Specification, the Specification text shall govern.
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Contract No:
SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
B.
The latest revision of the referred codes and standards shall be used wherever applicable. In case of conflict, the Contractor shall propose equipment conforming to one group of codes and standards.
C.
STC
D.
Rev 0
Saudi Telecommunication Company Specifications
1.
STC 9730-500.100
Fiber Optic Cable, Underground Placing Procedures
2.
STC 9730-501.150
Fiber Optic Cable, Description and Preparation for Jointing
ASTM
American Society for Test and Materials
1.
ASTM B3
Standard Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire
2.
ASTM D93
Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by PenskyMartens Closed Cup Tester-IP Designation
3.
ASTM D150
Standard Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
4.
ASTM D257
Standard Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
5.
ASTM D412
Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers -Tension
6.
ASTM D470
Standard Test Methods for Crosslinked Insulations and Jackets for Wire and Cable
7.
ASTM D573
Standard Test Method for Rubber-Deterioration in an Air Oven
8.
ASTM D618
Standard Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
9.
ASTM D746
Standard Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics and Elastomers by Impact
10.
ASTM D924
Standard Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
11.
ASTM D1047
Standard Specification for Jacket for Wire and Cable
12.
ASTM D1169
Standard Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulation Liquids
13.
ASTM D1203
Standard Test Methods for Volatile Loss From Plastics Using Activated Carbon Methods
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Poly(Vinyl
Chloride)
Contract No:
SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
E.
14.
ASTM D1248
Standard Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion Materials For Wire and Cable
15.
ASTM D1535
Standard Practice for Specifying Color by Munsell System
16.
ASTM D1603
Standard Test Method for Carbon Black In Olefin Plastics
17.
ASTM D1693
Standard Test Method for Environmental StressCracking of Ethylene Plastics
18.
ASTM D1784
Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
19.
ASTM D2219
Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Insulation for Wire and Cable, 60°C Operation
20.
ASTM D2240
Standard Test Method Durometer Hardness
TIA/EIA
1.
F.
IEC 1.
G.
H.
I.
Telecommunication Industry Association/Electronic Association
Industries
Standard Test Procedure for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables, Transducers, Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices, and Other Fiber Optic Components
Low-Frequency Cables with Polyolefin Insulation and Moisture Barrier Polyolefin Sheath International Standard Organization
ISO 527
Plastic-Determination of Tensile Properties National Fire Protection Association
NFPA 70
RUS 1.
1.05
IEC 60708
NFPA 1.
Property-
International Electrotechnical Commission
ISO 1.
Rubber
TIA/EIA-455-B
for
National Electric Code Rural Utility Services
RUS PE-90
Specification for Totally Filled Fiber Optic Cable
DEFINITIONS A.
Rev 0
attenuation: A measure of the decrease in energy transmission “or loss of light” expressed in decibel (dB). In optical fibers, attenuation is primarily due to absorption and scattering losses.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
B.
coating: A layer of composite plastic material covering the fiber to provide mechanical protection.
C.
multimode fiber (MMF): A fiber that allows more than one optical mode to propagate. Used for shorter distances; usually a larger diameter fiber of plastic or other low-cost material.
D.
operating wavelength: The light wavelength at which a system is specified, normally expressed in nanometers (nm). Most single mode fibers can operate at 1300 or 1550 nm.
E.
optical link loss budget: optical fiber system.
F.
single mode fiber (SMF): A fiber that supports the propagation of only one mode. Used for maximum distances; usually a small, precise diameter (8 to 9 microns) fiber of monolithic quartz.
G.
splice loss: The amount of loss of light energy caused by angular misalignment, fiber end separation or lateral displacement of fiber axes.
H.
wave division multiplexing (WDM): Multiplexing of signals by transmitting them at different wavelengths through the same fiber.
Total losses allowed for satisfactory operation of an
1.06 SUBMITTALS A.
B.
Rev 0
The Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission, under the provision of SECTION 01330, the following items for review and approval before commencing Work: 1.
Detailed dimensioned Shop Drawings.
2.
Manufacturer’s data sheets indicating the necessary installation dimensions, weights and materials.
3.
Factory test reports.
4.
Certificate of compliance stating that the materials used conform to all requirements of this Specifications.
5.
A list of manufacturers of all items indicated for under this Specification.
6.
Copies of catalogs of all equipment to be furnished.
7.
Manufacturers suggested list of 2 years spare parts.
8.
Operation and Maintenance Manuals.
9.
Quality program as specified in SECTION 01450.
After installation and commissioning of the equipment, the Contractor shall submit the following:
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
1.
As-built drawings of complete system.
2.
All test results and commissioning reports to show all tests specified have been performed and all requirements have been met.
3.
Field test report.
1.07 QUALITY CONTROL A.
The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality of work and shall develop and proposed the methods of construction and testing such as to achieve the specified quality to the approval of the Royal Commission in accordance with SECTION 01450.
1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS A.
All works undertaken in relation to this Specification are to be completed in full accordance with the respective health and safety requirements established by the following: 1.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia a)
2.
Royal Commission Regulations a)
3.
Standards, Contractual Conditions, and Health and Safety Systems.
Contractor a)
B.
Legislation, Regulation, Standards and Codes.
Health and Safety Standards and Systems as accepted by the Royal Commission.
In the absence of any of the above, best accepted industry practice shall be employed throughout.
1.09 SERVICE CONDITIONS A.
All the equipment/materials installed indoor shall be suitable for continuous operation under the following service conditions: 1.
