June 2, 2016 | Author: aisha_mahmood | Category: N/A
PT AU BA BE GP AF CA TI SO SE LA DT CT CY CL SP HO DE ID AB C1 RP EM FU FX CR NR TC Z9 PU PI PA SN BN J9 JI PD PY VL IS PN SU SI BP EP AR DI D2 PG P2 WC SC GA UT J Hasanagas, ND Hasanagas, Nikolaos D. Network Analysis Functionality in Environmental Policy: Combining Abstract Softw are Engineering with Field Empiricism INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS COMMU NICATIONS & CONTROL English Article Environmental Policy; Rural Development; Ambiguity; Network Analysis Software; N etwork Density 3-D MODELING FUNCTIONALITY; DOCUMENTATION; BUILDINGS; SYSTEMS; D ESIGN; GIS An empirical application of abstract network analysis software i s presented in this paper. Environmental policy networks are used as a case stud y. The visualization of the real network hierarchy and activity (formal and info rmal) is feasible only by using special software. A system of "actors" (e.g. pub lic institutions, interest groups, enterprises) interacting with each other and dealing with a particular environmental issue constitutes a policy network, whic h influences the environmental policy functionality. The impacts of policy conte nt ambiguity on network characteristics have been analyzed by using network anal ysis software as an example of combining algorithms with empiricism. Recommendat ions are made to software engineers about possible combination of algorithms wit h statistics and enrichment of the network analysis software with more visual an alytic functions. Stronger familiarization of software engineers with policy ana lysis discourse and of policy analysts with positivism becomes more imperative f or this purpose. On the basis of the quantitative results, environmental policymakers are advised to invest more in trust development than in pressure and to i nstrumentalize more scientific information under conditions of ambiguity. Univ Kavala, Inst Technol Greece, Kavala, Greece Hasanagas, ND (reprint a uthor), Univ Kavala, Inst Technol Greece, Kavala, Greece nikolaos.hasanag
[email protected] Department of Landscape Architecture, Kavala Institute of Techno logy, Drama, Greece; Institute of Forest Policy and Nature Conservation of Goett ingen University (Germany) The research initiative proposed by this paper h as been supported by the Department of Landscape Architecture, Kavala Institute of Technology, Drama, Greece), and by the Institute of Forest Policy and Nature Conservation of Goettingen University (Germany). 34 0 0 CCC PUBL-AGORA UNIV BIHOR PIATA TINERETULUI 8, ORADEA, JUD, BIHOR, 410526, ROMANIA 1841-9836 INT J COMPUT COMMUN Int. J. Comput. Commun. Control DEC 2011 6 4 622 635 14 Automation & Control Sys tems; Computer Science, Information Systems Automation & Control Systems; Co mputer Science 826ID WOS:000295346900004 J Melinte, G; Baia, L; Simon, V; Simon, S Melinte, G.; Baia, L.; Simon, V.; Simon, S. Hydrogen peroxide versus water s ynthesis of bioglass-nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite composites JOURNAL OF MATER IALS SCIENCE English Article TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS; GEL BIOACTIVE GLASSES; SYSTEM; SILICA; DEFECTS; RE LEASE; SURFACE; SODIUM This article reports a comparison of the structural and textural properties of bioglass-hydroxyapatite (HA) composites obtained in the S iO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5) system by sol-gel method, with different amounts of hydrogen peroxide (3% H(2)O(2)) or water (H(2)O). X-ray diffraction, Raman, and FT-IR spe ctroscopy reveal the presence of nanocrystalline HA. Scanning electron microscop y images illustrate that the HA phase is mainly distributed on the glass surface . The results point out that the sintering at 550 degrees C of a sol-gel derived SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5) bioglass leads to a single crystalline phase of HA, and val idate a new processing method for obtaining bioglass-HA composites. Structural a nalyses of the investigated composites indicate the existence of a silicate netw ork built up from Q(3) and Q(2) units. The replacement of water with hydrogen pe roxide has as consequence the increase of depolymerization degree of silica netw ork. Textural properties were investigated with N(2)-adsorption technique. The c
omposites prepared with hydrogen peroxide exhibit a more uniform and narrow meso porous distribution that recommends them for drug uptake and release application s. It was found that the specific surface area and pore volume are clearly influ enced by the H(2)O(2)(H(2)O):TEOS molar ratio. [Melinte, G; Baia, L; Simon, V; Simon, S] Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Phys, Inst Interdisciplinary Res Bionanosci, Cl uj Napoca 400084, Romania Baia, L (reprint author), Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Phys, Inst Interdisciplinary Res Bionanosci, M Kogalniceanu 1, Cluj Napoca 4000 84, Romania
[email protected] Romanian National University Res earch Council-CNCSIS[PNII PCCE-101/2008] This research was accomplished i n the framework of PNII PCCE-101/2008 project granted by the Romanian National U niversity Research Council-CNCSIS. 40 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0022-2461 J MATER SCI J. Mater. Sci. DEC 2011 46 23 7393 7400 10.1007/s10853-011-5700-8 8 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Materials Science 824CS WOS:0002 95179700005 J Brooks, I; Palumbo, G; Hibbard, GD; Wang, ZR; Erb, U Brooks, I.; Palumbo, G.; Hibbard, G. D.; Wang, Zhirui; Erb, U. On the i ntrinsic ductility of electrodeposited nanocrystalline metals JOURNAL OF MATER IALS SCIENCE English Article MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; GRAIN-SIZE; BEHAVIOR; NICKEL; NI; PER MALLOY; STRENGTH; ALLOY While nanocrystalline materials hold promise for structu ral applications in which increased strength is beneficial, their adoption has b een hindered by concerns over the achievable ductility, resulting largely from c onsiderable data scatter in the literature. A statistically significant set of 1 47 electrodeposited nanocrystalline tensile specimens was used to investigate th is topic, and it was found that while necking elongation obeys similar processin g quality and geometrical dependencies as conventional engineering metals, the i ntrinsic ductility as measured by uniform plastic strain was unexpectedly indepe ndent of microstructure over the grain size range of 10-80 nm. This indicates th at the underlying physical processes of grain boundary-mediated damage formation are strain-oriented phenomena that can be defined by a critical plastic strain regardless of the strength of the material as a whole. [Brooks, I; Hibbard, GD; Wang, ZR; Erb, U] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canad a; [Brooks, I; Palumbo, G] Integran Technol Inc, Mississauga, ON L4V 1H7, Canada Brooks, I (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3 E4, Canada
[email protected] Ontario Research Fund; U.S. Department o f Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development[PP-1152] The auth ors gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the Natural Sciences and Engi neering Research Council of Canada, Industry Canada (Technology Partnerships Can ada program), National Research Council (Industrial Research Assistance Program) , Ontario Research Fund, and the U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmen tal Research and Development Program project PP-1152. 48 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0022-2461 J MATER SCI J. Mater. Sci. DEC 2011 46 24 7713 7724 10.1007/s10853-011-5751x 12 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Material s Science 824CC WOS:000295177200009 J Park, JE; Todo, M Park, Joo-Eon; Todo, Mit sugu Compressive mechanical properties and deformation behavior of po rous polymer blends of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) and poly(l-lactic acid) JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE English Article IN-VITRO DEGRADATION; HYDROXYAPATITE SCAFFOLDS; COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS; PORE-SIZE; TISSUE; MORPHOLOGY; FABRICATION; POROSITY; FOAMS; PLLA Porous biodegradable pol ymeric scaffolds are developed by physically blending two different kinds of bio degradable polymers, PCL, and PLLA, for application in tissue engineering. The m ain objective of the development of this material is to control the mechanical p roperties, such as, elastic modulus and strength. The results from mechanical te sting showed that the compressive mechanical properties of PCL/PLLA scaffold can be varied by changing the blend ratio. It also showed that these properties can
be well predicted by the rule of mixture. The primary deformation mechanism of the scaffolds was found to be localized buckling of struts surrounding the pores . Localized ductile failure caused by PCL phase tends to be suppressed with incr easing PLLA content. The immiscibility of PCL and PLLA caused the phase-separati on morphology that strongly affected the macroscopic mechanical properties and t he microscopic deformation behavior. [Todo, M] Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Ins t, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan; [Park, JE] Kyushu Univ, Interdisciplinary Gra d Sch Engn Sci, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan Todo, M (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, 6-1 Kasuga Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan
[email protected] 30 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0022-246 1 J MATER SCI J. Mater. Sci. DEC 2011 46 24 7850 7857 10.1007/s10853-011-5766-3 8 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Materials Science 824CC WOS:0002 95177200024 J Parajuli, N; Williams, GJ Parajuli, Niranj an; Williams, Gavin J. A high-throughput screen for directed evolution of aminocoumarin amide synthetases ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY English Article Directed evolution; Aminocoumari n; High-throughput screening; Natural products DNA GYRASE; PREVENTION; NOVOBIOC IN; GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE; ANTIBIOTICS; OVEREXPRESSION; BIOSYNTHESIS; COLONIZATION ; PURIFICATION; PROMISCUITY The biosynthesis of aminocoumarin antibiotics in volves the action of amide synthetases which construct amide bonds between amino coumarins and various acyl moieties. Libraries of aminocoumarin analogues have b een generated by in vivo fermentation, via feeding known amide synthetase substr ates into producing microbial strains. Critically, such feeding studies rely on the inherent or engineered substrate promiscuity of each amide synthetase. We ha ve initiated a program of directed evolution in order to create mutant amide syn thetases for the synthesis of new nonnatural amino coumarin analogues. We used t he clorobiocin enzyme CloL as a model amide synthetase to design and validate a fluorimetric high-throughput screen, which can be used to report the activity of mutant amide synthetases toward a broad range of coumarin and acyl donor substr ates. Our assay monitors the decrease in fluorescence of aminocoumarins on acyla tion. The utility of the assay was illustrated by screening a library of amide s ynthetase mutants created by error-prone PCR. The substrate specificity of an am ide synthetase was also rapidly probed using this assay, affording several newly identified substrates. It is anticipated that this high-throughput screen will accelerate the creation of amide synthetase mutants with new specificities by di rected evolution. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [Parajuli, N; Wi lliams, GJ] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA Williams , GJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 2 7695 USA
[email protected] 27 0 0 ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE SAN DIEGO 525 B ST, STE 19 00, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA 0003-2697 ANAL BIOCHEM Anal. Biochem. DEC 1 2011 419 1 61 66 10.1016/j.ab.2011.07.037 6 Biochemi cal Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry 827KS WOS:000295428000009 J Bayram, M Bayram, Mustafa Comparis on of unsplit inshell and shelled kernel of the pistachio nuts JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING English Article Pistachio nut; Sphericity; Particle surface area; Particle density; MBayram-1 eq uation MOISTURE-CONTENT; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; AIR-FLOW; VARIETY; RESISTANCE; L. In the present study, unsplit inshell (UIPN) and shelled kernel (SKPN) pistachio nuts (Antep type) were analyzed based on their dimensional properties such as p article density, sphericity, particle volume and surface area, where are importa nt for the engineering applications, designs and calculations. The determination of some physical properties of the pistachio nuts is very difficult due to its ellipsoidal shape. In this study, sphericity (using a new model, MBayram-1 equat ion), particle density (using dimensional method), surface area (using a softwar
e method) and volume (using dimensional method) were determined. The average wei ght, particle volume, particle density, sphericity and surface area of UIPN were determined as 1.0852 +/- 0.134 g, 1278.31 +/- 156.17 mm(3), 0.00882 +/- 0.00128 g/mm(3), 0.00882 +/- 0.00128 and 645.22 +/- 47.83 mm(2), respectively. They wer e 0.427 +/- 0.059 g, 457.09 +/- 73.44 mm(3), 0.000940 +/- 0.000074 g/mm(3), 0.00 825 +/- 0.00119 and 324.13 +/- 33.38 mm(2), respectively for SKPN. (C) 2011 Else vier Ltd. All rights reserved. Gaziantep Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Food Engn, TR-273 10 Gaziantep, Turkey Bayram, M (reprint author), Gaziantep Univ, Fac Engn, De pt Food Engn, TR-27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
[email protected] Gaziante p BAP Thanks to University of Gaziantep BAP for the support. Also, thanks to B LG arge Consultancy, Food and Machinery Co. (www.BLGarge.com) for their engineer ing helps. 21 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0260-877 4 J FOOD ENG J. Food Eng. DEC 2011 107 3-4 374 378 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.07.001 5 Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology Engineering; Food Scienc e & Technology 829FK WOS:000295563800013 J Sozen, S; Guler, M Sozen, S.; Guler, M. Determination of displacement distributions in bolted steel tension elements usi ng digital image techniques OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING English Article Steel connections; Digit al image correlation; Finite element analysis DEFORMATION; FIELDS Digital imaging methods have found a great interest in various engineering fields to stu dy stress-deformation characteristics of materials. Recent enhancements in visua l instrumentation with the availability of cost-effective hardware and software products make the digital imaging techniques a viable tool to replace direct str ain or displacement measurement methods in engineering applications. In this stu dy, deformation characteristics of bolted steel connections are investigated by calculating in-plane displacement distributions using digital image correlation method (DIC). Validation of the method is presented by comparing the strains mea sured in standard tension specimens using electrical resistance strain gages and the DIC method. Finite element analysis of the connection specimen is also perf ormed to compare the in-plane displacement distributions calculated from both me thods. Results from the validation process indicate that the strains obtained fr om the DIC method compare well with the results of strain gages. The findings al so indicate that the displacement distributions calculated from the finite eleme nt method may differ from those of the DIC method in terms of distribution patte rn, and the location and magnitude of the extreme values of displacements. It is suggested that the proposed method can be used to determine the in-plane displa cement distributions for the bolted connections, hence to evaluate their deforma tion characteristics under loading. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Sozen, S] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Vocat Higher Sch, TR-60200 Tokat, Turkey; [Guler, M] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Civil Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey Sozen, S (reprint author), Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Vocat Higher Sch, TR-60200 Tokat, Turkey
[email protected] 24 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB , OXON, ENGLAND 0143-8166 OPT LASER ENG Opt. Lasers Eng. DEC 2011 49 12 1428 1435 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2011.07.002 8 Optics Optics 823UA WOS:000295150800008 J Mousavi, SM; Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R; Hashemi, H; Mojtahedi, SMH Mousavi, S. M.; Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R.; Hashemi, H.; Mojtahedi, S. M. H. A novel approach based on non-parametric resampling with interval analysis for l arge engineering project risks SAFETY SCIENCE English Article Risk assessment; Large engineering projects; Non-parametric bootstrap; Interval analysis BOOTSTRAP METHODS; CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS; MANAGEMENT; JACKKNIFE; IDENTIFICATION; STATISTICS; FRAMEWORK; SYSTEM The issue of risk assessment has been always the matter of debate in large engineering projects (LEPs). The asse ssment is an indispensable means for the projects to accomplish their objectives . It is firmly accepted that LEPs are particularly subject to more potential ris
ks than other business activities because of their complexity, uncertainty and a mbiguity. These characteristics are often conducive to small sample sizes of the gathered risk data in practice. Consequently, traditional statistical technique s cannot contribute significantly to analyze the risk data. The non-parametric r esampling technique, namely bootstrap, has been used subsequently to solve numer ous complicated problems and evaluate the accuracy of a parameter estimator in s ituations where commonly used techniques are not valid. It is also more natural, applicable and simple to estimate the risk data in an interval form under decis ion-making process by considering the concept of safety by professional experts in LEPs. Hence, in this paper, a new approach based on bootstrap technique with the interval analysis is presented in the context of the project risk assessment . The proposed approach not only plays an important role in reducing risk data a nd saving time but also is more economical. A real case study is conducted to il lustrate the applicability of the approach. Finally, the comparison results indi cate that the proposed approach outperforms the traditional technique in terms o f the accuracy and efficiency. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Mousavi, SM; Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R] Univ Tehran, Dept Ind Engn, Coll Engn, Teh ran, Iran; [Hashemi, H] Zanjan Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Fac Engn, Zanjan, Iran; [M ojtahedi, SMH] Aryana Petro Tavan Co, Planning Manager, Tehran, Iran; [Mojtahedi , SMH] Islamic Azad Univ, Sch Ind Engn, S Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Mousavi, SM (reprint author), Univ Tehran, Dept Ind Engn, Coll Engn, POB 11155-4563, Teh ran, Iran
[email protected];
[email protected] 43 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0925-7535 SAFETY SCI Saf. Sci . DEC 2011 49 10 1340 1348 10.1016/j.ssci.2011.05.004 9 Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science 824FW WOS:000295188800006 J Chung, BN; Palukaitis, P Chung, Bong Nam; Palukaitis, Peter Resistance to multiple viruses in transgenic tob acco expressing fused, tandem repeat, virus-derived double-stranded RNAs VIRUS GENES English Article Transgenic resistance; Potato virus Y; Potato leafroll virus; Potato virus A; To bacco rattle virus; Potato mop-top virus; RNA silencing COAT PROTEIN GENE; POTAT O-LEAFROLL-VIRUS; MOP-TOP-VIRUS; CUCUMBER-MOSAIC-VIRUS; CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEIN; M EDIATED RESISTANCE; NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA; ARTIFICIAL MICRORNAS; RUSSET-BURBANK; LONG-DISTANCE Transgenic tobacco plants expressing fused, tandem, inverted-rep eat, double-stranded RNAs derived either from the three viruses [potato virus Y (PVY), potato virus A (PVA), and potato leafroll virus (PLRV)] or the five virus es [PVY, PVA, PLRV as well as tobacco rattle virus (TRV), and potato mop-top vir us (PMTV)] were generated in this study to examine whether resistance could be a chieved against these three viruses or five viruses, respectively, in the same p lant. The transgenic lines were engineered to produce 600- or 1000-bp inverted h airpin transcripts with an intron, in two orientations each, which were processe d to silencing-inducing RNAs (siRNAs). Fewer lines were regenerated from the tra nsformants with either 1000-bp inverted hairpin transcripts, or a sense-intron-a ntisense orientation versus antisense-intron-sense orientation. Resistances to P VA and two strains of PVY (-O and -N) were achieved in plants from most of lines examined, as well as resistance to co-infection by a mixture of PVY-O and PVA, applied to the plants by either rub inoculation or using aphids. This was regard less of the orientation of the inserted sequences for the 600-bp insert lines, b ut only for one orientation of the 1000-bp insert lines. The lines containing th e 1000-bp inserts also showed resistance to infection by TRV inoculated by rub i noculation and PMTV inoculated by grafting. However, all the lines showed only l ow-to-moderate (15-43%) resistance to infection by PLRV transmitted by aphids. T he resistances to the various viruses correlated with the levels of accumulation of siRNAs, indicating that the multiple resistances were achieved by RNA silenc ing. [Palukaitis, P] Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Seoul 139774, South Ko rea; [Palukaitis, P] Invergowrie, James Hutton Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland; [ Chung, BN] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Hort & Herbal Sci, Suwon 440310, South Korea
Palukaitis, P (reprint author), Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Hort Sci, 621 Hwarangno, Seoul 139774, South Korea
[email protected] Korean Rural Development Agency; Seoul Women's University The authors thank Brian Fenton, Stuart M ac-Farlane, and Graham Cowan of the James Hutton Institute for providing materia ls, aphids, transmission facilities, advice and/or training. The authors also th ank Jari Valkonen of the University of Helsinki and Lilian Jarvekulg of the Tall inn University of Technology as well as the Plant Virus GenBank, Seoul Women's U niversity, for providing materials. This study was supported in part by a grant for an International Cooperative Research Project from the Korean Rural Developm ent Agency. PP was supported by a special grant from the Seoul Women's Universit y in 2010. 53 0 0 SPRINGER DORDRECHT VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS 0920-8569 VIRUS GENES Virus Genes DEC 2011 43 3 454 464 10.1007/s11262-011-0655-z 11 Genetics & Heredity; Virology Genetics & Heredity; Virology 822YJ WOS:0002 95086200018 J Hashmi, JA; Zafar, Y; Arshad, M; Mansoor, S; Asad, S Hashmi, Jamil A.; Zafar, Yusuf; Arshad, Muhammad; Mansoor, Shahid; Asad, Shaheen Engineering cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for resistance to cotton leaf curl di sease using viral truncated AC1 DNA sequences (vol 42, pg 286, 2011) VIRUS GE NES English Correction [Hashmi, JA; Zafar, Y; Arshad, M; Mansoor, S; Asad, S] Natl Inst Biotechnol & Ge net Engn NIBGE, Agr Biotechnol Div, Faisalabad, Pakistan Zafar, Y (reprin t author), Natl Inst Biotechnol & Genet Engn NIBGE, Agr Biotechnol Div, POB 577, Jhang Rd, Faisalabad, Pakistan
[email protected];
[email protected] 1 0 0 SPRINGER DORDRECHT VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS 0920-8569 VIRUS GENES Virus Ge nes DEC 2011 43 3 476 476 10.1007/s11262-011-0606-8 1 Genetics & Heredity; Vir ology Genetics & Heredity; Virology 822YJ WOS:000295086200021 J Novalija, I; Mladenic, D; Bradesko, L Novalija , Inna; Mladenic, Dunja; Bradesko, Luka OntoPlus: Text-driven ontology e xtension using ontology content, structure and co-occurrence information KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS English Article Knowledge engineering methodologies; Ontology extension; Large-scale ontology; T ext mining; Semantic technologies This paper addresses the process of semi-automatic text-driven ontology extension using ontology content, struct ure and co-occurrence information. A novel OntoPlus methodology is proposed for semi-automatic ontology extension based on text mining methods. It allows for th e effective extension of the large ontologies, providing a ranked list of potent ially relevant concepts and relationships given a new concept (e.g., glossary te rm) to be inserted in the ontology. A number of experiments are conducted, evalu ating measures for ranking correspondence between existing ontology concepts and new domain concepts suggested for the ontology extension. Measures for ranking are based on incorporating ontology content, structure and co-occurrence informa tion. The experiments are performed using a well known Cyc ontology and textual material from two domains - finances and, fisheries & aquaculture. Our experimen ts show that the best results are achieved by combining content, structure and c o-occurrence information. Furthermore, ontology content and structure seem to be more important than co-occurrence for our data in the financial domain. At the same time, ontology content and co-occurrence seem to have higher importance for our fisheries & aquaculture domain. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Novalija, I; Mladenic, D; Bradesko, L] Jozef Stefan Inst, Artificial Intelligen ce Lab, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia Novalija, I (reprint author), Jozef Stef an Inst, Artificial Intelligence Lab, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
[email protected] Slovenian Research Agency; EC[IST-NoE-216886, IST-2007-2 15040] This work was supported by the Slovenian Research Agency and the IST Pro gramme of the EC under PASCAL2 (IST-NoE-216886) and ACTIVE (IST-2007-215040). 41 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0950-7051 KNOWL-BASED SYST
Knowledge-Based Syst. DEC 2011 24 8 1261 1276 10.1016/j.knosys.2011.06.002 16 Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence Computer Science 825BB WOS:000295244800015 J Brnic, J; Turkalj, G; Canadija, M; Lanc, D Brnic, J.; Turkalj, G.; Canadija, M.; Lanc, D. AISI 316Ti (1.4571) stee l-Mechanical, creep and fracture properties versus temperature JOURNAL OF CONST RUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH English Article Material properties; Short-time creep behavior; Charpy impact energy; Fracture t oughness calculation; Low and elevated temperatures; 1.4571 steel AUSTENIT IC STAINLESS-STEELS; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; TOUGHNESS In this paper some useful, experimentally obtained, results regarding material p roperties of austenitic stainless steel 1.4571 are presented. Tests were perform ed at low and elevated temperatures. During uniaxial tests, mechanical propertie s such as ultimate tensile strength, 0.2% offset yield strength and short-time c reep behaviour were determined. Charpy impact energy was also determined using t he Charpy impact machine. Engineering stress-strain diagrams are shown at low an d elevated temperatures, whereas creep curves for selected stress levels are pre sented at selected temperatures. Therefore, experimentally obtained data may be of importance for structure designers dealing with design of structures made of similar material and operating under similar environmental conditions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Brnic, J; Turkalj, G; Canadija, M; Lanc , D] Univ Rijeka, Dept Engn Mech, Rijeka, Croatia Brnic, J (reprint author ), Univ Rijeka, Dept Engn Mech, Vukovarska 58, Rijeka, Croatia
[email protected] Ministry of Science, Education and Sport of the Republic of Croatia The rese arch presented in this paper was carried out within the scientific research fina ncially supported by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sport of the Republi c of Croatia. Also, the authors would like to thank the participants of the Mate rial Testing Laboratory of Department of Materials at the Faculty of Engineering Rijeka for their help in determining the testing material chemical composition. 22 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0143-974X J CONSTR STEEL RES J. Constr. Steel. Res. DEC 2011 67 12 1948 1952 10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.06.011 5 Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil Construction & Building Technology; Engineering 820VJ WOS:000294933900016 J Viciana-Abad, R; Reyes-Lecuona, A; Poyade, M; Escolano, J Viciana-Abad, Raquel; Reyes-Lecuona, Arcadio; Poyade, Matthieu; Escolano, Jose The role of mismatches in the sensory feedback provided to indicate selection wi thin a virtual environment MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS English Article Co-location; Delay; Feed back; Mismatches; Performance; Presence; Selection ENGINEERING DESIGN; VISI ON; RECALIBRATION; ADAPTATION; PERCEPTION; DELAY; HAND; VENTRILOQUISM; SIMULTANE ITY; PERFORMANCE It is generally understood that virtual reality simulati ons have a high computational cost. Hence, they rarely can reduce completely all the incoherence within the cross-modal sensory outputs provided. The main resea rch approaches to date have consisted in technically reducing possible mismatche s, however minimal research has been conducted so as to analyse their influence on human capabilities. Thus, the objective of this study is to provide further i nsights to the designers of virtual reality about the negative influence of simu lation lags and interesting design implications. To clearly show this, we have i nvestigated the importance of coherent sensory feedback by incorporating time de lays and spatial misalignments in the feedback provided by the simulation as a r esponse to participantA ' s actions to mimic computationally expensive environme nts. We have also evaluated these misalignments considering two typical interact ion setups. In particular, the sensory mismatches influence has been assessed in human factors, such as the sense of presence, task performance and delay percep tion. Our experimental results indicate that the closer the interaction conditio ns are to real configurations the higher the sensory requirements are regarding accuracy. The implications of this study offer the designer guidelines to priori
tise the reduction of those mismatches in the sensory cues provided depending on the simulations goals. [Viciana-Abad, R; Escolano, J] Univ Jaen, Dept Telecommu n Engn, Jaen, Spain; [Reyes-Lecuona, A; Poyade, M] Univ Malaga, Dept Elect Techn ol, E-29071 Malaga, Spain Viciana-Abad, R (reprint author), Univ Jaen, Dep t Telecommun Engn, Jaen, Spain
[email protected] DIANA group (University of Malaga); University of Jaen[UJA2009/12/12] The authors wish to thank the pa rticipants in the study for their collaboration and comments. This work has been partially supported by DIANA group (University of Malaga) and by the University of Jaen through project UJA2009/12/12. 50 0 0 SPRINGER DORDRECHT VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS 1380-750 1 MULTIMED TOOLS APPL Multimed. Tools Appl. DEC 2011 55 3 353 378 10.1007/s11042-0 10-0551-x 26 Computer Science, Information Systems; C omputer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engin eering, Electrical & Electronic Computer Science; Engineering 815CV WOS:0002 94504600001 J Fooladi, M; Golbakhshi, H; Mohammadi, M; Soleimani, A Fooladi, M.; Golbakhshi, H.; Mohammadi, M.; Soleimani, A. An impro ved meshless method for analyzing the time dependent problems in solid mechanics ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS English Article Meshless methods; Radial basis function; LRPIM; Time dependent problems; Dynamic al loads; Taylor Series GALERKIN MLPG METHOD; VIBRATION ANALYSES; PLATES In this paper, the local radial point interpolation method (LRPIM) is developed for the investigation of time dependent problems in solid mechanics. By a new in tegration scheme considered for the obtained meshless weak form, integrands are approximated up to the second order of the Taylor series and the integrals are e valuated on some points, which are located inside the local quadrature domains, called integration points. In order to show the efficiency of the suggested meth od, some time dependent mechanical problems are considered for the engineering s tructures such as beams and plates, which are subjected to dynamical loads, the deflections and stresses are evaluated. Finally, it has been shown that using th e proposed method greatly reduces the number of integration points without affec ting the accuracy of the results. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Fooladi, M] Shahid Bahonar Univ Kerman, Dept Mech Engn, Kerman, Iran; [Golbakhs hi, H; Soleimani, A] Univ Jiroft, Dept Agr Engn, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran; [Mohammad i, M] Islamic Azad Univ, Kerman Branch, Young Researchers Club, Kerman, Iran Fooladi, M (reprint author), Shahid Bahonar Univ Kerman, Dept Mech Engn, Kerman, Iran
[email protected] 23 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0955-7997 ENG ANAL BOUND ELEM Eng. Ana l. Bound. Elem. DEC 2011 35 12 1297 1302 10.1016/j.enganabound.2011.05.012 6 Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications Engineering; Mathematics 816EW WOS:000294582500007 J Xie, Y; Sun, D; Tse, HYG; Liu, C; Cheng, SH Xie, Yu; Sun, Dong; Tse, Ho Yan Gloria; Liu, Chong; Cheng, Shuk Han Force Sensing and Manipulation Strategy in Robot-Assisted Microinjection on Zebr afish Embryos IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS English Article Force sensing; manipulation strategy; robot-assisted microinjection; survival ra te; zebrafish embryo CELL INJECTION; DRUG DISCOVERY; SYSTEM; FEEDBACK Robot-assisted microinjection has attracted considerable attention from both eng ineering and biological communities, due to its advantages of high precision and throughput. This paper addresses two issues in the development of enable techno logies for robot-assisted microinjection. One is the microforce measurement duri ng the embryo-injection process. A new injection force-sensing scheme based on a simply supported beam structure is reported. The model combining mechanoelectri cal transduction of the beam and the polyvinylidene fluoride sensing material is theoretically investigated. The other issue to be addressed is the manipulation strategy to mimic human-injection operation, which is based on force sensing an d control techniques. A set of microinjection experiments on zebrafish embryos i
s performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed robot-assisted mani pulation methodology. Experimental results show that satisfied survival rate of the injected cells can be obtained, which is comparable to manual operation by h uman expert. [Sun, D; Liu, C] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mfg Engn & Engn Manag ement, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China; [Tse, HYG; Cheng, SH] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Biol & Chem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Xie, Y (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, Dept Mech & Elect Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]; chongliu @cityu.edu.hk;
[email protected] Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China[CityU 120308]; University Grants Council[S EG CityU 01]; City University of Hong Kong[9360128] This work was supported in part by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative R egion, China, under Grant Project CityU 120308, in part by University Grants Cou ncil Special Equipment under Grant SEG CityU 01, and in part by the City Univers ity of Hong Kong under Grant 9360128. 26 0 0 IEEE-INS T ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAWAY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWA Y, NJ 08855-4141 USA 1083-4435 IEEE-ASME T MECH IEEE-ASM E Trans. Mechatron. DEC 2011 16 6 1002 1010 10.1109/TMECH.2010.2068055 9 Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrica l & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical Automation & Control Systems; Engineerin g 819TX WOS:000294854700003 J Bassi, L; Secchi, C; Bonfe, M; Fantuzzi, C Bassi, Luca; Secchi, Cristian; Bonfe, Marcello; Fantuzzi, Cesare A SysML-Based Methodology for Manufacturing Machinery Modeling and Design IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS English Article Computer-aided engineering (CAE); object-oriented (OO); System Modeling Language (SysML); Unified Modeling Language (UML) MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS; INTEGRATION ; QUOTIENT; UML This paper describes a modeling methodology to support the desig n process of complex systems. The main challenge in modern industrial applicatio ns is the sheer volume of data involved in the design process. While using highlevel abstraction is necessary to manage this data and analyze the system "as a whole," designers need also to retain all the low-level information of the syste m, in order to be able to perform optimizations and modifications at later times . The solution proposed here is to use a hierarchy of models, each one describin g the system at different levels of abstraction, and arrange them in such a way that it is possible to easily "map" each level onto the others. The topmost laye r of the system description is expressed in System Modeling Language, a generalpurpose modeling language based on Unified Modeling Language. [Bassi, L] Univ Bologna, Dept Elect Comp Sci & Syst, I-40100 Bologna, Italy; [Secchi, C; Fantuzz i, C] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Sci & Methods Engn, I-42100 Reggio Emili a, Italy; [Bonfe, M] Univ Ferrara, Fac Engn, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy Bassi, L (reprint author), European Patent Off, NL-2288 EE The Hague, Netherlands
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]; cesare.fant
[email protected] 33 0 0 IEEE-INST ELECTR ICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAWAY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08 855-4141 USA 1083-4435 IEEE-ASME T MECH IEEE-ASME Trans. Mechatron. DEC 2011 16 6 1049 1062 10.1109/TMECH.2010.2073480 14 Automati on & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Elec tronic; Engineering, Mechanical Automation & Control Systems; Engineering 819TX WOS:000294854700008 J Liu, PS; Du, HY Liu, P. S.; Du, H. Y. Modeling failure modes of isotropic three-dimensional reticulated porous metal f oams under several typical loads MATERIALS & DESIGN English Article Metal foams; Mechanical properti es; Feature modeling MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM; SIZE Three dimensiona l reticulated porous metal foams are widely used engineering materials. A failur e model with the simplified structure of these porous materials has been establi shed, and the failure modes have been analyzed for the corresponding porous comp
onents under several typical loads, which include torsion, shearing and bending. The failure modes cover the tensile fracture, the shearing and the buckling of the strut, which may lead to the final destruction of the whole porous structure . The mathematical relationships, which characterize different failure modes, ha ve been derived for the strut failure resulting from loading for these porous co mponents under the above loading conditions. The results also show that the fail ure mode is related with the material species for these materials under the abov e loads. The tensile fracture of the strut will occur for the porous body with m etallic materials in most cases, and the shearing fracture of the strut may occu r for that in a relatively little cases. Moreover, the elastic buckling, the ela stic-plastic buckling and the edge yielding may also occur on the strut of porou s bodies when certain conditions are met. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. [Liu, PS; Du, HY] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Nucl Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Beam Technol & Mat Modificat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China; [Du, HY] Jil in Elect Power Co Ltd, Res Inst, Changchun 130021, Peoples R China Liu, PS (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Nucl Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Beam Technol & Mat Modificat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China Liu996@2 63.net Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[2009SD-26]; Test ing Foundation of Beijing Normal University[C10] This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2009SD-26) a nd the Testing Foundation of Beijing Normal University (No. C10), and these supp orts are both appreciated. 22 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DESIGN Mater. Des. DEC 2011 32 10 4786 4793 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06 .029 8 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Material s Science 813NF WOS:000294373500015 J Ahmadinia, E; Zargar, M; Karim, MR; Abdelaziz, M; Shafigh, P Ahmadinia, Esmaeil; Zargar, Majid; Karim, Mohamed Rehan; Abdelaziz, Mahrez; Shaf igh, Payam Using waste plastic bottles as additive for stone mastic asphalt MATERIALS & DESIGN English Article Polymers: thermoplastics; Mechanical; Environmental performance MODIFIED FLEXIBL E PAVEMENTS; AGGREGATE REPLACEMENT; MATRIX ASPHALT; TIRE RUBBER; MIXTURES; PERFO RMANCE; CONCRETE; DESIGN Currently, polymer modified asphalt mixture is a relatively costly mixture for paving roads. One way to reduce the cost of such constructions and rendering them more convenient is by using inexpensive polymer s, i.e. waste polymers. The main purpose of this research is to determine the ef fect of incorporating waste plastic bottles (Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)) o n the engineering properties of stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixture. The volumetr ic and mechanical properties of asphalt mixes that include various percentages o f PET (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) were calculated and assessed with laboratory tests. The appropriate amount of PET was found to be 6% by weight of bitumen. Th e outcomes were statistically analysed and the determination of the significance at certain confidence limits was performed with the two factor variance analysi s (ANOVA). Moreover, some studies conducted on polyethylene modified asphalt mix ture have also been taken into consideration in this paper. The results show tha t the addition of PET has a significant positive effect on the properties of SMA and it can promote the re-use of waste material in industry in an environmental ly friendly and economical way. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Ahmadinia, E; Zargar, M; Karim, MR; Abdelaziz, M; Shafigh, P] Univ Malaya, Fac Engn, Ctr Transportat Res, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia Ahmadinia, E (reprint au thor), Univ Malaya, Fac Engn, Ctr Transportat Res, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
[email protected] 39 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DESIGN Mater. Des. DEC 2011 32 10 4844 4849 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06.016 6 Materials Science, Multi disciplinary Materials Science 813NF WOS:000294373500023 J Zander, J; Sandstrom, R Zander, Johan; Sandstrom , Rolf Merit exponents and control area diagrams in materials selection
MATERIALS & DESIGN English Article Material selection charts; Performance indices MATERIALS OPTIMIZATION; MECHANIC AL DESIGN Merit indices play a fundamental role in materials selection, si nce they enable ranking of materials. However, the conventional formulation of m erit indices is associated with severe limitations. They are dependent on the ex plicit solution of the variables in the equations for the constraints from the d esign criteria. Furthermore, it is not always easy to determine which the contro lling merit index is. To enable the ranking of materials in more general design cases, merit exponents are introduced as generalisations of the merit indices. P rocedures are presented for how to compute the merit exponents numerically witho ut having to solve equations algebraically. Merit exponents (and indices) are on ly valid in a certain range of property values. To simplify the identification o f the controlling merit exponent, it is suggested that so called control area di agrams are used. These diagrams consist of a number of domains, each showing the active constraints and the controlling merit exponent. It is shown that the mer it exponents play a crucial role when the control area diagram (CAD) is set up. The principles in the paper are developed for mechanically loaded components and are illustrated for engineering beams with two or three geometric variables. (C ) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Zander, J; Sandstrom, R] KTH, S -10044 Stockholm, Sweden Sandstrom, R (reprint author), KTH, Brinellv 23, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
[email protected] Foundation for Strategic Researc h (SSF); Jernkontoret; Outokumpu; Sandvik; SAPA; SSAB The MATOP programme is f inanced by the Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF), Jernkontoret, Outokumpu, Sandvik, SAPA and SSAB, which is gratefully acknowledged. 21 1 1 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KI DLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DESIGN Mater. Des. DEC 2011 32 10 4850 4856 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06.013 7 Material s Science, Multidisciplinary Materials Science 813NF WOS:000294373500 024 J Zander, J; Sandstrom, R Zander, Johan; Sandstrom , Rolf Materials selection for a cooling plate using control area diagr ams MATERIALS & DESIGN English Article Aluminium alloys; Material selection charts; Performance indices MATERIAL S OPTIMIZATION; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; ENGINEERING DESIGN; INDEXES Merit in dices are used to rank materials and are of fundamental importance in materials selection. Traditionally, merit indices have only been available for elementary design cases. In the present paper merit indices are generalised to cooling syst ems where heat flow and strength are design criteria in a materials optimisation framework. A cooling tube and a cooling plate are considered. A new concept, me rit exponent is used that is related to the merit indices. A definition of the m erit exponent is given also for cases with many design variables. In each design case a number of merit exponents are involved. It is a non-trivial task to iden tify which they are and when each of them is applicable. For this purpose contro l area diagrams (CAD) are used. A CAD is a diagram with the controlling properti es on the axes, and areas where one or more constraints are active. For the cool ing systems the controlling properties are heat conductivity and strength. The a ctive constraints define the relevant merit exponent. The constraints involve th e controlling properties and geometrical variables. Principles are established f or how to set up the CAD and to derive the merit exponents. (C) 2011 Elsevier Lt d. All rights reserved. [Zander, J; Sandstrom, R] Royal Inst Technol, Mat Sci & Engn & Brinell Ctr, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden Sandstrom, R (reprint author), R oyal Inst Technol, Mat Sci & Engn & Brinell Ctr, Brinellv 23, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
[email protected] Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF); Jernkontoret; O utokumpu; Sandvik; SAPA; SSAB The MATOP programme is financed by the Foundatio n for Strategic Research (SSF), Jernkontoret, Outokumpu, Sandvik, SAPA and SSAB, which is gratefully acknowledged. We also want to thank Claudi. Martin-Callizo from SAPA technology for valuable discussions. 28 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DESIGN Mater. Des.
DEC 2011 32 10 4866 4873 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06.008 8 Materials Science, Multi disciplinary Materials Science 813NF WOS:000294373500026 J Jurczyk, MU; Jurczyk, K; Miklaszewski, A; Jurczyk, M Jurczyk, M. U.; Jurczyk, K.; Miklaszewski, A.; Jurczyk, M. Nanostru ctured titanium-4555 Bioglass scaffold composites for medical applications MATERIALS & DESIGN English Article Nano-materials; Mechanical alloying; Microstructure; X-ray analysis HYDROXYA PATITE NANOCOMPOSITES; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; OSTEOBLAST ADHESION; SURFACE-ROU GHNESS; NANOPHASE METALS; POROUS TI; IMPLANTS; BIOMATERIALS; FABRICATION; TI6AL4 V Titanium-10 wt.% 4555 Bioglass scaffold nanocomposites were synthesized by the combination of mechanical alloying and by a "space-holder" sintering proc ess. The porous structure and corrosion properties were investigated. In vitro b iocompatibility of these materials was evaluated and compared with a conventiona l microcrystalline titanium, where normal human osteoblast (NHOst) cells from Ca mbrex (CC-2538) were cultured on the disks of the materials and cell growth was examined. The morphology of the cell cultures obtained on Ti-10 wt.% 45S5 Biogla ss nanocomposite was similar to those obtained on the microcrystalline titanium. On the other hand, on porous scaffold, the cells adhered with their whole surfa ce to the insert penetrating the porous structure, while on the polished surface , more spherical cells were observed with a smaller surface of adhesion. The pre sent study has demonstrated that titanium-10 wt.% 4555 Bioglass scaffold nanocom posite is a promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, [Miklaszewski, A; Jurczyk, M] Poznan Tech Univ, Inst Mat Sci & Engn, PL-60695 Poznan, Poland; [Jurczyk, MU] Karol Marcinkowski U niv Med Sci, Div Mothers & Childs Hlth, PL-60535 Poznan, Poland; [Jurczyk, K] Ka rol Marcinkowski Univ Med Sci, Dept Conservat Dent & Periodontol, PL-60812 Pozna n, Poland Jurczyk, M (reprint author), Poznan Tech Univ, Inst Mat Sci & En gn, M Sklodowska Curie Sq 5, PL-60695 Poznan, Poland
[email protected] oznan.pl Polish Ministry of Education and Science[N N507 295039] The part ial financial support of the Polish Ministry of Education and Science under the Contract No. N N507 295039 is gratefully acknowledged. 34 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON , OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DESIGN Mater. D es. DEC 2011 32 10 4882 4889 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06.005 8 Materials Science, Multi disciplinary Materials Science 813NF WOS:000294373500028 J Jahan, A; Ismail, MY; Shuib, S; Norfazidah, D; Edwards, KL Jahan, Ali; Ismail, Md Yusof; Shuib, S.; Norfazidah, Dayangku; Edwards, K. L. An aggregation technique for optimal decision-making in materials selection MATERIALS & DESIGN English Article Selection of materials; Weighting and ranking factors; Performance indices ENGINEERING DESIGN; OUTRANKING METHODS; BIPOLAR PLATES; VIKOR METHOD; CRITERIA; MODEL Materials selection is an onerous but very important activity in the des ign process. An inappropriate choice of material(s) can adversely affect the pro ductivity and profitability and hence reputation of a manufacturing organization . The complexity of materials selection makes multi-criteria analysis an invalua ble tool in the engineering design process. However, the application of various multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods can yield different results, espec ially when alternatives lead to similar performance. Therefore, an aggregation t echnique is proposed in this paper for optimal decision-making. In this approach , ranking orders obtained by various MCDM methods are used as the input of the s uggested procedure and the outputs are aggregation rankings, which help designer s and engineers to reach a consensus on materials selection for a specific appli cation. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the application of this procedure and its effectiveness in obtaining optimal materials selection. (C) 20 11 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Jahan, A] Islamic Azad Univ, Semnan Bra nch, Fac Engn, Semnan, Iran; [Ismail, MY; Shuib, S; Norfazidah, D] Univ Malaysia Pahang, Dept Mfg Engn, Pahang, Malaysia; [Edwards, KL] Aston Univ, Sch Engn & A ppl Sci, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England Jahan, A (reprint author), Islam
ic Azad Univ, Semnan Branch, Fac Engn, Semnan, Iran
[email protected] 42 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DE SIGN Mater. Des. DEC 2011 32 10 4918 4924 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.05.050 7 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Materials Science 813NF WOS:0002 94373500032 J Dhanapal, A; Boopathy, SR; Balasubramanian, V Dhanapal, A.; Boopathy, S. Rajendra; Balasubramanian, V. Developi ng an empirical relationship to predict the corrosion rate of friction stir weld ed AZ61A magnesium alloy under salt fog environment MATERIALS & DESIGN English Article CHLORIDE-ION CON CENTRATION Magnesium (Mg) alloys shows the lowest density among other engin eering metallic materials. As a consequence, this light alloy has a promising fu ture. However, these alloys have great affinity for oxygen and other chemical ox idizing agents. The limitation of low corrosion resistance restricts their pract ical applications. Extruded Mg alloy plates of 6 mm thick of AZ61A grade were bu tt welded using friction stir welding (FSW) process. Corrosion behavior of the w elds was evaluated by conducting salt fog test in NaCl solution at different chl oride ion concentrations, pH value and spraying time. Also an attempt was made t o develop an empirical relationship to predict the corrosion rate of friction st ir welded AZ61A magnesium alloy. Three factors and a central composite design we re used to minimize the number of experimental conditions. Response surface meth od was used to develop their relationship. The developed relationship can be eff ectively used to predict the corrosion rate of friction stir weld AZ61A magnesiu m alloy at 95% confidence level. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Dhanapal, A] Sri Ramanujar Engn Coll, Dept Mech Engn, Madras 600048, Tamil Nadu , India; [Boopathy, SR] Anna Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Madras 600025, Tam il Nadu, India; [Balasubramanian, V] Annamalai Univ, Dept Mfg Engn, Ctr Mat Join ing & Res CEMAJOR, Chidambaram 608002, Tamil Nadu, India Dhanapal, A (rep rint author), Sri Ramanujar Engn Coll, Dept Mech Engn, Madras 600048, Tamil Nadu , India
[email protected];
[email protected]; balasubramanian.v.2784 @annamalaiuniversity.ac.in 19 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DESIGN Mater. Des. DEC 2011 32 10 5066 5072 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06.038 7 Materials Science, Multi disciplinary Materials Science 813NF WOS:000294373500055 J Vinodh, S; Jayakrishna, K Vinodh, S.; Jaya krishna, K. Environmental impact minimisation in an automotive compo nent using alternative materials and manufacturing processes MATERIALS & DESI GN English Article MATERIALS SELECTION; LIFE-CYCLE; PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT; ENGINEERING DESIGN; MECHAN ICAL DESIGN Sustainable development is seeking to meet the needs of the pres ent without compromising those of future generations. The need to integrate the principles, values, and practices of sustainable development into all aspects of manufacturing, in order to address the social, economic, cultural and environme ntal problems is felt widely among the industrialized society. Selecting or iden tifying a suitable material or manufacturing processes is one way of achieving s ustainability of a product by reducing its end of life impacts to a possible ext ent. But technological changes are unpredictable and so predicting future possib le environmental impacts are highly difficult. This paper tries to explore the p otential of environmental impact minimisation using alternative materials and al ternative manufacturing processes. A case study has been carried out to in this regard in an Indian automotive component manufacturing organization. The results indicate that change in material has higher impact over the manufacturing proce ss in reducing the environmental impact. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reser ved. [Vinodh, S; Jayakrishna, K] Natl Inst Technol, Dept Prod Engn, Tiruchchi rappalli 620015, Tamil Nadu, India Vinodh, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Te chnol, Dept Prod Engn, Tiruchchirappalli 620015, Tamil Nadu, India vinodh@n
itt.edu Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India[SR/S3/MERC0102/2009] The authors are grateful to Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India for funding towards the implementation of project title d "Development of a model for ensuring sustainable product design in automotive organizations" (Ref No. SR/S3/MERC-0102/2009). This research study forms a part of this chief research project. 33 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0261-3069 MATER DESIGN Mater. Des. DEC 2011 32 10 5082 5090 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06 .025 9 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Material s Science 813NF WOS:000294373500057 J Dogsa, T; Batic, D Dogsa, Tomaz; Batic, Dav id The effectiveness of test-driven development: an industrial case study SOFTWARE QUALITY JOURNAL English Article Test-driven development; Testing and debugging; Testing strategies; Productivity ; Maintainability; Software quality/SQA; Software engineering process SOFTWARE ; QUALITY; CODE Test-driven development (TDD) is a software development practice , where test cases are incrementally written before implementing the production code. This paper presents the results of a multi-case study investigating the ef fectiveness of TDD within an industrial environment. Three comparable medium-siz ed projects were observed during their development cycle. Two projects were driv en without TDD practice, while the third one introduced TDD into the development process. The effectiveness of TDD was expressed in terms of external code quali ty, productivity, and maintainability. Our results indicate that the TDD develop ers produced higher quality code that is easier to maintain, although we did obs erve a reduction in productivity. [Batic, D] Agileon Doo, Div 51, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; [Dogsa, T] Univ Maribor, Fac Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ctr Verif icat & Validat Syst, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia Batic, D (reprint author), Agile on Doo, Div 51, Cesta 14, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
[email protected] 32 0 0 SPRINGER DORDRECHT VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS 0963-9314 SOFTWARE QUAL J Softw. Q ual. J. DEC 2011 19 4 SI 643 661 10.1007/s11219-011-9130-2 19 Computer Science, Softwa re Engineering Computer Science 814RN WOS:000294474900002 J Fucic, A; Fucic, L; Katic, J; Stojkovic, R; Gamulin, M; Seferovic, E Fucic, Aleksandra; Fucic, Lino; Katic, Jelena; Stojkovic, Ranko; Gamulin, Marija ; Seferovic, Enes Radiochemical indoor environment and possible he alth risks in current building technology BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT English Article Indoor radon; Fly ash; R adionuclides; Nanoparticles; Human health; Concrete additive FIRED POWER-PLAN T; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; RADIOLOGICAL SAFETY ASPECTS; LUNG-CANCER; FLY -ASH; NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY; RADON EXHALATION; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; RESIDENTI AL BUILDINGS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES Tremendous work of civil and environment al engineering has been focused on development of sustainable buildings. From ec onomical and ecological viewpoint, this approach is a significant step forward, but the microenvironment created in such living surroundings may present a compl ex radiochemical setting, which could be a threat to the health of its occupants . This paper gives overview about levels of indoor radon, insight in risks relat ed with radioactivity of fly ash and zircon, current application of nanoparticle s and concrete additives in buildings and their possible impact on human health. As construction engineering is current producer of almost 50% of waste encourag ement of incorporation of toxic and radioactive agents in buildings could in fut ure demand redefinition of building construction waste as hazardous and special waste disposals. Collaboration between governmental and non-governmental bodies, manufacturers, scientific institutions, and chartered engineers is needed in or der to find balance between quality of indoor air, and to enable maintaining of high health standards by application of non-toxic or non-carcinogenic building m aterials that meet energy efficiency, building structure stability and security requirements. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Fucic, A; Katic , J] Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; [Fucic, L] Minist Envir
onm Protect Phys Planning & Construct, Zagreb, Croatia; [Stojkovic, R] Rudjer Bo skovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia; [Gamulin, M] Zagreb Univ Hosp, Zagreb, Croatia; [S eferovic, E] CSS Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia Fucic, A (reprint author), Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Ksaverska C 2, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
[email protected] 87 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0360-1323 BUILD ENVIRON Build. Environ. DEC 2011 46 12 2609 2614 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.06.020 6 Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civ il Construction & Building Technology; Engineering 809CT WOS:000294030100 022 J Wang, JH; Wang, CG; Yang, JH; An, CQ Wang, Je ssie Hui; Wang, Chungang; Yang, Jiahai; An, Changqing A study on key s trategies in P2P file sharing systems and ISPs' P2P traffic management PEER-TOPEER NETWORKING AND APPLICATIONS English Article P2P; ISP; Traffic engineering; Network management PERFORMANCE; NETWORK The flourish of P2P systems draws a lot of attention of networking researchers. Some research efforts focus on P2P systems, trying to understand the mechanism o f various implementations and the behavior pattern of P2P users, and then improv e the systems' performance. Others look at the issue from the angle of ISPs, try ing to help ISPs solve various issues brought by P2P applications. In this artic le, we conduct a review study on recent research efforts in these two areas. The first part of this article focuses on several key strategies that have signific ant influence on the performance of P2P systems. In the second part, we review s ome important techniques for ISPs to manage P2P traffic, i.e., blocking, caching and localization, and compare their advantages and disadvantages. [Wang, J H; Wang, CG; Yang, JH; An, CQ] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Natl Lab Informat Sci & T echnol, Network Res Ctr, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China Wang, JH (reprin t author), Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Natl Lab Informat Sci & Technol, Network Res Ctr, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[email protected] 45 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 1936-6442 PEER PEER NETW APPL Peer Peer Netw. Appl. DEC 2011 4 4 410 419 10.1007/s12083-010-0098-7 10 808LL WOS:000293979100005 J Kumar, R; Kalra, P; Prakash, NR Kumar, Rajesh; K alra, Parveen; Prakash, Neelam R. A virtual RV-M1 robot system ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING English Article RV-M1 robot; MATLAB; Simulation; Kinematics; Teachbox Exploring a virt ual model under simulated environments is the best way to learn about a real sys tem. This is particularly true in robotics where it is quite expensive to provid e the system to each individual. The interdisciplinary area of robotics is being studied commonly in various fields like electrical, computer, mechanical engine ering, nanotechnology, etc. A virtual robot system can help one fully understand the controls and working of a robot. The system may also be helpful to design t he path and plan the trajectory of a robot in an industrial environment or other robotics application. Virtual model of RV-M1 robot has been developed in the MA TLAB environment. The virtual system performs forward kinematics and inverse kin ematics in addition to providing a simulation of the robot teachbox. (C) 2011 El sevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Kumar, R] Panjab Univ, Dept Mech Engn, UIET, Chandigarh 160014, India; [Kalra, P] PEC Univ Technol, Dept Prod Engn, Cha ndigarh, India; [Prakash, NR] PEC Univ Technol, Dept Elect & Elect Commun, Chand igarh, India Kumar, R (reprint author), Panjab Univ, Dept Mech Engn, UIET, Ro om 403,Acad Block 2, Chandigarh 160014, India
[email protected] 14 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0736-5845 ROBOT CIM-INT MANUF Robot. Comput.-Integr. Manuf. DEC 2011 27 6 994 1000 10.1016/j.rcim.2011.05.0 03 7 Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications ; Engineering, Manufacturing; Robotics Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics
801JW WOS:000293436000004 J Patino, JMR; Pilosof, AMR Rodriguez Patino , Juan Miguel; Pilosof, Ana M. R. Protein-polysaccharide interacti ons at fluid interfaces FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS English Article Protein; Polysaccharide; Protein-polysaccharide interactions; Fluid interfaces; Air-water interface; Oil-water interface; Food hydrocolloid; Food emulsion; Food foam AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; SURFACE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; XANTHAN GUM INTERAC TIONS; MILK WHEY-PROTEIN; SUGAR-BEET PECTIN; BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; SOY PROTEIN; TH ERMODYNAMIC INCOMPATIBILITY; HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE; EMULSION STABILITY Protein-polysaccharide interactions find many applications in food engineering a nd new food formulations. This review article describes recent research on the e ffect of protein-polysaccharide interactions on the properties of air-water and oil-water interfaces, as affected by their behaviour in the bulk phase. The inte rfacial behaviour of protein-polysaccharide mixtures exhibiting associative (i.e ., net attractive) interactions as well as their performance in food emulsions a nd foams has been the subject of several reviews in the last decade. Much less a ttention has been paid to the interfacial behaviour of protein-polysaccharide mi xtures exhibiting unfavourable interactions. Thus we are concerned here with the interfacial behaviour of both kinds of mixtures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rig hts reserved. [Patino, JMR] Univ Seville, Fac Quim, Dept Ingn Quim, Seville 41 012, Spain; [Pilosof, AMR] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept I nd, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina; [Pilosof, AMR] Consejo Nacl Invest Cien t & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Patino, JMR (reprint author), Un iv Seville, Fac Quim, Dept Ingn Quim, C Prof Garcia Gonzalez 1, Seville 41012, S pain
[email protected];
[email protected] CICYT[AGL2007-60045]; ANPCYT[PIC T545]; Universidad de Buenos Aires[Ubacyt X 175]; CYTED[XI.17, 105PI0274] This research was supported by CICYT through Grant AGL2007-60045 by ANPCYT(PICT5 45) and by Universidad de Buenos Aires (Ubacyt X 175). Also we acknowledge Ibero american projects CYTED XI.17 and 105PI0274. 125 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0268-005X FOOD HYDROCOLLOID Food Hyd rocolloids DEC 2011 25 8 1925 1937 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.02.023 13 Chemistr y, Applied; Food Science & Technology Chemistry; Food Science & Technology 803KN WOS:000293580300015 J Zawilska, E; Brooks, MJ Zawilska, E.; Brooks, M. J. An assessment of the solar resource for Durban, South Africa RENEWABLE ENERGY English Article Solar resource; Radiometry data; Meteorological data; Renewable energy; Durban; South Africa RENEWABLE ENERGY; RADIATION; IRRADIATION; DIFFUSE Renewabl e energy's role as an alternative to fossil-based power is growing in the develo ping world. The city of Durban, South Africa, is an example of a rapidly expandi ng urban center which can benefit from the implementation of solar energy techno logies. This paper presents a year-long data record of the solar flux intensity for the city of Durban (29 degrees 58'N 30 degrees 55'E). Global horizontal irra diance (G(t)), direct normal irradiance (G(DN)), diffuse horizontal irradiance ( G(d)) and daily average clearness index (K(T)) are used. The data were recorded at the Solar Thermal Applications Research Laboratory (STARlab) at Mangosuthu Un iversity of Technology. Ground-based measurements obtained from STARlab are comp ared with data from a variety of sources including NASA's SSE database and the l iterature. The aim of this study is to build a reliable record of the solar reso urce for urban planning, engineering design and effective operation of solar ene rgy systems and applications. Results show that Durban has a considerable solar energy resource, which remains to be exploited. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All right s reserved. [Brooks, MJ] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Mech Engn, Durban, South Af rica; [Zawilska, E] Mangosuthu Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Durban, South Afric a Brooks, MJ (reprint author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Mech Engn, Durban, South Africa
[email protected] 33 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KI DLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0960-1481 RENEW ENERG
Renew. Energy DEC 2011 36 12 3433 3438 10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.023 6 Energy & Fuels Energy & Fuels 801FS WOS:000293424400024 J Classen, A; Boucher, Q; Heymans, P Classen, Andreas; Boucher, Quentin; Heymans, Patrick A text-based approach to feature modelling: Syntax and semantics of TVL SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING English Article Feature models; Code; Mo delling; Language; Syntax; Semantics; Software product lines LANGUAGES In the scientific community, feature models are the de-facto standard for repres enting variability in software product line engineering. This is different from industrial settings where they appear to be used much less frequently. We and ot her authors found that in a number of cases, they lack concision, naturalness an d expressiveness. This is confirmed by industrial experience. When modelling var iability, an efficient tool for making models intuitive and concise are feature attributes. Yet, the semantics of feature models with attributes is not well und erstood and most existing notations do not support them at all. Furthermore, the graphical nature of feature models syntax also appears to be a barrier to indus trial adoption, both psychological and rational. Existing tool support for graph ical feature models is lacking or inadequate, and inferior in many regards to to ol support for text-based formats. To overcome these shortcomings, we designed T VL, a text-based feature modelling language. In terms of expressiveness. TVL sub sumes most existing dialects. The main goal of designing TVL was to provide engi neers with a human-readable language with a rich syntax to make modelling easy a nd models natural, but also with a formal semantics to avoid ambiguity and allow powerful automation. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Classen , A; Boucher, Q; Heymans, P] Univ Namur, PReCISE Res Ctr, B-5000 Namur, Belgium Classen, A (reprint author), Univ Namur, PReCISE Res Ctr, Rue Grandgagnage 21, B -5000 Namur, Belgium
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] dp.ac.be Walloon Region under the ERDF; NAPLES; IAP; Belgian State; Belgi an Science Policy; BNB; FNRS We thank our colleagues for their feedback on th e language design, particularly Ebrahim Abbasi, Arnaud Hubaux, Raphael Michel, G ermain Saval and Pierre-Yves Schobbens. We also thank Paul Faber who implemented most of the TVL Java library and Anthony Cleve for his help with the ASF+SDF im plementation. This work was partially funded by the Walloon Region under the ERD F and the NAPLES project, the IAP Programme, Belgian State, Belgian Science Poli cy under the MoVES project, the BNB and the FNRS. 38 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, N ETHERLANDS 0167-6423 SCI COMPUT PROGRAM Sci. Comput. Pro gram. DEC 1 2011 76 12 SI 1130 1143 10.1016/j.scico.2010.10.005 14 Computer Science, Softwa re Engineering Computer Science 793FX WOS:000292806900005 J Di Cosmo, R; Di Ruscio, D; Pelliccione, P; Pierantonio, A; Zacchiroli, S Di Cosmo, Roberto; Di Ruscio, Davide; Pelliccione, Patrizio; Pierantonio, Alfons o; Zacchiroli, Stefano Supporting software evolution in component-based FOSS systems SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING English Article System's upgrade; FOSS systems; Open source project; Model-driven engineering (M DE); Configuration management FOSS (Free and Open Source Software) sys tems present interesting challenges in system evolution. On one hand, most FOSS systems are based on very fine-grained units of software deployment - called pac kages - which promote system evolution; on the other hand, FOSS systems are amon g the largest software systems known and require sophisticated static and dynami c conditions to be verified, in order to successfully deploy upgrades on users' machines. The slightest error in one of these conditions can turn a routine upgr ade into a system administrator's nightmare. In this paper we introduce a modelbased approach to support the upgrade of FOSS systems. The approach promotes the simulation of upgrades to predict failures before affecting the real system. Bo th fine-grained static aspects (e.g. configuration incoherences) and dynamic asp ects (e.g. the execution of configuration scripts) are taken into account, impro ving over the state of the art of upgrade planners. The effectiveness of the app roach is validated by instantiating the approach to widely-used FOSS distributio
ns. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Di Ruscio, D; Pelliccione, P; P ierantonio, A] Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Informat, I-67100 Laquila, Italy; [Di C osmo, R; Zacchiroli, S] Univ Paris Diderot, PPS, UMR 7126, Paris, France Pelliccione, P (reprint author), Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Informat, I-67100 Laq uila, Italy
[email protected];
[email protected]; patrizio.pellicc
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] European Community[FP7/2007-2013, 214898] This work is partly supported by they Eu ropean Community's 7th Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013), http://www.mancoosi. org MANCOOSI project, grant agreement n. 214898. 35 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, N ETHERLANDS 0167-6423 SCI COMPUT PROGRAM Sci. Comput. Pro gram. DEC 1 2011 76 12 SI 1144 1160 10.1016/j.scico.2010.11.001 17 Computer Science, Softwa re Engineering Computer Science 793FX WOS:000292806900006 J Meyers, B; Vangheluwe, H Meyers, Bart; Va ngheluwe, Hans A framework for evolution of modelling languages SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING English Article Evolution; Modelling languages; Language engineering; Model-driven engineering; Model transformation TRANSFORMATION; TOOL In model-driven engineering, evo lution is inevitable over the course of the complete life cycle of complex softw are-intensive systems and more importantly of entire product families. Not only instance models, but also entire modelling languages are subject to change. This is in particular true for domain-specific languages, whose language constructs are tightly coupled to an application domain. The most popular approach to evolu tion in the modelling domain is a manual process, with tedious and error-prone m igration of artefacts such as instance models as a result. This paper provides a taxonomy for evolution of modelling languages and discusses the different evolu tion scenarios for various kinds of modelling artefacts, such as instance models , meta-models, and transformation models. Subsequently, the consequences of evol ution and the required remedial actions are decomposed into primitive scenarios such that all possible evolutions can be covered exhaustively. These primitives are then used in a high-level framework for the evolution of modelling languages . We suggest that our structured approach enables the design of(semi-)automatic modelling language evolution solutions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserv ed. [Meyers, B; Vangheluwe, H] Univ Antwerp, MSDL, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium; [Vangheluwe, H] McGill Univ, MSDL, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada Vangheluwe, H (r eprint author), Univ Antwerp, MSDL, Middelheimlaan 1, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
[email protected];
[email protected] National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada We would like to thank the reviewers of this paper for their valuable comments. We would also like to thank the organise rs and the participants of the Transformation Tool Contest 2010, Model Migration Case Study for the fruitful discussions on the subject of this paper. Finally, the participants of the 2008-2010 Bellairs Computer Automated Multi-Paradigm mod elling workshops are acknowledged for the stimulating discussions which have ult imately led to this paper. Partial support of this work by a discovery grant of the National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada is grate fully acknowledged. 56 1 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0167-6423 SCI COMPUT PROGRAM Sci. Comput. Program. DEC 1 2011 76 12 SI 1223 1246 10.1016/j.scico.2011.01.002 24 Computer Science, Software Engineering Computer Science 793FX WOS:0002 92806900011 J van der Spek, P; Klusener, S van der Spek, Pi eter; Klusener, Steven Applying a dynamic threshold to improve cluster detection of LSI SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING English Article Feature extraction; Clustering; Reverse engineering; Software architecture; Late nt Semantic Indexing LATENT SEMANTIC ANALYSIS; RECOVERING TRACEABILITY LINKS; IN-SOURCE CODE; INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL; SOFTWARE EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS; TOPICS; TRE E Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is a standard approach for extracting and representing the meaning of words in a large set of documents. Recently it has
been shown that it is also useful for identifying concerns in source code. The t ree cutting strategy plays an important role in obtaining the clusters, which id entify the concerns. In this contribution the authors compare two tree cutting s trategies: the Dynamic Hybrid cut and the commonly used fixed height threshold. Two case studies have been performed on the source code of Philips Healthcare to compare the results using both approaches. While some of the settings are parti cular to the Philips-case, the results show that applying a dynamic threshold, i mplemented by the Dynamic Hybrid cut, is an improvement over the fixed height th reshold in the detection of clusters representing relevant concerns. This makes the approach as a whole more usable in practice. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All righ ts reserved. [van der Spek, P; Klusener, S] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Am sterdam, Netherlands van der Spek, P (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
[email protected];
[email protected] Dutch Mi nistry of Economic Affairs This work has been carried out as a part of the DARWIN project at Philips Healthcare under the responsibilities of the Embedded Systems Institute. This project is partially supported by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs under the BSIK program. 55 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLAN DS 0167-6423 SCI COMPUT PROGRAM Sci. Comput. Program. DEC 1 2011 76 12 SI 1261 1274 10.1016/j.scico.2010.12.004 14 Computer Science, Softwa re Engineering Computer Science 793FX WOS:000292806900013 J Heimdahl, MPE; Taentzer, G Heimdahl, Mats P . E.; Taentzer, Gabriele special issue on selected topics in auto mated software engineering Specification mining and defect detection AUTOMATE D SOFTWARE ENGINEERING English Editorial Material [Heimdahl, MPE] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; [Taentzer, G] Univ Ma rburg, Marburg, Germany Heimdahl, MPE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapo lis, MN 55455 USA
[email protected];
[email protected] 0 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0928-8910 AUTOMAT SOFTW ENG Automat. Softw. Eng. DEC 2011 18 3-4 SI 225 226 10.1007/s10515-011-0087-y 2 Computer Science, Softwa re Engineering Computer Science 789YV WOS:000292556500001 J Thummalapenta, S; Xie, T Thummalapenta, S uresh; Xie, Tao Alattin: mining alternative patterns for defect detectio n AUTOMATED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING English Article Alternative patterns; Static defect detection; Mining software engineering data; Code search engine To improve software quality, static or dynamic d efect-detection tools accept programming rules as input and detect their violati ons in software as defects. As these programming rules are often not well docume nted in practice, previous work developed various approaches that mine programmi ng rules as frequent patterns from program source code. Then these approaches us e static or dynamic defect-detection techniques to detect pattern violations in source code under analysis. However, these existing approaches often produce man y false positives due to various factors. To reduce false positives produced by these mining approaches, we develop a novel approach, called Alattin, that inclu des new mining algorithms and a technique for detecting neglected conditions bas ed on our mining algorithm. Our new mining algorithms mine patterns in four patt ern formats: conjunctive, disjunctive, exclusive-disjunctive, and combinations o f these patterns. We show the benefits and limitations of these four pattern for mats with respect to false positives and false negatives among detected violatio ns by applying those patterns to the problem of detecting neglected conditions. [Thummalapenta, S; Xie, T] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 276 95 USA; [Thummalapenta, S] IBM Res Corp, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Thummala penta, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 276 95 USA
[email protected];
[email protected] NSF[CCF-0725190, CCF-0845272, CN S-0958235, CCF-0915400]; ARO[W911NF-08-1-0443, W911NF-08-1-0105]; NCSU CACC This work is supported in part by NSF grants CCF-0725190, CCF-0845272, CNS-09582 35, and CCF-0915400, ARO grant W911NF-08-1-0443, ARO grant W911NF-08-1-0105 mana
ged by NCSU Secure Open Systems Initiative (SOSI), and an NCSU CACC grant. 29 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0928-8910 AUTOMAT SOFTW ENG Automat. Softw. Eng. DEC 2011 18 3-4 SI 293 323 10.1007/s10515-011-0086-z 31 Computer Science, Softwa re Engineering Computer Science 789YV WOS:000292556500004 J de Mast, J de Mast, Jeroen The tact ical use of constraints and structure in diagnostic problem solving OMEGA-IN TERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE English Article Problem-solving; Artificial intelligence; Decision making/process; Heuristics; L earning MODEL-BASED DIAGNOSIS; CREATIVITY; SYSTEM This paper presents a pr escriptive account of diagnostic problem solving, or diagnosis, in quality and p rocess control. This paper identifies a general strategy, named branch-and-prune , whose manifestations can be found in disciplines such as medical diagnosis, tr oubleshooting of devices, and model-based diagnosis in artificial intelligence. The work aims to offer a clear conceptualization of this strategy, based on the notions of structures for the search space, and constraints to the cause's natur e. The idea is to treat the search space of candidate explanations as a tree str ucture, in which general and high-level causal directions are branched into more specific and detailed explanations. Constraints eliminate all but a few branche s (pruning), which are explored in more detail. We enumerate eight generic struc tures as a basis for branching the search tree. We demonstrate that our conceptu alization in terms of structures and constraints gives a rationale for generally known methods and heuristics in quality engineering and operations management. The paper contributes a unifying conceptual understanding of a class of diagnost ic techniques, and it improves the strategy's operationality by offering generic structures, and a simpler and more flexible account of its working. A descripti on of a real-life quality problem solving effort forms a tangible basis for the discussion. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Univ Amsterdam, Inst Bus iness & Ind Stat, NL-1018 TV Amsterdam, Netherlands de Mast, J (reprint auth or), Univ Amsterdam, Inst Business & Ind Stat, Plantage Muidergracht 12, NL-1018 TV Amsterdam, Netherlands
