SCM360 Capacity Planning in ECC
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SCM360 Capacity Planning in ECC mySAP Supply Chain Management
Date Training Center Instructors Education Website
Participant Handbook Course Version: 2006/Q2 Course Duration: 5 Days Material Number: 50078805
An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work
Copyright Copyright © 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. Additionally this publication and its contents are provided solely for your use, this publication and its contents may not be rented, transferred or sold without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.
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About This Handbook This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this course, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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About This Handbook
SCM360
Icons in Body Text The following icons are used in this handbook. Icon
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Contents Course Overview ............................................................................. vii Course Goals.................................................................................vii Course Objectives ...........................................................................vii
Unit 1: Course Overview ......................................................................1 Course Overview ............................................................................. 2
Unit 2: Introduction ............................................................................5 Capacity Planning Environment ............................................................ 6
Unit 3: Integration of Capacity Planning ................................................ 15 Process Chain and Sales & Distribution ................................................. 16 Sales and Operations Planning ........................................................... 21 Material Requirements Planning, Production Order ................................... 28 Repetitive Manufacturing .................................................................. 38
Unit 4: Capacity Evaluation ............................................................... 53 Procedure and Standard Overview....................................................... 54 Detailed Capacity List ...................................................................... 63 Extended Evaluation ....................................................................... 72
Unit 5: Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form ............................................. 77 Tabular Capacity Planning Table ......................................................... 78
Unit 6: Available Capacity .................................................................. 91 Maintaining Available Capacities ......................................................... 92
Unit 7: Scheduling and Capacity Requirements ..................................... 115 Overview of Scheduling................................................................... 116 Capacity Reduction........................................................................ 138
Unit 8: Capacity Leveling in Graphical Form .........................................147 Introduction to the Capacity Planning Table............................................ 148 Scheduling Strategies ..................................................................... 160
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Contents
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Sequencing ................................................................................. 172 Special Functions and Mass Processing ............................................... 182
Unit 9: Resource Planning ................................................................193 Assigning Individual Capacities .......................................................... 194 Dispatching to Individual Capacities .................................................... 205
Unit 10: Customizing Capacity Planning...............................................215 Setting the Detailed Capacity List ....................................................... 217 Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Evaluation) ..................................... 224 System Settings for the Work Center ................................................... 239 Creating Formulas ......................................................................... 251 Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form) .................... 262 Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form) ................... 276
Appendix 1:
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Course Overview Participants learn detailed information about using capacity planning in conjunction with the available capacity.
Target Audience This course is intended for the following audiences: • •
Members of the project team Team leaders and employees of shop floor areas
Course Prerequisites Required Knowledge •
Knowledge of PPC
Recommended Knowledge • •
SCM100 – Production Planning PLM111 – Basic Data (Part 2)
Course Goals This course will prepare you to: • •
Use capacity planning with SAP ECC Use the system settings efficiently in capacity planning
Course Objectives After completing this course, you will be able to: • • • • • •
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Use capacity planning within planning Carry out capacity evaluations Generate available capacities Level capacity requirements and available capacities Use the planning tables and the tools in the machine loading planner Make system settings for capacity evaluations, available capacities, and the planning tables
© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Course Overview
SCM360
SAP Software Component Information The information in this course pertains to the following SAP Software Components and releases: •
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ECC 6.0
© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Unit 1 Course Overview Unit Overview This unit provides an overview of the content and structure of this course.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: •
Describe and classify the course topics.
Unit Contents Lesson: Course Overview ............................................................ 2
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Unit 1: Course Overview
SCM360
Lesson: Course Overview Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of the objectives, content, and structure of course SCM360.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Describe and classify the course topics.
Business Example You are running a manufacturing company and aim to deliver orders received by the dates promised. You therefore want to provide sufficient, but not excessive, available capacity at the work centers to cover capacity requirements generated by orders. You use capacity planning to, for example, spot overloads in time, to carry out capacity leveling for the requirements dates using the resources available, and to fix these capacity requirements.
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SCM360
Lesson: Course Overview
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Describe and classify the course topics.
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Unit Summary
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Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Describe and classify the course topics.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Unit 2 Introduction Unit Overview The unit illustrates the main elements of capacity planning.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • •
Integrate capacity planning into the R/3 production planning functions. Understand the components of capacity planning. Display the capacity situation.
Unit Contents Lesson: Capacity Planning Environment ........................................... 6
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Unit 2: Introduction
SCM360
Lesson: Capacity Planning Environment Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of Supply Chain Planning, as well as the capacity planning components and display types.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • • •
Integrate capacity planning into the R/3 production planning functions. Understand the components of capacity planning. Display the capacity situation.
Business Example You are running a manufacturing company and want to obtain an overview of capacity planning. You therefore want to find out about the capacity planning environment, and about available capacity and pegged requirements, in particular.
Figure 1: Supply Chain Planning Overview
Supply Chain Planning is usually broken down into several steps. Different components can be used to execute these steps.
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SCM360
Lesson: Capacity Planning Environment
Demand Planning (used, for example, to derive a future demand program from the past demand figures) can be executed in Flexible Planning (with the special case of SOP - Sales and Operations Planning). Planned independent requirements are maintained in Demand Management. Sales orders are always created in SAP ECC. A capacity availability check is not performed with Material Requirements Planning (MRP). Capacity Planning must be executed separately in a second step. Production execution, in other words the processing of manufacturing orders, takes place in Supply Chain Manufacturing.
Figure 2: Capacity Planning Environment
Master data, planned orders and production orders provide data that can be used to represent available capacities and capacity requirements. In SAP ECC, master data comprises material masters, routings, and work centers. The available capacity is a measure of the work that a capacity can perform per workday. The capacity requirement is a measure of the work required by the individual orders at a capacity at a certain point in time.
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Unit 2: Introduction
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Scheduling is used to determine the times of the capacity requirements. In the capacity evaluations, these requirements can be compared with the available capacities. In capacity leveling, capacity shortfalls and overloads can be leveled. You can use alternative suitable resources for processing or you can use the sort criteria to plan optimal loading.
Figure 3: Capacity Planning / Elements
The available capacity represents the capacity available for production at a work center or resource. You can schedule the sequence of operations to determine the times for the capacity requirements. To calculate the capacity requirements, the system uses formulas containing the dates and quantities for production requirements. The capacity evaluation gives you an overview of the load and the production requirements. Capacity leveling allows you to achieve optimal planning and an optimal load. Capacity reduction occurs when operations are confirmed or order quantities are reduced or cancelled.
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Lesson: Capacity Planning Environment
Figure 4: Types of Display
Capacity planning uses several display types. It uses evaluation lists, block diagrams, bar charts, line charts and Gantt charts. You can also use the tabular capacity planning table or the graphical capacity planning table (also known as the capacity planning table) to carry out simulations.
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Unit 2: Introduction
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Integrate capacity planning into the R/3 production planning functions. • Understand the components of capacity planning. • Display the capacity situation.
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Unit Summary
Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Integrate capacity planning into the R/3 production planning functions. • Understand the components of capacity planning. • Display the capacity situation.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Unit Summary
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SCM360
Test Your Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge 1.
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Name the main elements of capacity planning.
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Test Your Knowledge
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Answers 1.
Name the main elements of capacity planning. Answer: Capacity planning comprises capacity evaluation and capacity leveling. These compare the available capacity against the scheduled requirements. The capacity requirements are created on the basis of operation confirmations.
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Unit 3 Integration of Capacity Planning Unit Overview This unit demonstrates the use of capacity planning is used throughout the process chain.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • • • •
Describe the planning phases of capacity planning. Utilize the integration of Sales and Distribution with capacity planning. Understand how you can use the Capacity Planning module in Sales and Operations Planning. Analyze the capacity situation from the stock/requirements list and the production order. Examine the capacity situation using the planning table in repetitive manufacturing.
Unit Contents Lesson: Process Chain and Sales & Distribution................................ 16 Lesson: Sales and Operations Planning.......................................... 21 Exercise 1: Sales and Operations Planning ................................. 23 Lesson: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order .................. 28 Exercise 2: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order .......... 33 Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing ................................................. 38 Exercise 3: Repetitive Manufacturing......................................... 43
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Lesson: Process Chain and Sales & Distribution Lesson Overview This lesson deals with capacity planning phases and the integration of SD with capacity planning.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • •
Describe the planning phases of capacity planning. Utilize the integration of Sales and Distribution with capacity planning.
Business Example You want to be able to monitor the capacity situation at your company from an early stage, so you already try to establish the capacity commitments when creating a sales order.
Figure 5: CRP Along the Process Chain
Sales and Operations Planning • •
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No detailed planning involving BOM explosions or routing schedulings Rough-cut scheduling
© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Lesson: Process Chain and Sales & Distribution
Master Production Scheduling • •
Separate planning run only for master schedule items without further planning of the BOM structure Rough-cut scheduling and rate-based scheduling
Material Requirements Planning • •
Planning run with a complete BOM structure planning Rate-based scheduling and detailed scheduling
Shop Floor Control • •
Conversion of planning data from material requirements planning into concrete production orders Detailed scheduling
Repetitive Manufacturing • •
For repetitive production of a product that remains the same over a long period of time Detailed scheduling
Long-Term Planning •
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For the simulation of several versions of the production plan
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Figure 6: Planning Phases
Scheduling and the calculation of capacity requirements can take place at different levels, depending on the application area: • • •
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Rough-cut scheduling: using a rough-cut planning profile Rate-based scheduling: using a rate routing Detailed scheduling: using a routing
© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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SCM360
Lesson: Process Chain and Sales & Distribution
Figure 7: Integration: Sales and Distribution (SD)
Once a sales order has been created, the system can automatically generate a production order, planned order, or network. The planning table can be called up directly from these orders in display mode. Changed data is then copied back to the sales order.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Describe the planning phases of capacity planning. • Utilize the integration of Sales and Distribution with capacity planning.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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SCM360
Lesson: Sales and Operations Planning
Lesson: Sales and Operations Planning Lesson Overview This lesson deals with the connection between Sales & Operations Planning and capacity planning.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Understand how you can use the Capacity Planning module in Sales and Operations Planning.
Business Example In your company, you want to plan resources for the future. For this purpose, you already need capacity requirements at the planning stage, for example. This is possible if you calculate the capacity requirements in the individual production areas while using a rough-cut routing to create a demand plan.
Figure 8: Integration: Sales and Operations Planning - Planning Table (SOP)
SOP uses the two-part tabular capacity planning table for capacity leveling.
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In the upper section, you can enter the following data for a material or for a product group for specific periods: • • •
Planned sales Planned production quantity Stock level and target stock level
The capacity requirements are generated by the planned figures that are entered in the line for production (the requirements entry line). The lower section displays the capacity requirements from Sales and Operations Planning as well as the available capacities of the work centers where the material or product group is to be manufactured and its load. Only SOP requirements are displayed on this planning table.
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SCM360
Lesson: Sales and Operations Planning
Exercise 1: Sales and Operations Planning Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Create a rough-cut capacity plan for a product group while considering the available capacity
Business Example You are a planner with responsibility for a product group. To avoid capacity bottlenecks on the resources of the individual product group members in detailed planning, execute planning in Sales and Operations Planning.
Task 1: Perform rough-cut planning. 1.
Plan the product group. Logistics → Production → SOP → Planning → For Product Group → Create
2.
Create an inactive plan for product group PG-100 using Version 1##. Change the descriptive text to “Version ##”. Product group: PG-100 Plant: 1000 Enter Version: 1## Version description: Version ##
3.
Create a sales plan for PG-100 for 5 months starting in the third period. Sales are 100 units per month. Edit → Create Production Plan → Synchronous to Sales
4.
Save your plan.
Continued on next page
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Task 2: Display a rough-cut planning profile. Logistics → Production → SOP → Tools → Rough-Cut Planning Profile → Display 1.
Display the header of the rough-cut planning profile for product group PG-100 in plant 1000 and list the following values: Work center Period pattern Base quantity Usage Status Lot size from/to
2.
Look at the capacity situation for Sales and Operations Planning for product group PG-100. Logistics → Production → SOP → Planning → For Product Group → Change Select [Inactive Version 1##]. Inactive Version button Select Version 1## Enter Look at the capacity situation. Views → Capacity Situation → Rough-Cut Planning → Show
3.
Change the sales plan (and the production plan) so that it corresponds to the available capacity. Then create the production plan again. Edit → Create Production Plan → Synchronous to Sales
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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SCM360
Lesson: Sales and Operations Planning
Solution 1: Sales and Operations Planning Task 1: Perform rough-cut planning. 1.
Plan the product group. Logistics → Production → SOP → Planning → For Product Group → Create
2.
Create an inactive plan for product group PG-100 using Version 1##. Change the descriptive text to “Version ##”. Product group: PG-100 Plant: 1000 Enter Version: 1## Version description: Version ##
3.
Create a sales plan for PG-100 for 5 months starting in the third period. Sales are 100 units per month. Edit → Create Production Plan → Synchronous to Sales
4.
Save your plan.
Task 2: Display a rough-cut planning profile. Logistics → Production → SOP → Tools → Rough-Cut Planning Profile → Display 1.
Display the header of the rough-cut planning profile for product group PG-100 in plant 1000 and list the following values: Work center Period pattern Base quantity
Continued on next page
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Usage Status Lot size from/to a)
Product group: PG-100 Plant: 1000 Execute Work center
1310
Profile header button
2.
Period pattern
5 workdays
Base quantity
1
Usage
Universal
Status
Released (general)
Lot size from/to
1 to 3,450,000
Look at the capacity situation for Sales and Operations Planning for product group PG-100. Logistics → Production → SOP → Planning → For Product Group → Change Select [Inactive Version 1##]. Inactive Version button Select Version 1## Enter Look at the capacity situation. Views → Capacity Situation → Rough-Cut Planning → Show
3.
Change the sales plan (and the production plan) so that it corresponds to the available capacity. Then create the production plan again. Edit → Create Production Plan → Synchronous to Sales
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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SCM360
Lesson: Sales and Operations Planning
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Understand how you can use the Capacity Planning module in Sales and Operations Planning.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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SCM360
Lesson: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order Lesson Overview This lesson discusses capacity planning in conjunction with the detailed scheduled requirements from MRP and the production orders.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Analyze the capacity situation from the stock/requirements list and the production order.
Business Example You want to observe the capacity situation for detailed scheduled requirements in your company, and to do this you use the transactions for the stock/requirements list and the production order.
Figure 9: Capacity Evaluation in MRP
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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SCM360
Lesson: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order
In MRP/MPS, two lists are used to display planning periods on a vertical axis: • •
Capacity leveling - to carry out leveling with changes Capacity situation - only displays data
The capacity situation or capacity leveling can be called for all planned orders of a material, or for just one planned order. The following data is displayed for a work center per period: • • •
Capacity available in the work center in a period Overall capacity load of the work center generated by all of the planned orders and production orders in a period Capacity requirements generated by the material for which planning was carried out in a period.
By changing the order quantity and the basic order date, it is possible to reduce overloads and shortfalls for the work center in question.
Figure 10: Integration: Shop Floor Control (SFC)
Level capacities directly during order maintenance. Call up capacity planning by selecting a role-specific view, such as the capacity planner. The dispatched requirement is automatically deallocated when the order lot is changed, but not when the order dates are changed.
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Figure 11: Overall Profiles in the Applications
This table only contains a selection of the most important profiles.
Figure 12: Mass Processing
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Lesson: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order
Mass processing in production planning and control can be used anywhere where large amounts of data are being processed. It is mainly used in the automatic dispatching and deallocation of operations for predefined work centers in the background. For example, you can specify that, for specific work centers, the pool of orders is automatically dispatched at the start of each week. Mass processing is only possible with the capacity planning table. The following profiles may affect mass dispatching when you call the overall profile: • • •
Selection Profile Strategy Profile Time Profile
The requirements grouping and planning do not influence the individual capacities. Note the material availability after mass dispatching or mass rescheduling. This can be determined using a collective availability check.
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SCM360
Lesson: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order
Exercise 2: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Created capacity requirements in SAP ECC for capacity planning.
Business Example As capacity planner at your company, you are responsible for executing and processing the operations with their capacity requirements on time.
Task 1: Create planned independent requirements for material R-F1##. Logistics → Production → Production Planning → Demand Management → Planned Independent Requirements → Create 1.
On the initial screen, enter material R-F1##, plant 1000, and planning period W for weekly format. Copy the default planning period. Click Enter to confirm these entries.
2.
On the planning table, enter a quantity of 50 in the third week, 100 in the fourth week, and 200 pieces in the fifth week.
3.
On the Sched. lines tab page, enter D for the daily format in the Splt column. Save the determined planned quantities.
Task 2: Now execute a single-level planning run for your material. Logistics → Production → MRP → Planning → Single-Item, Single-Level Planning 1.
On the initial screen, enter the material number and then enter indicator 2 (for lead time scheduling and capacity planning) in the Scheduling field. Confirm your entries twice with Enter. Use the yellow arrow to exit the planning transaction.
Continued on next page
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Task 3: Review the detailed capacity requirements by weekly buckets for the entire horizon. 1.
Logistics → Production → MRP → Evaluations → Stock/Requirements List To examine the capacity situation, choose Goto → Capacity Situation.
Task 4: Now look at the capacity requirements for your capacity planner group R## in plant 1000. 1.
Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Load Enter your group number R## and plant 1000 on the initial screen in the Capacity planner group field. Click Enter to confirm your entries.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Lesson: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order
Solution 2: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order Task 1: Create planned independent requirements for material R-F1##. Logistics → Production → Production Planning → Demand Management → Planned Independent Requirements → Create 1.
On the initial screen, enter material R-F1##, plant 1000, and planning period W for weekly format. Copy the default planning period. Click Enter to confirm these entries.
2.
On the planning table, enter a quantity of 50 in the third week, 100 in the fourth week, and 200 pieces in the fifth week.
3.
On the Sched. lines tab page, enter D for the daily format in the Splt column. Save the determined planned quantities.
Task 2: Now execute a single-level planning run for your material. Logistics → Production → MRP → Planning → Single-Item, Single-Level Planning 1.
On the initial screen, enter the material number and then enter indicator 2 (for lead time scheduling and capacity planning) in the Scheduling field. Confirm your entries twice with Enter. Use the yellow arrow to exit the planning transaction.
Task 3: Review the detailed capacity requirements by weekly buckets for the entire horizon. 1.
Logistics → Production → MRP → Evaluations → Stock/Requirements List To examine the capacity situation, choose Goto → Capacity Situation.
Continued on next page
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Task 4: Now look at the capacity requirements for your capacity planner group R## in plant 1000. 1.
Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Load Enter your group number R## and plant 1000 on the initial screen in the Capacity planner group field. Click Enter to confirm your entries.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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SCM360
Lesson: Material Requirements Planning, Production Order
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Analyze the capacity situation from the stock/requirements list and the production order.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing Lesson Overview This lesson discusses capacity planning in conjunction with repetitive manufacturing.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Examine the capacity situation using the planning table in repetitive manufacturing.
Business Example You want to use repetitive manufacturing in your company. On the basis of the production quantities, you use the planning table to create capacity requirements.
Figure 13: Integration: Repetitive Manufacturing (REM)
Within repetitive manufacturing, you can execute capacity planning from the point of view of the production line or material. The tabular capacity planning table for repetitive manufacturing consists of two parts: Aggregate Information is displayed in the upper section.
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing
The following data is displayed for the planning object: • • •
Name of the production line Capacity available in the production line Total capacity requirements for the production line
The percentage capacity load resulting from the capacity requirements or the capacity requirements for the run schedule headers produced on this line. In the Detailed Information section, you can specify the quantities per period over a specific period under examination. From the quantities that you enter in the Details on the Line per material per period section, the system calculates the capacity requirements and the load on the production line. The quantities can therefore be aligned with the available capacities.
Figure 14: Repetitive Manufacturing with Production Versions
A material can have several bills of material (BOMs) that determine the components for production. The production process can also be described in different routings. The data regarding the various methods used to manufacture the material is saved in the production versions assigned to the material.
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A production version can therefore comprise the following data: • • • •
Alternative BOM and BOM usage for the BOM explosion Task list type, group, and group counter for the assignment of task lists (routings) Lot size restrictions and validity period Production line and storage location
A material can have one or more production versions. The data on individual production versions is located at plant level. You can define the production version numbers as you like. However, each number must be unique. You can use production versions to deal with the following situations: • •
Production using various resources (for example, two different production lines) Production using various processes (for example, different routings)
Individual production quantities can be assigned to different production versions, for example, to achieve uniform utilization of the various alternative production lines.
Figure 15: Planning Levels
Capacity requirements can be generated for the various scheduling levels in different applications, that is, at different planning levels. The capacity requirements that have been generated for a product in an application at a particular point in time, as a result of detailed, rate-based, and rough-cut scheduling, exist in the system in parallel. You can view the capacity requirements separately at each level.