Rev 0
Ambient Air Temperature a)
A maximum of 40°C.
b)
A minimum of 0°C.
c)
Average temperature, measured over a period of 1 month, is a maximum of 35°C.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
2.
B.
a)
For a period of 24 hours, does not exceed 95%.
b)
For a period of 1 month, does not exceed 90%.
All the equipment/materials installed outdoor shall be suitable for continuous operation under the following service conditions: 1.
C.
Relative Humidity (Average Value)
Ambient Air Temperature a)
A maximum of 50°C.
b)
A minimum of 0°C.
c)
Average temperature, measured over a period of 1 month, is a maximum of 45°C.
2.
Altitude is less than 1000 m, unless a higher altitude is specified in Contract Drawings.
3.
Average Value of the Relative Humidity a)
For a period of 24 hours, does not exceed 95%.
b)
For a period of 1 month, does not exceed 90%.
c)
Relative humidity may be temporarily 100%.
Strong winds frequently occur during frontal passages in winter and during sandstorms in summer. Sustained wind velocities are of the order of 15 m/s with gusts recorded as high as 43 m/s.
1.10 FACTORY TESTING A.
All the equipment/material shall be tested at factory. The Contractor shall notify the Royal Commission in writing not less than 30 days prior to the scheduled starting date of the factory tests.
B.
The Royal Commission reserves the right of deputing their representative for witnessing the factory test.
C.
Upon completion of factory test, and before shipment of the equipment/material, the Contractor shall submit 5 certified copies of test reports not later than 10 days after the completion of all factory tests for review/approval of the Royal Commission.
D.
On arrival at site the equipment/material shall be checked per the Royal Commission approved Contractor’s ‘Quality Manual.’
Rev 0
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
1.11 COORDINATION A.
The Contractor shall be held responsible for the proper coordination of all phases of the work under this Contract.
B.
It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to coordinate the work and equipment as specified herein with work to be performed and equipment to be furnished under other Sections of the specifications in order to assure a complete and satisfactory installation.
C.
The Contractor is responsible for obtaining any required permits/work authorization under this contract.
1.12 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE A.
The Contractor shall deliver, handle and store equipment and material units in accordance with SECTIONS 01650 and 01660, as well as the following requirements: 1.
Rev 0
The Contractor shall: a)
Ensure equipment and materials are delivered to site originally packed, securely wrapped and labeled by manufacturer in unopened containers. Protect materials during delivery to comply with manufacturer’s direction.
b)
Store materials at building site strictly according to manufacturer’s instruction.
c)
Avoid damage or distortion of the materials during handling and shipment or transportation.
d)
Be responsible for damages of equipment/materials occurring during transportation or storage of the product.
e)
Fill in forms required by Contract Quality Manual.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
PART 2
PRODUCTS
2.01 GENERAL A.
All goods and products covered by these Specifications shall be procured when available from an in-Kingdom manufacturer. Procurement of all goods and products manufactured out-of-Kingdom must be approved by the Royal Commission.
B.
All materials for subterranean use shall suffer no deterioration from corrosive elements found in the ground. Those materials used above ground shall suffer no deterioration from constant exposure to direct sunlight.
C.
Telecommunication cables used for in voice frequency transmission shall comply with the specification of SECTION 16726.
2.02 EXTERIOR CONDUCTOR CABLES A.
General Requirement 1.
An exterior cable conductor containing a joint, made during manufacture, shall have a tensile strength of not less than 90% of that of an adjacent equal length of conductor not containing a joint.
2.
The tensile strength shall be a minimum of 200 MPa. The percentage of permanent elongation after completion of testing shall be as shown in Table 2A.
TABL E 2A:
CONDUCTOR AND INSULATION – DIMENSIONS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Dimensions
3.
Rev 0
Mechanical
Conductor Diameter
Insulated Conduct or Diameter
Conductor Elongation
Nominal (mm)
Nominal (mm)
Minimu m (%)
0.40
0.71
12
0.50
0.90
14
0.65
1.15
15
0.90
1.57
15
For any length of unloaded cable the loop conductor resistance shall not exceed the values given in Table 2B.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
TABLE 2B:
Conductor Diameter (mm)
Av erag e DC Resis tan ce f or all Pairs ( /km) at 20°C
Maximum DC Resis tance of any one Pair ( /km) at 20°C
0.40
144
150
0.50
92
96
0.65
54
57
0.90
28
30
TABL E 2C:
B.
COLOR SCHEME FOR PAIRS WITHIN 25 PAIR UNIT
Pair Number
Conductor “ A”
Conductor “ B”
1
White
Blue
2
“
Orange
3
“
Green
4
“
Brown
5
“
Grey
6
Red
Blue
7
“
Orange
8
“
Green
9
“
Brown
10
“
Grey
11
Black
Blue
12
“
Orange
13
“
Green
14
“
Brown
15
“
Grey
16
Yellow
Blue
17
“
Orange
18
“
Green
19
“
Brown
20
“
Grey
21
Violet
Blue
22
“
Orange
23
“
Green
24
“
Brown
25
“
Grey
Conductor Insulation 1.
Rev 0
CONDUCTOR DC RESISTANCE OF UNLOADED CABLE
Each conductor shall be insulated with a cellular, colored insulating grade polyethylene, conforming to ASTM D1248.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
C.
D.
Rev 0
2.
The cells produced by the expanding process shall be uniformly distributed circumferentially and shall be substantially non-intercommunicating.
3.
The nominal thickness of the insulation shall be such that the electrical and mechanical requirements of this Specification are met.
4.
The insulation shall be colored as shown in Table 2C. The colors shall be readily identifiable and durable.
5.