[email protected] 32 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0305-0483 OMEGA-IN T J MANAGE S Omega-Int. J. Manage. Sci. DEC 2011 39 6 702 709 10.1016/j.omega.2011.02.002 8 Management; Operations Research & Management Science Business & Economics; Op erations Research & Management Science 773FR WOS:000291292900012 J Cherubini, D; Fanni, A; Mereu, A; Frangioni, A; Murgia, C; Scutella, MG; Zuddas, P Cherubini, D.; Fanni, A.; Mereu, A.; Fra ngioni, A.; Murgia, C.; Scutella, M. G.; Zuddas, P. Linear programmi ng models for traffic engineering in 100% survivable networks under combined ISIS/OSPF and MPLS-TE COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH English Article Routing problems; LP models; Robustness DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION; PATHS; FLOWS; MATE This paper concerns the problem of minimizing the maximum link utilization of IP telecommunication networks under the joint use of traditional IGP routing proto cols, such as IS-IS and OSPF, and the more sophisticated MPLS-TE technology. It is shown that the problem of choosing the optimal routing, both under working co nditions and under single link failure scenarios, can be cast as a linear progra m of reasonable size. The proposed model is validated by a computational experim entation performed on synthetic and real networks: the obtained results show tha t the new approach considerably reduces the maximum link utilization of the netw ork with respect to simply optimizing the IGP weights, at the cost of adding a l imited number of label switched paths (LSPs). Optimizing the set of IGP weights within the overall approach further improves performances. The computational tim e needed to solve the models matches well with real-time requirements, and makes it possible to consider network design problems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd All righ ts reserved. [Fanni, A; Mereu, A] Univ Cagliari, DIEE, Cagliari, Italy; [Zudd as, P] Univ Cagliari, DIT, Cagliari, Italy; [Frangioni, A; Scutella, MG] Univ Pi sa, Dipartimento Informat, Pontecorvo 3, Italy; [Murgia, C] Tiscali Italia SpA,
Cagliari, Italy; [Cherubini, D] Tiscali Int Network, Cagliari, Italy Cherubin i, D (reprint author), Alcatel Lucent Bell Labs Ireland, Blanchardstown Ind Pk, Blanchardstown, Ireland
[email protected];
[email protected] ;
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] ipi.it;
[email protected] Tiscali S.p.A of the ICE Lab (Information and Communicat ions Engineering Academy joint Laboratory) This work has been partially sup ported by Tiscali S.p.A within the framework of the ICE Lab (Information and Com munications Engineering Academy joint Laboratory). The authors would like to tha nk Mr. Paolo Susnik and Mr. Giorgio Lembo for supporting the work and the review ers for their valuable comments that helped improve the manuscript. 57 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0305-0548 COMPUT OPER RES Comput. Oper. Res. DEC 2011 38 12 1805 1815 10.1016/j.cor.2011.02.019 11 Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Opera tions Research & Management Science Computer Science; Engineering; Operation s Research & Management Science 768KB WOS:000290932100015 J Yakhno, T; Ekin, E Yakhno, Tatyana; Ekin, E mine Student Conference as a Student Centred Environment for Integrat ing Technical Writings into Computer Engineering Curriculum EGITIM ARASTIRMA LARI-EURASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH English Article Project Based Learning; Student Centered Environment; Technical English; Confere nce Management IMPLEMENTATION Problem Statement: In today's world there are pr essures on universities to ensure that graduates have the capacity to meet the n eeds of employers. One aspect of this is to ensure that students, along with pro fessional skills, possess personal skills such as communication, teamwork, and p resentation skills. At the same time, many faculty members note that at the begi nning of education freshmen students have a low level of self-confidence, lack o f communication skills, and teamwork experience. The introductory part of the Co mputer Engineering curriculum contains one or two courses which can improve stud ents' communication skills. These courses are Technical Writings or Technical En glish. Usually these courses are given by English language instructors in a trad itional way and communication skills are not in practical use on an introductory level. Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to develop a new approach for integrating Technical English courses into computer engineering curriculum. Such integration has to increase students' involvement into project design (team wor k) from the very beginning of education, increase motivation to study technical English, improve language knowledge, and increase students' self-confidence and communication skills. Method: As a research method we have applied the Project-B ased Learning approach for the Technical English course. The project we suggeste d to freshman students is a Student Conference, which they have to organize and host by themselves. During the project, every student has to play three differen t roles: to participate in organizing and hosting the conference, to write and p resent a research paper, and to review submitted research papers. These roles su pport the students to improve team working, project management, research, and wr itten and oral communication skills. Dealing with topics from the popular subjec ts of computer engineering area, the Student Conference bridges the gap between engineering courses and technical writing. Six different committees were formed by the students: Advisory Board, Program Committee, Conference Chairs, Organizat ion Committee, Publishing Group, and the Technical Support Group. During the sem ester, the members of the Advisory Board gave lectures on project/conference man agement, research methods, plagiarism, and presentation techniques as well as on advanced English grammar. At the end of the project, a one day conference was h osted by students where they presented their posters and released conference pro ceedings. Findings and Results: As a project, the Student Conference has allowed Computer Engineering students to be involved in a real life project. The studen ts engaged in activities that develop and foster the use of learning strategies such as goal setting, planning, self-evaluation, confidence, and risk-taking. Th e language knowledge of students has been increased, and they were introduced to technical writing methods. However, by this project, technical writings became
a tool for knowledge of a topic of choice rather than the focus of study. Conclu sions and Recommendations: Because this project was by nature multidimensional, it lends itself well to evaluate multiple outcomes. Within our framework we have included three sources of assessment: instructors, peers, and students. All of them have shown the increasing level of satisfaction among students and instruct ors. This approach can be used for integrating social elective courses into engi neering curricula on all levels of university education. [Yakhno, T] Izmi r Univ, Dept Comp Engn, Izmir, Turkey; [Ekin, E] Isik Univ, Dept Comp Engn, Izmi r, Turkey Yakhno, T (reprint author), Izmir Univ, Dept Comp Engn, Izmir, T urkey
[email protected];
[email protected] 17 0 0 ANI YAYINCILIK BAKANLIKLAR KIZILIRMAK SOK NO 10-A, BAKANLIKLAR, ANKARA 00000, TURKEY 1302-597X EGIT ARAST Egit. Arast. WIN 2011 11 42 259 272 14 Education & Educational Research Education & Educational Research 767SB WOS:000290875200016 J Eslaminejad, MB; Bagheri, F; Zandi, M; Nejati, E; Zomorodian, E Eslaminejad, Mohamadreza Baghaban; Bagheri, Fatemeh; Zandi, Mojgan; Nejati, Elha m; Zomorodian, Elham Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Bone Differentiation on Composite Scaffolds of PLLA and Nano Hydroxyapatite wit h Different Morphologies YAKHTEH English Article Hydroxyapatite; Scaffold; Mesenchymal Stem Cell; Osteogenesis; Cell Proliferatio n IN-VITRO; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; ENGINEERING BONE; EXPRESSION; TISSUES; R AT; BIOMATERIALS; FABRICATION; CHALLENGES; PROTEIN Objective: Nowadays, bon e constructs elaborated according to tissue engineering principles are being reg arded as an ideal choice for the reconstruction of segmental bone defects. In th is study, proliferation and bone differentiation of marrow-derived mesenchymal s tem cells (MSCs) were compared in different composite scaffolds containing varyi ng morphologies of nano hydroxyapatite (nHAP). Materials and Methods: Needle nHA P/PLLA (poly (L-Iactide acid)), spherical nHAP/PLLA and rod nHAP/PLLA scaffolds were prepared and 3D cultures of passaged-3 rat MSCs were established using the scaffolds. The loading of the cells onto the scaffold internal spaces was confir med with microscopy and their proliferation was determined by MTT assay. To comp are the osteogenic differentiation of the cells on the scaffold surfaces, osteog enic 3D cultures were established and kept for 21 days. At the end of this perio d culture mineralization and relative bone-related gene expression were quantifi ed using the alizarin red quantification assay and semi quantitative RT-PCR anal ysis respectively. ANOVA was used to compare the data. Results: According to the MU assays, cells adhered to all the studied scaffold surfaces tended to prolife rate. In this respect the microenvironment provided by the needle nHAP/PLLA appe ared much better than that of either the spherical or rod nHAP/PLLA scaffolds (P 93%). We assessed the assembler for bo th microbeads (with diameter of 50 mu m and 100 mu m) and microgels of different sizes and shapes (e.g., cubes, lock-and-key shapes, tetris, saw) in microdrople ts (with volume of 10 mu L 20 mu L, 40 mu L, 80 mu L). The microgels were assemb led in seconds in a non-invasive manner. These results indicate that the develop ed acoustic approach could become an enabling biotechnology tool for tissue engi neering, regenerative medicine, pharmacology studies and high throughput screeni ng applications. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Demirci, U] Har vard MIT Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA USA; [Xu, F; Finley, TD; Turkaydin, M ; Sung, YR; Gurkan, UA; Yavuz, AS; Demirci, U] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Ho sp, Sch Med,Dept Med, Ctr Biomed Engn,Demirci Bioacoust MEMS Med BAMM L, Boston, MA 02115 USA; [Guldiken, RO] Univ S Florida, Dept Mech Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 US A Demirci, U (reprint author), Harvard MIT Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA USA
[email protected] W.H. Coulter Foundation; Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology (CIMIT) under U.S. Army Medical Research; U.S . Army Medical Research & Materiel Command (USAMRMC); Telemedicine & Advanced Te chnology Research Center (TATRC), at Fort Detrick, MD; [RO1 A1081534]; [R21 A108 7107]; [R21 HL095960] The authors would like to acknowledge the W.H. Coulter F oundation Young Investigation Award. This was also supported by RO1 A1081534, R2 1 A1087107, R21 HL095960, and Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology (CIMIT) under U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity Cooperative Agreem ent, as well as made possible by a research grant that was awarded and administe red by the U.S. Army Medical Research & Materiel Command (USAMRMC) and the Telem edicine & Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC), at Fort Detrick, MD. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to p ublish, or preparation of the manuscript. 47 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 31 7847 7855 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.010 9 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822TN WOS:000295072600011 J Lesman, A; Koffler, J; Atlas, R; Blinder, YJ; Kam, Z; Levenberg, S Lesman, Ayelet; Koffler, Jacob; Atlas, Roee; Blinder, Yaron J.; Kam, Zvi; Levenb erg, Shulamit Engineering vessel-like networks within multicellular fi brin-based constructs BIOMATERIALS English Article Fibrin; Scaffold; Angiogenesis; Endothelial cell; Co-culture; Cell encapsulation EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; REAL-TIME PCR; IN-VITRO; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CARDIAC-MUSCLE ; TISSUE; ANGIOGENESIS; DIFFERENTIATION; MATRIX; STIFFNESS Sufficient vascu larization in engineered tissues can be achieved through coordinated application of improved biomaterial systems with proper cell types. In this study, we emplo yed 3D fibrin gels alone or in combination with the synthetic poly(L-lactic acid ) (PLLA)/polylactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) sponges to support in-vitro construct v
ascularization and to enhance neovascularization upon implantation. Two multicel lular assays were embedded in these constructs: (a) co-culture of endothelial (E C) and fibroblast cells, and (b) a tri-culture combination of ECs, fibroblasts a nd tissue specific skeletal myoblast cells. In-vitro vessel network formation wa s examined under advanced confocal microscopy in various time points from cell s eeding. Vessel network maturity levels and morphology were found to be highly re gulated by fibrinogen concentrations in-vitro. Combination of PLLA/PLGA sponges with fibrin matrices provided added mechanical strength and featured highly matu re vessels-like networks. Implantation studies revealed that the implanted ECs d eveloped into 3D interconnected vessel-like networks in-vivo. The PLLA/PLGA scaf fold proved to be a key stimulator of neovascularization and perfusion of implan ted grafts. Our findings demonstrate that complex biomaterial platform involving fibrin and PLLA/PLGA synthetic scaffold provide a way to enhancing vascularizat ion in-vitro and in-vivo. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Lesman, A; Koffler, J; Blinder, YJ; Levenberg, S] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Bi omed Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel; [Atlas, R] Omrix Biopharmaceut Ltd, Ness Zion a, Israel; [Kam, Z] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Cell Biol, IL-76100 Rehovot, Isr ael Levenberg, S (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Biomed Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel
[email protected] Israeli Ministry of Industry Trade; Nofar program; Omrix Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. We would like to thank Prof. David Yaffe (Weizmann Institute, Faculty of Biology. Israel ) for providing the C2 cell line. We would like to acknowledge Shirley Rachel Ro chman for the graphic assistance, and Yehudit Posen for editing the manuscript. The research was funded by The Israeli Ministry of Industry & Trade, Nofar progr am and Omrix Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. 38 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB , OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 31 7856 7869 10.1016/ j.biomaterials.2011.07.003 14 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822TN WOS:000295072600012 J Perniconi, B; Costa, A; Aulino, P; Teodori, L; Adamo, S; Coletti, D Perniconi, Barbara; Costa, Alessandra; Aulino, Paola; Teodori, Laura; Adamo, Ser gio; Coletti, Dario The pro-myogenic environment provided by whole o rgan scale acellular scaffolds from skeletal muscle BIOMATERIALS English Article ECM (extracellular matri x); In vivo test; Muscle; Stem cell MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-F ACTOR; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; IN-VIVO; DECELLULARIZED MATRIX; CHRONIC REJECTION; PRECURSOR CELLS; TISSUE; REGENERATION; CYCLOSPORINE In the pursuit of a tran splantable construct for the replacement of large skeletal muscle defects arisin g from traumatic or pathological conditions, several attempts have been made to obtain a highly oriented, vascularized and functional skeletal muscle. Acellular scaffolds derived from organ decellularization are promising, widely used bioma terials for tissue engineering. However, the acellular skeletal muscle extra cel lular matrix (ECM) has been poorly characterized in terms of production, storage and host-donor interactions. We have produced acellular scaffolds at the whole organ scale from various skeletal muscles explanted from mice. The acellular sca ffolds conserve chemical and architectural features of the tissue of origin, inc luding the vascular bed. Scaffolds can be sterilely stored for weeks at +4 degre es C or +37 degrees C in tissue culture grade conditions. When transplanted in w t mice, the grafts are stable for several weeks, whilst being colonized by infla mmatory and stem cells. We demonstrate that the acellular scaffold per se repres ents a pro-myogenic environment supporting de novo formation of muscle fibers, l ikely derived from host cells with myogenic potential. Myogenesis within the imp lant is enhanced by immunosuppressive treatment. Our work highlights the fundame ntal role of this niche in tissue engineering application and unveils the clinic al potential of allografts based on decellularized tissue for regenerative medic ine. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Costa, A; Teodori, L] E NEA Frascati, UTAPRAD DIM, Diagnost & Metrol Lab, I-00044 Frascati, Italy; [Pern iconi, B; Costa, A; Aulino, P; Adamo, S; Coletti, D] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept
Anat Histol Forens & Orthopaed Sci, Histol & Med Embryol Sect, I-00161 Rome, It aly; [Perniconi, B; Coletti, D] Univ Paris 06, UR4, F-75005 Paris, France Teodori, L (reprint author), ENEA Frascati, UTAPRAD DIM, Diagnost & Metrol Lab, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
[email protected] AFM; Italian MIUR; Sapienza Univ ersity of Rome; UPMC Emergence We gratefully acknowledge the technical help pro vided by Carla Ramina and Fabrizio Padula (Sapienza University of Rome) for the confocal and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. We thank Giovanna Marazzi an d David Sassoon, who have provided the 370 (anti-PW1) Ab. The authors are also g rateful to Dario Rossi for his multimedia advice and expertise. Grant support fr om the following institution is acknowledged: AFM, Italian MIUR, Sapienza Univer sity of Rome to SA; UPMC Emergence to DC. 48 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 31 7870 7882 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.016 13 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822TN WOS:000295072600013 J Kim, M; Kim, SE; Kang, SS; Kim, YH; Tae, G Kim, Mihye; Kim, Se Eun; Kang, Seong Soo; Kim, Young Ha; Tae, Giyoong The use of de-differentiated chondrocytes delivered by a heparin-based hydrogel to regenerate cartilage in partial-thickness defects BIOMATERIALS English Article Chondrocytes; De-differe ntiation; Heparin; Hydrogel; Partial-thickness defect MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; HUMAN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES; TISSUE-ENGINEERED CARTILAGE; LINKING DENSITY INFLU ENCES; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; IN-VITRO; CHONDROGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; GENE-EXPRESSI ON; TGF-BETA; STROMAL CELLS Partial-thickness cartilage defects, with no sub chondral bone injury, do not repair spontaneously, thus there is no clinically e ffective treatment for these lesions. Although the autologous chondrocyte transp lantation (ACT) is one of the promising approaches for cartilage repair, it requ ires in vitro cell expansion to get sufficient cells, but chondrocytes lose thei r chondrogenic phenotype during expansion by monolayer culture, leading to de-di fferentiation. In this study, a heparin-based hydrogel was evaluated and optimiz ed to induce cartilage regeneration with de-differentiated chondrocytes. First, re-differentiation of de-differentiated chondrocytes encapsulated in heparin-bas ed hydrogels was characterized in vitro with various polymer concentrations (fro m 3 to 20 wt.%). Even under a normal cell culture condition (no growth factors o r chondrogenic components), efficient re-differentiation of cells was observed w ith the optimum at 10 wt.% hydrogel, showing the complete re-differentiation wit hin a week. Efficient redifferentiation and cartilage formation of de-differenti ated cell/hydrogel construct were also confirmed in vivo by subcutaneous implant ation on the back of nude mice. Finally, excellent cartilage regeneration and go od integration with surrounding, similar to natural cartilage, was also observed by delivering dedifferentiated chondrocytes using the heparin-based hydrogel in partial-thickness defects of rabbit knees whereas no healing was observed for t he control defects. These results demonstrate that the heparin-based hydrogel is very efficient for re-differentiation of expanded chondrocytes and cartilage re generation without using any exogenous inducing factors, thus it could serve as an injectable cell-carrier and scaffold for cartilage repair. Excellent chondrog enic nature of the heparin-based hydrogel might be associated with the hydrogel characteristic that can secure endogenous growth factors secreted from chondrocy tes, which then can promote the chondrogenesis, as suggested by the detection of TGF-beta 1 in both in vitro and in vivo cell/hydrogel constructs. (C) 2011 Else vier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Kim, M; Kim, YH; Tae, G] Gwangju Inst Sci & Tec hnol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Oryong Dong 500712, Gwangju, South Korea; [Kim, M; Kim , YH; Tae, G] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nanobio Mat & Elect, Oryong Dong 500712, Gwangju, South Korea; [Kim, SE; Kang, SS] Chonnam Natl Univ, Coll Vet Me d, Kwangju 500757, South Korea Tae, G (reprint author), Gwangju Inst Sci & Tech nol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Oryong Dong 500712, Gwangju, South Korea gytae@gi st.ac.kr NRF; MEST, Korea[20110015196, R31-2008-000-10026-0]; World Class University (WCU) program at GIST; GIST, Korea This work was partially supporte
d by the Basic Science Research Program through NRF funded by MEST, Korea (20110 015196), the World Class University (WCU) program at GIST through a grant provid ed by MEST, Korea (R31-2008-000-10026-0), and by a GIST Specialized Research Pro ject provided by GIST, Korea. 70 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 31 7883 7896 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2 011.07.015 14 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Scien ce, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822TN WOS:000295072600 014 J Szot, CS; Buchanan, CF; Freeman, JW; Rylander, MN Szot, Christopher S.; Buchanan, Cara F.; Freeman, Joseph W.; Rylander, Marissa N . 3D in vitro bioengineered tumors based on collagen I hydrogels BIOMATERIALS English Article Collagen I; Hydrogel; Three-dimensional; Tumor microenvironment; Hypoxia HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1-ALPHA; BREAST-CANCER; GENE-EXPRESSION; CULTURE MODELS ; TISSUE; CELLS; MORPHOGENESIS; ANGIOGENESIS; PROGRESSION; PHENOTYPE Cells cu ltured within a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro environment have the ability to acquire phenotypes and respond to stimuli analogous to in vivo biological system s. This approach has been utilized in tissue engineering and can also be applied to the development of a physiologically relevant in vitro tumor model. In this study, collagen I hydrogels cultured with MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells w ere bioengineered as a platform for in vitro solid tumor development. The cell-c ell and cell-matrix interactions present during in vivo tissue progression were encouraged within the 3D hydrogel architecture, and the biocompatibility of coll agen I supported unconfined cellular proliferation. The development of necrosis beyond a depth of similar to 150-200 pm and the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha were demonstrated in the in vitro bioengineered tumors. Oxy gen and nutrient diffusion limitations through the collagen I matrix as well as competition for available nutrients resulted in growing levels of intracellular hypoxia, quantified by a statistically significant (p < 0.01) upregulation of HI F-1 alpha gene expression. The bioengineered tumors also demonstrated promising angiogenic potential with a statistically significant (p < 0.001) upregulation o f vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A gene expression. In addition, comp arable gene expression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant increas e of HIF-1 alpha (p < 0.05) and VEGF-A (p < 0.001) by MDA-MB-231 cells cultured in the 3D collagen I hydrogels compared to cells cultured in a monolayer on twodimensional tissue culture polystyrene. The results presented in this study demo nstrate the capacity of collagen I hydrogels to facilitate the development of 3D in vitro bioengineered tumors that are representative of the pre-vascularized s tages of in vivo solid tumor progression. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights rese rved. [Szot, CS; Buchanan, CF; Freeman, JW; Rylander, MN] Virginia Tech Wake F orest Univ, Sch Biomed Engn & Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA Szot, CS (reprin t author), Virginia Tech Wake Forest Univ, Sch Biomed Engn & Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
[email protected] NSF[CBET 0955072]; NIH/NHLBI[R01HL098912] We would like to thank Andrea Martin for generously donating the Sprague Dawley rat tails. We also acknowledge our funding, which was provided by the NSF Early CAREER Award CBET 0955072 and the NIH/NHLBI R01HL098912. 36 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KI DLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 31 7905 7912 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.001 8 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Mat erials Science 822TN WOS:000295072600016 J Liu, Y; Wang, XT; Kaufman, DS; Shen, W Liu, Yan g; Wang, Xintong; Kaufman, Dan S.; Shen, Wei A synthetic substrate to support early mesodermal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells BIOMATER IALS English Article Stem cel l; Biomimetic material; Surface modification; Peptide; Integrin MATRIX; MORPHOGE NESIS; INTEGRINS; ADHESION; LAMININ; CARDIOMYOCYTES; THERAPY; SYSTEM; GROWTH; GE
NE Our ability to guide differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hP SCs) toward desired lineages efficiently and reproducibly in xeno-free condition s is the key to advancing hPSC technology from the laboratory to clinical use. H ere we report an engineered biomimetic substrate functionalized with both peptid e ligands for alpha 5 beta 1 and alpha 6 beta 1 integrins to support efficient e arly mesodermal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) when cultu red in a differentiation medium containing BMP4. In contrast, mesodermal differe ntiation is not induced on substrates functionalized with either ligand alone ev en though the culture medium is identical. Mesodermal differentiation was charac terized by immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometric analysis, and RT-PCR anal ysis of early mesodermal markers Brachyury, Mixl1, and Wnt3. The early mesoderma l progenitors derived on the substrate functionalized with both integrin ligands have the normal developmental potential to further differentiate along the hema to-endothelial and cardiac lineages. Immobilized ligands for alpha 5 beta 1 and alpha 6 beta 1 integrins both are permissive, necessary, and sufficient insolubl e ligands in this engineered system to support early mesodermal differentiation of hESCs. This synthetic substrate, in conjunction with defined soluble factors, constructs a well-controlled and xeno-free early mesodermal differentiation nic he that offers advantages over the previously reported niche constructed with th e Matrigel-coated substrate. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Liu, Y; Wang, XT; Shen, W] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biomed Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55 455 USA; [Kaufman, DS] Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; [Kau fman, DS] Univ Minnesota, Stem Cell Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA Shen, W (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Biomed Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[email protected] Institute for Engineering in Medicine of the University of Minnesota; NIH/NHLBI[R01 HL077923, U01 HL100407] This research was partia lly supported by a seed grant from the Institute for Engineering in Medicine of the University of Minnesota. Prof. Kaufman was supported by NIH/NHLBI grants R01 HL077923 and U01 HL100407. 57 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8058 8066 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2 011.07.052 9 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Scien ce, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200 003 J Gillette, BM; Rossen, NS; Das, N; Leong, D; Wang, MX; Dugar, A; Sia, SK Gillette, Brian M.; Rossen, Ninna S.; Das, Nikkan; Leong, Debra; Wang, Meixin; D ugar, Arushi; Sia, Samuel K. Engineering extracellular matrix structu re in 3D multiphase tissues BIOMATERIALS English Article Adhesion; Alginate; Collagen; Hydrogel; Interface; Micropatterning IN-VITRO ; COLLAGEN FIBRILLOGENESIS; CELL-CULTURE; SCAFFOLDS; STIFFNESS; INTEGRATION; MIC ROSCOPY; POLYMERIZATION; ALIGNMENT; ADHESIVE In native tissues, microscale va riations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure can drive different cellula r behaviors. Although control over ECM structure could prove useful in tissue en gineering and in studies of cellular behavior, isotropic 3D matrices poorly repl icate variations in local microenvironments. In this paper, we demonstrate a met hod to engineer local variations in the density and size of collagen fibers thro ughout 3D tissues. The results showed that, in engineered multiphase tissues, th e structures of collagen fibers in both the bulk ECM phases (as measured by mesh size and width of fibers) as well as at tissue interfaces (as measured by densi ty of fibers and thickness of tissue interfaces) could be modulated by varying t he collagen concentrations and gelling temperatures. As the method makes use of a previously published technique for tissue bonding, we also confirmed that sign ificant adhesion strength at tissue interfaces was achieved under all conditions tested. Hence, this study demonstrates how collagen fiber structures can be eng ineered within all regions of a multiphase tissue scaffold by exploiting knowled ge of collagen assembly, and presents an approach to engineer local collagen str ucture that complements methods such as flow alignment and electrospinning. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Gillette, BM; Rossen, NS; Das, N; Leong , D; Wang, MX; Dugar, A; Sia, SK] Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, New York, NY
10027 USA Sia, SK (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 351 E ngn Terrace,500 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA
[email protected] American Heart Association; National Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health[R01HL095477] We thank the American Heart Association (Scientist Devel opment Grant), the National Science Foundation (CAREER), and the National Instit utes of Health (Grant R01HL095477) for financial support of this work. We thank Prof. Helen Lu, Nora Khanarian, and Sid Subramony for advice in the mechanical t esting experiments, and Keith Yeager and Mario Modena for assisting with buildin g the testing rig. 38 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8067 8076 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2 011.05.043 10 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Scien ce, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200 004 J Chen, BKK; Knight, AM; Madigan, NN; Gross, L; Dadsetan, M; Nesbitt, JJ; Rooney, GE; Currier, BL; Yaszemski, MJ; Spinner, RJ; Windebank, AJ Chen, Bingkun K.; Knight, Andrew M.; Madigan, Nicolas N.; Gross, LouAnn; Dadseta n, Mahrokh; Nesbitt, Jarred J.; Rooney, Gemma E.; Currier, Bradford L.; Yaszemsk i, Michael J.; Spinner, Robert J.; Windebank, Anthony J. Comparis on of polymer scaffolds in rat spinal cord: A step toward quantitative assessmen t of combinatorial approaches to spinal cord repair BIOMATERIALS English Article OPF; PLGA; PCLF; Axon re generation; Spinal cord injury; Schwann cell PERIPHERAL-NERVE REGENERATION; E NSHEATHING GLIA TRANSPLANTS; GLYCOL) FUMARATE) HYDROGELS; PROMOTE FUNCTIONAL REC OVERY; B DECOY OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; SCHWANN-CELLS; GUIDANCE CHANNELS; AXONAL REGENE RATION; POLY(CAPROLACTONE FUMARATE); INJURY The transected rat thoracic (T(9 /10)) spinal cord model is a platform for quantitatively comparing biodegradable polymer scaffolds. Schwann cell-loaded scaffolds constructed from poly (lactic co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(c-caprolactone fumarate) (PCLF), oligo(polyethyle ne glycol) fumarate (OPF) hydrogel or positively charged OPF (OPF+) hydrogel wer e implanted into the model. We demonstrated that the mechanical properties (3-po int bending and stiffness) of OPF and OPF + hydrogels closely resembled rat spin al cord. After one month, tissues were harvested and analyzed by morphometry of neurofilament-stained sections at rostra!, midlevel, and caudal scaffold. All po lymers supported axonal growth. Significantly higher numbers of axons were found in PCLF (P < 0.01) and OPF+ (P < 0.05) groups, compared to that of the PLGA gro up. OPF + polymers showed more centrally distributed axonal regeneration within the channels while other polymers (PLGA, PCLF and OPF) tended to show more evenl y dispersed axons within the channels. The centralized distribution was associat ed with significantly more axons regenerating (P < 0.05). Volume of scar and cys t rostral and caudal to the implanted scaffold was measured and compared. There were significantly smaller cyst volumes in PLGA compared to PCLF groups. The mod el provides a quantitative basis for assessing individual and combined tissue en gineering strategies. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Chen, B KK; Knight, AM; Madigan, NN; Gross, L; Nesbitt, JJ; Rooney, GE; Windebank, AJ] M ayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA; [Dadsetan, M; Currier, BL; Yaszemski, MJ] Mayo Clin, Dept Orthoped Surg, Rochester, MN 55905 USA; [Spi nner, RJ] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurosurg, Rochester, MN 55905 USA Windebank, AJ (r eprint author), Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 5 5905 USA
[email protected] NIH[EB02390]; Wilson Foundation; Morton Foundation; Neilsen Foundation; Mayo Foundation We thank James Tarara fo r his critical help in imaging of the axon counting and measure of the scar and cyst formation. We thank Jane Meyer for her administrative role in manuscript pr eparation. This work was supported by a grant from the NIH (EB02390) and the Wil son, Morton, Neilsen and Mayo Foundations (AJW). 76 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON , OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomater ials NOV 2011 32 32 8077 8086 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.029 10 Engineering, Bio
medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200005 J Ker, EDP; Nain, AS; Weiss, LE; Wang, J; Suhan, J; Amon, CH; Campbell, PG Ker, Elmer D. P.; Nain, Amrinder S.; Weiss, Lee E.; Wang, Ji; Suhan, Joseph; Amo n, Cristina H.; Campbell, Phil G. Bioprinting of growth factors on to aligned sub-micron fibrous scaffolds for simultaneous control of cell differe ntiation and alignment BIOMATERIALS English Article Bone; Muscle; Tendon; Growth factors TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS; ELECTRO SPUN NANOFIBERS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; SCLERAXIS EXPRESSION; TENDON PROGENITORS; STEM-CELLS; TENOMODULIN; ACTIVATION; INTERFACE; PATTERNS The capability t o spatially control stem cell orientation and differentiation simultaneously usi ng a combination of geometric cues that mimic structural aspects of native extra cellular matrix (ECM) and biochemical cues such as ECM-bound growth factors (GFs ) is important for understanding the organization and function of musculoskeleta l tissues. Herein, oriented sub-micron fibers, which are morphologically similar to musculoskeletal ECM, were spatially patterned with GFs using an inkjet-based bioprinter to create geometric and biochemical cues that direct musculoskeletal cell alignment and differentiation in vitro in registration with fiber orientat ion and printed patterns, respectively. Sub-micron polystyrene fibers (diameter similar to 655 nm) were fabricated using a Spinneret-based Tunable Engineered Pa rameters (STEP) technique and coated with serum or fibrin. The fibers were subse quently patterned with tendon-promoting fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) or bo ne-promoting bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) prior to seeding with mouse C2 C12 myoblasts or C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal fibroblasts. Unprinted regions of STEP fi bers showed myocyte differentiation while printed FGF-2 and BMP-2 patterns promo ted tenocyte and osteoblast fates, respectively, and inhibited myocyte different iation. Additionally, cells aligned along the fiber length. Functionalizing orie nted sub-micron fibers with printed GFs provides instructive cues to spatially c ontrol cell fate and alignment to mimic native tissue organization and may have applications in regenerative medicine. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. [Ker, EDP; Suhan, J; Campbell, PG] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsbur gh, PA 15213 USA; [Weiss, LE] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Robot, Pittsburgh, PA 1 5213 USA; [Weiss, LE; Campbell, PG] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Complex Engn Syst , Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA; [Ker, EDP; Weiss, LE; Campbell, PG] UPMC, McGowan In st Regenerat Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA; [Nain, AS; Wang, J] Virginia Tech, D ept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA; [Amon, CH] Univ Toronto, Dept Ind & Mec h Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada Campbell, PG (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 1201 Hamburg Hall,5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15 213 USA
[email protected];
[email protected] NIH[RO1EB004343, RO1EB007369]; P ennsylvania Infrastructure Technology Alliance (PITA); NICHD We would like to thank Bur Chu and Larry Schultz for assistance with GF printing. We would also like to thank Dr. Haibing Teng for assistance with confocal microscopy. This wor k was supported by NIH grants RO1EB004343 and RO1EB007369 as well as funding fro m the Pennsylvania Infrastructure Technology Alliance (PITA). The MF20 monoclona l antibody developed by Donald A. Fischman was obtained from the Developmental S tudies Hybridoma Bank developed under the auspices of the NICHD and maintained b y The University of Iowa, Department of Biology, Iowa City, IA 52242. A. N and J . W are also thankful to Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Sciences (ICTAS) along with Nanoscale Characterization and Fabrication Laboratory (NCFL) at VT for SEM work. 54 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8097 8107 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2 011.07.025 11 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Scien ce, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200 007 J Ekaputra, AK; Prestwich, GD; Cool, SM; Hutmacher, DW Ekaputra, Andrew K.; Prestwich, Glenn D.; Cool, Simon M.; Hutmacher, Dietmar W. The three-dimensional vascularization of growth factor-releasing hybrid scaffold of poly (epsilon-caprolactone)/collagen fibers and hyaluronic acid hydrogel
BIOMATERIALS English Article Angiogenesis; Hyaluronic acid/hyaluronan; Polycaprolactone; Collagen; Scaffold; Endothelial cell TISSUE-ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS; BLOOD-VESSEL FORMATION; LO NG-TERM CULTURE; IN-VITRO; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MOLECULAR-BA SIS; FACTOR DELIVERY; TUBE FORMATION; ANGIOGENESIS A significant stumbling block in the creation of functional three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissues is the proper vascularization of the constructs. Furthermore, in the context of el ectrospinning, the development of 3D constructs using this technique has been hi ndered by the limited infiltration of cells into their structure. In an attempt to address these issues, a hybrid mesh of poly (epsilon-caprolactone)-collagen b lend (PCL/Col) and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel, Heprasil (TM) was created via a dual electrodeposition system. Simultaneous deposition of HA and PCL/Col allow ed the dual loading and controlled release of two potent angiogenic growth facto rs VEGF(165) and PDGF-BB over a period of five weeks in vitro. Furthermore, this manner of loading sustained the bioactivity of the two growth factors. Utilizin g an in-house developed 3D co-culture assay model of human umbilical vein endoth elial cells and lung fibroblasts, the growth factor-loaded hybrid meshes was sho wn to not only support cellular attachment, but also their infiltration and the recapitulation of primitive capillary network in the scaffold's architecture. Th us, the creation of a PCL/Col-Heprasil hybrid scaffold is a step forward toward the attainment of a 3D bio-functionalized, vascularized tissue engineering const ruct. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Hutmacher, DW] Queensla nd Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia; [Eka putra, AK] NUS Tissue Engn Program, Grad Program Bioengn, Singapore 117510, Sing apore; [Prestwich, GD] Univ Utah, Dept Med Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA; [ Cool, SM] Agcy Sci Technol & Res, Inst Med Biol, Singapore 138673, Singapore Hutmacher, DW (reprint author), Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Inno vat, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia
[email protected] A*STAR SERC[062 120 0013] The authors acknowledge A*STAR SERC grant 062 12 0 0013 as a source of funding for the work presented here. 68 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KI DLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8108 8117 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.022 10 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Mat erials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200008 J Wong, ML; Leach, JK; Athanasiou, KA; Griffiths, LG Wong, Maelene L.; Leach, J. Kent; Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.; Griffiths, Leigh G. The role of protein solubilization in antigen removal from xenogeneic tissue for heart valve tissue engineering BIOMATERIALS English Article Antigen removal; Xenogeneic scaffold; Decellularization; Extracellular matrix; H eart valve tissue engineering BOVINE PERICARDIUM; DECELLULARIZED PORCINE; PULM ONARY VALVE; EXTRACTION; ELECTROPHORESIS; XENOANTIGENS; CHALLENGES; CONDUITS; FA ILURE; MATRIX Decellularization techniques have been developed in an attempt t o reduce the antigenicity of xenogeneic biomaterials, a critical barrier in thei r use as tissue engineering scaffolds. However, numerous studies have demonstrat ed inadequate removal and subsequent persistence of antigens in the biomaterial following decellularization, resulting in an immune response upon implantation. Thus, methods to enhance antigen removal (AR) are critical for the use of xenoge neic biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In the presen t study, AR methods incorporating protein solubilization principles were investi gated for their ability to reduce antigenicity of bovine pericardium (BP) for he art valve tissue engineering. Bovine pericardium following AR (BP-AR) was assess ed for residual antigenicity, tensile properties, and extracellular matrix compo sition. Increasing protein solubility during AR significantly decreased the resi dual antigenicity of BP-AR by an additional 80% compared to hypotonic solution o r 60% compared to 0.1% (w/v) SDS decellularization methods. Moreover, solubilizi ng agents have a dominant effect on reducing the level of residual antigenicity of BP-AR beyond that achieved by AR additives alone. Tested AR methods did not c ompromise the tensile properties of BP-AR compared to native BP. Furthermore, re
sidual cell nuclei did not correlate to residual antigenicity, demonstrating tha t residual nuclei counts may not be an appropriate indicator of successful AIL I n conclusion, AR strategies promoting protein solubilization significantly reduc ed residual antigens compared to decellularization methods without compromising biomaterial functional properties. This study demonstrates the importance of sol ubilizing protein antigens for their removal in the generation of xenogeneic sca ffolds. Published by Elsevier Ltd. [Wong, ML; Griffiths, LG] Univ Calif Dav is, Dept Vet Med Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA; [Wong, ML; Leach, JK; Ath anasiou, KA] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biomed Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA Griffith s, LG (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Vet Med Med & Epidemiol, 1 Shield s Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA
[email protected] American Heart Associati on[11SDG4980023]; HHMI Med into Grad Initiative[56005706] The authors woul d like to thank Janelle L. Wong for her technical assistance with the quantitati ve biochemical assays and histology. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Je rry Hu, Sriram V. Eleswarapu, Donald Responte, and Vincent P. Willard from the A thanasiou lab for their advice regarding tensile testing and biochemical assays and Dr. Clare E. Yellowley for use of her microscope. This work was funded by th e American Heart Association (11SDG4980023, LGG) and HHMI Med into Grad Initiati ve (56005706, MLW). 41 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8129 8138 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2 011.07.030 10 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Scien ce, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200 010 J Ghanaati, S; Unger, RE; Webber, MJ; Barbeck, M; Orth, C; Kirkpatrick, JA ; Booms, P; Motta, A; Migliaresi, C; Sader, RA; Kirkpatrick, CJ Ghanaati, Shahram; Unger, Ronald E.; Webber, Matthew J.; Barbeck, Mike; Orth, Ca rina; Kirkpatrick, Jenny A.; Booms, Patrick; Motta, Antonella; Migliaresi, Claud io; Sader, Robert A.; Kirkpatrick, C. James Scaffold vascularization in vivo driven by primary human osteoblasts in concert with host inflammatory c ells BIOMATERIALS English Article Angiogenesis; Bone tissue engineering; Osteoblasts; Multinucleated giant cells; Silk fibroin OUTGROWTH ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; HUMAN PERIP HERAL-BLOOD; SILK FIBROIN; GROWTH-FACTOR; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; ANGIOGENESIS; BIOMA TERIALS; VITRO; CULTURES Successful cell-based tissue engineering require s a rapid and thorough vascularization in order to ensure long-term implant surv ival and tissue integration. The vascularization of a scaffold is a complex proc ess, and is modulated by the presence of transplanted cells, exogenous and endog enous signaling proteins, and the host tissue reaction, among other influencing factors. This paper presents evidence for the significance of pre-seeded osteobl asts for the in vivo vascularization of a biodegradable scaffold. Human osteobla sts, cultured on silk fibroin micronets in vitro, migrated throughout the interc onnected pores of the scaffold and produced extensive bone matrix. When these co nstructs were implanted in SCID mice, a rapid and thorough vascularization of th e scaffold by the host blood capillaries occurred. This profound response was no t seen for the silk fibroin scaffold alone. Moreover, when the pre-cultivation t ime of human osteoblasts was reduced from 14 days to only 24 h, the significant effect these cells exerted on vascularization rate in vivo was still detectable. From these studies, we conclude that matrix and soluble factors produced by ost eoblasts can serve to instruct host endothelial cells to migrate, proliferate, a nd initiate the process of scaffold vascularization. This finding represents a p otential paradigm shift for the field of tissue engineering, especially in bone, as traditional strategies to enhance scaffold vascularization have focused on e ndovascular cells and regarded osteoblasts primarily as cell targets for mineral ization. In addition, the migration of host macrophages and multinucleated giant cells into the scaffold was also found to influence the vascularization of the biomaterial. Therefore, the robust effect on scaffold vascularization seen by pr e-culturing with osteoblasts appears to occur in concert with the pro-angiogenic stimuli arising from host immune cells. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reser
ved. [Ghanaati, S; Unger, RE; Barbeck, M; Kirkpatrick, JA; Kirkpatrick, CJ] J ohannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Pathol, REPAIR Lab, D-55101 Mainz, Germany; [ Webber, MJ] Northwestern Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA; [Orth, C] Univ Jena, Inst Pathol, Jena, Germany; [Booms, P] Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Mol Med, Sect Translat Anaesthet & Surg Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England; [M otta, A; Migliaresi, C] Univ Trent, Dept Mat Engn & Ind Technol, I-38100 Trento, Italy; [Motta, A; Migliaresi, C] Univ Trent, BIOtech Res Ctr, I-38100 Trento, I taly; [Ghanaati, S; Sader, RA] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Clin Maxillofacial & Plast Surg, Frankfurt, Germany Ghanaati, S (reprint author), Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Pathol, REPAIR Lab, Langenbeckstr 1, D-55101 Mainz, Germany
[email protected] European commission[500283- 2]; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF German-Chinese Cooperation in Regenerative Medic ine) The authors would like to thank A. Sartoris und U.Hilbig for their excel lent technical assistance. This work was financially supported by grants from th e European commission (EXPERTISSUES Contract no.: 500283- 2) and the German Fede ral Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF German-Chinese Cooperation in Regen erative Medicine). 40 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8150 8160 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2 011.07.041 11 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Scien ce, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200 012 J Li, XA; Sun, HX; Lin, NC; Hou, XL; Wang, JM; Zhou, BM; Xu, PZ; Xiao, ZF; Chen, B; Dai, JW; Hu, YL Li, Xinan; Sun, Haixiang ; Lin, Nacheng; Hou, Xianglin; Wang, Jingmei; Zhou, Bai; Xu, Peizhen; Xiao, Zhif eng; Chen, Bing; Dai, Jianwu; Hu, Yali Regeneration of uterine horns in rats by collagen scaffolds loaded with collagen-binding human basic fibroblast growth factor BIOMATERIALS English Article Collagen; Basic fibroblast growth factor; Uterine horn regeneration; Tissue engi neering INTRAPERITONEAL COMPOSITE MESH; SMALL-INTESTINAL SUBMUCOSA; INFECTION RI SK; OPEN PLACEMENT; IN-VITRO; UTERUS; MATRIX; VASCULARIZATION; TRANSPLANTATION; REPLACEMENT Severe damages of uterine endometrium which prevent embryos from implantation and placentation finally often result in infertility or pregnant c omplications. There is lack of effective treatments due to the limitation of nat ive materials available and complexity of the function and internal environment of uterus. In the present study, a collagen targeting basic fibroblast growth fa ctor (bFGF) delivery system was constructed by a collagen membrane loaded with b FGF fused a collagen-binding domain (CBD) to the N-terminal which limits the dif fusion of bFGF from collagen. We tested the bFGF delivery system in rats under t he severe uterine damage model (partial rat uterine horn excision/reconstruction ), and found this delivery system improved regeneration abilities of uterine end ometrium and muscular cells, improved vascularization, as well as better pregnan cy outcomes in rats. Therefore, this targeting delivery system may be an effecti ve strategy for uterine tissue regeneration. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights r eserved. [Li, XA; Sun, HX; Lin, NC; Zhou, BM; Hu, YL] Nanjing Univ, Nanji ng Drum Tower Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sch Med, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R Ch ina; [Hou, XL] Yantai Zhenghai Biotechnol Co Ltd, Yantai 264006, Shangdong, Peop les R China; [Wang, JM] Nanjing Univ, Nanjing Drum Tower Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Pat hol, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China; [Xu, PZ] Women & Childrens Hosp Changzhou City, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Changzhou 213003, Peoples R China; [Xiao, ZF; Chen, B; Dai, JW] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China Hu, YL (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Nanjing Drum Tower Hosp, Dept Obs tet & Gynecol, Sch Med, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China
[email protected];
[email protected] Ministry of Science and Technolo gy of China[2007CB947504, 2010CB945104]; Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDA01030401 ]; Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Ministry of Health; Jiang su Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine[BM2007208]; Key Laboratory, Department of Health, Jiangsu Province, China[XK200709] The authors would like to thank Dr Kui Meng, Dr Jun Yang and Dr Qiang Zhou for their technical assistance in imm
unohistochemistry. This work is supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2007CB947504, 2010CB945104); the "Strategic Priority R esearch Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA01030401); Key Laborator y of Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Ministry of Health; Jiangsu Key Laborator y for Molecular Medicine (BM2007208); and Key Laboratory (XK200709), Department of Health, Jiangsu Province, China. 32 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB , OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8172 8181 10.1016/ j.biomaterials.2011.07.050 10 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200014 J de Guzman, RC; Merrill, MR; Richter, JR; Hamzi, RI; Greengauz-Roberts, O K; Van Dyke, ME de Guzman, Roche C.; Merrill, Michelle R .; Richter, Jillian R.; Hamzi, Rawad I.; Greengauz-Roberts, Olga K.; Van Dyke, M ark E. Mechanical and biological properties of keratose biomaterials BIOMATERIALS English Article Keratin; Biomaterial; Protein oxidation; Compatibility; Tissue engineering; Rege nerative medicine HUMAN HAIR; KERATINS; CHEMISTRY; PROTEIN; WOOL; IDENTIFI CATION; REGENERATION; CULTIVATION; SCAFFOLDS; FRACTION The oxidized form of ext ractable human hair keratin proteins, commonly referred to as keratose, is gaini ng interest as a biomaterial for multiple tissue engineering studies including t hose directed toward peripheral nerve, spinal cord, skin, and bone regeneration. Unlike its disulfide cross-linked counterpart, kerateine, keratose does not pos sess a covalently cross-linked network structure and consequently displays subst antially different characteristics. In order to understand its mode(s) of action and potential for clinical translatability, detailed characterization of the co mposition, physical properties, and biological responses of keratose biomaterial s are needed. Keratose was obtained from end-cut human hair fibers by peracetic acid treatment, followed by base extraction, and subsequent dialysis. Analysis o f lyophilized keratose powder determined that it contains 99% proteins by mass w ith amino acid content similar to human hair cortex. Metallic elements were also found in minute quantities. Protein oxidation led to disulfide bond cleavage an d drastic reduction of free thiols due to conversion of sulfhydryl to sulfonic a cid, chain fragmentation, and amino acid modifications. Mass spectrometry identi fied the major protein constituents as a heterogeneous mixture of 15 hair kerati ns (type I: K31-35 and K37-39, and type II: K81-86) with small amounts of epithe lial keratins which exist in monomeric, dimeric, multimeric, and even degraded f orms. Re-hydration with PBS enabled molecular assembly into an elastic solid-lik e hydrogel. Highly-porous scaffolds formed by lyophilization of the gel had the compression behavior of a cellular foam material and reverted back to gel upon w etting. Cytotoxicity assays showed that the EC50 for various cell lines were att ained at 8-10 mg/mL keratose, indicating the non-toxic nature of the material. I mplantation in mouse subcutaneous tissue pockets demonstrated that keratose reso rption follows a rectangular hyperbolic regression with 92% degradation by an 8week time point. Keratose was shown to integrate with the host tissue as evidenc ed by infiltration of leukocytes and fibroblasts, bulk material angiogenesis, an d minimal fibrous encapsulation. Tissue response benchmarks were superior in ker atose compared to the control PLGA 90:10 mesh. Finally, the degraded keratose wa s observed to remodel with the natural collagen extracellular matrix, verifying the benefit of using keratose as a temporary matrix for regenerative medicine ap plications. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [de Guzman, RC; Merrill, MR; Richter, JR; Hamzi, RI; Greengauz-Roberts, OK; Van Dyke, ME] Wake Forest Un iv Hlth Sci, Inst Regenerat Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA; [Richter, JR] Virg inia Tech Wake Forest Univ, Sch Biomed Engn & Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA Van Dyke, ME (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Inst Regenerat Med, Wi nston Salem, NC 27157 USA
[email protected] US Army; KeraNetics, LLC . The authors would like to thank Maria Bahawdory, Bailey Fearing, Lauren Pace, Helen Melito, and Dr. Mark Lively for their invaluable assistance. This wo rk was supported by the US Army and KeraNetics, LLC. 50 0
0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON , OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomater ials NOV 2011 32 32 8205 8217 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.054 13 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200017 J Mi, Y; Li, K; Liu, Y; Pu, KY; Liu, B; Feng, SS Mi, Yu; Li, Kai; Liu, Yutao; Pu, Kan-Yi; Liu, Bin; Feng, Si-Shen Herceptin functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane - conjugated oligo mers - silica/iron oxide nanoparticles for tumor cell sorting and detection BIOMATERIALS English Article CTC; Cancer nanotechnology; Conjugated oligomers; Iron oxides; Silica nanopartic les; Trastuzumab METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CLINICALPRACTICE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; QUANTUM DOTS; THERAPY; CAPTURE Sorting and dete ction of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood as an efficient and n on-invasive method to diagnose cancer have recently attracted much attention. In this article, we developed a multiply-engineered nanoparticle system for CTC so rting and detection, which consists of (1) conjugated oligomer (CO) as fluoresce nce signal source, (2) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) scaffold for CO localization for better fluorescent effects, (3) silica nanoparticles (SiNPs ) as formulation matrix of the POSS containing CO, (4) iron oxide (IO) layer on the silica nanoparticles (IO-SiNPs) for magnetic collection, and (5) herceptin s urface functionalization of the IO-SiNPs to target cancer cells of HER2 overexpr ession. Such a multiply-engineered structure can be used for either traditional immunomagnetic methods or microfluidic devices for CTC sorting and detection. (C ) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Mi, Y; Li, K; Liu, Y; Pu, KY; L iu, B; Feng, SS] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Fac Engn, Singapo re 117576, Singapore; [Feng, SS] Natl Univ Singapore, Div Bioengn, Fac Engn, Sin gapore 117576, Singapore; [Feng, SS] Natl Univ Singapore, Nanosci & Nanoengn Ini tiat NUSNNI, Singapore 117581, Singapore Feng, SS (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Fac Engn, Block E5,02-11,4 Engn Dr 4, S ingapore 117576, Singapore
[email protected] Agency of Science, Techn ology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Ministry of Education[R-279-000-255-112] ; National Research Foundation[R-279-000-323-281] This work is supported b y the 7th Singapore-China Cooperative Research Project Call between Agency of Sc ience, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore (PI: Feng SS) and Ministry of Education (R-279-000-255-112), National Research Foundation (R-279-000-323-281) . 35 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOUL EVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8226 8233 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.040 8 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Mat erials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200019 J Oh, SH; Kim, TH; Lee, JH Oh, Se Heang; Ki m, Tae Ho; Lee, Jin Ho Creating growth factor gradients in three dimens ional porous matrix by centrifugation and surface immobilization BIOMATER IALS English Article Growth f actor gradient; Scaffold; Polycaprolactone; Centrifugation; Surface immobilizati on MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; CHONDROGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR S; MOLECULAR GRADIENTS; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; PROTEIN GRADIENTS; HEPARIN; TISSUE; C HEMOTAXIS; SCAFFOLDS Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 cylindrical scaffol ds with gradually increasing growth factor concentrations were fabricated by the centrifugation of fibril-like PCLs and the subsequent fibril surface immobiliza tion of growth factors. The cylindrical scaffolds exhibited gradually increasing surface areas along the longitudinal direction [from 3.17 +/- 0.05 m(2)/g (top position) to 5.42 +/- 0.01 m(2)/g (bottom position)]. The growth factors (BMP-7, TGF-beta(2) and VEGF(165)) as model bioactive molecules were immobilized onto t he fibril surfaces of the scaffolds via heparin binding to produce scaffolds wit h gradually increasing concentrations of growth factors from the top position (B MP-7, 60.89 +/- 2.51; TGF-beta(2), 42.85 +/- 2.00; VEGF(165), 42.52 +/- 3.22 ng/
scaffold section) to the bottom position (BMP-7, 181.07 +/- 3.21; TGF-beta(2), 1 42.08 +/- 2.91: VEGF(165), 112.00 +/- 4.00 ng/scaffold section). The released am ount of growth factor (VEGF(165)) from the cylindrical scaffold gradually decrea sed along the longitudinal direction in a sustained manner for up to 35 days, wh ich can allow for a minutely controlled spatial distribution of growth factors i n a 3D environment. The 3D porous scaffold with a concentration gradient of grow th factors may become a useful tool for basic studies, including in vitro invest igations of 3D chemotaxis/haptotaxis for the control of specific biological proc ess. It may also be used as a tissue engineering scaffolding system for a variet y of tissues/organs requiring the spatial regulation of growth factors for effec tive regeneration. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Oh, SH; Kim, TH ; Lee, JH] Hannam Univ, Dept Adv Mat, Taejon 305811, South Korea Lee, JH (reprint author), Hannam Univ, Dept Adv Mat, 461-6 Jeonmin Dong, Taejon 305811, South Korea
[email protected] National Research Foundation of Korea[NRF-2008-3 14-D00515] This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Fo undation of Korea (NRF-2008-314-D00515). 59 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9612 BIOMATERIALS Biomaterials NOV 2011 32 32 8254 8260 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.027 7 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 824ZR WOS:000295241200022 J Kokusho, T; Suzuki, T Kokusho, Takaji; Suzuki, Taku Energy flow in shallow depth based on vertical array records dur ing recent strong earthquakes SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING English Article DISSIPATION; WAV E Wave energy flow in shallow ground depth is calculated based on main sho ck records obtained at 30 vertical array sites throughout Japan during nine rece nt strong earthquakes (M(J)=6.4-8.0) by assuming vertical propagation of SH wave s. It is generally found that upward energy tends to decrease considerably as it goes up from the base (about 100 m deep) to the ground surface. Large energy is reflected at layer boundaries with clear impedance contrast and returns to deep er ground, so that only less than 10-30% of the upward energy at the base level arrives at the ground surface in most sites. Energy dissipation calculated from the upward and downward energies tends to increase with the increase of damping ratio of the ground back-calculated from the seismic records. It is also found t hat the upward energy at the base may roughly be estimated for engineering purpo ses using spherical energy radiation of the body wave despite strong effects of fault rupture/path mechanisms. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Kokusho, T; Suzuki, T] Chuo Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1128551, Jap an; [Suzuki, T] Tokyo Elect Power Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan Kokusho, T (reprint auth or), Chuo Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Bunkyo Ku, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Tokyo 1128551, Japan
[email protected] 20 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0267-7261 SOIL DYN EARTHQ ENG Soil Dyn . Earthq. Eng. NOV 2011 31 11 1540 1550 10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.06.003 11 Engineer ing, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Engineering; Geology 824JQ WOS:000295198600008 J Lyu, S Lyu, Siwei Dependency Reduc tion with Divisive Normalization: Justification and Effectiveness NEURAL C OMPUTATION English Article NATURAL IMAGES; SCALE MIXTURES; VISUAL-CORTEX; CONTRAST GAIN; V1 NEURONS; STATIS TICS; INFORMATION; RESPONSES; MODEL; DISTRIBUTIONS Efficient coding transfo rms that reduce or remove statistical dependencies in natural sensory signals ar e important for both biology and engineering. In recent years, divisive normaliz ation (DN) has been advocated as a simple and effective nonlinear efficient codi ng transform. In this work, we first elaborate on the theoretical justification for DN as an efficient coding transform. Specifically, we use the multivariate t model to represent several important statistical properties of natural sensory
signals and show that DN approximates the optimal transforms that eliminate stat istical dependencies in the multivariate t model. Second, we show that several f orms of DN used in the literature are equivalent in their effects as efficient c oding transforms. Third, we provide a quantitative evaluation of the overall dep endency reduction performance of DN for both the multivariate t models and natur al sensory signals. Finally, we find that statistical dependencies in the multiv ariate t model and natural sensory signals are increased by the DN transform wit h low-input dimensions. This implies that for DN to be an effective efficient co ding transform, it has to pool over a sufficiently large number of inputs. SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA Lyu, S (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA
[email protected] National Science Foundation[0953373] Thanks to Eero Simoncelli for helpful di scussions and the two anonymous referees for their critical and constructive com ments. This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundati on under CAREER Award grant no. 0953373. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are my own and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. 82 0 0 MIT PRESS CAMBRIDGE 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 U SA 0899-7667 NEURAL COMPUT Neural Comput. NOV 2011 23 11 2942 2973 32 Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology 825ZO WOS:000295321100008 J Chan, YH; Huang, TW; Young, TH; Lou, PJ Chan, Ye n-Hui; Huang, Tsung-Wei; Young, Tai-Horng; Lou, Pei-Jen Human Salivary G land Acinar Cells Spontaneously Form Three-Dimensional Structures and Change the Protein Expression Patterns JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY English Article EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PRIMAR Y CULTURE; IN-VITRO; TISSUE; CULTIVATION; SECRETION; DIFFERENTIATION; AQUAPORINS ; GROWTH; CANCER Applying tissue engineering principles to design an auto -secretory device is a potential solution for patients suffering loss of salivar y gland function. However, the largest challenge in implementing this solution i s the primary culture of human salivary gland cells, because the cells are highl y differentiated and difficult to expand in vitro. This situation leads to the l ack of reports on the in vitro cell biology and physiology of human salivary gla nd cells. This study used a low-calcium culture system to selectively cultivate human parotid gland acinar (PGAC) cells from tissues with high purity in cell co mposition. This condition enables PGAC cells to continuously proliferate and ret ain the phenotypes of epithelial acinar cells to express secreting products (a-a mylase) and function-related proteins (aquaporin-3, aquaporin-5, and ZO-1). Nota bly, when the cells reached confluence, three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregates w ere observed in crowded regions. These self-formed cell spheres were termed post -confluence structures (PCSs). Unexpectedly, despite being cultured in the same media, cells in PCSs exhibited higher expression levels and different expression patterns of function-related proteins compared to the two-dimensional (2D) cell s. Translocation of aquoporin-3 from cytosolic to alongside the cell boundaries, and of ZO-1 molecules to the boundary of the PCSs were also observed. These obs ervations suggest that when PGAC cells cultured on the 2D substrate would form P CSs without the help of 3D scaffolds and retain certain differentiation and pola rity. This phenomenon implies that it is possible to introduce 2D substrates ins tead of 3D scaffolds into artificial salivary gland tissue engineering. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 3076-3085, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [Chan, YH; Huang , TW; Young, TH] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Biomed Engn, Coll Med, Taipei 10764, Tai wan; [Chan, YH; Huang, TW; Young, TH] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Engn, Taipei 10764, Taiwan; [Huang, TW] Far Eastern Mem Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol, Taipei, Taiwan; [Lo u, PJ] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol, Taipei, Taiwan; [Lou, PJ] Coll M ed, Taipei, Taiwan Young, TH (reprint author), 1,Sec 1 Jen Ai Rd, Taipei, T aiwan
[email protected];
[email protected] National Science Council, Republ ic of China[NSC99-2628-B-002-050-MY3] Contract grant sponsor: National Science Council, Republic of China;Contract grant number: NSC99-2628-B-002-050-MY3. 28 1 1 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL
DEN 02148, MA USA 0021-9541 J CELL PHYSIOL J. Cell. Physiol . NOV 2011 226 11 3076 3085 10.1002/jcp.22664 10 Cell Biology; Physiology Cell Biology; Physiology 824XF WOS:000295234800038 J Keiser, NW; Engelhardt, JF Keiser, Nicholas W.; Engelhardt, John F. New animal models of cystic fibrosis: wh at are they teaching us? CURRENT OPINION IN PULMONARY MEDICINE English Article cystic fibrosis; ferret; mouse; pathology; pathophysiology; pig TRACHEAL SUBMUCOSAL GLANDS; AIRWAY SURFA CE DEHYDRATION; MOUSE MODELS; ION-TRANSPORT; CFTR GENE; DISEASE; PIGS; MICE; SEC RETION; PATHOLOGY Purpose of review Cystic fibrosis is the first human gen etic disease to benefit from the directed engineering of three different species of animal models (mice, pigs, and ferrets). Recent studies on the cystic fibros is pig and ferret models are providing new information about the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis in various organ systems. Additionally, new conditional cyst ic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) knockout mice are teachin g unexpected lessons about CFTR function in surprising cellular locations. Compa risons between these animal models and the human condition are key to dissecting the complexities of disease pathophysiology in cystic fibrosis. Recent findings Cystic fibrosis pigs and ferrets have provided new models to study the spontane ous development of disease in the lung and pancreas, two organs that are largely spared overt spontaneous disease in cystic fibrosis mice. New cystic fibrosis m ouse models are now interrogating CFTR functions involved in growth and inflamma tion at an organ-based level using conditional knockout technology. Together, th ese models are providing new insights on the human condition. Summary Basic and clinical cystic fibrosis research will benefit greatly from the comparative path ophysiology of cystic fibrosis mice, pigs, and ferrets. Both similarities and di fferences between these three cystic fibrosis models will inform pathophysiologi cally important mechanisms of CFTR function in humans and aid in the development of both organ-specific and general therapies for cystic fibrosis. [Keiser, NW; Engelhardt, JF] Univ Iowa, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Carver Coll Med, Iowa Cit y, IA 52242 USA; [Engelhardt, JF] Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA; [Engelhardt, JF] Univ Iowa, Ctr Gene Therapy Cyst Fibr osis & Other Genet Dis, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA Engelhar dt, JF (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Carver Coll Med, Room 1-111,Bowen Sci Bldg,51 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA john-engelhardt@ uiowa.edu NIH[DK047967, HL091842, R24DK091211, RC1HL099516]; Cystic Fibros is Foundation Authors thank Dr Mitchell Drumm for his advice regarding conditi onal cystic fibrosis mouse models. Funding sources are the NIH (DK047967, HL0918 42, R24DK091211, and RC1HL099516) and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 54 0 0 LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PHILADELPHIA 530 WALN UT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA 1070-5287 CURR OPIN PULM M ED Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. NOV 2011 17 6 478 483 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834b14c9 6 Respiratory System Respiratory System 825ZK WOS:000295320700014 J Watling, JI; Hickman, CR; Orrock, JL Watling, James I.; Hickman, Caleb R.; Orrock, John L. Invasive shrub alters na tive forest amphibian communities BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION English Article Amphibians; Habitat; Invasive pl ant; Lonicera maackii; Microclimate; Litho bates clamitans EXOTIC PLANT INV ASIONS; LONICERA-MAACKII; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; PERFORMANCE; ECOLOGY; HABITAT; SA LAMANDERS; ABUNDANCE; RESPONSES; BEHAVIOR Although invasive plants can hav e transformative effects on native plant communities, studies of the consequence s of plant invasion for native fauna are generally restricted to primary consume rs. Here we investigate whether an invasive shrub, Lonicera maackii, impacts nat ive amphibians and evaluate evidence for the role of invasive plant-induced alte ration of forest understory microclimate as a mechanism driving amphibian respon ses to L maackii invasion. We sampled amphibian communities in forest plots with high or low density of L. maackii, and monitored microclimate (temperature and humidity at ground level) in the same forest plots. Amphibian species richness a
nd evenness were lower in invaded plots. Invasion also resulted in shifts in amp hibian species composition. Mean daily maximum temperature and mean daily temper ature were lower in invaded plots, and counts of the Green frog Litho bates clam itans were marginally negatively related to mean daily temperature. Our work ill ustrates how an invasive ecosystem engineer may affect native organisms with whi ch it shares no trophic connection, and suggests that changes in microclimate ma y be one mechanism by which alien plants affect communities where they invade. ( C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Watling, JI] Washington Univ, S t Louis, MO 63130 USA; [Hickman, CR; Orrock, JL] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madi son, WI 53706 USA Watling, JI (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdal e Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA
[email protected] Washington University We thank M. Kim, E. Lee and K. Wang for assistance in th e field, and the SURF Program at Washington University for providing partial sup port for E. Lee and K. Wang. We appreciate the support for our work provided by J. Vogel and L Bollmann at the Busch Conservation Area. M. Craig, A. Duval, M. M elnechuk, K. Powell, M. Schuler and three anonymous reviewers provided helpful s uggestions on the manuscript. 36 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0006-3207 BIOL CONSERV Biol. Conserv. NOV 2011 144 11 2597 2601 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.07 .005 5 Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmenta l Sciences Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 827QL WOS:000295442900006 J Hacker, HG; Sisay, MT; Gutschow, M Haecker, Hans-Georg; Sisay, Mihiret Tekeste; Guetschow, Michael Allosteric modul ation of caspases PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS English Review Apoptosis; Allosteric inhibitors; Caspases; Cysteine proteases; Enzyme activator s; Inflammation; Cancer INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA CONVERTING-ENZYME; SMALL-MOLECULE INH IBITORS; SELECTIVE NONPEPTIDE INHIBITORS; ISATIN SULFONAMIDE ANALOGS; VIRAL SERP IN CRMA; STRUCTURAL BASIS; CYSTEINE PROTEASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CELL-DEATH; INVITRO Caspases are proteolytic enzymes mainly involved in the induction and ex ecution phases of apoptosis. This type of programmed cell death is an essential regulatory process required to maintain the integrity and homeostasis of multice llular organisms. Inappropriate apoptosis is attributed a key role in many human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, ischemic damage, autoimmune di seases and cancer. Allosteric modulation of the function of a protein occurs whe n the regulatory trigger, such as the binding of a small effector or inhibitor m olecule, takes place some distance from the protein's active site. In recent yea rs. several caspases have been identified that possess allosteric sites and bind ing of small molecule to these sites resulted in the modulation of enzyme activi ties. Regulation of caspase activity by small molecule allosteric modulators is believed to be of great therapeutic importance. In this review we give brief hig hlights on recent developments in identifying and characterizing natural and syn thetic allosteric inhibitors as well as activators of caspases and discuss their potential in drug discovery and protein engineering. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [Hacker, HG; Sisay, MT; Gutschow, M] Univ Bonn, Inst Pha rmaceut, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; [Sisay, MT] Univ Bonn, Limes Program Unit Chem B iol & Med Chem, B IT, Dept Life Sci Informat, D-53113 Bonn, Germany Gutschow , M (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Inst Pharmaceut, Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Ger many
[email protected] Dr. August und Dr. Anni Lesmuller-Stiftung, Muni ch H.-G. H. thanks Dr. August und Dr. Anni Lesmuller-Stiftung, Munich, for financial support. 119 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENC E LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAN D 0163-7258 PHARMACOL THERAPEUT Pharmacol. Ther. NOV 2011 132 2 180 195 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.07.003 16 Pharmacology & P harmacy Pharmacology & Pharmacy 827MX WOS:000295433700005 J Sinikovic, B; Schumann, P; Winkler, M; Kuestermeyer, J; Tavassol, F; von See, C; Carvalho, C; Mulhaupt, R; Bormann, KH; Kokemueller, H; Meyer-Lindenberg , A; Laschke, MW; Menger, MD; Gellrich, NC; Rucker, M
Sinikovic, Branko; Schumann, Paul; Winkler, Meike; Kuestermeyer, Julian; Tavasso l, Frank; von See, Constantin; Carvalho, Carlos; Muelhaupt, Rolf; Bormann, Kai-H endrik; Kokemueller, Horst; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea; Laschke, Matthias W.; Meng er, Michael D.; Gellrich, Nils-Claudius; Ruecker, Martin Calvaria bone chamber-A new model for intravital assessment of osseous angiogenesis JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article bone chamber; mouse; intravital fluorescence microscopy; bone tissue engineering ; skull; dura mater; PLGA scaffold ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; OSTEOBLASTLIKE CELLS; MARROW IN-VIVO; STRIATED-MUSCLE; HEMATOPOIETIC-CELLS; SCAFFOLDS; MIC ROSCOPY; VITRO; BLOOD; PROLIFERATION The faith of tissue engineered bone repl acing constructs depends on their early supply with oxygen and nutrients, and th us on a rapid vascularization. Although some models for direct observation of an giogenesis are described, none of them allows the observation of new vessel form ation in desmal bone. Therefore, we developed a new chamber model suitable for q uantitative in vivo assessment of the vascularization of bone substitutes by int ravital fluorescence microscopy. In the parietal calvaria of 32 balb/c mice a cr itical size defect was set. Porous 3D-poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-blocks were inserted into 16 osseous defects (groups 3 and 4) while other 16 osseous d efects remained unequipped (groups 1 and 2). By placing a polyethylene membrane onto the dura mater, the angiogenesis was mainly restricted to the osseous margi ns (groups 2 and 4). Microvascular density, angiogenesis, and microcirculatory p arameters were evaluated repetitively during 22 days. In all animals, only a mil d inflammatory reaction was observed with a climax after 2 weeks. The implantati on of PLGA scaffolds resulted in a vascular growth directed towards the center o f the defect as demonstrated by the significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced central mi crovascular densitiy from day 3 to day 22 when compared with unequipped chambers . The additional application of polyethylene membrane was found to reduce signif icantly the microvessel density mainly in the center of both scaffolds and defec ts. The present calvaria bone chamber allows for the first time to assess quanti tatively the angiogenesis arising from desmal bone directly in vivo. Therefore, this chronic model may support the future research in the biological adequacy of bone substitutes. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 9 9A: 151-157, 2011. [Sinikovic, B; Schumann, P; Winkler, M; Kuestermeyer, J; Tavassol, F; von See, C; Kokemueller, H; Gellrich, NC; Rucker, M] Hannover Med Sch, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; [Carvalho, C; Mu lhaupt, R; Bormann, KH] Univ Freiburg, Freiburg Inst Mat Res & Macromol Chem, D79104 Freiburg, Germany; [Meyer-Lindenberg, A] Univ Vet Med Hannover, D-30559 Ha nnover, Germany; [Laschke, MW; Menger, MD] Univ Saarland, Inst Clin & Expt Surg, D-66421 Homburg, Germany Sinikovic, B (reprint author), Hannover Med Sch, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, D-30625 Hannover, Germany sinikovic.branko @mh-hannover.de Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft[RU 1224/1-1, GE 820/6-1] Contract grant sponsor: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; contract grant numbers: RU 1224/1-1, GE 820/6-1 40 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 151 157 10.1002/jbm.a.32955 7 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 823RQ WOS:000295142400001 J Wattamwar, PP; Hardas, SS; Butterfield, DA; Anderson, KW; Dziubla, TD Wattamwar, Paritosh P.; Hardas, Sarita S.; Butterfield, D. Allan; Anderson, Kimb erly W.; Dziubla, Thomas D. Tuning of the pro-oxidant and antioxidan t activity of trolox through the controlled release from biodegradable poly(trol ox ester) polymers JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article oxidative stress; antiox idant polymers; trolox; nanoparticles; biocompatibility OXIDATIVE STRESS; IN-VIT RO; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; PROTEIN OXIDATION; REDOX STATE; VITAMIN-C; CELLS; NEUR OTOXICITY; CULTURES; DAMAGE In a variety of biomedical applications (e.g., t issue engineering, drug delivery, etc.), the role of a bioactive material is to serve as a platform by which one can modulate the cellular response into a desir ed role. Of the methods by which one may achieve this control (e.g., shape, stru
