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Words

Definition

Science

A study of natural phenomena The systematic study of nature and how it affects us and our environment. The information produced from the study of science. The application of scientific knowledge for the use of mankind. The place where a scientist works. Placed on the labels of dangerous substances to warn us of their danger.

Scientific knowledge Technology Laboratory Hazard warning symbols Scientific Investigation Hypothesis Period of oscillation Physical quantity International system of units (SI Units) Prefix Weight Force of gravity/ Gravitational force Mass Length Parallax error Area Volume Meniscus Water displacement method Cells Protoplasm Unicellular organisms Multicellular organisms Tissue Organ System Organisation Matter Living matter Non-living matter Brownian movement Density Natural resources Soil

A series of steps done systematically to study a problem or an event. A statement that relates the manipulated variable and the responding variable. Time taken for one oscillation A quantity that can be measured A standard set of units Used to express a physical quantity that is either very big or very small The weight of an object is the pull of gravitational force acting on it. The pull of Earth on all objects to its centre. The mass of an object is the amount of matter contained in the object. The quantity of matter in the object. The distance between two points Inaccurate reading of measurement due to inaccurate position of the eye. The surface covering an object The space occupied by an object. The level of a liquid in any measuring tool is curved. To measure the volume of both regular and irregular solids. Small units that make up a living organization A basic unit of organisms which can function on their own. Consists of a nucleus and cytoplasm Organisms that consist of many cells Organisms that consist of many cells. A group of similar cells working together as a unit to perform a specific function. A few different types of tissue grouped together form an organ A group of organs which work together to perform a specific function forms a system All systems in the body work together to produce an independent organism. Anything that has mass and occupies space. All living things including humans. All non-living things such as air, water and soil. The random movement of particles in matter Density of a substance is the mass per unit volume of the substance. Resources that are provided by nature The topmost layer of the Earth’s crust A mixture of sand particles, clay, humus, minerals, water, air, organisms and

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Minerals Fossil fuels Element

Atom Molecules Compound

Mixture Preservation of resources Conservation of resources Atmosphere Respiration

The mechanism of respiration Breathing Combustion The principle of combustion Fuels Carbon fuels Hydrocarbon fuels Air Nicotine Tar Carbon monoxide Energy Working energy Kinetic energy Potential energy Gravitational potential energy Elastic potential

microorganisms. Elements or compounds which occur in the Earht’s crust naturally Formed from partially decayed living things that died millions of years ago. The simplest form of nature. A pure substance that cannot be split up into smaller substances by physical or chemical processes. Only one type of particle The smallest particle in an element Atoms of the same type which combine in some elements. e.g. oxygen, ozone, hydrogen Formed when two or more elements combine chemically in a chemical reaction. Its smallest particles are molecules. e.g. Water Made up of two or more substances which are mixed physically (by stirring, shaking, mixing or dissolving) The act of keeping the resources in their original state. The sustainable use and management of the natural resources to prevent waste, loss or damage of the resources. The layer of air that surrounds the Earth. A process by which our body obtains and uses oxygen to oxidise food for the production of energy. Carbon dioxide and water vapour are released as the byproducts. Involves the breathing in of air (inhalation) and the breathing out of air (exhalation). Involves the exchange of gases between an organism and its environment. A chemical process whereby fuel burning in oxygen gives out heat and light energy. Combustion only takes place in the presence of oxygen, heat, and fuel. Substances which are burnt to produce energy. Contain carbon atoms only e.g. coal, charcoal and firewood Compounds which contain hydrogen and carbon e.g. petrol, kerosene, candles One of the basic needs of life. A drug that acts upon the brain and the nervous system. Damages the cilia of the air passage and blocks the tiny air passages lading to the alveoli. A deadly gas which tends to combine with the haemoglobin in red blood cells, thus reducing the amount of oxygen that the blood can carry. The ability to do work. Measured in Joules (J) The form of energy that involves work being done. The effects of energy changes can be seen. The energy of an object due to its motion. The energy stored by an object due to its position or its condition. The energy stored by all objects above the ground because of their raised position. The energy stored by all elastic substances when stretched or compressed

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CassiaFany © energy Energy of motion Chemical energy Sound energy Heat energy Light energy

Solar energy Electrical energy Nuclear energy Nuclear reaction Nuclear fission Nuclear fusion Solar radiation Law of conservation of energy Renewable energy sources Non-renewable energy sources Conservation of energy Efficient use of energy Heat Temperature Expansion Contraction Conduction

Convection Convection current Radiation Radiant heat

Sea breeze

because of their stretched or compressed condition. A body having mechanical energy possesses both kinetic energy and potential energy. The energy stored in substances such as food and fuels. Produces by vibrating objects. The energy found in hot objects Thermal energy The energy radiated (spread out) by luminous objects (objects that give out light) Radiant energy/ electromagnetic radiation Light energy from the sun. Consists of electric charges, which travel through electrical conductors or wires. The energy stored in the nucleus of an atom Nuclear energy is released when a particle penetrates a larger nucleus and causes it to split into many smaller nuclei. A process in which a particle (neutron) penetrates a heavy nucleus and causes it to split into two or more lighter nuclei with energy stored. A process in which light nuclei fuse or combine together to form a heavier one with energy released. Consists of light energy and heat energy. Energy can be changer from one form to another but it cannot be created or destroyed. Energy sources that cannot be replaces after being used. Energy sources that cannot be replaced after being used. To find out ways in which we can use less energy and not waste energy. Getting the most use of energy with the minimum waste of energy. A form of energy The amount of energy that can flow from a hot body to a cold body. Used to describe how hot a body is. Measures the degree of hotness or coldness of a body. The increase in size of objects when they are hot. The decrease in size when they are cooled. The transfer of heat energy through solids such as metals by direct contact. The transfer and distribution of heat energy from atom to atom within a substance. The transfer of heat by actual movement of the warmed matter (liquid or gas) A flow of fluid caused by a change in density, in which the whole medium moves and carries heat energy with it. The process where hear energy travels through empty space or vacuum. Heat which is transferred by radiation A part of electromagnetic waves, which can travel in vacuum at the speed of light. Is absorbed by all objects and surfaces causing a temperature rise/fall. During the day, both land and sea are heated by the sun. The land gets heated up faster than the sea. When the air above the land surfaces is heated, it expands and rises, being lighter than the surrounding air. To replace the rising

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Land breeze

Conductors Insulators Melting point Freezing Freezing point Evaporate Condensation Boiling Boiling point Sublimation Deposition

air, cooler air is drawn in from the surface of the sea. At night, the land cools faster than the sea. When this happens, the air over the warmer surface of water is heated up and rises, pulling in air from the cooler land surface to replace it. Materials that allow heat to pass through them rapidly. Bad conductors of heat. The temperature at which a solid melts. The change of a substance from liquid to solid. The temperature at which a substance freezes. When a liquid changes to the gaseous state. The change from gaseous form to liquid form. When a liquid is heated to a certain temperature, it changes into gas. The temperature at which a liquid boils. The direct change of substances from the solid state to vapour state. The direct change of substances from the vapour stare to solid state.

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