The maximum melt flow index shall be 0.5.
Core Wrapping 1.
The core shall be wrapped with a continuous layer or layers of a nonhygroscopic dielectric material, forming a compact and circular core. The wrapping shall have a minimum overlap of 30% of the wrapping width or 5 mm whichever is greater. If required for manufacturing reasons, the centre core may be similarly wrapped.
2.
The wrapping shall not adhere to the insulation or the shield.
3.
An identification tape, durably marked at 900 mm maximum intervals with the manufacturer’s name or code and the year of manufacture of the cable, shall be placed longitudinally, straight or in a spiral, under or over the wrapping.
Filling 1.
The interstices between conductors and core wrapping shall be filled with a water repellant compound such that migration of moisture into the cable is effectively prevented.
2.
The filling compound must not have any harmful effect on the other materials of which the cable is made and must not change or blur the colors of the insulated conductors and identification markers.
3.
The filling compound shall be easily removable from the insulated conductors without damage to the insulation, must not emit hazardous or unpleasant vapor and not contain skin irritants or poison.
4.
The filling compound must not influence the long-term stability of the electrical properties of the cable.
5.
The filling compound proprieties are as follow: a)
The drop point shall not be lower than 80°C.
b)
The flash point shall not be less than 230°C.
c)
There shall be no separation of the constituents forming the compound with time or at the expected operating temperatures.
d)
The volume resistivity shall not be less than 10
12
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Contract No:
SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
E.
F.
e)
The dielectric constant shall not exceed 2.2.
f)
The dissipation factor shall not exceed 0.0015.
g)
The thermal expansion of the compound shall be such that no internal stresses are set up within the cable under extreme temperatures.
Shielding 1.
The shield shall consist of a 0.2 mm ± 0.025 mm aluminum tape coated on both sides with a protective plastic coating which will bond to the outer polyethylene sheath. Minimum thickness of coating shall be 0.03 mm.
2.
The tape shall be applied longitudinally with an overlap joint of at least 6 mm and shall be electrically continuous throughout the cable length.
Outer Polyethylene Sheath 1.
The sheath shall consist of a tough, weather resistant, high molecular weight polyethylene compound meeting the requirements of ASTM D1248.
2.
The sheath shall be circular, free from pinholes, joints, mended places or other defects. For cables with a nominal diameter greater than 25 mm, the ellipticity of the outer circumference shall not exceed the ratio 1:1.2.
3.
The average thickness at any cross-section shall not be less than 90% of the specified thickness. The minimum spot thickness shall be not less than 70% of the specified thickness.
4.
The nominal thickness of the sheath shall depend on the overall thickness of the cable as shown in Table 2D.
5.
Resistance to environmental stress cracking shall not allow more than 2 failures from 10 tested specimens.
6.
The carbon black content shall be 2.5 ± 0.5% by weight.
7.
The water vapor permeation rate shall not exceed (0.13 × D) grams per 100 m per week, where D is the internal diameter of the polyethylene sheath in millimeters.
8.
Maximum cable diameters shall be as shown in Table 2E.
TABL E 2D:
Rev 0
SHEATH THICKNESS
External Diameter of Cable Core (mm)
Nominal Thickn ess of Sheath (mm)
Up to 25
1.5
25 to 35
1.8
36 to 40
2.0
40 to 65
2.5
65 to 85
2.8
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
TABLE 2E:
MAXIMUM CABL E DIAMETER
Maximum Cable Diameter (mm) For Conductor Size
Number of Pairs
9.
G.
H.
0.4 mm
0.5 mm
0.65 mm
0.9 mm
20
11
12.5
15
19.5
50
15
17.5
21.5
29
100
19.5
23.5
29.5
39.5
200
26
31.5
40.5
54
300
31
38
48
65
600
42
52.5
67
-
900
51
63
-
-
1200
58.5
72.5
-
-
1500
65.5
-
-
-
1800
71.5
-
-
-
Sequentially numbered length markers should be placed at regular intervals of not more than 1 m longitudinally on the sheath. The number shall not be less than 3 mm in height and spaced to produce good legibility.
Pulling Eye 1.
A pulling eye shall be securely attached to one end of the cable.
2.
The attachment shall have sufficient strength that no damage will be caused to the cable by pulling up to 400 m through an unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) duct with a single 90° bend of 4.6 m minimum radius at 200 m.
Pairing 1.
Two insulated conductors shall be uniformly twisted together to form a pair.
2.
The lay shall be different for each pair in a unit and shall not exceed 200 mm in length.
3.
The cable pair characteristics shall be as follow: a)
Mutual Capacitance and Capacitance Unbalance 1)
b)
The average mutual capacitance shall not exceed 44 ± 2 nF/km. Not more than 1% of the pairs shall have a value of mutual capacitance exceeding 50 nF/km. 1)
Rev 0
Mutual capacitance and capacitance unbalance measurements shall be made at 1 kHz ± 200Hz. During the measurement, the shield and all conductors other than those under test shall be connected to earth.
For capacitance unbalance, the measurements shall be corrected as follows:
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
(a)
Lengths less than 100 m being considered as 100 m. The measured values shall be divided by
1⎡
⎢
L
2 ⎣ 500
c)
+
⎤ ⎥ 500 ⎦ L
(b)
where L is the length of the cable under test in meter.
(c)
Not more than 1% of the corrected capacitance unbalance measurement between pairs shall exceed 150 pF/500 m.
Resistance Unbalance 1)
The resistance unbalance between two conductors of a pair should be less than 4% of the single wire resistance or 2% of the pair loops resistance values. Table 2F shows the maximum resistance unbalance.