cture, binding, growth factor release), the control of the cellular redox state has been under evaluated. Ideally, the ability to tune the redox state of a cell provides an additional level of control over a variety of cellular responses in cluding, cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Yet, in order to ac hieve such control, it is important to know both the overall oxidative status of the cell and what molecular targets are being oxidized. In this work, poly (tro lox ester) nanoparticles were evaluated for their ability to either inhibit or i nduce cellular oxidative stress in a dose-dependent fashion. This polymer delive ry form possessed a unique ability to suppress protein oxidation, a feature not seen in the free drug form, emphasizing the advantage of the delivery/dosage for mulation has upon regulating cellular response. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 184-191, 2011. [Wattamwar, PP; Anderson, KW; Dz iubla, TD] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA; [Hardas , SS; Butterfield, DA] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA; [Butte rfield, DA] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Membrane Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA Dziubla, TD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 U SA
[email protected] University of Kentucky Research Foundation; Offi ce of Naval Research (ONR DEPSCoR) Contract grant sponsors: University of K entucky Research Foundation; Office of Naval Research (ONR DEPSCoR) 45 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biome d. Mater. Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 184 191 10.1002/jbm.a.33174 8 Engineer ing, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials S cience 823RQ WOS:000295142400005 J Li, ZH; Kreiner, M; Edrada-Ebel, R; Cui, ZF; van der Walle, CF; Mardon, HJ Li, Zhaohui; Kreiner, Michaela; Edrada-Ebel, RuA ngelie; Cui, Zhanfeng; van der Walle, Christopher F.; Mardon, Helen J. Perfusion culture enhanced human endometrial stromal cell growth in alginate-mul tivalent integrin alpha 5 beta 1 ligand scaffolds JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MA TERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article functional alginate; endometrium; tissue engineering; fibronectin; perfusion mic robioreactor 10TH FIII DOMAINS; HUMAN FIBRONECTIN; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; BIORE ACTOR SYSTEM; MATRIX PRODUCTION; ADHESION; TISSUE; HYDROGELS; PROTEIN; DESIGN A method to functionalize alginate by introducing monomeric or self-assembling ( tetrameric) fibronectin (FN) domains is described, leading to a functional scaff old, which is used for three dimensional (3D) culture of human endometrial strom al cells (EnSCs). EnSCs encapsulated in the functional alginate were cultured un der perfusion using the TissueFlex (R) platform, a multiple parallel microbiorea ctor system for 3D cell culture. The effect of the novel scaffold and the effect of perfusion were examined. Cell viability, proliferation, and extracellular ma trix (ECM) deposition were determined and the results compared with those obtain ed with cells encapsulated in non-functionalized alginate, and also those withou t perfusion. Staining for focal adhesions and actin showed maximal cell adhesion only for alginate-tetrameric FN scaffolds under perfusion, associated with a si gnificant increase in cell number over 7 days culture; in contrast to poor cell adhesion and a decrease in cell number for non-functionalized alginate scaffolds (irrespective of perfused/static culture) and 3D static culture (irrespective o f the scaffold). Conjugation of alginate to FN was an absolute requirement to at tenuate the loss of cell metabolic activity over 7 days culture. ECM deposition for blank alginate and alginate-monomeric FN was similar, but increased around 2 -fold and 3-fold for alginate-tetrameric FN under static and perfusion culture, respectively. It is concluded that the requirement for EnSC engagement with mult ivalent integrin alpha 5 beta 1 ligands and perfused culture are both essential as a first step toward endometrial tissue engineering. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodical s, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 211-220, 2011. [Kreiner, M; Edrada-Ebel , R; van der Walle, CF] Univ Strathclyde, Inst Pharm & Biomed Sci, Glasgow G4 0R E, Lanark, Scotland; [Li, ZH; Mardon, HJ] Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuff ield Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Oxford OX3 9DU, England; [Cui, ZF] Univ Oxford, Dep t Engn Sci, Inst Biomed Engn, Oxford OX3 7DQ, England van der Walle, CF (repri
nt author), Univ Strathclyde, Inst Pharm & Biomed Sci, 161 Cathedral St, Glasgow G4 0RE, Lanark, Scotland
[email protected];
[email protected] x.ac.uk Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council[BB/D522497/1]; Me dical Research Council Contract grant sponsor: Biotechnology and Biological Sci ences Research Council; contract grant number: BB/D522497/1Contract grant sponso r: Medical Research Council Milstein Fund 49 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 211 220 10.1002/jbm.a.33177 10 Engineering, Biomedical; Materia ls Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 823RQ WOS:0002 95142400008 J Ng, KK; Thatte, HS; Spector, M Ng, Karen K.; Th atte, Hemant S.; Spector, Myron Chondrogenic differentiation of adult me senchymal stem cells and embryonic cells in collagen scaffolds JOURNAL OF BIOME DICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article cartilage tissue engineering; mesenchymal stem cell; embryonic cell; collagen sc affold SMOOTH-MUSCLE ACTIN; CARCINOMA-CELLS; IN-VITRO; CROSS-LINKING; PROGENITO R CELLS; RETINOIC ACID; GAG SCAFFOLDS; MARROW; MODEL; CONTRACTION Many cel l types and cellular microenvironments have been explored for articular cartilag e tissue engineering. We compared the potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchym al stem cells (MSCs) and P19 embryonic carcinoma cells (ECCs), a pluripotent der ivative of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), for cartilage histogenesis in porous col lagen scaffolds in vitro. We found that while both MSCs and ECCs express alpha-s mooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), only MSCs exhibit condensation and contraction n ecessary for cartilage histogenesis. Furthermore, histology confirmed that only MSCs exhibited sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagen type II formation after 14 days in culture. We conclude that MSCs appear to be superior over ECCs for ca rtilage regeneration under particular culture conditions. The alpha-SMA-expressi ng ECCs may not have contracted due to the absence of actin unit polymerization or the absence of myosin molecules. Our observations may explain the absence of a contractile scar in fetal wound healing. 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 275-282, 2011. [Ng, KK; Spector, M] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA; [Ng, KK; Thatte, HS; Spector, M] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, M A 02130 USA; [Thatte, HS; Spector, M] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Ho sp, Boston, MA 02115 USA Spector, M (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachuset ts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[email protected] Department of Ve terans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration; Rehabilitation Research and Deve lopment Service Contract grant sponsors: Department of Veterans Affairs, Veteran s Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service 34 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biome d. Mater. Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 275 282 10.1002/jbm.a.33163 8 Engineer ing, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials S cience 823RQ WOS:000295142400015 J Kheir, E; Stapleton, T; Shaw, D; Jin, ZM; Fisher, J; Ingham, E Kheir, Ehab; Stapleton, Thomas; Shaw, David; Jin, Zhongmin; Fisher, John; Ingham , Eileen Development and characterization of an acellular porcine cartilage bone matrix for use in tissue engineering JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MA TERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article cartilage; decellularization; scaffold; osteochondral graft; substitute ARTICULA R-CARTILAGE; OSTEOCHONDRAL ALLOGRAFTS; SULFATED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS; IMMUNOLOGICA L RESPONSES; BIPHASIC INDENTATION; KNEE; DEFECTS; REPAIR; TRANSPLANTATION; HYDRO XYPROLINE The aim of this study was to develop a technique to decellulariz e a porcine cartilage bone construct with view to using this as a biological sca ffold for cartilage substitution. The decellularization protocol applied freeze/ thaw cycles; this was followed by cyclic incubation in hypotonic tris buffer and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate in hypotonic buffer plus protease inhibitors. Nucleases (RNase and DNase) were used to digest nucleic acids followed by disin
fection using 0.1% (v/v) peracetic acid. Histological analysis confirmed the abs ence of visible cells within the decellularized tissue. DNA analysis revealed th e near-complete removal of genomic DNA from the decellularized tissues. The dece llularization process had minimal effect on the collagen content of the cartilag e. However, there was a significant reduction in the glycosaminoglycan content i n the decellularized tissues. There was no evidence of the expression of the maj or xenogeneic epitope, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose. Biomechanical indentation testing of decellularized tissues showed a significant change in comparison to t he fresh cartilage. This was presumed to be caused by the reduction in the glyco saminoglycan content. Biocompatibility of the acellular scaffold was determined using contact cytotoxicity assays and a galactosyltransferase knockout mouse mod el. Decellularized porcine cartilage tissue was found to exhibit favorable compa tibility in both in vitro and in vivo tests. In conclusion, this study has gener ated data on the production of an acellular cartilage bone matrix scaffold for u se in osteochondral defect repair. To our knowledge, this is the first study tha t has successfully removed whole cells and alpha-gal from xenogeneic cartilage a nd bone tissue. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 283-294, 2011. [Kheir, E; Stapleton, T; Jin, ZM; Fisher, J; Ingham, E] Univ Lee ds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England; [Shaw, D] Bradford Teaching Hosp NHS Trust, Bra dford, W Yorkshire, England Kheir, E (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England
[email protected] EPSRC; Leeds Centre of Excellenc e in Medical Engineering; WELMEC; Wellcome Trust; EPSRC[088908/Z/09/Z]; Leeds Mu sculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (LMBRU); NIHR Contract grant sponsors: EPSRC, The Leeds Centre of Excellence in Medical Engineering, WELMEC, Wellcome Trust and EPSRC; contract grant number: 088908/Z/09/ZContract grant sponsors: Le eds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit (LMBRU), NIHR 46 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biomed. Mater . Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 283 294 10.1002/jbm.a.33171 12 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 823RQ WOS:000295142400016 J Novajra, G; Vitale-Brovarone, C; Knowles, JC; Maina, G; Aina, V; Ghigo, D; Bergandi, L Novajra, G.; Vitale-Brovarone, C.; Knowl es, J. C.; Maina, G.; Aina, V.; Ghigo, D.; Bergandi, L. Effects of TiO(2 )-containing phosphate glasses on solubility and in vitro biocompatibility JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article phosphate glasses; dissolution; titanium dioxide; cytotoxicity; human MG-63 oste oblasts CONTROLLED-RELEASE GLASSES; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; INVERT GLASSES; AQU EOUS-MEDIUM; TITANIUM; DISSOLUTION; DEGRADATION; KINETICS; FIBERS; SYSTEM Phosphate-based glasses with different amounts of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), hav ing the following molar composition 50P(2)O(5)-30CaO-9Na(2)O-3SiO(2)-3MgO-(5-x) K(2)O-xTiO(2), (where x = 0, 2.5, 5 mol %), were synthesised and characterized i n terms of solubility (according to ISO 10993-14), and in vitro biocompatibility using human MG-63 osteoblast cells. Dissolution tests were carried out in TrisHCl (pH 7.4) to simulate the physiological pH and in citric acid (pH 3.0) to sim ulate an acidic environment. The weight loss decreased with increasing TiO(2) co ntent, a process further enhanced in acidic medium. TiO(2) reduced the pH change s usually caused by the dissolution products released. Cellular tests showed tha t all the glasses studied (0-5 mol % TiO(2)) and TiCl(4), used to investigate th e biocompatibility of titanium ions, did not produce cytotoxic effects on human MG-63 osteoblasts for up to 5 days in culture. On the basis of these results, we suggest that TiO(2)-containing phosphate glasses could be promising substrates for bone tissue engineering applications. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Bio med Mater Res Part A: 99A: 295-306, 2011. [Novajra, G; Vitale-Brovarone, C ] Politecn Torino, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, I-10129 Turin, Italy; [Knowles, JC] UCL, Eastman Dent Inst, Div Biomat & Tissue Engn, London WC1X 8LD, England; [Kn owles, JC] Dankook Univ, WCU Res Ctr Nanobiomed Sci, Cheonan Si 330714, Chungnam , South Korea; [Maina, G] Univ Turin, Traumatol Orthopaed & Occupat Med Dept, I10126 Turin, Italy; [Aina, V] Univ Turin, Dept Chem IFM, I-10125 Turin, Italy; [
Aina, V] Univ Turin, Ctr Excellence NIS, I-10125 Turin, Italy; [Ghigo, D; Bergan di, L] Univ Turin, Dept Genet Biol & Biochem, I-10126 Turin, Italy Vitale-B rovarone, C (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Corso D uca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy
[email protected] National Researc h Foundation of Korea (NRF), Ministry of Education, Science and Technology[R31-1 0069]; Regione Piemonte (Ricerca Sanitaria Finalizzata); National Research Found ation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology[R31-10069] Contract grant sponsor: WCU Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Ministry of Education, Science and Technology; contract grant numbe r: R31-10069Contract grant sponsor: Regione Piemonte (Ricerca Sanitaria Finalizz ata)The authors want to thank Dott. Bergo and Dott. Spinelli for the ICP-MS and GFAAS measurements. This work was supported in part (JCK) by WCU Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Educa tion, Science and Technology (No. R31-10069). 34 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 295 306 10.1002/jbm.a.33186 12 Engineering, Biomedical; Materia ls Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 823RQ WOS:0002 95142400017 J Prosecka, E; Rampichova, M; Vojtova, L; Tvrdik, D; Melcakova, S; Juhasov a, J; Plencner, M; Jakubova, R; Jancar, J; Necas, A; Kochova, P; Klepacek, J; To nar, Z; Amler, E Prosecka, E.; Rampichova, M.; Vo jtova, L.; Tvrdik, D.; Melcakova, S.; Juhasova, J.; Plencner, M.; Jakubova, R.; Jancar, J.; Necas, A.; Kochova, P.; Klepacek, J.; Tonar, Z.; Amler, E. Optimized conditions for mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblast s on a collagen/hydroxyapatite matrix JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article collagen /HA scaffold; MSCs; osteoblasts; pore size; mechanical testing BONE TISSUE REGE NERATION; COLLAGEN SCAFFOLDS; ENGINEERED BONE; HYDROXYAPATITE; BIOMATERIALS; CAR TILAGE; OSTEOGENESIS; CARBONATE; SURFACE Collagen/hydroxyapatite (HA) com posite scaffolds are known to be suitable scaffolds for seeding with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiated into osteoblasts and for the in vitro producti on of artificial bones. However, the optimal collagen/HA ratio remains unclear. Our study confirmed that a higher collagen content increased scaffold stiffness but that a greater stiffness was not sufficient for bone tissue formation, a com plex process evidently also dependent on scaffold porosity. We found that the sc affold pore diameter was dependent on the concentration of collagen and HA and t hat it could play a key role in cell seeding. In conclusion, the optimal scaffol d for new bone formation and cell proliferation was found to be a composite scaf fold formed from 50 wt % HA in 0.5 wt % collagen I solution. (C) 2011 Wiley Peri odicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 307-315, 2011. [Prosecka, E; Ra mpichova, M; Plencner, M; Jakubova, R; Amler, E] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst E xpt Med, Dept Tissue Engn, Prague 14240, Czech Republic; [Prosecka, E; Rampichov a, M; Plencner, M; Jakubova, R; Amler, E] Charles Univ Prague, Inst Biophys, Pra gue 15006 5, Motol, Czech Republic; [Vojtova, L; Jancar, J] Tech Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Fac Chem, Brno 61200, Czech Republic; [Tvrdik, D; Melcakova, S] Charles Uni v Prague, Inst Pathol, Dept Mol Pathol, Prague 12800, Czech Republic; [Juhasova, J] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Anim Physiol & Genet, Dept Cell Regenerat & Pl ast, Libechov 27721, Czech Republic; [Necas, A] Univ Vet & Pharmaceut Sci, Fac V et Med, Small Anim Clin, Dept Surg & Orthopaed, Brno 61242, Czech Republic; [Koc hova, P; Klepacek, J; Tonar, Z] Univ W Bohemia, Fac Sci Appl, Dept Mech, Plzen 3 0614, Czech Republic Prosecka, E (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, I nst Expt Med, Dept Tissue Engn, Videnska 1083, Prague 14240, Czech Republic
[email protected] Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic[AV0Z50390703, AV0Z50390512]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic[NPV II 2B06130, 1M0510, P304/10/1307, 4977751303]; Grant Agency of the Academy of S ciences[IAA500390702]; Czech Science Foundation[GA202/09/1151]; EU[7E09088]; Gra nt Agency of the Charles University[119009, 96610, 119209, 97110, 80009]; Grant Agency of Czech Republic[106/09/P226]; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republ
ic[ME 10145] Contract grant sponsor: Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republi c; contract grant numbers: AV0Z50390703, AV0Z50390512.Contract grant sponsor: Mi nistry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic; contract grant numb ers: NPV II 2B06130, 1M0510, P304/10/1307, 4977751303.Contract grant sponsor: Gr ant Agency of the Academy of Sciences; contract grant number: IAA500390702.Contr act grant sponsor: Czech Science Foundation; contract grant number: GA202/09/115 1.Contract grant sponsor: EU Project BIOSCENT; contract grant number: 7E09088.Co ntract grant sponsor: The Grant Agency of the Charles University; contract grant numbers: 119009, 96610, 119209, 97110, 80009.Contract grant sponsor: Grant Agen cy of Czech Republic; contract grant number: 106/09/P226.Contract grant sponsor: The Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (project ERA-NET CARSILA); cont ract grant number: ME 10145 31 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 307 315 10.1002/jbm.a.33189 9 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 823RQ WOS:000295142400018 J Yu, YX; Deng, C; Meng, FH; Shi, Q; Feijen, J; Zhong, ZY Yu, Yuexin; Deng, Chao; Meng, Fenghua; Shi, Qin; Feijen, Jan; Zhong, Zhiyuan Novel injectable biodegradable glycol chitosan-based hydrogels crosslinked by Mi chael-type addition reaction with oligo(acryloyl carbonate)-b-poly(ethylene glyc ol)-b-oligo(acryloyl carbonate) copolymers JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A English Article biodegradable hydrogels; injectable; chitosan; Michael addition; tissue engineer ing TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS; DEGRADABLE DEXTRAN HYDROGELS; BIOMEDICA L APPLICATIONS; PEG HYDROGELS; ANTITUMOR EFFICACY; CLICK CHEMISTRY; DRUG-DELIVER Y; SITU; HYALURONAN; RELEASE Novel injectable biodegradable glycol chitosan h ydrogels were developed based on thiolated glycol chitosan (GC-SH) and water sol uble oligo(acryloyl carbonate)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-oligo(acryloyl carbonat e) (OAC-PEG-OAC) triblock copolymers via Michael-type addition reaction. The rhe ology measurements showed that robust hydrogels were formed rapidly upon mixing aqueous solutions of GC-SH and OAC-PEG-OAC at remarkably low total polymer conce ntrations of 1.5-4.5 wt % under physiological conditions. The gelation times (va rying from 10 s to 17 min) and storage moduli (100 to 4300 Pa) of hydrogels coul d be controlled by degrees of substitution (DS) of GC-SH, solution pH, and polym er concentration. These glycol chitosan hydrogels had microporous structures, lo w swelling and slow hydrolytic degradation (stable for over 6 months) under phys iological conditions. Notably, these hydrogels were prone to enzymatic degradati on with lysozyme. The multiple acryloyl functional groups of OAC-PEG-OAC allowed facile conjugation with thiol-containing biomolecules prior to gelation endowin g hydrogels with specific bioactivity. The preliminary cell culture studies reve aled that these glycol chitosan hydrogels were cell non-adhesive while Gly-Arg-G ly-Asp-Cys (GRGDC) peptide modified hydrogels could well support adhesion and gr owth of both MG63 osteoblast and L929 fibroblast cells. These rapidly in situ fo rming enzymatically biodegradable hybrid hydrogels have great potentials in the development of injectable cell-specific bioactive extracellular matrices for tis sue engineering. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A : 316-326, 2011. [Yu, YX; Deng, C; Meng, FH; Feijen, J; Zhong, ZY] Soocho w Univ, Biomed Polymers Lab, Coll Chem Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Suzhou 215123, Peopl es R China; [Yu, YX; Deng, C; Meng, FH; Feijen, J; Zhong, ZY] Soochow Univ, Jian gsu Key Lab Adv Funct Polymer Design & Applic, Coll Chem Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Su zhou 215123, Peoples R China; [Yu, YX; Deng, C; Meng, FH; Feijen, J; Zhong, ZY] Soochow Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Coll Chem Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Suzhou 215 123, Peoples R China; [Shi, Q] Soochow Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Orthopaed S urg, Suzhou 215006, Peoples R China Zhong, ZY (reprint author), Soochow Univ , Biomed Polymers Lab, Coll Chem Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R C hina
[email protected] National Natural Science Foundation of China[NSF C 51003070, 50703028, 20974073, 50973078, 20874070]; Priority Academic Program D evelopment of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; Innovative Research Team of Soochow University Contract grant sponsor: National Natural Science Foundat
ion of China; contract grant numbers: NSFC 51003070, 50703028, 20974073, 5097307 8, 20874070Contract grant sponsors: Priority Academic Program Development of Jia ngsu Higher Education Institutions, The Program of Innovative Research Team of S oochow University 41 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1549-3296 J BIOMED MATER RES A J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A NOV 2011 99A 2 316 326 10.1002/jbm.a.33199 11 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 823RQ WOS:000295142400019 J Castronuovo, MM Castronuovo, Marco M. Active space debris removal-A preliminary mission analysis and design ACTA AST RONAUTICA English Article Space debris; Removal; Capture; Low Earth orbit (LEO) The active remov al of five to ten large objects per year from the low Earth orbit (LEO) region i s the only way to prevent the debris collisions from cascading. Among the three orbital regions near the Earth where most catastrophic collisions are predicted to occur, the one corresponding to a sun-synchronous condition is considered the most relevant. Forty-one large rocket bodies orbiting in this belt have been id entified as the priority targets for removal. As part of a more comprehensive sy stem engineering solution, a space mission dedicated to the de-orbiting of five rocket bodies per year from this orbital regime has been designed. The selected concept of operations envisages the launch of a satellite carrying a number of d e-orbiting devices, such as solid propellant kits. The satellite performs a rend ezvous with an identified object and mates with it by means of a robotic arm. A de-orbiting device is attached to the object by means of a second robotic arm, t he object is released and the device is activated. The spacecraft travels then t o the next target. The present paper shows that an active debris removal mission capable of de-orbiting 35 large objects in 7 years is technically feasible, and the resulting propellant mass budget is compatible with many existing platforms . (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ASI, I-00198 Rome, Italy Castronuovo, MM (reprint author), ASI, Viale Liegi 26, I-00198 Rome, Italy
[email protected] Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) The present paper is based on the work carried out by the author for the Central Case Project (CCP) of the 12th SpaceTech post-graduate master program on Space Systems Engineering of the Delft University of Technology. The SpaceTech CCP has been partly sponsored by the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) an d developed during the 2009/2010 academic year by the following 12 participants: Marco M. Castronuovo (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana), Fabio Covello (Agenzia Spazia le Italiana), Frank J. de Bruin (European Space Agency), James Geary (European S pace Agency), Simon Hyde (Advanced Operations and Engineering Services), Wolfgan g Jung (Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt), Martin Loesch (Astrium Satel lites GmbH), Francesco Longo (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana), Monica Martinez Fernan dez (Serco Group Plc), Shawn Mason (COM DEV Limited), Kristina Springborn (The B oeing Company), Susanne Wagenbach (Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt). 12 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0094-5765 ACTA ASTRONAUT Acta Astronaut. NOV-DEC 2011 69 9-10 848 859 10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.04.017 12 Engineering, Aerospace Engineering 822SJ WOS:000295069600010 J de Leon, P; Pena, MAS de Leon, Pablo; Sanchez Pena, Miguel Alejandro, Jr. Miguel Sanchez Pena (1925-2009) organize r of the space activities in Argentina ACTA ASTRONAUTICA English Article; Proceedings Paper 61st International Astronautical Congress (IAC) 2010 Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC Argentina; CNIE; Space; Latin Am erica; IIAE; Argentine Air Force One of the most important and ac tive pioneers of the space activities in Argentina was Miguel Sanchez Pena, an a eronautical engineer and an officer of the Argentine Air Force. Sanchez Pena was the organizer of Argentina's governmental space program in the 1970s and part o f the 80s, and contributed immeasurably to the Nation's sounding rocket program. Born in Mendoza, Argentina in 1925, Sanchez Pena attended the Military Aviation
School (Escuela de Aviacion Militar) in Cordoba, and later the Air Force Engine ering School. Graduated as an engineer in 1959 he was sent to the University of Michigan in the United States to complete his graduate studies earning a Masters of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering. There he had the opportunity to stu dy with several future NASA astronauts such as Theodore Freeman, Edward White an d James McDivitt. After his return to Argentina in 1961 he was put in charge of the Space Development Group (Grupo de Desarrollos Espaciales) of the Air Force i n Cordoba. While with the Air Force he managed the development of a family of va rious sounding rockets for high altitude research. Sanchez Pena was also in char ge of the first Argentine rockets launched from Antarctica in 1965, as well as t he first tests on an Argentine-fabricated rocket (Orion) from Wallops Island in the United States, in 1966. The Orion was the first operational sounding rocket constructed in South America. In the middle of the 1970s Miguel Sanchez Pena was named president of the CNIE (National Space Research Commission). Starting with just a modest one-desk office at the Argentine Air Force headquarters, in only a few years he turned CNIE into a multi-center organization with several hundred employees, three operational launch centers across the country and a family of research rockets open to the international scientific community. He was also act ively representing Argentina in many IAF congresses, and was a member of the Int ernational Academy of Astronautics. After leaving CNIE he became president of th e Asociacion Argentina de Ciencias Espaciales (AACE), an IAF Member organization which was the continuation of the space organization created by Teofilo Tabaner a in 1951. Miguel Sanchez Pena was, without doubt, the most active president of CNIE and thanks to his vision, hard work and the international trust he created, his efforts made it possible for Argentina to participate in many cooperative s pace experiments with partners like France, Germany, Peril, the United Kingdom a nd the United States. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [de Leon , P] Argentine Assoc Space Technol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina; Inst Nacl Newbe riano, Chubut, Argentina de Leon, P (reprint author), Argentine Assoc Spa ce Technol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
[email protected] 0 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0094-5765 ACTA ASTRONAUT Acta Astronaut. NOV-DEC 2011 69 9-10 892 898 10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.04.005 7 Engineering, Aerospace Engineering 822SJ WOS:000295069600014 J Hu, SL; Huang, ZH Hu, Sheng-Long; Huang, Z heng-Hai Alternating direction method for bi-quadratic programmin g JOURNAL OF GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION English Article Alternating direction method; Bi-quadratic programming; Quadratic semidefinite p rogramming INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; OPTIMIZATION; APPROXIMATION; TEN SORS; CONES Bi-quadratic programming (Bi-QP for short) was studied systemati cally in Ling et al. (SIAM J. Optim. 20:1286-1320, 2009) due to its various appl ications in engineering as well as optimization. Several approximation methods w ere given in the same paper since it is NP-hard. In this paper, we introduce a q uadratic SDP relaxation of Bi-QP and discuss the approximation ratio of the meth od. In particular, by exploiting the favorite structure of the quadratic SDP rel axation, we propose an alternating direction method for solving such a problem a nd show that the method is globally convergent without any assumption. Some prel iminary numerical results are reported which show the effectiveness of the metho d proposed in this paper. [Hu, SL; Huang, ZH] Tianjin Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Math, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China Huang, ZH (reprint author), Tianjin Univ , Sch Sci, Dept Math, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China
[email protected]; hua
[email protected] National Natural Science Foundation of China[10871144] This work is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of C hina (Grant No. 10871144). 30 0 0 SPRINGER DORDRECHT VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS 0925-500 1 J GLOBAL OPTIM J. Glob. Optim. NOV 2011 51 3 429 446 10.1007/s10898-010-9635-4 18 Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied Operations Resea rch & Management Science; Mathematics 824BP WOS:000295174900004
J Zhou, ZD; Liu, Q; Ai, QS; Xu, C Zhou ZuDe; Liu Q uan; Ai QingSong; Xu Cheng Intelligent monitoring and diagnosis for modern mechanical equipment based on the integration of embedded technology and FBGS technology MEASUREMENT English Article Embedded based technology and system; Fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBGS); Modern mechanical equipment (MME); Intelligent monitoring and diagnosis; High-speed dem odulation system; Embedded integration system BRAGG GRATING SENSOR The embe dded technology as a technological fundament plays an important role in the inte lligent monitoring and diagnosis for modern mechanical equipment (MME). The fibe r Bragg grating sensor (FBGS) technology has been rapidly applied to most of the industrial and mechanical engineering fields in recent years. This paper focuse s on the new principle and new method of intelligent monitoring and diagnosis sy stem for MME based on the integration of embedded technology and FBGS technology . According to the principle of embedded technology, the embedded network and fi eldbus gateway for the integration of monitoring and diagnosis system are invest igated, and the embedded high-speed demodulation is studied. Based on FBGS, the new embedded sensor for online state monitoring of MME is introduced. Moreover, the embedded sensing signal processing and data transmission, which can meet the requirements of multi-parameter measurement, synchronous sampling and long-term intelligent monitoring for MME, are proposed. In addition, by integrating the F BGS technology and embedded technology, the embedded integration system of intel ligent monitoring and diagnosis for MME is presented. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Zhou, ZD; Liu, Q; Ai, QS; Xu, C] Wuhan Univ Technol, Sc h Informat Engn, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China Ai, QS (reprint author), Wuhan U niv Technol, Sch Informat Engn, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China qingsongai@whut. edu.cn National Natural Science Foundation of China[50935005, 50905133]; Nation al High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) of China This research is funded and supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50935005 and 50905133) and the National High Technology Res earch and Development Program (863 Program) of China. 12 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON , OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0263-2241 MEASUREMENT Measurem ent NOV 2011 44 9 1499 1511 10.1016/j.measurement.2011.05.018 13 Engineering, Mul tidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation Engineering; Instruments & Instr umentation 824IF WOS:000295194900002 J Gomez, E; Maresca, P; Caja, J; Barajas, C; Berzal, M Gomez, E.; Maresca, P.; Caja, J.; Barajas, C.; Berzal, M. Developi ng a new interactive simulation environment with Macromedia Director for teachin g applied dimensional metrology MEASUREMENT English Article DE-learning; Dimensional metrology; Bologna process TECHNOLOGY The purp ose of this paper is to describe the objectives, methodology and structure of a virtual didactic environment developed by the educational research group New Tea ching Methodologies in Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing at the Technical University of Madrid, designed to carry out dimensional metrology practical les sons. This development has allowed teaching to be focused on the student in a DE -learning (driven electronic learning) environment capable of efficiently replac ing the traditional method based on master classes and practical hands-on experi ence with real equipment. In fact, the developed environment directs and assists students, step by step, in their practical experience, proving dynamic and inte ractive through the use of animations, video and audio contributions, connection s with hypertexts and simulations. The model presented in this work seeks a prog ressive adaptation to the new training paradigms, incorporating emerging communi cation technologies so that students can harness an even greater role that has h itherto been untapped, hence approaching one of the objectives in the Bologna pr ocess. The project has been undertaken entirely with the software house Macromed ia: Director MX 2004 and Flash MX 2004, which has afforded the creation of a mul timedia application with animations of the highest quality. Scripting languages (Lingo, JavaScript and ActionScript) have likewise been incorporated, permitting the evolution of even more complex elements for user interaction. The project h
as been undertaken in Spanish and English with a view to meeting the communicati on needs of students in a multicultural environment, in harmony with the framewo rk program for didactic strategies in the European Higher Education Area. (C) 20 11 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Gomez, E; Maresca, P; Caja, J; Barajas, C; Berzal, M] Tech Univ Madrid, Dept Mech Ind Engn, Madrid 28012, Spain Maresca, P (reprint author), Tech Univ Madrid, Dept Mech Ind Engn, Ronda de Vale ncia 3, Madrid 28012, Spain
[email protected];
[email protected]; jesus
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] 47 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0263-2241 MEASUREM ENT Measurement NOV 2011 44 9 1730 1746 10.1016/j.measurement.2011.07.004 17 Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation Engineering; Ins truments & Instrumentation 824IF WOS:000295194900029 J Wu, Q Wu, Qi Fuzzy measurable house o f quality and quality function deployment for fuzzy regression estimation proble m EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS English Article Product design; Time estimation; House of quality; Fuzzy measure; Fuzzy support vector regression machine SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWO RKS; DEVELOPMENT CYCLE TIME; QFD; PREDICTION; ALGORITHM; DESIGN; MODELS; LOGIC In present competitive environment, it is necessary for companies to evaluate de sign time and effort at the early stage of product development. However, there i s somewhat lacking in systemic analytical methods for product design time (PDT). For this end, this paper explores an intelligent method to evaluate the PDT. At the early development stage, designers are short of sufficient product informat ion and have difficulty in determining PDT by subjective evaluation. Thus, a fuz zy measurable house of quality (FM-HOQ) model is proposed to provide measurable engineering information. Quality function deployment (QFD) is combined with a ma pping pattern of "function -> principle -> structure" to extract product charact eristics from customer demands. Then, a fuzzy support vector regression machine (FSVRM) model is built to fuse data and realize the estimation of PDT, which mak es use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to simplify structure. In a word, the w hole estimation method consists of four steps: time factors identification, prod uct characteristics extraction by QFD and function mapping pattern, FSVRM learni ng, and PDT estimation. Finally, to illustrate the procedure of the estimation m ethod, the case of injection mold design is studied. The results of experiments show that the fuzzy method is feasible and effective. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Wu, Q] Southeast Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Nanjing 210096, J iangsu, Peoples R China; [Wu, Q] Southeast Univ, Sch Automat, Minist Educ, Key L ab Measurement & Control CSE, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China Wu, Q (r eprint author), Southeast Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[email protected] China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[2009045115 2]; Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds[0901023C] This res earch is supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20090451152), and J iangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds (0901023C). 31 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0957-4174 EXPERT SYST APPL Expert Syst. Appl. NOV-DEC 2011 38 12 14398 14406 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.04.095 9 Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science Computer Science; Engineering; O perations Research & Management Science 824HQ WOS:000295193400006 J Wang, XT; Xiong, W Wang, Xiao-Tun; Xiong, W ei An integrated linguistic-based group decision-making approach fo r quality function deployment EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS English Article Quality function deploym ent; House of quality; Linguistic variables; Group decision-making; Multi-granul arity PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT; KANOS MODEL; CUSTOMER SATISFACTION; PREFERENCE RELA TIONS; DESIGN REQUIREMENTS; PROGRAMMING MODEL; OWA OPERATORS; TERM SETS; QFD; IM PLEMENTATION Quality function deployment (QFD) is a well-known customer-drive
n approach for new or improved product/service design and development to maximiz e customer satisfaction. A typical QFD analysis process involves a series of gro up decision-making (GDM) processes, such as determination of the importance of c ustomer requirements (CRs), the relationship between CRs and engineering charact eristics (ECs), and the correlation among ECs. Properly handling these GDM proce sses is essential because it will significantly affect the prioritization of ECs , the target value setting of ECs, and the following deployment phases of QFD. D ue to different personal experiences and/or lack of sufficient knowledge and inf ormation, decision-makers who participate in the QFD analysis process tend to pr ovide their opinions by using different types and multi-granularity linguistic i nformation, which are inherently vague and imprecise. Unlike most of the previou s studies, which excessively rely on fuzzy approaches, this study proposes an in tegrated linguistic-based GDM approach, which can compute with words directly an d avoid the risk of loss of information, to cope with multiple types and multi-g ranularity linguistic assessments given by a group of decision-makers in QFD act ivity process. Finally, a numerical example is taken to illustrate the applicabi lity of the proposed approach. The linguistic-based approach can effectively man age the imprecise and vague input information in QFD and facilitate decision-mak ing in product design and development. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. [Wang, XT; Xiong, W] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Management, Dept Enterprises Management, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China; [Wang, XT] Ind & Commercial Bank Ch ina, Zhejiang Prov Branch, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, Peoples R China Xiong, W (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Sch Management, Dept Enterprises Management, H angzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China
[email protected]; zjuquality@y ahoo.com.cn National Natural Science Foundation of China[90718038]; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China[Y7080086]; Zhejiang Provincial S ocial Science Planning Project of China[10CGGL20YBB] This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 9071 8038), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. Y708 0086), and Zhejiang Provincial Social Science Planning Project of China (Project No. 10CGGL20YBB). 48 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENC E LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAN D 0957-4174 EXPERT SYST APPL Expert Syst. Appl. NOV-DEC 2011 38 12 14428 14438 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.04.103 11 Computer Science, Artifi cial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & M anagement Science Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Man agement Science 824HQ WOS:000295193400009 J Yang, ZL; Bonsall, S; Wang, J Yang, Z. L.; Bon sall, S.; Wang, J. Approximate TOPSIS for vessel selection under un certain environment EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS English Article Vessel selection; Interval TOPSI S; Fuzzy set; Degree of belief; MCDM GROUP DECISION-MAKING; EVIDENTIAL REASON ING APPROACH; FUZZY ENVIRONMENT; PREFERENCE RELATIONS; MANAGEMENT; EXTENSIONS The selection of appropriate vessels to carry out shipping activities is crucial for many maritime stakeholders including charterers, shipowners, brokers, surve yors and safety engineers. The task is essentially a process of multiple criteri a decision making (MCDM) under uncertainty requiring analysts to derive rational decisions from ambiguous and incomplete data contained in different quantitativ e and qualitative forms. Fuzzy Techniques for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) have been well documented in the literature and commo nly used in the process of group decision-making under fuzzy environment. While showing the attractiveness in dealing with ambiguous estimates, they have been c riticised to be incapable of modelling incompleteness encountered in decision an alysis. This paper therefore uses the concept of degrees of belief to develop a novel approximate interval TOPSIS approach for overcoming some of the drawbacks of classical fuzzy TOPSIS methods and facilitating the development of reliable v essel selection models under uncertain environment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All r ights reserved. [Yang, ZL; Bonsall, S; Wang, J] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Engn, Liverpool L3 3AF, Merseyside, England Yang, ZL (reprint author), Liver
pool John Moores Univ, Sch Engn, Liverpool L3 3AF, Merseyside, England Z.yang@l jmu.ac.uk 24 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIE R SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB , ENGLAND 0957-4174 EXPERT SYST APPL Expert Syst. App l. NOV-DEC 2011 38 12 14523 14534 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.05.032 12 Computer Science, Artifi cial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & M anagement Science Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Man agement Science 824HQ WOS:000295193400017 J Jin, JH; Park, SC; Pyon, CU Jin, Jae Hoon; P ark, Sang Chan; Pyon, Chong Un Finding research trend of convergence te chnology based on Korean R&D network EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS English Article Social network; Converge nce technology; R&D; Network construction SCIENCE; COOPERATION; KNOWLEDGE Traditionally, collaboration network or citation network is used to answer the o ld question how scientists or engineers interact with each other. This paper int roduces a R&D network to make up the missing aspect of the traditional approache s about using multi-sources and to find out the trend of convergence technology R&D in Korea. We collect data about human resources and national R&D projects fr om Korean national R&D databases, and then construct a weighted network between experts by using meta-data mapping and the network folding technique. And we app ly Newman's grouping algorithm that is generalized to a weighted network for det ecting the community structure of the network. Gathering data from multi-sources is useful to reveal the structure of network rather than to use only one databa se. Lastly, we perform a network analysis to examine important experts. The resu lt shows significant information about research trend and core experts in Korea. We expect this study will be helpful in three ways: (1) how to make a network f rom heterogeneous multi-sources, (2) how to figure out the current situation of convergence technology R&D, (3) how to discover who are important people in Kore an convergence technology R&D network. And this paper is just a cornerstone of t he work to investigate the current situation of national R&D projects in Korea. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Pyon, CU] Korea Inst Machinery & Mat, Dept R&D Policy, Taejon 305343, South Korea; [Jin, JH] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea; [Park, SC] Kyung H ee Univ, Coll Business Adm, Seoul, South Korea Pyon, CU (reprint author), Korea Inst Machinery & Mat, Dept R&D Policy, 156 Gajungbukno, Taejon 305343, South Ko rea
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] 41 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0957-4174 EXPERT SYST APPL Expert Syst. Appl. NOV-DEC 2011 38 12 15159 15171 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.05.088 13 Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science Computer Science; Engineering; O perations Research & Management Science 824HQ WOS:000295193400085 J Cheah, WP; Kim, YS; Kim, KY; Yang, HJ Cheah, W ool Ping; Kim, Yun Seon; Kim, Kyoung-Yun; Yang, Hyung-Jeong Systemat ic causal knowledge acquisition using FCM Constructor for product design decisio n support EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS English Article Causal reasoning; Fuzzy cognitive map; Bayesian belief network; Knowledge acquis ition; Product design knowledge FUZZY COGNITIVE MAPS; BAYESIAN NETWORKS Despite its usefulness, design knowledge is not often captured or documented, and is the refore lost or damaged after a product design is completed. As a way to address this issue, two major formalisms can be used for modeling, representing, and rea soning about causal design knowledge: fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and Bayesian bel ief network (BBN). Although FCM has been used extensively in knowledge engineeri ng, few methodologies exist for systematically constructing it. In this paper, w e present a methodology and application-FCM Constructor-to systematically acquir e design knowledge from domain experts, and to construct a corresponding BBN. To show the system's usability, we use three realistic product design cases to com pare BBNs that are directly generated by domain experts, with BBNs that are gene
rated using the FCM Constructor. We find that the BBN constructed through the FC M Constructor is similar, based on reasoning results, to the BBN constructed dir ectly by specifying conditional probability tables of BBNs. (C) 2011 Elsevier Lt d. All rights reserved. [Yang, HJ] Chonnam Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Gwa ngjusi, South Korea; [Cheah, WP] Multimedia Univ, Fac Informat Sci & Technol, Me laka, Malaysia; [Kim, YS; Kim, KY] Wayne State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Detroi t, MI 48202 USA Yang, HJ (reprint author), Chonnam Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Comp E ngn, Gwangjusi, South Korea
[email protected];
[email protected]; kyk
[email protected];
[email protected] MKE (The Ministry of Knowledge Economy), Korea, under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center); NIPA (National IT Industry Promotion Agency)[NIPA-2011-C1090-1111-0008] This research wa s supported by the MKE (The Ministry of Knowledge Economy), Korea, under the ITR C (Information Technology Research Center) support program supervised by the NIP A (National IT Industry Promotion Agency) (NIPA-2011-C1090-1111-0008). 35 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0957-4174 EXPERT SYST APPL Expert Syst. Appl. NOV-DEC 2011 38 12 15316 15331 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.06.032 16 Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science Computer Science; Engineering; O perations Research & Management Science 824HQ WOS:000295193400102 J Lin, CS; Chen, LS; Hsu, CC Lin, Chin-Sen; C hen, Long-Sheng; Hsu, Chun-Chin An innovative approach for RFID product functions development EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS English Article RFID; New service creation; TRIZ ; Kano analysis QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT; KANOS MODEL; QFD; CLASSIFICATION; T ECHNOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; TRIZ Today, new services creation is very crucial for RFID (radio frequency identification) products manufacturers. A newly successfu l RFID application can enhance their change in organization and to manage growth in an increasingly competitive environment. But, there is a high failure rate i n new products development processes. Thus, RFID manufacturers need an effective tool to assist them to create novel RFID product functions. This study proposes a newly systematic approach called QT-Kano model which integrates three managem ent tools, quality function deployment (QFD), the theory of inventive problem so lving (TRIZ), and a refined Kano's model, to create new product functions of RFI D products. In QT-Kano model, QFD has firstly been used to transform customer de mands into engineering quality characteristics. Secondly, based on the contradic tion relationship between those engineering quality characteristics, the novel d esigned functions are created by TRIZ. Finally, to reduce the high failure rate in new products development processes, a refined Kano's model are applied to off er a better understanding from customer's viewpoint and to assist service design ers focusing on the most important attributes that need to be improved. A real c ase of RFID product function development is demonstrated to show the effectivene ss of the proposed model. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Chen, L S] Chaoyang Univ Technol, Dept Informat Management, Taichung 41349, Taiwan; [Lin , CS] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Ind Engn & Management, Taipei 115, Taiwan; [Hsu, CC] Chaoyang Univ Technol, Dept Ind Engn & Management, Taichung 41349, Tai wan Chen, LS (reprint author), Chaoyang Univ Technol, Dept Informat Manageme nt, 168 Jifong E Rd, Taichung 41349, Taiwan
[email protected]; lschen@cyu t.edu.tw;
[email protected] National Science Council of Taiwan, ROC[NSC 98-2 410-H-324-007-MY2] This work is supported, in part, by the National Science Council of Taiwan, ROC under grant NSC 98-2410-H-324-007-MY2. 32 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0957-4174 EXPERT S YST APPL Expert Syst. Appl. NOV-DEC 2011 38 12 15523 15533 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.06.007 11 Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science Computer Science; Engineering; O perations Research & Management Science 824HQ WOS:000295193400122 J Tungtur, S; Skinner, H; Zhan, HL; Swint-Kruse, L; Beckett, D
Tungtur, Sudheer; Skinner, Harlyn; Zhan, Hongli; Swint-Kruse, Liskin; Beckett, D orothy In vivo tests of thermodynamic models of transcription repressor function BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY English Article LacI; GalR; BirA; Repression; Protein-DNA affinity; Equilibrium ESCHERICHIA-COLI REPRESSOR; PROTEIN-DNA INTERACTIONS; LAC REPRESSOR; BIOTIN REPRESSOR; INTERACTI ONS DOMINATE; OPERATOR DNA; BINDING; BIOSYNTHESIS; OPERON; EXPRESSION One emph asis of the Gibbs Conference on Biothermodynamics is the value of thermodynamic measurements for understanding behaviors of biological systems. In this study, t he correlation between thermodynamic measurements of in vitro DNA binding affini ty with in vivo transcription repression was investigated for two transcription repressors. In the first system, which comprised an engineered LacI/GalR homolog , mutational changes altered the equilibrium constant for binding DNA. Changes c orrelated with altered repression, but estimates of in vivo repressor concentrat ion suggest a >= 25-fold discrepancy with in vitro conditions. In the second sys tem, changes in ligand binding to BirA altered dimerization and subsequent DNA o ccupancy. Again, these changes correlate with altered in vivo repression, but co mparison with in vitro measurements reveals a similar to 10-fold discrepancy. Fu rther analysis of each system suggests that the observed discrepancies between i n vitro and in vivo results reflect the contributions of additional equilibria t o the transcription repression process. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserv ed. [Tungtur, S; Zhan, HL; Swint-Kruse, L] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Bioche m & Mol Biol, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA; [Skinner, H; Beckett, D] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA Swint-Kruse, L (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
[email protected];
[email protected] NIH; ARRA[GM079423, GM46 511] This work was supported by grants from the NIH and the ARRA stimulus fun ds to LSK (GM079423) and DB (GM46511). We thank Renae Springe and Josh Riepe for assistance purifying LLhG variants. We also thank Emily Streaker for preparatio n of the BirA that was used for these measurements. 56 1 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, N ETHERLANDS 0301-4622 BIOPHYS CHEM Biophys. Chem. NOV 2011 159 1 SI 142 151 10.1016/ j.bpc.2011.06.005 10 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophy sics; Chemistry 823TC WOS:000295148400017 J Bell-Upp, P; Robinson, AC; Whitten, ST; Wheeler, EL; Lin, JI; Stites, WE ; Garcia-Moreno, B Bell-Upp, Peregrine; Robinson, A aron C.; Whitten, Steven T.; Wheeler, Erika L.; Lin, Janine; Stites, Wesley E.; Garcia-Moreno E, Bertrand Thermodynamic principles for the enginee ring of pH-driven conformational switches and acid insensitive proteins BIOPHYSI CAL CHEMISTRY English Article Acid unfolding; pK(a); Electrostatic; pH effects; Staphylococcal nuclease APPARENT DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE; PK(A) VALUES; AMINO-ACID S; HYDROPHOBIC INTERIOR; WATER PENETRATION; DENATURED STATE; MOLTEN GLOBULE; STA BILITY; RESIDUES The general thermodynamic principles behind pH driven co nformational transitions of biological macromolecules are well understood. What is less obvious is how they can be used to engineer pH switches in proteins. The acid unfolding of staphylococcal nuclease (SNase) was used to illustrate differ ent factors that can affect pH-driven conformational transitions. Acid unfolding is a structural transition driven by preferential H(+) binding to the acid unfo lded state (U) over the native (N) state of a protein. It is the result of carbo xylic groups that titrate with more normal pK(a) values in the U state than in t he N state. Acid unfolding profiles of proteins reflect a balance between electr ostatic and non-electrostatic contributions to stability. Several strategies wer e used in attempts to turn SNase into an acid insensitive protein: (1) enhancing global stability of the protein with mutagenesis or with osmolytes, (2) use of high salt concentrations to screen Coulomb interactions, (3) stabilizing the N s tate through specific anion effects, (4) removing Asp or Glu residues that citra te with depressed pK(a) values in the N state, and (5) removing basic residues t hat might have strong repulsive interactions in the N state at low pH. The only
effective way to engineer acid resistance in SNase is not through modulation of pK(a) values of Asp/Glu but by enhancing the global stability of the protein. Mo dulation of pH-driven conformational transitions by selective manipulation of th e electrostatic component of the switch is an extremely difficult undertaking. ( C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Bell-Upp, P; Robinson, AC; Whee ler, EL; Lin, JI; Garcia-Moreno, B] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA; [Whitten, ST] Texas State Univ San Marcos, Dept Chem & Biochem, S an Marcos, TX 78666 USA; [Stites, WE] Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fayett eville, AR 72701 USA Garcia-Moreno, B (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, D ept Biophys, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
[email protected] NIH[ROI GM-073838] This work was supported by NIH GrantROI GM-073838 to B. G-M. E. 30 1 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0301-4622 BIOPHYS CHEM Biophys. Chem. NOV 2011 159 1 SI 217 226 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.06.016 10 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical Biochemi stry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry 823TC WOS:000295148400025 J Patel, MM; Tzul, F; Makhatadze, GI Patel, M ayank M.; Tzul, Franco; Makhatadze, George I. Equilibrium and kinetic studies of protein cooperativity using urea-induced folding/unfolding of a Ubq-U IM fusion protein BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY English Article Protein cooperativity; Protein stability; Protein engineering MULTIDOMAIN PROT EIN; STABILITY; THERMODYNAMICS; UBIQUITIN; PEPTIDES; TOPOLOGY; ENTHALPY; 2-STATE ; MODEL Understanding the origins of cooperativity in proteins remains an import ant topic in protein folding. This study describes experimental folding/unfoldin g equilibrium and kinetic studies of the engineered protein Ubq-UIM, consisting of ubiquitin (Ubq) fused to the sequence of the ubiquitin interacting motif (UIM ) via a short linker. Urea-induced folding/unfolding profiles of Ubq-UIM were mo nitored by far-UV circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopies and compare d to those of the isolated Ubq domain. It was found that the equilibrium data fo r Ubq-UIM is inconsistent with a two-state model. Analysis of the kinetics of fo lding shows similarity in the folding transition state ensemble between Ubq and Ubq-UIM, suggesting that formation of Ubq domain is independent of UIM. The majo r contribution to the stabilization of Ubq-UIM, relative to Ubq, was found to be in the rates of unfolding. Moreover, it was found that the kinetic m-values for Ubq-UIM unfolding, monitored by different probes (far-UV circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopies), are different; thereby, further supporting deviat ions from a two-state behavior. A thermodynamic linkage model that involves four states was found to be applicable to the urea-induced unfolding of Ubq-UIM, whi ch is in agreement with the previous temperature-induced unfolding study. The ap plicability of the model was further supported by site-directed variants of UbqUIM that have altered stabilities of Ubq/UIM interface and/or stabilities of ind ividual Ubq- and UIM-domains. All variants show increased cooperativity and one variant, E43N_Ubq-UIM, appears to behave very close to an equilibrium two-state. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Bi otechnol & Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY 12065 USA; Rensselaer Polytech In st, Dept Biol, Troy, NY 12065 USA Makhatadze, GI (reprint author), Renssel aer Polytech Inst, Ctr Biotechnol & Interdisciplinary Studies, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA
[email protected] [NIH/NIGMSRO1-GM054537] This work was supported by a grant from NIH/NIGMSRO1-GM054537. We would like to thank Dr. Werner Streich er for the help with the stopped flow experiments. Instrumentation at the Core F acilities at the Center of Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies at RPI we re used for some of the experiments reported in this paper. 34 1 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMST ERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0301-4622 BIOPHYS CHEM Biophys. Chem. NOV 2011 159 1 SI 58 65 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.05.004 8 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Biophysics; Chemistry 823TC WOS:000295148400008 J Pozzi, N; Chen, R; Chen, ZW; Bah, A; Di Cera, E
Pozzi, Nicola; Chen, Raymond; Chen, Zhiwei; Bah, Alaji; Di Cera, Enrico Rigidification of the autolysis loop enhances Na(+) binding to thrombin BIOPHYSI CAL CHEMISTRY English Article Thrombin; Na(+) binding; Allostery; X-ray crystallography ACTIVATED PROTEI N-C; MONO-VALENT CATIONS; SODIUM-ION BINDING; FACTOR-XA; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; CRY STAL-STRUCTURE; MURINE THROMBIN; RAPID KINETICS; PROTHROMBINASE COMPLEX; ANTICOA GULANT ACTIVITY Binding of Na(+) to thrombin ensures high activity toward physio logical substrates and optimizes the procoagulant and prothrombotic roles of the enzyme in vivo. Under physiological conditions of pH and temperature, the bindi ng affinity of Na(+) is weak due to large heat capacity and enthalpy changes ass ociated with binding, and the K(d) = 80 mM ensures only 64% saturation of the si te at the concentration of Na(+) in the blood (140 mM). Residues controlling Na( +) binding and activation have been identified. Yet, attempts to improve the int eraction of Na(+) with thrombin and possibly increase catalytic activity under p hysiological conditions have so far been unsuccessful. Here we report how replac ement of the flexible autolysis loop of human thrombin with the homologous rigid domain of the murine enzyme results in a drastic (up to 10-fold) increase in Na (+) affinity and a significant improvement in the catalytic activity of the enzy me. Rigidification of the autolysis loop abolishes the heat capacity change asso ciated with Na(+) binding observed in the wild-type and also increases the stabi lity of thrombin. These findings have general relevance to protein engineering s tudies of clotting proteases and trypsin-like enzymes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. Al l rights reserved. [Pozzi, N; Chen, R; Chen, ZW; Bah, A; Di Cera, E] St Lou is Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, St Louis, MO 63104 USA Di Cera, E (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
[email protected] NIH[HL049413, HL058141, HL073813, HL095315] This work was supported in part by NIH research grants HL049413, HL058141, HL073 813 and HL095315. 91 1 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0301-4622 BIOPHYS CHEM Biophys. Chem. NOV 2011 159 1 SI 6 13 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.04.003 8 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical Biochemi stry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry 823TC WOS:000295148400002 J Dinulovic, M; Rasuo, B Dinulovic, Mirko; Rasuo, Bosko Dielectric modeling of multiphase composites COMPOSITE STRUCT URES English Article Dielectr ic modeling; Multiphase composites; Physical properties; Analytical modeling EFFECTIVE PERMITTIVITY; BOUNDS; CONSTANT; MIXTURES In this paper effective medium theory based on Clausius-Mossoti relation was used to predict dielectric properties of multiphase composite system. The composite consisted of E-glass fi bers (plain weave S-glass, J.B. Martin) embedded in bisphenol A diglycidylether epoxy matrix (D.E.R. 324, D.O.W. chemicals) with hollow ceramic spherical inclus ions (SF 14, P.Q. Corp.) at different volume fractions. In many engineering appl ications, materials with designed dielectric properties are often sought. An imp ortant question in engineering design of a composite material is how the overall properties of the composite depend on those of the individual constituents. Mix ing the epoxy resin with hollow ceramic inclusions can effectively reduce dielec tric constant of the resin, which is often desirable, rendering composites as go od candidates for many applications, especially in telecommunications. Compensat ion for degradation of mechanical properties of matrix (due to inclusion inserti on) is obtained by embedding fibers into the mixture. Measurements of dielectric constant and loss tangent for this multiphase composite system were conducted i n the region between 0.1 and 100 kHz range using DEA 290 (T.A. Instruments) diel ectric analyzer and experimental results are presented. Good correlation between analytical model and experimental results was observed throughout all frequency range of investigation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Dinulov ic, M; Rasuo, B] Univ Belgrade, Aerosp Dept, Fac Mech Engn, Belgrade 11120 35, S erbia Rasuo, B (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Aerosp Dept, Fac Mech Engn, Kr aljice Marije 16, Belgrade 11120 35, Serbia
[email protected] 45 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD
LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0263-8223 COMPOS S TRUCT Compos. Struct. NOV 2011 93 12 3209 3215 10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.05.036 7 Materials Science, Composites Materials Science 821OP WOS:000294984600 012 J Pinto, M; Fuentes, L; Troya, JM Pinto, Monica; F uentes, Lidia; Maria Troya, Jose Specifying aspect-oriented archi tectures in AO-ADL INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY English Article Software Engineering; Software A rchitectures; Languages; Aspect-Oriented Software Development; Metrics Context: Architecture description languages (ADLs) are a well-accepted approach to software architecture representation. The majority of well-known ADLs are def ined by means of components and connectors. Architectural connectors are mainly used to model interactions among components, specifying component communication and coordination separately. However, there are other properties that cut across several components and also affect component interactions (e.g. security). Obje ctive: It seems reasonable therefore to model how such crosscutting properties a ffect component interactions as part of connectors. Method: Using an aspect-orie nted approach, the AO-ADL architecture description language extends the classica l connector semantics with enough expressiveness to model the influences of such crosscutting properties on component interactions (defined as 'aspectual compos itions' in connectors). Results: This paper describes the AO-ADL language puttin g special emphasis on the extended connectors used to specify aspectual and nonaspectual compositions between concrete components. The contributions of AO-ADL are validated using concern-oriented metrics available in the literature. Conclu sion: The measured indicators show that using AO-ADL it is possible to specify m ore reusable and scalable software architectures. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rig hts reserved. [Pinto, M; Fuentes, L; Troya, JM] Univ Malaga, Dpto Lenguajes & Ciencias Comp, E-29071 Malaga, Spain Pinto, M (reprint author), Univ Malaga, Dpto Lenguajes & Ciencias Comp, Campus Teatinos S-N, E-29071 Malaga, Spain
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] Spanish Project[TIN200801942]; regional project FamWare[P09-TIC-5231] This research was funded by the Spanish Project TIN2008-01942 and by the regional project FamWare P09-TIC-5231. 45 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0950-5849 INFORM SOFTWARE TECH Inf. Softw. Technol. NOV 2011 53 11 1165 1182 10.1016/j.infsof.2011.04.003 18 Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering Computer Science 820CQ WOS:000294883500001 J Golfarelli, M; Rizzi, S Golfarelli, Matteo; Rizz i, Stefano Data warehouse testing: A prototype-based methodology INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY English Article Testing; Business intelligence; Data warehouse; Software engineering DESIGN Context: Testing is an essential part of the development life-cycle of any softw are product. While most phases of data warehouse design have received considerab le attention in the literature, not much has been written about data warehouse t esting. Objective: In this paper we propose a comprehensive approach to testing data warehouse systems. Its main features are earliness with respect to the life -cycle, modularity, tight coupling with design, scalability, and measurability t hrough proper metrics. Method: We introduce a number of specific testing activit ies, we classify them in terms of what is tested and how it is tested, and we sh ow how they can be framed within a prototype-based methodology. We apply our app roach to a real case study for a large retail company. Results: The case study w e faced, based on an iterative prototype-based medium-size project, confirmed th e validity of our approach. In particular, the main benefits were obtained in te rms of project transparency, coordination of the development team, and organizat ion of design activities. Conclusion: Though some general-purpose testing techni ques can be applied to data warehouse projects, the effectiveness of testing can be largely improved by applying specifically-devised techniques and metrics. (C ) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Golfarelli, M; Rizzi, S] DEIS U
niv Bologna, Bologna, Italy Rizzi, S (reprint author), DEIS Univ Bologna, Vi ale Risorgimento 2, Bologna, Italy
[email protected]; stefano.rizz
[email protected] 45 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0950-584 9 INFORM SOFTWARE TECH Inf. Softw. Technol. NOV 2011 53 11 1183 1198 10.1016/j.infsof .2011.04.002 16 Computer Science, Information Systems; C omputer Science, Software Engineering Computer Science 820CQ WOS:0002 94883500002 J Wilkie, FG; McChesney, IR; Morrow, P; Tuxworth, C; Lester, NG Wilkie, F. G.; McChesney, I. R.; Morrow, P.; Tuxworth, C.; Lester, N. G. The value of software sizing INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY English Article Software size estimation ; Empirical software engineering; NESMA; Project planning; Size metrics; Functio n points Context: One of the difficulties faced by software devel opment Project Managers is estimating the cost and schedule for new projects. Pr evious industry surveys have concluded that software size and cost estimation is a significant technical area of concern. In order to estimate cost and schedule it is important to have a good understanding of the size of the software produc t to be developed. There are a number of techniques used to derive software size , with function points being amongst the most documented. Objective: In this pap er we explore the utility of function point software sizing techniques when appl ied to two levels of software requirements documentation in a commercial softwar e development organisation. The goal of the research is to appraise the value (c ost/benefit) which functional sizing techniques can bring to the project plannin g and management of software projects within a small-to-medium sized software de velopment enterprise (SME). Method: Functional counts were made at the bid and d etailed functional specification stages for each of five commercial projects use d in the research. Three variants of the NESMA method were used to determine the se function counts. Through a structured interview session, feedback on the sizi ng results was obtained to evaluate its feasibility and potential future contrib ution to the company. Results: The results of our research suggest there is valu e in performing size estimates at two appropriate stages in the software develop ment lifecycle, with simplified methods providing the optimal return on effort e xpended. Conclusion: The 'Estimated NESMA' is the most appropriate tool for use in size estimation for the company studied. The use of software sizing provides a valuable contribution which would augment, but not replace, the company's exis ting cost estimation approach. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Wilkie, FG; McChesney, IR; Morrow, P] Univ Ulster, Sch Comp & Math, Newtownabbe y BT37 0QB, Antrim, North Ireland; [Tuxworth, C] Equiniti ICS Ltd, Belfast BT3 9 ED, Antrim, North Ireland; [Lester, NG] Univ Ulster, Informat Serv Directorate, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, Antrim, North Ireland Wilkie, FG (reprint author), Uni v Ulster, Sch Comp & Math, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, Antrim, North Ireland fg.wilki
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]; Charlie
[email protected];
[email protected] Department for Employmen t and Learning The research team gratefully acknowledges the access to staff an d documentation, and participation of Equiniti-ICS in this project. The research team also gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Department for Emp loyment and Learning. 39 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0950-5849 INFORM SOFTWARE TECH Inf. Softw. Technol. NOV 2011 53 11 1236 1249 10.1016/j.infsof.2011.05.008 14 Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering Computer Science 820CQ WOS:000294883500006 J Zahrani, EM; Fathi, MH; Alfantazi, AM Zahrani, E. Mohammadi; Fathi, M. H.; Alfantazi, A. M. Sol-Gel Derived Nanocrys talline Fluoridated Hydroxyapatite Powders and Nanostructured Coatings for Tissu e Engineering Applications METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSI CAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE English Article SUBSTITUTED HYDROXYAPATITE; FLUORAPATITE; FLUORINE; FILMS; SUBSTRATE; CERAMICS;
APATITES; SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROLYSIS; SOLUBILITY Nanocrystalline fluoridated hydr oxyapatite (FHA) powders and coatings with a chemical composition of Ca(10)(PO(4 ))(6)OH(2-x) F (x) (where x values were selected equal to 0.0 ,0.5, 1.0, 1.5, an d 2.0) were prepared through a modified simple sol-gel technique in comparison w ith conventional alkoxide-based sol-gel route. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmis sion electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier tran sform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, pF-meter with a fluorine-sensitive electrode , and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysi s techniques were employed in order to evaluate phase composition, particle size distribution, morphology, functional groups, fluorine content, and purity of pr epared FHA nanopowders, respectively. SEM analysis was used to study the surface morphology and cross section of the FHA coatings, deposited on 316L stainless s teel substrate. Results indicated that single-phase and homogeneous FHA nanopowd ers with carbonate peaks in the FTIR spectrum were synthesized through the modif ied sol-gel technique. TEM analysis revealed that fluorapatite (FA) powder was c omposed of nanosized particles, similar to 25 nm in size, with polyhedron shape and straight corners. In the modified sol-gel technique, polymerization and gela tion kinetic of the sol were significantly improved without any need to use addi tives or pH control. Uniform, dense, well-adhered, and compacted FHA coatings we re formed on the 316L stainless steel substrate after 24 hours of aging. [Zahrani, EM; Alfantazi, AM] Univ British Columbia, Dept Mat Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; [Fathi, MH] Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Biomat Grp, E sfahan 8415683111, Iran Zahrani, EM (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dep t Mat Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
[email protected] 63 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 1073-5623 METALL MATER TRANS A Metall. Mater. T rans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. NOV 2011 42A 11 3291 3309 10.1007/s11661-010-0465-2 19 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering 822IV WOS:0002 95038900010 J Murr, LE; Martinez, E; Gaytan, SM; Ramirez, DA; Machado, BI; Shindo, PW; Martinez, JL; Medina, F; Wooten, J; Ciscel, D; Ackelid, U; Wicker, RB Murr, L. E.; Martinez, E.; Gaytan, S. M.; Ramirez, D. A.; Machado, B. I.; Shindo , P. W.; Martinez, J. L.; Medina, F.; Wooten, J.; Ciscel, D.; Ackelid, U.; Wicke r, R. B. Microstructural Architecture, Microstructures, and Mecha nical Properties for a Nickel-Base Superalloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Meltin g METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATER IALS SCIENCE English Article NI-NI3NB; SOLIDIFICATION; COMPONENTS; BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS Microstructures and a mi crostructural, columnar architecture as well as mechanical behavior of as-fabric ated and processed INCONEL alloy 625 components produced by additive manufacturi ng using electron beam melting (EBM) of prealloyed precursor powder are examined in this study. As-fabricated and hot-isostatically pressed ("hipped") [at 1393 K (1120 A degrees C)] cylinders examined by optical metallography (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispe rsive (X-ray) spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibited an initi al EBM-developed gamma aEuro(3) (bct) Ni(3)Nb precipitate platelet columnar arch itecture within columnar [200] textured gamma (fcc) Ni-Cr grains aligned in the cylinder axis, parallel to the EBM build direction. Upon annealing at 1393 K (11 20 A degrees C) (hot-isostatic press (HIP)), these precipitate columns dissolve and the columnar, gamma, grains recrystallized forming generally equiaxed grains (with coherent {111} annealing twins), containing NbCr(2) laves precipitates. M icroindentation hardnesses decreased from similar to 2.7 to similar to 2.2 GPa f ollowing hot-isostatic pressing ("hipping"), and the corresponding engineering ( 0.2 pct) offset yield stress decreased from 0.41 to 0.33 GPa, while the UTS incr eased from 0.75 to 0.77 GPa. However, the corresponding elongation increased fro m 44 to 69 pct for the hipped components. [Murr, LE; Martinez, E; Gaytan, SM; Ramirez, DA; Machado, BI; Shindo, PW; Martinez, JL] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA; [Medina, F; Wicker, RB] Univ Texas El Pa
so, WM Keck Ctr Innovat 3D, El Paso, TX 79968 USA; [Wooten, J; Ciscel, D] CalRAM Inc, Simi Valley, CA 93065 USA; [Ackelid, U] Arcam AB, SE-43137 Molndal, Sweden Murr, LE (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA
[email protected] Mr. and Mrs. MacIntosh Murchison Endowed Chairs This research was supported, in part, by Mr. and Mrs. MacIntosh Murchison Endowe d Chairs (LEM and RBW) as well as graduate research assistantships at the Univer sity of Texas at El Paso. We thank ARCAM AB-Sweden and Metals Technology, Inc. f or technical support and services. 30 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 1073-5623 METALL MATER TRANS A Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. NOV 2011 42A 11 3491 3508 10.1007/s11661-011-0748-2 18 Materials Science, Multi disciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering Materials Science; Metal lurgy & Metallurgical Engineering 822IV WOS:000295038900030 J Lenci, S; Rega, G Lenci, Stefano; Rega, Gi useppe Load carrying capacity of systems within a global safety perspec tive. Part II. Attractor/basin integrity under dynamic excitations INTERNAT IONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS English Article Load carrying capacity; Dynamic excitations; Global safety; Attractor-basin port raits; Dynamical integrity; Koiter; Thompson The effects of the dynam ic excitation on the load carrying capacity of mechanical systems are investigat ed with reference to the archetypal model addressed in Part I. which permits to highlight the main ideas without spurious mechanical complexities. First, the ef fects of the excitation on periodic solutions are analyzed, focusing on bifurcat ions entailing their disappearance and playing the role of Koiter critical thres holds. Then, attractor robustness (i.e., large magnitude of the safe basin) is s hown to be necessary but not sufficient to have global safety under dynamic exci tation. In fact, the excitation strongly modifies the topology of the safe basin s, and a dynamical integrity perspective accounting for the magnitude of the sol ely compact part of the safe basin must be considered. By means of extensive num erical simulations, robustness/erosion profiles of dynamic solutions/basins for varying axial load and dynamic amplitude are built, respectively. These curves p ermit to appreciate the practical reduction of system load carrying capacity and , upon choosing the value of residual integrity admissible for engineering desig n, the Thompson practical stability. Dwelling on the effects of the interaction between axial load and lateral dynamic excitation, this paper supports and, inde ed, extends the conclusions of the companion one, highlighting the fundamental r ole played by global dynamics as regards a reliable estimation of the actual loa d carrying capacity of mechanical systems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights res erved. [Lenci, S] Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Architecture Bldg & Struct, Ancona , Italy; [Rega, G] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Struct & Geotech Engn, Rome, Ital y Lenci, S (reprint author), Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Architecture Bldg & Struct, Ancona, Italy
[email protected];
[email protected] 11 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0020-7462 INT J NONLIN MECH Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. NOV 2011 46 9 1240 1251 10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.20 11.05.021 12 Mechanics Mechanics 819AF WOS:000294797100015 J Lee, HS; Thorson, JS Lee, Hyun Soo; Thorson, Jon S. Development of a universal glycosyltransferase assay amenable to high-throughput formats ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY English Article Glycosyltransferase; Enzyme; Evolution; Engineering; Carbohydrate; Sugar nucleot ide DIRECTED EVOLUTION; PROMISCUITY; GLYCORANDOMIZATION; GLYCOSYLATION; CHEM OSENSOR; BIOLOGY The development of a general 1-Zn(II) nucleoside diphosp hate (NDP) sensor assay for rapid evaluation of glycosyltransferase (GT) activit y is described. The 1-Zn(II) NDP sensor assay offers submicromolar sensitivity, compatibility with both purified enzymes and crude cell extracts, and exquisite selectivity for NDPs over the corresponding NDP-sugars. Thus, the 1-Zn(II) NDP s ensor assay is anticipated to offer broad applicability in the context of GT eng
ineering and characterization. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [Lee, HS; Thorson, JS] Univ Wisconsin, Div Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, Wisconsin Ctr Nat Prod Res, Madison, WI 53705 USA; [Lee, HS] Sogang Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 121742, South Korea Thorson, JS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Div Pharma ceut Sci, Sch Pharm, Wisconsin Ctr Nat Prod Res, Madison, WI 53705 USA jsthorso