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Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing
When a planned order is converted to a production order, the production order is rescheduled and the planned order is deleted. In this case, the capacity requirements for rough-cut planning and rate-based planning are copied to the production order. Rough-cut planning is long-term, aggregated planning. It is period-oriented and uses rough-cut planning profiles. Rate-based planning is suitable for medium-term, period-oriented planning and uses a rate routing. Detailed planning is suitable in the short term and uses a routing, which means that you can plan for specific points in time.
Figure 16: Simultaneous Use of Different Planning Levels
Repetitive manufacturing and discrete manufacturing can occur at the same plant. In this example, run schedule headers and production orders are used with the same inspection work center. The production orders and inspection work centers use detailed scheduling. Repetitive manufacturing uses rate-based scheduling.
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Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing
Exercise 3: Repetitive Manufacturing Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Perform capacity leveling for repetitive manufacturing.
Business Example The person responsible for the production line must schedule work every week to production line 2 in plant 1200. The person responsible must check the rate-based plan and the data for the production version.
Task 1: Look at the master data for repetitive manufacturing. 1.
Look at the production versions in the material master for R-1000 in plant 1200. Make a note of the task list type and the significance of this task list type. _____________________________________________ Logistics → Production → Master Data → Material Master → Material → Display → Display Current Material: R-1000 Enter Change to the MRP 4 view and select plant 1200 Enter (In the MRP 4 view) select ProdVersion Select Details for the versions.
2.
Look at the rate routings for material R-1000. Make a list of the task list groups and production lines that are used in this routing. Look also at the base quantity. ______________ _____________ ______________ _____________ ______________ _____________ Continued on next page
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Logistics → Production → Master Data → Routings → Routings → Rate Routings → Display Material: R-1000 Plant: 1200
Task 2: Carry out capacity leveling on the planning table for LINE2 in plant 1200. To do this, set the Capacity planning indicator and make a note of the correct scheduling type. Select the next four weeks as the period of examination. Logistics → Production → Repetitive Manufacturing → Planning → Planning Table → Change Mode Plant: 1200 Select Production line. Production line: LINE2 Select the Scheduling tab page. Select the Capacity planning indicator. Choose rate-based planning. Select the Period tab page and extend the period of examination to four weeks. Click Planning Table. Hint: Note that, in contrast with this exercise, generally only one capacity planner is responsible for a line. Therefore, do not save the results of your planning in this exercise. 1.
For the next few workdays, enter a quantity of 50 pieces for material R-1000. How big is the load on this line on these workdays? ____________________________
2.
You want to maximize the load on this line and thereby increase the quantity on the first day of the week for this line. Continued on next page
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Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing
3.
On the second day of the week, you try to increase the load on the line to 100% by using other materials.
Task 3: Use the capacity planning table to call the capacity leveling. Schedule a requirement for Monday. 1.
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Capacity Requirements Planning → Set Up Graphic
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Solution 3: Repetitive Manufacturing Task 1: Look at the master data for repetitive manufacturing. 1.
Look at the production versions in the material master for R-1000 in plant 1200. Make a note of the task list type and the significance of this task list type. _____________________________________________ Logistics → Production → Master Data → Material Master → Material → Display → Display Current Material: R-1000 Enter Change to the MRP 4 view and select plant 1200 Enter (In the MRP 4 view) select ProdVersion Select Details for the versions. a)
2.
This is a rate routing.
Look at the rate routings for material R-1000. Make a list of the task list groups and production lines that are used in this routing. Look also at the base quantity. ______________ _____________ ______________ _____________ ______________ _____________ Logistics → Production → Master Data → Routings → Routings → Rate Routings → Display Material: R-1000
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing
Plant: 1200 a) Group counter 1
Line 1
Base quantity 30
Group counter 2
Line 2
Base quantity 30
To obtain the production line and the base quantity, double-click a task list in the task list overview.
Continued on next page
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Task 2: Carry out capacity leveling on the planning table for LINE2 in plant 1200. To do this, set the Capacity planning indicator and make a note of the correct scheduling type. Select the next four weeks as the period of examination. Logistics → Production → Repetitive Manufacturing → Planning → Planning Table → Change Mode Plant: 1200 Select Production line. Production line: LINE2 Select the Scheduling tab page. Select the Capacity planning indicator. Choose rate-based planning. Select the Period tab page and extend the period of examination to four weeks. Click Planning Table. Hint: Note that, in contrast with this exercise, generally only one capacity planner is responsible for a line. Therefore, do not save the results of your planning in this exercise. 1.
For the next few workdays, enter a quantity of 50 pieces for material R-1000. How big is the load on this line on these workdays? ____________________________
2.
You want to maximize the load on this line and thereby increase the quantity on the first day of the week for this line.
3.
On the second day of the week, you try to increase the load on the line to 100% by using other materials.
Continued on next page
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Lesson: Repetitive Manufacturing
Task 3: Use the capacity planning table to call the capacity leveling. Schedule a requirement for Monday. 1.
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Capacity Requirements Planning → Set Up Graphic
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Examine the capacity situation using the planning table in repetitive manufacturing.
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Unit Summary
Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Describe the planning phases of capacity planning. • Utilize the integration of Sales and Distribution with capacity planning. • Understand how you can use the Capacity Planning module in Sales and Operations Planning. • Analyze the capacity situation from the stock/requirements list and the production order. • Examine the capacity situation using the planning table in repetitive manufacturing.
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Unit Summary
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© 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
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Unit 4 Capacity Evaluation Unit Overview This unit deals with: • • • • •
The three evaluations for the capacity evaluation. The selection and display parameters. The cumulative display. The detailed capacity list and the variable overview. The enhanced evaluation and the relevant profiles and sets.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • •
Acquire sufficient knowledge to be able to handle the capacity evaluation with the standard overview. Read and explain the detailed capacity list, and read the variable overview. Use the capacity evaluation, and describe the main differences between this and the evaluation that was covered earlier.
Unit Contents Lesson: Procedure and Standard Overview ..................................... 54 Exercise 4: Procedure and Standard Overview ............................. 59 Lesson: Detailed Capacity List ..................................................... 63 Exercise 5: Detailed Capacity List ............................................ 67 Lesson: Extended Evaluation ...................................................... 72
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Lesson: Procedure and Standard Overview Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of the capacity evaluation with the standard overview.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Acquire sufficient knowledge to be able to handle the capacity evaluation with the standard overview.
Business Example You are running a manufacturing company and want to obtain an overview of capacity planning. You achieve this using the capacity evaluation with the standard overview.
Figure 17: Capacity Planning Environment (2)
In the capacity evaluations, the capacity requirements are compared with the available capacity.
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Lesson: Procedure and Standard Overview
Capacity evaluation has to: • • •
Determine the available capacity Determine the capacity requirement Compare the available capacity with the capacity requirement
Figure 18: Capacity Evaluation Procedure
You can access capacity evaluations using two menu options: • •
The Work Center View menu option accesses evaluations for loads, orders, pools of orders, backlogs or overloads. The Variable menu option allows you to access evaluations using profiles created for your specific needs.
When accessing the capacity evaluation, the settings are pulled from the overall profile. This overall profile can be a profile provided by SAP or a user-specific profile. To access the evaluation via the work center, you can use standard profiles and user-specific profiles. You can change the display by choosing Settings from the menu. Use the Selection menu to increase or restrict the selection criteria for the capacity evaluation.
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Figure 19: Standard Overview
The standard overview periodically compares the available capacity with the capacity requirements for the selected work centers for each capacity category. The loads and remaining available capacity are also listed. From the standard overview, you can generate graphics, print lists, maintain work centers and capacities, and use the detailed capacity list to process orders. The standard overview can be restricted using minimum and maximum load percentages. You can predefine these in the options profile.
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Lesson: Procedure and Standard Overview
Figure 20: Overall Profile
The overall profile includes four subprofiles with the following meanings: The selection profile determines which sets are accessed to generate the various selection screens, and for which period the capacity requirements are read from the database. •
The order set, the capacity category set, and the work center set are used for additional selection criteria.
The list profile specifies the layout of the detailed capacity list and the variable overview, and determines which list is automatically displayed. The graphics profile contains settings for the layout of the various graphics: • • •
Determining the earliest/latest dates of operations Sort sequence such as date, material number, order number Displaying columns, bars or lines
In the options profile, the default parameters are specified for the type of display, the display period, distribution and branching in display or change mode. An overall profile can be accessed with the user parameters CY1 - CY7 individually for every user.
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Figure 21: Selection and Display Parameters
The selection and display parameters can be predefined in profiles but can be changed in the General Settings menu. You can only maintain the read time segment in Customizing.
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Lesson: Procedure and Standard Overview
Exercise 4: Procedure and Standard Overview Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Use the standard overview in the capacity evaluation • Change the displays
Business Example As capacity planner at your company, you must compare the capacity requirements with the available capacity in an overview. To do this, choose the standard overview in the capacity evaluation and switch to cumulate over periods if necessary.
Task 1: Use your capacity planner group R## in the standard overview to look at the capacity loads for your work centers. Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Load 1.
In which evaluation period were the capacity requirements read? Settings → General
2.
Change the settings in such a way that only those periods with a load greater than 80% are displayed. Settings → Evaluations → Standard Overview
Task 2: Now call up the standard overview for work center R-E##. 1.
Change the display for the standard overview by defining a period as three days. Go to Settings → General, then select Day, and choose 3 as the Duration
2.
Change back to the Week period display and set the indicator for Cumulate over periods. Analyze the new standard overview for the entire evaluation period. Settings → General Continued on next page
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Cumulate over periods 3.
Only analyze the pegged requirements in the first period with capacity requirements. What sort of pegged requirements are there? Select the first period and click Capacity Detail/Period. On the detailed capacity list, click Refresh.
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Lesson: Procedure and Standard Overview
Solution 4: Procedure and Standard Overview Task 1: Use your capacity planner group R## in the standard overview to look at the capacity loads for your work centers. Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Load 1.
In which evaluation period were the capacity requirements read? Settings → General a)
2.
60 days from today
Change the settings in such a way that only those periods with a load greater than 80% are displayed. Settings → Evaluations → Standard Overview
Task 2: Now call up the standard overview for work center R-E##. 1.
Change the display for the standard overview by defining a period as three days. Go to Settings → General, then select Day, and choose 3 as the Duration
2.
Change back to the Week period display and set the indicator for Cumulate over periods. Analyze the new standard overview for the entire evaluation period. Settings → General Cumulate over periods
3.
Only analyze the pegged requirements in the first period with capacity requirements. What sort of pegged requirements are there? Select the first period and click Capacity Detail/Period. On the detailed capacity list, click Refresh.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Acquire sufficient knowledge to be able to handle the capacity evaluation with the standard overview.
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Lesson: Detailed Capacity List
Lesson: Detailed Capacity List Lesson Overview This lesson discusses the capacity evaluation using the detailed capacity list and the variable overview.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Read and explain the detailed capacity list, and read the variable overview.
Business Example You are running a manufacturing company and want to obtain an overview of capacity planning. To achieve this, you need information about the pegged capacity requirements.
Figure 22: Detailed Capacity List and its Functions
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In the detailed capacity list, the orders and their operations are listed by period depending on which work center is selected. They may be sorted, for example, by order number, date, and priority. From this list, you can make changes to the work center, capacity, and order. Users can call up additional information on the material and the stock/requirements situation. Users can predefine the display using the list profile and change it using the settings menu.
Figure 23: Capacity Planning Environment
From the detailed capacity screen, you can use the Environment menu option to branch to further sections of PPC in some for making changes and some for display only. In the options profile in Customizing you can specify that the system is to branch to orders, the work center, and the capacity in change mode or in display mode. You can also branch to other screens by double-clicking the fields for the order, the work center, or the capacity.
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Lesson: Detailed Capacity List
Figure 24: Functions in the Variable Overview
You can define the form and content of the variable overview. You use it to display any capacity data you wish. The periods appear in the first column. In the following columns you can display, for example, capacity requirements, available capacities, and formulas. Users can predefine the display using the list profile and change it using the settings menu.
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Figure 25: Distribution of Capacity Requirements
Figure 26: Distribution Basis
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Lesson: Detailed Capacity List
Exercise 5: Detailed Capacity List Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Use the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation • Test different selection options • Make changes to the detailed capacity list
Business Example As capacity planner at your company, you want to view the pegged capacity requirements for the work centers that you are responsible for in an overview. After you obtain an overview, you want to release a production order for production.
Task 1: To release a production order, first convert the planned orders from the planning run into production orders. Use the stock/requirements list and convert the first three planned orders for material R-F1## into production orders. 1.
Logistics → Production → MRP → Evaluations → Stock/Requirements List Double-click a planned order to open up the “Details of MRP element” dialog box. Convert the planned order to Prod.Order and SAVE. Repeat this process three times.
Task 2: Call up the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation for your work centers R-L## and R-V##. Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders 1.
You want to call up the detailed capacity list for two special work centers. To do this, you require an additional menu path. Enter the second work center on the screen. Planning → Selection → Work center Continued on next page
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Task 3: You want to know which production orders have been released and therefore copy the “Order Status” field, before the order is released, into the detailed capacity list after the pegged requirements column. 1.
Call the detailed capacity list again for your work centers R-L## and R-V##. Now include a column for the “Order status” after the pegged requirements column. Limit the column width for “Material” to 8 characters. Do not save the changes to this detailed capacity list, as the standard list in Customizing will be changed in this case. Select Choose Fields. Select “Order Status” and copy it to the “Selected Fields” list. Select “Order Status” and place the cursor on the “Material” line. Click Move. Change the column width for Material to 8 characters.
2.
Release the first scheduled production order and update the evaluation so that you can see the status change directly in the detailed capacity list. Double-click the order number and, in the order header, select Release Order and Save. On the detailed capacity list, click Refresh.
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Lesson: Detailed Capacity List
Solution 5: Detailed Capacity List Task 1: To release a production order, first convert the planned orders from the planning run into production orders. Use the stock/requirements list and convert the first three planned orders for material R-F1## into production orders. 1.
Logistics → Production → MRP → Evaluations → Stock/Requirements List Double-click a planned order to open up the “Details of MRP element” dialog box. Convert the planned order to Prod.Order and SAVE. Repeat this process three times.
Task 2: Call up the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation for your work centers R-L## and R-V##. Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders 1.
You want to call up the detailed capacity list for two special work centers. To do this, you require an additional menu path. Enter the second work center on the screen. Planning → Selection → Work center
Task 3: You want to know which production orders have been released and therefore copy the “Order Status” field, before the order is released, into the detailed capacity list after the pegged requirements column. 1.
Call the detailed capacity list again for your work centers R-L## and R-V##. Now include a column for the “Order status” after the pegged requirements column. Limit the column width for “Material” to 8 characters. Do not save the changes to this detailed capacity list, as the standard list in Customizing will be changed in this case. Select Choose Fields. Continued on next page
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Select “Order Status” and copy it to the “Selected Fields” list. Select “Order Status” and place the cursor on the “Material” line. Click Move. Change the column width for Material to 8 characters. 2.
Release the first scheduled production order and update the evaluation so that you can see the status change directly in the detailed capacity list. Double-click the order number and, in the order header, select Release Order and Save. On the detailed capacity list, click Refresh.
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Lesson: Detailed Capacity List
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Read and explain the detailed capacity list, and read the variable overview.
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Lesson: Extended Evaluation Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of the extended capacity evaluation.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Use the capacity evaluation, and describe the main differences between this and the evaluation that was covered earlier.
Business Example You are running a manufacturing company and want to obtain an overview of capacity planning. You use the extended evaluation in order to be able to work with selection variants.
Figure 27: Extended Evaluation
In the extended evaluation, you can display all relevant objects (persons, individual capacities, SOP requirements). You can sort all the lists in any way you like, even in groups.
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Lesson: Extended Evaluation
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Use the capacity evaluation, and describe the main differences between this and the evaluation that was covered earlier.
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Unit Summary
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Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Acquire sufficient knowledge to be able to handle the capacity evaluation with the standard overview. • Read and explain the detailed capacity list, and read the variable overview. • Use the capacity evaluation, and describe the main differences between this and the evaluation that was covered earlier.
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Test Your Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge 1.
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Name the additional functions of the extended capacity evaluation.
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Answers 1.
Name the additional functions of the extended capacity evaluation. Answer: The extended evaluation can save selection variants. In addition to the capacity evaluation, you can display individual capacity requirements and SOP requirements.
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Unit 5 Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form Unit Overview This unit describes the usage and usage options of the tabular capacity planning table.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: •
Use the leveling functions on the tabular capacity planning table
Unit Contents Lesson: Tabular Capacity Planning Table ........................................ 78 Exercise 6: Tabular Capacity Planning Table ................................ 85
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Lesson: Tabular Capacity Planning Table Lesson Overview This lesson discuss the handling of the tabular capacity planning table.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Use the leveling functions on the tabular capacity planning table
Business Example In your production process, you want to level the capacity loads on the resources. To do this, you use the capacity leveling functions to compare the capacity requirements with the available capacity. Capacity leveling is first carried out with the tabular capacity planning table and then saved after the results are checked.
Figure 28: Capacity Planning Environment (3)
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Lesson: Tabular Capacity Planning Table
The main function of capacity leveling is to dispatch operations. Operations are dispatched in order to fix them at a point in time when there is sufficient capacity for them to be carried out. Depending on whether finite scheduling is to take place, operations can be dispatched on the basis of unlimited available capacity or existing available capacity. The existing available capacity is equal to the difference between the available capacity maintained in the work center and the capacity requirements already scheduled. If necessary, you can specify a different work center during dispatching.
Figure 29: Capacity Leveling Measures
To achieve the objectives listed in the preceding slide, you can proceed as follows: •
• • •
Adjust the available capacity, either by increasing the standard available capacity for the relevant capacity category, or by inserting a time-restricted interval of available capacity in order to increase the available capacity. Define an alternative work center with remaining available capacity, for example, by using a work center hierarchy to call up the planning table. Use scheduling (either finite scheduling or manual scheduling on the planning table) to find a period with sufficient remaining available capacity. Form optimal sequences to reduce setup times.
You can only reduce/split the lot, or specify that operations are to be assigned externally, in the production order.
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Figure 30: Capacity Leveling Interfaces
The capacity planning module offers two interfaces. The main capacity planning module and its various views: • •
•
Work center view: Here you restrict the selection for specific work centers. Work centers and capacities are displayed in the planning tables. Individual capacity view: Here you restrict the selection for specific work centers. You can dispatch operations both to work centers/capacities and to the corresponding individual capacities. Order view: Here you restrict the selection for specific orders. All the work centers and capacities affected are displayed for one or more orders.
Leveling can also be carried out directly from production order maintenance. Depending on the overall profile set for the production controller, you branch to either the capacity planning table or the tabular capacity planning table. If no overall profile has been stored for the production scheduler, the capacity planning table is called up using the overall profile SAPSFCG001.
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Lesson: Tabular Capacity Planning Table
Figure 31: Tabular Capacity Planning Table
The tabular capacity planning table has the following display types: • •
One work center/capacity with available capacity, load, scheduled, and pool for several periods Several work centers/capacities with available capacities and loads for several periods
The tabular capacity planning table can be called up for the work center view, the individual capacity view, and the order view. Available capacities and distributed capacity requirements are displayed. The unit of display for the available capacity and capacity requirements is specified in the evaluation profile. The tabular capacity planning table is divided into a resource section and a requirements section. The resource section contains the following: the name of the work center or the capacity and capacity category, scheduling periods, scheduled capacity requirements, and requirements in a pool that have yet to be scheduled. In the requirements section, you can display requirements that have already been scheduled and/or have not been scheduled yet.
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Figure 32: Capacity Planning Table
The capacity planning table enables you to carry out detailed planning of capacity requirements continuously over time. The capacity planning table consists of several charts arranged horizontally in which the available capacity (operating time) and the capacity requirements (operation duration) are grouped according to various criteria and can be displayed on the same axis. For example, all the capacity requirements for one order, or all the capacity requirements that have been scheduled on one capacity, can be grouped together. Each chart can have its own title bar and it comprises a table section and a diagram section: • •
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The table section contains information for identifying and describing the objects displayed in the diagram section. The diagram section has a window on a virtual time axis in which the available capacity and the capacity requirements are displayed in graphical form with the start and finish date. This window displays the same section for all the charts. You can change this section as much as you like by altering the scale.
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Lesson: Tabular Capacity Planning Table
Figure 33: Dispatching Procedure
The main function of capacity leveling is to dispatch operations. Operations are dispatched in order to fix them at a point in time when there is sufficient capacity for them to be carried out. If you have set the Finite scheduling indicator in the strategy profile, the system looks for remaining available capacities depending on the planning direction. If necessary, the user can specify another work center during dispatching. The work center cannot be locked or marked for deletion. Operations with the “dispatched” status can only be moved with the planning table after an order has been changed. A planning log is written for all planning activities. If errors occur during dispatching, the process can be terminated (you can make this setting in the strategy profile). Midpoint scheduling is dealt with in detail in the Scheduling and Capacity Requirements unit.