2)
Resistance unbalance shall be calculated with the following formula: R (%)
=
Rmax Rmax
− Rmin × 100 + Rmin
Where: Rmax = Resistance in ohms for conductor with higher resistance value AND Rmin =
TABLE 2F:
Resistance in ohms for conductor with lower resistance value. MAXIMUM RESISTANCE UNBAL ANCE
Copper Conducto r Diameter (mm)
d)
Max. Resist ance Unbalanc e (%) Averag e
Ind ivid ual
0.4
1
2.5
0.5
0.75
2.5
0.65
0.75
2.0
0.9
0.75
2.0
Insulation Resistance 1)
The insulation resistance shall not be less than 2500 MΩ⋅km at 20°C.
2.03 INTERIOR CONDUCTOR CABLES A.
General Requirements 1.
Rev 0
Telecommunication interior cables used for in voice frequency transmission
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
shall comply with the specification of SECTION 16726.
B.
C.
2.
An interior cable conductor containing a joint, made during manufacture, shall have a tensile strength of not less than 90% of that of an adjacent equal length of conductor not containing a joint.
3.
Telecommunication cables for use in voice frequency transmission internal to buildings shall: Be flame retardant construction,
b)
Be covered with jacketing grade PVC,
c)
Consist of a non-hygroscopic inner wrapping, AND
d)
Be color coded PVC insulated copper conductors, formed into twisted pairs, cabled into layers or formed into units.
4.
All cable conductors in any single length of cable shall be of the same gage. Each conductor shall be continuous throughout its length.
5.
Joints made in the conductors during the manufacturing process shall either be butt brazed using a silver alloy solder and non-acid flux or butt welded. The joints shall be as small and smooth as is consistent with good commercial practice and shall be free from lumps or sharp projections.
Conductor Insulation 1.
Each conductor shall be covered with a continuous layer of colored semi-rigid insulating grade PVC.
2.
The PVC insulation removed from or tested on the conductor removed from the finished cable, shall be capable of meeting the following performance requirements: 2
a)
Tensile Strength
-
176 kg/cm .
b)
Elongation
-
125% minimum.
c)
Shrink Back
-
1.58 mm maximum for 5 of 6 samples; 6.35 mm maximum for remaining sample.
d)
Adhesion
-
1.36 kg maximum.
e)
Cold Bend
-
No failures.
f)
Compression
-
272 kg minimum
Core Wrapping 1.
Rev 0
a)
Core wrapping shall be as speci fied i n par. 2.02 C.1 and 2.
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D.
E.
F.
Conductor Identification 1.
The PVC compound used for conductor insulation shall be colored so that each insulated conductor may be positively identified from every other insulated conductor in the cable unit.
2.
The colors of insulated conductors supplied in accordance with this Specification shall fall within the limits of standards of color as defined by IEC 60708.
Jacketing 1.
A non-hygroscopic and non-wicking slitting cord shall be laid longitudinally over the cable core or core covering, if present, directly beneath the jacket.
2.
The jacket slitting cord shall be continuous throughout a length of cable and shall have sufficient strength to open the jacket without fracture of the cord itself.
3.
The cable core and slitting cord shall be covered with a continuous layer of jacketing grade PVC.
4.
The jacket shall be as tight on the cable core as is consistent with good commercial practice. It shall be smooth, free from openings and other defects.
5.
The nominal thickness of the jacket shall not be less than 0.89 mm for cables containing 50 insulated conductors or less, and 1.14 mm for cables containing more than 50 insulated conductors. The minimum average thickness shall not be less than 90% of the nominal and a minimum spot thickness shall not be less than 70% of the nominal.
Electrical Properties 1.
Conductor Resistance a)
2.
Insulation Resistance a)
3.
The insulation resistance between any insulated conductor and all other insulated conductors tied together and grounded shall not be less than 500 MΩ.km at 20°C.
Dielectric Withstand Voltage a)
Rev 0
The DC resistance of any conductor in any length of cable shall not exceed 153 Ω/km for 0.4 conductors, or 96 Ω/km for 0.5 conductors at a temperature of 20°C.
In each length of completed cable, the insulation between conductors shall be capable of withstanding a DC potential of 1500 V for minimum of 60 seconds.
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4.
5.
Capacitance Unbalance a)
The individual pair to pair capacitance unbalance within a sub-unit shall not exceed 150 pF for any length of 500 m at a frequency of 1000 Hz ± 200 Hz.
b)
The individual pair to pair capacitance unbalance between adjacent subunits or units shall not exceed 50 pF for any length of 500 m at a frequency of 1000 Hz ± 200 Hz.
Mutual Capacitance a)
6.
The individual pair to pair mutual capacitance shall not exceed 90 nF/km at a frequency of 1000 Hz ± 200 Hz.
Crosstalk Loss a)
The rms crosstalk loss as measured on the completed cable at a frequency of 150 kHz shall not be less than 67.9 dB/km. The rms calculation shall be based on the combined total of all pair combinations.
2.04 FIBER OPTIC CABL ES A.
General 1.
As a part of each telecommunications work order or project, detail schematic drawings shall be prepared for each fiber optic span or cable route, showing the following information: a)
Cable manufacturer.
b)
Vendor number.
c)
Cable size (number of fibers).
d)
Cable type (filled or air core).
e)
Cable make-up (dielectric or non-dielectric).
f)
Type of fiber (multimode or single-mode).
g)
Dispersion shifted or non-dispersion shifted.
h)
Transmission characteristics (dB loss/km at given wavelength and for multimode bandwidth/km).
i)
Dispersion specification in ps/(nm.km)
j)
k)
Rev 0
Fiber packaging (single fiber/loose buffer; multiple fiber/loose buffer; tight buffer, channel/groove or ribbon type, and color code). Splice-to-splice cable lengths.