[email protected] NIH[AI52218]; Laura and Edward Kremers Chair in Natural Products Chemistry This work was supported by funding from the NIH (AI52218 ) and the Laura and Edward Kremers Chair in Natural Products Chemistry (J.S.T.). 28 0 0 ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE SAN DIEGO 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA 0003-2697 ANAL BIOCHEM Anal. Biochem. NOV 1 2011 418 1 85 88 10.1016/j.ab.2011.06.016 4 Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analy tical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry 819ON WOS:000294836300 013 J Taillades, G; Batocchi, P; Essoumhi, A; Taillades, M; Jones, DJ; Roziere , J Taillades, Gilles; Batocchi, Pierre; Essoumhi, A bdel; Taillades, Melanie; Jones, Deborah J.; Roziere, Jacques Engineer ing of porosity, microstructure and electrical properties of Ni-BaCe(0.9)Y(0.1)O (2.95) cermet fuel cell electrodes by gelled starch porogen processing MICROPOR OUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS English Article Ni-cermet; Starch; Mercury porosimetry; Proton ceramic fuel cell NI-SDC C ERMETS; IT-SOFC ANODE; SINTERING TEMPERATURE; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; YSZ CERMET; CERAMICS; COMPOSITES; CATHODE The synthesis of electrode materials with contro lled microstructural characteristics and high conductivity over 1000 S cm(-1) is a key factor in improving the performance of fuel cells. In this work, we propo se an alternative route to the partial sintering of a powder mixture to control the porosity of a ceramic-metal composite currently used as an anode material in Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells working at 400-600 degrees C. This new method is ba sed on the use of nanopowdered cermet materials and starch in gelling form for t he elaboration of Ni-BaCe(0.9)Y(0.1)O(3) (Ni-BCY) cermets. The microstructure an d the electrical properties have been investigated with respect to the initial s tarch content. A porous microstructure consisting of hornogenously distributed N i and BCY phases is observed. It is shown that the degree of open porosity and t he electrical conductivity of the cermets are sensitive to the starch content. A nodes elaborated from initial compositions comprising 10 and 20 wt.% of starch o ffer sufficient mechanical strength and an open porosity >30 vol.%. The measured conductivities vary with the composition, from 1000 to 3000 S cm(-1) at 600 deg rees C. The use of starch in gelled form as porogen allows the engineering of th e porosity and the control of pore shape and distribution. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc . All rights reserved. [Taillades, G; Batocchi, P; Essoumhi, A; Taillades, M; J ones, DJ; Roziere, J] Univ Montpellier 2, UMR CNRS 5253, ICGM, F-34095 Montpelli er, France Taillades, G (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, UMR CNRS 5253 , ICGM, F-34095 Montpellier, France
[email protected] Agence N ationale de la Recherche; Languedoc-Roussillon regional council under ARPE initi ative This work was funded under the CONDOR project of the Hydrogen and Fuel C ells programme of the Agence Nationale de la Recherche. We also gratefully ackno wledge financial support from the Languedoc-Roussillon regional council under th e ARPE initiative. 25 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 1387-1811 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT Microporous Mesoporous Mat. NOV 2011 145 1-3 26 31 10.1016/j.micromeso.2011 .04.020 6 Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanosci ence & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Chemistry; Scien ce & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science 821KO WOS:000294974100 005 J Tait, M; Pegoretti, A; Dorigato, A; Kalaitzidou, K Tait, Massimiliano; Pegoretti, Alessandro; Dorigato, Andrea; Kalaitzidou, Kyriak i The effect of filler type and content and the manufacturing proc ess on the performance of multifunctional carbon/poly-lactide composites
CARBON English Article LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLY(LACTIC ACID); GRAPH ITE; FIBERS Two nanosized carbonaceous fillers, vapor grown carbon nanofiber s and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets, were used to prepare poly(lactide acid) composites at various concentrations from 0 up to 20 wt.%. The two fillers were also combined in order to explore possible synergistic actions. Two compounding processes, melt mixing and polymer dissolution, and two forming methods, inject ion and compression molding, were used to manufacture the composites. The flexur al properties, impact strength, storage and loss modulus, Vicat softening temper ature, and electrical conductivity of neat matrix and composites were determined as a function of the filler type and content, and of the processing method used . The filler dispersion within the polymer matrix, the presence of agglomerates and the existence of voids were studied using field-emission scanning electron m icroscopy. It is concluded that compounding by polymer dissolution followed by c ompression molding leads to composites with the lowest percolation threshold and surface conductivity and highest storage modulus whereas extrusion injection mo lding results in composites with the highest mechanical properties. The results can be used to engineer biodegradable composites with specific properties for ta rgeted applications. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Tait, M ; Kalaitzidou, K] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta , GA 30322 USA; [Tait, M; Pegoretti, A; Dorigato, A] Univ Trent, Dept Mat Engn & Ind Technol, Trento, Italy; [Kalaitzidou, K] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA Kalaitzidou, K (reprint author), Georgia Inst Te chnol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA kyriaki.kalaitzi
[email protected] 25 0 0 PERGAMON -ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0008-6223 CARBON Carbon NOV 2011 49 13 4280 4290 10.1016/j.carbon .2011.06.009 11 Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Chemistry; Materials Science 817BL WOS:000294645700 022 J Sui, ZY; Zhang, XT; Lei, Y; Luo, YJ Sui, Zhu yin; Zhang, Xuetong; Lei, Yu; Luo, Yunjun Easy and green synthesis of reduced graphite oxide-based hydrogels CARBON English Article WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; L-ASCORBIC-ACID; GRAPHENE OXIDE; DRUG-DELIVERY; CHEMICA L-REDUCTION; VITAMIN-C; WATER; NANOMATERIALS; SUSPENSIONS; FABRICATION We repor t an environmentally-friendly and easy to scale-up route to synthesize reduced g raphite oxide (RGO) hydrogel by simple reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide (G O) with excess vitamin C (VC). Mono-layer graphene sheets self-assembling into a well-defined and interconnected 3D porous network through pi-pi interaction dur ing gelation can be seen by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force micros copy images. The RGO hydrogels were further functionalized and the corresponding RGO/carbon nanotube or RGO/noble metal hybrid hydrogels were obtained after sim ilar reduction or co-reduction when carbon nanotubes were added to and stabilize d with GO sheets or when noble metal precursors were added and incorporated with GO sheets. Rheological performance and electrical conductivities of these RGO-b ased hydrogels were also investigated in this study. The residual VC retained in these hydrogels as a biofunctional component can be gradually released in a dif fusion-controlled manner, which may endow these RGO-based hydrogels with a bio-f unctionality. Because encapsulated bioactive VC simultaneously occurs with the f ormation of these assemblies, the resulting RGO-based hydrogels may have great p otential in use as transdermal systems for controlled delivery of VC, tissue eng ineering, biosensors, etc. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Sui, ZY ; Zhang, XT; Lei, Y; Luo, YJ] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China Zhang, XT (reprint author), Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Ma t Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
[email protected] National Natural Science Foundation of China[20903009]; Science Foundation for the Excel lent Youth Scholars of Beijing Institute of Technology[2010YS0903] This wor k was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20903009) and the Science Foundation for the Excellent Youth Scholars
of Beijing Institute of Technology (Grant No. 2010YS0903). Many thanks to Prof. David Smith (Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK) for the English c orrection of this manuscript. 61 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIE R SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB , ENGLAND 0008-6223 CARBON Carbon NOV 2011 49 13 4314 4321 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.06 .006 8 Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidis ciplinary Chemistry; Materials Science 817BL WOS:000294645700025 J Megharaj, M; Ramakrishnan, B; Venkateswarlu, K; Sethunathan, N; Naidu, R Megharaj, Mallavarapu; Ramakrishnan, Balasubramanian; Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala; S ethunathan, Nambrattil; Naidu, Ravi Bioremediation approaches for or ganic pollutants: A critical perspective ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL English Review Bioremediation approache s; Organic pollutants; Electrobioremediation; GEMs; Rhizoremediation; Limitation s POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION; GENETICALLY-EN GINEERED MICROORGANISMS; ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION ANALYSIS; DIESEL-CONTAMINATED SOI L; PAH-DEGRADING BACTERIA; NATURAL ATTENUATION; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ENVIR ONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; ELECTROKINETIC TRANSPORT Due to human activities to a gre ater extent and natural processes to some extent, a large number of organic chem ical substances such as petroleum hydrocarbons, halogenated and nitroaromatic co mpounds, phthalate esters, solvents and pesticides pollute the soil and aquatic environments. Remediation of these polluted sites following the conventional eng ineering approaches based on physicochemical methods is both technically and eco nomically challenging. Bioremediation that involves the capabilities of microorg anisms in the removal of pollutants is the most promising, relatively efficient and cost-effective technology. However, the current bioremediation approaches su ffer from a number of limitations which include the poor capabilities of microbi al communities in the field, lesser bioavailability of contaminants on spatial a nd temporal scales, and absence of bench-mark values for efficacy testing of bio remediation for their widespread application in the field. The restoration of al l natural functions of some polluted soils remains impractical and, hence, the a pplication of the principle of function-directed remediation may be sufficient t o minimize the risks of persistence and spreading of pollutants. This review sel ectively examines and provides a critical view on the knowledge gaps and limitat ions in field application strategies, approaches such as composting, electrobior emediation and microbe-assisted phytoremediation, and the use of probes and assa ys for monitoring and testing the efficacy of bioremediation of polluted sites. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Venkateswarlu, K] Sri Krishnade varaya Univ, Dept Microbiol, Anantapur 515055, Andhra Pradesh, India; [Megharaj, M; Ramakrishnan, B; Venkateswarlu, K; Naidu, R] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; [Ramakrishnan, B] Indi an Agr Res Inst, Div Microbiol, New Delhi 110012, India; [Megharaj, M; Ramakrish nan, B; Venkateswarlu, K; Naidu, R] Cooperat Res Ctr Contaminat Assessment & Rem ediat, Salisbury S, SA 5106, Australia Venkateswarlu, K (reprint author), Sri K rishnadevaraya Univ, Dept Microbiol, Anantapur 515055, Andhra Pradesh, India
[email protected] Government of Australia (Department of Education, Employ ment and Workplace Relations) BR and KN thank the Government of Australia (Dep artment of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations) for the Endeavour Rese arch Fellowship and Endeavour Executive Award, respectively. 196 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0160-4120 ENVIRON INT Environ. Int. NOV 2011 37 8 1362 1375 10.1016/j.envint.2011.06.003 14 Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences & Ecology 816EV WOS:0002 94582400009 J Kolahdoozan, M; Imanian, H; Falconer, RA Kolahdoozan, Morteza; Imanian, Hanifeh; Falconer, Roger A. On the c riteria for the initiation of motion in tidal inlets, deterministic and stochast ic approaches COASTAL ENGINEERING English Article Sediment transport; Mathematical models; Bed load; Stochastic and deterministic
approaches; Tidal inlets SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; BED-LOAD ; ESTUARINE; WATERS; SCHEME Details are given herein of the refinement and a pplication of a three-dimensional layer integrated numerical model to predict mo rphological changes in tidal basins. The solution of governing differential equa tions, which consist of the conservation of mass and momentum for the hydrodynam ics, the transport equation for the suspended sediment fluxes and the sediment m ass conservation equation for the bed level changes are carried out by the use o f Alternating Direction implicit (ADI) Finite Difference Method (FDM). The model includes different criteria for the initiation of motion namely Shields (1936, Application of Similarity Principles and Turbulence Research to Bed load Movemen t, Hydrodynamics Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pub. No. 167), Kolandoozan (1999, Numerical Modelling of Geomorphological Processes in Estuarin e Waters, PhD Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univers ity of Bradford, Bradford, UK, 288) and Zanke (2003, On the Influence of Turbule nce on the Initiation of Sediment Motion, International Journal of Sediment Rese arch, 18(1), 17-31), to compare different aspects of flow conditions. As the flo w is highly turbulent with the random nature of its components, many researchers have tried to express sediment transport processes by using stochastic approach es. In the current study both deterministic and stochastic methods are included in the numerical model to evaluate their accuracy and efficiency. To validate th e numerical model results, laboratory measurements are used, with these being ob tained from an earlier experimental program undertaken by the authors. Results o f a short term bed level changes in a laboratory model harbor are included for t he model verification purposes. Comparisons are undertaken using different crite ria for the initiation of motion, with the results highlighting that the unstead iness in the flow parameters included in the numerical model has a major effect on the bed level changes inside the harbor, in compare with the turbulence struc ture of the flow. The model is then applied to a real case study of the Humber E stuary, located in the UK, with comparisons being undertaken for different crite ria for the initiation of motion, using both deterministic and stochastic approa ches for the long term bed level predictions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Kolahdoozan, M; Imanian, H] Amir Kabir Univ Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tehran, Iran; [Falconer, RA] Cardiff Univ, Sch Engn, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales Kolahdoozan, M (reprint author), Amir Kabir Univ Technol, Dept C ivil & Environm Engn, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran
[email protected]; hani
[email protected];
[email protected] 42 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMST ERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0378-3839 COAST ENG Coast. Eng. NOV 2011 58 11 1013 1022 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2011.05.002 10 Engineering, Civ il; Engineering, Ocean Engineering 815KX WOS:000294525600001 J Miranda, T; Dias, D; Eclaircy-Caudron, S; Correia, AG; Costa, L Miranda, T.; Dias, D.; Eclaircy-Caudron, S.; Correia, A. Gomes; Costa, L. Back analysis of geomechanical parameters by optimisation of a 3D model of an un derground structure TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY English Article Geomechanical parameters ; Back analysis; Optimisation; Evolutionary algorithms; Underground structures GENETIC ALGORITHMS; GEOTECHNICAL BACKANALYSIS; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; FIELD-MEASURE MENTS; INVERSE ANALYSIS; SOIL PARAMETERS; IDENTIFICATION; TUNNELS; ROCK; DISPLAC EMENTS One of the major difficulties for geotechnical engineers during project phase is to estimate the geomechanical parameters values of the adopted constitu tive model in a reliable way. In project phase, they are normally evaluated by l aboratory and in situ tests and, in the specific case of rock masses, by the app lication of empirical classification systems. However, all methodologies lead to uncertainties due to factors like local heterogeneities, representativeness of the tests, etc. In order to reduce these uncertainties, geotechnical engineers c an use inverse analysis during construction, using monitoring data to identify t he parameters of the involved formations. This paper shows the back analysis of geomechanical parameters by the optimisation of a 3D numerical model of the hydr oelectric powerhouse cavern of Venda Nova II built in Portugal. For this purpose
, two optimisation techniques were considered: one classical optimisation algori thm and an evolutionary optimisation algorithm. In the optimisation process, dis placements measured by extensometers during excavation were used to identify roc k mass parameters, namely the deformability modulus (E) and the stress ratio (K( 0)). Efficiency of both algorithms is evaluated and compared. Both approaches al lowed obtaining the optimal set of parameters and provided a better insight abou t the involved rock formation properties. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights rese rved. [Miranda, T; Correia, AG] Univ Minho, Dept Civil Engn, Sch Engn, P-48000 58 Guimaraes, Portugal; [Dias, D] INSA, LGCIE, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France; [Ec laircy-Caudron, S] EDF RTE, Ctr Natl Expertises Reseau, Besancon, France; [Costa , L] Univ Minho, Sch Engn, Dept Prod & Syst, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal Miranda, T (reprint author), Univ Minho, Dept Civil Engn, Sch Engn, Campus Azurem, P-480 0058 Guimaraes, Portugal
[email protected]; daniel.dias@insa-lyon. fr;
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] FCT[POCI/ECM/57495/2004] The authors wish to acknowledge the EDP Company (Portuguese Electricity Company) for providing the test results. This work was f inanced by the FCT project POCI/ECM/57495/2004 entitled "Geotechnical Risk in Tu nnels for High Speed Trains". 61 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIE R SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB , ENGLAND 0886-7798 TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH Tunn. Undergr. S pace Technol. NOV 2011 26 6 659 673 10.1016/j.tust.2011.05.010 15 Construc tion & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil Construction & Building Technolo gy; Engineering 813VQ WOS:000294398700002 J Chu, YC; Cao, Y; He, XM; Luo, M Chu, Yuchuan; Ca o, Yong; He, Xiaoming; Luo, Min Asymptotic boundary conditions with imme rsed finite elements for interface magnetostatic/electrostatic field problems wi th open boundary COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS English Article Immersed finite elements; Open boundary problems; Magnetostatic/electrostatic fi eld; Asymptotic boundary condition NONHOMOGENEOUS JUMP CONDITIONS; DISCONTI NUOUS COEFFICIENTS; APPROXIMATION CAPABILITY; ELLIPTIC-EQUATIONS; ION OPTICS; SP ACE; SIMULATION Many of the magnetostatic/electrostatic field problems encounter ed in aerospace engineering, such as plasma sheath simulation and ion neutraliza tion process in space, are not confined to finite domain and non-interface probl ems, but characterized as open boundary and interface problems. Asymptotic bound ary conditions (ABC) and immersed finite elements (IFE) are relatively new tools to handle open boundaries and interface problems respectively. Compared with th e traditional truncation approach, asymptotic boundary conditions need a much sm aller domain to achieve the same accuracy. When regular finite element methods a re applied to an interface problem, it is necessary to use a body-fitting mesh i n order to obtain the optimal convergence rate. However, immersed finite element s possess the same optimal convergence rate on a Cartesian mesh, which is critic al to many applications. This paper applies immersed finite element methods and asymptotic boundary conditions to solve an interface problem arising from electr ic field simulation in composite materials with open boundary. Numerical example s are provided to demonstrate the high global accuracy of the IFE method with AB C based on Cartesian meshes, especially around both interface and boundary. This algorithm uses a much smaller domain than the truncation approach in order to a chieve the same accuracy. Published by Elsevier B.V. [He, XM] Missouri Univ S ci & Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Rolla, MO 65401 USA; [Chu, YC; Cao, Y] Harbin In st Technol, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Dept Mech Engn & Automat, Shenzhen 518055, Guangd ong, Peoples R China; [Luo, M] Sichuan Univ, Uncertainty Decis Making Lab, Cheng du 610064, Peoples R China; [Luo, M] Chengdu Univ Informat Technol, Coll Math, C hengdu 610225, Peoples R China He, XM (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Tec hnol, Dept Math & Stat, Rolla, MO 65401 USA
[email protected]; yongc@hitsz. edu.cn;
[email protected];
[email protected] National Science Foundation of China[106 71136] This work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (1067 1136). 44 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0010-4655 COMPUT P HYS COMMUN Comput. Phys. Commun. NOV 2011 182 11
2331 2338 10.1016/j.cpc.2011.06.014 8 Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical Computer Science; Physics 815KZ WOS:000294525800004 J Cipolla, SJ Cipolla, Sam J. ISICS201 1, an updated version of ISICS: A program for calculation K-, L-, and M-shell cr oss sections from PWBA and ECPSSR theories using a personal computer COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS English Article Atomic K-, L-, M-shell ionization; PWBA and ECPSSR cross sections; Ion-atom coll isions; C package; Gauss-Legendre quadrature integration techniques In this new version of ISICS, called ISICS2011, a few omissions and incorrect en tries in the built-in file of electron binding energies have been corrected: ope rational situations leading to un-physical behavior have been identified and fla gged. New version program summary Program title: ISICS2011 Catalogue identifier: ADDS_v5_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADDS_v5_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library. Queen's University. Belfast, N. I reland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licen ce/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 6011 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 130 587 Dis tribution format: tar.gz Programming language: C Computer: 80486 or higher-level PCs Operating system: WINDOWS XP and all earlier operating systems Classificati on: 16.7 Catalogue identifier of previous version: ADDS_v4_0 Journal reference o f previous version: Comput. Phys. Commun. 180 (2009) 1716. Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes Nature of problem: Ionization and X-ray pro duction cross section calculations for ion-atom collisions. Solution method: Num erical integration of form factor using a logarithmic transform and Gaussian qua drature, plus exact integration limits. Reasons for new version: General need fo r higher precision in output format for projectile energies: some built-in bindi ng energies needed correcting: some anomalous results occur due to faulty read-i n data or calculated parameters becoming un-physical: erroneous calculations cou ld result for the L and M shells when restricted K-shell options are inadvertent ly chosen: to achieve general compatibility with ISICSoo, a companion C++ versio n that is portable to Linux and MacOS platforms, has been submitted for publicat ion in the CPC Program Library approximately at the same time as this present ne w standalone version of ISICS [1]. Summary of revisions: The format field for pr ojectile energies in the output has been expanded from two to four decimal place s in order to distinguish between closely spaced energy values. There were a few entries in the executable binding energy file that needed correcting: K shell o f Eu. M shells of Zn, M1 shell of Kr. The corrected values were also entered in the ENERGY.DAT file. In addition, an alternate data file of binding energies is included, called ENERGY_GW.DAT. which is more up-to-date [2]. Likewise, an alter nate atomic parameters data file is now included, called FLOURE_JC.DAT, which is more up-to-date [3] fluorescence yields for the K and L shells and Coster-Kroni g parameters for the L shell. Both data files can be read in using the -f usage option. To do this, the original energy file should be renamed and saved (e.g.. ENERGY_BB.DAT) and the new file (ENERGY_GW.DAT) should be duplicated as ENERGY.D AT to be read in using the -f option. Similarly for reading in an alternate FLOU RE.DAT file. As with previous versions, the user can also simply input different values of any input quantity by invoking the "specify your own parameters" opti on from the main menu. You can also use this option to simply check the values o f the built-in values of the parameters. If it still happens that a zero binding energy for a particular sub-shell is read in, the program will not completely a bort, but will calculate results for the other sub-shells while setting the affe cted sub-shell output to zero. In calculating the Coulomb deflection factor, if the quantity inside the radical sign of the parameter z(s) z(s) = root(1-(4/M ze ta(s)theta(s))(zeta(s)/xi(s)))(2) becomes zero or negative, to prevent the progr am from aborting, the PWBA cross sections are still calculated while the ECPSSR cross sections are set to zero. This situation can happen for very low energy co llisions, such as were noticed for helium ions on copper at energies of E = 96%) in post-impact compression strength. The process involved inf usion of a healing resin through the vascule channels. Resin egress from the bac kface damage, ultrasonic C-scan testing, and microscopic evaluation all provide evidence that sufficient vascule-damage connectivity exists to confer a reliable and efficient self-healing function. [Norris, CJ; Meadway, GJ; O'Sullivan, MJ ; Bond, IP; Trask, RS] Univ Bristol, Adv Composite Ctr Innovat & Sci, Dept Aeros p Engn, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England Norris, CJ (reprint author), Univ Bristo l, Adv Composite Ctr Innovat & Sci, Dept Aerosp Engn, Queens Bldg, Bristol BS8 1 TR, Avon, England
[email protected] UK Engineering and Physical Scie nces Research Council; UK Ministry of Defence via the Defence Science and Techno logy Laboratory under CRASHCOMPS[EP/G003599]; Airbus UK The authors would like t o thank the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and UK Ministr y of Defence via the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory for funding this work under CRASHCOMPS (EP/G003599), Airbus UK for their additional financial sup port and the following individuals for their help in preparing this paper, Mr S. N. Chilton for machining of the numerous CAI specimens and Mr I. K. Chorley for his assistance in the preparation of the composite laminates. 66 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214
8, MA USA 1616-301X ADV FUNCT MATER Adv. Funct. Mater. OCT 7 2011 21 19 3624 3633 10.1002/adfm.201101100 10 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Ch emistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidiscipl inary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter Chemistry; Science & Tec hnology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics 824TK WOS:000295224900 003 J Feng, JS; Tuominen, MT; Rothstein, JP Feng, Ji ansheng; Tuominen, Mark T.; Rothstein, Jonathan P. Hierarchical Sup erhydrophobic Surfaces Fabricated by Dual-Scale Electron-Beam-Lithography with W ell-Ordered Secondary Nanostructures ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS English Article SOLAR-CELLS; DES IGN; STABILITY; ADHESIVES; CREATION; SU-8 Recent studies on superhydrophob ic surfaces have revealed the important roles of structural hierarchy in the ove rall properties of these surfaces. Here, a novel, versatile, and efficient techn ique is introduced for fabricating macroscopic hierarchical superhydrophobic sur faces with both well-defined primary microstructures and well-ordered secondary nanostructures using electron-beam lithography. With this technique, the enginee ring capability of controlling the size, shape, and distribution of the secondar y-features is demonstrated, which allows a systematic and quantitative study of the individual effects of these parameters. Superhydrophobic surfaces produced b y this new technique exhibit two distinctive wetting behaviors, high and low adh esion. The structural characteristics and structure-property relations of each o f those two regimes are discussed. [Feng, JS; Tuominen, MT] Univ Massachuse tts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA; [Rothstein, JP] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA Feng, JS (reprint author), Univ Massachu setts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
[email protected]; tuominen@phy sics.umass.edu;
[email protected] NSF Center for Hierarchical Manufacturin g at UMASS[CMMI-0531171] The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the NSF Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing at UMASS (Grant number CMMI-053117 1). We would also like to extend our appreciations to Stefan Dickert, Nicholas H endricks, and John Nicholson for the helpful discussions. 47 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1616-301X ADV FUNCT MATER Adv. Funct. Mater. OCT 7 2011 21 19 3715 3722 10.1002/adfm.201100665 8 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Ch emistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidiscipl inary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter Chemistry; Science & Tec hnology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics 824TK WOS:000295224900 014 J Jim, SR; Oko, AJ; Taschuk, MT; Brett, MJ Jim, S. R.; Oko, A. J.; Taschuk, M. T.; Brett, M. J. Morphological mo dification of nanostructured ultrathin-layer chromatography stationary phases JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A English Article Ultrathin-layer chromatography (UTLC); Glancing angle deposition (GLAD); Nanostr uctured thin films; Reactive ion etching (RIE); Concentration zones THIN-FIL MS; PLANAR CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELECTROSPUN; DEPOSITION; REMOVAL; SILICON Ultrathi n-layer chromatography (UTLC) provides the high sensitivities and rapid separati ons over short distances desirable in many analytical applications. The dependen ce of these performance benefits on UTLC layer microstructure motivates continue d stationary phase engineering efforts. A new method of modifying the elution be haviours of nanostructured thin film UTLC stationary phases is investigated in t his report. Macroporous normal phase silica thin films similar to 5 mu m thick w ere fabricated using glancing angle deposition (GLAD). Reactive ion etching (RIE ) and a subsequent annealing treatment modified stationary phase morphology to t une migration velocity, analyte retention, and overall separation performance. C ombining this technique with a RIE shadow mask enabled fabrication of adjacent c oncentration and separation zones with markedly different elution properties. Al though produced using an entirely new approach, GLAD UTLC concentration zone med ia behaved in a manner consistent with traditional thin-layer chromatography (TL
C) and high-performance TLC (HPTLC) concentration zone plates. In particular, th ese new media focused large volume, low concentration dye mixture spots into nar row bands to achieve high-quality separations. The described approach to modifyi ng the morphology and resultant elution behaviours of nanostructured stationary phases expands the capabilities of the GLAD UTLC technique. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. [Jim, SR; Oko, AJ; Taschuk, MT; Brett, MJ] Univ Alberta, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada; [Brett, MJ] NRC Natl Inst Nanotechnol, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada Brett, MJ (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2nd Floor ECERF,9107-116 St NW, Edmonton, AB T 6G 2V4, Canada
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]; mbret
[email protected] Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Can ada; Alberta Informatics Circle of Research Excellence (iCORE), Micralyne Inc. ( Edmonton, Alberta, Canada); Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures The auth ors appreciate the support provided in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineer ing Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, the Alberta Informatics Circle of Resear ch Excellence (iCORE), Micralyne Inc. (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada), and Alberta I nnovates - Technology Futures. They are also grateful for the assistance provide d by S. Munro (University of Alberta NanoFab) with the RIE-processing. The autho rs further acknowledge the expert scanning electron microscopy work of G. Braybr ook (University of Alberta Earth and Atmospheric Sciences SEM Lab), J. Siewert ( Glancing Angle Deposition Laboratory, University of Alberta), and the NRC Nation al Institute for Nanotechnology Electron Microscopy Facility. The authors also r ecognize the assistance provided by L. Huck (Buriak Research Group, University o f Alberta) and N. Beckers (Glancing Angle Deposition Laboratory, University of A lberta) in the FTIR surface characterization of etched GLAD media. 37 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0021-9673 J CHROMATOGR A J. Chrom atogr. A OCT 7 2011 1218 40 7203 7210 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.024 8 Biochemi cal Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Chemistry 825RU WOS:000295300600016 J Misener, JA; Biswas, S; Larson, G Misener, James A.; Biswas, Subir; Larson, Greg Development of V-to-X systems in North America: The promise, the pitfalls and the prognosis COMPUTER NETWORK S English Article Vehicle Infrastructure Integration; IntelliDrive(SM); Connected vehicle; SafeTrip-21,DSR C,3G,4G The development of V-to-X systems in North America is described with a focus on the services and applications that may appear, particularly in t he United States. The scope of this article is therefore broad, and while it inv olves engineering the emphasis is on transportation applications from V-to-X: th is dictates consideration of societal and institutional considerations. Differen t types of over-the-air interfaces are covered, followed by a description of the evolution of the Vehicle Infrastructure Integration program into IntelliDrivesm , and subsequently to the more generic term, connected vehicle next, vehicle-toinfrastructure and vehicle-to-vehicle components are covered. The vehicle-to-veh icle section describes an analysis that suggests that the USDOT path toward mand ating Dedicated Short Range Communications transceivers on vehicles may be wellfounded. Anticipated institutional arrangements in addition to research and depl oyment ideas for the vehicle and infrastructure are then covered in a section en titled "the short horizon". Finally, the future of V-to-X in North America is di scussed from "the long horizon" view. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved . [Misener, JA] Booz Allen Hamilton, San Francisco, CA 94111 USA; [Biswas, S] Michigan State Univ, Associate Chair Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA; [Larson, G] Calif Dept Transportat, Div Res & Innovat, Office Traff Operat Res, Sacrament o, CA 95814 USA Misener, JA (reprint author), Booz Allen Hamilton, 101 Calif St, Suite 3300, San Francisco, CA 94111 USA
[email protected]; sbiswa-s@egr. msu.edu 21 1 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 1389-1286 COMPUT NETW Comput. Netw. OCT 6 2011 55 14 SI 3120 3133 10.1016/j.comnet.2011.04.003 14
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems ; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications Computer Science ; Engineering; Telecommunications 825VD WOS:000295309300003 J Paudel, HP; Zhong, LL; Bayat, K; Baroughi, MF; Smith, S; Lin, CK; Jiang, CY; Berry, MT; May, PS Paudel, Hari P.; Zhong, Lanlan; Bayat, Khadijeh; Baroughi, Mahdi Farrokh; Smith, Steve; Lin, Cuikun; Jiang, Chao yang; Berry, Mary T.; May, P. Stanley Enhancement of Near-Infrared-toVisible Upconversion Luminescence Using Engineered Plasmonic Gold Surfaces JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C English Article DOPED NAYF4 NANOCRYSTALS; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; FIELD ENHA NCEMENT; HEXAGONAL-PHASE; PBO-GEO2 GLASS; IN-VIVO; FLUORESCENCE; TRANSPARENT; EM ISSION An engineered plasmonic gold surface, specifically designed to couple wi th 980 nm radiation, is shown to enhance near-infrared-to-visible upconversion l uminescence from a monolayer of beta-NaYF(4): 17%Yb, 3%Er nanocrystals in poly(m ethyl methacrylate) on that gold surface. Confocal imaging of upconversion lumin escence from the surface is used to characterize the nature of the enhancement. It is shown that the luminescence data were acquired below the so-called "high p ower limit" for excitation, but some saturation was evident, as the observed pow er dependence was less than quadratic. Over the range of excitation power densit ies used, the intrinsic enhancement factor for upconversion from the patterned s urface was greater than a factor of 3 but decreased slowly with increasing excit ation power. The red and green upconversion were enhanced by similar factors, wh ich would support the intensification of the excitation field by the plasmonic s urface as being the mechanism of enhancement. In the absence of other enhancemen t or quenching mechanisms, the data imply an approximate 2-fold magnification of the excitation field intensity relative to smooth gold. [Lin, CK; Jiang, CY; Berry, MT; May, PS] Univ S Dakota, Dept Chem, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA; [Pa udel, HP; Bayat, K; Baroughi, MF] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sc i, Brookings, SD 57007 USA; [Zhong, LL; Smith, S] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Nanosci & Nanoengn Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA May, PS (reprint author) , Univ S Dakota, Dept Chem, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA
[email protected] National Science Foundation[EPSCoR 0903804, CHE 0840507]; State of South Dakota; Researc h Corporation[CC6748]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration[NNX10AN34A] This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (E PSCoR 0903804 and CHE 0840507) and by the State of South Dakota. Additional supp ort was provided by Research Corporation (CC6748) and the National Aeronautics a nd Space Administration (Cooperative Agreement Number: NNX10AN34A). The authors acknowledge Lynn Gedvilas of the Electro-optics Characterization group at NREL f or making the reflectivity measurements. The authors also acknowledge the Nanofa brication Center at the University of Minnesota for providing access to the elec tron beam lithography and thermal evaporation systems. 57 0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA 1932-7447 J PHYS CHEM C J. Phys. Chem. C OCT 6 2011 115 39 19028 19036 10.1021/jp206053f 9 Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Chemistry; Science & Tec hnology - Other Topics; Materials Science 825BI WOS:000295245500015 J Bueno, CZ; Moraes, AM Bueno, Cecilia Zorzi; Mo raes, Angela Maria Development of Porous Lamellar Chitosan-Alginate Membranes: Effect of Different Surfactants on Biomaterial Properties JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE English Article membranes; biopolymers; biomaterials; chitosan; alginate; surfactants; wound dre ssing TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS; LIPOPHILIC DRUGS; SCAFFOLD; DELIVERY; S PONGES; BIODEGRADATION; MICROCAPSULES; MICROSPHERES; MORPHOLOGY; HYDROGELS In this work, porous lamellar chitosan-alginate membranes were developed without the use of freeze-drying methods or other vacuum-based approaches. The effects of two different surfactants, Tween 80 and Pluronic F68, on the properties of th e membranes were evaluated, aiming at the production of stable consistent foams with improved polysaccharide dispersion. The membranes prepared with Tween 80 ha d a tensile strength around 1.5 MPa, elongation at break of 2.1% and liquid upta
ke from 590 to 1370% in distinct solutions, increasing their thickness in up to 3.9 times when immersed in water. The membranes obtained with Pluronic F68 had a tensile strength of 1.0 MPa, elongation at break of 2.0% and liquid uptake from 774 to 1380%, showing an increase in thickness around 3.2 times after exposure to water. The antimicrobial properties of both membranes were also evaluated, sh owing that despite being porous, the membranes can provide some protection again st bacterial permeation. Therefore, membranes produced with Tween 80 and Pluroni c F68 were considered to have high potential for use in the production of wound dressings and scaffolds for tissue engineering. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 624-631, 2011 [Bueno, CZ; Moraes, AM] Univ Estadual Ca mpinas, Sch Chem Engn, Dept Biotechnol Proc, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil Moraes, AM (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Chem Engn, Dept Biotech nol Proc, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
[email protected] Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estudo de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) from Brazil Contract grant sponsors: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), the Funda cao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estudo de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) from Brazil. 45 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0021-8995 J APPL POLYM SCI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. OCT 5 2011 122 1 624 631 10.1002/app.34192 8 Polymer Science Polymer Science 802NZ WOS:000293519600070 J Palacios, MA; Benito-Pena, E; Manesse, M; Mazzeo, AD; LaFratta, CN; Whit esides, GM; Walt, DR Palacios, Manuel A.; Benito-Pena , Elena; Manesse, Mael; Mazzeo, Aaron D.; LaFratta, Christopher N.; Whitesides, George M.; Walt, David R. InfoBiology by printed arrays of microor ganism colonies for timed and on-demand release of messages PROCEEDINGS OF T HE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA English Article biotechnology; infochemistry; in formation technology INFORMATION; DNA; STORAGE; INFOCHEMISTRY; TRANSMISSION; INFOFUSES; PATTERNS; COLOR This paper presents a proof-of-principle method, called InfoBiology, to write and encode data using arrays of genetically engine ered strains of Escherichia coli with fluorescent proteins (FPs) as phenotypic m arkers. In InfoBiology, we encode, send, and release information using living or ganisms as carriers of data. Genetically engineered systems offer exquisite cont rol of both genotype and phenotype. Living systems also offer the possibility fo r timed release of information as phenotypic features can take hours or days to develop. We use growth media and chemically induced gene expression as cipher ke ys or "biociphers" to develop encoded messages. The messages, called Steganograp hy by Printed Arrays of Microbes (SPAM), consist of a matrix of spots generated by seven strains of E. coli, with each strain expressing a different FP. The cod ing scheme for these arrays relies on strings of paired, septenary digits, where each pair represents an alphanumeric character. In addition, the photophysical properties of the FPs offer another method for ciphering messages. Unique combin ations of excited and emitted wavelengths generate distinct fluorescent patterns from the Steganography by Printed Arrays of Microbes (SPAM). This paper shows a new form of steganography based on information from engineered living systems. The combination of bio- and "photociphers" along with controlled timed-release e xemplify the capabilities of InfoBiology, which could enable biometrics, communi cation through compromised channels, easy-to-read bar-coding of biological produ cts, or provide a deterrent to counter-feiting. [Palacios, MA; Benito-Pena, E; M anesse, M; LaFratta, CN; Walt, DR] Tufts Univ, Dept Chem, Medford, MA 02155 USA; [Mazzeo, AD; Whitesides, GM] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA; [LaFratta, CN] Bard Coll, Dept Chem, Annandale on Hudson, NY 12504 U SA Walt, DR (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Chem, 62 Talbot Ave, Medford , MA 02155 USA
[email protected] Defense Advanced Research Projects Agenc y[W911NF-07-1-0647]; Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECYT) We thank Dr. Lorena B. Harris and Dr. Kristina H. Schmidt and her lab at Univers ity of South Florida for the assistance with the cloning and for providing some vectors for this project. Also, we thank Aaron Phillips and Stephanie M. Schuber
t for insightful discussions during the preparation of this manuscript. This wor k was supported by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Award W911NF-07-1-0 647 under the Chemical Communications program. E. B. P. also acknowledges suppor t from the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECYT). 22 0 0 NATL ACAD SCIENCES WASHINGTON 2101 CONSTITUTIO N AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA 0027-8424 P NATL ACAD SCI USA Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. OCT 4 2011 108 40 16510 16514 10.1073/pnas.1109554108 5 Multidis ciplinary Sciences Science & Technology - Other Topics 828WX WOS:0002 95536000013 J Roberts, JJ; Wood, RA; Haszeldine, RS Roberts, Jennifer J.; Wood, Rachel A.; Haszeldine, R. Stuart Assessing the he alth risks of natural CO(2) seeps in Italy PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACAD EMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA English Article carbon dioxide; storage leak; public acceptance; engineered sequestration; aquif er GEOLOGIC DISPOSAL RESERVOIR; CARBON-DIOXIDE; MAMMOTH MOUNTAIN; STORAGE; LEAKAGE; CALIFORNIA; EMISSIONS; FLOW; SOIL Industrialized societies which c ontinue to use fossil fuel energy sources are considering adoption of Carbon Cap ture and Storage (CCS) technology to meet carbon emission reduction targets. Dee p geological storage of CO(2) onshore faces opposition regarding potential healt h effects of CO(2) leakage from storage sites. There is no experience of commerc ial scale CCS with which to verify predicted risks of engineered storage failure . Studying risk from natural CO(2) seeps can guide assessment of potential healt h risks from leaking onshore CO(2) stores. Italy and Sicily are regions of inten se natural CO(2) degassing from surface seeps. These seeps exhibit a variety of expressions, characteristics (e. g., temperature/flux), and location environment s. Here we quantify historical fatalities from CO(2) poisoning using a database of 286 natural CO(2) seeps in Italy and Sicily. We find that risk of human death is strongly influenced by seep surface expression, local conditions (e. g., top ography and wind speed), CO(2) flux, and human behavior. Risk of accidental huma n death from these CO(2) seeps is calculated to be 10-8 year-1 to the exposed po pulation. This value is significantly lower than that of many socially accepted risks. Seepage from future storage sites is modeled to be less that Italian natu ral flux rates. With appropriate hazard management, health risks from unplanned seepage at onshore storage sites can be adequately minimized. [Roberts, JJ; Wo od, RA; Haszeldine, RS] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Grant Inst, Edinburgh EH9 3J W, Midlothian, Scotland Roberts, JJ (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci , Grant Inst, W Mains Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Midlothian, Scotland jen.robe
[email protected] Scottish Carbon Capture and Storage consortium; College of Scien ce and Engineering, University of Edinburgh We thank C. Cardellini, G. Chiod ini, S. Giammanco, and A. Caracausi for valued discussions and information. This research is funded by the Scottish Carbon Capture and Storage consortium and th e College of Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh. 34 0 0 NATL ACAD SCIENCES WASHINGTON 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW , WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA 0027-8424 P NATL ACAD SCI USA Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. OCT 4 2011 108 40 16545 16548 10.1073/pnas.1018590108 4 Multidis ciplinary Sciences Science & Technology - Other Topics 828WX WOS:0002 95536000019 J Fukunishi, H; Yagi, H; Kamijo, K; Shimada, J Fukunishi, Hiroaki; Yagi, Hirotaka; Kamijo, Ken'ichi; Shimada, Jiro Role of a Mutated Residue at the Entrance of the Substrate Access Channel in Cyt ochrome P450 Engineered for Vitamin D(3) Hydroxylation Activity BIOCHEMISTRY English Article MOLECULAR-DYNAMI CS SIMULATIONS; FREE-ENERGY DIFFERENCES; PARTICLE MESH EWALD; PRODUCTS EXIT; FOR CE-FIELD; MEAN FORCE; RESP MODEL; COMPLEX; BINDING; SITE The cytochrome P 450 enzyme engineered for enhancement of vitamin D(3) (VD(3)) hydroxylation acti vity, Vdh-K1, includes four mutations (T70R, V156L, E216M, and E384R) compared t o the wild-type enzyme. Plausible roles for V156L, E216M, and E384R have been su ggested by crystal structure analysis (Protein Data Bank 3A50), but the role of
T70R, which is located at the entrance of the substrate access channel, remained unclear. In this study, the role of the T70R mutation was investigated by using computational approaches. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and steered molec ular dynamics (SMD) simulations were performed, and differences between R70 and T70 were compared in terms of structural change, binding free energy change (PMF ), and interaction force between the enzyme and substrate. MD simulations reveal ed that R70 forms a salt bridge with D42 and the salt bridge affects the locatio ns and the conformations of VD(3) in the bound state. SMD simulations revealed t hat the salt bridge tends to be formed strongly when VD(3) passes through the bi nding pocket. PMFs showed that the T70R mutation leads to energetic stabilizatio n of enzyme-VD(3) binding in the region near the heme active site. Interestingly , these results concluded that the D42-R70 salt bridge at the entrance of the su bstrate access channel affects the region near the heme active site where the hy droxylation of VD(3) occurs; i.e., it is thought that the T70R mutation plays an important role in enhancing VD(3) hydroxylation activity. A significant future challenge is to compare the hydroxylation activities of R70 and T70 directly by a quantum chemical calculation, and three-dimensional coordinates of the enzyme and VD(3) obtained from MD and SMD simulations will be available for the future challenge. [Fukunishi, H; Kamijo, K; Shimada, J] NEC Corp Ltd, Green Innova t Res Labs, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058501, Japan; [Yagi, H] NEC Soft Ltd, VALWAY Tech nol Ctr, Koto Ku, Tokyo 1368627, Japan Fukunishi, H (reprint author), NEC Corp Ltd, Green Innovat Res Labs, 34 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058501, Japan
[email protected] project on the "Development of Basic Technologie s for Advanced Production Methods Using Microorganism Functions" This wor k was supported in part by the project on the "Development of Basic Technologies for Advanced Production Methods Using Microorganism Functions" organized by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). 45 0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW , WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA 0006-2960 BIOCHEMISTRY-US Biochemi stry OCT 4 2011 50 39 8302 8310 10.1021/bi2006493 9 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 824FG WOS:000295187200006 J Ames, BD; Lee, MY; Moody, C; Zhang, WJ; Tang, Y; Tsai, SC Ames, Brian D.; Lee, Ming-Yue; Moody, Colleen; Zhang, Wenjun; Tang, Yi; Tsai, Sh iou-Chuan Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Zhul Arom atase/Cyclase from the R1128 Polyketide Pathway BIOCHEMISTRY English Article ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN; FA TTY-ACID SYNTHASE; ENGINEERED BIOSYNTHESIS; AROMATIC POLYKETIDES; CRYSTAL-STRUCT URE; GENE-CLUSTER; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; COELICOLOR A3(2); CYCLIZATION; RECON STITUTION Aromatic polyketides comprise an important class of natural prod ucts that possess a wide range of biological activities. The cyclization of the polyketide chain is a critical control point in the biosynthesis of aromatic pol yketides. The aromatase/cyclases (ARO/CYCs) are an important component of the ty pe II polyketide synthase (PKS) and help fold the polyketide for regiospecific c yclizations of the first ring and/or aromatization, promoting two commonly obser ved first-ring cyclization patterns for the bacterial type II PKSs: C7-C12 and C 9-C14. We had previously reported the crystal structure and enzymological analys es of the TcmN ARO/CYC, which promotes C9-C14 first-ring cyclization. However, h ow C7-C12 first-ring cyclization is controlled remains unresolved. In this work, we present the 2.4 angstrom crystal structure of ZhuI, a C7-C12-specific firstring ARO/CYC from the type II PKS pathway responsible for the production of the R1128 polyketides. Though ZhuI possesses a helix-grip fold shared by TcmN ARO/CY C, there are substantial differences in overall structure and pocket residue com position that may be important for directing C7-C12 (rather than C9-C14) cycliza tion. Docking studies and site-directed mutagenesis coupled to an in vitro activ ity assay demonstrate that ZhuI pocket residues R66, H109, and D146 are importan t for enzyme function. The ZhuI crystal structure helps visualize the structure and putative dehydratase function of the didomain ARO/CYCs from KR-containing ty pe II PKSs. The sequence-structure-function analysis described for ZhuI elucidat es the molecular mechanisms that control C7-C12 first-ring polyketide cyclizatio
n and builds a foundation for future endeavors into directing cyclization patter ns for engineered biosynthesis of aromatic polyketides. [Ames, BD; Lee, MY; Mood y, C; Tsai, SC] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ; [Tsai, SC] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA; [Tsai, SC] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA; [Zhang, WJ; Tang, Y] U niv Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90096 USA Tsai, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, C A 92697 USA
[email protected] Pew Foundation; National Institute of General Me dical Sciences[R01GM076330]; NIH[1RO1GM085128] S.-C.T., B.D.A., and M.-Y.L. are supported by the Pew Foundation and the National Institute of General Medical S ciences (Grant R01GM076330). Y.T. is supported NIH Grant 1RO1GM085128. 59 0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW , WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA 0006-2960 BIOCHEMISTRY-US Biochemi stry OCT 4 2011 50 39 8392 8406 10.1021/bi200593m 15 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 824FG WOS:000295187200015 J Deniz, E; Tomasulo, M; Cusido, J; Sortino, S; Raymo, FM Deniz, Erhan; Tomasulo, Massimiliano; Cusido, Janet; Sortino, Salvatore; Raymo, Francisco M. Fast and Stable Photochromic Oxazines for Fluorescence S witching LANGMUIR English Article SPIROPYRAN-DERIVED MEROCYANINES; RING-OPENING REACTION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; LASER P HOTOLYSIS; ULTRAFAST DYNAMICS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; TRIPLET PATHWAY; SINGLET; NITR OSPIROPYRANS; PHOTOPROCESSES The stringent limitations imposed by diffraction on the spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopes demand the identification of viable strategies to switch fluorescence under optical control. In this cont ext, the photoinduced and reversible transformations of photochromic compounds a re particularly valuable. In fact., these molecules can be engineered to regulat e the emission intensities of complementary fluorophores in response to optical stimulations. On the basis of this general design logic, we assembled a function al molecular construct consisting of a borondipyrromethene fluorophore and a nit rospiropyran photochrome and demonstrated that the emission of the former can be modulated with the interconversion of the latter. This fluorophore photochrome dyad, however, has a slow switching speed and poor fatigue resistance. To improv e both parameters, we developed a new family of photochromic switches based on t he photoinduced opening and thermal closing of an oxazine ring. These compounds switch back and forth between ring-closed and -open isomers on nanosecond micros econd timescales and tolerate thousands of switching cycles with no sign of degr adation. In addition, the attachment of appropriate chromophoric fragments to th eir switchable oxazine ring can be exploited to either deactivate or activate fl uorescence reversibly in response to illumination with a pair of exciting beams. Specifically, we assembled three dyads, each based on either a borondipyrrometh ene or a coumarin fluorophore and an oxazine photochrome, and modulated their fl uorescence in a few microseconds with outstanding fatigue resistance. The unique photochemical and photophysical properties of our fluorophore photochrome dyads can facilitate the development of switchable fluorophores for superresolution i maging and, ultimately, provide valuable molecular probes for the visualization of biological samples on the nanometer level. [Sortino, S] Univ Catania, Dept Drug Sci, Lab Photochem, I-95125 Catania, Italy; [Deniz, E; Tomasulo, M; Cusido, J; Raymo, FM] Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Lab Mol Photon, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA Sortino, S (reprint author), Univ Catania, Dept Drug Sci, Lab Photochem, Viale A ndrea Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy
[email protected];
[email protected] National Science Foundation[CHE-0237578, CHE-0749840]; University of Miami We thank the National Science Foundation (CAREER Award CHE-0237578 and CHE-07498 40) and the University of Miami for financial support. 102 0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA 0743-7463 LANGMUIR Langmuir OCT 4 2011 27 19 11773 11783 10.1021/ la201062h 11 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Chemistry; Materials Science 824FH WOS:000295187300009
J Losego, MD; Guske, JT; Efremenko, A; Maria, JP; Franzen, S Losego, Mark D.; Guske, Joshua T.; Efremenko, Alina; Maria, Jon-Paul; Franzen, S tefan Characterizing the Molecular Order of Phosphonic Acid Self-Assem bled Monolayers on Indium Tin Oxide Surfaces LANGMUIR English Article LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; T HIN-FILMS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CHARGE INJECTION; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ORIENTATION; ALKANETHIOL; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE Self-assembled monolayer s (SAMs) of alkanephosphonic acids with chain lengths between 8 and 18 carbon un its were formed on thin films of indium tin oxide (ITO) sputter-deposited on sil icon substrates with 400 nm thermally grown SiO(2). The silicon substrates, whil e not intended for use in near-IR or visible optics applications, do provide smo oth surfaces that permit systematic engineering of grain size and surface roughn ess as a function of the sputter pressure. Argon sputter pressures from 4 to 20 mTorr show systematic changes in surface morphology ranging from smooth, microme ter-sized grain structures to 9 h). Nonli near isotherms can describe the distribution behavior of nC60 and fullerol. The lipid bilayer water distributions of both nC(60) and fullerol were pH-dependent with the accumulation in lipid bilayers increasing systematically as the pH decr eased from 8.6 (natural water pH) to 3 (the low end of physiologically relevant pH). This pH dependency varies with the zeta potentials of the ENMs and leads to
patterns similar to those previously observed for the lipid bilayer water distr ibution behavior of ionizable organic pollutants. The K(lipw) value for nC(60) w as larger than that of fullerol at a given pH, indicating a greater propensity f or nC(60) to interact with lipid bilayers. For example, at pH 7.4 and an aqueous concentration of 10 mg/L, K(lipw), was 3.5 times greater for nC(60) (log K(lipw ) = 2.99) relative to fullerol (log K(lipw) = 2.45). Comparisons with existing a quatic organism bioaccumulation studies suggested that the lipid bilayer water d istribution is a potential method for assessing the bioaccumulation potentials o f ENMs. [Hou, WC; Westerhoff, P] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Buil t Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA Hou, WC (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sc h Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
[email protected]; j
[email protected] United States Department of Energy[DE-FG02-08ER64613] Financial support was provided by the United States Department of Energy under a ward no. DE-FG02-08ER64613 with Daniel Drell as the program manager. We thank Dr . Guixue Song for recording the FTIR spectrum for the fullerol sample. 49 0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW , WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA 0743-7463 LANGMUIR Langmuir OCT 4 2011 27 19 11899 11905 10.1021/la2017837 7 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Ch emistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Chemistry; Materials Sci ence 824FH WOS:000295187300024 J Wu, JCS; Banares, MA Wu, Jeffrey C. S.; Banar es, Miguel A. Challenges for Changing Catalysis in Asia - selected pap ers from The 13th Asia Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress Pr eface CATALYSIS TODAY English Editorial Material [Wu, JCS] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; [Banares, MA] CSIC, Inst Catalisis, Catalyt Spect Lab, E-28049 Madrid, Spain Wu, JCS (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Taipei 10617, Taiwan cswu@ntu .edu.tw;
[email protected] 0 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLAN DS 0920-5861 CATAL TODAY Catal. Today OCT 2 2011 174 1 1 1 10.1016/j.cattod .2011.06.020 1 Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical Chemistry; Engineering 812PE WOS:000294304600001 J Elkins, KM Elkins, Kelly M. Designing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Primer Multiplexes in the Forensic Lab oratory JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION English Article Upper-Division Undergraduate; Biochemistry; Interdisciplinary/Multidisciplinary; Laboratory Instruction; Internet/Web-Based Learning; Problem Solving/Decision M aking; Biotechnology; Forensic Chemistry; Molecular Biology; Nucleic Acids/DNA/R NA DNA; AMPLIFICATION; SAMPLES; FOOD The polymerase chain reaction (P CR) is a common experiment in upper-level undergraduate biochemistry, molecular biology, and forensic laboratory courses as reagents and thermocyclers have beco me more affordable for institutions. Typically, instructors design PCR primers t o amplify the region of interest and the students prepare their samples for PCR and analyze the results. However, primers can also be designed in undergraduate laboratories with students at this level. In a course that focuses on forensic D NA molecular biology for forensic chemistry students, students have used the App lied Biosystems AmpF/STR SGM Plus kit that amplifies DNA at eleven regions in a single test tube. It is important for forensic chemistry students to be able to design and analyze a single set of primers and, more importantly, create multipl exes of primers. This enables students to more fully understand how the primers and the kits that are routinely employed by the crime laboratories function. Cre ating a single set of primers does not demonstrate the extent of design and engi neering inherent in creating multiplexes or adequately prepare students for rese arch and careers in the field. The in silk method described herein uses free bio informatics tools and results in student-designed multiplexes for Combined DNA I ndex System (CODIS) loci. Sample student data are shown. [Elkins, KM] Met ropolitan State Coll, Dept Chem, Denver, CO 80217 USA; [Elkins, KM] Metropolitan State Coll, Criminalist Program, Denver, CO 80217 USA Elkins, KM (reprint auth
or), Metropolitan State Coll, Dept Chem, Denver, CO 80217 USA
[email protected] u ACS Project SEED ACS Project SEED is gratefully acknowledged for a summer stipend for Ain Ealey who tested revisions of this lab in the summer of 2009 and provided useful suggestions. I wish to thank my students in the spring 2011 CHE 3710 Criminalistics II course for trying the improved version of the e xperiment including experimentally testing their primers: Benjamin Bender, Audri onna Kingsley, Hannah Leger, Megan Owens, Tiffany Stone, and Francesca Garcia Wh eeler. I wish to thank my students in the spring 2009 CHE 3710 Criminalistics II course for their suggestions for improvement: Patrick Bevins, Sarah Bonsall, Li ndsay Christopherson Powis, Kali Gipson, Natalie Hernandez, Raelynn Kadunc, Jeff rey Minutillo, Carrie Melanson, Tanya Mokelki, Michelle Montoya, and Zachary Mor in. I wish to thank my students in the spring 2008 CHE 3710 Criminalistics II co urse for their patience, cooperation and input in the inaugural running of this lab: Katelin Arnold, Jennifer Auger, Lydia Benyam, Megan Jones McDowell, Jacquel ine Keller, Erin Knopka, Gina Mann, Susan McLaughlin, Andrea Moore, Melanie Newm an, Stephanie Sauter, Kurt Smith, Nia Travers, and Nikole Whitsitt. 20 0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW , WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA 0021-9584 J CHEM EDUC J. Chem. Educ. OCT 2011 88 10 1422 1427 10.1021/ed100676b 6 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Ed ucation, Scientific Disciplines Chemistry; Education & Educational Research 827QI WOS:000295442600020 J Rosa-Clot, M; Rosa-Clot, P; Tina, GM Rosa-Clo t, M.; Rosa-Clot, P.; Tina, G. M. TESPI: Thermal Electric Solar Pa nel Integration SOLAR ENERGY English Article Hybrid PV/T system; Solar water heater; Spectral absorption; Thermal efficiency; Electrical efficiency COLLECTOR; SYSTEMS A photovoltaic panel with a heat extraction system is studied. The solution we suggest consists in superimposing a water layer on the PV panel: the water layer absorbs the infrared radiation l eaving the visible part almost unaffected. This allows a good PV efficiency and heat production. This particular setup is called Thermal Electric Solar Panel In tegration (TESPI) and it is discussed in detail both for the electric and the th ermal part. The engineering problems are briefly analyzed and results of an expe rimental campaign are given. A definition of the global thermal-electric efficie ncy is given. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Tina, GM] Univ Catania, DIEES Dept Elect Elect & Systemist Engn, I-95125 Catania, Italy; [RosaClot, M; Rosa-Clot, P] Sci Ind Tecnol Srl, I-56023 Navacchio, PI, Italy Tina, GM (reprint author), Univ Catania, DIEES Dept Elect Elect & Systemist Engn, Vle A Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy
[email protected] 19 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0038-092X SOL ENERGY Sol. Energy OCT 2011 85 10 2433 2442 10.1016/j.solener.2011.07.003 10 Energy & Fuels Energy & Fuels 829GV WOS:000295567500003 J Lombardo, A; Cesana, D; Genovese, P; Di Stefano, B; Provasi, E; Colombo, DF; Neri, M; Magnani, Z; Cantore, A; Lo Riso, P; Damo, M; Pello, OM; Holmes, MC ; Gregory, PD; Gritti, A; Broccoli, V; Bonini, C; Naldini, L Lombardo, Angelo; Cesana, Daniela; Genovese, Pietro; Di Stefano, Bruno; Provasi, Elena; Colombo, Daniele F.; Neri, Margherita; Magnani, Zulma; Cantore, Alessio; Lo Riso, Pietro; Damo, Martina; Pello, Oscar M.; Holmes, Michael C.; Gregory, P hilip D.; Gritti, Angela; Broccoli, Vania; Bonini, Chiara; Naldini, Luigi Site-specific integration and tailoring of cassette design for sustainable gene transfer NATURE METHODS English Article ZINC-FINGER NUCLEASES; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; LOCUS-CONTROL REGION; IN-VIVO; ADEN OASSOCIATED VIRUS; RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION; LENTIVIRAL VECTOR; THERAPY; EXPRESSI ON; VITRO Integrative gene transfer methods are limited by variable transg ene expression and by the consequences of random insertional mutagenesis that co nfound interpretation in gene-function studies and may cause adverse events in g ene therapy. Site-specific integration may overcome these hurdles. Toward this g oal, we studied the transcriptional and epigenetic impact of different transgene
expression cassettes, targeted by engineered zinc-finger nucleases to the CCR5 and AAVS1 genomic loci of human cells. Analyses performed before and after integ ration defined features of the locus and cassette design that together allow rob ust transgene expression without detectable transcriptional perturbation of the targeted locus and its flanking genes in many cell types, including primary huma n lymphocytes. We thus provide a framework for sustainable gene transfer in AAVS 1 that can be used for dependable genetic manipulation, neutral marking of the c ell and improved safety of therapeutic applications, and demonstrate its feasibi lity by rapidly generating human lymphocytes and stem cells carrying targeted an d benign transgene insertions. [Lombardo, A; Cesana, D; Genovese, P; Colombo, D F; Neri, M; Cantore, A; Lo Riso, P; Damo, M; Pello, OM; Gritti, A; Naldini, L] I st Sci San Raffaele, San Raffaele Telethon Inst Gene Therapy, Div Regenerat Med Gene Therapy & Stem Cells, I-20132 Milan, Italy; [Lombardo, A; Cesana, D; Genove se, P; Provasi, E; Colombo, DF; Neri, M; Cantore, A; Lo Riso, P; Damo, M; Naldin i, L] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; [Di Stefano, B; Broccoli, V] Ist Sci San Raffaele, Stem Cell & Neurogenesis Unit, Div Neurosci, I-20132 Milan , Italy; [Provasi, E; Magnani, Z; Bonini, C] Ist Sci San Raffaele, Expt Hematol Unit, Div Regenerat Med Gene Therapy & Stem Cells, Program Immunol & Bioimmunoth erapy Canc, I-20132 Milan, Italy; [Holmes, MC; Gregory, PD] Sangamo BioSci Inc, Richmond, CA USA Naldini, L (reprint author), Ist Sci San Raffaele, San R affaele Telethon Inst Gene Therapy, Div Regenerat Med Gene Therapy & Stem Cells, I-20132 Milan, Italy
[email protected] Telethon[TGT06B02]; EU[222878]; European Research Council[249845]; Fondazione Cariplo; Italian Ministry of Healt h (Giovani Ricercatori); Italian Ministry of Research and University (Ideas), It alian Ministry of Health (Giovani Ricercatori); Associazione Italiana per la Ric erca sul Cancro We thank B. Celona, A. Anselmo and F. Ungaro for help with some experiments, A. Agresti, M. Bianchi and D. Gabellini for critical discussion, C. Di Serio and A. Nonis for statistical counseling, K. Ponder (Washington Univers ity, St. Louis), C. Miao (University of Washington, Seattle) and A. Recchia (Uni versity of Modena and Reggio Emilia) for providing reagents. Research was suppor ted by Telethon (Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy grant), 7th EU F ramework Programme (grant agreement 222878, PERSIST), European Research Council Advanced grant (249845 Targeting Gene Therapy), Fondazione Cariplo (Nobel Projec t) to L.N., Italian Ministry of Health (Giovani Ricercatori) to V.B.; Telethon ( TGT06B02) to A.G.; Italian Ministry of Research and University (Ideas), Italian Ministry of Health (Giovani Ricercatori), Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca s ul Cancro and Fondazione Cariplo to C.B. 45 0 0 NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP LONDON MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND 1548-7091 NAT METHODS Nat. Methods OCT 2011 8 10 861 U135 10.1038/NMETH.16 74 11 Biochemical Research Methods Biochemistry & M olecular Biology 826MJ WOS:000295358000023 J Rosenberg, SA Rosenberg, Steven A. Cell transfer immunotherapy for metastatic solid cancer-what clinicians need to know NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY English Review TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; CD8(+) T-CELLS; ENHANCED ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; VER SUS-HOST-DISEASE; ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY; GENE-THERAPY; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN2; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; AUTOLOGOUS TUMOR Cancer immunothe rapy using the adoptive transfer of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes re sults in objective cancer regression in 49-72% of patients with metastatic melan oma. In a pilot trial combining cell transfer with a maximum lymphodepleting reg imen, complete durable responses were seen in 40% of patients, with complete res ponses ongoing beyond 3 to 7 years. Current approaches to cell transfer therapy using autologous cells genetically engineered to express conventional or chimeri c T-cell receptors have mediated cancer regression in patients with metastatic m elanoma, synovial sarcoma, neuroblastoma and refractory lymphoma. Adoptive cell transfer immunotherapy is a rapidly developing new approach to the therapy of me tastatic cancer in humans. This Review will emphasize the current available appl ications of cell transfer immunotherapy for patients with cancer. Rosenberg, S. A. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 8, 577-585 (2011); published online 2 August 2011; doi
:10.1038/nrclinonc.2011.116 NCI, Surg Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA Rosenberg, SA (reprint author), NCI, Surg Branch, NIH, CRC Bldg 10,Room 3-3940,1 0 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
[email protected] 61 0 0 NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP NEW YORK 75 VARICK ST, 9T H FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA 1759-4774 NAT REV CLIN ONC OL Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. OCT 2011 8 10 577 585 10.1038/nrclinonc.2011.116 9 Oncology Oncology 827CJ WOS:000295403400005 J Lee, J; Choi, YJ; Kim, CH; Kim, HY; Son, Y Lee, Jungsun; Choi, Young-Joo; Kim, Chun Ho; Kim, Hwi-yool; Son, Youngsook Articular Cartilage Repair with Tissue-Engineered Hyaline Cartilage Reconstructe d in a Chitosan-Hyaluronic Acid Scaffold by Costal Chondrocytes TISSUE ENGINEERI NG AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE English Article chitosan; costal chondrocyte; hyaline cartilage; hyaluronic acid; cartilage repa ir MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; IN-VIVO DEGRADATION; VITRO; KNEE; DEFECTS; TRANS PLANTATION; BEHAVIOR; CULTURE; MATRIX; LINES In this study, we evaluated the accessibility of chitosan-based scaffold for tissue-engineered hyaline cartilage (TEHC) in vitro and in vivo using costal chondrocytes (CCs) as an alternative d onor source. Acetylated chitosan scaffold (ACS) was prepared by the treatment of the porous chitosan scaffold (CS) with acetic anhydride. After acetylation of C S, the structural integrity and porosity were maintained but the strength of the scaffold was reduced and the dissolubility was increased. To evaluate the effec tiveness of ACS as a scaffold for TEHC, ASCs with or without hyaluronic acid (HA ) coating and commercial collagen scaffold (COL) as a control were used for cart ilage reconstruction in vitro. In three-dimensional culture within sponge-form s caffolds, CCs re-differentiated to hyaline cartilage-like constructs, which were featured by GAG, type 11 collagen expression and lacunae-like structure. In con trast to no infiltration of inoculated CCs in the COL, extensive infiltration of CCs to the inner part of the scaffold was observed in ACSs with or without hyal uronic acid coating. For the in vivo evaluation of TEHC in the capacity to repai r osteochondral defects, TEHC was transplanted to the full thickness cartilage d efects made on the patellar grove of rabbit knee and was evaluated by immunohist ological examination and Wakitani's histological scoring method of the regenerat ive tissues. TEHC successfully restored hyaline type cartilage and subchondral b one as well, in contrast to the fibrocartilage formation in the untreated contro l. In conclusion, ACSs serve a scaffold for the reconstruction of hyaline cartil age by inoculated CCs in vitro and also for the repair of osteochondral defect o n the articular cartilage in vivo. [Son, Y] Kyung Hee Univ, Coll Life Sci, Dept Genet Engn, Yongin, South Korea; [Son, Y] Kyung Hee Univ, Grad Sch Biotechn ol, Yongin, South Korea; [Lee, J; Choi, YJ] Modern Cell & Tissue Technol Inc, In st Res & Dev, Seoul, South Korea; [Kim, CH] Korea Inst Radiol & Med Sci, Lab Tis sue Engn, Seoul, South Korea; [Kim, HY] Konkuk Univ, Coll Vet Med, Seoul, South Korea Son, Y (reprint author), Kyung Hee Univ, Coll Life Sci, Dept Genet Engn, Yongin, South Korea
[email protected] Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare; R &D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies This work was supported by a grant given by the Musculoskeletal Bioorgan Center Project of the Korean Mi nistry of Health and Welfare given to Youngsook Son, and by Research Funds from the R&D Institute, Modern Cell and Tissue Technologies given to Jungsun Lee. 28 0 0 KOREAN TISSUE ENGINEERING REGENERATIVE MEDICINE SOC JONGRO-GU 199-1, DONGSUNG-DONG,, JONGRO-GU, SEOUL 110-810, SOUTH KOREA 1738-2696 TISSUE ENG REGEN MED Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. OCT 2011 8 5 446 453 8 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Engineering, Biomedical Cell Bio logy; Engineering 828JH WOS:000295496800003 J Faraj, KA; Brouwer, KM; Geutjes, PJ; Versteeg, EM; Wismans, RG; Deprest, JA; Chajra, H; Tiemessen, DM; Feitz, WFJ; Oosterwijk, E; Daamen, WF; Kuppevelt, TH Faraj, Kaeuis A.; Brouwer, Katrien M.; Geutjes, Paul J.; Versteeg, Elly M.; Wismans, Ronnie G.; Deprest, Jan A.; Chajra, Hanane; Tiemessen, Dorien M.; Feitz, Wout F. J.; Oosterwijk, Egbert; Daamen, Willeke F. ; van Kuppevelt, Toin H. The Effect of Ethylene Oxide Sterilisati
on, Beta Irradiation and Gamma Irradiation on Collagen Fibril-Based Scaffolds TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE English Article collagen; scaffolds; sterilisation; beta irradiation; gamma irradiation; ethylen e oxide IN-VITRO; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CONSTRUCTION; BIOMATERIAL; DEGRADATION; MOLECULES; PROTEINS; BEHAVIOR; TISSUES; DESIGN Ethylene oxide (EtO) gassing and beta- and gamma-irradiation are currently used for sterilising collagen scaffol ds. During the process, scaffolds may undergo chemical and physical alterations that may compromise their structural integrity and functional characteristics. I n this study, we compared the effects of EtO gassing, and beta- and gamma-irradi ation at 15 and 25 kGy on type I collagen fibril-based scaffolds with and withou t crosslinking, and with and without heparin. Evaluation was performed using a w ide range of biophysical, biochemical, morphological and biological parameters. EtO treatment, beta-irradiation and gamma-irradiation did not induce morphologic al changes, nor did they have an effect on the amount of primary amine groups, o r the amount of heparin covalently attached to the scaffolds. Cytocompatibility was also not affected. Irradiation, however, did result in collagen degradation products, a decrease in collagen denaturation temperature, and an increase in pr oteolytic degradation, all in a dose dependent fashion. These parameters were ha rdly influenced by EtO treatment. Sterilisation methods had hardly any effect on tensile strength of crosslinked scaffolds, but -surprisingly- they increased th e tensile strength of non-crosslinked scaffolds. In conclusion, a number of the collagen scaffold parameters were influenced by sterilisation, whereas others we re not. Irradiation had a much larger effect than EtO. However, tensile strength and cytocompatibility, important in tissue engineering, were not negatively inf luenced by any of the methods. Therefore, aspects like costs, safety and practic ality of use may be taken into account in the choice of sterilisation method. [Faraj, KA; Brouwer, KM; Versteeg, EM; Wismans, RG; Daamen, WF; Kuppevelt, TH] R adboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem 280, NCMLS, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Net herlands; [Faraj, KA] EMCM BV, Aap Bioimplant, NL-6545 CH Nijmegen, Netherlands; [Geutjes, PJ; Tiemessen, DM; Feitz, WFJ; Oosterwijk, E] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Urol 659, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands; [Deprest, JA] Katholie ke Univ Leuven, Fac Med, Ctr Surg Technol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium; [Chajra, H] ZI Les Troques, Symatese Biomat, F-69630 Chaponost, France; [Faraj, KA] Univ Sal ahaddin, Dept Chem, Coll Educ Sci, Erbil, Kurdistan Regio, Iraq Kuppevelt, TH (r eprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem 280, NCMLS, POB 910 1, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
[email protected] EU[LSHBCT-2006-037409]; NWO CASIMIR program[018.003.023.2008] Paul van Rensch is kindl y acknowledged for his work on the tensiometric measurements. The Microscopical Imaging Centre (NCMLS, RUNMC) is acknowledged for facilitating electron microsco pical services. This work was financially supported by EU-FP6 project EuroSTEC ( soft tissue engineering for congenital birth defects in children; LSHB-CT-2006-0 37409); parts were supported by NWO CASIMIR program 018.003.023.2008. The author s have no conflicting financial interests. 36 0 0 KOREAN TISSUE ENGINEERING REGENERATIVE MEDICINE SOC JONGRO-GU 199-1, D ONGSUNG-DONG,, JONGRO-GU, SEOUL 110-810, SOUTH KOREA 1738-2696 TISSUE ENG REGEN MED Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. OCT 2011 8 5 460 470 11 Cell & Tissue Engineerin g; Engineering, Biomedical Cell Biology; Engineering 828JH WOS:0002 95496800005 J Nedosekin, DA; Khodakovskaya, MV; Biris, AS; Wang, DY; Xu, Y; Villagarci a, H; Galanzha, EI; Zharov, VP Nedosekin, Dmitry A.; Kh odakovskaya, Mariya V.; Biris, Alexandru S.; Wang, Daoyuan; Xu, Yang; Villagarci a, Hector; Galanzha, Ekaterina I.; Zharov, Vladimir P. In Vivo Plant Fl ow Cytometry: A First Proof-of-Concept CYTOMETRY PART A English Article photothermal method; photoacoust ics; flow cytometry; scanning cytometry; imaging; plants; tomato; nanotechnology CIRCULATING TUMOR-CELLS; CARBON NANOTUBES; QUANTUM DOTS; CANCER-CELLS; ENGINEERE D NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CONTRAST AGENTS; PUMPKIN PLANTS; LYMPH-FLOW ; TRANSPORT In vivo flow cytometry has facilitated advances in the ultrasens itive detection of tumor cells, bacteria, nanoparticles, dyes, and other normal
and abnormal objects directly in blood and lymph circulatory systems. Here, we p ropose in vivo plant flow cytometry for the real-time noninvasive study of nanom aterial transport in xylem and phloem plant vascular systems. As a proof of this concept, we demonstrate in vivo real-time photoacoustic monitoring of quantum d ot-carbon nanotube conjugates uptake by roots and spreading through stem to leav es in a tomato plant. In addition, in vivo scanning cytometry using multimodal p hotoacoustic, photothermal, and fluorescent detection schematics provided multip lex detection and identification of nanoparticles accumulated in plant leaves in the presence of intensive absorption, scattering, and autofluorescent backgroun ds. The use of a portable fiber-based photoacoustic flow cytometer for studies o f plant vasculature was demonstrated. These integrated cytometry modalities usin g both endogenous and exogenous contrast agents have a potential to open new ave nues of in vivo study of the nutrients, products of photosynthesis and metabolis m, nanoparticles, infectious agents, and other objects transported through plant vasculature. (C) 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry [Nedosekin, DA; Galanzha, EI; Zharov, VP] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Winthrop P Rock efeller Canc Inst, Phillips Class Laser & Nanomed Labs, Little Rock, AR 72205 US A; [Khodakovskaya, MV; Biris, AS; Wang, DY; Xu, Y; Villagarcia, H] Univ Arkansas , Dept Appl Sci, Dept Syst Engn, UALR Nanotechnol Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA ; [Khodakovskaya, MV] Russian Acad Sci, Far Eastern Branch, Inst Biol & Soil Sci , Vladivostok 690022, Russia; [Biris, AS; Wang, DY; Xu, Y] Univ Arkansas, Nanote chnol Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA Zharov, VP (reprint author), Univ Arkans as Med Sci, Winthrop P Rockefeller Canc Inst, Phillips Class Laser & Nanomed Lab s, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