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Figure 34: Dispatching Types (Tabular)
This slide illustrates the four ways of determining the dispatching date. In the third way, a distinction is made between internally processed operations (maintenance orders and networks) and operations that are subdivided into operation segments (production orders). The dispatching date for: internally processed operations according to the strategy profile: • •
is the earliest/latest start date depends on the distribution keys
Operations with operation segments (always with the latest start date for the operation) In the first way, you can also change the date, time, and work center. The fourth way of carrying out dispatching is only possible on the capacity planning table, and is dealt with in detail in the Capacity Leveling in Graphical Form unit. To ensure that operations are not dispatched automatically on the capacity planning table or the tabular capacity planning table, set the Date entry when dispatching indicator in the strategy profile. If this indicator is set, the system displays a dialog box in which you specify the dispatching date when you execute the Dispatch function.
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Lesson: Tabular Capacity Planning Table
Exercise 6: Tabular Capacity Planning Table Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Perform capacity leveling with the tabular capacity planning table
Business Example As capacity planner at your company, you want to simulate capacity leveling for particular work centers with the tabular capacity planning table and then save the final result.
Task 1: Perform capacity leveling with the tabular capacity planning table for work centers R-M##, R-V##, and R-L## (only for capacity category 002). 1.
Call up the tabular capacity planning table from the work center view and specify your three work centers. Take care when specifying the selection criteria of the other input fields. Logistics → Production → Capacity PlanningLeveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Tabular). Use the Multiple Selection button to enter the three work centers. In the Capacity Category field, enter category 002.
2.
Before you click Execute, save the selection criteria that you entered as a variant. Use V-## as the “variant name” and group ## as the “meaning”. Goto → Variants → Save As Variant
3.
Look for the capacity requirements for work center R-V## and switch to the display view for just one requirements type. Settings → Change View. Scroll to work center R-V##
4.
To see the latest start dates for the capacity requirements in the lower chart, switch to a wide screen display for the planning table. Settings → Screen Type → Wide Screen Continued on next page
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5.
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Dispatch the operation of a production order with the first requirements date for the planned work center R-V##. Select the requirements line and click Dispatch.
6.
Only display those requirements that have been dispatched. Settings → Requirements Filter → Dispatched Requirements
7.
Go back to all of the requirements on work center R-V## and dispatch another operation of a production order. However, this operation should not be rescheduled on work center R-V##, but on work center R-L##. Select the requirements line and click the arrow button until you arrive at work center R-L##. Select this work center too and then click Dispatch.
8.
Look at the planning log and analyze the planning situation at work center R-L##. Choose Planning.
9.
Branch from the tabular capacity planning table to the production order and look at the changed operation and the operation status. Now save the results of your simulated planning. Double-click the order number and then select Operation Overview to see the changed operation. The work center was changed and the operation status DSPT, for dispatched, was set. Click the yellow arrow to return to the tabular capacity planning table and save the rescheduling.
Task 2: 1.
Call up the graphical capacity planning table from the work center view for work center R-V## and compare the planning result with the result saved on the tabular capacity planning table. Leveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Graphical)
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Solution 6: Tabular Capacity Planning Table Task 1: Perform capacity leveling with the tabular capacity planning table for work centers R-M##, R-V##, and R-L## (only for capacity category 002). 1.
Call up the tabular capacity planning table from the work center view and specify your three work centers. Take care when specifying the selection criteria of the other input fields. Logistics → Production → Capacity PlanningLeveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Tabular). Use the Multiple Selection button to enter the three work centers. In the Capacity Category field, enter category 002.
2.
Before you click Execute, save the selection criteria that you entered as a variant. Use V-## as the “variant name” and group ## as the “meaning”. Goto → Variants → Save As Variant
3.
Look for the capacity requirements for work center R-V## and switch to the display view for just one requirements type. Settings → Change View. Scroll to work center R-V##
4.
To see the latest start dates for the capacity requirements in the lower chart, switch to a wide screen display for the planning table. Settings → Screen Type → Wide Screen
5.
Dispatch the operation of a production order with the first requirements date for the planned work center R-V##. Select the requirements line and click Dispatch.
6.
Only display those requirements that have been dispatched. Settings → Requirements Filter → Dispatched Requirements
7.
Go back to all of the requirements on work center R-V## and dispatch another operation of a production order. However, this operation should not be rescheduled on work center R-V##, but on work center R-L##. Continued on next page
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Select the requirements line and click the arrow button until you arrive at work center R-L##. Select this work center too and then click Dispatch. 8.
Look at the planning log and analyze the planning situation at work center R-L##. Choose Planning.
9.
Branch from the tabular capacity planning table to the production order and look at the changed operation and the operation status. Now save the results of your simulated planning. Double-click the order number and then select Operation Overview to see the changed operation. The work center was changed and the operation status DSPT, for dispatched, was set. Click the yellow arrow to return to the tabular capacity planning table and save the rescheduling.
Task 2: 1.
Call up the graphical capacity planning table from the work center view for work center R-V## and compare the planning result with the result saved on the tabular capacity planning table. Leveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Graphical)
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Use the leveling functions on the tabular capacity planning table
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Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Use the leveling functions on the tabular capacity planning table
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Unit 6 Available Capacity Unit Overview This unit demonstrates how: • • • • •
the available capacity at a work center is defined intervals and shift sequences are created and how they are used in capacity planning the factory calendar is structured the work center hierarchy is maintained the available capacity is cumulated using period splits.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • •
Maintain the available capacity Maintain and assign shift sequences
Unit Contents Lesson: Maintaining Available Capacities ........................................ 92 Exercise 7: Maintaining Available Capacities............................... 105
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Lesson: Maintaining Available Capacities Lesson Overview This lesson talks about maintaining the available capacity with intervals of available capacity.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • •
Maintain the available capacity Maintain and assign shift sequences
Business Example In the production process, you have made some capacity available. This can be defined differently for each workday, depending on the plant calendar. You therefore use intervals at capacities to increase the available capacity for periods where capacity requirements are high. You can maintain these manually or using shift sequences.
Figure 35: Capacity Planning Environment (4)
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The available capacity is the work that can be done by a capacity at a work center per working day. The available capacity is defined by the work start and work finish, the break durations, the capacity utilization, and the number of machines or persons.
Figure 36: Work Center Data
The work center contains several groups of data that are located on different screens. This example only shows the most important ones for capacity planning.
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Figure 37: Capacities at a Work Center
You can allocate as many capacities as you like to a work center. Capacity categories are used to identify capacities that belong to the same category. A capacity category can only be allocated once per work center. You can maintain a separate available capacity for each capacity category. If a capacity is allocated to several work centers, it is a pooled capacity. It must be maintained separately as a pooled capacity before it is allocated to a work center. To calculate capacity requirements, formulas must be allocated in the capacity overview. To simplify capacity maintenance, you can set up a default capacity in Customizing.
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Figure 38: Planning Details at the Work Center/Capacity
For capacity planning, you can enter further planning details for each capacity category. Relevant for finite scheduling indicator: If this indicator is set, the system checks the current dispatched load when searching for remaining available capacity. The Can be used by several operations indicator allows multiple loading for the available remaining capacity at this point in time. With a non-distributable capacity, only one operation can be dispatched at any point in time. This means that the available capacity of another individual capacity is not taken into account for this capacity category. The overload factor increases the available capacity by this percentage on the tabular capacity planning table. The remaining capacity can therefore be increased by an overload factor (for example, if capacity overloads can be reduced by working during break times).
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Figure 39: Available Capacity at the Work Center
The reference indicator is set in the work center for the available capacity of a pooled capacity and therefore cannot be changed. The available capacity of both an external capacity and a default capacity is copied to a capacity category at a work center and can be changed there. A reference indicator can also be set for an external capacity.
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Figure 40: From Working Time to Operating Time
The basic working time (work start until work finish) at a work center is reduced by break times and technical or organizational disruptions. The working time minus the break times is stored in the work center as the operating time per shift. Technical and organizational disruptions are reflected in the capacity utilization.
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Figure 41: Using Key Shift Sequences to Maintain Available Capacity
Shift sequences and shift definitions can be used to maintain available capacity in detail for each capacity category, but only by using intervals of available capacity. Shift sequences and shift definitions can be created and selected for specific parts of Customizing using the Grouping key. In a shift sequence, you can define the work start, work finish, and break times for all work centers. In shift sequences, the specific sequence of shift definitions is maintained for all work centers. By changing the shift definition, you can automatically change available capacities that have shift definitions.
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Figure 42: Available Capacity in the Work Center
An interval of available capacity has a temporal validity. By adding an interval for a particular period (date from/to), the standard available capacity for this period is overwritten by a second interval. If this second interval is then deleted, the interval that follows is brought forward to the date of the interval that has been deleted.
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Figure 43: Available Capacity/Maintenance Variants
There are several different ways to maintain the available capacity. You can interrupt the validity of the available capacity (standard available capacity) by using an interval of available capacity with a limited validity period. You can use shift sequences to maintain intervals of available capacity.
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Figure 44: Maintaining and Assigning a Factory Calendar
Capacities at work centers only have available capacity on workdays. To calculate the available capacity, a plant calendar must be maintained that clearly defines the workdays. Plant calendars are maintained in Customizing and one can be assigned to a plant or to any particular capacity if it is different from that of the plant.
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Figure 45: Work Center Hierarchy
You can place work centers in work center hierarchies. You can have as many work center hierarchies as you wish. Work center hierarchies are used to cumulate available capacities and capacity requirements in capacity planning. A work center can be assigned to several hierarchies.
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Figure 46: Cumulation of Available Capacity/Capacity Requirements
Available capacity can be cumulated statically, dynamically, or for a specific capacity category over several hierarchy levels. The available capacity can be cumulated dynamically during capacity planning.
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Figure 47: Using Period Patterns to Cumulate Available Capacity
Available capacity can be cumulated for a specific capacity category for a specific period. It can be cumulated statically or dynamically over as many hierarchy levels as you like. The dynamic cumulation of available capacity takes place during capacity planning. You must carry out a static cumulation of available capacity when maintaining work centers or capacities. You can use a period pattern key to define time intervals for cumulating the available capacity on a superior work center. The period pattern key determines the degree of detail of the cumulation of available capacity and therefore capacity planning. The period pattern key is only used for static cumulation (that is, in the work center). The period pattern key is defined in Customizing under Work center → Capacity Planning → Available Capacity. The cumulation of capacity requirements and available capacity is only relevant for the display per period (capacity evaluation and the tabular capacity planning table).
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Exercise 7: Maintaining Available Capacities Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Maintain a work center with available capacity • Create and use a shift sequence • Create and assign a pooled capacity
Business Example You need a new work center in your company and you want to maintain the available capacity for a “Machine” capacity category and a “Person” capacity category at the work center. In your company, the available capacity is not the same for every workday at some work centers. For this particular available capacity, you maintain a shift sequence that you can use for maintaining the available capacity.
Task 1: Create a work center for pre-assembly with the following data: Plant:
1000
Work center number:
X##
Work center category:
0001
Work center description:
Paintshop-##
Person responsible:
0##
Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Create. 1.
When you create the work center with capacity category 0001, copy the default values for the task list usage, standard value key, control key, and the data for cost center assignment. Save the work center. Use the Next Screen button to go through all the detail screens.
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2.
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Change the work center and, for both capacity categories, replace the planner group with your capacity planner responsible (R##). Work center → Change + Capacities tab page To change the capacity planner, double-click to select each capacity category.
3.
Maintain an available capacity that deviates from the standard available capacity for capacity category 001 for the coming two weeks. There should be two shifts from Monday to Thursday. On Friday, there should be one shift from 8:00 – 16:00 with a 1-hour break. Do not use a shift sequence for this interval of available capacity. For the available capacity from Monday to Thursday use the input help for the shift definitions. Analyze the available capacity profile for capacity category 001. Select Interval Avail. Cap. in the capacity header and click Insert. Length of cycle 7 and number of shifts 2 Choose the early and late shift for Monday to Thursday and enter the times for Friday manually. Click Back and then Avail. Cap. Profile.
4.
Assign your work center X## to work center hierarchy R-V in plant 1000. The superior work center is R-VH. Look at the hierarchy as both a structure and graphic. Click Back Goto → Hierarchy → Relationships Edit → New entries Enter plant 1000 and hierarchy name R-V. Enter Enter plant 1000 and the superior work center R-VH. Goto → Hierarchy → Structure Click Graphic. Click Back and save the work center. Continued on next page
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Task 2: Create a shift sequence for grouping 52 with the SCM work break schedule. Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Environment → Current Settings → Define Shift Sequence 1.
First maintain a shift definition for an early and a late shift with the following data: Early shift valid from start of year to year 9999 with Key: ##F Text: 1. Shift ## Start: 05:00 – Finish: 13:00 Late shift valid from start of year to year 9999 with Key: ##S Text: 2. Shift ## Start: 13:00:00 – Finish: 21:00 Select grouping 52 and choose shift definitions in the left window. Click the New Entries button to maintain operating times and break schedules for the shifts. Save
2.
Now create a shift sequence with description GR## for one week with six workdays. For Monday to Saturday, use the previously defined early shift, and, for Monday to Friday, use the late shift. Click Back twice. Select grouping 52 and choose shift sequences in the left window. Click the New Entries button to maintain shifts for the six-day week for the shift program. Save
3.
Create a pooled capacity for capacity category PER and grouping 52. The description should be PRS## and the text Person responsible for setup ##. This pooled capacity is located in Germany and is to work 6 workdays a week. Continued on next page
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The base unit of measure is hours. The start time is 7:00 and the finish time is 16:00. The capacity utilization is 90% and two employees are available. Instead of the work time in the standard available capacity, use the shift sequence you created yourself to assign an interval for the next two years to this pooled capacity. Work Center area menu: Capacity → Create Plant: 1000; Capacity: PRS##; Capacity category: PER Capacity description: Person responsible for setup ## Capacity planner grp: R## Select the Pooled Capacity indicator. Grouping: 52 Select factory calendar ID 06. Base unit of measure: H Capacity utilization: 90% Number: 2 First click Interval Avail. Cap. and then Insert. Then, on the “Add Interval of Available Capacity” dialog box, choose the shift sequence you created yourself. Save 4.
Assign pooled capacity PRS## as additional available capacity to your work center X##. Work center → Change Click Capacities Click Create Capacity Enter capacity category PER and pooled capacity PRS##.
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Solution 7: Maintaining Available Capacities Task 1: Create a work center for pre-assembly with the following data: Plant:
1000
Work center number:
X##
Work center category:
0001
Work center description:
Paintshop-##
Person responsible:
0##
Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Create. 1.
When you create the work center with capacity category 0001, copy the default values for the task list usage, standard value key, control key, and the data for cost center assignment. Save the work center. Use the Next Screen button to go through all the detail screens.
2.
Change the work center and, for both capacity categories, replace the planner group with your capacity planner responsible (R##). Work center → Change + Capacities tab page To change the capacity planner, double-click to select each capacity category.
3.
Maintain an available capacity that deviates from the standard available capacity for capacity category 001 for the coming two weeks. There should be two shifts from Monday to Thursday. On Friday, there should be one shift from 8:00 – 16:00 with a 1-hour break. Do not use a shift sequence for this interval of available capacity. For the available capacity from Monday to Thursday use the input help for the shift definitions. Analyze the available capacity profile for capacity category 001. Select Interval Avail. Cap. in the capacity header and click Insert. Length of cycle 7 and number of shifts 2 Continued on next page
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Choose the early and late shift for Monday to Thursday and enter the times for Friday manually. Click Back and then Avail. Cap. Profile. 4.
Assign your work center X## to work center hierarchy R-V in plant 1000. The superior work center is R-VH. Look at the hierarchy as both a structure and graphic. Click Back Goto → Hierarchy → Relationships Edit → New entries Enter plant 1000 and hierarchy name R-V. Enter Enter plant 1000 and the superior work center R-VH. Goto → Hierarchy → Structure Click Graphic. Click Back and save the work center.
Task 2: Create a shift sequence for grouping 52 with the SCM work break schedule. Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Environment → Current Settings → Define Shift Sequence 1.
First maintain a shift definition for an early and a late shift with the following data: Early shift valid from start of year to year 9999 with Key: ##F Text: 1. Shift ## Start: 05:00 – Finish: 13:00 Late shift valid from start of year to year 9999 with Key: ##S Text: 2. Shift ## Continued on next page
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Start: 13:00:00 – Finish: 21:00 Select grouping 52 and choose shift definitions in the left window. Click the New Entries button to maintain operating times and break schedules for the shifts. Save 2.
Now create a shift sequence with description GR## for one week with six workdays. For Monday to Saturday, use the previously defined early shift, and, for Monday to Friday, use the late shift. Click Back twice. Select grouping 52 and choose shift sequences in the left window. Click the New Entries button to maintain shifts for the six-day week for the shift program. Save
3.
Create a pooled capacity for capacity category PER and grouping 52. The description should be PRS## and the text Person responsible for setup ##. This pooled capacity is located in Germany and is to work 6 workdays a week. The base unit of measure is hours. The start time is 7:00 and the finish time is 16:00. The capacity utilization is 90% and two employees are available. Instead of the work time in the standard available capacity, use the shift sequence you created yourself to assign an interval for the next two years to this pooled capacity. Work Center area menu: Capacity → Create Plant: 1000; Capacity: PRS##; Capacity category: PER Capacity description: Person responsible for setup ## Capacity planner grp: R## Select the Pooled Capacity indicator. Grouping: 52 Continued on next page
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Select factory calendar ID 06. Base unit of measure: H Capacity utilization: 90% Number: 2 First click Interval Avail. Cap. and then Insert. Then, on the “Add Interval of Available Capacity” dialog box, choose the shift sequence you created yourself. Save 4.
Assign pooled capacity PRS## as additional available capacity to your work center X##. Work center → Change Click Capacities Click Create Capacity Enter capacity category PER and pooled capacity PRS##.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Maintain the available capacity • Maintain and assign shift sequences
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Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Maintain the available capacity • Maintain and assign shift sequences
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Unit 7 Scheduling and Capacity Requirements Unit Overview This unit demonstrates how capacity requirements are both generated and structured
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • •
Generate the capacity requirements for the various pegged requirements Describe the main elements of lead time along with the origin of the data Reduce capacity and know how to determine the remaining capacity requirement.
Unit Contents Lesson: Overview of Scheduling.................................................. 116 Exercise 8: Overview of Scheduling ......................................... 131 Lesson: Capacity Reduction....................................................... 138 Exercise 9: Capacity Reduction .............................................. 141
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Lesson: Overview of Scheduling Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of scheduling-related data and processes.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • •
Generate the capacity requirements for the various pegged requirements Describe the main elements of lead time along with the origin of the data
Business Example You want to generate capacity requirements for the various planning levels in your company (SOP, MRP, SFC, and so on). You want to calculate them using the various scheduling instruments and the appropriate formulas for the capacities affected. Due to the capacity overload, you need to reschedule orders in your company. You must therefore find out about the time elements in the order and the scheduling types.
Figure 48: Capacity Planning Environment (5)
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Lesson: Overview of Scheduling
The capacity requirement is the work required by the individual orders at a capacity at a specific point in time.
Figure 49: Planning (Scheduling) Levels
Different planning levels are available for the individual application areas. For example, you can plan MRP requirements in the following three ways, depending on how specific you want your planning to be: • • •
Rough-cut planning with a rough-cut planning profile Rate-based planning with a rate routing or a routing Detailed planning with a routing. There are three different planning levels in capacity planning.
The capacity requirements at the planning levels each have their own capacity requirements ID. In the individual capacity planning applications (PP-SOP, master production scheduling, repetitive manufacturing, and shop floor control), the capacity evaluations are predefined for a specific level. Detailed scheduling is generally carried out for production orders.
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Figure 50: The Work Center and Its Dependencies
The work center forms the basis for capacity requirement determination and scheduling. Lead time scheduling is carried out for various order types (planned orders, production orders, inspection plans, and maintenance orders). Lead time scheduling for planned orders and production orders is always carried out using a routing. The order dates can then be determined and the capacity requirements calculated. The basic dates, and not the dates of the operations, are transferred from the planned order to the production order. The capacity requirements calculated in lead time scheduling, along with the available capacity in the work center, serve as a basis for capacity planning.
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Figure 51: Scheduling Types
The scheduling types (forward, backward) are to be assigned to the appropriate order types as default values. The special types are, excluding current date scheduling, planning functions of capacity planning. Current date scheduling is automatically triggered for orders with a start date in the past. When dispatching the operations of orders, midpoint scheduling is automatically executed for the non-dispatched operations of this order. Finite scheduling takes into account the available capacity at the individual work centers.
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Figure 52: Lead Time Scheduling - Finite Scheduling
Lead time scheduling uses an unlimited available capacity to determine the dates for the capacity requirements. In contrast to lead time scheduling, where the system does not take into account the load situation of the relevant work centers, finite scheduling schedules the operations while taking into account the current load situation generated by operations dispatched to work centers. The capacity availability check in the production order creates a basic load. To benefit fully from the availability check, the capacities of all orders must be checked. You can also use the RCCYLOAD report to create the basic load. The operations are not dispatched, so the capacity requirements in the capacity planning functions are therefore not taken into account. The basic loads of the orders checked for capacity can be evaluated with the overall profile SAPSFCG010.