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2.
B.
l)
Location of marker posts and signs.
m)
Location of splice positions in manholes.
n)
Duct/subduct allocations.
o)
Outdoor/indoor cable terminating points.
p)
Optical fiber distribution frame allocation.
For an individual link, the cable shall be the same type to ensure the same performance characteristics. This is to ensure compatibility in terms of the fiber geometrical parameters, attenuation and dispersion.
Exterior Fiber Optic Cables 1.
Basic Design Requirements a)
1)
0.5 dB/km or less at wavelength = 1,300 nm.
2)
0.3 dB/km or less at wavelength = 1,550 nm.
b)
Fiber optic cables may include an integral metallic armor if required for direct buried applications.
c)
Underground fiber optic cables shall be all dielectric (non-metallic).
d)
The minimum bending radius for fiber optic cable is: 1)
Ten times the cable diameter when the cable is not under tension.
2)
Twenty times the cable diameter when the cable is under tension.
e)
The pulling tension on fiber optic cables shall not exceed 2.57 kN (600 pounds) unless greater pulling tensions are specifically approved by the cable manufacturer. When fiber optic cable is pulled, it shall be pulled in a straight line. The cable shall never be bent or wrapped around the hand or any other object as it is pulled. Only vendor approved equipment or methods shall be used.
f)
Fiber optic cable design and construction lengths shall allow sufficient length for:
g)
Rev 0
The maximum attenuation of each fiber within a cable, when normalized to a length of 1 km, shall be:
1)
Racking in pull-through manholes.
2)
Slack at splice points minimum of 3 m.
3)
Central office and other building cabling.
4)
Slack for future splice or drop points minimum of 3 m.
To keep future new cable openings to a minimum, underground fiber optic cable splices shall be located at points where future branch splices will be required, in so far as it is practical to do so. Underground fiber optic cables shall not be cut for splicing convenience.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
h)
2.
Subduct Engineering a)
C.
A 100 mm (4 in.) diameter underground conduit that is being set up for fiber optic cable placement shall contain: 1)
Three subducts, two nos. 37.5 mm (1½ in.) - inside diameter - and one no. 25 mm (1 in.) - inside diameter, OR
2)
Four nos. 25 mm (1 in.) - inside diameter - subducts.
3)
Subducts shall have pull rope or pulling tape inside.
b)
If a subduct is to be direct buried, it shall be rigid PVC or heavy-walled polyethylene.
c)
The 3 subducts, which are placed inside a 100 mm (4 in.) conduit shall be different colors. The colors shall be orange, green, and white.
Interior Fiber Optic Cables 1.
Rev 0
CAUTION: All fusion splices shall be made outside manholes and at least 3 m away from the manhole opening. Mechanical splices may be made either in or out of manholes.
Basic Design Requirements a)
All fiber optic cables for inter-building and intra-building (building distribution system - riser and plenum applications) shall be multimode, graded-index, optical waveguide fiber.
b)
Fiber optic cables placed inside all buildings shall comply with the fire protection requirements of NEC Article 770.
c)
The optical fibers shall consist of a solid glass cylindrical core and cladding covered by Ultra Violet (UV) acrylate or equivalent coating.
d)
All fiber optic cables installed as wiring within buildings shall be air-core, Optical Fiber Non-conductive Plenum (OFNP) or Optical Fiber Nonconductive Riser (OFNR) type, with or without a non-metallic moisture barrier and shall be listed as being suitable for the purpose a nd as being resistant to the spread of fire in accordance with the NEC Article 770 Section 770-51.
e)
Inter-building or entrance fiber optic cables shall be either air-core or poly-ethylene sheath filled cables with or without metallic moisture barrier. All filled cables and cables with metallic strength member or moisture barrier shall be terminated and grounded in accordance with the NEC codes.
f)
The multimode fiber cores shall have graded (parabolic) refractive index profiles with core diameters of 62.5 ± 3 micrometers when measured in accordance with EIA-455. The core non-circularity of fibers shall not exceed 6% when measured in accordance with either EIA-455.
g)
The cladding diameter of the glass fiber shall be 125 ± 2 micrometers
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
2.
Rev 0
h)
The cladding diameter of the fiber shall be nominally concentric with the fiber core. The cladding concentricity error shall not exceed 6% when measured in accordance with EIA-455. The cladding non-circularity shall not exceed 2% when measured in accordance with either EIA-455.
i)
The Numerical Aperture of the fiber shall be 0.275 ± 0.015 when measured in accordance with EIA -455.
j)
The attenuation of the fibers within the cable shall not exceed 4 dB/km at 850 nm and 1.5 dB/km at 1300 nm when measured in accordance with EIA -455.
k)
Attenuation discontinuities in the fiber's length shall not exceed 0.2 dB at 1300 ± 20 nm when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
l)
Measurement of the attenuation shall be conducted at the wavelength specified for application and must be expressed in dB/km.
m)
The minimum bandwidth of the fiber cable shall be 160 MHz.km at 850 nm and 500 MHz.km at 1300 nm when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
n)
The optical fibers shall be coated with one or more plastic materials or compositions to preserve the intrinsic strength of the glass. The coating diameter shall be at least 250 ± 15 micrometers when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
o)
The coating concentricity error shall not exceed 16% when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
Other Design Consideration a)
The Micro-bending attenuation of the fiber shall not exceed 0.30 dB when measured at 1300 ± 20 nanometers when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
b)
The individual fiber shall withstand tensile stress of minimum 0.35 GPa (50 kpsi) for approximately one second when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
c)
The maximum force required to remove 25 mm of protective fiber coating shall not exceed 13 N when measured in accordance with EIA-455.
d)
The color designations for fiber and buffer tube identification shall be in accordance with RUA PE-90, Section-4.
e)
The outer cable jacket shall be marked at regular intervals (not to exceed 2 m) with the following information: 1)
As required by NEC Article-770 (Table-770-50).