[email protected] National Institu te of Health[R01CA131164, R01 EB009230, R01EB000873, R21CA139373]; National Scie nce Foundation[DBI-0852737]; Department of Defense[W88XWH-10-2-0130, W81XWH-10-B CRP-CA, W81XWH-11-1-0129]; ASTA[08-CAT-03]; Arkansas Space Consortium[UALR19845] Grant sponsor: National Institute of Health; Grant numbers: R01CA131164, R01 EB0 09230, R01EB000873 and R21CA139373 (to V.P.Z.); Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; Grant number: DBI-0852737 (to V.P.Z.); Grant sponsor: Department of Defense; Grant numbers: W88XWH-10-2-0130, W81XWH-10-BCRP-CA, and W81XWH-11-1-012 9; Grant sponsor: ASTA; Grant number: 08-CAT-03 (to A.S.B.); Grant sponsor: Arka nsas Space Consortium; Grant number: UALR19845 (to M.V.K.) 63 1 1 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1552-4922 CYTOM PART A Cytom. Part A OCT 2011 79A 10 SI 855 865 10.1002/ cyto.a.21128 11 Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biolo gy Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology 825XS WOS:000295316100 012 J Jiang, ZK; Sato, M; Wei, LH; Kao, CH; Wu, L Jiang, Ziyue Karen; Sato, Makoto; Wei, Liu H.; Kao, Chinghai; Wu, Lily Androgen-Independent Molecular Imaging Vectors to Detect Castration-Resistant an d Metastatic Prostate Cancer CANCER RESEARCH English Article MEMBRANE ANTIGEN PSMA; GENE-EXPRESSION; BONE METASTASES; F-18-FLUORIDE PET/CT; D EPRIVATION THERAPY; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; ADENOVIRAL VECTOR; IN-VIVO; PROMOTER; RE CEPTOR Prostate-specific promoters are frequently employed in gene-mediated mol ecular imaging and therapeutic vectors to diagnose and treat castration-resistan t prostate cancer (CRPC) that emerges from hormone ablation therapy. Many of the conventional prostate-specific promoters rely on the androgen axis to drive gen e expression. However, considering the cancer heterogeneity and varying androgen receptor status, we herein evaluated the utility of prostate-specific enhancing sequence (PSES), an androgen-independent promoter in CRPC. The PSES is a fused enhancer derived from the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen gene regulatory region. We augmented the activity of PSES by th e two-step transcriptional amplification (TSTA) system to drive the expression o f imaging reporter genes for either bioluminescent or positron emission tomograp hy (PET) imaging. The engineered PSES-TSTA system exhibits greatly elevated tran scriptional activity, androgen independency, and strong prostate specificity, ve rified in cell culture and preclinical animal experimentations. These advantageo us features of PSES-TSTA elicit superior gene expression capability for CRPC in
comparison with the androgen-dependent PSA promoter-driven system. In preclinica l settings, we showed robust PET imaging capacity of PSES-TSTA in a castrated pr ostate xenograft model. Moreover, intravenous administrated PSES-TSTA biolumines cent vector correctly identified tibial bone marrow metastases in 9 of 9 animals , whereas NaF- and FDG-PET was unable to detect the lesions. Taken together, thi s study showed the promising utility of a potent, androgen-independent, and pros tate cancer-specific expression system in directing gene-based molecular imaging in CRPC, even in the context of androgen deprivation therapy. Cancer Res; 71(19 ); 6250-60. (C)2011 AACR. [Jiang, ZK; Sato, M; Wei, LH; Wu, L] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 900 95 USA; [Jiang, ZK; Sato, M; Wu, L] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med , Inst Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; [Wu, L] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; [Kao, CH] Indiana Univ, S ch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA; [Kao, CH] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Walther Oncol Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA; [Kao, CH] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA Wu, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, CHS 33-1 64,10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[email protected] NCI/NIH[ RO1 CA101904-01]; SPORE program[P50 CA092131]; UCLA This work was supported by NCI/NIH RO1 CA101904-01 and SPORE program P50 CA092131 (to L. Wu). Z.K. Jiang was supported by a UCLA JCCC fellowship. 50 0 0 AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PHILADELPHIA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHI LADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA 0008-5472 CANCER RES Cancer R es. OCT 1 2011 71 19 6250 6260 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1520 11 Oncology Oncology 827AQ WOS:000295397700018 J Teo, CH; Ma, L; Kapusi, E; Hensel, G; Kumlehn, J; Schubert, I; Houben, A ; Mette, MF Teo, Chee How; Ma, Lu; Kapusi, Eszter; H ensel, Goetz; Kumlehn, Jochen; Schubert, Ingo; Houben, Andreas; Mette, Michael F lorian Induction of telomere-mediated chromosomal truncation and stabil ity of truncated chromosomes in Arabidopsis thaliana PLANT JOURNAL English Article minichromosome; Arabidop sis thaliana; engineered chromosome; telomere; telomere seeding; artificial chro mosome T-DNA; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; ENGINEERED MINICHROMOSOMES; ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; LENGTH REGULATION; CONSTRUCTION; PLANTS; MAIZE; TRANSFORMATION; FRA GMENTATION Minichromosomes possess functional centromeres and telomeres and thus should be stably inherited. They offer an enormous opportunity to plant bi otechnology as they have the potential to simultaneously transfer and stably exp ress multiple genes. Segregating independently of host chromosomes, they provide a platform for accelerating plant breeding. Following a top-down approach, we t runcated endogenous chromosomes in Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium-mediate d transfer of T-DNA constructs containing telomere sequences. Blocks of A. thali ana telomeric repeats were inserted into a binary vector suitable for stable tra nsformation. After transfer of these constructs into the natural tetraploid A. t haliana accession Wa-1, chromosome truncation by T-DNA-induced de novo formation of telomeres could be confirmed by DNA gel blot analysis, PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and fluorescence in situ hybridisation. The addition of new telomere repeats in this process could start alternatively from within the T-DNA-derived telomere repeats or from adjacent sequences close to the right border of the TDNA. Truncated chromosomes were transmissible in sexual reproduction, but were i nherited at rates lower than expected according to Mendelian rules. [Teo, CH ; Ma, L; Kapusi, E; Hensel, G; Kumlehn, J; Schubert, I; Houben, A; Mette, MF] Le ibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany Mette, MF (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK, Corre nsstr 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany
[email protected] German L eibniz Association (WGL) We are grateful to Christa Fricke, Inge Glaser a nd Beate Kamm for excellent technical assistance. The work was generously suppor ted by a grant from the German Leibniz Association (WGL) in the context of the ' Pakt fur Forschung und Innovation/WGL Wettbewerb 2009-2011 Leuchtturmprojekte' p rogramme. 48 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE
PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0960-7412 PLANT J Plant J. OCT 2011 68 1 28 39 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04662.x 12 Plant Sciences Plant Sciences 827AE WOS:000295395900003 J Yurdakul, H; Idrobo, JC; Pennycook, SJ; Turan, S Yurdakul, Hilmi; Idrobo, Juan C.; Pennycook, Stephen J.; Turan, Servet Towards atomic scale engineering of rare-earth-doped SiAlON ceramics through abe rration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy SCRIPTA MATERIAL IA English Article Ceramics ; Rare earth; Scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM); SiAlON; Z-contra st microscopy LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; ALPHA-SIALON; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PHOSPHO RS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; STABILITY; NITRIDE; YTTRIUM; POWDER; SIAION Direct v isualization of rare earths in alpha- and beta-SiAlON unit-cells is performed th rough Z-contrast imaging technique in an aberration-corrected scanning transmiss ion electron microscope. The preferential occupation of Yb and Ce atoms in diffe rent interstitial locations of beta-SiAlON lattice is demonstrated, yielding hig her solubility for Yb than Ce. The triangular-like host sites in alpha-SiAlON un it cell accommodate more Ce atoms than hexagonal sites in beta-SiAlON. We think that our results will be applicable as guidelines for many kinds of rare-earth-d oped materials. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rig hts reserved. [Yurdakul, H; Turan, S] Anadolu Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, TR-26 480 Eskisehir, Turkey; [Yurdakul, H; Idrobo, JC; Pennycook, SJ] Oak Ridge Natl L ab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA; [Idrobo, JC; Pennycook, SJ] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA Turan, S (reprin t author), Anadolu Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, TR-26480 Eskisehir, Turkey
[email protected] The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tur key (TUBITAK)[2214]; National Science Foundation[DMR-0605964]; Oak Ridge Nationa l Laboratory; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy; Office o f Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, US Departm ent of Energy; Technology and Innovation Funding Programmes Directorate (TEYDEB) , Turkey[3040287] This research was supported by The Scientific and Techno logical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) through 2214-International Doctoral Research Fellowship Program (H.Y.), by National Science Foundation through Gran t No. DMR-0605964 (J.C.I.), Oak Ridge National Laboratory's SHaRE User Facility (J.C.I.), which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Departme nt of Energy, and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and En gineering Division, US Department of Energy (S.J.P.). We also would like to than k MDA Advanced Ceramics (Eskisehir, Turkey) for the provision of the samples pro duced from the project with a contract number of 3040287 - Technology and Innova tion Funding Programmes Directorate (TEYDEB), Turkey. 41 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KI DLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 1359-6462 SCRIPTA MATER Scr. Mater. OCT 2011 65 8 656 659 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.06.038 4 Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials S cience; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering 823GC WOS:000295109500002 J Kim, MJ; Son, MJ; Son, MY; Seol, B; Kim, J; Park, J; Kim, JH; Kim, YH; P ark, SA; Lee, CH; Lee, KS; Han, YM; Chang, JS; Cho, YS Kim, Min-Jeong; Son, Myung Jin; Son, Mi-Young; Seol, Binna; Kim, Janghwan; Park, Jongjin; Kim, Jung Hwa; Kim, Yong-Hoon; Park, Su A.; Lee, Chul-Ho; Lee, Kang-Si k; Han, Yong-Mahn; Chang, Jae-Suk; Cho, Yee Sook Generation of Hu man Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Osteoarthritis Patient-Derived Synovial Cells ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM English Article ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; X COLLAGEN; IN-VITRO; PROGENITOR CELLS; HYPERTROPHY; EXPRES SION; PLASMA; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION; TRANSPLANTATION Objective. This study wa s undertaken to generate and characterize human induced pluripotent stem cells ( PSCs) from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and to examine whether these cells can be developed into disease-relevant cell types for use in disease modeling an d drug discovery. Methods. Human synovial cells isolated from two 71-year-old wo
men with advanced OA were characterized and reprogrammed into induced PSCs by ec topic expression of 4 transcription factors (Oct-4, SOX2, Klf4, and c-Myc). The pluripotency status of each induced PSC line was validated by comparison with hu man embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Results. We found that OA patient-derived human synovial cells had human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like characteristics, as i ndicated by the expression of specific markers, including CD14-, CD19-, CD34-, C D45-, CD44+, CD51+, CD90+, CD105+, and CD147+. Microarray analysis of human MSCs and human synovial cells further determined their unique and overlapping gene e xpression patterns. The pluripotency of established human induced PSCs was confi rmed by their human ESC-like morphology, expression of pluripotency markers, gen e expression profiles, epigenetic status, normal karyotype, and in vitro and in vivo differentiation potential. The potential of human induced PSCs to different iate into distinct mesenchymal cell lineages, such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, a nd chondrocytes, was further confirmed by positive expression of markers for res pective cell types and positive staining with alizarin red S (osteoblasts), oil red O (adipocytes), or Alcian blue (chondrocytes). Functional chondrocyte differ entiation of induced PSCs in pellet culture and 3-dimensional polycaprolactone s caffold culture was assessed by chondrocyte self-assembly and histology. Conclus ion. Our findings indicate that patient-derived synovial cells are an attractive source of MSCs as well as induced PSCs and have the potential to advance cartil age tissue engineering and cell-based models of cartilage defects. [Kim, MJ ; Son, MJ; Son, MY; Seol, B; Kim, J; Park, J; Kim, YH; Lee, CH; Cho, YS] Korea R es Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Taejon 305806, South Korea; [Kim, MJ; Park, J; Cho, YS] Univ Sci & Technol, Taejon, South Korea; [Kim, JH; Lee, KS; Chang, JS] Univ Ulsan, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea; [Kim, JH; Lee, KS; Chang, JS] Asan Med Ctr , Seoul, South Korea; [Park, SA] Korea Inst Machinery & Mat, Taejon, South Korea ; [Han, YM] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea Cho, YS (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, 125 Gwahak Ro, Taejon 3058 06, South Korea
[email protected] Korean Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs (MHWFA)[A084697]; Korean Ministry of Education, Science, and Tech nology; National Research Foundation of Korea (MEST/NRF)[2010-0020272[3]]; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Korea Research Council of F undamental Science and Technology (KRIBB/KRCF Research Initiative) Supporte d by the Korean Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs (MHWFA grant A08 4697), by the Korean Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology and the Nati onal Research Foundation of Korea (MEST/NRF grant 2010-0020272[3]), and by the K orea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology and the Korea Research C ouncil of Fundamental Science and Technology (KRIBB/KRCF Research Initiative Pro gram; NAP). 41 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0004-3591 ARTHRITI S RHEUM-US Arthritis Rheum. OCT 2011 63 10 3010 3021 10.1002/art.30488 12 Rheumato logy Rheumatology 825PN WOS:000295293000020 J Kontoe, S; Zdravkovic, L; Potts, DM; Menkiti, CO Kontoe, S.; Zdravkovic, L.; Potts, D. M.; Menkiti, C. O. On the r elative merits of simple and advanced constitutive models in dynamic analysis of tunnels GEOTECHNIQUE English Article constitutive relations; earthquakes; numerical modelling; tunnels This paper compares simple constitutive models that are widely used in engineeri ng practice with more sophisticated methods in the context of a case study. In p articular, four constitutive modelling approaches have been considered: a simple elasto-plastic constitutive model (modified Cam-clay), with and without Rayleig h damping; the same model coupled with a cyclic non-linear model that can simula te pre-yield hysteresis; and finally an advanced kinematic hardening model, whic h is an improved version of the Al-Tabbaa & Wood two-surface model. These four a pproaches are used to analyse the seismic response of a section of the Bolu tunn els during the 1999 Duzce earthquake. To shed light on the performance of the co nstitutive models, simple site response finite-element analyses were first under taken for the studied site, paying particular attention to the calibration of th e Rayleigh damping parameters. The results of these analyses, in terms of maximu
m shear strain, were then used as input to an analytical elastic method (extende d Hoeg method) for calculating the thrust and bending moment acting in the tunne l lining. Finally the results of dynamic time domain plane-strain analyses, empl oying the four adopted constitutive modelling approaches, are compared against f ield observations and results obtained by the extended Hoeg method, to investiga te the ability of the models, of ranging complexity, to mimic soil response unde r seismic excitation. [Kontoe, S; Zdravkovic, L; Potts, DM] Univ London Imperi al Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England; [Menkiti, CO] Geotech Consulting Grp , London, England Kontoe, S (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sc i Technol & Med, London, England 36 0 0 ICE PUBL LONDON 40 MARSH WALL, 2 FL, LONDON E14 9TP, ENG LAND 0016-8505 GEOTECHNIQUE Geotechnique OCT 2011 61 10 815 829 10.1680/geot.9.P .141 15 Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisci plinary Engineering; Geology 824NN WOS:000295208700001 J Rengaswamy, V; Kontny, U; Rossler, J Rengaswa my, Venkatesh; Kontny, Udo; Roessler, Jochen New approaches for pedia tric rhabdomyosarcoma drug discovery: targeting combinatorial signaling EXPERT O PINION ON DRUG DISCOVERY English Review combined therapy; drug discovery; drug targets; gene expression profile; microRN A; PAX-FOXO1a; preclinical animal models; rhabdomyosarcoma; small interfering RN A CHILDRENS ONCOLOGY GROUP; PAX3-FKHR FUSION ONCOPROTEIN; FUNCTIONAL RNA I NTERFERENCE; GENE-EXPRESSION SIGNATURES; ENGINEERED MOUSE MODELS; SOFT-TISSUE SA RCOMA; ALVEOLAR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA; EMBRYONAL RHABDOMYOSARCOMA; GROWTH-FACTOR; DOW N-REGULATION Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are rare heterogeneous ped iatric tumors that are treated by surgery, chemotherapy and irradiation. New the rapeutic approaches are needed, especially in the advanced stages to target the pro-oncogenic signals. Exploring the molecular interactions of the regulatory si gnals and their roles in the developmental aspects of different subtypes of RMS is essential to identify potential targets and develop new therapeutic drugs. Ar eas covered: Insights into different drug discovery approaches are discussed wit h specific emphasis on gene expression profiling, fusion protein, role of small interfering RNA (siRNA)- and microRNA (miRNA)-based discovery approaches, target ing cancer stem cells, and in vitro and in vivo model systems. Targeting some ov erexpressed signals along with the possibilities of combination therapy of valid ated drug targets is discussed. Additionally, methods to overcome the limitation s of discovery-based research are briefly discussed. Expert opinion: Due to drug resistance, ineffective therapy in advanced stages and relapse, there is a dema nd to explore new drug targets and discovery approaches. Implementing miRNA-base d profiling would reveal the extent of miR-based regulation, various biomarkers and potential targets in RMS. A suitable combination of innovative techniques an d the use of model systems might assist the identification and validation of nov el targets and drug discovery methods. Combining specific drugs along with typespecific target inhibition of overexpressed mRNAs through siRNA approaches would enable the development of personalized therapy. [Rengaswamy, V; Kontny, U; Rossler, J] Univ Hosp Freiburg, Ctr Pediat & Adolescent Med, Clin Pediat Hema tol & Oncol 4, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany Rossler, J (reprint author), Uni v Hosp Freiburg, Ctr Pediat & Adolescent Med, Clin Pediat Hematol & Oncol 4, Mat hildenstr 1, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
[email protected] Translational Sarcoma Network2[BMBF-01GM0875]; DFG[RO 1263/9-1] The authors woul d like to thank the peer reviewers for their critical comments and constructive suggestions, and Lakshmi Narayan for his insight and feedback during the prepara tion of this manuscript. The authors research is supported by grants from Transl ational Sarcoma Network2 (BMBF-01GM0875 to UK) and DFG grant (RO 1263/9-1 to VR and JR). 136 0 0 INFORMA HEALTHCARE LONDON TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND 1746-0441 EXPERT OPIN DRUG DIS Expert. Opin. Drug Discov. OCT 2011 6 10 1103 1125 10.1517/17460441.2011.61 1498 23 Pharmacology & Pharmacy Pharmacology & Pharmacy 824BG WOS:000295173500008
J Rockwood, DN; Preda, RC; Yucel, T; Wang, XQ; Lovett, ML; Kaplan, DL Rockwood, Danielle N.; Preda, Rucsanda C.; Yucel, Tuna; Wang, Xiaoqin; Lovett, M ichael L.; Kaplan, David L. Materials fabrication from Bombyx mori s ilk fibroin NATURE PROTOCOLS English Article MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; ENGINEERED VASCULAR GRAFTS; IN-VITRO; POLY(ETHYLENE OXID E); ADENOSINE RELEASE; 3-D SCAFFOLDS; 3D SCAFFOLDS; BONE-MARROW; BIOMATERIALS; P OLYMER Silk fibroin, derived from Bombyx mori cocoons, is a widely used and stu died protein polymer for biomaterial applications. Silk fibroin has remarkable m echanical properties when formed into different materials, demonstrates biocompa tibility, has controllable degradation rates from hours to years and can be chem ically modified to alter surface properties or to immobilize growth factors. A v ariety of aqueous or organic solvent-processing methods can be used to generate silk biomaterials for a range of applications. In this protocol, we include meth ods to extract silk from B. mori cocoons to fabricate hydrogels, tubes, sponges, composites, fibers, microspheres and thin films. These materials can be used di rectly as biomaterials for implants, as scaffolding in tissue engineering and in vitro disease models, as well as for drug delivery. [Rockwood, DN; Preda, RC ; Yucel, T; Wang, XQ; Lovett, ML; Kaplan, DL] Tufts Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Medf ord, MA 02155 USA Kaplan, DL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Biomed Eng n, Medford, MA 02155 USA
[email protected] National Institutes of H ealth[P41 EB002520]; National Science Foundation; Air Force Office of Scientific Research The authors acknowledge the following researchers for their cont ributions to these protocols: E.S. Gil, C. Wittmer, H. J. Kim, E.A. Pritchard, X . Wang, J.A. Kluge and F. Omenetto. This work was supported by the National Inst itutes of Health (P41 EB002520-Tissue Engineering Resource Center), the National Science Foundation and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. 71 0 0 NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP LONDON MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CR INAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND 1754-2189 NAT PROTOC Nat. Pro toc. OCT 2011 6 10 1612 1631 10.1038/nprot.2011.379 20 Biochemical Research Methods Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 826OS WOS:000295364100009 J Zhang, G; Wu, Z; Yoo, WJ Zhang, Gang; Wu, Zhe; Yoo, Won Jong High-Speed Multilevel NAND Flash Memory With Tig ht V(th) Distribution Using an Engineered Potential Well and Forward-Bias Adjust ed Programming IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES English Article Engineered potential well (EW); forward-bias adjusted programming (FBAP); multil evel cell (MLC); NAND Flash memory NEW-GENERATION This paper reports a hig h-speed multilevel-cell NAND Flash memory device using a Si-SiO(2)-TiN-TiO(2)-Si O(2)-TaN (SOTTOT) engineered potential well (EW). The SOTTOT EW Flash memory dev ice has very fast cell programming speed and good data retention. A 16-kbit NAND memory block using SOTTOT cells was programmed using a forward-bias-adjusted pr ogramming scheme, which enables bit adjustability during page programming to sup press the development of fast bits. The SOTTOT memory block shows fast programmi ng speed (similar to 40 mu s/page), tight threshold voltage (V(th)) distribution (similar to 0.22 V/level), and clear V(th)-level margins (similar to 0.9 V) for the eight-level programming. The SOTTOT memory block also shows good resistance against pass/read disturbances as well as good ten-year data retention at an am bient temperature of 75 degrees C throughout 10(5) programming/erasing cycling. [Zhang, G; Yoo, WJ] Sungkyunkwan Univ, SKKU Adv Inst Nano Technol, Samsung SKKU Graphene Ctr, Dept Nano Sci & Technol, Suwon 440746, South Korea; [Zhang, G; Wu, Z] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Elect Mat Res Ctr, Seoul 136791, South Korea; [Wu, Z] Samsung Elect Co, Hwasung 445701, South Korea Zhang, G (reprint author ), Sungkyunkwan Univ, SKKU Adv Inst Nano Technol, Samsung SKKU Graphene Ctr, Dep t Nano Sci & Technol, Suwon 440746, South Korea
[email protected] National Researc h Foundation of Korea of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology[20110006268, 2011-0010274] This research was supported by the Basic Science Researc h Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea of the Ministry of Educat ion, Science and Technology under Grant 2011-0006268 and Grant 2011-0010274. The review of this paper was arranged by Editor S. Deleonibus. 20 0 0 IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAWAY
445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA 0018-9383 IEEE T E LECTRON DEV IEEE Trans. Electron Devices OCT 2011 58 10 3321 3328 10.1109/TED.2011.2162731 8 Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied Engineering; Physics 823CR WOS:000295100300013 J Demoisson, F; Ariane, M; Leybros, A; Muhr, H; Bernard, F Demoisson, Frederic; Ariane, Moustapha; Leybros, Antoine; Muhr, Herve; Bernard, Frederic Design of a reactor operating in supercritical water con ditions using CFD simulations. Examples of synthesized nanomaterials JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS English Article Supercritical water; Powder synthesis; Nanomaterials; CFD simulations; Fluent; N ano-oxides CONTINUOUS HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; METAL-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; NA NOCRYSTALS; NANOPOWDERS; PARTICLES; MIXER Direct information about fluids under supercritical water conditions is unfeasible due to the engineering restri ctions at high pressure and high temperature. Numerical investigations based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations are widely used in order to get extensive information on the fluid behavior, particularly to help the design of a new reactor. This paper presents the numerical investigations performed on an original supercritical water device, especially in the level of the reactor. CFD calculations allow to design and optimize the present reactor described in this study. Currently, this process produces some nanometric oxide powders in contin uous way with a production rate of 10-15g h(-1). Examples of synthesized nanomat erials are presented in order to prove the process efficiency. Crystalline ZrO(2 ) and TiO(2) were produced from a metallic salt and an organometallic as precurs ors, respectively. XRD and HRTEM analyses show nanosized particles with an unifo rm size distribution (0.90). Thus, spectroscopy i n the 2.5-14 gm wavelength region is a useful technique for characterizing clay minerals. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Yitagesu, FA; van der M eer, F; van der Werff, H; Hecker, C] Univ Twente, ITC, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Ear th Observat, NL-7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands; [Yitagesu, FA] Ethiopians Rd Auth or, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Yitagesu, FA (reprint author), Univ Twente, ITC, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, POB 6,99 Hengelosestr, NL-7500 AA Ensched e, Netherlands
[email protected] 72 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLAN DS 0169-1317 APPL CLAY SCI Appl. Clay Sci. OCT 2011 53 4 581 591 10.1016/j.clay.2 011.05.007 11 Mineralogy Mineralogy 823HT WOS:000295113800008 J Jing, QS; Fang, LX; Liu, HY; Liu, P Jing, Qi angshan; Fang, Linxia; Liu, Hongyan; Liu, Peng Preparation of surface-v itrified micron sphere using perlite from Xinyang, China APPLIED CLAY SCI ENCE English Article Perlite; Micron sphere; Expansion; Preheating; Horizontal electric furnace; Expansion ra tio SORPTION Micron porous spheres with vitrified surface were prepar ed by expanding the perlite from Shangtianti in Xinyang, China. The samples were extensively characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning elec tron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the types of water in raw particles were det ermined by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Expansion was simulated in a pilot-pla nt furnace allowing the careful control of temperature and time. The study of se veral perlites with different grain sizes showed that water content, preheating temperature, expanding temperature, calcination time and size of raw particles h ad considerable effect on the glassy structure and expansion volume. Perlite exp ansion process was optimized for preheating temperature 250-350 degrees C, expan sion temperature 1150-1200 degrees C and expansion time of 10-15 s. Infrared spe ctroscopy provided evidence for the states of water in the particle, which expan ded. The expansion ratio was strongly influenced by the raw grain size. Using el ectric furnace, micron perlite spheres with grain size of 50-800 mu m and bulk d
ensity of 200-500 g/cm(3)were efficiently produced. Horizontal electric furnace was a good candidate to be considered in engineering applications. (C) 2011 Else vier B.V. All rights reserved. [Jing, QS; Fang, LX; Liu, HY; Liu, P] Xinyang No rmal Univ, Inst Nonmet Mat, Xinyang 464000, Peoples R China Jing, QS (reprin t author), Xinyang Normal Univ, Inst Nonmet Mat, 237 Changan Rd, Xinyang 464000, Peoples R China
[email protected] Education Department of Henan Province[2 010A50019] This research project is supported by the Science and Technology Project of the Education Department of Henan Province (2010A50019). 16 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0169-1317 APPL CLAY SCI Appl. Cl ay Sci. OCT 2011 53 4 745 748 10.1016/j.clay.2011.07.005 4 Mineralogy Mineralo gy 823HT WOS:000295113800031 J Kanashiro-Takeuchi, RM; Schulman, IH; Hare, JM Kanashiro-Takeuchi, Rosemeire M.; Schulman, Ivonne Hernandez; Hare, Joshua M. Pharmacologic and genetic strategies to enhance cell therapy for cardiac regener ation JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY English Review Chemokines; Growth factors; Small molecules; Stem cell; Cardiogenesis; Regenerat ion MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-I NFARCTION; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; MARROW STROMAL CELL S; GROWTH-FACTORS; HEART-FAILURE; DEFINED FACTORS; DOUBLE-BLIND Cell-based thera py is emerging as an exciting potential therapeutic approach for cardiac regener ation following myocardial infarction (MI). As heart failure (HF) prevalence inc reases over time, development of new interventions designed to aid cardiac recov ery from injury are crucial and should be considered more broadly. In this regar d, substantial efforts to enhance the efficacy and safety of cell therapy are co ntinuously growing along several fronts, including modifications to improve the reprogramming efficiency of inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPS), genetic engi neering of adult stem cells, and administration of growth factors or small molec ules to activate regenerative pathways in the injured heart. These interventions are emerging as potential therapeutic alternatives and/or adjuncts based on the ir potential to promote stem cell homing, proliferation, differentiation, and/or survival. Given the promise of therapeutic interventions to enhance the regener ative capacity of multipotent stem cells as well as specifically guide endogenou s or exogenous stem cells into a cardiac lineage, their application in cardiac r egenerative medicine should be the focus of future clinical research. This artic le is part of a special issue entitled "Key Signaling Molecules in Hypertrophy a nd Heart Failure." (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Kanashiro-Takeu chi, RM; Schulman, IH; Hare, JM] Univ Miami, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Inst, M iller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33101 USA; [Schulman, IH] Miami Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Nephrol Hypertens Sect, Miami, FL USA Hare, JM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Inst, Miller Sch Med, Biomed Res Bldg,1501 NW 10th Ave,Room 824,POB 016, Miami, FL 33101 USA
[email protected] NIH[RO1 HL094849, P20 HL101443, RO1 HL084275, RO1 HL107110, U54 HL081028] Dr. Hare is supported by NIH grants RO1 HL094849, P20 HL101443, RO1 HL084275, RO1 HL1071 10, and U54 HL081028. 102 1 1 ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSE VIER SCIENCE LTD LONDON 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND 0022-282 8 J MOL CELL CARDIOL J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. OCT 2011 51 4 619 625 10.1016/j.yjmcc. 2011.05.015 7 Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell B iology Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology 825SR WOS:0002 95302900034 J Chui, TYP; Zhong, ZY; Burns, SA Chui, Toco Y. P. ; Zhong, Zhangyi; Burns, Stephen A. The relationship between peripap illary crescent and axial length: Implications for differential eye growth VISION RESEARCH English Article Myopia; Optic disc; Optic disc crescent; Spectral domain optical coherence tomog raphy; Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope PARAPAPILLARY CHORIORETI NAL ATROPHY; REFRACTIVE ERROR; FUNDUS; MYOPIA; ALIGNMENT; FOVEA; SIZE We evalu ated the relationship between the size of the peripapillary crescent and the axi
al length (AL) of the eye as well as the fine structure of the peripapillary cre scent in selected eyes. Infrared fundus imaging and spectral domain optical cohe rence tomography (SDOCT) (Spectralis HRA + OCT, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) centered at the fovea were performed on 72 healthy adults. On the infrared fund us images, we measured (a) the distance between the foveola and the temporal edg e of the optic disc (FOD) and (b) the distance between the foveola and the tempo ral edge of the peripapillary crescent (FOC) (if present). A peripapillary cresc ent presented at the nasal margin of the disc in 64% of the subjects. The FOD an d FOC were 4.22 mm +/- 0.46 and 3.97 mm +/- 0.25, respectively. Only the FOD was significantly correlated with axial length. As AL increased by 10%, the FOD inc reased by 13%, the outer neural retina only expanded by 4% (as indicated by the FOC). This result emphasizes that retinal stretching may not mirror scleral grow th, and the existence in some eyes of a difference between the photoreceptor mar gin and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) margin suggests that within the retina there could be slippage during eye growth. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights res erved. [Chui, TYP; Zhong, ZY; Burns, SA] Indiana Univ, Sch Optometry, Bloomingt on, IN 47405 USA Chui, TYP (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Optometry, 800 E Atwater Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
[email protected] NIH[R01EY14375, R01-EY04395, P30EY019008] The authors acknowledge Drs. Arthur Brad ley and Larry N. Thibos for their helpful discussions. This work was supported b y NIH Grants R01-EY14375, R01-EY04395, and P30EY019008 to S.A.B. 25 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0042-6989 VISION RES Vision Res. OCT 1 2011 51 19 2132 2138 10.1016/j.visres.2011.08.008 7 Neurosciences; Ophthalmology Neurosciences & Neurology; Ophthalmology 828GJ WOS:000295489200004 J Zorpette, G Zorpette, Glenn RE-ENGIN EERING AFGHANISTAN IEEE SPECTRUM English Article Electricity; Cities and towns; Government; Dogs; Clocks; Hardware; Economics 0 0 0 IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAW AY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA 0018-9235 IEEE SPECTRUM IEEE Spectr. OCT 2011 48 10 30 43 10.1109/MSPEC.2011.6027246 14 Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Engineering 826FP WOS:000295338100 011 J Stevenson, R Stevenson, Richard A Driver's Sixth Sense IEEE SPECTRUM English Article Radar; Silicon; Automotive engineering; Transistors; Gallium arsenide; Radar ant ennas; Gallium 0 0 0 IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAW AY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA 0018-9235 IEEE SPECTRUM IEEE Spectr. OCT 2011 48 10 50 55 10.1109/MSPEC.2011.6027249 6 Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Engineering 826FP WOS:000295338100 013 J Hassler, S Hassler, Susan Re-engin eering Afghanistan: At What Cost? IEEE SPECTRUM English Editoria l Material 0 0 0 IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAW AY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA 0018-9235 IEEE SPECTRUM IEEE Spectr. OCT 2011 48 10 8 8 10.1109/MSPEC.2011.6027229 1 Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Engineering 826FP WOS:000295338100 002 J Kulik, VB; Sobolev, GA; Vettegren, VI; Kireenkova, SM Kulik, V. B.; Sobolev, G. A.; Vettegren, V. I.; Kireenkova, S. M. A study of nanocrystals in rocks subjected to natural and engineered mechanical and thermal impacts IZVESTIYA-PHYSICS OF THE SOLID EARTH English Article RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH
-PRESSURE; ALPHA-QUARTZ; ANATASE TIO2; TEMPERATURES; SPECTRA; GARNETS; GAAS The results are reported of Raman spectroscopy for nanocrystals of a variety of mineral species (quartz, anatase, plagioclase, pyrope, omphacite, and albite) in rocks from different depth intervals. It was found that average dimensions of t he nanocrystals vary from 5 to 30 nm. The crystallographic cell in the nanocryst als is deformed. The effective stresses responsible for these deformations vary from -0.4 to +1.2 GPa. After having been exposed to high pressure under high tem perature, the nanocrystals of quartz and albite shrank in size, while the effect ive tensile stresses increased. [Kulik, VB; Vettegren, VI] Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia; [Sobolev, GA; Kireenkova, SM ] Russian Acad Sci, Schmidt Inst Phys Earth, Moscow 123996, Russia Kulik, V B (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, Ul Politekh Skaya 26, St Petersburg 194021, Russia Russian Foundation for Basic Res earch[10-05-00505] The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Bas ic Research, grant no. 10-05-00505. 22 0 0 MAIK NAU KA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 1001 3-1578 USA 1069-3513 IZV-PHYS SOLID EART+ Izv.-Phys. Solid Earth OCT 2011 47 10 873 878 10.1134/S1069351311100065 6 Geochemistry & Geophysic s Geochemistry & Geophysics 826ON WOS:000295363600003 J Browne, MA; Chapman, MG Browne, Mark A.; Chapman , M. Gee Ecologically Informed Engineering Reduces Loss of Intert idal Biodiversity on Artificial Shorelines ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLO GY English Article ARMORED SHORELINES; URBAN STRUCTURES; SEAWALLS; HABITAT; ENVIRONMENTS; CONSERVAT ION; INFRASTRUCTURE; COMPETITION; IMPROVE; LIMPETS Worldwide responses to u rbanization, expanding populations and climatic change mean biodiverse habitats are replaced with expensive, but necessary infrastructure. Coastal cities suppor t vast expanses of buildings and roads along the coast or on "reclaimed" land, l eading to "armouring" of shorelines with walls, revetments and offshore structur es to reduce erosion and flooding. Currently infrastructure is designed to meet engineering and financial criteria, without considering its value as habitat, de spite artificial shorelines causing loss of intertidal species and altering ecol ogical natural processes that sustain natural biodiversity. Most research on ame liorating these impacts focus on soft-sediment habitats and larger flora (e.g., restoring marshes, encouraging plants to grow on walls). In response to needs fo r greater collaboration between ecologists and engineers to create infrastructur e to better support biodiversity, we show how such collaborations lead to smallscale and inexpensive ecologically informed engineering which reduces loss of sp ecies of algae and animals from rocky shores replaced by walls. Adding experimen tal novel habitats to walls mimicking rock-pools (e.g., cavities, attaching flow erpots) increased numbers of species by 110% within months, in particular mobile animals most affected by replacing natural shores with walls. These advances pr ovide new insights about melding engineering and ecological knowledge to sustain biodiversity in cities. [Browne, MA; Chapman, MG] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Res Ecol Impacts Coastal Cities, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; [Browne, MA] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland Browne, MA (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Res Ecol Impacts Coastal Cit ies, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
[email protected] North Sydney Cou ncil; Woollahra Municipal Council; City of Sydney; The Centre for Research on Ec ological Impacts of Coastal Cities (University of Sydney); ECS Services; Antique Stone We thank North Sydney Council, Woollahra Municipal Council and the City of Sydney for support and access to study sites. J. Thompson of John Nixon Engin eering Pty Ltd and MacLeod Consultants were particularly helpful in many of thes e experiments. A. Luck, B. Panayotakos, G. Deavin, C. Myers, M. Day, J. Sidie, B . Twist, J. Commins, D. Beechey are thanked for assistance and photographs. The Centre for Research on Ecological Impacts of Coastal Cities (University of Sydne y), ECS Services, Antique Stone and various local government authorities provide d support for this research. Manuscript was improved by comments from S. J. Simp son, R Shine, A. J. Underwood and three anonymous referees. 36
0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHIN GTON, DC 20036 USA 0013-936X ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL Environ. Sci. Technol. OCT 1 2011 45 19 8204 8207 10.1021/es201924b 4 Engineering, Env ironmental; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 825BJ WOS:000295245600036 J Hussain, MA; Soujanya, Y; Sastry, GN Hussain, M. Althaf; Soujanya, Yarasi; Sastry, G. Narahari Evaluating the E fficacy of Amino Acids as CO(2) Capturing Agents: A First Principles Investigati on ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY English Article CARBON-DIOXIDE ABSORPTION; NANOPOROUS MATERIALS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; KINETICS; AL KANOLAMINES; SALTS; DIPEPTIDES Comprehension of the basic concepts for the desi gn of systems for CO(2) adsorption is imperative for increasing interest in tech nology for CO(2) capture from the effluents. The efficacy of 20 naturally occurr ing amino acids (AAs) is demonstrated as the most potent CO(2) capturing agents in the process of chemical absorption and physisorption through a systematic com putational study using highly parametrized MOS -2X/6-311+G(d,p) method. The abil ity of AAs to bind CO(2) both in the noncovalent and covalent fashion and presen ce of multiple adsorption sites with varying magnitude of binding strengths in a ll 20 AAs makes them as most promising materials in the process of physisorption . The binding energies (BEs) estimating the strength of noncovalent interaction of AAs and CO(2) are calculated and results are interpreted in terms of the natu re and strength of the various types of cooperative interactions which are prese nt. The study underlines the possibility to engineer the porous solid materials with extended networks by judiciously employing AA chains as linkers which can s ubstantially augment their efficacy. Results show that a significant increase in the CO(2)center dot center dot center dot AA affinity is achieved in the case o f AAs with polar neutral side chains. Furthermore, the study proposes AAs as eff ective alternatives to alkanolamines in chemical dissolution of CO(2). [Hussain , MA; Soujanya, Y; Sastry, GN] Indian Inst Chem Technol, Mol Modeling Grp, Hyder abad 500607, Andhra Pradesh, India Soujanya, Y (reprint author), Indian Ins t Chem Technol, Mol Modeling Grp, Hyderabad 500607, Andhra Pradesh, India
[email protected] DST, New Delhi; Swarnajayanthi Fellowship; CSIR We thank DST, New Delhi, for the financial assistance in INDO-EU sponsored AMCOS project and Swarnajayanthi Fellowship to GNS. MAR thanks CSIR for JRF fellowship. 37 0 0 AMER CHEMICAL SOC WASHINGTON 1155 16TH ST, NW , WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA 0013-936X ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL Environ. Sci. Technol. OCT 1 2011 45 19 8582 8588 10.1021/es2019725 7 Engineer ing, Environmental; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Scien ces & Ecology 825BJ WOS:000295245600085 J Fan, JW; Friedman, C Fan, Jung-Wei; Friedman, Carol Deriving a probabilistic syntacto-semantic grammar for biomedici ne based on domain-specific terminologies JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATIC S English Article Natural language processing; Biomedical terminology; Semantic grammar; Probabilistic par sing CLINICAL RADIOLOGY; LANGUAGE SYSTEM; TEXT; LEXICON; IDENTIFICATION; EXTR ACTION Biomedical natural language processing (BioNLP) is a useful technique th at unlocks valuable information stored in textual data for practice and/or resea rch. Syntactic parsing is a critical component of BioNLP applications that rely on correctly determining the sentence and phrase structure of free text. In addi tion to dealing with the vast amount of domain-specific terms, a robust biomedic al parser needs to model the semantic grammar to obtain viable syntactic structu res. With either a rule-based or corpus-based approach, the grammar engineering process requires substantial time and knowledge from experts, and does not alway s yield a semantically transferable grammar. To reduce the human effort and to p romote semantic transferability, we propose an automated method for deriving a p robabilistic grammar based on a training corpus consisting of concept strings an d semantic classes from the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), a comprehens ive terminology resource widely used by the community. The grammar is designed t
o specify noun phrases only due to the nominal nature of the majority of biomedi cal terminological concepts. Evaluated on manually parsed clinical notes, the de rived grammar achieved a recall of 0.644, precision of 0.737, and average crossbracketing of 0.61, which demonstrated better performance than a control grammar with the semantic information removed. Error analysis revealed shortcomings tha t could be addressed to improve performance. The results indicated the feasibili ty of an approach which automatically incorporates terminology semantics in the building of an operational grammar. Although the current performance of the unsu pervised solution does not adequately replace manual engineering, we believe onc e the performance issues are addressed, it could serve as an aide in a semi-supe rvised solution. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [Fan, JW; Friedm an, C] Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, New York, NY 10032 USA; [Fan, JW] Ka iser Permanente So Calif, Syst Solut & Deployment, Pasadena, CA USA Friedman , C (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, 622 W 168th St,Vander bilt Clin 5th Floor, New York, NY 10032 USA
[email protected] National Library of Medicine[LM008635] We thank Dr. Wendy Chapman for help with access to the University of Pittsburgh NLP Repository. We thank Drs. Noemie Elh adad, Yang Huang, Herbert Chase, Chintan Patel, and Francis Morrison for their i ntellectual input in discussing the research ideas. This study was performed dur ing the first author's Ph.D. training in the Department of Biomedical Informatic s, Columbia University, and was supported by Grant LM008635 from the National Li brary of Medicine. 42 0 0 ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEV IER SCIENCE SAN DIEGO 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA 1532-0464 J BIOMED INFORM J. Biomed. Inform. OCT 2011 44 5 805 814 10.1016/j.jbi.20 11.04.006 10 Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Appl ications; Medical Informatics Computer Science; Medical Informatics 828HL WOS:000295492000008 J Costa, CM; Menarguez-Tortosa, M; Fernandez-Breis, JT Martinez Costa, Catalina; Menarguez-Tortosa, Marcos; Tomas Fernandez-Breis, Jesu aldo Clinical data interoperability based on archetype transformation JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS English Article Electronic healthcare records; Semantic interoperability; ISO 13606; OpenEHR; Ar chetypes; Ontology MODEL-DRIVEN; INFRASTRUCTURE The semantic interoperab ility between health information systems is a major challenge to improve the qua lity of clinical practice and patient safety. In recent years many projects have faced this problem and provided solutions based on specific standards and techn ologies in order to satisfy the needs of a particular scenario. Most of such sol utions cannot be easily adapted to new scenarios, thus more global solutions are needed. In this work, we have focused on the semantic interoperability of elect ronic healthcare records standards based on the dual model architecture and we h ave developed a solution that has been applied to ISO 13606 and openEHR. The tec hnological infrastructure combines reference models, archetypes and ontologies, with the support of Model-driven Engineering techniques. For this purpose, the i nteroperability infrastructure developed in previous work by our group has been reused and extended to cover the requirements of data transformation. (C) 2011 E lsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [Costa, CM; Menarguez-Tortosa, M; Fernan dez-Breis, JT] Univ Murcia, Fac Informat, E-30100 Murcia, Spain Fernandez-Breis, JT (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Fac Informat, E-30100 Murcia, Spain cmartine
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] Spanish Ministry for Science and Education[TSI2007-66575-C02-02, TIN2010-21388-C02-02] This work has been possi ble thanks to the Spanish Ministry for Science and Education through Grants TSI2 007-66575-C02-02 and TIN2010-21388-C02-02. Special thanks to Daniel Karlsson, Ma rcelo Rodrigues dos Santos and Diego Bosca for providing us with data extracts f or the evaluation of our method. 32 0 0 ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE SAN DIEGO 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, C A 92101-4495 USA 1532-0464 J BIOMED INFORM J. Biomed. Infor m. OCT 2011 44 5 869 880 10.1016/j.jbi.2011.05.006 12 Computer Science, Interd isciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics Computer Science; Medical Inform
atics 828HL WOS:000295492000015 J Song, XB; Liu, SH; Qu, X; Hu, YW; Zhang, XY; Wang, T; Wei, FC Song, Xiaobin; Liu, Shaohua; Qu, Xun; Hu, Yingwei; Zhang, Xiaoying; Wang, Tao; W ei, Fengcai BMP2 and VEGF promote angiogenesis but retard terminal d ifferentiation of osteoblasts in bone regeneration by up-regulating Id1 ACTA BIO CHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA English Article bone tissue engineering; BMP2; VEGF; angiogenesis; Id1 MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; IN-VITRO; MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2; VASCULAR REGENERATION; GENE-TRANSFER; TISSUE; REPAIR; TRANSPLANTATION Inadequa te vascularization limits the repair of bone defects. In order to improve angiog enesis and accelerate osteogenesis, the synergism of co-cultured cells with gene tic modification in bone regeneration was investigated in this study. Endothelia l progenitor cells (EPCs) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were transfected wi th the genes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) by adenovirus, respectively. The co-cultured cells, designated as four groups including BMSC + EPC, Ad-BMP2-BMSC + EPC, BMSC + Ad-VEGF-EPC, an d Ad-BMP2-BMSC + Ad-VEGF-EPC groups, were seeded on an alginate gel and then imp lanted into rat intramuscularly to evaluate the effects on angiogenesis and oste ogenesis. Both VEGF and BMP2 could induce the overexpression of inhibitor of DNA -binding 1(Id1) gene which significantly promoted tube formation in vitro and in crease the amount of blood vessels in the Ad-BMP2-BMSC + Ad-VEGF-EPC group after implantation. Nevertheless, overexpression of Id1 retarded the terminal differe ntiation of osteoblasts and the bone formation. Later, osteogenic gene expressio n at transcriptional level, calcium nodules, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) acti vity showed a gradual decrease and the amount of newly formed osteogenesis area exhibited a small increase in the Ad-BMP2-BMSC + Ad-VEGF-EPC group. This finding suggests that a balanced regulation of Id1 expression in VEGF-EPCs and BMP2-BMS Cs may be critical to cell-based and gene-based approaches for bone regeneration . [Song, XB; Liu, SH; Hu, YW; Zhang, XY; Wang, T; Wei, FC] Shandong Univ, Inst Dent Med, Jinan 250012, Peoples R China; [Liu, SH; Hu, YW; Zhang, XY; Wang, T; Wei, FC] Shandong Univ, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Qilu Hosp, Jinan 250 012, Peoples R China; [Qu, X] Shandong Univ, Inst Basic Med Sci, Qilu Hosp, Jina n 250012, Peoples R China Wei, FC (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Inst De nt Med, Jinan 250012, Peoples R China
[email protected] National Natural Science Foundation of China[30772269] This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30772269). 35 0 0 OXFORD UNIV PRESS OXFORD GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6 DP, ENGLAND 1672-9145 ACTA BIOCH BIOPH SIN Acta Biochim. Bi ophys. Sin. OCT 2011 43 10 796 804 10.1093/abbs/gmr074 9 Biochemistry & M olecular Biology; Biophysics Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics 827EU WOS:000295411300007 J Onat, A Onat, Altan A quantitative a ppraisal of the genuine contribution of Turkey and Turkish universities to scien ce TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES English Article Contribution to science; fields of science; Turkish universities IMPACT Aim: To assess quantitatively the cumulative and genuine contribution of Turkish universities to science in the main fields over the past 30 years. Materials an d methods: In the Citation Reports section of the Web of Science, over 70 main s cientific institutions were searched; and publications that received 60 or more citations by May 2010 were selected. Papers having more than a minor share by in ternational authors were excluded. Results: Only 47 universities and 6 instituti ons generated articles that were cited >= 60 times. These publications, numberin g 541, received a total of 51.215 citations. Eight universities (Istanbul Univer sity, Istanbul Technical University, Hacettepe University, Bilkent University, M iddle-East Technical University, Bogazici University, Ankara University, and Ege University) acquired 62% of these citations. Primary authors were 335 individua ls among whom 121 generated 70% of these citations. It is estimated that Turkish scientists produce about 1 per mil of the global scientific output, which indic ates that about 40 such papers are produced annually in Turkey. A substantial va
riance was recorded across major universities in terms of the ratio of citations to highly-cited papers to the total citations. Engineering and geology had high er relative contributions, followed by agricultural sciences, ecology, pharmacy, chemistry and medicine, while physics, mathematics, and biology had less contri butions. Conclusion: Along with research in general, research potentially to con tribute to science needs specifically to be supported with a coherence, milieu c reation and consistent long-term policy. [Onat, A] Istanbul Univ, Dept Ca rdiol, Cerrahpasa Fac Med, Istanbul, Turkey Onat, A (reprint author), Nisbet iye Caddesi 59-24, TR-34335 Istanbul, Turkey
[email protected] 5 0 0 TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY ANKARA ATATURK BULVARI NO 221, KAVAKLIDERE, ANKARA, 00000, TURKEY 1300-014 4 TURK J MED SCI Turk. J. Med. Sci. OCT 2011 41 5 909 917 10.3906/sag-1006-885 9 Medicine, General & Internal General & Internal Medicine 828JW WOS:000295498300021 J Safarzadeh, O; Zolfaghari, A; Norouzi, A; Minuchehr, H Safarzadeh, O.; Zolfaghari, A.; Norouzi, A.; Minuchehr, H. Loading pattern optimization of PWR reactors using Artificial Bee Colony ANNALS O F NUCLEAR ENERGY English Article Artificial Bee Colony; Genetic Algorithm; Particle Swarm Optimization; VVER-1000 ; Fuel management FUEL-MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION; CODED GENETIC ALGORITHM; C ORE RELOAD DESIGN; SWARM INTELLIGENCE; NEURAL-NETWORK In this paper a core rel oading technique using Artificial Bee Colony algorithm, ABC, is presented in the context of finding an optimal configuration of fuel assemblies. The proposed me thod can be used for in-core fuel management optimization problems in pressurize d water reactors. To evaluate the proposed technique, the power flattening of a VVER-1000 core is considered as an objective function although other variables s uch as K(eff), power peaking factor, burn up and cycle length can also be taken into account. The proposed optimization method is applied to a core design optim ization problem previously solved with Genetic and Particle Swarm Intelligence A lgorithm. The results, convergence rate and reliability of the new method are qu ite promising and show that the ABC algorithm performs very well and is comparab le to the canonical Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Intelligence, hence dem onstrating its potential for other optimization applications in nuclear engineer ing field as, for instance, the cascade problems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rig hts reserved. [Safarzadeh, O; Zolfaghari, A; Norouzi, A; Minuchehr, H] Shahid Beheshti Univ, Dept Engn, GC, Tehran, Iran Zolfaghari, A (reprint author), Shahid Beheshti Univ, Dept Engn, GC, POB 1983963113, Tehran, Iran a-zolfag
[email protected] 50 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIE R SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB , ENGLAND 0306-4549 ANN NUCL ENERGY Ann. Nucl. Energy OCT 2011 38 10 2218 2226 10.1016/j.anucene.2011.06.008 9 Nuclear Science & Techno logy Nuclear Science & Technology 826HX WOS:000295346300015 J Clark, BY Clark, Benjamin Y. Influences and conflicts of federal policies in academic-industrial scientific c ollaboration JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER English Article Collaboration; Academic scientific collaboration; Academic-industrial collaborat ion; Federal research funding RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; MULTIPLE AUTHORSHIP; T ECHNOLOGY-TRANSFER; LIFE SCIENCES; VERTICAL INTEGRATION; RESEARCH UNIVERSITY; RE SEARCH CENTERS; UNITED-STATES; ECONOMICS; FACULTY This paper examines the role of the federal government in shaping the relationship between academics sci entists and industry. There exists a potential conflict between government polic ies encouraging collaboration within academia and the policies encouraging colla boration between academia and industry. To test and model these potential confli cts, this paper uses data collected in a 2004-2005 survey by the Research Valuin g Mapping Project (a project based at Georgia Tech and led by Barry Bozeman) of more than 2000 academically based research scientists and engineers. The major f inding in this paper shows that academic scientists working with industry collab orate more (with all types of collaborators) than those that do not collaborate
with industry. However, when examining only those scientist that collaborate wit h industry, the results reveal a negative relationship between the amount of tim e spent collaborating with industry and the number of collaborators; implying th at increasing collaboration with industry leads to less academic-academic collab oration. Univ Georgia, Dept Publ Adm & Policy, Athens, GA 30602 USA Clark, BY (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Publ Adm & Policy, 204 Baldwin Ha ll, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[email protected] 120 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0892-9912 J TECHNOL TRANSFER J. Technol. Tran sf. OCT 2011 36 5 514 545 10.1007/s10961-010-9161-z 32 Engineering, Industrial; Management Engineering; Business & Economics 824AR WOS:000295171600 002 J Schultz, LI Schultz, Laura I. Nanotechnology's triple helix: a case study of the University at Albany's Colleg e of Nanoscale Science and Engineering JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER English Article Nanotechnology; Universi ty-industry collaboration; Triple helix; Research center; Regional development EVOLUTION; INDUSTRY In 2001, New York State teamed with IBM to create a rese arch center for nanoelectronics at the University at Albany. Since then, the Col lege of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (CNSE) has been expanded with over $6 billion in investment, attracted over 250 industrial collaborators, and awarded 72 graduate degrees. This paper discusses the formation of the triple helix cent er in Albany, NY. It then examines the impact of the CNSE on the regional econom y and compares it with three other nanotechnology triple helix centers. The anal ysis finds that the CNSE is more successful at generating nanoknowledge as measu red by publications and patents. Much of the research conducted at CNSE has been collaborative effort between university and industrial partners and often resul ted in patents assigned to industrial partners. Since 2001, there has been quali tative and quantitative evidence of the emergence of a nanotechnology cluster in the Capital Region of NY. Upstate NY has become home to multiple nanotechnology firms and experienced growth in the employment in nanotechnology related indust ries. Potential explanations for the success of the CNSE are explored including the anchor tenant hypothesis and the entrepreneurial university. Coll Nan oscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12203 USA Schultz, LI (reprint author), Coll Nanos cale Sci & Engn, 257 Fuller Rd, Albany, NY 12203 USA
[email protected] du 40 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0892-9912 J TECHNOL TRANSF ER J. Technol. Transf. OCT 2011 36 5 546 564 10.1007/s10961-010-9201-8 19 Engineering, Industrial; Management Engineering; Business & Economics 824AR WOS:000295171600003 J See, EYS; Toh, SL; Goh, JCH See, Eugene Yong -Shun; Toh, Siew Lok; Goh, James Cho-Hong Effects of Radial Compre ssion on a Novel Simulated Intervertebral Disc-Like Assembly Using Bone Marrow-D erived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cell-Sheets for Annulus Fibrosus Regeneration SPINE English Article bone mar row-derived mesenchymal stem cell; cell-sheet; bioreactor; annulus fibrosus; tis sue engineering EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX SYNTHESIS; NUCLEUS PULPOSUS CELLS; STROMAL CELLS; IN-VITRO; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; SILK SCAFFOLDS; DIFFERENTIATION; STIMULAT ION; PROLIFERATION; PROTEOGLYCAN Study Design. The aim of this study was to develop a tissue engineering approach in regenerating the annulus fibrosus (A F) as part of an overall strategy to produce a tissue-engineered intervertebral disc (IVD) replacement. Objective. To determine whether a rehabilitative simulat ion regime on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell cell-sheet is able to ai d the regeneration of the AF. Summary of Background Data. No previous study has used bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell cell-sheets simulated by a rehabi litative regime to regenerate the AF. Methods. The approach was to use bone marr ow-derived stem cells to form cell-sheets and incorporating them onto silk scaff olds to simulate the native lamellae of the AF. The in vitro experimental model
used to study the efficacy of such a system was made up of the tissue engineerin g AF construct wrapped around a silicone disc to form a simulated IVD-like assem bly. The assembly was cultured within a custom-designed bioreactor that provided a compressive mechanical stimulation onto the silicone disc. The silicone nucle us pulposus would bulge radially and compress the simulated AF to mimic the phys iological conditions. The simulated IVD-like assembly was compressed using a reh abilitative regime that lasted for 4 weeks at 0.25 Hz, for 15 minutes each day. Results. With the rehabilitative regime, the cell-sheets remained viable but sho wed a decrease in cell numbers and viability. Gene expression analysis showed si gnificant upregulation of IVD-related genes and there was an increased ratio of collagen type II to collagen type I found within the extracellular matrix. Concl usion. The results suggested that a rehabilitative regime caused extensive remod eling to take place within the simulated IVD-like assembly, producing extracellu lar matrix similar to that found in the inner AF. [See, EYS; Toh, SL; Goh, JCH] Natl Univ Singapore, Div Bioengn, Singapore 117576, Singapore See, EYS (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Div Bioengn, 9 Engn Dr 1,Block EA 03-12, Singapore 117576, Singapore
[email protected] 47 0 0 LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PHILADELPHIA 530 WALN UT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA 0362-2436 SPINE SPINE OCT 1 2011 36 21 1744 1751 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31821986b3 8 Clinical Neurology; Orth opedics Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics 825YK WOS:000295318000014 J Jovanovic, J; Hengeveld, W; Rebrov, EV; Nijhuis, TA; Hessel, V; Schouten , JC Jovanovic, Jovan; Hengeveld, Wessel; Rebrov, Evg eny V.; Nijhuis, T. A.; Hessel, Volker; Schouten, Jaap C. Redisper sion Microreactor System for Phase Transfer-Catalyzed Esterification CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY English Article Coalescence; Interdigital mixer; Microprocess engineering; Microreactor; Novel p rocess windows; Phase transfer catalysis; Process intensification DROP SIZ E DISTRIBUTION; INTERDIGITAL MICROMIXERS; CAPILLARY-MICROREACTOR; EXTRACTION PRO CESSES; BENZYL BENZOATE; MICROCHANNEL; FLOW; INTENSIFICATION; DISPERSION; KINETI CS An interdigital mixer-redispersion capillary assembly was applied to pre vent the liquid-liquid bubbly flow coalescence in microreactors. The redispersio n capillary consisted of 1-mm-long 0.25 mm inner-diameter constrictions, placed every 0.50 m along the channel length. The system was tested on the phase transf er-catalyzed esterification to produce benzyl benzoate. The application of const rictions to prevent coalescence resulted in a better reproducibility and higher conversion compared to a capillary without constrictions. The bubbly flow genera ted by the interdigital mixer-redispersion capillary assembly was found to be in dependent of the redispersion capillary inner diameters (0.50 and 0.75 mm) while being highly dependent on the flow rates. By controlling the total flow rate an d the aqueous-to-organic ratio, the bubbly flow surface-to-volume ratio could be increased up to 230 700 m(2)m(-3). Compared to the conventional phase transfercatalyzed esterification, the continuous operation in the interdigital mixer-red ispersion capillary assembly eliminated the use of solvents and bases, removing an energy-intensive step of distillation while increasing process safety. [Jovanovic, J; Rebrov, EV; Nijhuis, TA; Hessel, V; Schouten, JC] Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Chem, Lab Chem Reactor Engn, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Net herlands; [Hengeveld, W] Flowid BV, Eindhoven, Netherlands Schouten, JC (re print author), Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Chem, Lab Chem Reactor E ngn, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
[email protected] 44 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0930-7516 CHEM ENG TECHNOL Chem. En g. Technol. OCT 2011 34 10 1691 1699 10.1002/ceat.201100118 9 Engineering, Che mical Engineering 825OA WOS:000295287400012 J Suzuki, Y Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Molecular basis of neurogenetic diseases BRAIN & DEVELOPMENT English Article; Proceedings Paper 13th Annual Meeting of the Infantile-Sei zure-Society/International Symposium on Epilepsy in Neurometabolic Diseases (ISE
NMD) MAR 26-28, 2010 Taipei, TAIWAN Infantile Seizure Soc Epilepsy ; Neurogenetic disease; Neurometabolic disease; Genetic analysis; Gene mutation; Genetic engineering CHEMICAL CHAPERONE THERAPY; DEPENDENT DNA POLYMERASE; AL PHA-GALACTOSIDASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NON-DISCOVERER; FABRY DISEASE; MENDELISM; R NA; G(M1)-GANGLIOSIDOSIS; TSCHERMAK Molecular background of neurogenetic dis ease is briefly reviewed. Importance and usefulness of genetic testing are empha sized. Molecular genetics is a powerful tool for investigation of epileptic synd romes. Diagnosis based on gene analysis will give a new insight for pathophysiol oay and clinical outcome of the patient, and there is a hope to develop a new th erapeutic approach in the near future. Among them a new molecular therapeutic tr ial for lysosomal diseases is being developed: chemical chaperone therapy. It wi ll become a new approach to brain damage causing epilepsy and other phenotypic e xpressions of a large number of genetic diseases in the near future. (C) 2011 Th e Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights res erved. Int Univ Hlth & Welf, Grad Sch, Otawara, Tochigi 3248501, Japan Suzuki, Y (reprint author), Int Univ Hlth & Welf, Grad Sch, 2600-1 Kita Kanemaru, Otawar a, Tochigi 3248501, Japan
[email protected] 39 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0387-7604 BRAIN DEV-JPN Brain De v. OCT 2011 33 9 719 725 10.1016/j.braindev.2011.01.007 7 Clinical Neurology Neurosciences & Neurology 827QN WOS:000295443100003 J Mohammadi, H; Herzog, W Mohammadi, Hadi; Herzog, Walter A novel model for diffusion based release kinetics using an inve rse numerical method MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS English Article Finite element method; Finite difference method; Least square algorithm; Continu um model; Computational mechanics; Numerical scheme; Diffusion; Release kinetics POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) HYDROGELS; SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON; DRUG-RELEASE; THAWING TECHNI QUES; DELIVERY; SIMULATION; MEMBRANES; MATRICES; MECHANISMS; SCATTERING We devel oped and analyzed an inverse numerical model based on Fick's second law on the d ynamics of drug release. In contrast to previous models which required two state descriptions of diffusion for long- and short-term release processes, our model is valid for the entire release process. The proposed model may be used for ide ntifying and reducing experimental errors associated with measurements of diffus ion based release kinetics. Knowing the initial and boundary conditions, and ass uming Fick's second law to be appropriate, we use the methods of Lagrange multip lier along with least-square algorithms to define a cost function which is discr etized using finite difference methods and is optimized so as to minimize errors . Our model can describe diffusion based release kinetics for static and dynamic conditions as accurately as finite element methods, but results are obtained in a fraction of CPU time. Our method can be widely used for drug release procedur es and for tissue engineering/repair applications where oxygenation of cells res iding within a matrix is important. (C) 2011 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Al l rights reserved. [Mohammadi, H; Herzog, W] Univ Calgary, Fac Kinesiol, Hu man Performance Lab, Calgary, AB, Canada Mohammadi, H (reprint author), U niv Calgary, Fac Kinesiol, Human Performance Lab, Calgary, AB, Canada hadim74@ gmail.com Canada Research Chair Programme; Alberta Innovates-Health Soluti ons The authors acknowledge the Canada Research Chair Programme and Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions for financially supporting this project. 36 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0951-8320 MED ENG PHYS Med. Eng. Phys. OCT 2011 33 8 893 899 10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.02.003 7 Engineering, Biomedical Engineering 823FL WOS:000295107800001 J Smith, JT; Das, S; Appenzeller, J Smith, J oshua T.; Das, Saptarshi; Appenzeller, Joerg Broken-Gap Tunnel MOSFET : A Constant-Slope Sub-60-mV/decade Transistor IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS English Article Broken gap; constant slo pe; heterostructure; low power; steep-slope transistor PERFORMANCE; DEVICES; FE TS We propose a novel low-power transistor device, called the broken-gap tu
nnel MOSFET (BG-TMOS), which is capable of achieving constant sub-60-mV/decade i nverse subthreshold slopes S at room temperature. Structurally, the device resem bles an ungated broken-gap heterostructure Esaki region in series with a convent ional MOSFET. The gate voltage independence of the energy spacing between the co nduction and valence bands at the heterojunction is the key to producing a const ant S < 60 mV/decade, which can be tuned by properly engineering the material co mposition at this interface. In contrast to the tunneling field-effect transisto r, the tunnel junction in the BG-TMOS is independent of the electrostatics in th e channel region, enabling the use of 2-D architectures for improved current dri ve without degradation of S-attractive features from a circuit design perspectiv e. Simulations show that the BG-TMOS can exceed MOSFET performance at low supply voltages. [Smith, JT; Das, S; Appenzeller, J] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Com p Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA Smith, JT (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
[email protected]; sdas @purdue.edu;
[email protected] Center for Functional Engineered Nano Ar chitectonics[104295] This work was supported in part by the Center for Functi onal Engineered Nano Architectonics under Grant 104295. The review of this lette r was arranged by Editor M. Passlack. 16 0 0 IEEE-INS T ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAWAY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWA Y, NJ 08855-4141 USA 0741-3106 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L IEEE Ele ctron Device Lett. OCT 2011 32 10 1367 1369 10.1109/LED.2011.2162220 3 Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Engineering 826GH WOS:000295340300 017 J Yu, JH; Jiang, PK; Wu, C; Wang, LC; Wu, XF Yu, Jinhong; Jiang, Pingkai; Wu, Chao; Wang, Lichun; Wu, Xinfeng Graphene Nanocomposites Based on Poly(vinylidene fluoride): Structure and Proper ties POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE; THERMAL-STABILITY; SUPERCAPACITOR ELECTRODES; CARBON NA NOTUBES; COMPOSITE; FILMS; GRAPHITE; POLYMERS; SHEETS; OXIDE A nanocomposite of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was prepared with graphene sheets (GSs), whi ch are a novel filler by a solution method. The structure-properties relationshi ps of PVDF/GSs nanocomposites were studied. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction show that addition of GSs to the PVDF matrix promotes an alpha phase to beta phase transformation of the polymer crystal. The nanocomposites exhibit significant increases in dynamic mechanical properties a nd thermal stability compared to the neat PVDF. In addition, the incorporation o f GSs in PVDF indicated excellent optical transparency at the lowest weight frac tions of GSs and modified wettability of PVDF. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1483-1491, 201 1. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Yu, JH; Jiang, PK; Wu, C; Wang, LC; Wu, XF] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Shanghai Key Lab Elect Insulat & Thermal Aging, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China Jiang, PK (repri nt author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Shanghai Key Lab E lect Insulat & Thermal Aging, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China
[email protected] .cn 35 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1483 1491 10.1002/pc.21106 9 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700001 J Gong, G; Mathew, AP; Oksman, K Gong, Guan; Math ew, Aji P.; Oksman, Kristiina Toughening Effect of Cellulose Nanowhisk ers on Polyvinyl Acetate: Fracture Toughness and Viscoelastic Analysis POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS; WHISKER NANOCOMPOSITES; POL YMER NANOCOMPOSITES; STRESS-TRANSFER; ALCOHOL The toughening effect of cellulo se nanowhiskers (CNWs) on modified polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) was analyzed with th e help of morphology, relaxation, and creep behavior. The CNWs together with bou nd moisture at the matrix/whisker interfaces resulted in significant improvement in resistance to crack initiation and propagation. The magnitude of plastic def
ormation of the nanocomposites was higher than that of the neat PVAc. The relaxa tion temperature decreased, while the width of the damping peak increased with i ncreasing CNW and moisture contents. The results from creep modeling showed that the instantaneous elastic modulus first increased and then decreased with the a ddition of CNWs, while the time-dependent elasticity and viscosity decreased. Th e results suggested that the reinforcing effect of the CNWs was overwhelmed by t he plasticizing effect of the bound moisture. Furthermore, low concentrations of CNWs significantly improved the fracture toughness of PVAc at the minor cost of strength, stiffness, and creep resistance. In this article, we present a novel approach to studying the toughening effect of CNWs on polymers using fracture te sts and viscoelastic modeling. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1492-1498, 2011. (C) 2011 Soci ety of Plastics Engineers [Gong, G; Mathew, AP; Oksman, K] Lulea Univ Tech nol, Div Mfg & Design Wood & Bionanocomposites, S-97187 Lulea, Sweden Oksman, K (reprint author), Lulea Univ Technol, Div Mfg & Design Wood & Bionanocomposite s, S-97187 Lulea, Sweden
[email protected] Kempe Foundation Contract grant sponsor: Kempe Foundation. 34 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1492 1498 10.1002/pc.21170 7 Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Scienc e; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700002 J Thelakkadan, AS; Coletti, G; Guastavino, F; Fina, A Thelakkadan, A. S.; Coletti, G.; Guastavino, F.; Fina, A. Effect o f the Nature of Clay on the Thermo-Mechanodynamical and Electrical Properties of Epoxy/Clay Nanocomposites POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article COMBUSTION PERFORMANCE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AMINOPHENYLMETHYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE; CLAY/EPOXY NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; CARBON NANOTUBES; RESINS; MO NTMORILLONITE; BEHAVIOR; COMPOSITES The effect of nature of clay on the ther mo-mechanodynamical and electrical properties of epoxy/clay nanocomposites prepa red from bisphenolic epoxy resins and different nanoclays are presented. The the rmal-mechanodynamical properties of the nanocomposites were studied by DMTA, sho wing significant increase in both elastic modulus and glass transition temperatu re. Short time AC dielectric breakdown strength measurements carried out on the nanocomposites showed an increase in dielectric breakdown strength for the nanoc omposites prepared with organically modified clays. The space charges accumulate d in the materials as studied by pulsed electroacoustics method showed a signifi cant decrease in the space charge accumulation in the nanocomposites with organo clays as the nanofiller. Similarly the space charge decays almost completely in the nanocomposites prepared with organoclays as nanofiller. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1 499-1504, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Thelakkadan, AS; Colett i, G; Guastavino, F] Univ Genoa, Dept Naval & Elect Engn, I-16145 Genoa, Italy; [Fina, A] Politecn Torino, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, I-15100 Alessandria, Italy Thelakkadan, AS (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dept Naval & Elect Engn, Via Opera Pia 11A, I-16145 Genoa, Italy
[email protected] Politecnico do Torino; U niversity of Genova The authors would like express their gratitude to Prof. Giovanni Camino at Politecnico do Torino, Dr. Andrea Dardano, Dr. Alessandro Rat to, and Dr. Eugenia Torello at University of Genova for discussion and support d uring the preparation of this work. 39 0 0 WILEY-BL ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-839 7 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1499 1504 10.1002/pc.21176 6 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700003 J Chen, YK; Xu, CH Chen, Yukun; Xu, Chuanhu i Crosslink Network Evolution of Nature Rubber/Zinc Dimethacrylate Composite During Peroxide Vulcanization POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article IN-SITU POLYMERI ZATION; MAGNESIUM METHACRYLATE; ZINC DIMETHACRYLATE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MORP HOLOGY In this article, we investigated the evolution of the crosslink networks in nature rubber (NR) which is filled with in situ zinc dimethacrylate (ZDMA) d
uring vulcanization. The results revealed that a primary network dominated by th e ionic bond could be formed in the first 1 min, while the backbone of the coval ent crosslink network was not formed. The ionic crosslinks, cooperating with som e other physical crosslinks and some primary covalent crosslink points, play an important role in supporting the crosslink backbone of the composite in this per iod. This primary network was strong enough to bear the force exerted by the mov ing die of the Rheometer and to enable the composite that do not dissolve in tol uene. After that, both the covalent crosslinking of NR molecules and polymerizat ion of ZDMA react rapidly to give a birth to the fundamental network of the comp osites. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calori meter were also used to investigate the curing reaction of the NR/ZDMA compounds . After ZDMA reaching a considerable conversion, the substantial covalent crossl inking reaction starts to be initiated. These results support the primary networ k dominated by the ionic bond formed in the first 1 min. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1505 -1514, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Chen, YK] S China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Automot Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Xu, CH] S China Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China Chen, YK (reprint author), S China Univ Technol, Sch Mec h & Automot Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
[email protected] 25 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1505 1514 10.1002/pc.21179 10 Materials Science, Composites; P olymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700 004 J Lee, KE; Khan, I; Morad, N; Teng, TT; Poh, BT Lee, Khai Ern; Khan, Imran; Morad, Norhashimah; Teng, Tjoon Tow; Poh, Beng Teik Thermal Behavior and Morphological Properties of Novel Magnesium Salt-Polyacryla mide Composite Polymers POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article HYBRID POLYMER; DEGRADATION; CHLORIDE; COAGULANT; FLOCCULATION; ACRYLAMIDE; WATE R Magnesium salt-polyacrylamide composite polymers have been prepared by b lending magnesium chloride and magnesium hydroxide, respectively, with polyacryl amide aqueous solution. The thermal behavior of the dried magnesium salt-polyacr ylamide composite polymers has been studied. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were carried out to invest igate the changes of the composite polymers' behavior with temperature. The kine tics of the thermal decomposition of magnesium salt-polyacrylamide composite pol ymers was investigated over temperature range of 35-800 degrees C with three hea ting rates of 10, 20, and 40 degrees C/min under nitrogen atmosphere. Flynn and Wall's model was used to determine the activation energies of thermal decomposit ion for magnesium salt-polyacrylamide composite polymers. The activation energie s needed to decompose 50 wt% of magnesium hydroxide-polyacrylamide (MHPAM) compo site polymer ranged from of 28.993-174.307 kJ/mol which are higher than the valu es for magnesium chloride-polyacrylamide (MCPAM) composite polymer (21.069-39.41 2 kJ/mol). Therefore, MHPAM composite polymer has a better thermal stability com pared with MCPAM composite polymer. The morphological properties of magnesium sa lt-polyacrylamide composite polymers were studied using scanning electron micros copy (SEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to determine the composition of the chemical elements. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1515-1522, 2011. (C) 2 011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Lee, KE; Khan, I; Morad, N; Teng, TT; P oh, BT] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Ind Technol, George Town 11800, Malaysia Morad, N (reprint author), Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Ind Technol, George Town 118 00, Malaysia
[email protected] Universiti Sains Malaysia Contract grant s ponsor: Research University Grant and Post Graduate Fellowship from Universiti S ains Malaysia. 23 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM CO MPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1515 1522 10.1002/pc.21180 8 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700005
J .