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Figure 53: Finite Scheduling
When using finite scheduling to dispatch operations, the system takes into account the current capacity loads of the capacities. In finite scheduling, only those capacities for which the Relevant for finite scheduling indicator has been set are taken into account. By not setting this indicator, you can exclude a capacity with sufficient available capacity from finite scheduling. Conflicts that arise between the operation dispatched and other operations in the order that have been dispatched and/or with the order itself do not lead to an automatic dispatching correction. For each operation to be dispatched, the system checks whether remaining capacity is available for the operation at the date determined. If the operation has suboperations relevant to scheduling, the system also looks for available capacity for these suboperations. If there is sufficient available capacity, the system dispatches the operation. If there is insufficient capacity, the system moves the operation to a date when it can be processed without any capacity problems. You can specify the search direction in the strategy profile using the Planning direction forwards indicator. The period for the search for remaining available capacity is specified in the time profile in the Planning period section.
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Figure 54: Midpoint Scheduling I
The above example shows the process of dispatching an operation. Midpoint scheduling is always executed when at least one operation is dispatched. With midpoint scheduling, the order is not scheduled starting from the order start or order finish date. Instead, it is scheduled starting from the dispatched operation.
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Figure 55: Midpoint Scheduling II
The example shows the process of dispatching a second operation in an order. If only one operation is dispatched, all the operations that precede it are scheduled backwards and all the operations that follow it are scheduled forwards. If more than one operation was dispatched, then the scheduling direction between the two dispatched operations depends on the scheduling direction that was selected during lead time scheduling.
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Figure 56: Scheduling/Time Elements in an Order
The two order floats have different purposes: • •
Float before production - date shift, capacity planning Float after production - allow for disruptions, capacity planning
The order floats can be predefined in Customizing and in the material master (using the scheduling margin key). The duration of an operation comprises a maximum of five time elements: • • •
Queue time: can also be used in capacity planning Setup time, processing time, teardown time Process-specific wait time
The duration of the move time lies between two operations, but it is assigned to the preceding operation. The material requirements are scheduled to the earliest start date (this can be changed in Customizing). The capacity requirements can be displayed at the earliest or at the latest dates.
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Figure 57: Correction of Execution Time
The ideal execution time cannot generally be achieved in business practice since breaks and disruptions interrupt work. With lead time scheduling, the execution time is adjusted to take account of these facts: • • •
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The standard values are first converted to the “seconds” unit of time and adjusted using the performance efficiency rate per activity type. The ideal execution time is calculated using a formula key from the work center. The ideal execution time is adjusted using the internally calculated time factor (working time/productive operating time). The productive operating time is determined from the working time, also taking into account the capacity utilization and the break times.
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Figure 58: Determining Capacity Requirements
To determine capacity requirements, capacity requirements records are written for every operation and every capacity. Every capacity requirements record contains the dates and the requirements for setup, processing, and teardown.
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Figure 59: Formulas
Every capacity at the work center can be assigned formulas for calculating the capacity requirements. The formulas can be used for various functions (capacity requirements, scheduling, costing, and production resources/tools). "Generate" controls the immediate code generation for the formula. If no generation takes place in formula maintenance then it is generated at the time of execution, which can be a drain on system performance. A formula can consist of a maximum of 3 lines with the following operation: +, -, *, /, SIN, COS, DIV, MOD, SQRT, EXP, LOG.
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Figure 60: Link Between Formulas and Standard Values
The formula definitions for calculating the execution time and the capacity requirements are stored in the work center. The formulas themselves are stored in Customizing as formula definitions. The parameters used in the formula definitions must first be maintained in Customizing as formula parameters. The standard value key defines the entry fields for the standard values in the operation. The standard values entered in these fields are used to calculate the execution time and the capacity requirements.
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Figure 61: Advanced Handling
To position the graphical object at the start of the time axis, choose Edit - Position on time axis. With the “first graphical object”, the time axis is positioned in such a way that the first graphical object in a selected line appears at the left-hand margin of the diagram. To dispatch operations on the capacity planning table, the objects must be selected. You have the following options: • • • •
Hold down the SHIFT button on your keyboard, and click the object you want to select Select them by dragging a frame around them Select all objects on a line or in a chart by choosing Edit → Select → For Line or For Chart. Select operations that have certain properties in common by using a selection key and choosing Edit → Select → Objects Belonging Together.
To change the scale of the time axis in the capacity planning table online, choose Settings → Scale. You can choose between several predefined scales and a variable scale.
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Exercise 8: Overview of Scheduling Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Explain capacity requirements scheduling • Explain the relationships for creating a formula
Business Example You want to be able to understand the results from the planning run. You therefore need to learn about relationships in scheduling.
Task 1: Call the capacity planning table. Enter work centers R-E##, R-L##, X##, and capacity category 002. Before executing, save these selection criteria as selection variant V-##1 with the description Group ##. Leveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Graphical) 1.
In the capacity planning table, dispatch operation 50 of a production order on work center R-E## on the planned and scheduled date. In the table part of the capacity planning table, look for the first operation 50 with work center R-E##. Select the operation and click Dispatch.
2.
In an earlier exercise, you used the tabular capacity planning table to reschedule a scheduled requirement from work center R-V## to work center R-L##. In the upper chart, look for the two scheduled requirements. Change the display of the planning table to Hourly Period Split. Navigate to the first graphical object in work center R-L##. Settings → Scale → Hourly Period Split In the upper chart, select work center R-L## and click First Graphical Object. Hint: From the color of the operation on the capacity planning table, you can identify which duration type was determined. Blue means setup duration and red means processing duration.
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Analyze what happened to the scheduled requirement. Go to the detailed screen for the operation to see the length of time required for processing. Select the operation and click Change Operation. Choose the dates tab page to view the length of time required for the operation.
4.
Note the standard values of the operation and save the planning result. Choose Operation overview. Double-click to see the operation, in the operation overview, with work center R-L## in the production order. On the Standard Values tab page, you can see the standard values. Setup Time ________ Machine Time ________ Labor Time _________ Choose the yellow arrow to go back, and save the planning.
Task 2: Look for the scheduling formula in work center R-L##. 1.
Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Change Scheduling tab page
Task 3: Compare the planning result on the tabular capacity planning table with the same selection version (V-##1) that you saved for the capacity planning table. To display the requirement figures, navigate to the wide screen. Leveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Tabular) Choose Get Variant Settings → Screen Type → Wide Screen 1.
Explain why the capacity requirements are displayed for work center R-L## on the tabular capacity planning table, and why they are not displayed on the capacity planning table.
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Lesson: Overview of Scheduling
Task 4: From the tabular capacity planning table, create a production order for material R-F1## with order type PP01. Use your selection variant V-##1. Goto → Order → Create Order 1.
Define order type PP01, 50 pieces as the quantity, and the order end date for two weeks’ time.
2.
Look at the requirements and release the production order. Scroll to the end of the requirements list. Select the production order and then Goto → Order → Change order. Release the production order by clicking Release Order.
3.
Explain the result of lead time scheduling with the order header data and end the planning table simulation by saving it. Choose the yellow button to return to the planning table, and use the Save button to exit this table.
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Solution 8: Overview of Scheduling Task 1: Call the capacity planning table. Enter work centers R-E##, R-L##, X##, and capacity category 002. Before executing, save these selection criteria as selection variant V-##1 with the description Group ##. Leveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Graphical) 1.
In the capacity planning table, dispatch operation 50 of a production order on work center R-E## on the planned and scheduled date. In the table part of the capacity planning table, look for the first operation 50 with work center R-E##. Select the operation and click Dispatch.
2.
In an earlier exercise, you used the tabular capacity planning table to reschedule a scheduled requirement from work center R-V## to work center R-L##. In the upper chart, look for the two scheduled requirements. Change the display of the planning table to Hourly Period Split. Navigate to the first graphical object in work center R-L##. Settings → Scale → Hourly Period Split In the upper chart, select work center R-L## and click First Graphical Object. Hint: From the color of the operation on the capacity planning table, you can identify which duration type was determined. Blue means setup duration and red means processing duration. a)
3.
Setup: 10 minutes; Processing time: None
Analyze what happened to the scheduled requirement. Go to the detailed screen for the operation to see the length of time required for processing. Select the operation and click Change Operation. Choose the dates tab page to view the length of time required for the operation.
4.
Note the standard values of the operation and save the planning result. Choose Operation overview. Double-click to see the operation, in the operation overview, with work center R-L## in the production order. Continued on next page
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On the Standard Values tab page, you can see the standard values. Setup Time ________ Machine Time ________ Labor Time _________ Choose the yellow arrow to go back, and save the planning. a)
Setup time: 10 minutes; Labor time: 25 minutes
Task 2: Look for the scheduling formula in work center R-L##. 1.
Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Change Scheduling tab page a)
The duration is calculated using the SAP002 formula key for the machine time.
Task 3: Compare the planning result on the tabular capacity planning table with the same selection version (V-##1) that you saved for the capacity planning table. To display the requirement figures, navigate to the wide screen. Leveling → Work Center View → Planning Table (Tabular) Choose Get Variant Settings → Screen Type → Wide Screen 1.
Explain why the capacity requirements are displayed for work center R-L## on the tabular capacity planning table, and why they are not displayed on the capacity planning table. a)
The capacity requirements are determined using formula SAP007, which requires the default value for Person. The tabular capacity planning table displays the capacity requirements, and the capacity planning table displays the scheduling result, that is, the duration. As the Machine default value is not an option for the scheduling formula, the capacity planning table can only display the duration for setup.
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Task 4: From the tabular capacity planning table, create a production order for material R-F1## with order type PP01. Use your selection variant V-##1. Goto → Order → Create Order 1.
Define order type PP01, 50 pieces as the quantity, and the order end date for two weeks’ time.
2.
Look at the requirements and release the production order. Scroll to the end of the requirements list. Select the production order and then Goto → Order → Change order. Release the production order by clicking Release Order.
3.
Explain the result of lead time scheduling with the order header data and end the planning table simulation by saving it. Choose the yellow button to return to the planning table, and use the Save button to exit this table. a)
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The start date of the production order was scheduled during creation in the past. The system therefore executed current date scheduling with reduction.
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Lesson: Overview of Scheduling
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Generate the capacity requirements for the various pegged requirements • Describe the main elements of lead time along with the origin of the data
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Lesson: Capacity Reduction Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of the reduction of capacity requirements.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Reduce capacity and know how to determine the remaining capacity requirement.
Business Example Once the operation has been processed, to reduce the capacity requirements you want to confirm the work that has been finished. For orders that do not have to be executed, the capacity requirements are automatically deleted by canceling the order.
Figure 62: Capacity Reduction
Capacity requirements are reduced or deleted by order confirmations, setting orders to one of the "Lock" or "Technical completion" statuses, or by setting the deletion indicator.
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The following confirmations result in a change to the capacity requirements: • • •
Confirming quantities Confirming forecast standard values Confirmation on another work center
Figure 63: Determining Remaining Capacity Requirements
Up to Release 4.6C, there was only one way to perform capacity reduction, namely, quantity-based reduction. With Release ERP, the four methods mentioned above are also available. To control this, there is a new “Control Capacity Reduction” indicator in the work center (on the Capacities tab page) for each of the three fixed capacity segments (setup, processing, and teardown).
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The following variants can be implemented: •
Proportional to confirmed quantities: Remaining capacities are calculated on the basis of the remaining quantity using either the standard values for each activity type or a forecast standard value based on the confirmed values (prognosis). To do this, the formulas for the work center are used. The standard value for setup is set to zero with the first partial confirmation. All other remaining capacities can only be deleted by setting the remaining quantity to zero or the forecast quantity to zero.
•
Proportional to confirmed work: In this type of requirement reduction, it is not the confirmed quantity but the reported work that determines the remaining requirements. To do this, the system first determines the record type group (capacity segment) which in the work center is assigned to the activity type (on the Calculation tab page), and it then determines the remaining capacity requirement from the proportion of the actual work and planned work and assigns this to the capacity segment.
•
Complete on partial or final confirmation:The status of the confirmation is evaluated and the complete, still open capacity requirement is completely reduced.
For orders that are planned in SAP APO, the indicator does not affect the capacity reduction in SAP APO in any way.
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Exercise 9: Capacity Reduction Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Reduce the capacity requirement via an operation confirmation to another work center
Business Example Your work center has an overload that you want to reduce. You therefore allow a comparably similar work center to perform the work, and confirm the operation with this work center.
Task 1: View the capacity loads at the work centers with overloads throughout your area of responsibility. 1.
What options do you have to solve this problem? Write down the best option first. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
2.
Perform the evaluation and note the work centers with the highest load. __________ __________ __________ __________
Task 2: 1.
You have just now determined which work centers have an overload. Only look at the capacity requirements for the first period with a load for work center R-E## on the tabular capacity planning table, and describe how you could level this overload, particularly on the planning table. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
2.
From which capacity planning instrument can you confirm operations? Continued on next page
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______________________________________________________ 3.
You want the overload on work center R-E## to be processed by another work center. For the operation with operation quantity 50, carry out a partial confirmation of 30 pieces at work center X## and look for the changed capacity requirement at work center R-E## without exiting the transaction. Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders Select line and Environment → Confirmations → Enter Enter a yield of 30 pieces and work center X##. Ignore the information messages and save the confirmation.
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Solution 9: Capacity Reduction Task 1: View the capacity loads at the work centers with overloads throughout your area of responsibility. 1.
What options do you have to solve this problem? Write down the best option first. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ a)
Evaluation → Work Center View → Overload at Capacity Planner R## Capacity planning table (tabular) for the capacity planner group
2.
Perform the evaluation and note the work centers with the highest load. __________ __________ __________ __________ a)
R-E## and R-L##
Task 2: 1.
You have just now determined which work centers have an overload. Only look at the capacity requirements for the first period with a load for work center R-E## on the tabular capacity planning table, and describe how you could level this overload, particularly on the planning table. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ a)
Call the capacity planning table (tabular form) for work center R-E## Use Edit → Periods → Deactivate All Periods to set all periods to inactive and then activate the first period only, by double-clicking it. Change order quantity or reschedule order. Dispatch operation to a period with remaining available capacity. Dispatch operation to another work center (this work center must also have been selected). Continued on next page
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From which capacity planning instrument can you confirm operations? ______________________________________________________ a)
3.
Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders
You want the overload on work center R-E## to be processed by another work center. For the operation with operation quantity 50, carry out a partial confirmation of 30 pieces at work center X## and look for the changed capacity requirement at work center R-E## without exiting the transaction. Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders Select line and Environment → Confirmations → Enter Enter a yield of 30 pieces and work center X##. Ignore the information messages and save the confirmation. a)
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After you save the partial confirmation and choose Refresh, the capacity requirement for this operation is reduced at work center R-E##.
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Lesson: Capacity Reduction
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Reduce capacity and know how to determine the remaining capacity requirement.
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Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Generate the capacity requirements for the various pegged requirements • Describe the main elements of lead time along with the origin of the data • Reduce capacity and know how to determine the remaining capacity requirement.
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Unit 8 Capacity Leveling in Graphical Form Unit Overview This unit describes the usage and usage options of the (graphical) capacity planning table.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • • • • •
Use the detailed scheduling planning board Define important settings for the planning strategy when mass dispatching Define the main settings for dispatching using predetermined sequences. Execute capacity planning with alternative production versions. Use the planning table with the temporary storage function. Execute mass processing as dispatching or deallocation.
Unit Contents Lesson: Introduction to the Capacity Planning Table .......................... 148 Exercise 10: Introduction to the Capacity Planning Table................. 155 Lesson: Scheduling Strategies.................................................... 160 Exercise 11: Planning Strategies ............................................. 167 Lesson: Sequencing................................................................ 172 Exercise 12: Sequencing ...................................................... 177 Lesson: Special Functions and Mass Processing .............................. 182 Exercise 13: Special Functions and Mass Processing .................... 187
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Lesson: Introduction to the Capacity Planning Table Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of the capacity planning table.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Use the detailed scheduling planning board
Business Example The capacity planners responsible for machine loading are obliged to process the scheduled capacity requirements in production on time. It is therefore necessary that you familiarize yourself with the corresponding tools in the SAP System.
Figure 64: Capacity Planning Environment (6)
The main function of capacity leveling is to dispatch operations. Operations are dispatched in order to fix them at a point in time when there is sufficient capacity for them to be carried out.
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If necessary, you can specify a different work center during dispatching. These work centers must have been selected when you called the planning table.
Figure 65: Capacity Planning Table
The capacity planning table enables you to carry out detailed planning of capacity requirements continuously over time. The capacity planning table consists of several charts arranged horizontally in which the available capacity (operating time) and the capacity requirements (operation duration) are grouped according to various criteria and can be displayed on the same axis. For example, all the capacity requirements for one order, or all the capacity requirements that have been scheduled on one capacity, can be grouped together. Each chart can have its own title bar and it comprises a table section and a diagram section: • •
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The table section contains information for identifying and describing the objects displayed in the diagram section. The diagram section has a window on the virtual time axis in which the available capacity and the capacity requirements are displayed in graphical form with the start and finish date. This window displays the same section for all the charts. You can change this section as much as you like by altering the scale.
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Figure 66: Capacity Leveling - Overall Profile
When you call up capacity leveling and capacity evaluations, all the necessary settings are taken from an overall profile. This overall profile can be a profile provided by SAP or a user-specific profile. For capacity leveling, the relevant overall profiles are tied to a menu option but you can access them using the appropriate USER parameters. If an overall profile is called up for a capacity planning table, the profile for the tabular capacity planning table and the period profile is not required. If an overall profile is called up for a tabular capacity planning table, the profile for the capacity planning table is not required.
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Figure 67: Dispatching Operations
The scheduling dates are the start dates for the search for remaining available capacities in finite scheduling. You can specify them in several ways: • • •
Manual entry Using the scheduled operation dates (lead time scheduling of the planned order or production order) Drag and drop using the mouse
Finite scheduling is a special type of lead time scheduling with a capacity availability check. Finite scheduling is only carried out for operations whose work centers have the Relevant for finite scheduling indicator. Midpoint scheduling is always executed, either during simulation or when data is saved.
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Figure 68: Rescheduling/Deallocating
You can reschedule operations that have already been dispatched by specifying a different date and/or a different work center. If you specify another work center, you must have selected this work center when you called up the planning table. When you deallocate operations, the current dispatching date and the Dispatched status are cancelled. The order is rescheduled. The system can close gaps that arise when operations are rescheduled or deallocated. It does this by moving operations according to the Close gaps key in the strategy profile. Changing the order quantity automatically results in deallocation of the operation. On the capacity planning table, the ATP logic can be used to carry out material availability checks for production orders. The system checks the availability of components at order level, that is, for all operations in the production order for the requirements dates. The result of the availability check can be analyzed in the planning log.
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Figure 69: Other Functions
To change the time periods on the initial screen, click Time Profile. You can display the shift calendar for a capacity on the capacity planning table. The features of the shift period split and the relevant time fence are determined in the time axis profile. You can specify that the system is to hide non-work periods that are common to all capacities on the capacity planning table. To aid orientation, you can insert date markers in the diagram section of the capacity planning table. In Customizing for capacity leveling (under Define Chart Sequence), you can specify that multiple loading be displayed automatically in the capacity planning table. On the planning tables, you can copy data from other structures to production orders and maintenance orders. For example, you can copy material data from the MARA structure in the tabular capacity planning table (text lines) and in the capacity planning table (table section) using the sort layout key. If a work center is being maintained, the capacity at the work center carrying out the maintenance is not available at this time. This capacity is assigned an unchangeable load. To do this, you must make the appropriate entry for the system condition in the maintenance order. To call up a dialog box displaying data on the work center, choose Extras - Planning Info System.
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Exercise 10: Introduction to the Capacity Planning Table Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Perform capacity leveling with the capacity planning table • Reschedule operations
Business Example You want to level capacity overloads with the graphical planning table. You therefore need to learn about handling the planning table.
Task 1: Perform capacity leveling using the capacity planning table. 1.
Call up the capacity planning table with your saved variant V-##. You created this variant for 3 work centers in the Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form unit.
2.
You performed dispatching twice in this unit using the tabular capacity planning table: once automatically on work center R-V##, and once manually on another work center, R-L##. Find out about these work centers using the capacity planning table.
3.
Look for the dispatched operation on work center R-L##. To do this, use the hourly period split.
4.
Do you remember why the processing duration is not displayed for this operation? Are there capacity requirements for this operation's processing time?
Task 2: Create another production order in the capacity planning table with order type PP01 for material R-F1## for dispatching. Goto → Order → Create. 1.