2)
Name of manufacturer.
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D.
3)
Year of manufacture.
4)
Number of fibers in the cable.
5)
Sequentially numbered length markers in meters.
Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) 1.
WDM shall be used in case of need of increasing transmission capacity of a fiber optic.
2.
If WDM is going to be used, it shall have the following specification: a)
Operating Wavelengths:
1310/1550 nm, 980/1550 nm and 850/1300 nm.
b)
Thermal Stability (Peak to Peak): < 0.20 dB.
c)
Directivity:
≥ 50
d)
Operating Temperature:
- 40 to + 85°C (- 20 to + 70°C for PVC cable).
e)
Storage Temperature:
- 55 to + 85°C.
f)
Insertion loss and isolation specification shall be as specified in Table 2G.
g)
Bandwidth and polarization stability specification shall be as specified tin Table 2H.
dB (SMF only).
TABLE 2G: INSERTION LOSS AND ISOLATION SPECIFICATIONS
Type
Typical (db)
Peak Isolatio n (dB)
1310/1550 nm Standard
0.25
> 20
1310/1550 nm High Isolation
1.0
> 40
1850/1300 nm MMF
1.0
16
TABLE 2H: BANDWIDTH AND POLARIZATION STABILITY SPECIFICATIONS
Rev 0
Type
Bandwidth (nm)
Polarization Stability (dB)
1310/1550 nm Standard
± 20
< 0.10
1310/1550 nm High Isolation
± 40
< 0.20
1850/1300 nm MMF
± 10
N/A
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
2.05 HYBRID POWER AND COMMUNICATION CABLES A.
Hybrid power and communication cables shall be in accordance with NEC 780 and 800.
B.
Hybrid cable consisting of power, communication and signaling conductors shall be permitted under a common jacket.
C.
The jacket shall be applied so as to separate the power conductors from the communication and signaling conductors.
D.
An optional outer jacket shall be permitted to be applied.
E.
The signaling conductors shall not be smaller than 24 AWG copper.
F.
Hybrid cables shall be rated for 600 V minimum as specified by NEC 800.
G.
Composite cable of power and fiber optic shall not be used unless approved in writing by the Royal Commission.
2.06 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PROTECTOR REQUIREMENTS A.
The primary and secondary protector requirements shall be in accordance with NEC 800.
B.
Primary Protector
C.
Rev 0
1.
The primary protector shall consist of an arrester connected between each line conductor and ground in an appropriate mounting.
2.
Primary protector terminals shall be marked to indicate line and ground as applicable.
Secondary Protector 1.
The secondary protector shall provide means to safely limit currents to less than the current-carrying capacity of indoor communication wires and cable, telephone set line cords and communications terminal equipment having ports for external wire line communication circuits.
2.
Any over-voltage protection, arresters or grounding connection shall be connected on the equipment terminals side of the secondary protector currentlimiting means.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
PART 3
EXECUTION
3.01 GENERAL A.
The Contractor shall be responsible for obtaining any required permits.
B.
All equipment used to transport and place the cable shall be subject to the Royal Commission approval.
C.
The Contractor shall be responsible for providing operating and supervisory personnel with adequate knowledge and experience.
D.
All work shall be done in a workmanlike manner by competent personnel under the supervision of personnel who have prior experience in the placing of telecommunication cables including fiber optic cables.
E.
A set of working drawings shall also be at the site at all times during the works. All work shall be subject to acceptance by the Royal Commission.
F.
Deviations from the Contract Drawings and specifications shall not be permitted, except upon prior written permission of the Royal Commission.
G.
Installation of Conductor SECTION 16726.
Cables
shall
comply
with
the
specification
of
3.02 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS A.
All cables and accessory materials used in the construction of the work shall be handled with care. These facilities shall not be: 1.
Rev 0
Trampled upon, run over by vehicles, pulled along the ground or floor, over fences or metal fittings.
B.
The cable on each drum shall be inspected for cuts, kinks or other damage. Disposition of damaged items shall be to the satisfaction of the Royal Commission.
C.
The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to protect property and public and shall provide adequate warning signs, lights, barricades and no-parking signs in case of installing exterior cables.
D.
When working in jointing chambers or in overhead racks or cable grid, care shall be taken to prevent damage to cables in setting up the pulling apparatus or in placing tools or hardware. Cables shall not be stepped on under any circumstances.
E.
No personnel will be allowed to enter a jointing chamber when there is a moving winch line in the chamber and while working in the jointing chamber, no open flame is to be taken.
F.
Cable drums which are delivered to the work location and are not to be set up immediately for placing operations shall be securely blocked, or secured to a substantial support to prevent rolling.
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3.03 SETTING UP A.
The Contractor shall remove any water from the jointing chambers and shall depose of such water in a manner approved by the Royal Commission.
B.
The Contractor shall verify distances between joints before cutting cable in specific lengths, including slack for jointing and racking.
C.
The location assignment for each individual cable for any section shall be as specified on the Contract Drawings. Cables shall not be placed in locations other than those specified on the Contract Drawings without prior written approval of the Royal Commission.