Wang, JH; Zhang, BY Wang, J. H.; Zhang, B. Y The Kinetics and Morphology of Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals by Doped Crylic Acid POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article INDUCED PHASE-SEPARATION; UV-CURABLE POLYMER; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; FTIR SPECT ROSCOPY; BINARY-MIXTURES; SYSTEMS; GRATINGS It is widely appreciated that el ectro-optical activity in polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) depends on p hase separation of polymer and liquid crystals (LCs). The morphology of the LCs domains depends on the detail of the chemical and physical processes active duri ng the formation of domains. This work discusses two-phase morphology in an acry late-based system that developed during polymerization induced phase separation. UV/VIS spectrometer is used for monitoring the polymerization of the PDLCs by r eal-time scattering. The doped crylic acid accelerated the speed of polymerizati on. The electro-optical properties of PDLCs films are measured by Polarimeter (P erkinElmer Model 341). The lower threshold voltage was obtained by doped crylic acid at suitable ratio. The polarizing optical microscopy and Fourier transform infrared image system are used for depicting the morphology of LC droplets in po lymer matrix. The sizes and dispersion of LC droplets were influenced by doped c rylic acid which accelerated the speed of polymerization. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:152 3-1531, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Wang, JH] Shenyang Univ , Coll Sci, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China; [Zhang, BY] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Mol Sci & Engn, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China Wang, JH (reprint author ), Shenyang Univ, Coll Sci, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China jhwang1228@yahoo .com.cn National Science Fundamental Committee of China; HI-Tech Research and de velopment program[863]; Commission for science, technology, and industry for nat ional defence of China[DBDX2008038] Contract grant sponsor: National Science Fundamental Committee of China, HI-Tech Research and development program; contr act grant number: 863. Contract grant sponsor: Commission for science, technolog y, and industry for national defence of China; contract grant number: DBDX200803 8. 35 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1523 1531 10.1002/pc.21181 9 Materials Scienc e, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700006 J Khattab, A; Khattak, MJ; Fadhil, IM Khattab, Ahmed; Khattak, Mohammad J.; Fadhil, Imran M. Micromechanical Discrete Element Modeling of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites POLYMER COMPOSIT ES English Article An analytical model of mechanical behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer co mposites using an advanced discrete element model (DEM) coupled with imaging tec hniques is presented in this article. The analysis focuses on composite material s molded by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding. The molded composite structu re consists of eight-harness carbon fiber fabrics and a high-temperature polymer . The actual structure of the molded material was captured in digital images usi ng optical microscopy. DEM was developed using the image-based-shape structural model to predict the composite elastic modulus, stress-strain response, and comp ressive strength. An experimental case study is presented to evaluate the accura cy of the developed analytical model. The results indicate that the image-based DEM micromechanical model showed fairly accurate predictions for the elastic mod ulus and compressive strength. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1532-1540, 2011. (C) 2011 Soci ety of Plastics Engineers [Khattab, A] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Coll Engn , Dept Ind Technol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA; [Khattak, MJ] Univ Louisiana Lafaye tte, Dept Civil Engn, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA; [Fadhil, IM] Univ Louisiana Lafay ette, Dept Petr Engn, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA Khattab, A (reprint author), Uni v Louisiana Lafayette, Coll Engn, Dept Ind Technol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA
[email protected] University of Louisiana at Lafayette; Airtech Advanced M aterials Group; Hexcel Corporation; Cytec Engineered Materials The authors ackn owledge the support of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. Also, the autho rs acknowledge the support of the Airtech Advanced Materials Group, Hexcel Corpo ration, and Cytec Engineered Materials. 14 0 0 WILEY-BL
ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-839 7 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1532 1540 10.1002/pc.21182 9 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700007 J Doddamani, MR; Kulkarni, SM; Kishore Doddaman i, M. R.; Kulkarni, S. M.; Kishore Behavior of Sandwich Beams With Functionally Graded Rubber Core in Three Point Bending POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article REINFORCED SYNTA CTIC FOAMS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FLY-ASH; STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS; COMPRESSIVE PROPERTIES; FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR; COMPOSITES; JUTE; STRENGTH; TENSILE The thre e-point bending behavior of sandwich beams made up of jute epoxy skins and piece wise linear functionally graded (FG) rubber core reinforced with fly ash filler is investigated. This work studies the influence of the parameters such as weigh t fraction of fly ash, core to thickness ratio, and orientation of jute on speci fic bending modulus and strength. The load displacement response of the sandwich is traced to evaluate the specific modulus and strength. FG core samples are pr epared by using conventional casting technique and sandwich by hand layup. Prese nce of gradation is quantified experimentally. Results of bending test indicate that specific modulus and strength are primarily governed by filler content and core to sandwich thickness ratio. FG sandwiches with different gradation configu rations (uniform, linear, and piecewise linear) are modeled using finite element analysis (ANSYS 5.4) to evaluate specific strength which is subsequently compar ed with the experimental results and the best gradation configuration is present ed. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1541-1551, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Doddamani, MR; Kulkarni, SM] Natl Inst Technol Karnataka, Dept Mech Engn, Surat hkal 575025, India; [Kishore] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Mat Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India Doddamani, MR (reprint author), Natl Inst Technol Karnat aka, Dept Mech Engn, Surathkal 575025, India
[email protected] 63 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1541 1551 10.1002/pc.21173 11 Materials Science, Composites; P olymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700 008 J Zaman, HU; Khan, MA; Khan, RA Zaman, Haydar U. ; Khan, Mubarak A.; Khan, Ruhul A. A Comparative Study on the Mecha nical and Degradation Properties of Plant Fibers Reinforced Polyethylene Composi tes POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article Coir; abaca; linear low density polyethylene; composite; starch and mechanical p roperties LINKED POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL); NATURAL-RUBBER COMPOSITES; POLYPROPY LENE COMPOSITES; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACE MODIFICATION; JUTE; COIR; UV; ST ARCH; PERFORMANCE Coir and abaca fiber-reinforced linear low density polye thylene (LLDPE) composites (30 wt% fiber) were prepared by compression molding. Coir and abaca fibers were treated with methyl methacrylate (MMA) using ultravio let radiation to improve the mechanical properties of the composites. Concentrat ion of MMA and radiation dose was optimized. It was found that 30% MMA in methan ol along with photoinitiator Darocur-1173 (2%) and 15th pass of radiation render ed better performance. Chemically treated fiber-reinforced specimens yielded bet ter mechanical properties compared to the untreated composites, whereas coir fib er composites had better mechanical properties than abaca fiber reinforced ones. For the improvement of the properties, optimized coir (coir fiber treated with 30% MMA) and abaca (abaca fiber treated with 40% MMA) fibers were again treated with aqueous starch solution (2%-8%, w/w) for 2-7 min. Composites made of 3%-sta rch-treated coir fiber (5 min soaking time) showed the best mechanical propertie s than that of abaca-fiber-based composites. Water uptake and soil degradation t ests of the composites were also performed. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1552-1560, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Zaman, HU; Khan, MA; Khan, RA] Banglade sh Atom Energy Commiss, Inst Nucl Sci & Technol, Radiat & Polymer Chem Lab, Dhak a, Bangladesh Zaman, HU (reprint author), Bangladesh Atom Energy Commiss, Inst
Nucl Sci & Technol, Radiat & Polymer Chem Lab, POB 3787, Dhaka, Bangladesh
[email protected] 36 0 0 WILEY-BL ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-839 7 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1552 1560 10.1002/pc.21168 9 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700009 J Ye, Q; Chen, PH Ye, Qiang; Chen, Puhui Prediction of the Strength Parameter of Cohesive Zone Model for Simulating Compo site Delamination by the Equivalent Inclusion Method POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article PROGRESSIVE DELA MINATION; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; INTERFACE ELEMENTS; FRACTURE; TOUGHNESS; GROWTH The cohesive strength is an important parameter in numerically modeling composit e delamination via cohesive zone model-based FEM. A micromechanical model is pro posed to predict the cohesive strength based on Eshelby's equivalent inclusion m ethod (EIM). In this model, it is considered that the cohesive strength depends heavily on the stress concentrations at the microscopic level. The cohesive stre ngths of T700/QY8911 and AS4/PEEK laminates at various cross-angles of the bidir ectional fibers are computed using EIM with constant eigenstrains. With the pred icted cohesive strengths the FEM simulations on mixed-mode bending and six-point bending test are presented, and the results are in fair agreement with experime ntal observation. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1561-1567, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plasti cs Engineers [Ye, Q; Chen, PH] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Sch Aerosp Engn, Nanjing 210016, Peoples R China Ye, Q (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Aer onaut & Astronaut, Sch Aerosp Engn, Nanjing 210016, Peoples R China yeqiang1
[email protected] Chinese National Science Fund[10872091]; Jiangsu Innovation Prog ram for Graduate Education[CX098-084Z]; Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation in NUA A[BCXJ09-02] Contract grant sponsor: Chinese National Science Fund; contract grant number: 10872091; contract grant sponsor: Jiangsu Innovation Program for G raduate Education; contract grant number: CX098-084Z; contract grant sponsor: Ou tstanding Doctoral Dissertation in NUAA; contract grant number: BCXJ09-02. 30 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1561 1567 10.1002/pc.21189 7 Materials Science, Composites; P olymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700 010 J Lin, OH; Akil, HM; Ishak, ZAM Lin, Ong Hui; Ak il, Hazizan Md; Ishak, Z. A. Mohd Surface-Activated Nanosilica Tre ated With Silane Coupling Agents/Polypropylene Composites: Mechanical, Morpholog ical, and Thermal Studies POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article NANOPARTICLES FILLED-POLYPROPYLENE; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; STYRENE-BUTA DIENE RUBBER; GRAFTED POLYPROPYLENE; SILICA NANOPARTICLES; NANOCOMPOSITES; PERFO RMANCE; PARTICLES; POLYMERS; CRYSTALLIZATION This work reports the mechanical , morphological, and thermal properties of the polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites containing nanosilica (nano-SiO(2)) which were treated by different functional group silane coupling agents. Four types of silane coupling agents namely aminop ropyltriethoxy silane (APTES), glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxy silane (GPTMS), trime thoxysilylpropyl methacrylate (TMPM), and dichlorodimethyl silane (DCMS) were us ed to modify the surface-activated nanosilica. To enhance the effectiveness of t he coupling, nanosilica was chemically activated and analyzed through FTIR and X -ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS). The highest tensile strength was recorde d by the activated nanocomposites treated with APTES followed by nanocomposite t reated with GPTMS, TMPM, and DCMS, respectively. The addition of silane coupling agents into nano-SiO(2)/PP system further improved the tensile modulus of the P P nanocomposites. From the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, acti vated nanosilica treated with APTES showed better nanosilica dispersion in the P P matrix and lesser agglomeration occurred when compared with the other silane c oupling agents which were used in this study. Surface activation process does no t effectively increase the degree of crystallinity and thermal stability on the
PP nanocomposites. However, with the assistance of the surface treatment, it was found that the thermal behavior of the PP nanocomposites had been enhanced. POL YM. COMPOS., 32:1568-1583, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Lin, OH ] Univ Malaysia Perlis, Sch Mat Engn, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia; [Akil, HM; I shak, ZAM] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Mat & Mineral Resources Engn, Nibong Tebal 1 4300, Penang, Malaysia Lin, OH (reprint author), Univ Malaysia Perlis, Sch Mat Engn, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 2, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia hlong@un imap.edu.my;
[email protected] School of Materials Engineering & Mineral Resour ces, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia Contract grant sponsor: School of Materials Engineering & Mineral Resources, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. 41 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1568 1583 10.1002/pc.21190 16 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700011 J Ramirez, NV; Sanchez-Soto, M; Illescas, S Vila Ramirez, Narciso; Sanchez-Soto, Miguel; Illescas, Silvia Enhancem ent of POM Thermooxidation Resistance Through POSS Nanoparticles POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANE; DEGRADATION BEHAVIOR; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; THERMOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; POLYOXYMETHYLENE; COPOLYMER; NANOCOMPOSITES; STABI LIZATION; MORPHOLOGY Thermooxidative degradation at and beyond processing tem peratures has been carried out on polyoxymethylene (POM) enhanced with four diff erent types of POSS, being Glycidyl, GlycidylIsobutyl, Aminopropylisobutyl, and Poly(ethylene glycol). The quantification of such degradation was carried out th rough FTIR spectrography, color spectrophotometry, and thermogravimetric analysi s methods. The results showed that the presence of POSS in the blend improves dr amatically the thermal stability of the POM matrix. The best performance was fou nd with Aminopropylisobutyl, whereby the onset of degradation temperature increa sed by more than 50 degrees C. Said improvement is referred to the conditions wh ere the nanocomposite developed only 2% of carbonyl yield and 8% of yellowing of the 100% deterioration suffered by the standard POM copolymer. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1584-1592, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Ramirez, NV] PP T, Pol Salvatella 08210, Barbera Del Val, Spain; [Ramirez, NV; Sanchez-Soto, M; Illescas, S] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Ctr Catala Plast, Barcelona 08222, Spain Ramirez, NV (reprint author), PPT, Av Salvatella 122, Pol Salvatella 08210, Barb era Del Val, Spain
[email protected] "Ministerio de Educacion y Cienc ia" of the Spanish Government[IDI-20100104]; Universitat Politecnica de Cataluny a Contract grant sponsor: "Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia" of the Spani sh Government (Evaluacion de la Degradacion Termica de Polimeros); contract gran t number: IDI-20100104; contract grant sponsor: Eix C program of the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya. 23 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1584 1592 10.1002/pc.21191 9 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700012 J Chen, YK; Xu, CH Chen, Yukun; Xu, Chuanhu i Specific Nonlinear Viscoelasticity Behaviors of Natural Rubber a nd Zinc Dimethacrylate Composites Due to Multi-Crosslinking Bond Interaction by Using Rubber Process Analyzer 2000 POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article IN-SITU POLYMERIZATION; MAGNESIUM METHACRYLATE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MORPHOLOGY; ELASTOMERS; REINFORCE MENT In this paper, the dynamic mechanical properties of the natural rubber ( NR) which was filled with in situ zinc dimethacrylate (ZDMA) were investigated u sing a Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA2000). A weak rigid filler-filler network was formed in the uncured NR/ZDMA compounds. Pronounced Payne effect and stress-sof tening behavior were observed in the vulcanizates, which indicated that a strong and special filler structure was formed after vulcanization. However, an ionic
network might be formed with a high ZDMA loading, which was not favorable to reb uild the poly-ZDMA network. Finally, two tentative regions of networks deformati on during the dynamic strain sweep were discussed: filler-filler and ionic bonds dominating region and rubber network dominating region. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1593 -1600, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Chen, YK] S China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Automot Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Xu, CH] S China Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China Chen, YK (reprint author), S China Univ Technol, Sch Mec h & Automot Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
[email protected] 25 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1593 1600 10.1002/pc.21195 8 Materials Science, Composites; P olymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700 013 J Velasquez-Martinez, A; Diaz-Diaz, A; Hernandez-Escobar, CA; Zaragoza-Con treras, EA Velasquez-Martinez, Anibal; Diaz-Diaz, A lberto; Alejandra Hernandez-Escobar, Claudia; Armando Zaragoza-Contreras, Erasto Agave lechuguilla Torrey Fiber as Reinforcement of Polyester Resin POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article NATURAL-FIBER; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; COUPLING AGENTS; COMPOSITES; LECHEGUILLA; BIOCOMPOSITES; MATRIX; MEXICO This study was aimed to evaluate the application of lechuguilla fiber (Agave lechuguilla Torrey), with no treatment, as reinforc ement of polyester resin. Mechanical assays and pull-out tests were performed on specimens of one fiber and strands of 10 fibers and on lechuguilla fiber/polyes ter composites and polyester matrix alone. The results indicated that there was no important improvement in composite rigidity, as the Young's modulus in both t he fiber and the polyester resin were similar; however, an important improvement in composite resistance, in respect to the matrix alone, attributed to a good i nterfacial adherence fiber-matrix, was observed. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1601-1606, 2 011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Velasquez-Martinez, A; Diaz-Dia z, A; Hernandez-Escobar, CA; Zaragoza-Contreras, EA] Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados, C hihuahua 31109, Chih, Mexico Zaragoza-Contreras, EA (reprint author), Ctr Inv est Mat Avanzados, SC Miguel Cervantes 120, Chihuahua 31109, Chih, Mexico
[email protected] National Council for Science and Technology of M exico (CONACYT) Contract grant sponsor: National Council for Science and Technol ogy of Mexico (CONACYT). 25 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1601 1606 10.1002/pc.21202 6 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700014 J Weng, CJ; Hsu, SC; Chang, CH; Huang, TC; Yeh, WT; Yeh, JM; Chou, YC Weng, Chang-Jian; Hsu, Sheng-Chieh; Chang, Chi-Hao; Huang, Tsao-Cheng; Yeh, WeiTing; Yeh, Jui-Ming; Chou, Yi-Chen A Comparative Study on the Prepa ration and Physical Properties of Environmental Friendly PMMA-Silica Nano/Sub-Mi cron-Scale Hybrid Latexes Controlled by Chelating Agent POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article CLAY NANOCOMPOSI TE MATERIALS; PERFORMANCE; COMPOSITES; REINFORCEMENT; EPOXY; POLYMERIZATION; NAN OPARTICLES; ENHANCEMENT; PARTICLES; RESIN In this article, a comparative s tudy of the preparation and physical properties of as-prepared PMMA-silica nanohybrid (PSN) and sub-micro-hybrid (PSM) latexes is successfully presented. Vinyl -modified silica spheres were prepared using the Stober process with/without a c helating agent to control particle size. The as-prepared vinyl-modified silica s pheres with different particle sizes were subsequently characterized by SEM, (13 )C-solid-state NMR, and (29)Si-solid-state NMR spectroscopy. A certain feeding a mount of silica spheres was reacted with MMA monomers by emulsion polymerization to yield a series of PSN and corresponding PSM. Both as-prepared nano/sub-micro nscale hybrid materials were further characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX mapping, and TEM studies. The comparative study on the physical properties of both as-prepar
ed nano/submicron-scale hybrid materials was done systematically based on a seri es of instrumentation evaluations performed using a dynamic mechanical analyzer, electrochemical corrosion measurements, salt spray test, and gas permeability a nalysis. Results indicated that PSN has more effectively enhanced mechanical pro perties, corrosion protection properties, as well as gas barrier compared to PSM . POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1607-1616, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Weng, CJ; Hsu, SC; Chang, CH; Huang, TC; Yeh, WT; Yeh, JM] Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Chungli 32023, Taiwan; [Weng, CJ; Hsu, SC; Chang, CH; Huang, T C; Yeh, WT; Yeh, JM] Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Ctr Nanotechnol, Chungli 32023, Taiwan; [Chou, YC] Hung Kuang Univ, Dept Appl Cosmetol, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; [Chou, YC] Hung Kuang Univ, Grad Inst Cosmet Sci, Taichung 43302, Taiwan Yeh, JM (reprint author), Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Chungli 32023, T aiwan
[email protected] Ministry of Education, Taiwan, Republic of China [NSC 98-2113-M-033-001-MY3]; Department of Chemistry, CYCU[CYCU-98-CR-CH] Contract grant sponsor: Ministry of Education, Taiwan, Republic of China; contra ct grant number: NSC 98-2113-M-033-001-MY3; contract grant sponsor: Department o f Chemistry, CYCU; contract grant number: CYCU-98-CR-CH. 31 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1607 1616 10.1002/ pc.21201 10 Materials Science, Composites; Polymer S cience Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700015 J Ichinose, N; Ishikawa, M; Morimoto, K Ichinose , Noriyo; Ishikawa, Masaru; Morimoto, Kiyoshi Effect of stress transfe r between fiber and matrix on toughness of polymer composite POLYMER COMPOSIT ES English Article NANOTUBE COMPOSITES; FINITE-ELEMENT; IMPACT; BEHAVIOR Thanks to their lightwei ght properties, formability and low cost, polymers have become an essential mate rial for manufactured products. To improve the mechanical properties, almost all polymers are blended with some kind of fiber made from glass, carbon, organic o r natural material. The importance of interfacial strength between matrix and fi ber is a well known requirement for effective mechanical properties and some exp erimental results indicate that low interfacial strength helps increase the toug hness of composites. In this paper, models of composite reinforced by fiber alig ned with maximum principal stress under uni-tensile loading are simulated. Based on the simulation result, we discuss the effect of interfacial strength, aspect ratio of fiber and friction force between matrix and fiber on stable deformatio n and provide the guidelines for establishing composites with high modulus and t oughness. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1617-1624, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engin eers [Ichinose, N] JSOL Corp, Engn Technol Div, Naka Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 460000 2, Japan; [Ishikawa, M] Yamagata Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Yamagata 9928510 , Japan; [Morimoto, K] Sekisui Seikei Ltd, Chiba 2892131, Japan Ichinose, N (rep rint author), JSOL Corp, Engn Technol Div, Naka Ku, 2-18-25 Marunouchi, Nagoya, Aichi 4600002, Japan
[email protected] 19 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1617 1624 10.1002/pc.21200 8 Materials Science, Composites; P olymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700 016 J Boroglu, MS; Celik, SU; Bozkurt, A; Boz, I Boroglu, Mehtap Safak; Celik, Sevim Unugur; Bozkurt, Ayhan; Boz, Ismail Synthesis and Proton Conductivity Studies of 5-Aminotetrazole-Doped Sulfonated P olymer Electrolyte Membranes POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article METHANOL FUEL-CELLS; PHOSPHORIC-ACID; EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; BLEND MEMBRANES; PERFO RMANCE; IMIDAZOLE; TRANSPORT; PBI; POLYBENZIMIDAZOLES; SOLVENTS This work report s the preparation and characterization of a new anhydrous proton conducting memb rane based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), sulfosuccinic acid (SSA), and 5-aminote trazole (ATet) at various stoichiometric ratios. The proton conductivities of me mbranes were investigated as a function of ATet composition, SSA composition, an
d temperature. New anhydrous proton conducting membranes were characterized by i nfrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorim etry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), methanol permeability, and impeda nce measurements for proton conductivity. TGA showed that the samples were therm ally stable up to 150 degrees C. DSC results illustrated the homogeneity of the materials. Mechanical analysis showed that the storage modulus of the PVA-SSA-AT et blend polymer membranes decreased with increasing ATet content. The membranes with higher tetrazole content, or higher acid doping level presented the higher proton conductivity. PVA-SSA-ATet4 can exhibit an anhydrous proton conductivity of 1.7 x 10(-3) S/cm at 130 degrees C and the proton conductivity increased wit h increasing temperature and acid doping level. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1625-1632, 20 11. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Boroglu, MS; Boz, I] Istanbul U niv, Fac Engn, Dept Chem Engn, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkey; [Celik, SU; Bozkurt, A ] Fatih Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34500 Istanbul, Turkey Boroglu, MS (reprint aut hor), Istanbul Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Chem Engn, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkey
[email protected] 41 0 0 WILEY-BL ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0272-839 7 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1625 1632 10.1002/pc.21178 8 Material s Science, Composites; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700017 J Zhang, J; Wu, JL; Mo, H; Ma, ZM; Zhou, NL; Yuan, J; Shen, J Zhang, Jun; Wu, Jun-Li; Mo, Hong; Ma, Zhen-Mao; Zhou, Ning-lin; Yuan, Jiang; She n, Jian Rheology and Processability of Polyamide66 Filled With Different -Sized and Size-Distributed Calcium Carbonate POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article PA66/PPS BLEND; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; THERMOPLASTIC STARCH; WEAR MECHANISMS; POLYETHYLENE; CO MPOSITES; CRYSTALLIZATION; MORPHOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; FIBER Two-sized calcium carbon ates (CaCO(3)) were blended and filled into polyamide66 (PA66). The shear viscos ity of PA66/CaCO(3) composites was measured with a capillary extrusion rheometer . The results showed that the shear viscosity of the efficient size distribution samples (PA66 was filled with 600/2500 mesh CaCO(3) blending) obviously decreas ed compared with that of the single-size distribution samples (PA66 was filled w ith 600 or 2500 mesh CaCO(3)). The shear viscosity of PA66/CaCO(3) composites at different temperatures was also studied. The results showed that the flow activ ation energy and flow activation entropy of the efficient size distribution samp les obviously increased compared with those of the single-size distribution samp les. The change in flow activation entropy was used to explain the experimental results of shear viscosity. The processability of PA66/CaCO(3) composites was ev aluated with a HAAKE torque rheometer. The results showed that the processabilit y of the efficient size distribution samples was obviously improved and the best efficiency of processability improvement appeared in the 30 wt% CaCO(3) content . POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1633-1639, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Zhang, J; Mo, H; Ma, ZM; Zhou, NL; Yuan, J; Shen, J] Nanjing Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Sci, Jiangsu Engn Res Ctr Biomed Funct Mat, Nanjing 210097, Peop les R China; [Wu, JL] Nanjing Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Gen Surg, Nanjin g 210029, Peoples R China Zhou, NL (reprint author), Nanjing Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Sci, Jiangsu Engn Res Ctr Biomed Funct Mat, Nanjing 210097, Peoples R China
[email protected];
[email protected] National Natural Science Foundation of China[20874047]; Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Program[BK2009408]; Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education I nstitutions of China[08KJB150010, 08KJA430003]; Priority Academic Program Develo pment of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) Contract grant sponsor: National Natural Science Foundation of China; contract grant number: 20874047; c ontract grant sponsor: Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Program; contract grant number: BK2009408; contract grant sponsor: Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China; contract grant numbers: 08KJ B150010, 08KJA430003; contract grant sponsor: the Priority Academic Program Deve lopment of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). 33 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214
8, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1633 1639 10.1002/ pc.21186 7 Materials Science, Composites; Polymer S cience Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700018 J Chaos-Moran, R; Salazar, A; Urena, A Chaos-Mo ran, R.; Salazar, A.; Urena, A. Mechanical Analysis of Carbon Nanofiber/ Epoxy Resin Composites POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article REINFORCED SC-15 EPOXY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYMER COMPOSITES; NANOCOMPOSITES; FUNCTIONALIZATION; NANOFIBER/POLYMER; DISPERSION; NANOTUBES; FIBERS; MODEL The mechanical response of epoxy resins filled without treated carbon nanofibers and carboxylated ones has been evaluated through tensile tests. The elastic pro perties did not improve compared to the neat epoxy resin regardless of filler co ntent or functionalization treatment, while the tensile strength and the elongat ion at break were reduced for the highest filler content (1 wt%). Fractographic analysis showed that composites reinforced with carboxylated nanofibers showed b etter filler dispersion than those without treatment. However, in both cases, th e fibers tended to agglomerate and the formation of porosity was favored. The si ze of bundles of nanofibers rose with the content of nanofiller and for the same addition of carbon nanofibers, the size and distribution was respectively bigge r and wider for the untreated carbon nanofibers-reinforced composites than for t he carboxylated carbon nanofiber-reinforced composites. These defects degraded t he mechanical response. The dilute suspension of clusters model was applied to e stimate the elastic properties, showing agreement with the experimental results. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:1640-1651, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers [Salazar, A] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Escuela Super Ciencias Expt & Tecnol, Dept Te cnol Mecan, Madrid 28933, Spain; [Chaos-Moran, R; Urena, A] Univ Rey Juan Carlos , Escuela Super Ciencias Expt & Tecnol, Dept Ciencia & Ingn Mat, Madrid 28933, S pain Salazar, A (reprint author), Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Escuela Super Ciencia s Expt & Tecnol, Dept Tecnol Mecan, C Tulipan S-N, Madrid 28933, Spain alicia.s
[email protected] Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid[URJC-C M-2008-CET-3551]; Ministerio de Educacion of Spain[MAT2010-20724-C02-01]; Consej eria de Educacion de Madrid[S2009MAT-1585] Contract grant sponsors: Univers idad Rey Juan Carlos and Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid; contract grant number: UR JC-CM-2008-CET-3551; contract grant sponsor: Ministerio de Educacion of Spain; c ontract grant number: MAT2010-20724-C02-01; contract grant sponsor: Consejeria d e Educacion de Madrid through Programa de Actividades de I+D: Materiales Estruct urales Avanzados ESTRUMAT; contract grant number: S2009MAT-1585. 36 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0272-8397 POLYM COMPOSITE Polym. Compos. OCT 2011 32 10 1640 1651 10.1002/pc.21187 12 Materials Science, Composites; P olymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 827UH WOS:000295453700 019 J Ogi, K; Takahashi, M; Yashiro, S Ogi, Kei ji; Takahashi, Manabu; Yashiro, Shigeki Empirical Models for Matrix Crac king in a CFRP Cross-Ply Laminate Under Static- and Cyclic-Fatigue Loadings POLYMER COMPOSITES English Article TRANSVERSE CRACKING; STRESS RATIO; GROWTH; BEHAVIOR; COMPOSITES; PROPAGATION; DI RECTION; DAMAGE This paper presents empirical models for predicting matrix crack density in a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) cross-ply laminate under st atic-fatigue and cyclic-fatigue loadings. First, a modified slow crack growth (S CG) law, that covers the whole range of stress ratio R of tension-tension fatigu e (0 90% reduction) and no significant change in receptor phosphorylation. This all suggests that factors other than circulating and locally produced IGF-I are resp onsible for compensatory renal enlargement (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights res erved. [Landau, D] Soroka Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, IL-84101 Beer Sheva, Israel; [S egev, Y] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, Shraga Segal Dept Microbiol & Immu nol, Beer Sheva, Israel; [Chen, Y; Sood, S; Rabkin, R] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; [Biada, J; Rabkin, R] Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Palo Alto, CA USA; [Yakar, S; LeRoith, D] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dia bet & Bone Dis Dept, Div Endocrinol, New York, NY USA Landau, D (reprint autho r), Soroka Univ, Med Ctr, POB 151, IL-84101 Beer Sheva, Israel
[email protected] l US-Israel Binational Science Foundation[2003055]; Research Service of th e USA Department Veterans Affairs This study was supported by a Grant-in-a id of the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation (no. 2003055) to DL, RR and YS and a Merit Review Grant from the Research Service of the USA Department Vetera ns Affairs to RR. 25 0 0 CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE EDINBURGH JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLA CE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND 1096-6374 GROWTH HORM IGF RES Growth Horm. IGF Res. OCT 2011 21 5 279 284 10.1016/j.ghir.2011.07.008 6 Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Me tabolism 827QZ WOS:000295444300007 J Macedo, RM; Lacerda, SA; Brentegani, LG; Bombonato-Prado, KF; Prata, CA Macedo, Rander Moreira; Lacerda, Suzie Aparecida; Brentegani, Luiz Guilherme; Bo mbonato-Prado, Karina Fittipaldi; Prata, Celina Antonio Osteointegration of Autogenous Bone Graft Associated With Osteoblastic Cells Under Treatment Wit
h Caffeine IMPLANT DENTISTRY English Article bony repair; calvaria graft; bone defects TISSUE-ENGINEERED BONE; MESENCHY MAL STEM-CELLS; PERIODONTAL REGENERATION; IN-VITRO; MARROW; RECONSTRUCTION; DEFE CTS; INVITRO; GROWTH; RATS Purpose: The present study investigated osteoint egration of autogenous bone (AB) from calvaria graft associated with osteoblasti c cells (OC) in bone defects in rats subjected to daily administration of caffei ne. Materials and Methods: Male rats received daily intraperitoneal injection of 1.5% caffeine (0.2 mL/100 g body weight) or saline solution for 30 days. Then t hey were anesthetized, submitted to the extraction of the upper right incisor, a nd implanted with AB only and AB + OC. The animals were killed on 7th, 21st, and 42nd days after surgery, and their maxilla were processed for obtaining semiser ial sections (5 mu m) stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Through image analysis system, the bone volume and the quality of graft in adjacent areas were estimat ed. Results: The results showed that in caffeine treatment, the AB + OC graft sh owed no foreign body and acute inflammatory reactions inside the defect when com pared to AB. The histometric results revealed that the association AB + OC produ ced significant increase (10%-15%) in bone volume in later experimental period ( 42 days) when compared with saline solution group (P 2, space velocities = 250 degrees C are required to achieve >90% destruction of DMS in the HVLC waste gas stream. Ozone-enhanced catalytic oxidation has key environ mental advantages over incineration, including mild operating temperatures and t hus, lower energy costs and lower NO(x) formation. Although the technology appea red to be feasible at the laboratory scale, the field study data revealed that s everal obstacles must be overcome prior to this technology being implemented at large scale. (c) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 268-277,2011* [Sahle-Demessie, E; Devulapelli, VG] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA; [Almquist, CB] Miami Univ, P aper Sci & Chem Engn Dept, Oxford, OH 45056 USA Sahle-Demessie, E (reprint autho r), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 US A
[email protected] Dennis Waldroup; Domtar Paper Co
mpany; Hawesville operation management Authors are grateful for the support of Dennis Waldroup, Domtar Paper Company and the Hawesville operation management, D an Hart from Miami University for technical help, and Mark Kemper and Albert Fos ter from US EPA for their assistance in the field work. 24 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA US A 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 268 277 10.1002/ep.10471 10 Engineering, Environmental; Engi neering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineer ing; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200001 J Lee, SG; Kim, DJ; Choi, JW; Lee, SH Lee, S. G.; Kim, D. J.; Choi, J. W.; Lee, S. H. Substrate Interactions Between T oluene and Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) During Microbial Degradation by Pseudo monas putida ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article substrate interaction; toluene; MTBE; toluene-degrading bacterium; Pseudomonas putida P-XYLENE; AEROBIC BIODEG RADATION; COMPETITIVE-INHIBITION; BENZENE DEGRADATION; GROWTH-KINETICS; MIXED CU LTURE; BTEX; MIXTURES; ETHYLBENZENE; SITES Pseudomonas putida is well known as a toluene-degrading bacterium. Because methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) often coexists with toluene in subsurface environment, in this study we investigated s ubstrate interactions between toluene and MTBE, and their degradation potential in mixtures by Pseudomonas putida. Batch microcosm studies were conducted for a wide concentration range (25-200 mg L(-1)) to monitor bacterial growth associate d with toluene and/or MTBE degradation using Pseudomonas putida previously adapt ed to toluene. We found that the effect of MTBE on toluene degradation was stron gly concentration-dependent; and that concentrations of either toluene or MTBE a s low as 25 mg L(-1) can enhance degradation of other compound, but those concen trations higher than 25 mg L(-1) tend to result in negative or no effect. The ne gative effect was more pronounced for toluene since MTBE degradation was inhibit ed at a concentration of 50 mg L(-1) or higher toluene. This indicates that conc entrations of cocon-taminants become a limiting factor for bioremediation of gro undwater Therefore, for higher degradation efficiency, care should be taken in t he selection of concentration ranges of toluene and MTBE. (C) 2010 American Inst itute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 278-283, 2011 [Lee, SG; Kim, D J] Korea Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 136701, South Korea; [Choi, JW; Lee, SH] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Environm Technol Res, Seoul, South Korea Kim, DJ (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 136701, S outh Korea
[email protected] KOSEF[R01-2008-000-12439-0] This wor k was supported by the grant of KOSEF (Grant R01-2008-000-12439-0). 26 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 278 283 10.1002/ep.10472 6 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200002 J Sahmoune, MN; Louhab, K; Boukhiar, A Sahmoune , Mohamed Nasser; Louhab, Krim; Boukhiar, Aissa Advanced Biosorbents Mat erials for Removal of Chromium from Water and Wastewaters ENVIRONMENTAL PR OGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article biosorption; chromium; biosorbent; mechanism DEAD FUNGAL BIOMASS; AQUEOUS-SOL UTIONS; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; CR VI; STREPTOMYCES-RIMOSUS; CR(VI) BIOSORPTION; AS PERGILLUS-NIGER; WASTE-WATER; METAL-IONS; EQUILIBRIUM As we known, it is very expensive and ineffective to remove chromium ions from wastewaters using convent ional methods when m the chromium concentration is low (1-100 mg L(-1)). Thus, i t is very necessary to develop alternative technologies now. A biosorption techn ology in which dead biomass is used to accumulate chromium is a method that can replace conventional processes for remediating chromium pollution in wastewaters . Biosorbents are prepared from naturally abundant and/or waste biomass. Because of the high uptake capacity and very cost-effective source of the raw material,
biosorption is a progression toward a perspective method. An overview of advanc ed biosorbents for the removal of chromium is reported with special emphasis on the recent investigations on biosorption of chromium in water and wastewater. (C ) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 284-293, 2011 [Sahmoune, MN] Univ Boumerdes, Fac Sci Ingn, Dept Genie Environm, Boumerdes 3500 , Algeria; [Louhab, K] Univ Boumerdes, Lab Technol Alimentaire, Boumerdes 3500, Algeria; [Boukhiar, A] Univ Constantine, INATAA, Constantine, Algeria Sahmoune , MN (reprint author), Univ Boumerdes, Fac Sci Ingn, Dept Genie Environm, Boumer des 3500, Algeria
[email protected] University of Boumerdes The auth ors gratefully acknowledge the University of Boumerdes for financial support to carry out the research work. 54 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 284 293 10.1002/ep.10473 10 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200003 J Mhiri, F; Jemni, A Mhiri, F.; Jemni, A. Correlation Between Fluctuation and Dissipation in the Case of the Adsorption of Acetone and Ethanol by the Activated Carbon ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAIN ABLE ENERGY English Article kinetics; adsorption; microporous solid; fluctuation; Fik's ALUMINUM-INDUSTR Y WASTE; RED MUD; REMOVAL; WATER; DESORPTION; KINETICS The previous studies hav e shown that the gas adsorption process in a microporous solid is due to three p henomena: the direct adsorption (transportation phenomenon), the diffusion, and the fluctuations of the energy and the adsorbed matter quantity. These studies a ssume that the links between the different fluctuations are constant. In this ar ticle, we propose a new model of theses links based on the proba-bilistic-statis tical properties of correlations and on the micropore filling theory. Currently, there is no result leading to the establishment of the general form of the corr elation which is based essentially on the existing general theory of the actual statistical probability, the experiment and the scientific logic. A good agreeme nt between the theoretical results and the measurements is obtained, which confi rms the efficiency of the proposed model. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemica l Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 294-302, 2011 [Mhiri, F] Inst Preparatoire Etu d Ingn Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; [Jemni, A] Ecole Natl Ingn Monastir, Mo nastir 5019, Tunisia Mhiri, F (reprint author), Inst Preparatoire Etud Ingn M onastir, Rue Inb El Jazzar, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
[email protected] 35 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 294 302 10.1002/ep.10475 9 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200004 J Chikh, R; Couvert, A; Amar, HA; Amrane, A Chikh, Rebiha; Couvert, Annabelle; Amar, Hamid Ait; Amrane, Abdeltif Toluene Biodegradation in a Two Phase Partitioning System-Use of a Biodegradable Solvent ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article absorption; hydrophobic VOC; tol uene; hexadecane DEGRADATION; BIOREACTOR; HEXADECANE; BENZENE; LIQUID A biodegradable solvent was used in a two-phase agueous-organic system for hydro phobic VOC (volatile organic compounds) elimination by activated sludge. Unlike usual two-phase aqueous-organic systems where the organic phase is chosen nonbio degradable in view of its recycling, in this study the solvent was assimilated b y micro-organisms simultaneously with the VOC The chosen solvent and VOC were he xadecane and toluene. Experiments showed in a,first step that activated sludge w ere able to assimilate part of hexadecane at different phase ratios (5 and 10% v /v) and a higher biomass growth was obtained for the lower ratio. Toluene was re moved simultaneously with organic solvent elimination; cells were readily able t
o completely consume the toluene available at low and even at high concentration s within 48 h (0.2 and 4.3 g L(-1) in the organic phase), even if they were not previously preadapted to these substrates. Consequently a two-phase partitioning bioreactor conception with a biodegradable solvent can be envisaged. (C) 2010 A merican Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 303-308, 2011 [Chikh, R; Couvert, A; Amrane, A] Ecole Natl Super Chim Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, F-35708 Rennes 7, France; [Chikh, R; Couvert, A; Amrane, A] Univ Europeenne Bretagne, F35000 Rennes, France; [Amar, HA] USTHB, Lab Genie Procedes & Environm, Algiers, Algeria Chikh, R (reprint author), Ecole Natl Super Chim Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Ave Gen Leclerc,CS 50837, F-35708 Rennes 7, France rebiha.chikh@ensc-rennes .fr 24 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 303 308 10.1002/ep.10477 6 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200005 J Chang, NB; Wanielista, MP; Henderson, D Chang, N i-Bin; Wanielista, Martin P.; Henderson, Devan Temperature Effects on F unctionalized Filter Media for Nutrient Removal in Stormwater Treatment ENVIRONM ENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article sorption media; stormwater management; reaction kinetics; sustainability; green infrastructure Attempts to achieve better removal efficiencies of nutri ents in stormwater treatment by using aggregates (e.g., mixes of tire crumbs, sa wdust, sand, clay, zeolite, sulfur or limestone) in filter media, has been a com mon practice in green infrastructures. These material mixes mainly promote the a dsoiption/absorption and precipitation of orthophosphate in the physicochemical process step and the transformation of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate via oxidati on and reduction reactions in the microbiological stage. Some processes, however are known to be active only in a limited temperature range and variations in fi ltration kinetics of the sorption media are still unknown. This article aims to explore the filtration kinetics of selected filter media mixes for nutrient remo val at various temperatures. With the basic understanding gained in material cha racterization., a laboratory column study was conducted to simulate the conditio ns in saturated media. A kinetics study of this kind allowed a comparison of a n atural soil with soil augmentations in terms of nutrient removal within a range of the initial concentrations and temperatures. The temperatures (28, 23, and 10 C) were selected to reflect the normal temperature variations in subtropical re gions. Significant differences of nutrient removal efficiencies associated with these temperatures were statistically confirmed by ANOVA analyses. The temperatu re correction factor model was finally applied to address the impact on treatmen t processes due to the seasonal temperature variations. (C) 2010 American Instit ute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 309-317, 2011 [Chang, NB; Wani elista, MP; Henderson, D] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Eng n, Orlando, FL 32816 USA Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, D ept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA
[email protected]. edu Southwest Florida Water Management District The authors appreciate a nd acknowledge the support of the Southwest Florida Water Management District an d the professional advice and guidance of Chris Zajac from the District. 14 1 1 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 309 317 10.1002/ep.10479 9 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200006 J Cortes, JA; Alarcon-Herrera, MT; Villicana-Mendez, M; Gonzalez-Hernandez , J; Perez-Robles, JF Cortes, J. A.; Alarcon-Herrera, M. T.; Villicana-Mendez, M.; Gonzalez-Hernandez, J.; Perez-Robles, J. F. Impact of the Kind of Ultraviolet Light on the Photocatalytic Degradation Kineti
cs of the TiO(2)/UV Process ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article photocatalysis; types of UV light; UV-A; UV-B; UV-C ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; AZO-DYE; AQUEOUS S USPENSION; VISIBLE-LIGHT; WASTE-WATER; SYSTEM; PHOTODEGRADATION; UV; DECOLORIZAT ION; LIGNIN Advanced oxidation processes have gained importance in the last decade because of their application in the treatment of wastewater containing to xic, recalcitrant, and/or colored compounds. The catalyst TiO(2), activated with ultraviolet (UV) light, has been used for the degradation of different kinds of compounds, but its activation has been performed with different varieties of UV light without a clear reason for choosing any of the three wavelengths that can be generated with commercially available sources. This work evaluates the degra dation speed of acid blue 9 dye through the activation of TiO(2) with the differ ent kinds of UV light (UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C). The results indicate that the wave length of the light used for photoactivation has an impact on the dye degradatio n speed; shorter wavelengths lead to faster degradation. The analysis of the pos sible causes affecting the degradation speed was performed by superposing the em ission bands of the used UV light with the absorption bands of the dye and catal yst. It is concluded that the interaction zone between the type of UV light and the catalyst notoriously impacts the degradation kinetics. (C) 2011 American Ins titute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 318-325, 2011 [Cortes, JA; Vil licana-Mendez, M] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico; [Alarcon-Herrera, MT; Gonzalez-Hernandez, J] SC, Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados CIMAV, Chihuahua, Chih, Mexico; [Perez-Robles, JF] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Queretaro, Qro, Mex ico Cortes, JA (reprint author), Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
[email protected] 32 0 0 WILEY-BL ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-744 2 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 318 325 10.1002/ ep.10480 8 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Env ironmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200007 J Ugurlu, M; Karaoglu, MH Ugurlu, Mehmet; Karaoglu , M. Hamdi Photocatalytic Removal of Olive Mill Waste Water by TiO( 2) Loaded on Sepiolite and Under Natural Solar Irradiation ENVIRONMENTAL PR OGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article sepiolite; lignin; phenol; TiO(2); OMW; photocatalytic degradation; color ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; ACTIVATED CARBON; LIME TREATMENT; FLY-ASH; DEGRADA TION; ADSORPTION; EFFLUENT; ACID; DECOLOURIZATION; LIGNIN The photocatalyt ic removal of color, lignin, and phenol from olive mill waste water (OMW) has be en investigated by using TiO(2)/Sepiolite nanoparticle. TiO(2) particles were im mobilized by using a titanium solution and sepiolite by the wet impregnation met hod. Nanocrystalline TiO(2) anatase phase on sepiolite was obtained using an ade quate thermal treatment of 500 degrees C for 2 h considering thermal instability of the sepiolite. TiO(2)/Sepiolite material was characterized by scanning elect ron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray microanalyses and Brunauer-Emmett-Te ller surface area measurements. Then, the photocatalytic experiments have been d one under solar irradiation and the different variables (TiO(2)/Sep. dose, solut ion pH, oxidant concentration and reaction times) and the degradation rations we re found to be strongly influenced by all investigated parameters. The photocata lytic degradation of color, lignin, and phenol was favorable at pH 9-11.0. Optim um values of catalyst dose and oxidant concentration were found to be 0.8 g L(-1 ) and 16 mL L(-1), respectively. In addition, the pseudo-first order model was a pplied and r(2) values were noted from 0.92 to 0.99. It can be said that this st udy proves the effectiveness of photocatalytic removal for highly concentrated o rganic pollutants in OMW. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Envi ron Prog, 30: 326-336, 2011 [Ugurlu, M; Karaoglu, MH] Mugla Univ, Dept Chem, TR-48000 Mugla, Turkey Ugurlu, M (reprint author), Mugla Univ, Dept Chem, TR-48 000 Mugla, Turkey
[email protected] Scientific Research Council of T urkey (TUBITAK)[107T597]; Mugla University Sitki Kocman Foundation This stu dy was financially supported as a project (107T597) by Scientific Research Counc
il of Turkey (TUBITAK). The authors wish to thank Izmir High, Technology Institu tion and Middle East Technical University (ODTU) for XRD, BET, FI-IR, Zeta Poten tial, and SEM micrographs analysis. In addition, the authors thank the Mugla Uni versity Sitki Kocman Foundation because of the support during publication. 34 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 326 336 10.1002/ep.10483 11 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200008 J Mlaik, N; Gouider, M; Bouzid, J; Belbahri, L; Woodward, S; Mechichi, T Mlaik, Najwa; Gouider, Mbarka; Bouzid, Jalel; Belbahri, Lassaad; Woodward, Steve ; Mechichi, Tahar Treatment of Unhairing Effluents by Activated Sl udge System ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article unhairing effluent; activated sl udge system; sulphide oxidation; phytotoxicity; germination index TANNERY WASTE-WATER; ANAEROBIC TREATMENT; SULFIDE OXIDATION; STOICHIOMETRY; KINETICS; RE MOVAL; PERFORMANCE; GERMINATION The unhairing step in leather manufacture genera tes a highly hazardous and alkaline wastewater This article reports the evaluati on of an activated sludge system for the treatment of unhairing wastewater and e ffluent detoxification, assessed by seed germination tests. The activated sludge system reactor was fed fir 112 days with diluted unhairing effluent; the operat ion strategy included increasing the organic loading rate (OLR from 0.7 to 1.6 g chemical oxygen demand (COD) L(-1) d(-1). COD and suspended solids (SS) removal efficiencies were up to 85 and 80%, respectively, for an OLR lower than 1.4 g C OD L(-1) d(-1). Sulphide removal efficiency was similar to 90%, as sulphide was oxidized to other species such as sulphate. The biological oxidation of thiosulp hates into tetrathionates was also investigated. The effect of untreated and tre ated unhairing wastewater on seed germination of maize, sorghum, and wheat was e xamined. Treatment decreased the phytotoxicity of the wastewater. Indeed, germin ation was inhibited when effluent dilution was lower than 90% of untreated waste water whereas a positive effect of treated wastewater was noticed. Phytotoxicity assays showed that biological treatment of unhairing wastewater contributed to a decrease in toxicity of the effluent. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 337-346, 2011 [Mlaik, N; Gouider, M; Bouzid, J ; Mechichi, T] Ecole Natl Ingn Sfax ENIS, Lab Eau Energie & Environm, Sfax, Tuni sia; [Belbahri, L] Sch Engn Lullier, Lab Appl Genet, Jussey, Switzerland; [Woodw ard, S] Univ Aberdeen, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland Mlaik, N (reprint author), Ecole Natl Ingn Sfax ENIS, La b Eau Energie & Environm, Route Soukra BP W 3038, Sfax, Tunisia mnajwa212@yahoo. fr 32 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 337 346 10.1002/ep.10484 10 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200009 J Koc, C Koc, Cengiz Effects of Boron Pollution in the Lower Buyuk Menderes Basin (Turkey) on Agricultural Areas and Crops ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article Buyuk Menderes river; Turkey; boron; pollution; irrigation; agriculture WASTE-WA TER; SOILS; IRRIGATION; DEFICIENCY The aim of this study is to study the ef fects of Boron (B) pollution in Buyuk Menderes river on planted crops and agricu ltural areas constructed in the irrigation schemes by the State Hydraulic Works (DSI) of the Lower Buyuk Menderes basin, Turkey. The studied irrigation schemes in the basin are Saraykoy, Pamukkale, Nazilli, Aydin, Sultanhisar; Kocarli, and Soke. Mean B concentrations of river water used in the irrigation schemes ranged from 0.10 to 0.43 mgB L(-1) for the period of 2008 to 2009. A total of 100,556 ha of the agricultural area and the basin groundwater resources are under the in
fluence of B pollution from the Buyuk Menderes river. The amount of B accumulati ng in soils and seepage in the groundwater due to the used. irrigation water was 18,495,350 and 9153 kgB yr(-1), respectively. B accumulating in the irrigated a rea ranged from 670 to 4521 gB ha(-1) yr(-1). In total, 19,410,650 kg yr(-1) of B have negatively affected the agricultural areas, groundwater resources, and en vironmental conditions. Nazilli and Sultanhisar irrigation areas are under the t hreat of wastewater discharges originating from the Kizildere geothermal power p lant and Tekke thermal spring. Particularly fruit crops such as citrus, peach, p lum, Jig, olive, and wheat, strawberry, sunflower are to be negatively affected by the present B concentrations in the irrigation water. (C) 2010 American Insti tute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 347-357, 2011 Dept Reg State H ydraul Works XXI, TR-09020 Aydin, Turkey Koc, C (reprint author), Dept Re g State Hydraul Works XXI, TR-09020 Aydin, Turkey
[email protected] 39 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 347 357 10.1002/ep.10485 11 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200010 J Shah, B; Tailor, R; Shah, A Shah, Bhavna; Ta ilor, Ritesh; Shah, Ajay Adaptation of Bagasse Fly Ash, a Sugar I ndustry Solid Waste into Zeolitic Material for the Uptake of Phenol ENVIRONM ENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article Bagasse fly ash; zeolite-P; PXRD; SEM; phenol sorption AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ACTIVA TED CARBONS; ADSORPTION; REMOVAL; BENTONITE; PHASE Bagasse fly ash (BFA), a sugar industry waste was converted into zeolitic material (ZBFA) by alkaline hy drothermal treatment. The virgin BFA and synthesized ZBFA were characterized by various instrumental techniques viz. XRF, FTIR, PXRD. Zeolitazation achieved sho wed that zeolite-P was the dominant constituent of ZBFA. The physico-chemical pr operties of BFA and ZBFA were compared. Morphology of the sorbents was examined by SEM. The kinetic and thermodynamic data of sorbents were evaluated by Coats a nd Redfern method using Thermal Analysis (TGA, DTG, and DTA) data. The point of zero charge value of the sorbents determined by mass titration method showed hig her value for ZBFA (pH 8.62) as compared with BFA (pH 5.80). The specific surfac e area of ZBFA increased to 505 m(2)/g (BFA = 440 m(2)/g). Sorption capacities o f BFA and ZBFA were examined by sorption of phenol at various operational parame ters. The equilibrium data were analyzed by various adsorption isotherms viz. La ngmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and D-R. Langmuir isotherm best fits the experimenta l data for ZBFA (q(m) = 35.43 mg/g) and BFA (q(m) = 16.33 mg/g). The isotherms s tudy indicates that the sorption capacity of synthetic zeolitic (ZBFA) products is significantly increased after alkaline hydrothermal treatment. (C) 2010 Ameri can Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 358-367, 2011 [Shah, B ; Tailor, R] Veer Narmad S Gujarat Univ, Dept Chem, Surat 395007, Guajrat, India ; [Shah, A] Vidyabharti Trust, Sci & Human Dept, Bardoli 1, Gujarat, India Shah, B (reprint author), Veer Narmad S Gujarat Univ, Dept Chem, Surat 395007, G uajrat, India
[email protected] 37 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA US A 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 358 367 10.1002/ep.10492 10 Engineering, Environmental; Engi neering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineer ing; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200011 J Mesci, B; Coruh, S; Ergun, ON Mesci, Basak; Co ruh, Semra; Ergun, Osman Nuri Use of Selected Industrial Waste Materia ls in Concrete Mixture ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article chromite industry waste; red mud; concrete; strength; leachability ORE-PROCESSING RESIDUE; RED MUD; FLY-ASH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LEACHING TESTS; LEAD; IMMOBILIZATION; AGGREGATE ; CHROMIUM; SLAG In this study, chromite industry waste and red mud were
used in the production of concrete. They were ground and incoporated into concre te with the levels of 5%, 10% and 15% by the weight of binder. Ten mixtures were prepared with different proportions of both the chromite industry waste and the red mud. The experimental results indicate that the mixtures that were ground w ith 5% chromite industry waste and 5% red mud, substituted with Portland cement gave compressive strength performance similar to that of the reference mixture. A higher percentage of the chromite industry waste and the red mud (15%) replace ment yielded lower strength values. The leaching tests that were carried out con firmed that the process makes it possible to obtain materials without major risk s for the environment. This study shows that using waste materials in concrete t o cost-effective help solve some of the issues with solid waste problems. (C) 20 10 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 368-376, 2011 [Coruh, S; Ergun, ON] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-55139 Samsun, T urkey; [Mesci, B] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, TR-55139 Samsun, Turk ey Coruh, S (reprint author), Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-55 139 Samsun, Turkey
[email protected] 34 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. S ustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 368 376 10.1002/ep.10493 9 Engineering, Env ironmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Scienc es Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200 012 J Erden, G; Filibeli, A Erden, G.; Filibeli, A. Ozone Oxidation of Biological Sludge: Effects on Disintegration, Anaerobic Biode gradability, and Filterability ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article anaerobic degradability; biological sludge; floc disintegration; filterability; ozone oxidation WASTE-AC TIVATED-SLUDGE; EXCESS SLUDGE; WATER SLUDGE; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; OZONATION; SOLUBILIZ ATION; DIGESTION; PRETREATMENT; MECHANISMS; ULTRASOUND This study deals with pr etreatment of biological sludge by ozone oxidation for the purpose of biological sludge disintegration. Different ozone dose ranged between 0.005 and 0.25 gO(3) /g DS were used for the process optimization. The potential for improving anaero bic digestion through ozone oxidation was also investigated. In addition, the ef fect of ozone oxidation on filterability characteristics of sludge was evaluated using lab-scale experiments. The results showed that ozone effectively disinteg rates the sludge. The highest disintegration degree (51.1%) was achieved when 0. 1gO(3)/g DS was used. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) results suggest that o zone oxidation significantly enhanced the biodegradability of biological sludge. For 0.1 gO(3)/g DS, 25% higher methane production was achieved compared with ra w sludge. The supernatant characteristics of the sludge were also affected by oz one oxidation. For 0.1 gO(3)/g DS, the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), di ssolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) inc reased by 300%, 94.2%, 225%, and 200%, respectively. Finally, using ozone oxidat ion for the purpose of floc disintegration (0.1 gO(3)/g DS) had no negative effe ct on sludge filterability in terms of CST results. But at higher doses than 0.1 gO(3)/g DS, ozone oxidation reduced the filterability of sludge. (C) 2010 Ameri can Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 377-383, 2011 [Erden, G; Filibeli, A] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-35160 Buca Izmir, Turke y Erden, G (reprint author), Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Kaynakl ar Campus, TR-35160 Buca Izmir, Turkey
[email protected] The Scientific a nd Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)[105Y337] The authors expr ess sincere appreciation to The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for supporting the study under award #105Y337: Sludge Disinteg ration using Advanced Oxidation Processes. The authors also thank Izmir Water an d Sewerage Administration for providing sludge samples. 33 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA US A 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 377 383 10.1002/ep.10494 7 Engineering, Environmental; Engi
neering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineer ing; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200013 J Palmer, BR; Gutierrez, C; Gidas, MB; Berrouk, A; Gawargy, MWH Palmer, Bruce R.; Gutierrez, Carmen; Gidas, Marie-Beatrice; Berrouk, Abdallah; G awargy, Mena W. H. Rate Phenomena in the Reaction of Hydrogen Sulfi de with a Zinc Oxide-Based Sorbent ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENE RGY English Article air qual ity; sorption; hydrogen sulfide; zinc oxide; sorption kinetics; mass transport; hydrocarbon fuels; Claus process; gas-to-liquids SULFUR A zinc oxide-bas ed sorbent was prepared by spraying drying a slurry containing 65% zinc oxide, 1 8% peptized alumina, and 17% perlite. The spray dried solids were thy sieved, we t sieved, dried at 150 C for 1 h, and subsequently calcined at 635 C for 1 h to produce the sorbent. The rate of sorption of hydrogen sulfide was measured as a function of time with a Cahn VersaTherm(TM) thermogravimetric analyzer Sorption rate is reported as a function of hydrogen sulfide partial pressure, temperature , and external particle size. Sorption rate can be described by a hydrogen sulfi de mass-transport model for agglomerated particles. This agglomerate kinetics mo del satisfactory explains rate phenomena observed in this system. (C) 2010 Ameri can Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 384-391, 2011 [Gutierr ez, C; Gidas, MB; Berrouk, A; Gawargy, MWH] Petr Inst, Chem Engn Program, Abu Dh abi, U Arab Emirates; [Palmer, BR] Texas A&M Univ Qatar, Chem Engn Program, Educ City, Doha, Qatar Gutierrez, C (reprint author), Petr Inst, Chem Engn Prog ram, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates
[email protected] GASCO; ADGAS Financia l support for this project provided by the GASCO and ADGAS operating companies o f the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) is gratefully acknowledged. Assista nce of Dr. Robert Baldwin of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in selecti on of equipment is also acknowledged. Assistance with the experimental work was provided by Muhammad Muzaffar Umar. 18 0 0 WILEY-BL ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-744 2 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 384 391 10.1002/ ep.10495 8 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Env ironmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200014 J Husain, Q; Karim, Z; Rizvi, ZA Husain, Qayyum; Karim, Zoheb; Rizvi, Zaigham Abbas Oxidative Degradation and Polyme rization of Methyl Parathion Catalyzed by Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L .) Seed Peroxidase ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article fenugreek seed peroxidas e; degradation; redox mediator; methyl parathion ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICI DES; POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS; WASTE-WATER; TRANSFORMATION; PHENOLS In the p resent study, peroxidase from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds was us ed for the oxidative degradation and polymerization of an organophosphorus pesti cide, methyl parathion. Methyl parathion was recalcitrant to the action of fenug reek seed peroxidase. In order to oxidize methyl parathion effectively by peroxi dase, the role of some redox mediators has been investigated. The maximum oxidat ion of methyl parathion was observed in the presence of 0.3 mM phenol, 0.8 mM H( 2)O(2), and 0.5 U mL(-1) of fenugreek seed peroxidase in the buffer of pH 4.0 at 40 degrees C for 2.5 h. The oxidation of methyl parathion by peroxidase was qui te effective in batch process, 71% the compound was removed in 7.5 h. The absorp tion spectra of treated methyl parathion exhibited a marked difference in the ab sorbance at different wavelengths as compared to untreated compound. (C) 2010 Am erican Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 392-398, 2011 [Husain, Q; Karim, Z; Rizvi, ZA] Aligarh Muslim Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Life Sci, Aligar h 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India Husain, Q (reprint author), Aligarh Muslim Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Life Sci, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India qayyum.h
[email protected] Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India The authors are thankful to the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India for providing U.G.C. s ponsored fellowship to Zoheb Karim. 22 0 0 WILEY-BL ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-744
2 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 392 398 10.1002/ ep.10496 7 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Env ironmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200015 J Diogo, JC; Morao, A; Lopes, A Diogo, Joao C.; Morao, Antonio; Lopes, Ana Persistent Aromatic Pollutants Removal U sing a Combined Process of Electrochemical Treatment and Reverse Osmosis/Nanofil tration ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article boron doped diamond electrodes; reverse osmosis; nanolfiltration; phenol; Acid O range 7 (AO7) WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; DIAMOND ELECTRODES; OXIDATION; DEGRADATIO N; INDUSTRY; NANOFILTRATION; MEMBRANE; ANODES; PHENOL; REUSE The application of a combined electrochemical/membrane filtration process for treatment of waste waters containing persistent pollutants was investigated. Phenol and an azo dye (Acid Orange 7, AO7) were used as model pollutants. A boron doped diamond electr ode, the state-of-the-art in electrode material, was used as anode in the electr ochemical treatment following previous excellent results obtained with this kind of electrodes in the removal of soluble organic compounds from aqueous solution s. Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes were used in the concentration s tep of a two-stage combined process. The experimental conditions were selected i n order to test the applicability of a model developed here, which predicts the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the electrochemical treatment. The model was applied to estimate the COD evolution in the electrochemical reactor along a certain number of cycles of combined electrochemical/membrane filtration treat ment using experimental data of observed rejections of the pollutants. In terms of the overall efficiency of the treatment, the results show that very high COD removal values can be obtained in both the cases of phenol and AO7, above 95%, w hen comparing the COD of the membrane permeates which constitute the treated eff luent, with the feeding solutions. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engin eers Environ Prog, 30: 399-408,2011 [Morao, A] Univ Beira Interior, Ctr Inve st Ciencias Saude, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal; [Diogo, JC; Lopes, A] Univ Beira Interior, Dept Chem, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal; [Morao, A; Lopes, A] Univ Bei ra Interior, Unidade Mat Text & Papeleiros, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal Morao, A (reprint author), Univ Beira Interior, Ctr Invest Ciencias Saude, P-6201001 Cov ilha, Portugal