The production order is for the manufacture of 70 pumps and its start date is today. For scheduling with the start date, when the system requests it, set the scheduling type in the production order header to forward scheduling. Resort the requirements in the lower part of the table. Continued on next page
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Edit → Resort 2.
Change the time scale to days (using the daily buckets profile) and, for the order that was just created, dispatch the operation with work center R-V##. Settings → Scale → Daily Buckets Profile
3.
Make a note of the following dates in the order for the dispatched operation: Order: Order start ______________ Order finish _____________ Operation 20: Start ______________ Finish _______________ Select Operation and choose Change Order. Click Change Operation
4.
Move your operation on the capacity planning table one week into the future. Look for the dates in the order and make a note of the order dates. Order start: ________ Order finish: ________ Select Operation and choose Change Order.
5.
Reschedule the production order with a start date that is one week later. Overwrite the order start date and delete the order finish date. Click Schedule Order
6.
Explain what happened to the dates. ________________________________
7.
Increase the total order quantity of this production order to 80 pieces and return to the planning table.
8.
What has happened to the operation? ________________________________
9.
Explain why ________________________________ ________________________________
10. Save the results of your simulation on the planning table.
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Solution 10: Introduction to the Capacity Planning Table Task 1: Perform capacity leveling using the capacity planning table. 1.
Call up the capacity planning table with your saved variant V-##. You created this variant for 3 work centers in the Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form unit.
2.
You performed dispatching twice in this unit using the tabular capacity planning table: once automatically on work center R-V##, and once manually on another work center, R-L##. Find out about these work centers using the capacity planning table.
3.
Look for the dispatched operation on work center R-L##. To do this, use the hourly period split.
4.
Do you remember why the processing duration is not displayed for this operation? Are there capacity requirements for this operation's processing time? a)
Yes
Task 2: Create another production order in the capacity planning table with order type PP01 for material R-F1## for dispatching. Goto → Order → Create. 1.
The production order is for the manufacture of 70 pumps and its start date is today. For scheduling with the start date, when the system requests it, set the scheduling type in the production order header to forward scheduling. Resort the requirements in the lower part of the table. Edit → Resort
2.
Change the time scale to days (using the daily buckets profile) and, for the order that was just created, dispatch the operation with work center R-V##. Settings → Scale → Daily Buckets Profile
3.
Make a note of the following dates in the order for the dispatched operation: Order: Order start ______________ Order finish _____________ Operation 20: Start ______________ Finish _______________ Continued on next page
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Select Operation and choose Change Order. Click Change Operation 4.
Move your operation on the capacity planning table one week into the future. Look for the dates in the order and make a note of the order dates. Order start: ________ Order finish: ________ Select Operation and choose Change Order.
5.
Reschedule the production order with a start date that is one week later. Overwrite the order start date and delete the order finish date. Click Schedule Order
6.
Explain what happened to the dates. ________________________________ a)
Midpoint scheduling was carried out on the basis of the dispatched operation.
7.
Increase the total order quantity of this production order to 80 pieces and return to the planning table.
8.
What has happened to the operation? ________________________________ a)
9.
The operation was deallocated.
Explain why ________________________________ ________________________________ a)
Lead time scheduling was triggered with the new order quantity.
10. Save the results of your simulation on the planning table.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Use the detailed scheduling planning board
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Lesson: Scheduling Strategies Lesson Overview This lesson discusses the different dispatching strategies.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Define important settings for the planning strategy when mass dispatching
Business Example In your production process, you want to level the capacity loads on the resources. You need to carry out capacity leveling with the capacity planning table using various planning strategies.
Figure 70: Strategy Profile
The strategy profile is part of the overall profile for capacity planning and is used to define the parameters for an individual planning strategy. Different strategy profiles reflect different planning goals. You can switch the profile interactively during planning. If the Cancel dispatching due to error indicator is set, dispatching is cancelled if errors are detected when the system checks the operation dates and order dates. The system always writes a log.
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Figure 71: Planning Direction
The planning direction determines the search direction for remaining available capacities if the original operation dates are not available. With automatic scheduling, the system searches in the future for a possible dispatching date within the planning period. When the Change planning direction indicator is set, the system changes the planning direction when searching for remaining available capacity if it does not find any in the planning period in the planning direction. If this indicator is not set, dispatching occurs in the past. When the system dispatches operations at the earliest point in time, it does not take into account the dispatched dates of the operation. With this planning strategy, you can achieve a capacity commitment without any gaps by using the Plan. direction forwards setting.
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Figure 72: Insert Operation/Close Gaps
On the capacity planning table, operations can be inserted into a capacity commitment that already exists. The operations that have already been dispatched are moved according to the planning direction without changing the sequence. The capacity must not allow multiple loading. The Close gaps function is used when a dispatched operation is deallocated or rescheduled. Depending on the planning direction indicator in the strategy profile, the operations that follow or precede the rescheduled or deallocated operation are rescheduled (moved) to close the gap that has arisen. You can define the direction and period concerned in the strategy profile. Therefore, this rescheduling either finishes at the next gap or at the end of the planning period. You can achieve a schedule without gaps by using the Dispatch at earliest point in time function.
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Figure 73: Handling Queue Times
To specify that the system is to check the operation dates and use the queue time, you must set the following indicators in the strategy profile: • •
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Operation date check Use operation float. This means that the operation can only be moved within the earliest and latest dates (queue time). The queue time is calculated according to the settings in the strategy profile.
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Figure 74: Use of Order Floats/Operation Floats
To check the operation dates and use all the order floats, the following indicators must be set in the strategy profile: • •
• •
Operation date check Use operation float. This means that the operation can only be moved within the earliest and latest dates. The queue time is calculated according to the settings in the strategy profile. Indicator: Use float before production Indicator: Use float after production
The time periods are extended by the duration of the order floats and operation floats.
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Figure 75: Dispatching in Freely-Definable Period Split
If the start times of operations must always be at the start of a shift, or if operations must only be dispatched to a shift if they can be completed during the shift, you should use a period pattern to carry out dispatching. If you want to use this function, select a period pattern in the strategy profile (for example, a shift period split) and specify the conditions for dispatching using the following indicators: •
•
•
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Start search in planning direction - If this indicator is set, the search starts at the first point in the split in the planning direction and the search is performed in the planning direction. Always adhere to period pattern - This indicator specifies that either the start dates or the finish dates of operations should always be on points in the period pattern. Operation completely in period pattern - This indicator specifies that the start time and finish time of an operation must lie within a split interval.
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Figure 76: Planning in Non-Work Periods/Fixing
The Planning in non-work periods indicator determines that the system ignores the calendar, operating times, and available capacities during dispatching. A full 24 hours are then available for the available capacity. You can fix planning intervals on the capacity planning table. You can no longer change planning in these time intervals. You cannot deallocate or reschedule operations in these periods and new operations cannot be dispatched.
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Lesson: Scheduling Strategies
Exercise 11: Planning Strategies Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Perform dispatching without gaps • Select the graphical objects that belong together
Business Example You want to level capacity overloads with the graphical planning table. You therefore need to learn about the settings in the strategy profile.
Task 1: Perform dispatching without any gaps using the capacity planning table at work center R-L## and capacity category 002, with a dispatching start in 14 days’ time. 1.
Select at least four operations and dispatch these with the “Date entry when dispatching” planning strategy.
2.
Why must this planning strategy be used?
3.
Now deallocate the second operation and make sure that the work center still has a capacity commitment without any gaps. Indicator in strategy profile: “Close gaps to end of planning period”.
4.
Do not save the planning table.
Task 2: If the operation is rescheduled, you want to ensure that this operation is only dispatched on the scheduled date and that the basic order date remains unchanged. In the following list, simply select those dispatching strategies, with their dependencies, that guarantee this condition. 1.
- Date entry when dispatching Continued on next page
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- Finite scheduling - Midpoint scheduling - Cancel dispatching due to error - Use operation float - Use float before production - Use float after production - Planning direction forwards - Operation date check - Change planning direction
Task 3: Call the capacity planning table by selecting Leveling → Work Center View for your complete area of responsibility, capacity planner R##. 1.
Select all operations for a production order. Select an operation in the lower part of the diagram. Edit → Select → Selection Edit → Select → Objects that belong together
2.
Select all the operations in the same chart. Select an operation in the lower part of the diagram. Edit → Select → For Chart
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Lesson: Scheduling Strategies
Solution 11: Planning Strategies Task 1: Perform dispatching without any gaps using the capacity planning table at work center R-L## and capacity category 002, with a dispatching start in 14 days’ time. 1.
Select at least four operations and dispatch these with the “Date entry when dispatching” planning strategy.
2.
Why must this planning strategy be used? Answer: Otherwise it would be dispatched according to the scheduled dates.
3.
Now deallocate the second operation and make sure that the work center still has a capacity commitment without any gaps. Indicator in strategy profile: “Close gaps to end of planning period”.
4.
Do not save the planning table.
Task 2: If the operation is rescheduled, you want to ensure that this operation is only dispatched on the scheduled date and that the basic order date remains unchanged. In the following list, simply select those dispatching strategies, with their dependencies, that guarantee this condition. 1.
- Date entry when dispatching - Finite scheduling - Midpoint scheduling - Cancel dispatching due to error - Use operation float - Use float before production - Use float after production - Planning direction forwards - Operation date check
Continued on next page
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- Change planning direction a)
For scheduling within the basic order dates, define the strategy profile as follows: - Finite scheduling YES - Cancel dispatching due to error - Operation float and float before production: use backwards planning direction - Float after production: use forwards planning direction - Change planning direction - Operation date check
Task 3: Call the capacity planning table by selecting Leveling → Work Center View for your complete area of responsibility, capacity planner R##. 1.
Select all operations for a production order. Select an operation in the lower part of the diagram. Edit → Select → Selection Edit → Select → Objects that belong together
2.
Select all the operations in the same chart. Select an operation in the lower part of the diagram. Edit → Select → For Chart
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Lesson: Scheduling Strategies
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Define important settings for the planning strategy when mass dispatching
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Lesson: Sequencing Lesson Overview This lesson discusses the formation of sequences for optimal dispatching, using setup group categories and setup group keys as an example.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Define the main settings for dispatching using predetermined sequences.
Business Example In your production process, there are work centers that are overloaded with capacity requirements. You therefore try to ensure that the delivery dates are observed by forming an optimal scheduling sequence of the requirements.
Figure 77: Sequencing 1
You define the dispatching sequence for the selected operations using the sequencing key in the Dispatching sequence field. The operations must have the same start dates.
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Lesson: Sequencing
Once sequencing and dispatching have taken place, the setup standard values are only reduced if the relevant strategy is set in the strategy profile. You can also use other sort criteria by assigning sequence numbers in the order header (planned order and production order).
Figure 78: Sequencing 2
In this example, the dispatching sequence is determined by the setup optimization function instead of the sequencing key. During setup time optimization, the standard value for the setup is changed. As a result, the values for the duration and capacity requirements are recalculated using the formulas. The setup group key and setup group category are a prerequisite both for setup time optimization and for the sort sequence. An Initial setup state field has been integrated into the strategy profile. This field allows you to maintain a predecessor operation for the first operation to be dispatched so that a setup time adjustment can be executed. Operations are also deemed predecessor operations if they lie outside of the planning period but within the evaluation period.
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Figure 79: Sequencing 3
With sequencing, the setup time of an operation that is to be processed at a work center can depend on the operation previously processed at the work center. The setup time therefore depends on the setup status of the work center. The following planning functions that automatically take into account the setup status of the work center are available on the capacity planning table: • • •
Adjusting the setup times of dispatched operations Dispatching operations at the best time for the setup (see this slide for an example) Demonstration: Dispatching Operations in a Sequence with Minimum Setup Time
To calculate the setup time of an operation, these planning functions do not use the setup standard value from the operation, but instead use an appropriate setup standard value from the setup matrix. The setup matrix shows how the setup standard value depends on the setup status of the work center. The setup status of a work center is defined in the setup matrix by the setup group category and the setup group key stored in the operation. The transition between two setup statuses is defined in terms of the setup group categories and the setup group keys of two operations that are processed at the work center, one after the other. The setup standard value saved for a transition is assigned to the following operation.
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Figure 80: User Exits
The user exit is an interface predefined by SAP. You can use the user exit to make customer enhancements without making changes to original SAP objects. The enhancement concept is dealt with in course BC425. You can only access one user exit to sort capacity requirements (CYPP0001) using the interface defined in the program. If a user exit has been activated for the sort sequence, the sequence key is ignored. You can automatically lock time periods for scheduling on the capacity planning table using the enhancement (CY040001). In the table sections of the planning tables, you can use the enhancement (CYPP0002) to fill the text fields with any user-specific data. You use the “Functions - User” menu options to access the user exit for changing operation data (CY190001) from the planning table.
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Exercise 12: Sequencing Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Execute dispatching with an optimal sequence and an automatic setup time optimization.
Business Example To make optimal use of your resources, you want to reduce the setup times with corresponding dispatching sequences. You therefore create a setup matrix and form setup group categories and setup group keys to optimize dispatching using planning strategies.
Task 1: Perform sequencing for the work center R-L##. 1.
Call up the capacity planning table with overall profile SAPSFCG014 for work center R-L## and capacity category 002. Create a production order for product R-F1##. Use order type PP01, a finish date in two weeks' time, and a quantity of 20 pieces. Look at the setup group category and setup group key for operation 30. Capacity Planning → Leveling → Variable → Online Goto → Order → Create Hint: Different products are usually produced at one work center. This would mean that different setup group keys are automatically displayed on this planning table. As we are only planning with one product in this course, you must change the setup group key in some operations.
2.
In the planning table, change the setup group key in the operations of the first production order in the pool, from 30 to 40, and of the fourth production order from 30 to 10. In the production order that was also created, enter the setup group key 20. To save the changes, choose Save when exiting the planning table. Click Change Operation
3.
Call up the planning table again, and use the “Date entry when dispatching” strategy to dispatch four operations for next week on Monday. Continued on next page
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Change the planning strategy from Dispatching at the earliest time to Date entry when dispatching. Select the four operations and choose Dispatch. 4.
Analyze the dispatching result and exit the planning table without saving.
Task 2: Perform sequencing for the work center R-L##. You want to dispatch several operations using setup time optimization. 1.
Once again, call up the capacity planning table with overall profile SAPSFCG014 for work center R-L## and capacity category 002. Capacity Planning → Leveling → Variable → Online
2.
For pump R-F1##, make a note of the setup time in operation 30. Setup time: ______ minutes Select a requirement and click Change Operation. You can find the setup time on the Standard values tab page.
3.
Schedule all the operations using the Setup time optimization and Date entry when dispatching strategies. Select all operations on the lower chart and choose Strategy to access the strategy profile, then set the Setup optimization indicator in the dispatching control area.
4.
Analyze the adjusted setup times. Functions → Reduce setup time → Manually
5.
Compare the result with the setup matrix in Customizing. Customizing: Capacity Requirements Planning → Master Data → Routing Data → Define Setup Matrix
6.
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Save and exit the planning table.
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Lesson: Sequencing
Solution 12: Sequencing Task 1: Perform sequencing for the work center R-L##. 1.
Call up the capacity planning table with overall profile SAPSFCG014 for work center R-L## and capacity category 002. Create a production order for product R-F1##. Use order type PP01, a finish date in two weeks' time, and a quantity of 20 pieces. Look at the setup group category and setup group key for operation 30. Capacity Planning → Leveling → Variable → Online Goto → Order → Create Hint: Different products are usually produced at one work center. This would mean that different setup group keys are automatically displayed on this planning table. As we are only planning with one product in this course, you must change the setup group key in some operations.
2.
In the planning table, change the setup group key in the operations of the first production order in the pool, from 30 to 40, and of the fourth production order from 30 to 10. In the production order that was also created, enter the setup group key 20. To save the changes, choose Save when exiting the planning table. Click Change Operation
3.
Call up the planning table again, and use the “Date entry when dispatching” strategy to dispatch four operations for next week on Monday. Change the planning strategy from Dispatching at the earliest time to Date entry when dispatching. Select the four operations and choose Dispatch.
4.
Analyze the dispatching result and exit the planning table without saving.
Task 2: Perform sequencing for the work center R-L##. You want to dispatch several operations using setup time optimization. 1.
Once again, call up the capacity planning table with overall profile SAPSFCG014 for work center R-L## and capacity category 002. Continued on next page
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Capacity Planning → Leveling → Variable → Online 2.
For pump R-F1##, make a note of the setup time in operation 30. Setup time: ______ minutes Select a requirement and click Change Operation. You can find the setup time on the Standard values tab page.
3.
Schedule all the operations using the Setup time optimization and Date entry when dispatching strategies. Select all operations on the lower chart and choose Strategy to access the strategy profile, then set the Setup optimization indicator in the dispatching control area.
4.
Analyze the adjusted setup times. Functions → Reduce setup time → Manually
5.
Compare the result with the setup matrix in Customizing. Customizing: Capacity Requirements Planning → Master Data → Routing Data → Define Setup Matrix
6.
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Save and exit the planning table.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Define the main settings for dispatching using predetermined sequences.
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Lesson: Special Functions and Mass Processing Lesson Overview This lesson discusses advanced dispatching functions.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • • •
Execute capacity planning with alternative production versions. Use the planning table with the temporary storage function. Execute mass processing as dispatching or deallocation.
Business Example In your production process, there are work centers that are overloaded with capacity requirements. You therefore try to keep to your delivery dates by using mass scheduling and using production versions to process requirements at alternative work centers.
Figure 81: Capacity Planning with Production Versions
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Lesson: Special Functions and Mass Processing
If you have to process an operation at another work center because of insufficient capacity in a planning period, you usually require a different work process. Both the work center and the data concerning times change. If the operations to be dispatched involve planned orders, you can read the routing again and reschedule it. Production versions with alternative routings and production lines must be maintained in the material master. These production lines must also be used in the routing. In Customizing, the Rescheduling with production versions indicator must be set. With manual rescheduling to a bottleneck work center, the new version is read, scheduled, and dispatched. With the Change production version on error dispatching function, the next production version is copied to the planned order during automatic scheduling and manual scheduling. The planned order is rescheduled but not dispatched. With the Terminate when rescheduling with production version strategy indicator, the system ensures that an operation that is meant for a bottleneck work center can only be dispatched manually to a bottleneck work center of another version. Hint: When the planning table is called up using the work center view, only the work centers previously selected are displayed. If the operations that were rescheduled using the planned order are to be displayed on the planning table, these work centers should be selected when you call up the planning table.
Figure 82: Temporary Storage of Planning Results
You can temporarily save planning results without automatically leaving the planning table by calling up the capacity planning table with the SAPSFCG016 overall profile. You can view the result in a backup log.
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Conditions: • •
In the control profile, the Plan. on indicator and the GUI status (change status SAPPLT05) must be set for the pull-down menu. Midpoint scheduling should be activated to update the planning table. Otherwise, an inconsistency will arise when planning results are temporarily stored, because the orders will have been rescheduled.
Figure 83: Mass Processing
Mass processing in production planning and control can be used anywhere where large amounts of data are being processed. It is mainly used in the automatic dispatching and deallocation of operations for predefined work centers in the background. For example, you can specify that, for specific work centers, the pool of orders is automatically dispatched at the start of each week. Mass processing is only possible with the capacity planning table. The following profiles may affect mass dispatching when you call the overall profile: • • •
Selection Profile Strategy Profile Time Profile
The requirements grouping and planning do not influence the individual capacities.
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Note the material availability after mass dispatching or mass rescheduling. This can be determined using a collective availability check.
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Exercise 13: Special Functions and Mass Processing Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Dispatch or deallocate operations in the background
Business Example In your company, the capacity requirements are very high and you therefore want to schedule or deallocate your requirements at specific points in time.
Task 1: You want to define the control parameters for deallocating operations at work centers R-P## and R-V##. To do this, call up capacity planning with Leveling → Variable. Capacity Planning → Leveling → Variable → Background → Execute Enter the name CRP-Deall## in the “Job name” field. Mass processing should be executed using the SAPSFCG001 overall profile. 1.
Parameters for mass processing Redefine selection: Set indicator Action: Deallocate Call up the following function: Save parameters Click Execute Enter work center R-P## Click Continue
Task 2: Once you have saved the parameters, you want to define the batch job for scheduling. Click Back 1.
Enter job name CRP-Deall## and overall profile SAPSFCG001. The Redefine selection indicator must be removed. Set the radio button for Schedule batch job by calling up the Dispatch background job function. Continued on next page
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Click Execute 2.
Now create a variant CRP-VDeall## and link this to job name CRP-Deall##. The variant should be called GR##-deallocate. Click Create Variant Enter CRP-VDeall## as the variant name, and then click Create Select the radio button for all selection screens and clickContinue. Next, enter CRP-Deall## as the job name and click Attributes to go to the variant attributes screen. Then enter Group ## as the meaning. Save your entry and click Back. Select the line with your CRP-VDeall## variant and start immediately. Hint: You can track the progress of the job using the Show dispatching and Refresh buttons.
3.