D.
It shall be the Contractor’s responsibility to clean the ducts assigned for occupancy using a suitable mandrel and cylindrical brush. The use of compressed air for preliminary cleaning is encouraged but is not acceptable in lieu of brush cleaning.
E.
Ducts which will not pass a mandrel shall be reported to the Royal Commission in writing with a recommendation for correction.
F.
Drums shall be rolled in the direction indicated by the arrows painted on the drum flanges.
G.
Cable drums shall be set up on a stand that minimizes friction. The drum shall be leveled and brought into proper alignment so that the cable pays off from the top of the drum in a long smooth bend.
H.
Pulling-In and Placing
Rev 0
1.
The Contractor shall inspect the equipment set up prior to beginning each cable pulling to avoid an interruption once pulling has started.
2.
The pulling rope shall be attached to the pulling eye of the cable by means of a keystone link and swivel or equivalent means. A correctly sized cable grip or other approved alternate shall be used if no pulling eye exists.
3.
Cables shall be pulled-in using a device giving a smooth pull.
4.
Twisting of cables shall be avoided in case of simultaneous pulling-in of two cables in one duct. In no event will a cable be placed in a duct with an existing cable without written permission from the Royal Commission.
5.
A cable feeder guide of suitable dimensions shall be used between the cable drum and the face of the duct to protect the cable and guide it into the duct. The cable shall not be bent at any location in a radius less than 10 times the cable’s outside diameter.
6.
The mechanical stress placed upon a cable during installation shall be such that the cable is not permanently twisted, stretched or deformed. The cable manufacturer’s recommended pulling tensions shall not be exceeded. The coefficients of friction for PVC/polyethylene are set out in Table 3A.
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TABL E 3A:
COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION
High Density Poly
Cable PVC
I.
Rev 0
Low Density Poly
Dry Cable
Lubric ated
Dry Cable
Lubric ated
0.312
0.131
0.363
0.155
7.
The pulling tension shall be calculated by the Contractor for each length pulled.
8.
The cable shall be carefully inspected for sheath defects during pulling operation. If defects are noticed, the pulling operation shall be stopped immediately and the Royal Commission will determine what corrective action shall be taken.
9.
The cable shall be lubricated with the lubricant recommended by the cable manufacturer. Under no circumstances shall other cable lubricants be used. Soap lubricants or lubricants containing soap are definitely harmful to polyethylene sheathed cable.
10.
Cable placement shall be stopped immediately if the cable on a drum binds. The cause of the binding must be cleared to the satisfaction of the Royal Commission before the pulling-in operation is continued.
11.
Cable joints in the duct shall not be permitted, except multiple conductor plugin connectors that may be used in junction boxes.
12.
Sufficient cable shall be provided in each jointing chamber to properly rack and joint the cables as shown on the Contract Drawings. At pull through jointing chambers, sufficient additional cable shall be pulled from the end where the reel is set up using the proper size split grip.
Racking 1.
On completion of pulling-in, the cables shall be properly set on bearers around the jointing chamber walls, in all jointing chambers. Proper racking is defined as leaving sufficient cable in a jointing chamber so that a new splice may be made without adding additional cable.
2.
Cables to be jointed shall be placed on bearers of the minimum length to adequately support the cable as delineated below: a)
The bearer closest to the duct at both ends shall be slotted to accept a restrainer strap.
b)
The cable shall be restrained on the bearers so that when the splice case is placed either: 1)
The cable is no more than 5 mm from the vertical rack; OR
2)
The splice case is at least 25 mm but not more than 75 mm from the wall of the jointing chamber.
3)
Sufficient length of the cable shall be placed such that after
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
restraining, the jointing may be done in the bay between the vertical racks. 3.
Restraining of the cable shall be accomplished in such a manner as to avoid possible injury to the cable sheath.
4.
Prior to commissioning tests, the Contractor shall securely attach a tag, composed of either lead or durable plastic, to each cable entering or leaving the jointing chamber: a)
The proper code letter, designating the exchange from which the cable serves.
b)
The cable number.
c)
The complete pair count contained within the sheath. At junction or taper points a tag bearing the above information shall be affixed to each cable entering and leaving the splice closure.
3.04 INSTALL ATION OF FIBER OPTIC CABLES A.
B.
Rev 0
General 1.
All environmental conditions (petroleum, petroleum based products, thermal, chemical, mechanical, electrical conditions, etc.), which could be detrimental to the fiber optic cable when it is installed, shall be identified and all necessary action taken to protect the cable from the potential hazards in its environment.
2.
All fiber optic cables within buildings shall be installed in accordance with NEC Article 770, and marked in accordance with Table 770-50.
3.
The Contractor shall not use power cable runways (AC or DC) to support optical cables.
4.
The Contractor shall avoid a route that would stack future cables in excess of 225 kg/m on top of fiber cables.
5.
The minimum bending radius of fiber optics shall not be exceeded.
6.
The Contractor shall make a field survey of all proposed fiber optic cable installation routes to determine if there are traffic or parking problems or other unsafe conditions at proposed splice and cable pulling locations. Check each manhole, through which the cable will pass, to confirm that adequate space is available for pulling, racking and splicing the cable. Determine if other conditions exist in the field that would require change of the tentative design.
7.
Scrap pieces of fiber are dangerous and can penetrate the skin. The Contractor shall dispose of bare fiber properly by using the sticky side of a piece of tape to pick up and discard any loose ends in a container. Scrap pieces of fiber shall be cleared up from the work site and properly discarded before leaving a work site.