[email protected] Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT)[SFR H/BPD27170/2006, PDCT/AMB/59392/2004] Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia ( FCT) for the grant awarded to Antonio Moro (SFRH/BPD27170/2006) and PDCT/AMB/593 92/2004. 32 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 399 408 10.1002/ep.10497 10 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200016 J Bektas, N; Goksin, I Bektas, N.; Goksin, I. Hazardous Waste Inventory in Gebze Organized Industrial Zone, Kocaeli, Turkey ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article Gebze organized industrial zone; Turkey; hazardous waste generation and manageme nt-hazardous waste inventory MANAGEMENT Hazardous waste management (HWM) is one of the most important environmental problems. The lack of sufficient inf ormation on hazardous waste (HW) results in failure of the control and monitorin g mechanisms. The HW is needed to be identified for an appropriate recovery and disposal strategy. Based on previous studies, the most important problem for eff ective HWM in Turkey is the lack of a reliable countrywide HW inventory. This in sufficient information results in fewer recovery and recycling possibilities and also disposal facilities resulting in illegal and random release of HWs to the environment. A reliable and updated inventory study for waste type, source, and quantity information is required to determine and overcome this problem. The inv entory information, such as generation of HW place, type, and collection will be the guide for the prevention, recovery, reuse, and also treatment of these wast
es. The aim of this article is to describe a HW inventory study conducted in an organized industrial zone for a year. The inventory lists for HW were prepared o n the basis of generation, types, and quantities of HW. (C) 2010 American Instit ute of Chemical Engineers Environ [Bektas, N; Goksin, I] Gebze Inst Techno l, Dept Environm Engn, TR-41400 Gebze, Turkey Bektas, N (reprint author), Gebz e Inst Technol, Dept Environm Engn, TR-41400 Gebze, Turkey
[email protected] r 13 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 409 415 10.1002/ep.10498 7 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200017 J Li, ZH; Matoska, SJ; Rohrer, H Li, Zhaohui; Mat oska, Stephen J.; Rohrer, Heather Effects of Solution pH on Adsorp tion of Chlorophenols by Cross-linked Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP XL) Polymers ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article adsorption; chlorophenols; deprotonation; polyvinyl pyrrolidone; protonation AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CHLORINATED PHENOLS; ACTIVATED CARBON; PILLARED CLAYS; REMOVA L; SORPTION; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; WATER; POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE; MONTMORILLONITE Widely used as insecticides, fungicides, and disinfectants and regarded as havin g relatively high toxicities, chlorophenols are a group of organic contaminants whose solubility and sorptive properties on different substrates vary greatly wi th solution pH In this study, the feasibility and applicability of using crossli nked polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP XL) polymers to adsorb and remove chlorophenols from water under different pH conditions were investigated. The adsorption of ch lorophenols on PVP XL was instantaneous and followed a linear sorption isotherm under the tested concentrations from 0.05 to 10 mg L(-1), suggesting a partition ing mechanism. The chlorophenol adsorption increased as the degree of chlorinati on, thus the octanol-water partitioning coefficient, increased. A decrease in co ntaminant distribution coefficients with an increase in solution pH suggested th at the deprotonated species had a weaker affinity for PVP XL surfaces than their protonated counterparts. The free energy of adsorption of 2,3,4,6-tetrachloroph enol (TeCP) on PVP XL was negative, suggesting a spontaneous adsorption. The neg ative enthalpy values of TeCP adsorption on PVP XL indicated an exothermic proce ss. The results from this study show that PVP XL could be a viable alternative f or the adsorption of chlorinated phenols in aqueous media as a remediation tool. The instantaneous adsorption will make PVP XL a possible choice for ultra filtr ation to remove chlorophenols from water (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 416-423, 2011 [Li, ZH; Matoska, SJ; Rohrer, H] Univ Wisconsin Parkside, Dept Geosci, Kenosha, WI 53141 USA; [Rohrer, H] URS Co rp, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA Li, ZH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Parkside , Dept Geosci, Kenosha, WI 53141 USA
[email protected] University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin-Parkside This research was partially spon sored by the Applied Research Program, University of Wisconsin System. Funding f rom Creative Research Activity, Professional Opportunity Fund, and Collaborative Undergraduate Research Project of University of Wisconsin-Parkside is greatly a ppreciated. We thank the five anonymous reviewers and the editor for their const ructive comments that made the publication of the article possible. 37 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 416 423 10.1002/ep.10499 8 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200018 J Alvarez-Guerra, E; Molina, A; Viguri, JR; Alvarez-Guerra, M Alvarez-Guerra, Enrique; Molina, Abel; Viguri, Javier R.; Alvarez-Guerra, Manuel A SOM-Based Methodology for Classifying Air Quality Monitoring Stations ENVIRONM ENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article
artificial neural networks; atmospheric pollution; integral assessment SELF-ORG ANIZING MAP; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; POLLUTION; PREDICTION; MODELS; CLASSIFI CATION The application of mathematical tools can be necessary to provide an int egrated analysis and interpretation of the abundant information that can be coll ected in air quality monitoring networks. This article develops a methodology ba sed on the use of Self-Organizing Map (SOM) artificial neural networks for integ rating data about multiple measured pollutants to group monitoring stations acco rding to their similar air quality. The proposed method considers the subsequent geographical mapping of the clusters of stations observed with the SOM, which c an make it possible to detect geographically different areas but that share simi lar air pollution problems. This methodology is illustrated with its application to a case study in which 517 stations of the Spanish air quality monitoring net work were classified considering simultaneously their levels of regulated pollut ants in 2005, highlighting some implications of data normalization in the proces s. In particular the use of legal limit values to normalize the concentrations o f pollutants proved to be especially advisable. Results obtained with the SOM-ba sed methodology when compared to classifications based directly on legislation, provided more useful classifications for further air quality management actions, and revealed that these types of tools can facilitate the design of air polluti on reduction programs by discovering different areas with similar problems. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 424-438, 2011 [Alvarez-Guerra, E; Viguri, JR; Alvarez-Guerra, M] Univ Cantabria, Dept Chem Eng n & Inorgan Chem, ETSIIT, E-39005 Santander, Spain; [Molina, A] Univ Waterloo, S ch Comp Sci, Fac Math, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada Viguri, JR (reprint auth or), Univ Cantabria, Dept Chem Engn & Inorgan Chem, ETSIIT, Avda Castros S-N, E39005 Santander, Spain
[email protected] IBM The "IBM Special Award" received by the work "Integral assessment of air quality in Spain using artifici al neural networks," which served as a basis for this article, in the "VII Archi medes University Competition" organized by the Spanish Ministry of Science and I nnovation in 2008, is especially acknowledged. 39 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 424 438 10.1002/ep.10474 15 Engineering, Environmental; Engi neering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineer ing; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200019 J Noori, R; Karbassi, AR; Mehdizadeh, H; Vesali-Naseh, M; Sabahi, MS Noori, R.; Karbassi, A. R.; Mehdizadeh, H.; Vesali-Naseh, M.; Sabahi, M. S. A Framework Development for Predicting the Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient i n Natural Streams Using an Artificial Neural Network ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article longitudinal dispersion coefficient; artificial neural network; training functio ns; natural streams SOLID-WASTE GENERATION; CONJUGATE-GRADIENT ALGORITHM; PR INCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE; HYBRID; MODELS; SYSTEM; ANFI S; RIVER; ANN The main objective of the present investigation is to predict lo ngitudinal dispersion coefficient (K.,) in natural streams using artificial neur al network (ANA) technique based on most famous training functions such as Train lm, Trainrp, Trainscg, Trainoss, and so on. To achieve the goal, hydraulic and g eometric data (shear velocity, channel width, local flow depth, and mean longitu dinal velocity) that are easily obtained in natural streams are used. First, we have tried to review the most well-known of published work in the field due to f ind out deficiencies of them. Second, new approach of ANN model based on the fam ous Waning functions is applied for predicting in natural streams and then the b est architectures for each training functions is selected by trial and error. Fi nally, Levenberg-Marquardt training function (Trainlm) is selected as the best c hoice for training the network parameters. Determination coefficient (R(2)) and mean absolute error for ANN (Trainrp) model were equal to 0.94 and 33 in the tra ining and 0.95 and 30 in the testing steps, respectively. It is hoped that the p resented methodology in the research, can be useful in river water quality manag ement studies. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Frog, 3
0: 439-449; 2011 [Noori, R; Vesali-Naseh, M] Water Res Inst, Dept Water R esources Res, Minist Energy, Tehran, Iran; [Noori, R; Karbassi, AR; Vesali-Naseh , M; Sabahi, MS] Univ Tehran, Dept Environm Engn, Grad Fac Environm, Tehran, Ira n; [Mehdizadeh, H] Res Inst Petr Ind, Tehran, Iran Noori, R (reprint author ), Water Res Inst, Dept Water Resources Res, Minist Energy, Tehran, Iran
[email protected] 46 1 1 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 439 449 10.1002/ep.10478 11 Engineering, Environmental; Engi neering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineer ing; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:000295116200020 J Kurt, H Kurt, Huseyin The Usage of Air Gap in the Composite Wall for Energy Saving and Air Pollution ENVIRONMENTAL PR OGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article composite wall; air gap; optimum insulation thickness; insulation cost; total co st; fuel consumption; emission OPTIMUM INSULATION-THICKNESS; EXTERNAL WALLS; BU ILDING WALLS; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; TURKEY; OPTIMIZATION; REGIONS In this study, the effects of air gap on the optimum insulation thickness, insulation; a nd total costs, energy saving, payback period, fuel consumption, and emissions o f CO(2) and SO(2) in the composite wall construction have been investigated for a prototype building in a sample city, Karabuk. For this reason two wall constru ctions, one with and the other without air gap, have been considered and the air gap thickness has been taken from 0 to 6 cm. Based on LCC analysis, optimum ins ulation thickness is determined for different air gap thicknesses. The results s how that when 2, 4, and 6 cm of the air gap thicknesses were used, the optimum i nsulation thickness, insulation cost, and payback period were decreased by 10.02 , 20.03, and 30.07% while the total cost, fuel consumption, and CO2 and SO, emis sions were decreased by 27.5, 44.98, and 54.46%, respectively. The insulation ma terial installed at its optimum insulation thickness with air gaps in the compos ite wall will not only reduce the heat loss from the building walls but also has economical and environmental advantages. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemica l Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 450-458, 2011 Karabuk Univ, Dept Mech Engn, TR -78200 Karabuk, Turkey Kurt, H (reprint author), Karabuk Univ, Dept Mech Engn, TR-78200 Karabuk, Turkey
[email protected] 21 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 450 458 10.1002/ep.10486 9 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200021 J Gironi, F; Piemonte, V Gironi, Fausto; Piemonte , Vincenzo Life Cycle Assessment of Polylactic Acid and Polyethylen e Terephthalate Bottles for Drinking Water ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAIN ABLE ENERGY English Article PLA; composting; LCA; environmental impact; recycling BIODEGRADATION The biod egradable plastics were introduced in the 1980s to detect possible renewable fee dstock to produce nonpetroleum-based plastics as well as to reduce the environme ntal problems due to the increase of landfill volume. Furthermore, the biodegrad able plastics have been used to reduce the environmental impact (in terms of ene rgy requirement from nonrenewable resources and CO(2) gas emissions) derived fro m production, utilization, and disposal of petroleum-based plastics, like polyet hylene terephthalate (PET). To this end, in the last years, different typologies of bioplastics were introduced (both biodegradable plastics and plastics made f rom renewable resources) like Mater-Bi (made from starch), poly-3-hydroxybuyrate , polycaprolactone, and polylactic acid (PLA). Nowadays, the most important tool to evaluate the environmental impact of a bioplastic and/or of a petroleum-base d plastic (conventional plastic) is the life cycle assessment (LCA) that determi nes the overall impact of a plastic on the environment by defining and analyzing
several impact indices directly related to production, utilization, and disposa l of the considered plastics. In this work the LA (cradle to grave) of PLA bottl es for drinking water was developed and compared to the LA of PET bottles for th e same use. The obtained results highlighted that the true advantage of the PLA bottles with respect to the PET bottles arises from the use of renewable resourc es, but this benefit is paid in environmental terms due to the higher impact on human health and ecosystem quality (due to the use of pesticides, consumption of land, and consumption of water for the production of raw materials). (C) 2010 A merican Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 459-468, 2011 [Gironi, F; Piemonte, V] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Chem Engn Mat & Environm, Rome, Ita ly Piemonte, V (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Chem Engn Mat & Environm, Rome, Italy
[email protected] 20 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 459 468 10.1002/ep.10490 10 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200022 J Calvino-Casilda, V; Martin-Aranda, RM; Lopez-Peinado, AJ Calvino-Casilda, V.; Martin-Aranda, R. M.; Lopez-Peinado, A. J. Green an d Fast Procedure to Obtain N-alkylbenzimidazole Derivatives Under Microwave Acti vation ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article N-alkylbenzimidazole derivatives; basic carbons; microwave activation; green che mistry BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES; ALKALINE CARBONS; DRUG DISCOVERY; DOPED CARBO NS; BASIC CARBONS; IMIDAZOLE; ALKYLATION; ULTRASOUND; CATALYSIS; PROPARGYLATION In this research, we report for the fist time the one-pot microwave-assisted syn thesis of N-butylbenzimidazole derivatives via alkylation of benzimidazole with 1-bromobutane over alkali-metal doped carbons in absence of any solvent. N-alkyl benzimidazole derivatives are produced in high yields and in very short reaction times when NaCs-Norit is used as catalyst (ca. 75% in 5 min). Thus the combinat ion of microwaves and basic carbons in dry media leads to the simplest, most eco -efficient and fastest procedure reported so far fir the preparation of benzimid azole derivatives with pharmacological properties. Under these mild reaction con ditions, N-butylbenzimidazoles are obtained with total selectivity to be used in many important industrial applications. (C) 2010 American institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 469-475, 2011 [Calvino-Casilda, V] Inst Catali sis & Petroleoquim CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; [Martin-Aranda, RM; Lopez-Peinad o, AJ] Univ Nacl Educ Distancia UNED, Dept Quim Inorgan & Quim Tecn, E-28040 Mad rid, Spain Calvino-Casilda, V (reprint author), Inst Catalisis & Petroleoqu im CSIC, Campus UAM, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
[email protected] CSIC; Sp anish Minister of Science and Innovation[CTM2007-60577/TECNO, MAT-2006-04486] V. Calvino-Casilda thanks CSIC for a postdoctoral grant (JAE-Doc). Norit pristin e carbon has been kindly supplied by Norit Company. This work has been supported by Spanish Minister of Science and Innovation (project CTM2007-60577/TECNO and MAT-2006-04486). Authors thank Prof. JLG. Fierro for the fruitful discussion of XPS data. 34 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 469 475 10.1002/ep.10491 7 Engineer ing, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmenta l Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology 823IR WOS:0002 95116200023 J Oldmeadow, E; Marinova, D Oldmeadow, Edwar d; Marinova, Dora Into Geothermal Solutions: The Sustainability Ca se for Challenge Stadium in Perth, Western Australia ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article alternative energy; sustainability; CO(2); distributed infrastructure; Perth; Au stralia; geothermal ENERGY; PEOPLE Geothermal energy sources have long been known, but new applications based on innovative technologies with greater effic
iency of low temperature resources are starting to emerge. The article outlines the application of a low temperature geothermal resource for Challenge Stadium i n Perth, Western Australia, an award winning engineering solution by Parsons Bri nckerhoff (PB) as a case for sustainability. Key benefits from Challenge Geother mal include: (1) reduced consumption of fossil-based fuel; (2) cost savings; (3) water supply and water infrastructure development for a local school; (4) enhan ced sustainability profile for the sports and recreation facility. For cities si tuated in geothermally-rich environments, the greatest potential benefit from th is type of project is the promotion of sustainability principles. Projects such as Challenge Geothermal can be seen as sustainable as they are ecologically frie ndly and support locally appropriate technological solutions whilst benefiting t he community and economy of the city. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical En gineers Environ Prog, 30: 476-485, 2011. [Marinova, D] Curtin Univ Techno l, Sustainabil Policy CUSP Inst, Perth, WA, Australia; [Marinova, D] So Cross Un iv, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia; [Oldmeadow, E] PB Australia Pacific, Perth, WA , Australia Marinova, D (reprint author), Curtin Univ Technol, Sustainabil P olicy CUSP Inst, Perth, WA, Australia
[email protected] Australi an Research Council The authors are grateful for the feedback received from the participants of the Renewable City Conference held in Perth, Western Austral ia in September 2008 and the 5th Dubrovnik Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems held in October 2009 where some of the original concepts were first presented. They both acknowledge the financial sup port from the Australian Research Council as well as the very helpful comments f rom two anonymous referees from this journal which helped improve the quality of the article. The first author was a key member of the Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) Australia Pacific team which implemented the Challenge Geothermal project. Both authors belong to the PB-CUSP Alliance and conduct research in the area of sust ainability policy, including the role of geothermal applications as enablers of sustainable development. 22 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 476 485 10.1002/ep.10476 10 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200024 J Beszedes, S; Laszlo, Z; Szabo, G; Hodur, C Beszedes, Sandor; Laszlo, Zsuzsanna; Szabo, Gabor; Hodur, Cecilia Effects of Microwave Pretreatments on the Anaerobic Digestion of Food Industrial Sewage Sludge ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY English Article sewage sludge; microwave; anaero bic digestion; biogas; biodegradability WASTE ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; EXTRACELLULAR PO LYMERIC SUBSTANCES; SECONDARY SLUDGE; FECAL-COLIFORMS; WATER SLUDGE; IRRADIATION ; DISINTEGRATION; SOLUBILIZATION; BIODEGRADABILITY; EXTRACTION Microwave irradi ation is a novel and very promising technology for sludge conditioning. As pretr eatment, it has a verified beneficial effect on the microbial degradation and an aerobic digestion of sewage sludge, but in present work we dealt with the applic ability of microwave pretreatments for food industrial sludge. However; studies cannot be found that specialize on the effects of the MW treatments with differe nt intensities on the anaerobic digestion of sludge. In our work we focused on t he examination of the effect of MW pretreatment for 0.5, 2.5, and 5 W/g on the c arbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD(5)), solubilization of organic matte rs (sCOD/tCOD), and the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of dairy sewage sludge. I t can be concluded that the MW pretreatments were appropriate to enhance the eff iciency of anaerobic digestion. With MW pretreatments the specific biogas produc t could be increased from 220 mL g(-1) to more than 600 mL g(-1) because of the increased solubility (from 9.7% to more than 40%), and the enhanced accessibilit y of organic compounds fir decomposing bacteria. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 486-492, 2011 [Beszedes, S; Laszlo, Z; Szabo, G; Hodur, C] Univ Szeged, Dept Mech & Proc Engn, Fac Engn, H-6725 Szeged , Hungary Hodur, C (reprint author), Univ Szeged, Dept Mech & Proc Engn, F
ac Engn, Moszkvai Krt 5-7, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
[email protected] Hungarian Office for Research and Technology (NKTH) under University of Szeged R egional University Knowledge Center for Environmental and Nanotechnology[RET-07/ 2005] This work has been carried out with the financial support from the Hunga rian Office for Research and Technology (NKTH) under contract the University of Szeged Regional University Knowledge Center for Environmental and Nanotechnology (RET-07/2005 Project). 31 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 486 492 10.1002/ep.10487 7 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200025 J Gangotri, KM; Bhimwal, MK Gangotri, K. M.; Bhimwal, Mukesh Kumar The Photochemical Conversion of Solar Energy int o Electrical Energy: Eosin-Fructose System ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAIN ABLE ENERGY English Article photogalvanic cell; eosin; fructose; fill factor; conversion efficiency PHOTOGAL VANIC CELLS; METHYLENE-BLUE; MIXED DYES; B SYSTEM; STORAGE; MICELLES; AZUR; PHOT OSENSITIZER; REDUCTANTS A photosensitizer-Eosin and a reductant-Fructose have be en used in the photogalvanic cell for photo-chemical conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. The generated photopotential and photocurrent are 848.0 mV and 240.0 mu A, respectively. The maximum power of the cell is 203.52 mu W wh ereas the observed power at power point is 87.52 mu W. The conversion efficiency is 0.84% and the fill factor is 0.3404 at the power point of the photogalvanic cell. The photogalvanic cell so developed can work for 55.0 min in dark if it is irradiated for 85.0 min.. i.e. the storage capacity of photogalvanic cell is 64 .70%. The effects of different parameters on the electrical output of the photog alvanic cell have been observed. A mechanism has also been proposed for the phot o-generation of electrical energy. (C) 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engin eers Environ Prog, 30: 493-499, 2011 [Gangotri, KM; Bhimwal, MK] Jai Narain V yas Univ, Dept Chem, Solar Energy Lab, Jodhpur 342033, Rajasthan, India Gangotri , KM (reprint author), Jai Narain Vyas Univ, Dept Chem, Solar Energy Lab, Jodhpu r 342033, Rajasthan, India
[email protected];
[email protected] University Grants Commission, New Delhi The authors are thankful to University G rants Commission, New Delhi for financial assistance and one of the authors Muke sh Kumar Bhimwal is specially thankful for the award of Rajiv Gandhi National Fe llowship by UGC, New Delhi for financial support and specially to Assistant Prof essor Dr. K.R. Genwa and Mr. Pooran Koli for their critical and valuable suggest ions during my research work. 30 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 493 499 10.1002/ep.10488 7 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200026 J Amigun, B; von Blottnitz, H Amigun, B.; von Blottnitz, H. Operating Cost Analysis of an Annexed Ethanol Distillery in a Rural, Landlocked African Country ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENE RGY English Article bioethan ol; annexed distillery; operating cost; landlocked INDUSTRY Given th e high cost of crude oil, uncertainties regarding future reserves as well as the phenomenon of global warming, alternative fuels such as bioethanol need to be d eveloped and deployed. This work presents an economic analysis (operating cost a nalysis) of one annexed African distillery operating in a landlocked and rural l ocation. Specifically, the study attempts to analyze the impacts that some of th e critical factors influencing bioethanol production will have on its viability and also present an analysis of the breakdown of the operating costs of the dist illery, in an equation format to enable easier and more rapid use of the data in numerical and economic models, and in the preliminary design and optimization o
f bioethanol plants. The cost of ethanol production was estimated at $19.57/HL w ith cost of feedstock (molasses "type C") constituting about one third of the pr oduction cost. The study also identified other major, intermediate, and minor in put factors, which can provide insights to both the possible barriers to impleme ntation that should be overcome, and on the technological improvement options th at should be stimulated by research and development in ethanol industry. Finally , from the operating cost analysis of the annexed distillery, it emerged that th e factorial approach to estimation is principally a sound one, with no indicatio n of untypical cost items. Some of the typical cost items do however display rat ios to the base cost that are outside of previously reported limits. (C) 2010 Am erican Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 30: 500-515, 2011 [Amigun, B] CSIR, Stellenbosch, South Africa; [von Blottnitz, H] Univ Cape Town, Dept Ch em Engn, Environm & Proc Syst Engn Res Grp, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa Amigun, B (reprint author), CSIR, Stellenbosch, South Africa
[email protected]. za 40 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1944-7442 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy OCT 2011 30 3 500 515 10.1002/ep.10489 16 Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ec ology 823IR WOS:000295116200027 J Suphadon, N; Busfield, JJC Suphadon, N.; Bu sfield, J. J. C. The dynamic properties of fumed silica filled SB R as function of pre-strain POLYMER TESTING English Article Rubber; Dynamic properties; Viscoelastic properties CARBON-BLACK; VISCOELAST IC BEHAVIOR; NATURAL-RUBBER Previous work has examined how the loss modulus measured using a small strain oscillation varies as a function of the prestrain for a range of unfilled or filled rubbers. It has been shown that the loss modul us, when calculated in terms of the prestrained dimensions, is independent of pr estrain and is also isotropic over the engineering strain range for many filled and unfilled rubbers. This earlier work has been extended by examining the dampi ng behavior of a silica filled rubber to see if the method can help understand t he reinforcement of silica filled rubber in more detail. Silica fillers are idea l fillers to investigate as the interaction at the filler interface can be easil y controlled by using an appropriate amount of a suitable silane coupling agent. The investigation shows that the loss modulus calculated in terms of the prestr ained dimensions is again largely independent on prestrain up to extension ratio s greater than 1.6 for all filler and coupling agent volume fractions considered . The technique identifies the amount of silane coupling agent required to satur ate all the available sites for coupling on the filler surface. The results also confirm that the coupling agent improves the filler dispersion during mixing. ( C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Busfield, JJC] Queen Mary Univ London, Dept Mat, London E1 4NS, England; [Suphadon, N] Natl Met & Mat Technol C tr, Klongluang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand Busfield, JJC (reprint author), Queen Mary Univ London, Dept Mat, London E1 4NS, England
[email protected] .th Royal Thai Government The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Alan Thomas for his thought provoking discussions and one of the authors, N. Sup hadon, would like to thank the Royal Thai Government for his scholarship. 23 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9418 POLYM TE ST Polym. Test OCT 2011 30 7 779 783 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2011.07.001 5 Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science Materials Scienc e; Polymer Science 825AV WOS:000295244200014 J Nunes, LCS; Dias, FWR; Mattos, HSD Nunes, L . C. S.; Dias, F. W. R.; da Costa Mattos, H. S. Mechanical behavior of p olytetrafluoroethylene in tensile loading under different strain rates POLYMER TESTING English Article Polytetr afluoroethylene; Strain rates; Constitutive model SOLID POLYMERS; DEFORMAT ION; PTFE; TEMPERATURE; DAMAGE; MODEL; STRESS The present work is concerned wi
th the study of the mechanical behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in ten sile tests performed under different strain rates using standard specimens. The strains are measured through a non-contact video extensometer. This procedure is particularly accurate since large deformations are involved. A mathematical mod el is proposed to predict the mechanical behavior observed in the experiments. T he main goal is to predict the stress-strain curve under different strain rates using model equations that combine enough mathematical simplicity to allow their use in engineering problems with the capability of describing complex non-linea r mechanical behaviour. The material constants that appear in the model equation s can be easily identified from only three tests performed at different constant strain rates. Results from experimental tensile testing were compared with the model predictions showing a good agreement. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights re served. [Nunes, LCS; Dias, FWR; Mattos, HSD] Univ Fed Fluminense, PGMEC, Lab The oret & Appl Mech, LMTA,Grad Program Mech Engn, BR-24210240 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil Nunes, LCS (reprint author), Univ Fed Fluminense, PGMEC, Lab Theoret & Appl Mech , LMTA,Grad Program Mech Engn, Rua Passo da Patria 156, BR-24210240 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
[email protected] Rio de Janeiro State Funding; FAPERJ; Research a nd Teaching National Council, CNPq The financial support of Rio de Janeiro State Funding, FAPERJ, and Research and Teaching National Council, CNPq, are gra tefully and acknowledged. 29 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0142-9418 POLYM TEST Polym. Test OCT 2011 30 7 791 796 10.1016/j.polymertesting .2011.07.004 6 Materials Science, Characterization & Te sting; Polymer Science Materials Science; Polymer Science 825AV WOS:0002 95244200016 J O'Leary, LER; Fallas, JA; Bakota, EL; Kang, MK; Hartgerink, JD O'Leary, Lesley E. R.; Fallas, Jorge A.; Bakota, Erica L.; Kang, Marci K.; Hartg erink, Jeffrey D. Multi-hierarchical self-assembly of a collagen m imetic peptide from triple helix to nanofibre and hydrogel NATURE CHEMISTRY English Article HIGHER-ORDER STR UCTURES; EXPANDED GENETIC-CODE; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HIGH-STABILITY; CYSTINE-KNOT; IN-VIVO; PROTEINS; FIBRILS Replicating the multi-hierarchical self-assembly of collagen has long-attracted scientists, from both the perspective of the fundamental science of supramolecul ar chemistry and that of potential biomedical applications in tissue engineering . Many approaches to drive the self-assembly of synthetic systems through the sa me steps as those of natural collagen (peptide chain to triple helix to nanofibr es and, finally, to a hydrogel) are partially successful, but none simultaneousl y demonstrate all the levels of structural assembly. Here we describe a peptide that replicates the self-assembly of collagen through each of these steps. The p eptide features collagen's characteristic proline-hydroxyproline-glycine repeati ng unit, complemented by designed salt-bridged hydrogen bonds between lysine and aspartate to stabilize the triple helix in a sticky-ended assembly. This assemb ly is propagated into nanofibres with characteristic triple helical packing and lengths with a lower bound of several hundred nanometres. These nanofibres form a hydrogel that is degraded by collagenase at a similar rate to that of natural collagen. [O'Leary, LER] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA; Rice Univ, Dept Bioengn, Houston, TX 77005 USA O'Leary, LER (reprint author), R ice Univ, Dept Chem, POB 1892, Houston, TX 77005 USA
[email protected] National Science Foundation[DMR-0645474]; Robert A. Welch Foundation[C1557]; Norman Hack erman Advanced Research Program of Texas This work was funded in part by National Science Foundation CAREER Award (DMR-0645474), the Robert A. Welch Foun dation (Grant No. C1557) and the Norman Hackerman Advanced Research Program of T exas. 54 0 0 NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP LONDON MACMILLA N BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND 1755-4330 NAT CHEM Nat. Chem. OCT 2011 3 10 821 828 10.1038/NCHEM.1123 8 Chemistry, Multi disciplinary Chemistry 823WG WOS:000295157200017 J Ding, LY; Wu, XG; Li, H; Luo, HB; Zhou, Y
Ding, L. Y.; Wu, X. G.; Li, H.; Luo, H. B.; Zhou, Y. Study on safety control for Wuhan metro construction in complex environments INTERNATIONAL JO URNAL OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT English Article Metro station; Complex engineering environments; Construction scheme; Numerical simulation; Impact analysis; Safety control DEEP EXCAVATION; PILE RESPONSE; ADJACENT Open cut method is adopted in the foundation pit construction of Wuhan Metro Line 2 (WML2) XunLiMen Station which is under the bridge of the (ex istent) operating light rail. The foundation pit is only 1.25 m away from the ne arest pier of Wuhan Light Rail Line 1 (WLRL1).Safety control of this project foc uses on how foundation pit construction affects the safety of light rail bridge and its operation. In this paper, finite difference software FLAC3D for geotechn ical engineering is applied to simulating the process of the foundation pit exca vation and to analyze the impact of the isolation pile construction, the undergr ound diaphragm wall construction and the foundation pit dewatering and excavatio n on the bridge piers of WLRL1, while the finite clement software ANSYS is used to simulate the numerical model of WLRL1. Moreover, the study of the impact of t he construction scheme of WML 2 on the operation of WLRL1 is also presented in t he paper. Finally, on the basis of the simulation results, (the) control standar ds for the operation safety of WLRL1 and (the) advices for the safety control of the foundation pit construction, which proved to be successful, are proposed. ( C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. and IPMA. All rights reserved. [Ding, LY; Wu, XG; Luo, HB; Zhou, Y] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Mech, Wuhan 430074, P eoples R China; [Li, H] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Construct & Land Use, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Wu, XG (reprint author), Huazhong Univ S ci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Mech, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China dingly_w
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] ina.com;
[email protected] 12 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0263-7863 INT J PROJ MANAG Int. J. Proj. Manag. OCT 2011 29 7 SI 797 807 10.1016/j.ijproman.2011.04.006 11 Manageme nt Business & Economics 823GJ WOS:000295110200002 J Iacovino, M; Bosnakovski, D; Fey, H; Rux, D; Bajwa, G; Mahen, E; Mitanos ka, A; Xu, ZH; Kyba, M Iacovino, Michelina; Bosnakovski , Darko; Fey, Holger; Rux, Danielle; Bajwa, Gagan; Mahen, Elisabeth; Mitanoska, Ana; Xu, Zhaohui; Kyba, Michael Inducible Cassette Exchange: A Rapid and Efficient System Enabling Conditional Gene Expression in Embryonic Stem and Pri mary Cells STEM CELLS English Article ESCs; Cassette exchange recombination; Conditional gene expression TISSUE-S PECIFIC EXPRESSION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MOUSE EMBRYOS; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; M YF-5; INTEGRATION; MYOGENESIS; PROMOTER; LOCUS; MYOD Genetic modification is critically enabling for studies addressing specification and maintenance of cell fate; however, methods for engineering modifications are inefficient. We demons trate a rapid and efficient recombination system in which an inducible, floxed c re allele replaces itself with an incoming transgene. We target this inducible c assette exchange (ICE) allele to the (HPRT) locus and demonstrate recombination in murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primary cells from derivative ICE mice . Using lentivectors, we demonstrate recombination at a randomly integrated ICE locus in human ESCs. To illustrate the utility of this system, we insert the myo genic regulator, Myf5, into the ICE locus in each platform. This enables efficie nt directed differentiation of mouse and human ESCs into skeletal muscle and con ditional myogenic transdetermination of primary cells cultured in vitro. This ve rsatile tool is thus well suited to gain-of-function studies probing gene functi on in the specification and reprogramming of cell fate. STEM CELLS 2011;29:15801588 [Iacovino, M; Fey, H; Rux, D; Mahen, E; Mitanoska, A; Kyba, M] Univ Minn esota, Lillehei Heart Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; [Iacovino, M; Fey, H; Rux , D; Mahen, E; Mitanoska, A; Kyba, M] Univ Minnesota, Dept Pediat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; [Bosnakovski, D] Univ Goce Delcev Stip, Fac Med Sci, Stip 2000, Ma cedonia; [Bajwa, G; Xu, ZH; Kyba, M] Univ Texas UT SW Med Ctr, Dept Dev Biol, Da llas, TX USA Kyba, M (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Lillehei Heart Inst, 3
12 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[email protected] NIH[R01 HL081186 , P01 GM081627, U01 HL100407]; AFM[2011-205/15380]; FSH Society[FSHS-82010-01] This work was supported by the NIH (grants R01 HL081186, P01 GM081627, and U01 H L100407), D. B. was partially supported by AFM (2011-205/15380) and FSH Society Research Fellowship grant FSHS-82010-01. We thank the Bob and Jean Smith Foundat ion for their generous support; Cynthia DeKay for graphics. 30 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1066-5099 STEM CELLS Stem Cells OCT 2011 29 10 1580 1588 10.1002/ stem.715 9 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Hematology Cell Biology; Bi otechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Hematology 825EU WOS:0002 95254600012 J Huh, YH; Sherley, JL Huh, Yang Hoon; Sherley, James L. Molecular Cloaking of H2A.Z on Mortal DNA Chromosomes Du ring Nonrandom Segregation STEM CELLS English Article H2A.Z; Tissue stem cell; Chromosome segregation; Immortal DNA; Cosegregation; Xa nthine IMMORTAL STRAND HYPOTHESIS; FOLLICLE STEM-CELLS; SELECTIVE SEGREGATION; KINETICS; CANCER; HETEROCHROMATIN; DEHYDROGENASE; COSEGREGATION; EXPANSION; RETA IN Although nonrandom sister chromatid segregation is a singular property o f distributed stem cells (DSCs) that are responsible for renewing and repairing mature vertebrate tissues, both its cellular function and its molecular mechanis m remain unknown. This situation persists in part because of the lack of facile methods for detecting and quantifying nonrandom segregating cells and for identi fying chromosomes with immortal DNA strands, the cellular molecules that signify nonrandom segregation. During nonrandom segregation, at each mitosis, asymmetri cally self-renewing DSCs continuously cosegregate to themselves the set of chrom osomes that contain immortal DNA strands, which are the oldest DNA strands. Here , we report the discovery of a molecular asymmetry between segregating sets of i mmortal chromosomes and opposed mortal chromosomes (i.e., containing the younger set of DNA template strands) that constitutes a new convenient biomarker for de tection of cells undergoing nonrandom segregation and direct delineation of chro mosomes that bear immortal DNA strands. In both cells engineered with DSC-specif ic properties and ex vivo-expanded mouse hair follicle stem cells, the histone H 2A variant H2A.Z shows specific immunodetection on immortal DNA chromosomes. Cel l fixation analyses indicate that H2A.Z is present on mortal chromosomes as well but is cloaked from immunodetection, and the cloaking entity is acid labile. Th e H2A.Z chromosomal asymmetry produced by molecular cloaking provides a first di rect assay for nonrandom segregation and for chromosomes with immortal DNA stran ds. It also seems likely to manifest an important aspect of the underlying mecha nism(s) responsible for nonrandom sister chromatid segregation in DSCs. STEM CEL LS 2011;29:1620-1627 Boston Biomed Res Inst, Program Regenerat Biol, Adult St em Cell Technol Ctr, Watertown, MA USA; Boston Biomed Res Inst, Program Canc Bio l, Adult Stem Cell Technol Ctr, Watertown, MA USA Sherley, JL (reprint aut hor), 64 Grove St, Watertown, MA 02472 USA
[email protected] NIH-NIGM S[5DP1OD000805] We thank Dr. A. Bozas for her inspection of asymmetric self-rene wal-related micro-array data that also drew attention to H2A.Z; Drs. David Winkl er and Frank Burden for preliminary bioinformatics analyses that also increased H2A.Z's priority for molecular analysis; and K. Panchalingam, Drs. J.-F. Pare, A . Bozas, and C.-T. Wu for critical review of earlier versions of the manuscript. This work was supported by NIH-NIGMS Director's Pioneer Award #5DP1OD000805. 37 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1066-5099 STEM CELLS Stem Cells OCT 2011 29 10 1620 1627 10.1002/stem.707 8 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biote chnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Hematology Cell Bio logy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Hematology 825EU WOS:000295254600016 J Hamad, H Hamad, Husam Validati on of metamodels in simulation: a new metric ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS
English Article Simulation; Modeling; Me tamodel validation; Sample size LATIN-HYPERCUBE DESIGNS; ENGINEERING DESIGN; REG RESSION; SUPPORT Metamodels are used to provide more efficient prediction s than the underlying simulation models do, but at the price of reduced predicti on accuracy. Statistics used to quantify this prediction accuracy include the ro ot-mean square error (RMSE), the coefficient of determination R-square, and the average absolute error (AAE). Such statistics depend on the average prediction a ccuracy over the validation sample; i.e., these metrics are sensitive to the siz e of the validation sample. This article, therefore, introduces a new metric, ca lled the Model acceptability score (MAS). Preliminary results indicate that MAS is less sensitive to the validation sample size. The article focuses on determin istic simulation, which is used in various engineering disciplines, e.g., electr onic engineering. Yarmouk Univ, Hijjawi Coll Engn Technol, Dept Elect Engn , Irbid, Jordan Hamad, H (reprint author), Yarmouk Univ, Hijjawi Coll Engn Techn ol, Dept Elect Engn, Irbid, Jordan
[email protected] 19 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0177-0667 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY Eng. Comput. OCT 2011 27 4 309 317 10.1007/s00366-010-0200-z 9 Computer Science, Interd isciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical Computer Science; Engine ering 824AE WOS:000295170100001 J Edmunds, R; Feldman, JA; Hicks, BJ; Mullineux, G Edmunds, R.; Feldman, J. A.; Hicks, B. J.; Mullineux, G. Constrai nt-based modelling and optimization to support the design of complex multi-domai n engineering problems ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS English Article Constraint-based design; Numerical optimization; Machines and mechanisms; Force and flow systems; Human modelling; Structural geology; Disassembly SYSTEMS; METHODOLOGY; COMPONENTS; MACHINERY; FRICTION We present a constraint-based me thodology which is successfully applied to a variety of engineering problems fro m a wide range of disciplines. Initially conceived from investigations of the en gineering design process, the methodology has helped design engineers to identif y and understand the initial limitations placed upon a system. Written as a set of algebraic expressions, the design objectives and design constraints can be fo rmulated and minima found using numerical optimization techniques. These solutio ns provide initial configurations for the system, corresponding to how "true" al l of the constraints are. A bespoke constraint-based modelling environment has b een created which embodies the methodology. This is able to resolve large system s, comprising over 100 degrees-of-freedom, using an assortment of optimization r outines-direct, gradient and evolutionary algorithms. These algorithms are appro priate for a number of problem types and their inclusion increase the scope of a pplicability of the methodology which is demonstrated using case studies from a number of engineering domains. Machines and mechanisms; human modelling; force a nd flow; structural geology and discrete disassembly processes are all studied u sing constraint-based formulations. The contribution of the paper lies in thus p roving that complex (heterogeneous) systems-of-systems can be solved if the conn ectivity between the systems is expressed using constraint-rules. [Edmunds , R; Feldman, JA; Hicks, BJ; Mullineux, G] Univ Bath, Dept Mech Engn, Innovat De sign & Mfg Res Ctr, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England Edmunds, R (reprint author), Uni v Bath, Dept Mech Engn, Innovat Design & Mfg Res Ctr, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, Englan d
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] EPSRC Innovative Design and Manufacturing Research Centre at the University of B ath[GR/R67507/0] The authors would like to thank Dr. David Branson and Dr . Baljinder Singh from the University of Bath and Dr. Kazuhiro Izui from Kyoto U niversity for their contributions to this paper. Dr. Branson and Dr. Izui for th eir insight and discussions on the topics of fluid power systems and disassembly processes respectively, and Dr. Singh for his invaluable input to the human mod elling section of this paper; in particular the figures contained therein. The w ork reported in this paper has been undertaken as part of the EPSRC Innovative D esign and Manufacturing Research Centre at the University of Bath (grant referen ce GR/R67507/0) and the authors gratefully acknowledge this support and express
their thanks for the advice and support of all concerned. 58 1 1 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 1001 3 USA 0177-0667 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY Eng. Comput. OCT 2011 27 4 319 336 10.1007/ s00366-010-0201-y 18 Computer Science, Interdisciplin ary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical Computer Science; Engineering 824AE WOS:000295170100002 J Mao, AH; Luo, J; Li, Y; Wang, RM; Li, GQ; Guo, YP Mao, Aihua; Luo, Jie; Li, Yi; Wang, Ruomei; Li, Guiqing; Guo, Yueping Engineering design of thermal quality clothing on a simulation-based and lifesty le-oriented CAD system ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS English Article Thermal quality clothing; Simulation capability; Lifestyle-oriented design; CAD system MOISTURE TRANSFER; POROUS TEXTILES; FUNCTIONAL DESIGN; COUPLED HEAT; DIF FUSION; SORPTION; MODEL; FABRICS; WOOL Engineering design of thermal quality cl othing is a promising solution by applying multi-disciplinary knowledge to achie ve the design and production of clothing with desirable thermal functions. In th is paper, a special simulation-based and lifestyle-oriented CAD system is introd uced to help the user in engineering design of thermal quality clothing. The eng ineering-oriented simulation models endowed with explicit data availability aros e from the material parameters that are the key issue for engineering applicatio n. To offer an easy-to-use tool, this system is implemented with a lifestyle-ori ented design procedure. It can facilitate the designers to quickly implement des ign and simulate on the wearing scenario, and evaluate and optimize their design . Due to the design of thermal quality clothing can be achieved without making p hysical prototypes, it is able to speed up the design cycle and reduce the desig n and development cost. [Mao, AH; Li, GQ] S China Univ Technol, Sch Comp Sci & E ngn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Luo, J; Li, Y; Guo, YP] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Inst Text & Clothing, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China ; [Wang, RM] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Informat Sci & Technol, Guangzhou 510006, Gua ngdong, Peoples R China Mao, AH (reprint author), S China Univ Technol, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China
[email protected] n National Natural Science Foundations of China[61003173, 60973084]; Funda mental Research Funds for the Central Universities[2009ZM0128]; Foundation for D istinguished Young Talents in Higher Education of Guangdong, China[LYM10018] The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Gr ant No. 61003173, 60973084), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Univ ersities (Grant No. 2009ZM0128) and the Foundation for Distinguished Young Talen ts in Higher Education of Guangdong, China (Grant No. LYM10018). 35 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0177-0667 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY Eng. Comput. OCT 2011 27 4 405 421 10.1007/s00366-011-0224-z 17 Computer Science, Interd isciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical Computer Science; Engine ering 824AE WOS:000295170100009 J Dolghi, O; Strabala, KW; Wortman, TD; Goede, MR; Farritor, SM; Oleynikov , D Dolghi, Oleg; Strabala, Kyle W.; Wortman, Tyler D.; Goede, Matthew R.; Farritor, Shane M.; Oleynikov, Dmitry Miniatur e in vivo robot for laparoendoscopic single-site surgery SURGICAL ENDOSCO PY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES English Article Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery; LESS; Robotic surgery; Minimally invasive surgery; Miniature robot ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY; CHOLECYSTECTOMY; UROLOGY Background The aim of this study was to develop a multidexterous robot c apable of generating the required forces and speeds to perform surgical tasks in tra-abdominally. Current laparoscopic surgical robots are expensive, bulky, and fundamentally constrained by a small entry incision. A new approach to minimally invasive surgery places the robot completely within the patient. Miniature in v ivo robots may allow surgeons to overcome current laparoscopic constraints such as dexterity, orientation, and visualization. Methods A collaborative research g roup from the Department of Surgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center and the College of Engineering at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln designed a
nd built a surgical robot prototype capable of performing specific surgical task s within the peritoneal cavity. Results The basic robotic design consists of two arms each connected to a central body. Each arm has three degrees of freedom an d rotational shoulder and elbow joints. This combination allows a surgeon to gra sp, manipulate, cauterize, and perform intracorporeal suturing. The robot's work space is a hollow hemisphere with an inner radius of 75 mm and an outer radius o f 205 mm. Its versatility was demonstrated in four procedures performed in a por cine model: cholecystectomy, partial colectomy, abdominal exploration, and intra corporeal suturing. Conclusions Miniature in vivo robots have the potential to a ddress the limitations of using articulated instrumentation to perform advanced laparoscopic surgical procedures. Once inserted into the peritoneal cavity, the robot provides a stable platform for visualization with sufficient dexterity and speed to perform surgical tasks from multiple orientations and workspaces. [Dolghi, O; Goede, MR; Oleynikov, D] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Nebraska Med Ctr 985126, Omaha, NE 68198 USA; [Strabala, KW; Wortman, TD; Farritor, SM] U niv Nebraska, Coll Engn, Walter Scott Engn Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA Oleyniko v, D (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Nebraska Med Ctr 985126 , Omaha, NE 68198 USA
[email protected] Life Cell; Covidien; Gore; Storz Dr. Dmitry Oleynikov has an educational grant from and is a consultant for Life Cell. He has an educational grant from Covidien, an educational grant from Gore, educational grant from Storz, and is a stockholder in Virtual Incision. Dr. Sha ne Farritor is a stockholder in Virtual Incision. Dr. Oleg Dolghi, Kyle Strabala , Tyler Wortman and Dr. Matthew Goede have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose. 24 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0930-2794 SURG ENDOSC Surg. Endosc. OCT 2011 25 10 3453 3458 10.1007/s00464-011-1687-0 6 Surgery Surgery 821HB WOS:000294964600053 J Kapoor, G; Piramuthu, S Kapoor, Gaurav; Piramuth u, Selwyn Vulnerabilities in Chen and Deng's RFID mutual authentic ation and privacy protection protocol ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL I NTELLIGENCE English Article RFID; Cryptography; Protocol; Mutual authentication; Vulnerability As incorporation of RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) tags in a wide variety of applications increase, there is a need to ensure the security and privacy of the entity to which these tags are attached. Not surprisingly, this is a very a ctive area as attested by the large number of related published research literat ure. Recently, the journal engineering applications of artificial intelligence p ublished a paper by Chen and Deng (2009) where the authors propose a mutual auth entication protocol for RFID. This protocol has fundamental flaws that can be re adily taken advantage by a resourceful adversary. We identify and discuss these vulnerabilities and point out the characteristics of this protocol that exposes it to these vulnerabilities. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Kapoor, G; Piramuthu, S] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA; [Piramuthu, S ] RFID European Lab, Paris, France Piramuthu, S (reprint author), Univ Flor ida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
[email protected];
[email protected] 4 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, L ANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0952-1976 ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. OCT 2011 24 7 1300 1302 10.1016/j.engappai.2011. 06.011 3 Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering 823UE WOS:000295151200021 J Deuse, T; Seifert, M; Fire, A; Volk, H; Hua, X; Reichenspurner, H; Robbi ns, R; Schrepfer, S Deuse, T.; Seifert, M.; Fire, A. ; Volk, H.; Hua, X.; Reichenspurner, H.; Robbins, R.; Schrepfer, S. GENETICALLY ENGINEERED HUMAN EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS ESCAPE IMMUNE RESPONSE TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL English Meeting Abstract [Deuse, T; Seifert, M; Fire, A; Volk, H; Hua, X; Reichenspurner, H; Robbins, R;
Schrepfer, S] UHZ, Transplant Lab, Hamburg, Germany 0 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0934-0874 TRANSPL INT Transpl. Int. OCT 2011 24 3 SI 17 17 1 Surgery; Transplantation Surgery; Transplantation 822YA WOS:000295085300046 J Ensminger, S; Rorick, O Ensminger, S.; Roerick, O. IN VITRO-VASCULARISATION OF ENGINEERED HEART TISSUE FROM NEONATA L MICE TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL English Meeting Abstract [Ensminger, S; Rorick, O] Univ Klinikum, Erlangen, Germany 0 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0934-0874 TRANSPL INT Transpl. Int. OCT 2011 24 3 SI 17 17 1 Surgery; Transplantation Surgery; Transplantation 822YA WOS:000295085300048 J Koestner, W; Sauer, M Koestner, W.; Sauer, M. PD-L1 BLOCKADE EFFECTIVELY RESTORES STRONG GRAFT-VERSUS-LEUKEMIA EFFECTS WITHOUT GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST-DISEASE AFTER DELAYED ADOPTIVE TRANSFER OF T CELL RECEPTOR GE NE-ENGINEERED ALLOGENEIC CD8(+) T CELLS TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL English Meeting Abstract [Koestner, W; Sauer, M] Hannover Med Sch, D-30623 Hannover, Germany 0 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0934-0874 TRANSPL INT Transpl. Int. OCT 2011 24 3 SI 6 6 1 Surgery; Transplantation Surgery; Transplantation 822YA WOS:000295085300012 J Naujoks, B; Trautmann, H; Wessing, S; Weihs, C Naujoks, B.; Trautmann, H.; Wessing, S.; Weihs, C. Advanced concept s for multi-objective evolutionary optimization in aircraft industry PROCEEDI NGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGIN EERING English Article evolutio nary multi-objective optimization; aerodynamic applications; metamodel assistanc e; stopping criteria; convergence detection; sequential parameter optimization; parameter tuning ALGORITHMS Evolutionary (multi-objective optimizati on) algorithms (EMOAs) are widely accepted to be competitive optimization method s in industry today. However, normally only standard techniques are employed by the engineering experts. Here, it is shown how these standard techniques can be completed and improved with respect to interactivity to other tools, runtime, an d parameterization. The coupling with metamodels serves as an example for the in teractivity to other tools, while the online convergence detection relates to ru ntime, i.e. stopping criteria. Finally, sequential parameter optimization improv es results focussing on parameter tuning. We show that invoking all these method s on their own already enhances EMOAs for aerodynamic applications. It is conclu ded with an outlook on how these methods might come together to foster aerospace applications and, at a time, widen the application area to multi-disciplinary o ptimization tasks. [Wessing, S] TU Dortmund Univ, Fac Comp Sci, D-44221 Dor tmund, Germany; [Naujoks, B] Cologne Univ Appl Sci, Fac Comp Sci & Engn Sci, Gum mersbach, Germany; [Trautmann, H; Weihs, C] TU Dortmund Univ, Stat Fac, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany Wessing, S (reprint author), TU Dortmund Univ, Fac Comp Sci, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
[email protected] Collaborative Re search Center of the German Research Foundation[SFB 823 (B4)] This study was p artly supported by the Collaborative Research Center SFB 823 (B4) of the German Research Foundation. 43 0 0 SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD LONDON 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND 0954-4100 P I MECH ENG G-J AER Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng. OCT 2011 225 G10 SI 1081 1096 10.1177/ 0954410011414120 16 Engineering, Aerospace; Engineer ing, Mechanical Engineering 822ZN WOS:000295089900003 J Pons-Prats, J; Bugeda, G; Zarate, F; Onate, E Pons-Prats, J.; Bugeda, G.; Zarate, F.; Onate, E. Robust design op
timization in aeronautics using stochastic analysis and evolutionary algorithms PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF AEROSPA CE ENGINEERING English Article uncertainties; optimization; robust optimization; airfoil; aero-elastics FINITE POINT METHOD; NEURAL-NETWORKS; UNCERTAINTIES Uncertainties are a dail y issue to deal with in aerospace engineering and applications. Robust optimizat ion methods commonly use a random generation of the inputs and take advantage of multi-point criteria to look for robust solutions accounting with uncertainty d efinition. From the computational point of view, the application to coupled prob lems, like computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or fluid-structure interaction (FS I), can be extremely expensive. This study presents a coupling between stochasti c analysis techniques and evolutionary optimization algorithms for the definitio n of a stochastic robust optimization procedure. At first, a stochastic procedur e is proposed to be applied into optimization problems. The proposed method has been applied to both CFD and FSI problems for the reduction of drag and flutter, respectively. [Pons-Prats, J] Int Ctr Numer Methods Engn, Castelldefels 08860, Spain; [Bugeda, G] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain; [Bugeda, G; Zarate , F; Onate, E] Int Ctr Numer Methods Engn Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Pons-Pra ts, J (reprint author), Int Ctr Numer Methods Engn CIMNE, C Esteve Terrades 5, C astelldefels 08860, Spain
[email protected] EC Commission[030959]; S panish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion[DPI2008-05250] This study has b een supported by the EC Commission under FP6 project NODESIM-CFD (contract numbe r 030959) and by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion through project DPI2008-05250. 20 0 0 SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD LONDON 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND 0954-4100 P I MECH ENG G-J AER Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng. OCT 2011 225 G10 SI 1131 1151 10.1177/ 0954410011412131 21 Engineering, Aerospace; Engineer ing, Mechanical Engineering 822ZN WOS:000295089900006 J Voutchkov, I; Keane, AJ; Benison, M; Haynes, P; Stocks, T Voutchkov, I.; Keane, A. J.; Benison, M.; Haynes, P.; Stocks, T. Fast design optimization of jet engine structural mass and specific fuel consump tion PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING English Article multi-objective optimization; response surface models; kriging; jet engine; inte rmediate-pressure compressor; high-pressure compressor; specific fuel consumptio n With the increasing demands placed on modern jet engine performa nce and reliability, there comes the necessity for efficient optimization tools that engineers can readily utilize on their desks. This article discusses the ap plication of a multi-objective optimization tool to the design process for a key structural element in the highly respected Rolls-Royce Trent jet engine series. The ability of this structure to maintain tightly controlled blade to casing ti p clearances plays a significant role in maintaining the fuel efficiency of the engine. The design tool described here has been implemented on a conventional de sktop computer and allows efficient trade-off analysis of structural mass versus specific fuel consumption for four-load cases. [Voutchkov, I] Univ Southampton, Sch Engn Sci, CEDG, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England; [Benison, M; Haynes, P; Stocks, T] Rolls Royce PLC, Derby DE2 8BJ, England Voutchkov, I (reprint au thor), Univ Southampton, Sch Engn Sci, CEDG, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, Englan d
[email protected] 8 0 0 SAGE PUB LICATIONS LTD LONDON 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND 0954-4100 P I MECH ENG G-J AER Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng. OCT 2011 225 G10 SI 1165 1173 10.1177/0954410011409524 9 Engineer ing, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical Engineering 822ZN WOS:000295089900 008 J Mcmillan, JR Mcmillan, J. R. Comparis on of polymer and collagen based skin tissue engineering scaffolds EXPERIME NTAL DERMATOLOGY English Meeting Abstract 38th Annual Meet ing of the Society-for-Cutaneous-Ultrastructure-Research MAY 30-31, 2011
Brisbane, AUSTRALIA Soc Cutaneous Ultrastruct Res [Mcmillan, JR] Univ Queensland, Ctr Childrens Burns & Trauma Res CCBTR, Queensla nd Childrens Med Res Inst QCMRI, Brisbane, Qld, Australia 0 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0906-6705 EXP DERMATOL Exp. Dermatol. OCT 2011 20 10 E874 E874 1 Dermatology Dermatology 821ZI WOS:000295012600010 J Chang, HY; Prince, OA; Sheppard, ES; Krause, DC Chang, How-Yi; Prince, Oliver A.; Sheppard, Edward S.; Krause, Duncan C. Processing Is Required for a Fully Functional Protein P30 in Mycoplasma pneumoni ae Gliding and Cytadherence JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY English Article GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; TERMINAL ORGANELLE; VIRULENCE; MOTILITY; IDENTIFICATION; HEMADSORPTION; SEQUENCE; CELLS; ATTACHMENT; EPITHELIUM The cell wall-less proka ryote Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes bronchitis and atypical pneumonia in humans. Mycoplasma attachment to the host respiratory epithelium is required for coloniz ation and mediated largely by a differentiated terminal organelle. P30 is an int egral membrane protein located at the distal end of the terminal organelle. The P30 null mutant II-3 is unable to attach to host cells and nonmotile and has a b ranched cellular morphology compared to the wild type, indicating an important r ole for P30 in M. pneumoniae biology. P30 is predicted to have an N-terminal sig nal sequence, but the presence of such a motif has not been confirmed experiment ally. In the current study we analyzed P30 derivatives having epitope tags engin eered at various locations to demonstrate that posttranslational processing occu rred in P30. Several potential cleavage sites predicted in silico were examined, and a processing-defective mutant was created to explore P30 maturation further . Our results suggested that signal peptide cleavage occurs between residues 52 and 53 to yield mature P30. The processing-defective mutant exhibited reduced gl iding velocity and cytadherence, indicating that processing is required for full y functional maturation of P30. We speculate that P30 processing may trigger a c onformational change in the extracellular domain or expose a binding site on the cytoplasmic domain to allow interaction with a binding partner as a part of fun ctional maturation. [Chang, HY; Prince, OA; Sheppard, ES; Krause, DC] Univ G eorgia, Dept Microbiol, Riverbend S Res Labs 019, Athens, GA 30602 USA Krause, DC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Riverbend S Res Labs 019, 220 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[email protected] Public Health Service fr om the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases[AI23362, AI49194] This work was supported by Public Health Service grants AI23362 and AI49194 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases to D.C.K. 36 0 0 AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY WASHINGTON 1752 N ST NW, WA SHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA 0021-9193 J BACTERIOL J. Bacte riol. OCT 2011 193 20 5841 5846 10.1128/JB.00104-11 6 Microbiology Microbiology 825FJ WOS:000295256100027 J Vavken, P; Saad, FA; Fleming, BC; Murray, MM Vavken, Patrick; Saad, Fawzy A.; Fleming, Braden C.; Murray, Martha M. VEGF receptor mRNA expression by ACL fibroblasts is associated with functional h ealing of the ACL KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY English Article ACL repair; VEGF; Tissue engineering; Biomechanics ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-F ACTOR; SAMPLE-SIZE CALCULATIONS; BLOOD-VESSEL FORMATION; PLATELET-RICH PLASMA; S KELETAL MATURITY; SYSTEMIC HYPOXIA; IMMATURE ANIMALS; SUTURE REPAIR; KNEE Recent advances in the treatment of ACL ruptures employ platelet-rich plasma com bined with collagen to modulate growth factor release from platelets to stimulat e healing. Among the most notable of these growth factors is VEGF, which is a po tent mitogen and stimulator of vascular growth and healing. However, the effect of such a growth factor on healing depends on the cellular ability to bind with its receptor. The purpose of this study was to test (1) whether the strength of a tissue-engineered ACL repair is associated with VEGF receptors' mRNA expressio n of ACL cells and (2) whether age influences this association. Nineteen female Yucatan pigs underwent enhanced ACL repair. Biomechanical testing was performed
after 15 weeks of healing. Messenger RNA of VEGF receptors 1 and 2 in ACL fibrob lasts was assessed by RT-PCR. The ACL structural properties were regressed on re ceptor expression levels in a multivariate model including serum levels of VEGF, age, and weight as potential confounders. While maximum load and linear stiffne ss were independent of VEGF receptor expression, VEGF receptor 1 was associated with displacement (positively) and yield load (negatively). In a multivariate mo del of VEGF receptor expression and biomechanics, age was associated with maximu m load and yield load. These findings suggest that high VEGF receptor expression , even more so at higher age, results in a more compliant scar, which in turn ma y lead to greater knee laxity and a compromised clinical result. [Vavken, P; Saad, FA; Murray, MM] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Childrens H osp Boston, Boston, MA 02115 USA; [Fleming, BC] Brown Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Warr en Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA Vavken, P (reprint author), Harv ard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Childrens Hosp Boston, 300 Longwood Ave,E nders 1016, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[email protected] NIH NIAMS[R01 AR052772]; NIH[AR054099] This study was funded by the NIH NIAMS G rant R01 AR052772 and NIH Grant AR054099. 40 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0942-205 6 KNEE SURG SPORT TR A Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. OCT 2011 19 10 1675 1682 10.1007/s00167-011-1443-y 8 Orthopedics; Sport Scien ces; Surgery Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery 822IN WOS:000295037900 010 J Pidlisecky, A; Singha, K; Day-Lewis, FD Pidlisec ky, Adam; Singha, Kamini; Day-Lewis, Frederick D. A distribution-b ased parametrization for improved tomographic imaging of solute plumes GEOPHYSI CAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL English Article Image processing; Inverse theory; Ground penetrating radar; Hydrogeophysics ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY; ATTENUATION-DIFFERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; CROSS-BORE HOLE RADAR; GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE; TRACER TRANSPORT; SPATIAL MOMENTS; MASS-TRANS FER; TRAVEL-TIME; RESOLUTION; INVERSION Difference geophysical tomography (e. g. radar, resistivity and seismic) is used increasingly for imaging fluid flow and mass transport associated with natural and engineered hydrologic phenomena, inc luding tracer experiments, in situ remediation and aquifer storage and recovery. Tomographic data are collected over time, inverted and differenced against a ba ckground image to produce 'snapshots' revealing changes to the system; these sna pshots readily provide qualitative information on the location and morphology of plumes of injected tracer, remedial amendment or stored water. In principle, ge ometric moments (i.e. total mass, centres of mass, spread, etc.) calculated from difference tomograms can provide further quantitative insight into the rates of advection, dispersion and mass transfer; however, recent work has shown that mo ments calculated from tomograms are commonly biased, as they are strongly affect ed by the subjective choice of regularization criteria. Conventional approaches to regularization (Tikhonov) and parametrization (image pixels) result in tomogr ams which are subject to artefacts such as smearing or pixel estimates taking on the sign opposite to that expected for the plume under study. Here, we demonstr ate a novel parametrization for imaging plumes associated with hydrologic phenom ena. Capitalizing on the mathematical analogy between moment-based descriptors o f plumes and the moment-based parameters of probability distributions, we design an inverse problem that (1) is overdetermined and computationally efficient bec ause the image is described by only a few parameters, (2) produces tomograms con sistent with expected plume behaviour (e. g. changes of one sign relative to the background image), (3) yields parameter estimates that are readily interpreted for plume morphology and offer direct insight into hydrologic processes and (4) requires comparatively few data to achieve reasonable model estimates. We demons trate the approach in a series of numerical examples based on straight-ray diffe rence-attenuation radar monitoring of the transport of an ionic tracer, and show that the methodology outlined here is particularly effective when limited data are available. [Pidlisecky, A] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; [Singha, K] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA; [
Day-Lewis, FD] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA Pidlisecky, A (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