Check the deallocation on the capacity planning table for your work center R-P##.
Task 3: 1.
You now want to dispatch all the operations for work center R-P## using mass processing. To do this, create the relevant parameters and variants. Use CRP-Disp## as the job name and CRP-VDisp## as the variant.
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Lesson: Special Functions and Mass Processing
Solution 13: Special Functions and Mass Processing Task 1: You want to define the control parameters for deallocating operations at work centers R-P## and R-V##. To do this, call up capacity planning with Leveling → Variable. Capacity Planning → Leveling → Variable → Background → Execute Enter the name CRP-Deall## in the “Job name” field. Mass processing should be executed using the SAPSFCG001 overall profile. 1.
Parameters for mass processing Redefine selection: Set indicator Action: Deallocate Call up the following function: Save parameters Click Execute Enter work center R-P## Click Continue
Task 2: Once you have saved the parameters, you want to define the batch job for scheduling. Click Back 1.
Enter job name CRP-Deall## and overall profile SAPSFCG001. The Redefine selection indicator must be removed. Set the radio button for Schedule batch job by calling up the Dispatch background job function. Click Execute
2.
Now create a variant CRP-VDeall## and link this to job name CRP-Deall##. The variant should be called GR##-deallocate. Click Create Variant Enter CRP-VDeall## as the variant name, and then click Create Select the radio button for all selection screens and clickContinue. Continued on next page
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Next, enter CRP-Deall## as the job name and click Attributes to go to the variant attributes screen. Then enter Group ## as the meaning. Save your entry and click Back. Select the line with your CRP-VDeall## variant and start immediately. Hint: You can track the progress of the job using the Show dispatching and Refresh buttons. 3.
Check the deallocation on the capacity planning table for your work center R-P##.
Task 3: 1.
You now want to dispatch all the operations for work center R-P## using mass processing. To do this, create the relevant parameters and variants. Use CRP-Disp## as the job name and CRP-VDisp## as the variant.
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Lesson: Special Functions and Mass Processing
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Execute capacity planning with alternative production versions. • Use the planning table with the temporary storage function. • Execute mass processing as dispatching or deallocation.
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Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Use the detailed scheduling planning board • Define important settings for the planning strategy when mass dispatching • Define the main settings for dispatching using predetermined sequences. • Execute capacity planning with alternative production versions. • Use the planning table with the temporary storage function. • Execute mass processing as dispatching or deallocation.
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Unit 9 Resource Planning Unit Overview This unit demonstrates the planning of individual capacities and persons.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • • • • •
Explain capacity planning for persons and individual capacities Describe the master data required for persons and individual capacities Describe the selection of a person qualified to execute a particular operation Define the data required in HR to define qualification and requirements profiles Describe the types of capacity splits and selections using ranking lists Describe how splits are confirmed
Unit Contents Lesson: Assigning Individual Capacities......................................... 194 Exercise 14: Optional: Assigning Individual Capacities ................... 199 Lesson: Dispatching to Individual Capacities ................................... 205 Exercise 15: Optional: Dispatching to Individual Capacities.............. 209
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Lesson: Assigning Individual Capacities Lesson Overview This lesson discusses the assignment of persons and individual capacities to the capacity at the work center.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • • • •
Explain capacity planning for persons and individual capacities Describe the master data required for persons and individual capacities Describe the selection of a person qualified to execute a particular operation Define the data required in HR to define qualification and requirements profiles
Business Example Due to continually growing competition and the market's increased demands regarding quality, it may be necessary to carry out planning in more detail. This requires persons and individual capacities to be assigned to the capacities.
Figure 84: Application Criteria for Splits
A split is a partial capacity requirement that must be assigned to an individual capacity. In Customizing, the capacity category determines the creation of individual capacities. Splitting involves the splitting of quantities or standard values.
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Lesson: Assigning Individual Capacities
Figure 85: Capacity Assignments
These four elements can be assigned to the capacity. The possible assignments depend on the capacity category. You can only maintain links to persons, qualifications, and positions if the SAP Human Resources (HR) module has been implemented. These links can also be assigned to the work center header. Assigning individual capacities to a capacity allows you to carry out more detailed planning within capacity planning. This link allows you to divide up the capacities, for example, into individual machines for which available capacities can also be maintained. Linking persons with the capacity allows you to specify individual employees who are selected to work at this capacity. The assigned (linked) persons must already exist in the personnel system. Linking a qualification to a capacity ensures that only employees with appropriate qualifications will be selected to work at this capacity. You specify which qualifications are required for someone to work at the capacity. If the capacity is linked to a requirements profile, the qualification is determined by the requirements profile.
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Figure 86: Qualifications - Objectives
In addition to the purely manual assignment of individual capacities, you can also select employees with the right qualifications on the basis of qualification specifications resulting from data entered in the: • • •
work center, work center capacity, and operation.
You can maintain these qualifications or requirements profiles in the personnel system. You can also save positions in the operation (the former serve as the bearers of qualifications). All the data is linked when selecting a suitable person.
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Figure 87: Qualifications - Skills Required
In the routing and in the order, you can attach requirements profiles, a job, and a position to an operation. You can assign requirements profiles and qualifications (with characteristics) to work centers and capacities. You define a requirements profile in the HR system. To work with the profile, it must be linked to one or more qualifications. You can assign a characteristic to each qualification. A HR work center must be created if requirements profiles are to be assigned in the work center maintenance. This is not necessary in the case of an assignment to a capacity with the category labor. You can use requirements profiles with operations, work centers, and capacities. The user must decide whether he/she wants to assign qualifications only, requirements profiles only, or both. People can also be assigned to positions.
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Figure 88: Ranking List
The ranking list is the result of comparing the qualifications in the operation, work center, and capacity with the abilities of the individual employees. The system compares the required qualifications of the operation, the work center, and capacity with the abilities of the employees. The result is a ranking list. From this list, you can select an employee and assign the capacity requirements to this person.
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Lesson: Assigning Individual Capacities
Exercise 14: Optional: Assigning Individual Capacities Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Assign individual capacities to a work center • Assign persons and qualifications to a work center
Business Example The capacity planners in plant 1000 must assign specific machines and/or persons to specific operations in contrast to other plants that only have to assign work at work center level. Test this function by first assigning the three machines to the machine work center. Assign the two persons who are to prepare the parts to be processed to the appropriate labor work center.
Task 1: Assigning individual capacities to a work center. Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Change 1.
Assign the following three individual capacities to work center R-L##: L1## (machine 1) to L3## (machine 3). Assign these individual capacities to the machine capacity category. Select Capacities for capacity category Machine (001), and select Capacity Header. Choose Goto → Individual Capacities
2.
Change the standard available capacity from L1## and L2## as follows: The day should begin at 5:00 and finish at 14:00. The break for each machine lasts 1 hour. L3## has the same hours as the standard available capacity of this capacity category. Double-click L1##. Continued on next page
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Define the standard available capacity. 3.
Save the changes to the work center.
Task 2: Assigning persons and qualifications to a work center. 1.
Assign Manfred Weinig and Udo Schüttler to the labor capacity at work center R-M##. Hint: Use the standard matchcode. Check the persons assigned. Select Capacities for the labor capacity (002), and select Capacity Header. Choose Goto → HR Assignment. Open up folder 002 and double-click Person. Enter the names Weinig and Schüttler one after the other in the dialog box, and confirm (copy) your entries. To check the entries you just made, open up the Person folder.
2.
To work at the work center, certain technical knowledge is required. To do this, maintain the following qualifications with the characteristics: Qualification
Characteristic
Knowledge of Business Process Technology
High
Knowledge of Materials
Very high
Knowledge of Quality Management
Very high
Use the structure search as the search help. Return to the capacity header. Choose Goto → HR Assignment. Click the Qualifications button and then click Create. Select the Structure Search tab page. Drill down Business Knowledge with suboptions Skills & Abilities with Continued on next page
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Business Admin. Skills/Knowledge and Knowledge of Business Process Technology Drill down Business Knowledge with suboptions Skills & Abilities with the Technical Knowledge, Skills & Abilities with the Mechanical Knowledge, Skills & Abilities and Knowledge of Materials Drill down Business Knowledge with suboptions Skills & Abilities with the Technical Knowledge, Skills & Abilities, Monitoring & Testing Skills and Knowledge of Quality Management Select the qualifications and copy them using Continue Use the input help to analyze the characteristic. 3.
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Save the changes to the work center.
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Solution 14: Optional: Assigning Individual Capacities Task 1: Assigning individual capacities to a work center. Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Change 1.
Assign the following three individual capacities to work center R-L##: L1## (machine 1) to L3## (machine 3). Assign these individual capacities to the machine capacity category. Select Capacities for capacity category Machine (001), and select Capacity Header. Choose Goto → Individual Capacities
2.
Change the standard available capacity from L1## and L2## as follows: The day should begin at 5:00 and finish at 14:00. The break for each machine lasts 1 hour. L3## has the same hours as the standard available capacity of this capacity category. Double-click L1##. Define the standard available capacity.
3.
Save the changes to the work center.
Task 2: Assigning persons and qualifications to a work center. 1.
Assign Manfred Weinig and Udo Schüttler to the labor capacity at work center R-M##. Hint: Use the standard matchcode. Check the persons assigned. Select Capacities for the labor capacity (002), and select Capacity Header. Choose Goto → HR Assignment. Continued on next page
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Open up folder 002 and double-click Person. Enter the names Weinig and Schüttler one after the other in the dialog box, and confirm (copy) your entries. To check the entries you just made, open up the Person folder. 2.
To work at the work center, certain technical knowledge is required. To do this, maintain the following qualifications with the characteristics: Qualification
Characteristic
Knowledge of Business Process Technology
High
Knowledge of Materials
Very high
Knowledge of Quality Management
Very high
Use the structure search as the search help. Return to the capacity header. Choose Goto → HR Assignment. Click the Qualifications button and then click Create. Select the Structure Search tab page. Drill down Business Knowledge with suboptions Skills & Abilities with Business Admin. Skills/Knowledge and Knowledge of Business Process Technology Drill down Business Knowledge with suboptions Skills & Abilities with the Technical Knowledge, Skills & Abilities with the Mechanical Knowledge, Skills & Abilities and Knowledge of Materials Drill down Business Knowledge with suboptions Skills & Abilities with the Technical Knowledge, Skills & Abilities, Monitoring & Testing Skills and Knowledge of Quality Management Select the qualifications and copy them using Continue Use the input help to analyze the characteristic. 3.
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Save the changes to the work center.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Explain capacity planning for persons and individual capacities • Describe the master data required for persons and individual capacities • Describe the selection of a person qualified to execute a particular operation • Define the data required in HR to define qualification and requirements profiles
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Lesson: Dispatching to Individual Capacities
Lesson: Dispatching to Individual Capacities Lesson Overview This lesson discusses the assignment of capacity requirements to persons and individual capacities.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • •
Describe the types of capacity splits and selections using ranking lists Describe how splits are confirmed
Business Example Due to continually growing competition and the market's increased demands regarding quality, it may be necessary to carry out planning in more detail. After persons and individual capacities have been assigned to the capacities, capacity requirements can be assigned in detail.
Figure 89: Split Types
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Several types of split are available. The data used to define splits depends on the type of operation (operations with work elements or internally processed operations). In the case of operations with work elements (SFC), you can split either the quantity or the standard values of the capacity requirements. In the case of internally processed operations (PS, PM, PP-PI), you can split the work or the duration. Splitting the quantity corresponds to splitting the duration, and splitting the standard values corresponds to splitting the work. It makes sense to split the quantity if parts of the task are to be carried out either by two or more individual capacities at the same time or by one or more individual capacities at different times and there are gaps between them. If an operation can be split into two or more partial tasks that can be executed by different individual capacities at the same time and for the whole quantity, it makes sense to use the standard value split. In very specific cases, it can be useful to split both the quantity and the standard values.
Figure 90: Confirmation of Splits
A summary confirmation can only be carried out for splits that have not been partially or finally confirmed. The capacity requirements for the splits that were not partially or finally confirmed are reduced when the operation is finally confirmed. For example, this is possible in the case of splits with very small requirements where a confirmation would mean too much work. If the requirements for the operation are only partly distributed over splits, the split requirements are reduced when the split is confirmed. The remaining requirements that were not distributed to splits are only reduced when the operation is confirmed.
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Example: An operation has capacity requirements of 10 hours. 2 operations are assigned capacity requirements of 4 hours each. The capacity requirements that were not allocated (2 hours) are reduced when the operation is confirmed. The capacity requirements for the individual capacities (two lots of 4 hours) are reduced when the individual capacities are confirmed.
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Exercise 15: Optional: Dispatching to Individual Capacities Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Assign capacity requirements with the capacity planning table to individual machines or persons
Business Example The person responsible for the machine must define the operations in the order as specific machines and persons for which he is responsible. First he wants to allocate or split the work among the machines and persons before he schedules the operations. When the work is ready, he will then schedule the operations to the work center on the basis of these splits.
Task 1: Creating a production order for splitting. Logistics → Production → Shop Floor Control → Order → Create → With Material 1.
Create a production order for material R-F1## with order type PP01 in plant 1000. Order 100 pieces, scheduled forward as of next Monday.
2.
Release and save the order. Make a note of the order number: ______________________ Order → Functions → Release
Task 2: Allocating and scheduling with persons on the capacity planning table. 1.
Start capacity leveling for individual capacities (machines 1 to 3) for work center R-L## in plant 1000, for capacity category 001. Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Leveling → Individual Capacity View → Planning Table (Graphical)
2.
Select the production order from task 1 from the pool of orders for the orders to be scheduled. Continued on next page
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Split the operation and allocate it to the appropriate machines. Each machine should process the whole operation quantity, but with different standard values: Machine 1 = 2 minutes, machine 2 = 2 minutes, and machine 3 = 1 minute. Select the operation. Choose Split/allocate Assign machines and split quantities Choose Standard Values Change the standard values for the machines to 2, 2, 1 Enter 3.
Schedule the splits and save the changes to the planning table.
Task 3: Allocating and scheduling with persons on the capacity planning table. 1.
Start capacity leveling for the individual capacities at work center R-M## in plant 1000, for capacity category 002.
2.
Select the production order from the previous exercise in the pool of orders to be scheduled. Split the operation and allocate to the most suitable employee a quantity of 60 and to the other employee a quantity of 40. Schedule the splits and save the changes made on the planning table. Select the production order in the pool of orders to be scheduled. Choose Split/allocate. Ranking list – (percentage) select a suitable person for the quantity of 60 – allocate the quantity of 40 to the second employee. Set the Dispatch (D) indicator for both split records.
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Save the changes made to the planning table.
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Solution 15: Optional: Dispatching to Individual Capacities Task 1: Creating a production order for splitting. Logistics → Production → Shop Floor Control → Order → Create → With Material 1.
Create a production order for material R-F1## with order type PP01 in plant 1000. Order 100 pieces, scheduled forward as of next Monday. a)
2.
No solution is necessary, as all of the menu paths are in the exercises.
Release and save the order. Make a note of the order number: ______________________ Order → Functions → Release
Task 2: Allocating and scheduling with persons on the capacity planning table. 1.
Start capacity leveling for individual capacities (machines 1 to 3) for work center R-L## in plant 1000, for capacity category 001. Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Leveling → Individual Capacity View → Planning Table (Graphical)
2.
Select the production order from task 1 from the pool of orders for the orders to be scheduled. Split the operation and allocate it to the appropriate machines. Each machine should process the whole operation quantity, but with different standard values: Machine 1 = 2 minutes, machine 2 = 2 minutes, and machine 3 = 1 minute. Select the operation. Choose Split/allocate Assign machines and split quantities Choose Standard Values Change the standard values for the machines to 2, 2, 1 Enter Continued on next page
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Schedule the splits and save the changes to the planning table.
Task 3: Allocating and scheduling with persons on the capacity planning table. 1.
Start capacity leveling for the individual capacities at work center R-M## in plant 1000, for capacity category 002.
2.
Select the production order from the previous exercise in the pool of orders to be scheduled. Split the operation and allocate to the most suitable employee a quantity of 60 and to the other employee a quantity of 40. Schedule the splits and save the changes made on the planning table. Select the production order in the pool of orders to be scheduled. Choose Split/allocate. Ranking list – (percentage) select a suitable person for the quantity of 60 – allocate the quantity of 40 to the second employee. Set the Dispatch (D) indicator for both split records.
3.
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Save the changes made to the planning table.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Describe the types of capacity splits and selections using ranking lists • Describe how splits are confirmed
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Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Explain capacity planning for persons and individual capacities • Describe the master data required for persons and individual capacities • Describe the selection of a person qualified to execute a particular operation • Define the data required in HR to define qualification and requirements profiles • Describe the types of capacity splits and selections using ranking lists • Describe how splits are confirmed
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Unit 10 Customizing Capacity Planning Unit Overview The key focus of this unit is the creation and alteration of overall profiles, but it also deals with the system settings for the work center and for work center formulas.
Unit Objectives After completing this unit, you will be able to: • • • • • • • •
Create a detailed capacity list. Create an overall profile for capacity evaluation using a modified selection profile and list profile Create a work center category and capacity category Define the default available capacity with a reference available capacity Describe how intervals and shift sequences are used in capacity planning Create a formula for the capacity leveling of volumes, for example a washing bay. Create an overall profile for capacity leveling with the capacity planning table so that you can level bottleneck capacities Use the check report to change an overall profile for capacity leveling for the capacity planning table.
Unit Contents Lesson: Setting the Detailed Capacity List ...................................... 217 Exercise 16: Setting the Detailed Capacity List ............................ 219 Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Evaluation).................... 224 Exercise 17: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Evaluation) .......... 233 Lesson: System Settings for the Work Center .................................. 239 Exercise 18: System Settings for the Work Center ........................ 243 Lesson: Creating Formulas........................................................ 251 Exercise 19: Creating Formulas .............................................. 257 Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form)... 262
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Exercise 20: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form) ............................................................................. 273 Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form) .. 276 Exercise 21: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form) ............................................................................. 279
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Lesson: Setting the Detailed Capacity List
Lesson: Setting the Detailed Capacity List Lesson Overview This lesson show you how to create a detailed capacity list for evaluating capacity.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Create a detailed capacity list.
Business Example Your company wants to be able to use the detailed capacity list to see which production orders have already been released. You copy a detailed capacity list and expand it by including a column with the order status.
Figure 91: Capacity Planning / Overall Profile Evaluations
The overall profile contains four subprofiles.
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In the options profile, the default parameters are specified for the type of display, the display period, distribution, and branching in display or change mode. Most of the settings can be changed in the application using Settings - General for this evaluation run. The selection profile determines which sets are accessed to generate the various selection screens, and for which period the capacity requirements are read from the database. The list profile specifies the layout of the detailed capacity list and the variable overview, and determines which list is automatically displayed. The graphics profile contains settings for the layout of the various graphics: • • •
Determining the earliest/latest dates of operations Sort sequence such as date, material number, order number Displaying columns, bars, or lines
The line display is only useful for a cumulative display.
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Exercise 16: Setting the Detailed Capacity List Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Make changes to the detailed capacity list
Business Example As the person responsible for the system settings for capacity planning in your company, you want to see additional information about the work centers that have a load in a detailed capacity list.
Task 1: 1.
Call up the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation for your work centers of capacity planner R##.
Task 2: You want to identify which production orders have been released and therefore want to add the “Overall order status” to the detailed capacity list. 1.
Copy the profile for the SAPDETC0 list variant to capacity planning (evaluation). The new profile should have the name Z360-## and the description Compact list ##. Save the copied profile.
2.
Change the subprofile in the Z360-## profile that you copied. First copy the “Displayed fields” subprofile to the Z## profile name by using it as a template. Now include a column for the “Overall order status” after the pegged requirements column.
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Reduce the column width for the “Overall order status” to 20 and the column width for “Material” to 8 characters. Save the Z360-## list variant with the new Z## subprofile. Hint: To ensure that the original list is not changed, it is imperative that you swap the standard subprofile, SAPDETF0, with the Z## profile before saving the list variant. Before you save it, you can protect this profile from changes by other users.
Task 3: 1.
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Call up the detailed capacity list for your work centers of capacity planner R## again. Change the list variant and look at the status of the order.
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Solution 16: Setting the Detailed Capacity List Task 1: 1.
Call up the detailed capacity list in the capacity evaluation for your work centers of capacity planner R##. a)
Menu path: Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders (CM02)
Task 2: You want to identify which production orders have been released and therefore want to add the “Overall order status” to the detailed capacity list. 1.
Copy the profile for the SAPDETC0 list variant to capacity planning (evaluation). The new profile should have the name Z360-## and the description Compact list ##. Save the copied profile. a)
Menu path: SPRO - Production → Capacity Requirements Planning → Evaluation → Lists → Define list versions of detailed capacity list Use the Copy As button to select the SAPDETC0 profile.
2.
Change the subprofile in the Z360-## profile that you copied. First copy the “Displayed fields” subprofile to the Z## profile name by using it as a template. Now include a column for the “Overall order status” after the pegged requirements column.