Subduct Placement
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
1.
When a design calls for installing fiber optic cable in an underground conduit system, always place the fiber optic cable inside a subduct. If the conduit system does not have existing subducts in one of its ducts, 3 or 4 subducts shall be placed in one of the existing ducts. It shall be remembered that one spare main duct shall be left vacant for operations and maintenance purposes.
2.
When placing subduct, the following shall be considered: a)
Do not allow the pulling length of underground subduct to exceed 455 m.
b)
Station additional personnel at pull-through manholes to:
2)
Alert the pulling personnel in the event of a mishap.
3)
Help with lubricating the subduct as it is pulled in.
Use a 380 mm minimum bending radius during installation.
d)
At pull through manholes, conduit offset shall be 230 mm or less.
e)
Lubricate the subduct throughout the pull by applying generous amounts of lubricant (use lubricant recommended by subduct manufacturer) at the: 1)
Feeding end.
2)
Pull-through locations.
In addition to the standard underground placing tools, the following special tools and equipment are required: 1)
Subduct reels.
2)
Lashing wire (to be used to secure cable grip on subducts).
3)
A number of 25 mm (1 in.) dowels or larger based on subduct size (wood or plastic) or scrap copper cable (to be used for plugging the pulling end of each subduct for a distance of 300 to 450 mm to prevent subduct from collapsing during the pulling operation).
4)
Portable 2-way radios (minimum of 2) or other reliable communications ability.
g)
Position subduct reels so that the subduct is alternately pulled from the top of one reel and the bottom of the next reel to keep the subducts from twisting during installation.
h)
Plug all subduct ends to prevent water, dirt, etc. from entering the subduct.
Subduct Placement in Occupied Ducts a)
Rev 0
Help guide subduct into the opposing duct.
c)
f)
3.
1)
When optional fiber cables or subducts need to be placed in ducts occupied by other types of cables:
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
C.
2)
Copper cables shall not be pulled after the fiber has been installed.
Subduct shall not be cut or spliced for a minimum of 24 hour after placement to allow for subduct shrinkage. Subduct splices shall only be made inside the manhole between the cable vertical racks. Threaded, self-tapping type subduct couplers shall be used to splice subducts.
Splicing Fiber Optic Cables 1.
During the splicing operations, fibers shall be handled carefully to avoid introducing flaws, breaking or scratching the fiber surface or in any way damaging the fibers (sharp bends, crushing forces, etc.).
2.
Splicing fibers shall be with an approved fusion splicing equipment or approved mechanical splices. Fiber optic splices shall be tested for splice loss as splices are being made, using an approved Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) or local injection detection.
3.
Before beginning the splicing operation, the following shall be considered:
4.
Rev 0
A minimum of 2 no. 25 mm (1 in.) subducts shall be placed.
Subduct Cutting and Splicing 1.
D.
1)
a)
The cable shall be secured in an optical fiber splice organizer.
b)
All metallic members of the cable shall be bonded and grounded. The measured ground resistance shall be 25 Ω or less.
c)
To prevent fiber damage, buffer tubes and fibers shall be handled carefully, when bending and placing in the organizer.
Comply with the following when splicing fiber optic cables: a)
When splicing the fibers, the Contractor shall follow the manufacturer's instruction for the splicing equipment being used.
b)
An approved buffer stripper shall be used.
c)
The fiber coating stripper used shall be approved for the specific size fiber being stripped.
d)
To minimize damage to the bare fiber, excessive wiping (more than 5 times) shall be avoided. Before cleaving, the fiber shall be wiped twice with a new tissue dampened with 90% grade alcohol to remove any coating debris from the stripped fiber.
e)
The fiber shall be cleaved with an approved cleaving tool. Hand scribes shall not be used for cleaving.
f)
If required, the fiber shall be wiped after cleaving to remove dirt or grease.
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SECTION 16710 COMMUNICATION CIRCUIT
5.
E.
F.
Racking of Joint Boxes in Manhole 1.
When splicing is performed inside a manhole, a straight joint can be obtained by selecting a housing with cable inlets on both sides.
2.
No excess cable has to be coiled and clamped on the manhole wall.
3.
The joint box is fitted securely to the cable brackets through a joint support.
4.
In congested manhole, where splicing inside the manhole is not possible, it is advisable to perform splicing above ground.
5.
In order to simplify the installation and handling of excess cable, housing with inlets on one side shall be used.
6.
The joint box and the cable slack can be clamped directly to the wall observing the minimum bending radius
7.
In case of very congested manholes, where there is no place for clamping the slack as described in par. 3.04 E.6, the cable slack shall be placed in a shape of loop behind the cable support on both walls of the manhole.
8.
The fiber optic cables shall be attached to the end walls of the manhole above the duct formation with cable straps.
9.
The cable straps shall be placed about 45 cm apart.
10.
In the case of cutting fiber cable between manholes, the slack can be pulled in the duct towards the break and repairs may be effected without having to replace the fiver optic cable section.
11.
In manhole or handhole, place the cable away from the opening to avoid hazard.
Link Loss Budget Requirements 1.
Rev 0
Non-metallic splice organizers shall be used for organizing fibers at splice points. Installation shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
During the design stage a link loss budget shall be prepared and included with the project proposal and design packages. The link loss budget shall include: a)
Total fiber attenuation (loss).
b)
Splice loss (including pigtail splices, if pigtails are used).
c)
Connector loss.
d)
Wave Division Multiplex (WDM) losses, if used.
e)
A margin for light source aging as per manufacturer's specification.
f)
Link loss margin of 3 dB minimum for restoration splices.
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