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Reduce the column width for the “Overall order status” to 20 and the column width for “Material” to 8 characters. Save the Z360-## list variant with the new Z## subprofile. Hint: To ensure that the original list is not changed, it is imperative that you swap the standard subprofile, SAPDETF0, with the Z## profile before saving the list variant. Before you save it, you can protect this profile from changes by other users. a)
Switch to the Z360-## profile and call the multiple selection for the Displayed fields subprofile. Copy the Z## subprofile with the SAPDETF0 template. Select the Overall order status field. In the Selected Fields table, select Overall order status again and set the cursor to pegged requirements. Click Move. In each case, change the specified column lengths. Enter the new subprofile for Displayed fields Z##. Click Save
Task 3: 1.
Call up the detailed capacity list for your work centers of capacity planner R## again. Change the list variant and look at the status of the order. a)
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CM02 and the menu Settings → Detail.cap.list → Get list variant
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Lesson: Setting the Detailed Capacity List
Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Create a detailed capacity list.
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Evaluation) Lesson Overview This lesson show you how to create an overall profile for evaluating capacity.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Create an overall profile for capacity evaluation using a modified selection profile and list profile
Business Example The initial screen of the overall profile has too few input fields for selecting work centers. You therefore create a new overall profile.
Figure 92: Overall Profile
The overall profile includes four subprofiles with the following meanings: The selection profile determines which sets are accessed to generate the various selection screens, and for which period the capacity requirements are read from the database.
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The order set, the capacity category set, and the work center set are used for additional selection criteria. The list profile specifies the layout of the detailed capacity list and the variable overview, and determines which list is automatically displayed. The graphics profile contains settings for the layout of the various graphics: • • •
Determining the earliest/latest dates of operations Sort sequence such as date, material number, order number Displaying columns, bars, or lines
In the options profile, the default parameters are specified for the type of display, the display period, distribution and branching in display or change mode. An overall profile can be accessed with the user parameters CY1 - CY7 individually for every user.
Figure 93: Structure of a Set
It is important to distinguish between basic sets that always refer to one criterion and multidimension sets that group together any number of basic sets. For example, which selection criteria are displayed in a dialog box for selection depends on the basic sets the multidimension set consists of.
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Multidimension sets are always used in the selection profile, in the combinations, and in the column definitions in the variable overview. Whether and how you can specify values for a selection criterion is determined by the structure of the relevant basic set. You can use the basic set to specify: • •
whether an individual value or a value range can be specified whether the criterion is assigned a fixed value and thus no user specification is required
Sets are specified in Customizing for capacity planning and grouped together in a selection profile or in a combination. To make it possible to specify an individual value or a value range for a selection criterion, a variable must be defined for the individual value or for the upper and lower limit of the value range. You create variables in Customizing for capacity planning.
Figure 94: Selection Profile (Capacity Evaluations)
You use the selection profile, among other things, to specify which sets are used to define the layout of the various dialog boxes.
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You can also specify the database read period in the selection profile in the section Interval period. In the evaluation, only those capacity requirements are read from the database where at least one date (for example, the earliest start date) falls in the period defined. The display period (see settings) must also lie in the database read period. During the capacity evaluation, you can specify another selection profile via Planning → Profiles → Selection Profile.
Figure 95: Options Profile (Capacity Evaluations)
The options profile groups together general settings. You can change most of these settings during the evaluation under Settings → General. You can change the following parameters during the capacity evaluation using other menu options or a function key: • •
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Values for the minimum and maximum load displayed in the standard overview The standard distribution key for work orders and networks/maintenance orders
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You cannot change the following parameters during the capacity evaluation: •
• • •
Date for dispatching the backlog: If remaining requirements are displayed, then all the requirements whose finish dates lie before the date for dispatching the backlog are dispatched to the period that contains this date. Production order indicator: The indicator specifies whether you branch to production orders in display mode or in change mode. Planned order indicator: The indicator specifies whether you branch to planned orders in display mode or in change mode. Work center indicator: The indicator specifies whether you branch to work centers or capacities in display mode or in change mode.
Figure 96: User Parameters - Capacity Evaluation
An overall profile can be accessed with user parameters CY1 - CY7 individually for every user.
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Figure 97: Extended Evaluation
In the extended evaluation, you can display all relevant objects (persons, individual capacities, SOP requirements). You can sort all the lists in any way you like, even in groups.
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Figure 98: Structure of a Profile (Extended Evaluation)
The overall profile for the extended evaluation contains six subprofiles whose settings are compatible with one another. You can maintain them in Customizing for Capacity leveling and Extended Evaluation. The selection profile specifies which sets are used to determine the layout of the various selection screens. In the list profile, you specify which list is displayed when you access the extended evaluation. You can branch from one list to another using Goto. In the time profile, you specify for what time period the capacity requirements are read from the database. The database read period, the evaluation period, the planning period, and the date for dispatching the backlog are specified in the time profile. All requirements lying wholly or partly in the database read period are accessed. The period profile specifies the periods in which the loads appear. For example, a period can represent a day, a week, several days, or several weeks. In the options profile, you can specify the work center hierarchy name for cumulating available capacity and capacity requirements, and you can specify the distribution key. In the control profile, you specify the type of presentation and the layout of the data (here: lists in period form).
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Figure 99: Structure of a Set (Extended Evaluation)
It is important to distinguish between a basic set and a multidimension set. The object set stands for a multidimension set. A multidimension set groups together several basic sets. The field names for the selection fields are defined in the basic set. You can specify values or variables for these field names. A default value can be specified for a variable for a particular field name.
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Exercise 17: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Evaluation) Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Define an overall profile with a new initial screen and a new list profile
Business Example As the capacity planner in your company, you want to use certain work centers in the initial screen for the selection. You therefore create a new initial set and add this to a new overall profile. You also want to always call this overall profile automatically if you select Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders from the menu.
Task: Create an overall profile with the description Z360-GES## for a new initial screen. You want to see the following input fields when you call up this overall profile: Work center from: Work center to: Capacity category: Capacity planner group: Plant: You should always select work center R-V##. 1.
In the first step, create a new basic set Z360-BS## for the entry Work center from/to for the work center field name. As the descriptive text, choose ##-Work center from/to. For the entry fields, include two variables and set work center R-V## as the value.
2.
In the second step, create a new multidimension set Z360-MS## for the complete initial screen. Use the 5kstart1 set as the copy template. As the descriptive text, choose Work center, CapCat and CapPl. Change the multidimension set for the entry fields according to the defaults and the sequence under 1.
3.
Copy the SAPA010 selection profile as a separate profile with the name Z360-SP## and swap the initial set with the multidimension set created under 1-2. As the descriptive text, choose GR ## Selection Profile. Continued on next page
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Copy the SAPX912 overall profile as a separate profile with the name Z360-OP## and swap the selection profile with the profile created under 1-3. As the descriptive text, choose GR ## Overall Profile.
5.
Create a list profile called Z360-##. Use your detailed capacity list Z360-## in this list profile.
6.
Swap the list profile in your overall profile Z360-OP##.
7.
You want to always call this overall profile automatically if you select Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders from the menu. Maintain your user parameters by specifying your overall profile for this parameter (CY2).
8.
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Test your overall profile with work centers R-M01 to R-M99 and look at the requirements for work center R-V##.
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Evaluation)
Solution 17: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Evaluation) Task: Create an overall profile with the description Z360-GES## for a new initial screen. You want to see the following input fields when you call up this overall profile: Work center from: Work center to: Capacity category: Capacity planner group: Plant: You should always select work center R-V##. 1.
In the first step, create a new basic set Z360-BS## for the entry Work center from/to for the work center field name. As the descriptive text, choose ##-Work center from/to. For the entry fields, include two variables and set work center R-V## as the value. a)
Create a new basic set Z360-BS## for the work center field name and add two variables and a value to the R-V## work center. SPRO - Capacity Requirements Planning → Evaluation → Selection Set → Define Sets. Create Set. For the variables, place the cursor in the entry field and choose Variable.
Continued on next page
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In the second step, create a new multidimension set Z360-MS## for the complete initial screen. Use the 5kstart1 set as the copy template. As the descriptive text, choose Work center, CapCat and CapPl. Change the multidimension set for the entry fields according to the defaults and the sequence under 1. a)
Create the new multidimension set Z360-MS##. Use the 5kstart1 set as the copy template. Change the multidimension set for the entry fields according to the defaults and the sequence under 3-1. Change the copied multidimension set as follows: Swap the set in row 001 with the basic set Z360-BS. Before row 002, add the 5KKAPARV set for the capacity category.
3.
Copy the SAPA010 selection profile as a separate profile with the name Z360-SP## and swap the initial set with the multidimension set created under 1-2. As the descriptive text, choose GR ## Selection Profile. a)
Copy the SAPA010 selection profile to a separate profile with the name Z360-SP## and swap the initial set with the multidimension set created under 1-2. SPRO - Capacity Requirements Planning → Evaluation → Profiles → Define Selection Profiles.
4.
Copy the SAPX912 overall profile as a separate profile with the name Z360-OP## and swap the selection profile with the profile created under 1-3. As the descriptive text, choose GR ## Overall Profile. a)
Copy the SAPX912 overall profile into a separate profile with the name Z360-OP## and swap the selection profile with the profile created under 1-3. SPRO - Capacity Requirements Planning → Evaluation → Profiles → Define Overall Profiles.
5.
Create a list profile called Z360-##. Use your detailed capacity list Z360-## in this list profile. a)
SPRO - Capacity Requirements Planning → Evaluation → Profiles → Define List Profiles. Copy the SAPC020 profile and set the Z360-## list as the detailed capacity list. Continued on next page
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6.
Swap the list profile in your overall profile Z360-OP##. a)
7.
SPRO - Capacity Requirements Planning → Evaluation → Profiles → Define Overall Profiles.
You want to always call this overall profile automatically if you select Evaluation → Work Center View → Orders from the menu. Maintain your user parameters by specifying your overall profile for this parameter (CY2). a)
System → User Profile → Own Data. Choose the Parameters tab page. Fill parameter CY2 with the value from your Z360-OP## profile.
8.
Test your overall profile with work centers R-M01 to R-M99 and look at the requirements for work center R-V##. a)
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Transaction CM02.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Create an overall profile for capacity evaluation using a modified selection profile and list profile
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Lesson: System Settings for the Work Center
Lesson: System Settings for the Work Center Lesson Overview This lesson provides an overview of how to create a new work center category and default data.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • • •
Create a work center category and capacity category Define the default available capacity with a reference available capacity Describe how intervals and shift sequences are used in capacity planning
Business Example Your company wants to be offered as many default values as possible for creating a work center. You make the required settings for this in Customizing.
Figure 100: Configuring Work Centers
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Figure 101: Work Center Field Selection
Fields of the work center are combined into screen groups. Modifiable fields are predefined by SAP for every screen group. Attributes (mandatory entries, displays, etc.) can be switched on or off per field. The settings for each field can also be controlled per work center category. This control is possible via a specific switch for influenceable fields. The work center category is provided as the only dependency. Settings for field selection are transportable and release-enabled. The sequence of screen groups can also be defined per work center category.
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Figure 102: Shift Sequences and Shifts
The tables used for the management of shift sequences, shift definitions, and work break schedules are also used in the HR application. Breaks are represented using work break schedules and are used in shift definitions. The shift grouping argument is used to distinguish between table entries for the PP and HR applications. Groupings 51 .... 99 have been defined for PP.
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Lesson: System Settings for the Work Center
Exercise 18: System Settings for the Work Center Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Create a work center and a capacity category • Create and use a default capacity
Business Example In your company, the same available capacities apply in some areas with work centers. You therefore maintain default available capacities for these special features.
Task 1: Create a new work center category for plant 1000. 1.
The work center category should have the number A-## with the description Group ## and be used for the routings for production.
2.
Create the following screen sequence for the work center category: Basic data, capacity data, scheduling, and default values
3.
Since work centers with the A-## work center category are only used in production, adjust the Capacities and Scheduling tab pages to your requirements. You should not obtain a specific distribution key or input options for the setup time. Influence the field selection for the A-## work center category accordingly.
4.
Allocate the screen sequence and field selection to the A-## work center category.
Task 2: Maintain a new capacity category for the Machine category. 1.
Maintain a new capacity category for the Machine category. The key for the capacity category is M## and you must use Group ## as the description.
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Task 3: Create a default capacity for the M# capacity category and plant 1000. 1.
Create a default capacity for the M# capacity category and plant 1000. Only maintain the planner group 0##, the base unit of measure H, 85% capacity utilization and 1 as the number for individual capacity.
Task 4: Create a capacity GR-## for capacity category M## in plant 1000. 1.
Create a capacity GR-## for capacity category M## in plant 1000, and allocate the PP shift sequence and the grouping 51 to this category for the next 12 months.
Task 5: Define an available capacity. 1.
In the default capacity for capacity category M##, define capacity GR-## as the reference available capacity.
Task 6: Create a work center for the assembly. 1.
To maintain the screen, it is imperative that you use the Next Screen button. Using the data maintenance, check the transfer of the previously made system settings and the available capacity profile for capacity category M##. Basic data: Plant: 1000 Work center number: M-## Work center category: A-## Work center description: Assembly-## Capacity data: Capacity category 001 and M## Scheduling data: Capacity category 001 as a scheduling basis Default values: Continued on next page
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Control key PP01
Task 7: Optional In your company, there are work centers that must be in use seven days of the week. Maintain a calendar that permits a week with seven workdays. Your company also has a company vacation each year from December 20th to January 06th.
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Create a factory calendar with the ID K# (for groups 1-9 and as of group 10 the ID 10-30 for groups 10-30). Use the public holiday calendar for Baden-Württemberg.
2.
Specify the company vacation as a special rule.
3.
Assign the calendar to capacity category 001.
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Solution 18: System Settings for the Work Center Task 1: Create a new work center category for plant 1000. 1.
The work center category should have the number A-## with the description Group ## and be used for the routings for production. a)
SPRO - Production → Basic Data → Work Center → General Data → Define Work Center Category To add the work centers for routings to production, select the work center category, select Application, and click the New Entries button.
2.
Create the following screen sequence for the work center category: Basic data, capacity data, scheduling, and default values a)
SPRO - Production → Basic Data → Work Center → Set Up Work Center Screen Sequence Delete the superfluous rows and enter the screen sequence using new continuous numbers.
3.
Since work centers with the A-## work center category are only used in production, adjust the Capacities and Scheduling tab pages to your requirements. You should not obtain a specific distribution key or input options for the setup time. Influence the field selection for the A-## work center category accordingly. a)
SPRO - Production → Basic Data → Work Center → General Data → Define Field Selection Select the Capacity and Scheduling screen groups in succession and choose Influencing. As an influencing value, set the work center capacity from exercise 1-1, and use the radio button to switch the corresponding fields to Hide.
4.
Allocate the screen sequence and field selection to the A-## work center category. a)
SPRO - Production → Basic Data → Work Center → General Data → Define Work Center Category
Continued on next page
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Task 2: Maintain a new capacity category for the Machine category. 1.
Maintain a new capacity category for the Machine category. The key for the capacity category is M## and you must use Group ## as the description. a)
SPRO - Production → Basic Data → Work Center → Capacity Planning → Define Capacity Category Choose New Entries.
Task 3: Create a default capacity for the M# capacity category and plant 1000. 1.
Create a default capacity for the M# capacity category and plant 1000. Only maintain the planner group 0##, the base unit of measure H, 85% capacity utilization and 1 as the number for individual capacity. a)
SPRO - Production → Basic Data → Work Center → Capacity Planning → Define Default Capacity
Task 4: Create a capacity GR-## for capacity category M## in plant 1000. 1.
Create a capacity GR-## for capacity category M## in plant 1000, and allocate the PP shift sequence and the grouping 51 to this category for the next 12 months. a)
Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Capacity → Create. Choose Intervals and shifts and Insert interval.
Task 5: Define an available capacity. 1.
In the default capacity for capacity category M##, define capacity GR-## as the reference available capacity. a)
SPRO - Production → Basic Data → Work Center → Capacity Planning → Define Default Capacity Choose Reference available capacity.
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Task 6: Create a work center for the assembly. 1.
To maintain the screen, it is imperative that you use the Next Screen button. Using the data maintenance, check the transfer of the previously made system settings and the available capacity profile for capacity category M##. Basic data: Plant: 1000 Work center number: M-## Work center category: A-## Work center description: Assembly-## Capacity data: Capacity category 001 and M## Scheduling data: Capacity category 001 as a scheduling basis Default values: Control key PP01 a)
Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Create. Use the Next Screen button to call up all the detail screens. Double-click the capacity category in the capacity header and choose Avail. cap. profile.
Task 7: Optional In your company, there are work centers that must be in use seven days of the week. Maintain a calendar that permits a week with seven workdays. Your company also has a company vacation each year from December 20th to January 06th. 1.
Create a factory calendar with the ID K# (for groups 1-9 and as of group 10 the ID 10-30 for groups 10-30). Use the public holiday calendar for Baden-Württemberg. a)
SPRO → SAP NetWeaver → General Settings → Maintain Calendar Select the Factory Calendar subobject, choose Change and then choose Create. Select all seven days as workdays. Continued on next page
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2.
Specify the company vacation as a special rule. a)
SPRO → SAP NetWeaver → General Settings → Maintain Calendar Choose Special Rules and Create.
3.
Assign the calendar to capacity category 001. a)
Logistics → Production → Master Data → Work Centers → Work Center → Change Switch to the capacity header for capacity category 001
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Create a work center category and capacity category • Define the default available capacity with a reference available capacity • Describe how intervals and shift sequences are used in capacity planning
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Lesson: Creating Formulas
Lesson: Creating Formulas Lesson Overview This lesson gives an understanding of how formulas are created.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Create a formula for the capacity leveling of volumes, for example a washing bay.
Business Example You want to perform capacity leveling for a capacity with volume utilization. For this, you need to create a new formula with formula parameters and an associated standard value key.
Figure 103: Determining Capacity Requirements
To determine capacity requirements, capacity requirements records are written for every operation and every capacity. Every capacity requirements record contains the dates and the requirements for setup, processing, and teardown.
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Figure 104: Formulas
Every capacity at the work center can be assigned formulas for calculating the capacity requirements. The formulas can be used for various functions (capacity requirements, scheduling, costing, and production resources/tools). "Generate" controls the immediate code generation for the formula. If no generation takes place in formula maintenance then it is generated at the time of execution, which can be a drain on system performance. A formula can consist of a maximum of 3 lines with the following operation: +, -, *, /, SIN, COS, DIV, MOD, SQRT, EXP, LOG.
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Figure 105: Link Between Formulas and Standard Values
The formula definitions for calculating the execution time and the capacity requirements are stored in the work center. The formulas themselves are stored in Customizing as formula definitions. The parameters used in the formula definitions must first be maintained in Customizing as formula parameters. The standard value key defines the entry fields for the standard values in the operation. The standard values entered in these fields are used to calculate the execution time and the capacity requirements.
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Figure 106: Set Up Formula for Volume Requirements
The parameters are distinguished by their origin. You can define the following origins for a parameter in Customizing: •
• • • • •
•
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General operation value: The parameter is assigned a field directly from the general operation data. The value of this field goes into the formula. Typical fields are lot size, base quantity, number of splits and the amount of capacity. Work center constant: The parameter is assigned a fixed value in the work center and this value goes into the formula. Standard value: A standard value is assigned to the parameter that goes into the formula. The assignment is by means of the standard value key. User field of operation: The parameter is assigned a user-specific data field for the operation. Value from PRT assignment: This may involve both the quantity and the usage value of the PRT. PRT constant: The parameter is assigned a fixed value in the master record of the production resource/tool. Can only be used for formulas within the PRT administration. General formula constant: This parameter can be assigned a value that is then copied to the application.
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Figure 107: Examples of Other Formulas
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Lesson: Creating Formulas
Exercise 19: Creating Formulas Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Create a formula to determine the capacity requirement of a washing bay • Test the formula that you created
Business Example You want to perform capacity leveling for a capacity with volume utilization. For this, you need to create a new formula with formula parameters and an associated standard value key.
Task: Create a formula for determining the capacity requirement of a washing bay. 1.
2.
3.
Define a new formula parameter P1_## with the origin “standard value of operation” and maintain the attributes as follows: Keyword:
Vol./Part (in both rows)
Dimension :
Volume
Standard value unit :
m3
Define a new formula parameter P2_## with the origin “work center constant” and maintain the attributes as follows: Keyword:
Vol. wash (in both rows)
Dimension :
Volume
Standard value :
1
Standard value unit :
m3
Define the formula for the requirement of the parts that are to be washed in the washing bay with the GR## key. The formula is: Vol./Part/Base quantity * Operation quantity/Vol. wash * Machine time
4.
Define a standard value key VS## and assign this key to work center M-##. Continued on next page
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5.
Maintain the formula constant with parameter P2_## and the value 50m3.
6.
Enter formula GR## for processing in capacity category 001 and use Test Formula and the following values to test the formula: Operation quantity = 10; Base quantity = 1; Machine time = 60 mins; Volumes of the base quantity = 10m³.
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Lesson: Creating Formulas
Solution 19: Creating Formulas Task: Create a formula for determining the capacity requirement of a washing bay. 1.
Define a new formula parameter P1_## with the origin “standard value of operation” and maintain the attributes as follows: Keyword:
Vol./Part (in both rows)
Dimension :
Volume
Standard value unit :
m3
a) 2.
Define a new formula parameter P2_## with the origin “work center constant” and maintain the attributes as follows: Keyword:
Vol. wash (in both rows)
Dimension :
Volume
Standard value :
1
Standard value unit :
m3
a) 3.
SPRO – Work Center → Capacity Planning → Work Center Formulas → Define Formula Parameters for Work Centers
SPRO – Work Center → Capacity Planning → Work Center Formulas → Define Formula Parameters for Work Centers
Define the formula for the requirement of the parts that are to be washed in the washing bay with the GR## key. The formula is: Vol./Part/Base quantity * Operation quantity/Vol. wash * Machine time a)
SPRO – Work Center → Capacity Planning → Work Center Formulas → Define Formulas for Work Centers The formula for the GR## formula key is: P1_## / SAP_08 * SAP_09 / P2_## * SAP_02
Continued on next page
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Define a standard value key VS## and assign this key to work center M-##. a)
SPRO - Work Center → General Data → Standard Value → Define Standard Value Key Parameters for the standard value key: SAP_02 and P1_## Enter the standard value key in work center M-## on the Basic Data tab page.
5.
Maintain the formula constant with parameter P2_## and the value 50m3. a)
6.
Work center and the capacity overview. Choose Formula Constant
Enter formula GR## for processing in capacity category 001 and use Test Formula and the following values to test the formula: Operation quantity = 10; Base quantity = 1; Machine time = 60 mins; Volumes of the base quantity = 10m³. a)
Work center and the capacity overview. Choose Test Formula Enter the values and choose Calculate. RESULT: 2 hours.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Create a formula for the capacity leveling of volumes, for example a washing bay.
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form) Lesson Overview This lesson discusses the system settings required for using the capacity planning table with work center hierarchies.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Create an overall profile for capacity leveling with the capacity planning table so that you can level bottleneck capacities
Business Example To level bottleneck capacities, you want to call up the capacity planning table with a hierarchy work center. You create a new overall profile for this.
Figure 108: Capacity Leveling - Overall Profile
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form)
When you call up capacity leveling and capacity evaluations, all the necessary settings are taken from an overall profile. This overall profile can be a profile provided by SAP or a user-specific profile. For capacity leveling, the relevant overall profiles are tied to a menu option but you can access them using the appropriate USER parameters. If an overall profile is called up for a capacity planning table, the profile for the tabular capacity planning table and the period profile is not required. If an overall profile is called up for a tabular capacity planning table, the profile for the capacity planning table is not required.
Figure 109: Structure of a Profile (Leveling)
The overall profile contains subprofiles with settings that fit together; there are seven profiles for the capacity planning table and eight profiles for the tabular capacity planning table. The control profile specifies the type of presentation and the layout of the data. There are also indicators for restricted planning, setup time optimization, and actions to start jobs. In the options profile, you can specify the work center hierarchy name for cumulating available capacity and capacity requirements and you can specify the distribution key. The strategy profile specifies the planning strategies for dispatching and rescheduling.
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The time profile specifies the period for which capacity requirements are read from the database. The list profile specifies the layout of the standard overview and the detailed capacity list. The selection profile specifies which sets are used to determine the layout of the various selection screens. When calling up the overall profile for leveling with the capacity planning table, the system also uses the profile for the capacity planning table. When calling up the overall profile for leveling with the tabular capacity planning table, the system also uses the profile for the tabular capacity planning table and the period profile. The period profile specifies the periods in which the loads appear. For example, a period can represent a day, a week, several days, or several weeks.
Figure 110: Control Profile
The control profile contains settings such as the type of presentation, whether the tabular or graphical version of the planning table is to be used or only lists. With the presentation you define the type of display for your data within capacity leveling. You can choose between the two types of planning table and the list display.
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You use the layout type to specify whether the capacity requirements or available capacity data is to be displayed per period or continuously through time. The display per period is used for data for example in the capacity planning table (tabular form) or in the planning tableau. The data is displayed continuously through time on the capacity planning table. If the indicator change mode is set, then capacity leveling is called up in change mode and you can make changes to objects. In this case, objects can be locked when they are read from the database by setting the Lock All indicator. If the indicator is not set, then capacity leveling is called up in change mode. The Always Sort indicator specifies that the lines in the planning table are sorted after every change (for example, once a requirement has been deallocated). If the indicator is not set, new lines in the planning table are added to the end of existing ones.
Figure 111: Evaluation Profile
The evaluation profile contains settings that are important for evaluating data.
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Figure 112: Selection Profile
In the selection profile you make specifications for selecting, filtering, and grouping data relevant to capacity leveling. The object- and filter sets define the selection screens for accessing capacity leveling from the capacity planning menu. An object set contains criteria and default values such as fixed values according to which objects relevant to capacity leveling are selected. A filter set contains criteria and default values such as fixed values according to which the requirements belonging to the objects selected can be filtered. The requirements grouping specifies according to which point of view the requirements are to be grouped on the relevant planning table. They control the correct selection of capacity requirements for the charts in the planning table. The selection key allows you to choose objects for a multiple selection. In the selection profile, you can also specify which requirements for which scheduling level (detailed-, production rate- or rough-cut scheduling) and for which order category are to be read by the system. You can then process these capacity requirements. Hint: Sets in capacity planning must be imported from the delivery client into the work client using report SETIMP00.
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Figure 113: Requirements Grouping
The requirements grouping specifies which objects are to appear on the planning table. A requirements grouping generally consists of several groups that are maintained as a multidimension set. Every group contains a particular combination (production orders, planned orders) of capacity requirements as well as optional filter criteria. These groups are assigned to the individual charts in the planning table. Typical charts in the planning table include work centers, orders (pool), order (dispatched).
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Figure 114: Strategy Profile
The strategy profile is part of the overall profile for capacity planning and is used to define the parameters for an individual planning strategy. Different strategy profiles reflect different planning goals. You can switch the profile interactively during planning. If the Cancel dispatching due to error indicator is set, dispatching is cancelled if errors are detected when the system checks the operation dates and order dates. The system always writes a log.
Figure 115: Time Profile
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The time profile defines the following time periods: the database read period, the evaluation period, and the planning period. All the time periods are defined relative to the current planning date (positive / negative). Various types of date entry are possible. All requirements lying wholly or partly in the database read period are read. The evaluation period must be less than or equal to the database read period, and it reflects the range of capacity requirements records (KBED records) that have been read. The planning period represents the range of the KBED records to be dispatched and must be less than or equal to the evaluation period. The date for dispatching the backlog is a date on which all currently backlogged capacity requirements records are dispatched. This provides an overview of the operations that have been delayed. It is used for the tabular capacity planning table, that is for the display per period.
Figure 116: List Profile
The list profile defines the layout of the detailed capacity list. In the overall list profile, you can also specify subprofiles for defining the fields to be displayed on the detailed capacity list. These subprofiles also define the sequence in which the fields are to be displayed. The profile for the capacity requirements list defines how the fields in the list are displayed.
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You can specify a profile for the standard overview and for the detailed capacity list, and define one of these as the default option.
Figure 117: Check Report / Overall Profile
The overall profile can be a standard profile provided by SAP or a user-specific profile and consists of a series of individual profiles. Since Customizing for the overall profile for capacity leveling is very complex, errors frequently arise when changes are made or new profiles created. The check report is a simple tool that analyzes an overall profile for errors. The check report lists the profiles in the overall profile on the screen. The system highlights profiles with errors. When you double-click a selected profile, the profile hierarchy is exploded and possible errors displayed. The long text for the error message specifies how to remove the error and refers to the relevant transactions in Customizing. You can call up the check report with transaction CMCH or in the capacity planning table by selecting Settings → Display Profiles.
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Figure 118: Period Profile
The period profile contains settings that are relevant to period-related displays. These settings include the period type and the period duration. You use these two entries to specify the period split for your evaluation period. You can also specify a planning calendar in the period profile. This allows you to define period lengths flexibly. The period profile is only necessary if you want to see the capacity planning table with a display per period. In this case, you must have defined a display per period in the control profile.
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Figure 119: Profile for the Tabular Planning Table
The profile for the tabular capacity planning table specifies, for example, which requirements are displayed in which charts, as well as the type of requirements to be displayed. The layout of the planning table will be dealt with in the next unit. You specify what type of requirements you want to display using the “Reqmts to be displayed” key. You can choose between requirements generated by dispatched operations and those generated by operations not yet dispatched. You can use the Width indicator to control the width of the screen displayed on the tabular capacity planning table. You can use the Formula rem. av. cap. field to specify the formula used to calculate the remaining available capacity. You can use the Dispatch time indicator to specify the time at which the operation is dispatched when it is rescheduled on the capacity planning table. The system proposes this time when an operation is rescheduled.
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Exercise 20: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form) Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Create a work center hierarchy and use it for capacity leveling • Create an overall profile for capacity leveling • Use the check report to analyze errors
Business Example For precise capacity planning in a production area, you want to create a work center hierarchy and call a planning table to level the capacity requirements and the available capacity of the lower-level work centers.
Task: Create your own overall profile with the name Z##SFCG... to call up the planning table for your hierarchy.
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1.
To create the Z##SFCG002 overall profile, use the SAPSFCG002 overall profile as a copy template.
2.
Change the selection profile copied by setting the indicator for the hierarchy explosion.
3.
Make changes to the evaluation profile that you have copied so that you can read the current capacity requirements and the current available capacity of your R-E work center hierarchy.
4.
Set the indicator for the wide screen in the planning table profile for the tabular capacity planning table.
5.
Call up the planning table with the overall profile you created for the R-EH work center and look at the result.
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Solution 20: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Tabular Form) Task: Create your own overall profile with the name Z##SFCG... to call up the planning table for your hierarchy. 1.
To create the Z##SFCG002 overall profile, use the SAPSFCG002 overall profile as a copy template. a)
SPRO → Production → Capacity Requirements Planning → Capacity Leveling and Extended Evaluation → Define Overall Profile Click Check and then Copy overall profile to copy the SAPSFCG002 overall profile.
2.
Change the selection profile copied by setting the indicator for the hierarchy explosion. a)
3.
Call the Z##SFCD002 overall profile. Double-click the profile number of the selection profile.
Make changes to the evaluation profile that you have copied so that you can read the current capacity requirements and the current available capacity of your R-E work center hierarchy. a)
Double-click the profile number of the Evaluation Profile Plant 1000, hierarchy name R-E Select the Cumulation of reqmts and Dyn. Cumul. of avail. capacity indicators.
4.
Set the indicator for the wide screen in the planning table profile for the tabular capacity planning table. a)
5.
Double-click the profile number of the tabular capacity planning table.
Call up the planning table with the overall profile you created for the R-EH work center and look at the result. a)
Logistics → Production → Capacity Planning → Leveling → Variable → Online Overall profile Z##SFCG002 Work center R-E
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Create an overall profile for capacity leveling with the capacity planning table so that you can level bottleneck capacities
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form) Lesson Overview This lesson uses the check report for troubleshooting and for changing an overall profile.
Lesson Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: •
Use the check report to change an overall profile for capacity leveling for the capacity planning table.
Business Example You want to be able to view additional information on the capacity planning table. You therefore add two columns to the table section.
Figure 120: Profile for the Capacity Planning Table
The profile for the capacity planning table contains settings that define the structure and layout of the capacity planning table. The capacity planning table should be used with the standard setting provided.
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Every chart is a horizontal window within the planning table. If some of the charts do not fit onto the screen, you can scroll along the chart sequence. Every chart contains a table section and a diagram section. You can define the display for the material stock curve in the section entitled Histogram. For example, you can define the color and width of the line for the chart to be displayed.
Figure 121: Layout of the Planning Table
The correct requirements grouping must be maintained for every chart, otherwise the capacity requirements are not displayed in that chart. A sort-layout key must be defined for every order type, planned order, and production order. These sort-layout keys are grouped together as a sort key.
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Figure 122: Standard Overall Profiles for Capacity Leveling
The values in brackets specify the relevant user parameters where you can predefine a profile.
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form)
Exercise 21: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form) Exercise Objectives After completing this exercise, you will be able to: • Analyze and maintain the overall profile with the check report
Business Example To obtain more information on the capacity planning table for the requirements, expand the display in the table section using the check report.
Task 1: You called the capacity planning table with the ZPPSFCG011 overall profile for the R-M## work center and discovered that the headers are missing in the three charts. You also want to add additional information to the table section. 1.
Copy an overall profile with the name Z##SFCG011 using the check report and the ZPPSFCG011 overall profile.
2.
In your overall profile, use the check report to navigate to the sort layout key for your charts and define the sort layout key for the production orders as follows: Field contents
Column width
Material
8
Order
10
System status
5
Reduction ind.
3
Work center
6
Operation
4
Latest start date
10
Hint: A resource contains several sort layout keys. If, for example, you change a sort layout key for the production orders, you must also change the sort layout key for the planned orders. Continued on next page
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Maintain the headers for the sort layout keys.
Task 2: You have called the capacity planning table with the overall profile Z##SFCG011 and you want to deallocate a scheduled planned order again. The planning table responds with an error. Use the check report to analyze the error. 1.
Call up the planning table with the Z##SFCG011 overall profile for your R-P## work center and simulate scheduling of the planned order.
2.
Now deallocate the planned order and look at the deallocated capacity requirements. What has happened? Use the help for the status bar.
3.
Use the check report to analyze the errors and then correct the overall profile.
Task 3: On the capacity planning table, you want to prohibit scheduling using drag and drop. 1.
For the Z##SFCG011 overall profile, do not permit drag and drop from chart 3 to chart 1.
Task 4: In the diagram section of the planning table, you want to display the order number instead of the material description. 1.
Change capacity planning table profile Z##SFC011 accordingly. Hint: If you want to change the graphical object contents, change the SAP standard setting. The graphical object type SAP000 can therefore only be changed by the fastest person doing the exercises. However, navigate up to this point in Customizing and check the setting.
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form)
Solution 21: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form) Task 1: You called the capacity planning table with the ZPPSFCG011 overall profile for the R-M## work center and discovered that the headers are missing in the three charts. You also want to add additional information to the table section. 1.
Copy an overall profile with the name Z##SFCG011 using the check report and the ZPPSFCG011 overall profile. a)
Leveling → Variable → Online SPRO – Capacity Leveling → Define Overall Profile Click Check and then Copy overall profile to copy the ZPPSFCG011 overall profile.
2.
In your overall profile, use the check report to navigate to the sort layout key for your charts and define the sort layout key for the production orders as follows:
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Field contents
Column width
Material
8
Order
10
System status
5
Reduction ind.
3
Work center
6
Operation
4
Latest start date
10
Hint: A resource contains several sort layout keys. If, for example, you change a sort layout key for the production orders, you must also change the sort layout key for the planned orders. a)
Leveling → Variable → Online Call the Z##SFCG011 overall profile. Click Check. Drill down the menu tree Capacity Planning Table + Chart Number 03 + Grouping. You can change this by double-clicking the Sort layout key. Choose Maintain field selection. Only select the fields that you want to see in the table part of the chart. Choose Sequence/Header Here, use the Select and Move buttons and the output length to define the column sequence.
3.
Maintain the headers for the sort layout keys. a)
Leveling → Variable → Online You can use Header default to copy or change the header default. Hint: Also generate the column header for the remaining charts.
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form)
Task 2: You have called the capacity planning table with the overall profile Z##SFCG011 and you want to deallocate a scheduled planned order again. The planning table responds with an error. Use the check report to analyze the error. 1.
Call up the planning table with the Z##SFCG011 overall profile for your R-P## work center and simulate scheduling of the planned order. a)
2.
Leveling → Variable → Online with overall profile Z##SFCG011. Select the planned order and click Schedule.
Now deallocate the planned order and look at the deallocated capacity requirements. What has happened? Use the help for the status bar. a)
Select the planned order and choose Deallocate. The planned order is given internal status “not dispatched” and therefore group 5 is missing from the third chart in the grouping.
3.
Use the check report to analyze the errors and then correct the overall profile. a)
Call the Z##SFCG011 overall profile in Customizing. Click Check. Drill down the menu tree Capacity Planning Table + Chart Number 03 + Grouping. Group 05 is missing, but it cannot be assigned using this menu path. Therefore, in Customizing, go back to the subprofile for the overall profile and, in each case, use the Multiple selection function to navigate to the Definition of layouts view via the capacity planning table profile. Select your layout and navigate via Definition of charts for chart 3; grouping names and Definition of groupings to the list of Sort layout keys. For Group 5, use New Entries to add the Z##SFCAS12 sort layout key.
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Task 3: On the capacity planning table, you want to prohibit scheduling using drag and drop. 1.
For the Z##SFCG011 overall profile, do not permit drag and drop from chart 3 to chart 1. a)
SPRO – Capacity Leveling → Define Overall Profile Call the Z##SFCG011 overall profile. Click Check. Drill down the menu tree Capacity planning table and double-click the Chart sequence. On the Chart sequence – Overview, select the row and double-click drag and drop in the Explorer. Delete the entry for source chart 3 after target chart 1.
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Lesson: Creating an Overall Profile (Capacity Leveling in Graphic Form)
Task 4: In the diagram section of the planning table, you want to display the order number instead of the material description. 1.
Change capacity planning table profile Z##SFC011 accordingly. Hint: If you want to change the graphical object contents, change the SAP standard setting. The graphical object type SAP000 can therefore only be changed by the fastest person doing the exercises. However, navigate up to this point in Customizing and check the setting. a)
SPRO – Capacity Leveling → Define Overall Profile Call the Z##SFCG011 overall profile. Click Check. Drill down the Capacity planning table menu tree and double-click the Graphical object type selection. On the Graphical object type selection, select the row and double-click Decision steps in the Explorer. To enter the Decision steps view, double-click row Estat = 1 and Rf = 99. To switch to the graphical object type in the Graphical Object Type – Overview view, click Multiple selection. In the Graphical Object Type – Overview view, select the row with graphical object type SAP000 and double-click Fields in the Explorer. In the first row with the structure for the order header, swap the MATXT entry with the AUFNR entry in the field name column.
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Lesson Summary You should now be able to: • Use the check report to change an overall profile for capacity leveling for the capacity planning table.
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Unit Summary
Unit Summary You should now be able to: • Create a detailed capacity list. • Create an overall profile for capacity evaluation using a modified selection profile and list profile • Create a work center category and capacity category • Define the default available capacity with a reference available capacity • Describe how intervals and shift sequences are used in capacity planning • Create a formula for the capacity leveling of volumes, for example a washing bay. • Create an overall profile for capacity leveling with the capacity planning table so that you can level bottleneck capacities • Use the check report to change an overall profile for capacity leveling for the capacity planning table.
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Course Summary
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Course Summary You should now be able to: • • • • • •
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Use capacity planning within planning Carry out capacity evaluations Generate available capacities Level capacity requirements and available capacities Use the planning tables and the tools in the machine loading planner Make system settings for capacity evaluations, available capacities, and the planning tables
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Appendix 1 This appendix illustrates: • •
Distribution Material stock curves
Figure 123: Distribution By Time (Discrete) I
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Appendix 1:
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Figure 124: Distribution By Time (Discrete) II
For distribution by time, the requirement is scheduled as a percentage to the period determined by the time.
Figure 125: Distribution By Function (Continuous) I
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Appendix 1:
Figure 126: Distribution By Function (Continuous) II
For distribution by function, the percentage requirements are distributed evenly across the periods. The periods affected by a percentage requirement are determined by the previous and current percentage duration.
Figure 127: Material Stock Curves
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Appendix 1:
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For the materials to be produced, you can show and hide a chart with material stock curves on the capacity planning table. These curves are not automatically updated, but an update can be triggered if order data has been changed. The stock receipts are displayed in a daily period split for the material selected. The material is only displayed as a receipt once the last operation in the order has been processed. In Customizing, you can specify the type of stock curve to be displayed (available stock, safety stock, or days' supply). Overall profiles SAPSFCG001 and SAPSFCG004 have this function. Prerequisites in Customizing: • • • •
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In Define profile for capacity planning table, you must specify the axis and curve representation selection. In Define requirements grouping, you must define a grouping with the usage “1” = material stock curve. In Define layout, you must maintain another chart with an appropriate grouping and sorting for the material stock curves. In Define chart sequence, you must maintain a chart position for the other chart and activate Use as histogram.
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Feedback SAP AG has made every effort in the preparation of this course to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the materials. If you have any corrections or suggestions for improvement, please record them in the appropriate place in the course evaluation.
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