[email protected] National Science Foundat ion[EAR-0747629]; U.S. Geological Survey This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Grant EAR-0747629 and by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the auth ors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors are grateful to Rory Henderson and Seth Haines for comments on an e arly draft of the manuscript. 60 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 0956-540X GEOPHYS J INT Geophys. J. Int. OCT 2011 187 1 214 224 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05131.x 11 Geochemistry & Geophysics Geochemistry & Geophysics 822AH WOS:0002 95015100015 J Wong, GKC; Poon, WS Wong, George K. C.; Poon , W. S. Current status of computational fluid dynamics for cerebral aneu rysms: The clinician's perspective JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE English Review Cerebral aneurysm; Compu tational fluid dynamics; Inflow jet; Rupture; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Wall shea r stress SHEAR-STRESS; INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; M AGNETIC-RESONANCE; HEMODYNAMICS; FLOW; RUPTURE; PLACEMENT; MODEL; ATHEROSCLEROSI S The ultimate management goal for unruptured intracranial aneurysms is to select the aneurysms at risk of rupture and treat them. Computational fluid dyn amics (CFD) utilizes mechanical engineering principles to explicate what occurs in tubes (vessels) and bulges (aneurysms). CFD parameters have been related to t he biological processes that occur in the aneurysm wall, and models have been de veloped to predict the risk of aneurysm rupture. A PubMed search from 1 January 1970 to 30 November 2010 was carried out using the keywords "computational fluid dynamics" AND "cerebral aneurysm". References were also reviewed for relevant a rticles. All relevant articles were then reviewed by a vascular neurosurgeon, wh o found that the hemodynamic parameters of wall shear stress (WSS), WSS gradient , inflow jet, impingement zone, and aneurysm inflow-angle (IA) lack the predicti ve values required for clinical practice. CFD study can now be simulated and rep roduced in a simple and fast analysis of steady, non-pulsatile flow with phase c ontrast magnetic resonance-derived volumetric inflow rate but the key question o f whether a patient-specific CFD model can predict the rupture risk of unrupture d intracranial aneurysms remains to be determined in future studies incorporatin g multivariate analysis. CFD models will become available for routine clinical p ractice as the computational power of computers further improves. (C) 2011 Elsev ier Ltd. All rights reserved. [Wong, GKC; Poon, WS] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Di v Neurosurg, Prince Wales Hosp, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Wong, GK C (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Div Neurosurg, Prince Wales Hosp, 30 -32 Ngan Shing St, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[email protected]. edu.hk 47 0 0 ELSEVIER SCI LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND 0967-5868 J CLIN NEUROSCI J. Clin. Neurosci. OCT 2011 18 10 1285 1288 10.1016/j.jocn.2 011.02.014 4 Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences Neurosciences & Neurology 824FX WOS:000295188900001 J Wu, JM; Lin, XF; Huang, ZM; Wu, JS Wu, J. M.; Lin, X. -F.; Huang, Z. -M.; Wu, J. S. Construction of the HBV S-ecdCD40L fusion gene and effects of HBV S-ecdCD40L modification on function of dendritic cells JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS English Article CD40 ligand; dendritic cells; Hepatitis B virus CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B; CD40 LIGAND ; VIRUS-INFECTION; ACTIVATION; RESPONSES; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MATURATION; PROTEINS; C APACITY; EPITOPES We examined the effect of dendritic cells engineered to express an HBV S antigen CD40L fusion gene (HBV S-ecdCD40L). The DNA of HBV S ge ne and the cDNA of the extracellular domain of human CD40 ligand were linked by cloning. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy adults were incu
bated and induced into dendritic cells (DC) in presence of granulocyte/macrophag e colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4(IL-4). The DCs were trans fected the novel construct, and the impact of the expressed clone assessed. We f ind that, compared with control groups, modification of DCs with HBV S-ecdCD40L fusion gene resulted in the activation of DCs with upregulated expression of imm unologically important cell surface molecules (CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR) and proinf lammatory cytokines (IL-12). The DCs modified with HBV S-ecdCD40L are able to st imulate enhanced allogeneic T-cell proliferation in vitro. Thus, the fusion gene HBV S-ecdCD40L can promote DC's activation and enhance its function and may pro ve to be the foundation for a new type of hepatitis B vaccine. [Wu, JM; Lin, XF ; Huang, ZM; Wu, JS] Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Gastroenterol, Wenzhou Med Coll, We nzhou 325000, Peoples R China Wu, JM (reprint author), Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Gastroenterol, Wenzhou Med Coll, Wenzhou 325000, Peoples R China phdwu000
[email protected] 25 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1352-0504 J VIRAL HEPATITIS J. Viral Hepatitis OCT 2011 18 10 E461 E467 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01470.x 7 Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology 822ZY WOS:000295091500008 J Perdikaris, A; Vassilakos, N; Yiakoumettis, I; Kektsidou, O; Kintzios, S Perdikaris, Antonios; Vassilakos, Nikon; Yiakoumettis, Iakovos; Kektsidou, Oxana ; Kintzios, Spiridon Development of a portable, high throughput biose nsor system for rapid plant virus detection JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS English Article Bioelectric Recognition Assay; Cell biosensor; Membrane-engineering; PVY; CMV; TRV BIOELECTRIC RECO GNITION ASSAY; FIBROBLAST CELLS; MOSAIC-VIRUS; MEMBRANE; ANTIBODIES; TOMATO; GRE ECE Biosensors based on living cells are characterized by high sensitivity, selectivity and rapid response times. A novel portable cell biosensor system for the detection of plant viruses, based on immobilized 'Vero' cells carrying on t heir membrane virus specific antibodies was developed and was designated as High Throughput Bioelectric Recognition Assay (BERA-HTP). BERA-HTP was tested for th e detection of purified Potato virus V (PVY), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and To bacco rattle virus (TRV) and of CMV and TRV in single, as well as in mixed infec tions in two different plant host species. The sensor was based on live, mammali an cells, the membrane of which has been artificially saturated with antibodies specific to different plant viruses. The attachment of PVY, CMV or TRV viral par ticles to the homologous electroinserted antibodies caused a virus-specific chan ge of the cell membrane electric potential that was not observed with virus-free samples or with heterologous viruses. Fluorescence microscopy observations show ed that attachment of virus particles to the cell membrane bearing the homologou s antibody, was associated with a decrease of [Ca(2+)]cyt. The perspective for t he development of BERA-HTP as a portable, reliable and rapid (duration of assay for 96 samples: similar to 70 min) detection method of plant viruses in the fiel d is discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Perdikaris, A; Yiakoumettis, I; Kintzios, S] Agr Univ Athens, Lab Plant Physiol, Fac Biotechnol , Athens 11855, Greece; [Vassilakos, N; Kektsidou, O] Benaki Phytopathol Inst, D ept Phytopathol, Virol Lab, Athens 14561, Greece; [Yiakoumettis, I; Kintzios, S] EMBIO Diagnost Project, CY-2404 Nicosia, Cyprus Kintzios, S (reprint aut hor), Agr Univ Athens, Lab Plant Physiol, Fac Biotechnol, Iera Odos 75, Athens 1 1855, Greece
[email protected] Cypriot Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Touri sm The authors acknowledge the contribution of Jan Kokkelink e.V. (The Hagu e, Netherlands) to manufacturing the consumable sensor-electrode interface. The research project was funded in part by the EMBIO Project of the Cypriot Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism. 19 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0166-0934 J VIROL METHODS J. Virol. Methods OCT 2011 177 1 94 99 10.1016/j.jvirom et.2011.06.024 6 Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnol ogy & Applied Microbiology; Virology Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotec hnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology 823HL WOS:000295113000015
J Girgis, MD; Kenanova, V; Olafsen, T; McCabe, KE; Wu, AM; Tomlinson, JS Girgis, Mark D.; Kenanova, Vania; Olafsen, Tove; McCabe, Katelyn E.; Wu, Anna M. ; Tomlinson, James S. Anti-CA19-9 Diabody as a PET Imaging Probe for P ancreas Cancer JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH English Article pancreas cancer; PET imaging; tumor targeting; CA19-9; antibody; diabody POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; FC ANTIBODY FRAGMENTS; CA 19-9; ANTIGEN; ADENOCARC INOMA; CARCINOMA; CEA; CA19-9; PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY Background. Intact antibodies are poor imaging agents due to a long serumhalf-li fe (10-20 d) preventing adequate contrast between the tumor and surrounding bloo d. Smaller engineered antibody fragments overcome this problem by exhibiting sho rter serum half-lives (4-20 h). The diabody (55 kDa) is the smallest antibody fr agment, which retains the bivalency of the intact antibody. Our goal was to deve lop and characterize the anti-CA19-9 diabody fragment and determine its ability to provide antigen specific imaging of pancreas cancer. Methods. The diabody DNA construct was created by isolation of the variable region genes of the intact a nti-CA19-9 antibody. Diabody expression was carried out in NS0 cells and purifie d using HPLC from supernatant. Specific antigen binding was confirmed with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Radiolabeled diabody was injected into mice ha rboring an antigen positive xenograft (BxPC3 or Capan-2) and a negative xenograf t (MiaPaca-2). MicroCT and MicroPET were performed at successive time intervals after injection. Radioactivity was measured in blood and tumor to provide object ive confirmation of the microPET images. Results. Immunofluorescence and flow cy tometry showed specific binding of the anti-CA19-9 diabody. Pancreas xenograft i maging of BxPC3/MiaPaca-2 and Capan-2/MiaPaca-2 models with the anti-CA19-9 diab ody demonstrated an average tumor: blood ratio of 5.0 and 2.0, respectively, and an average positive: negative tumor ratio of 11 and 6, respectively. With respe ct to the tumor: blood ratio, these data indicate five times and two times more radioactivity in the tumor than in the blood yielding adequate contrast between tumor tissue and background (i.e., blood) to create the representative microPET images. Conclusions. We successfully engineered a functional diabody against CA1 9-9, a tumor antigen present on the vast majority of pancreas cancers. Additiona lly, we demonstrate high contrast antigen specific microPET imaging of pancreas cancer in xenograft models. Published by Elsevier Inc. [Girgis, MD; Tomlinson, JS] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; [Kenanova, V; Olafsen, T; McCabe, KE; Wu, AM] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Crump Inst Mol Imaging, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA Tomlinson, JS (reprint a uthor), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Surg, 10833 LeConte Ave,Rm 54-140, Los Ange les, CA 90095 USA
[email protected] Veterans Affairs Career Development Award (JST); NIH[CA-16042, AI-28697] Funding support was prov ided by the Veterans Affairs Career Development Award (JST). The authors thank W aldemar Ladno for his assistance with the animal studies and Felix Bergara, M. S ., for his technical assistance. They also acknowledge the UCLA Translation Path ology Core Laboratory for their immunostaining services and the UCLA Small Anima l Imaging Resource Program (NIH CA 92865). Flow cytometry was performed in the U CLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC) and Center for AIDS Research Flow Cytometry Core Facility, supported by NIH awards CA-16042 and AI-28697. 42 0 0 ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE SAN DIEGO 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA 0022-4804 J SURG RES J. Surg. Res. OCT 2011 170 2 169 178 10.1016/j.jss.2011.03.065 10 Surgery Surgery 823NH WOS:000295128600011 J Sun, XJ; Peng, W; Yang, ZL; Ren, ML; Zhang, SC; Zhang, WG; Zhang, LY; Xi ao, K; Wang, ZG; Zhang, B; Wang, J Sun, Xin-jun; Pe ng, Wei; Yang, Zai-liang; Ren, Ming-liang; Zhang, Shi-chang; Zhang, Wei-guo; Zha ng, Lian-yang; Xiao, Kai; Wang, Zheng-guo; Zhang, Bo; Wang, Jin HeparinChitosan-Coated Acellular Bone Matrix Enhances Perfusion of Blood and Vasculariz ation in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article HUMAN CORONARY-A RTERIES; CT PERFUSION; BENESTENT-II; IN-VITRO; SURFACE; STENTS; COAGULATION; THR OMBOSIS; CELLS; FILMS Currently, the main hurdle in the tissue engineering fie
ld is how to provide sufficient blood supply to grafted tissue substitutes in th e early post-transplanted period. For three-dimensional, cell-dense, thick tissu es to survive after transplantation, treatments are required for hypoxia, nutrie nt insufficiency, and the accumulation of waste products. In this study, a bioma cromolecular layer-by-layer coating process of chitosan/heparin onto a decellula rized extracellular bone matrix was designed to accelerate the blood perfusion a nd re-endothelialization process. The results of in vitro measurements of the ac tivated partial thromboplastin time supported the theory that the combination of chitosan and heparin could bring both anticoagulation and hemocompatibility to the scaffold. A rabbit bone defect model was established for further evaluation of the application of this kind of surface-modified scaffold in vivo. The final results of computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging and histological examinati on proved that this facile coating approach could significantly promote blood pe rfusion and re-endothelialization in the early post-transplanted period compared with an acellular bone matrix due to its much-improved anticoagulation property . [Sun, XJ; Peng, W; Yang, ZL; Ren, ML; Zhang, SC; Xiao, K; Wang, ZG; Zhan g, B] Third Mil Med Univ, Dept 4, Res Inst Field Surg, State Key Lab Trauma Burn s & Combined Injury, Chongqing 400042, Peoples R China; [Sun, XJ] 89th Hosp PLA, Wei Fang, Peoples R China; [Peng, W] 309th Hosp PLA, Beijing, Peoples R China; [Zhang, WG] Third Mil Med Univ, Dept Radiol, Res Inst Field Surg, Daping Hosp, C hongqing 400042, Peoples R China; [Zhang, LY] Third Mil Med Univ, Trauma Ctr PLA , Res Inst Field Surg, Daping Hosp, Chongqing 400042, Peoples R China; [Wang, J] Third Mil Med Univ, Dept Hematol, Daping Hosp, Chongqing 400042, Peoples R Chin a Zhang, B (reprint author), Third Mil Med Univ, Dept 4, Inst Surg Res, St ate Key Lab Trauma Burns & Combined Injury, 10 Changjiang Zhilu, Chongqing 40004 2, Peoples R China
[email protected];
[email protected] CSTC[200 8BC5004, 2011CB964701] This study was funded by the projects of (CSTC, 2008BC50 04, and 2011CB964701). 47 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-334 1 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2369 2378 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.002 7 10 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Appli ed Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiolo gy 823VW WOS:000295155800001 J Emani, S; Mayer, JE; Emani, SM Emani, Sirisha; Mayer, John E., Jr.; Emani, Sitaram M. Gene Regulation of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Human Bone Marrow Stem Cell-Seeded Tissue-Engineered Graft s TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article IN-VIVO; OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; STROMAL CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR; CYCL IC FLEXURE; HEART-VALVES; MINERALIZATION; EXPRESSION; SCAFFOLDS; STRAIN Tissue-e ngineered heart valves are prone to early structural deterioration. We hypothesi ze that cell-scaffold interaction and mechanical deformation results in upregula tion of genes related to osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation and thus change s extracellular matrix (ECM) composition in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem c ell (hBMSC)-derived tissue-engineered grafts. hBMSC were expanded and seeded ont o poly-glycolic acid/poly-lactic acid scaffold for 14 days. Seeded tissue-engine ered constructs (TEC) were subjected to cyclic flexure for 24 h, whereas control TEC was maintained in roller bottles for the same duration. hBMSC, TEC, and mec hanically deformed TEC were subjected to gene-array and histological analysis. E xpression levels of RNA and/or protein markers related to chondrogenesis (Sox9, MGP, RunX2, Col II, Col X, and Col XI) and osteogenesis (ALPL, BMP2, EDN1, RunX1 , and Col I) were increased in TEC compared to unseeded hBMSC. Histological sect ions of TEC stained positive for Saffranin O, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium deposits. The expression levels of the above gene and protein markers f urther increased in deformed TEC compared to static TEC. Cell-scaffold interacti ons and mechanical stress results in gene expression suggestive of endochondralossification that impact upon ECM composition and may predispose them to eventua l calcification. [Emani, SM] Harvard Univ, Dept Cardiac Surg, Childrens H osp Boston, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA Emani, SM (reprint author), Harv ard Univ, Dept Cardiac Surg, Childrens Hosp Boston, Sch Med, 300 Longwood Ave,Bl
dg 273 Bader, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[email protected] 25 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2379 2388 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0628 10 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800 002 J Bae, JH; Song, HR; Kim, HJ; Lim, HC; Park, JH; Liu, YC; Teoh, SH Bae, Ji-Hoon; Song, Hae-Ryong; Kim, Hak-Jun; Lim, Hong-Chul; Park, Jung-Ho; Liu, Yuchun; Teoh, Swee-Hin Discontinuous Release of Bone Morphogenetic Prot ein-2 Loaded Within Interconnected Pores of Honeycomb-Like Polycaprolactone Scaf fold Promotes Bone Healing in a Large Bone Defect of Rabbit Ulna TISSUE E NGINEERING PART A English Article PLATELET-RICH PLASMA; TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS; HUMAN OSTEOGENIC PROTEIN-1 ; ENGINEERING BONE; STEM-CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; DELIVERY; REGENERATION; COMBINA TION; RHBMP-2 The choice of an appropriate carrier and its microarchitectural design is integral in directing bone ingrowth into the defect site and determini ng its subsequent rate of bone formation and remodeling. We have selected a thre e-dimensional polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold with an interconnected honeycomb-l ike porous structure to provide a conduit for vasculature ingrowth as well as an osteoconductive pathway to guide recruited cells responding to a unique triphas ic release of osteoinductive bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) from these PCL sc affolds. We hypothesize that the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic pro tein 2 (rhBMP2)-PCL constructs promotes rapid union and bone regeneration of a l arge defect. Results of our pilot study on a unilateral 15mm mid-diaphyseal segm ental rabbit ulna defect demonstrated enhanced bone healing with greater amount of bone formation and bridging under plain radiography and microcomputed tomogra phy imaging when compared with an empty PCL and untreated group after 8 weeks po stimplantation. Quantitative measurements showed significantly higher bone volum e fraction and trabecular thickness, with lower trabecular separation in the rhB MP2-treated groups. Histology evaluation also revealed greater mature bone forma tion spanning across the entire scaffold region compared with other groups, whic h showed no bone regeneration within the central defect zone. We highlight that it is the uniqueness of the scaffold having a highly porous network of channels that promoted vascular integration and allowed for cellular infiltration, leadin g to a discontinuous triphasic BMP2 release profile that mimicked the release pr ofile during natural repair mechanisms in vivo. This study serves as preclinical evidence demonstrating the potential of combining osteoinductive rhBMP2 with ou r PCL constructs for the repair of large defects in a large animal model. [Song, HR; Kim, HJ; Lim, HC] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Guro Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Sur g, Seoul 152703, South Korea; [Bae, JH; Park, JH] Korea Univ, Ansan Hosp, Dept O rthopaed Surg, Ansan, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea; [Liu, YC; Teoh, SH] Natl Univ Si ngapore, NUSTEP, Ctr Biomed Mat Applicat & Technol BIOMAT, Dept Mech Engn, Singa pore 117576, Singapore Song, HR (reprint author), Korea Univ, Coll Med, Guro Ho sp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 80 Guro Dong, Seoul 152703, South Korea songhae@ korea.ac.kr;
[email protected] National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology[KRF-2008-313-E00345] The authors spec ially thank Hyo-Keun Kim and Mi-Ock Baek for their technical assistance. This re search was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Rese arch Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Techn ology (KRF-2008-313-E00345). 50 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2389 2397 10.1089/ten.tea. 2011.0032 9 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Mi crobiology 823VW WOS:000295155800003 J Liu, HC; E, LL; Wang, DS; Su, F; Wu, X; Shi, ZP; Lv, Y; Wang, JZ Liu, Hong-Chen; E, Ling-Ling; Wang, Dong-Sheng; Su, Fang; Wu, Xia; Shi, Zhan-Pin
g; Lv, Yan; Wang, Jia-Zhu Reconstruction of Alveolar Bone Defects Using Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Mediated Rabbit Dental Pulp Stem Cells Seeded on Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Collagen/Poly(L-lactide) TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article TISSUE FORMATION; INTERBODY FUSION; ILIAC CREST; IN-VIVO; MARROW; MODEL; REGENER ATION; RHBMP-2; PROGENITORS; POPULATION The objective of the present study was t o evaluate the capacity of a tissue-engineered bone complex of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2)-mediated dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide) (nHAC/PLA) to reconstruct criti cal-size alveolar bone defects in New Zealand rabbit. Autologous DPSCs were isol ated from rabbit dental pulp tissue and expanded ex vivo to enrich DPSCs numbers , and then their attachment and differentiation capability were evaluated when c ultured on the culture plate or nHAC/PLA. The alveolar bone defects were treated with nHAC/PLA, nHAC/PLA+rhBMP-2, nHAC/PLA + DPSCs, nHAC/PLA + DPSCs + rhBMP-2, and autogenous bone (AB) obtained from iliac bone or were left untreated as a co ntrol. X-ray and a polychrome sequential fluorescent labeling were performed pos toperatively and the animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after operation for histol ogical observation and histomorphometric analysis. Our results showed that DPSCs expressed STRO-1 and vementin, and favored osteogenesis and adipogenesis in con ditioned media. DPSCs attached and spread well, and retained their osteogenic ph enotypes on nHAC/PLA. The rhBMP-2 could significantly increase protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity/protein, osteocalcin content, and mineral formatio n of DPSCs cultured on nHAC/PLA. The X-ray graph, the fluorescent, histological observation, and histomorphometric analysis showed that the nHAC/PLA + DPSCs + r hBMP-2 tissue-engineered bone complex had an earlier mineralization and more bon e formation inside the scaffold than nHAC/PLA, nHAC/PLA + rhBMP-2, and nHAC/PLA + DPSCs, or even autologous bone. Implanted DPSCs' contribution to new bone was detected through transfected eGFP genes. Our findings indicated that stem cells existed in adult rabbit dental pulp tissue. The rhBMP-2 promoted osteogenic capa bility of DPSCs as a potential cell source for periodontal bone regeneration. Th e nHAC/PLA could serve as a good scaffold for autologous DPSC seeding, prolifera tion, and differentiation. The tissue-engineered bone complex with nHAC/PLA, rhB MP-2, and autologous DPSCs might be a better alternative to autologous bone for the clinical reconstruction of periodontal bone defects. [Liu, HC; E, LL; Wang, DS; Su, F; Wu, X; Shi, ZP; Lv, Y; Wang, JZ] Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Inst Stomatol, Beijing 100853, Peoples R China Liu, HC (reprint author), Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Inst Stomatol, Fuxing Lu 28, Be ijing 100853, Peoples R China
[email protected] 42 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2417 2433 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0620 17 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800 006 J Hanson, SE; King, SN; Kim, J; Chen, X; Thibeault, SL; Hematti, P Hanson, Summer E.; King, Suzanne N.; Kim, Jaehyup; Chen, Xia; Thibeault, Susan L .; Hematti, Peiman The Effect of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Hyaluroni c Acid Hydrogel Constructs on Immunophenotype of Macrophages TISSUE ENGINEERI NG PART A English Article SYNTHETIC EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; FOLD LAMINA PROPRIA; VOCAL FOLD; STEM-CELLS; REG ENERATIVE MEDICINE; IN-VITRO; FIBROBLASTS; ACTIVATION; SCAFFOLDS; THERAPY During the past several years, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have rapidly moved from in vitro and animal studies into clinical trials as a therap eutic modality potentially applicable to a wide range of disorders. It has been proposed that ex vivo culture-expanded MSCs exert their tissue regeneration pote ntial through their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, and parac rine effects more than their ability to differentiate into multiple tissue linea ges. Since extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and tissue support is also one of many physiological roles of MSCs, there is increasing interest in their poten
tial use for tissue engineering, particularly in combination with ECM-based scaf folds such as hyaluronic acid (HA). We investigated the effect of MSCs on immuno phenotype of macrophages in the presence of an HA-hydrogel scaffold using a uniq ue 3D coculture system. MSCs were encapsulated in the hydrogel and peripheral bl ood CD14+ monocyte-derived macrophages plated in direct contact with the MSC-gel construct. To determine the immunophenotype of macrophages, we looked at the ex pression of cell surface markers CD14, CD16, CD206, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR by flow cytometry. MSCs and macrophages cultured on the HA-hydrogel rem ained viable and were able to be recovered from the construct. There was a signi ficant difference in the immunophenotype observed between monocyte-derived macro phages cultured on the HA scaffold compared to tissue culture polystyrene. Macro phages cultured on gels with MSCs expressed lower CD16 and HLA-DR with higher ex pression of CD206, indicating the least inflammatory profile overall, compatible with the immunophenotype of alternatively activated macrophages. Development of macrophages, with this immunophenotype, upon interaction with the MSC-hydrogel constructs may play a potentially significant role in tissue repair when using a cellular-biomaterial therapeutic approach. [King, SN; Chen, X; Thibeault, S L] Univ Wisconsin, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madiso n, WI 53705 USA; [Hanson, SE] Univ Wisconsin, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53705 USA; [Kim, J; Thibeault, SL; Hematti, P] Univ Wisconsin, Div Hematol Oncol, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA; [Hematti, P] Univ Wisconsin, Carbone Canc Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA Thibeault, SL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg , Sch Med & Publ Hlth, WIMR 5107,1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA
[email protected];
[email protected] NIH/NIDCD[R01 DC4336, R0 1 DC4336 S1, DC009401]; NIH/NHLBI[HL081076 K08, W81XWH-09-1-0532]; NIH[CA009614] ; AAO-HNSF Resident Grant; NIDCD-NIH[R01 DC4336, R01 DC4336S1, T32 DC009401]; NH LBI-NIH[K08 HL081076, DoD W81XWH-09-1-0532]; AAO-HNSF CORE This work was su pported in part by NIH/NIDCD Grant R01 DC4336, R01 DC4336 S1 (S.L. Thibeault), N IH/NHLBI HL081076 K08, W81XWH-09-1-0532 (P. Hematti), NIH/NIDCD T32 Voice Scienc e Training Grant DC009401 (S.N. King), NIH T32 Physician-Scientist Training Gran t CA009614 (S.E. Hanson), and AAO-HNSF Resident Grant (S. E. Hanson). We thank G len Leverson, Ph.D., Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin-Madison, for statistical assistance.NIDCD-NIH grants R01 DC4336, R01 DC4336S1, T32 DC009401; NHLBI-NIH grant K08 HL081076; DoD W81XWH-09-1-0532; and AAO-HNSF CORE grant. 41 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2463 2471 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0716 9 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800 010 J Fedorovich, NE; Kuipers, E; Gawlitta, D; Dhert, WJA; Alblas, J Fedorovich, Natalja E.; Kuipers, Elske; Gawlitta, Debby; Dhert, Wouter J. A.; Al blas, Jacqueline Scaffold Porosity and Oxygenation of Printed Hyd rogel Constructs Affect Functionality of Embedded Osteogenic Progenitors TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; TISSUE-ENGINEERED CARTILAGE; BETA-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; IN-VITRO; FREEFORM FABRICATION; BONE-FORMATION; BIOREACTO R CULTIVATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SEEDING DENSITY Insufficient supply of o xygen and nutrients throughout the graft is considered one of the principal limi tations in development of large, tissue-engineered bone grafts. Organ or tissue printing by means of three-dimensional (3D) fiber deposition is a novel modality in regenerative medicine that combines pore formation and defined cell placemen t, and is used here for development of cell-laden hydrogel structures with repro ducible internal architecture to sustain oxygen supply and to support adequate t issue development. In this study we tested the effect of porosity on multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) embedded in hydrogel constructs printed with a 3D fiber de position (3DF) machine. For this, porous and solid alginate hydrogel scaffolds, with MSCs homogeneously dispersed throughout the construct, were printed and ana
lyzed in vitro for the presence of hypoxia markers, metabolism, survival, and os teogenic differentiation. We demonstrated that porosity promotes oxygenation of MSCs in printed hydrogel scaffolds and supported the viability and osteogenic di fferentiation of embedded cells. Porous and solid printed constructs were subseq uently implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice to analyze tissue format ion in relation to hypoxia responses of embedded cells. Implantation of printed grafts resulted in ingrowth of vascularized tissue and significantly enhanced ox ygenation of embedded MSCs. In conclusion, the introduction of pores significant ly enhances the conductive properties of printed hydrogel constructs and contrib utes to the functionality of embedded osteogenic progenitors. [Fedorovich, NE; Kuipers, E; Gawlitta, D; Dhert, WJA; Alblas, J] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Orth opaed, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands; [Dhert, WJA] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Utrecht, Netherlands Alblas, J (reprint author), Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept O rthopaed G05 228, POB 85500, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands j.alblas@umcutre cht.nl Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)[017.001.181]; Dut ch Program for Tissue Engineering[UGT.6743]; Anna Foundation; Netherlands Minist ry of Economic Affairs; Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; UMC Utrecht We thank E. Bosman for her assistance with immunocytochemical st ainings. We acknowledge the financial support from the Mosaic scheme 2004 of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO; grant number 017.001.181 ); the Dutch Program for Tissue Engineering (project number UGT.6743); the Anna Foundation; the Smart Mix Program of the Netherlands Ministry of Economic Affair s and the Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; and the suppor t from the UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Strategic Program. 81 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue E ng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2473 2486 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0001 14 Cell & T issue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Bio logy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800011 J Rodenberg, E; Azhdarinia, A; Lazard, ZW; Hall, M; Kwon, SK; Wilganowski, N; Salisbury, EA; Merched-Sauvage, M; Olmsted-Davis, EA; Sevick-Muraca, EM; Dav is, AR Rodenberg, Eric; Azhdarinia, Ali; Lazard, ZaWaun yka W.; Hall, Mary; Kwon, Sun Kuk; Wilganowski, Nathaniel; Salisbury, Elizabeth A.; Merched-Sauvage, Maria; Olmsted-Davis, Elizabeth A.; Sevick-Muraca, Eva M.; Davis, Alan R. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 is a Diagnostic Marker of Het erotopic Ossification in a Murine Model TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article MATRIX-METALLOPR OTEINASE; IN-VIVO; BONE-FORMATION; ACTIVATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIFFERENTIATION; FLUORESCENCE; INFLAMMATION; INHIBITOR; CHYMASE Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a serious disorder that occurs when there is aberrant bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling in soft tissues. Currently, there are no methods to detect HO be foremineralization occurs. Yet once mineralization occurs, there are no effectiv e treatments, short of surgery, to reverse HO. Herein, we used in vivo molecular imaging and confirmatory ex vivo tissue analyses of an establishedmurine animal model of BMP-induced HO to show that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) can be d etected as an early-stage biomarker before mineralization. Ex vivo analyses show that activeMMP-9 protein is significantly elevated within tissues undergoingHOas early as 48 h after BMP induction, with its expression co-localizing to nerves and vessels. In vivo molecular imaging with a dual-labeled near-infrared fluores cence and micro-positron emission tomography (mPET) agent specific to MMP-2/-9 e xpression paralleled the ex vivo observations and reflected the site of HO forma tion as detected from microcomputed tomography 7 days later. The results suggest that theMMP-9 is a biomarker of the early extracellular matrix (ECM) re-organiz ation and could be used as an in vivo diagnostic with confirmatory ex vivo tissu e analysis for detecting HO or conversely for monitoring the success of tissue-e ngineered bone implants that employ ECM biology for engraftment. [Rodenbe rg, E; Lazard, ZW; Salisbury, EA; Merched-Sauvage, M; Olmsted-Davis, EA; Davis, AR] Baylor Coll Med, Ctr Cell & Gene Therapy, Houston, TX 77030 USA; [Azhdarinia , A; Hall, M; Kwon, SK; Wilganowski, N; Sevick-Muraca, EM] Univ Texas Hlth Sci C
tr, Ctr Mol Imaging, Houston, TX 77030 USA Davis, AR (reprint author), Bayl or Coll Med, Ctr Cell & Gene Therapy, 1 Baylor Plaza,MS BCM505, Houston, TX 7703 0 USA
[email protected];
[email protected] Defense Advanced Research Projec ts Agency[W911NF-09-1-0040]; Department of Defense[W81XWH-07-0281, W81XWH-07-1-0 25] Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (W911NF-09-1-0040) and Departm ent of Defense (W81XWH-07-0281 and W81XWH-07-1-025). We thank Rita Nistal for pe rforming the histology and Holly Robinson for assisting with the animal imaging. 31 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2487 2496 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0007 10 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800 012 J Ahmann, KA; Johnson, SL; Hebbel, RP; Tranquillo, RT Ahmann, Katherine A.; Johnson, Sandra L.; Hebbel, Robert P.; Tranquillo, Robert T. Shear Stress Responses of Adult Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cell s Seeded on Bioartificial Tissue TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article NITRIC-OXIDE PRO DUCTION; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PROGENITOR CELLS; IN-VITRO; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYL ENE GRAFTS; INVITRO ENDOTHELIALIZATION; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; ADHESION MOLECULES ; PROSTHETIC GRAFTS; VASCULAR GRAFTS Human blood outgrowth endothelial cells (HBOECs) are expanded from circulating endothelial progenitor cells in periphera l blood and thus could provide a source of autologous endothelial cells for tiss ue-engineered vascular grafts. To examine the suitability of adult HBOECs for us e in vascular tissue engineering, the shear stress responsiveness of these cells was examined on bioartificial tissue formed from dermal fibroblasts entrapped i n tubular fibrin gels. HBOECs adhered to this surface, deposited collagen IV and laminin, and remained adherent when exposed to 15 dyn/cm(2) shear stress for 24 h. The shear stress responses of HBOECs were compared to human umbilical vein e ndothelial cells (HUVECs). As with HUVECs, HBOECs upregulated vascular cell adhe sion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 when exposed to tumor necr osis factor (TNF)-alpha and shear stress decreased the expression of these adhes ion molecules on TNF-alpha-activated monolayers. Nitric oxide production was ele vated by shear stress, but did not vary between cell types. Both cell types decr eased platelet adhesion to the bioartificial tissue, whereas pre-exposing the ce lls to flow decreased platelet adhesion further. These results illustrate the po tential utility for HBOECs in vascular tissue engineering, as not only do the ce lls adhere to bioartificial tissue and remain adherent under physiological shear stress, they are also responsive to shear stress signaling. [Ahmann, KA; Joh nson, SL; Tranquillo, RT] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biomed Engn, Minneapolis, MN 5545 5 USA; [Hebbel, RP] Univ Minnesota, Vasc Biol Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA; [H ebbel, RP] Univ Minnesota, Div Hematol Oncol Transplantat, Dept Med, Minneapolis , MN 55455 USA; [Tranquillo, RT] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minne apolis, MN 55455 USA Tranquillo, RT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Bi omed Engn, 7-105 Hasselmo Hall,312 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
[email protected] NIH[R01 HL083880] The authors would like to thank Mark Roney and Sethu Nair for help with BOEC culture, Lee Meier for HBOEC and HU VEC culture and seeding, Naomi Ferguson for HDF culture, and Debra Cocking-Johns on for support with the whole blood studies. Funding was from NIH R01 HL083880 ( to R.T.T.). 51 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCH ELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2511 2521 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0055 11 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800 014 J Petersen, LK; Oh, J; Sakaguchi, DS; Mallapragada, SK; Narasimhan, B Petersen, Latrisha K.; Oh, Jisun; Sakaguchi, Donald S.; Mallapragada, Surya K.; Narasimhan, Balaji Amphiphilic Polyanhydride Films Promote Neural S
tem Cell Adhesion and Differentiation TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article PLGA MICROSPHERE S; POLYMER CHEMISTRY; DRUG-DELIVERY; PROTEIN STABILITY; BETA-TUBULIN; RELEASE; M ICROPARTICLES; PH; DEGRADATION; EROSION Several challenges currently exist for r ational design of functional tissue engineering constructs within the host, whic h include appropriate cellular integration, avoidance of bacterial infections, a nd low inflammatory stimulation. This work describes a novel class of biodegrada ble, amphiphilic polyanhydrides with many desirable protein-material and cell-ma terial attributes capable of confronting these challenges. The biocompatible amp hiphilic polymer films were shown to release laminin in a stable and controlled manner, promote neural cell adhesion and differentiation, and evade inflammatory responses of the immune system. Using high-throughput approaches, it was shown that polymer chemistry plays an integral role in controlling cell-film interacti ons, which suggests that these polyanhydrides can be tailored to achieve the des ired cell adhesion and differentiation while minimizing immune recognition. Thes e findings have important implications for development of engineered constructs to regulate differentiation and target the growth of transplanted cells in stem cell-based therapies to treat nervous system disorders. [Petersen, LK; Mallaprag ada, SK; Narasimhan, B] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Ames, IA 50011 U SA; [Oh, J; Sakaguchi, DS] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA Narasimhan, B (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem & Bio l Engn, 2035 Sweeney Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA
[email protected] ONR-MURI [NN00014-06-1-1176] The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the ONR-MURI Award (NN00014-06-1-1176). The authors would also like to than k Shawn Rigby for his expertise in flow cytometry and Christian Tormos for his h elp with data analysis. 48 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-334 1 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2533 2541 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.009 5 9 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Appli ed Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiolo gy 823VW WOS:000295155800016 J Pennisi, CP; Olesen, CG; de Zee, M; Rasmussen, J; Zachar, V Pennisi, Cristian Pablo; Olesen, Christian Gammelgaard; de Zee, Mark; Rasmussen, John; Zachar, Vladimir Uniaxial Cyclic Strain Drives Assembly and Diffe rentiation of Skeletal Myocytes TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; MUSCLE TISSUE; MECHANICAL STIMULATION; C2C12 MYOBLASTS; IN-VITRO; SATELLITE CELL S; MODEL SYSTEM; STRETCH; ACTIVATION; ALIGNMENT Ex vivo engineering of skeletal muscle represents an exciting new area of biotechnology. Although the ability of skeletal muscle cells to sense and respond to mechanical forces is well known, strategies based on the use of mechanical stimuli to optimize myogenesis in vitr o remain limited. In this work, we describe a simple but powerful method based o n uniaxial cyclic tensile strain (CTS) to induce assembly and differentiation of skeletal myocytes in vitro. Confluent mouse myoblastic precursors cultured on f lexible-bottomed culture plates were subjected to either uniaxial or equibiaxial CTS. The uniaxial CTS protocol resulted in a highly aligned array of cross-stri ated fibers, with the major axis of most cells aligned perpendicularly to the ax is of strain. In addition, a short period of myogenin activation and significant increase in the myotube/myoblast ratio and percentage of myosin-positive myotub es was found, indicating an enhanced cell differentiation. In contrast, cells un der equibiaxial strain regimen had no clear orientation and displayed signs of m embrane damage and impaired differentiation. These results, thus, demonstrate th at the selection of a proper paradigm is a key element when discussing the relev ance of mechanical stimulation for myogenesis in vitro. This study provides a ra tional framework to optimize engineering of functional skeletal muscle. [Pennisi , CP; Zachar, V] Univ Aalborg, Lab Stem Cell Res, Dept Hlth Sci & Technol, DK-92 20 Aalborg, Denmark; [Olesen, CG; Rasmussen, J] Univ Aalborg, AnyBody Res Grp, D ept Mech & Mfg Engn, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark; [de Zee, M] Univ Aalborg, Lab Mus culoskeletal Modeling, Dept Hlth Sci & Technol, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Zachar, V (reprint author), Univ Aalborg, Lab Stem Cell Res, Dept Hlth Sci & Tec hnol, Frederik Bajers Vej 3B, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
[email protected] Growth F und North Denmark; European Regional Development Fund[ERDFN-09-0070]; Danish Soc iety of Polio and Accident Victims; Spar Nord; Obel's Family; Augustinus; John a nd Birthe Meyer foundations The authors wish to thank Mayuri Sinha Prasad fo r assistance with acquisition of data and Trine Fink for helpful comments to the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the Growth Fund North Denma rk and European Regional Development Fund (ERDFN-09-0070). Also, grants from the Danish Society of Polio and Accident Victims, Spar Nord, Obel's Family, Augusti nus, and John and Birthe Meyer foundations are highly appreciated. 49 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2543 2550 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0089 8 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800 017 J Rampersad, S; Ruiz, JC; Petit, A; Lerouge, S; Antoniou, J; Wertheimer, M R; Mwale, F Rampersad, Sonia; Ruiz, Juan-Carlos; Pet it, Alain; Lerouge, Sophie; Antoniou, John; Wertheimer, Michael R.; Mwale, Facks on Stem Cells, Nitrogen-Rich Plasma-Polymerized Culture Surfaces, a nd Type X Collagen Suppression TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article MESENCHYMAL PROGENITOR C ELLS; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; ORGANIC THIN-FILMS; HUMAN BONE-MARROW; CHONDROGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; IN-VITRO; GENE-EXPRESSION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE ; COATINGS Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that can dif ferentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, myocytes, adipocytes, and a variety o f other cell types. Several studies have been directed toward using MSCs from pa tients with osteoarthritis (OA) for cartilage repair, not only because these are the ones that will require a source of autologous stem cells if biological repa ir of cartilage lesions is to be a therapeutic option, but also to further an un derstanding of stem cell differentiation. Previous studies have shown that a maj or drawback of current cartilage and intervertebral disc tissue repair is that h uman MSCs from OA patients express type X collagen (COL X). COL X, a marker of l ate-stage chondrocyte hypertrophy, is implicated in endochondral ossification. H owever, those studies also revealed that a novel plasma-polymerized thin film ma terial, named nitrogen-rich plasma-polymerized ethylene (PPE:N), was able to inh ibit COL X expression in committed MSCs. The specific aim of this present study was to determine if the suppression of COL X by PPE:N is maintained when MSCs ar e transferred to pellet cultures in serum-free media. Our results confirmed the potential of two different types of PPE:N surfaces (low-pressure-PPE:N [L-PPE:N] and high-pressure-PPE:N [H-PPE:N]) in suppressing COL X expression, more so on the latter. Interestingly, when MSCs were transferred to pellet cultures, the ex pression level of COL X was further decreased by preincubation on H-PPE:N, sugge sting that these kinds of coatings show promise for tissue engineering of cartil age and disc tissues. Further studies are needed to assess the relative importan ce of surface-chemistry versus surface-morphology in the mechanism of COL X supp ression. [Rampersad, S; Petit, A; Antoniou, J; Mwale, F] SMBD Jewish Gen Hosp, Lady Davis Inst Med Res, Montreal, PQ H3T 1E2, Canada; [Rampersad, S; Anto niou, J; Mwale, F] McGill Univ, Div Orthopaed Surg, Montreal, PQ, Canada; [Ruiz, JC; Wertheimer, MR] Ecole Polytech, Dept Engn Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canad a; [Lerouge, S] Univ Montreal Hosp Ctr CRCHUM, Lab Endovasc Biomat, Res Ctr, Mon treal, PQ, Canada Mwale, F (reprint author), SMBD Jewish Gen Hosp, Lady Da vis Inst Med Res, 3755 Cote Ste Catherine Rd, Montreal, PQ H3T 1E2, Canada
[email protected] Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR); AO Foundation Switzerland; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ca nadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR), AO Foundation Switzerland, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). 40 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR
EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2551 2560 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0723 10 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800 018 J Woon, CYL; Kraus, A; Raghavan, SS; Pridgen, BC; Megerle, K; Pham, H; Cha ng, J Woon, Colin Y. L.; Kraus, Armin; Raghavan, Shyam S.; Pridgen, Brian C.; Megerle, Kai; Pham, Hung; Chang, James Three-Di mensional-Construct Bioreactor Conditioning in Human Tendon Tissue Engineering TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article IN-VITRO; STRESS-DEPRIVATION; COLLAGEN; REPAIR; IMMOBILIZATION; CONSTRUCTS; EXPR ESSION; SCAFFOLDS; TURNOVER; CELLS Human tendon tissue engineering attempts to address the shortage of autologous tendon material arising from mutilating i njuries and diseases of the hand and forearm. It is important to maximize the ti ssue-engineered construct's (TEC's) biomechanical properties to ensure that the construct is in its strongest possible state before reimplantation. In this stud y, we sought to determine the bioreactor treatment parameters that affect these properties. Using small-and large-chamber three-dimensional-construct bioreactor s (SCB and LCB, respectively), we applied cyclic axial load to TECs comprising r eseeded human flexor and extensor tendons of the hand. First, small-sample pilot studies using the LCB were performed on matched-paired full-length flexor tendo ns to establish proof of concept. Next, large-sample studies using the SCB were performed on matched-paired extensor tendon segments to determine how reseeding, load duty cycle, load magnitude, conditioning duration, and testing delay affec ted ultimate tensile stress (UTS) and elastic modulus (EM). We found that compar ed with reseeded matched-paired controls under dynamic-loading at 1.25N per TEC for 5 days, (1) acellular TECs had lower UTS (p = 0.04) and EM (p < 0.01), (2) u nloaded TECs had lower UTS (p = 0.01) and EM (p = 0.02), (3) static-loaded TECs had lower UTS (p = 0.01) and EM (p < 0.01), (4) TECs conditioned for 3 days had lower UTS (p = 0.03) and EM (p = 0.04), and (5) TECs conditioned for 8 days had higher UTS (p = 0.04) and EM (p = 0.01). However, TECs conditioned at higher loa ds (2.5N per TEC) and lower loads (0.625N per TEC) possessed similar UTS (p = 0. 83 and p = 0.89, respectively) and EM (p = 0.48 and p = 0.89, respectively) as c ontrols stimulated with 1.25N per TEC. After cycle completion, there is attritio n of UTS (p = 0.03) and EM (p = 0.04) over a 2-day period. Our study showed that the material properties of human allograft TECs can be enhanced by reseeding an d dynamic-conditioning. While conditioning duration has a significant effect on material properties, the load magnitude does not. The issue of attrition in biom echanical properties with time following cycle completion must be addressed befo re bioreactor preconditioning can be successfully introduced as a step in the pr ocessing of these constructs for clinical application. [Woon, CYL; Kraus, A; Ra ghavan, SS; Pridgen, BC; Megerle, K; Pham, H; Chang, J] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst,Sect Plast Surg, Stanf ord, CA 94305 USA Chang, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Div P last & Reconstruct Surg, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst,Sect Plast Surg, 770 Welch Rd,4th Floor, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[email protected] VA Medical Merit Review Award; VA Rehabilitation R&D Merit Review Award We thank Blaise Porter, applications engineer for Tissue Growth Technologies, for his technical support with the tendon bioreactor. We thank Derek Lindsey, biomechanical engineer at VA Palo Alto Health Care System, for his technical assistance with this project. T his work was funded by a VA Medical Merit Review Award and a VA Rehabilitation R &D Merit Review Award. 44 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-334 1 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2561 2572 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.070 1 12 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Appli ed Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiolo gy 823VW WOS:000295155800019 J Osera, C; Fassina, L; Amadio, M; Venturini, L; Buoso, E; Magenes, G; Gov
oni, S; Ricevuti, G; Pascale, A Osera, Cecilia; Fassina, Lorenzo; Amadio, Marialaura; Venturini, Letizia; Buoso, Erica; Magenes, Giovann i; Govoni, Stefano; Ricevuti, Giovanni; Pascale, Alessia Cytoprot ective Response Induced by Electromagnetic Stimulation on SH-SY5Y Human Neurobla stoma Cell Line TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A English Article AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; MAGNETIC-FIELD EXPOSURE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SAOS-2 O STEOBLASTS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; MECHANICAL CONTROL; UTILITY WORKERS; BREAST-C ANCER; KINASE-C; IN-VITRO It is well known that physiological functions an d pathological conditions of cells and tissues can be influenced not only by che mical molecules, but also by physical stimuli such as electromagnetic waves. In particular, epidemiological studies suggest possible associations between exposu re to electromagnetic fields and an increased risk of tumors and neurodegenerati ve disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. However, depending on the dose and on the length of treatment, the electromagnetic stimuli can be harmful or induce a cytoprotective cellular response, suggesting a possible application in medical therapy. In this study, under a tissue engineering viewpoint, we investigated th e effects of an electromagnetic wave (magnetic field intensity, 2 mT; frequency, 75 Hz) on a neuronal cellular model characterized by the overexpression of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). After a prolonged electromagnetic treatment, lo wer mitochondrial activity and proliferation rate, resulting in a higher cellula r quiescence, were observed. Focusing on the stress and oxidative pathways, we d etected an overall increase of two fundamental proteins, the chaperone heat shoc k protein HSP70 and the free radical scavenger superoxide dismutase-1 enzyme (SO D-1). Interestingly, we found that the electromagnetic stimulation promotes the nonamyloidogenic processing of APP through an increased expression of the alphasecretase ADAM10 and an enhanced release of the soluble neurotrophic factor sAPP alpha (a product of the ADAM10-mediated cleavage of APP). In conclusion, these findings suggest that the electromagnetic stimulus, if properly administered in terms of dose and timing, is able to induce a cytoprotective response in the cel l. Moreover, these results suggest a possible use of this particular physical st imulation to improve the functional capability of the cells to face noxae. [Osera, C; Amadio, M; Buoso, E; Govoni, S; Pascale, A] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Sci Farmaco, Sez Farmacol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; [Fassina, L; Magenes, G] Univ P avia, Dipartimento Informat & Sistemist, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; [Fassina, L; Mage nes, G] Univ Pavia, CIT, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; [Venturini, L; Ricevuti, G] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Med Interna & Terapia Med, Sez Gerontol & Geriatria, IDR S M argherita, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; [Venturini, L; Ricevuti, G] Univ Pavia, Lab Fis iopatol Cellulare & Immunol Clin, IRCCS S Matteo, I-27100 Pavia, Italy Pascale, A (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Sci Farmaco, Sez Farmacol, Viale T aramelli 14, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
[email protected] INAIL The authors are grateful to Dr. R. Cadossi and Dr. S. Setti, who presented us, g enerously, with the Biostim SPT pulse generator (Igea). This study was supported by INAIL Grant 2010 to Prof. G.R. 63 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10 801 USA 1937-3341 TISSUE ENG PT A Tissue Eng. Part A OCT 2011 17 19-20 2573 2582 10.1089/ ten.tea.2011.0071 10 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biote chnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Ap plied Microbiology 823VW WOS:000295155800020 J Zhang, LL; Zhang, J; Zhang, LM; Tang, WH Zhang, L. L.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, L. M.; Tang, W. H. Stability analys is of rainfall-induced slope failure: a review PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION O F CIVIL ENGINEERS-GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING English Article geotechnical engineering; risk & probability analysis; safety & hazards RESIDUAL SOIL SLOPE; LINEARIZED NONSTEADY INFILTRATION; GOUHOU ROCKFILL DAM; UNSATURATED SOILS; INDUCED LANDSLIDES; SURFICIAL STABILITY; WATER INFILTRATION; SHEAR-STREN GTH; MATRIC SUCTION; TEMPERATURE-CHANGES Rainfall is one of the most sign ificant triggering factors for slope failures in many regions around the world. Numerous research studies have been conducted to investigate infiltration of rai nwater into a slope, and the effect of water infiltration on slope stability. In
this paper, a review of existing research on infiltration analysis and slope st ability analysis under rainfall infiltration is presented. Studies on infiltrati on analysis with conceptual models, analytical analysis and numerical modelling are first reviewed. The typical pore water pressure profiles in the slope are th en discussed. Subsequently, recent developments in analyses of slope instabiliti es under rainfall conditions using the limit equilibrium method and coupled hydr o-mechanical modelling are summarised, and major findings on critical hydrologic al factors related to rainfall-induced landslides are summarised and discussed. Finally, several research topics are suggested for further study. [Zhang, LL] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Marine Geotech Res, Dept Civil Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China; [Zhang, J] Tongji Univ, Dept Geotech Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peo ples R China; [Zhang, J; Zhang, LM; Tang, WH] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Zhang, LL (repri nt author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Marine Geotech Res, Dept Civil Engn, Sh anghai, Peoples R China Natural Science Foundation of China[50809038]; S hanghai Educational Development Foundation[2008CG17]; PhD Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China[200802481128]; Shanghai Leading Academic Dis cipline Project[B208]; Research Grants Council (RGC) of the Hong Kong[622210] The work in this paper was substantially supported by grants from the Natural Sc ience Foundation of China (Project No. 50809038), the Shanghai Educational Devel opment Foundation (Project No. 2008CG17), the PhD Programs Foundation of the Min istry of Education of China (Project No. 200802481128), the Shanghai Leading Aca demic Discipline Project (Project No. B208) and the Research Grants Council (RGC ) of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region (Project No. 622210). 142 1 1 ICE PUBL LONDON 40 MARSH WALL, 2 FL, LONDON E14 9TP, ENGLAND 1353-2618 P I CIVIL ENG-GEOTEC Proc. Inst. Civi l Eng.-Geotech. Eng. OCT 2011 164 5 299 316 10.1680/geng.2011.164.5.299 18 Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Engineering; Geology 824DZ WOS:000295183800002 J Bovolenta, R Bovolenta, Rossella Settlement analysis of shallow foundations on sand PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTI TUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING English Article design methods & aids; foundations; geotechnical engineering STIFFNESS The evaluation of ground movements is one of the most important issues in geotec hnical engineering applications. In this context, the paper is aimed at predicti on of the load-settlement performance of shallow foundations by taking soil nonlinearity into account. The approach illustrated is based on the operational sti ffness concept, characterising field behaviour with reference to relative founda tion settlements, indicating pseudo-strain levels. A strain correction factor an d a modulus correction factor, relating laboratory and field stiffness degradati on curves, are introduced. Values of these factors are supplied on the basis of well-documented tests performed on Ticino sand, and can be adopted in elastic re lationships for the prediction of load-settlement curves. The procedure, develop ed in order to supply the designer with a practical tool, is described, and some applications are presented. Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Ingn Costruz Ambiente & Terr, Genoa, Italy Bovolenta, R (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Ingn Costruz Ambiente & Terr, Genoa, Italy 19 1 1 ICE PUBL LONDON 40 MARSH WALL, 2 FL, LONDON E14 9TP, ENGLAND 1353-2618 P I CIVIL ENG-GEOTEC Proc. Inst. Civi l Eng.-Geotech. Eng. OCT 2011 164 5 317 326 10.1680/geng.9.00048 10 Engineer ing, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary Engineering; Geology 824DZ WOS:000295183800003 J Haddad, OB; Moradi-Jalal, M; Marino, MA Haddad, Omid Bozorg; Moradi-Jalal, Mandi; Marino, Miguel A. Design-operation optimisation of run-of-river power plants PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION O F CIVIL ENGINEERS-WATER MANAGEMENT English Article economics & finance; matical modeling; renewable energy This paper addre sses a strategy for the optimal design, control and operation of small hydropowe
r (run-of-river (RoR) power) plants with the honey bee mating optimisation (HBMO ) algorithm, while taking into account optimal design of the associated penstock as well as the turbines' number, type and their operation in the system. Civil engineering and electromechanical cost-effectiveness and constraints in an expec ted stream flow are also considered. The optimisation is driven by an objective function that includes the annual difference between generated energy, operating costs and depreciation costs for both initial investment and operation costs, c onsidering various performance and hydraulic constraints. The HBMO algorithm spe cifies the annual benefit of generated energy and simultaneously determines the annualised operating cost. The solution includes selection of turbine types, num ber of turbines, penstock diameter, as well as scheduling the operation of an Ro R power plant that results in maximum annualised benefit for a given set of rive r inflow histograms. The results of the proposed algorithm, which are compared w ith those of an analytical approach using Lagrange multipliers (LM), highlight t he advantages in design, effective operation, ease of application and capability of the proposed HBMO algorithm for solving complex problems of this type. [Haddad, OB] Univ Tehran, Dept Irrigat & Reclamat Engn, Coll Agr & Nat Resources , Tehran, Iran; [Moradi-Jalal, M] Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, Toronto, ON, Ca nada; [Marino, MA] Univ Calif Davis, Hydrol Program, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA; [Marino, MA] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis , CA 95616 USA Haddad, OB (reprint author), Univ Tehran, Dept Irrigat & Reclama t Engn, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Tehran, Iran 15 1 1 ICE PUBL LONDON 40 MARSH WALL, 2 FL, LONDON E14 9TP, ENGLAND 1741-7589 P I CIVIL ENG-WAT M Proc. Inst. Civi l. Eng.-Water Manag. OCT 2011 164 9 463 475 10.1680/wama.2011.164.9.463 13 Engineering, Civil; Water Resources Engineering; Water Resources 824MM WOS:000295206000004 J Sally, ML; Richelle, SG; Aina, H; Carla, T; Helena, M; Sarah, EH; Philip , JT; Mark, N; Gregory, FS; Cecilia, MP; Steven, EM Sally, Lansley M.; Richelle, Searles G.; Aina, Hoi; Carla, Thomas; Helena, Monet a; Sarah, Herrick E.; Philip, Thompson J.; Mark, Newman; Gregory, Sterrett F.; C ecilia, Prele M.; Steven, Mutsaers E. Mesothelial cell differentiation into osteoblast- and adipocyte-like cells JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULA R MEDICINE English Article mesothelial cell; malignant mesothelioma; progenitor cell; osteoblast; bone; adi pocyte; cell differentiation; epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; tissue engin eering CARTILAGINOUS DIFFERENTIATION; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; MESENCHYMAL TRANS ITION; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; AVIAN EMBRYOS; STROMAL CELLS; IN-VITRO; BONE; TRANSF ORMATION; RAT Serosal pathologies including malignant mesothelioma (MM) can sh ow features of osseous and/or cartilaginous differentiation although the mechani sm for its formation is unknown. Mesothelial cells have the capacity to differen tiate into cells with myofibroblast, smooth muscle and endothelial cell characte ristics. Whether they can differentiate into other cell types is unclear. This s tudy tests the hypothesis that mesothelial cells can differentiate into cell lin eages of the embryonic mesoderm including osteoblasts and adipocytes. To examine this, a functional assay of bone formation and an adipogenic assay were perform ed in vitro with primary rat and human mesothelial cells maintained in osteogeni c or adipogenic medium (AM) for 0-26 days. Mesothelial cells expressed increasin g levels of alkaline phosphatase, an early marker of the osteoblast phenotype, a nd formed mineralized bone-like nodules. Mesothelial cells also accumulated lipi d indicative of a mature adipocyte phenotype when cultured in AM. All cells expr essed several key osteoblast and adipocyte markers, including osteoblast-specifi c runt-related transcription factor 2, and demonstrated changes in mRNA expressi on consistent with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, these st udies confirm that mesothelial cells have the capacity to differentiate into ost eoblast-and adipocyte-like cells, providing definitive evidence of their multipo tential nature. These data strongly support mesothelial cell differentiation as the potential source of different tissue types in MM tumours and other serosal p athologies, and add support for the use of mesothelial cells in regenerative the
rapies. [Sally, ML; Richelle, SG; Aina, H; Carla, T; Helena, M; Philip, JT; Ceci lia, MP; Steven, EM] Univ Western Australia, Lung Inst Western Australia, Nedlan ds, WA 6009, Australia; [Sally, ML; Richelle, SG; Aina, H; Carla, T; Helena, M; Philip, JT; Cecilia, MP; Steven, EM] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Asthma Allergy & Resp Res, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; [Helena, M] Murdoch Univ, Div Vet & Bi omed Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; [Sarah, EH] Univ Manchester, Fac Med & Hu man Sci, Sch Med, Manchester, Lancs, England; [Mark, N] Sir Charles Gairdner Hos p, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Perth, WA, Australia; [Gregory, FS] Univ Western Aust ralia, Dept Pathol, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia Steven, EM (reprint auth or), Sir Charles Gairdner Hosp, Lung Inst Western Australia, Ground Floor E Bloc k, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
[email protected] Heart Foundation ; National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia[353554]; Lung Instit ute of Western Australia We thank Mr. Pierre Filion (PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA) for help with the TEM, Dr. Kathy Heel, Centre for Microscopy, Chara cterization and Analysis, University of Western Australia, for assistance with c ell sorting and Dr. Stuart Hodgetts, University of Western Australia for provisi on of the CD90 antibody. This work was supported by grants from the Heart Founda tion and National Health and Medical Research Council (grant no. 353554) of Aust ralia and S. M. L. was supported by an Australian Commonwealth Postgraduate Awar d (and Lung Institute of Western Australia top up award). 43 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1582-1838 J CELL MOL MED J. Cell. Mol. Med. OCT 2011 15 10 2095 2105 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01212.x 11 Cell Biology; Me dicine, Research & Experimental Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine 824RD WOS:000295218800008 J Lange, P; Fishman, JM; Elliott, MJ; De Coppi, P; Birchall, MA Lange, Peggy; Fishman, Jonathan M.; Elliott, Martin J.; De Coppi, Paolo; Birchal l, Martin A. What Can Regenerative Medicine Offer for Infants with La ryngotracheal Agenesis? OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY English Review fetal; tissue engineering; laryn gotracheal agenesis; amniotic fluid stem cells; regenerative medicine; airway ma lformations TISSUE-ENGINEERED TRACHEA; AIRWAY-OBSTRUCTION SYNDROME; PRECLINI CAL REGULATORY VALIDATION; CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC-HERNIA; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CEL LS; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; IN-VITRO; PERINATAL MANAGEMENT; COLLAGEN S CAFFOLD Background. Laryngotracheal agenesis is a rare congenital disorder but h as devastating consequences. Recent achievements in regenerative medicine have o pened up new vistas in therapeutic strategies for these infants. Objective. To p rovide a state-of-the-art review concerning recent achievements in tissue engine ering as applied to fetal airway reconstruction and to discuss the use of autolo gous human amniotic stem cells to prepare organs in advance for babies with lary ngotracheal agenesis. Data Sources and Review Methods. A structured search of th e current literature (up to and including June 2011). The authors searched PubMe d, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, BIOSIS Previews, Cambridge Scientific Abstrac ts, ICTRP, and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. Results. Over the past 15 years, progress has been made in advancing the boundaries of r egenerative medicine from the laboratory to the clinical setting through transla tional research. Most experience has been gained with adult stem cells and synth etic materials or decellularized scaffolds. The optimal cell source for fetal ti ssue engineering remains to be determined, but a combination of decellularized s caffolds and amniotic fluid stem cells holds great promise for fetal tissue engi neering. Conclusions and Implications for Practice. Current treatment strategies for laryngotracheal agenesis are suboptimal, and fetal tissue engineering offer s an alternative to conventional treatments. Use of human amniotic fluid stem ce lls for preparing autologous tissue-engineered organ constructs prenatally is an attractive concept. Although this approach is still in its experimental stages, further preclinical and clinical studies are encouraged to define its exact rol e in the pediatric laryngological setting. [Lange, P; Fishman, JM; Birchall , MA] UCL Ear Inst, London WC1X 8EE, England; [Lange, P; Fishman, JM; De Coppi, P] UCL Inst Child Hlth, London, England; [Elliott, MJ] Great Ormond St Hosp Sick
Children, Natl Serv Severe Tracheal Dis Children, London WC1N 3JH, England Lange, P (reprint author), UCL Ear Inst, 330 Grays Inn Rd, London WC1X 8EE, Engl and
[email protected] 89 0 0 SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD LONDON 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1 Y 1SP, ENGLAND 0194-5998 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK Otolaryngol. Hea d Neck Surg. OCT 2011 145 4 544 550 10.1177/0194599811419083 7 Otorhino laryngology; Surgery Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery 824VR WOS:000295230800 005 J Ahren, B Ahren, B. The futu re of incretin-based therapy: novel avenues-novel targets DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM English Review CCK; DPP-4 inhibitors; GIP; GLP-1 analogues; GLP-1 receptor agonists; incretin-b ased therapy GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1; HIGH-FAT DIET; GASTRIC-INHIBITORY POLYP EPTIDE; STIMULATED INSULIN-SECRETION; RECEPTOR AGONISTS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; GENETHERAPY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ISLET FUNCTION Incretin-based t herapy for type 2 diabetes is based on the antidiabetic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and instituted by GLP-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl pept idase-4 inhibitors targeting the key islet defects of the disease. The treatment is clinically efficient and safe, and associated with a low risk of adverse eve nts. It can be used both in early and late stages of the disease and both as mon otherapy and add-on to other therapies. Current research on the future of incret in-based therapy focuses on optimizing its place in diabetes treatment and exami nes its potential in type 1 diabetes, in subjects with obesity without type 2 di abetes and in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. Other studies aim at prolonging the duration of action of the GLP-1 receptor agonists to allow wee kly administration, and to develop orally GLP-1 receptor agonists. Furthermore, other investigators focus on stimulation of GLP-1 secretion by activating GLP-1producing L-cells or using gene therapy. Finally, also other gastro-entero-pancr eatic bioactive peptides are potential targets for drug development as are synth etic peptides engineered as co-agonists stimulating more than one receptor. We c an therefore expect a dynamic development within this field in the coming years. Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden Ahren, B (reprint author ), Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Lund, B11 BMC, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden Bo.Ahren @med.lu.se AstraZeneca; Merck; Novartis; Novo Nordisk Foundation The auth or discloses receipts of honoraria for lectures from and/or memberships in advis ory boards for AstraZeneca, GSK, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi Av entis and Servier, receipt of research grants from AstraZeneca, Merck and Novart is, and membership of board of the Novo Nordisk Foundation. 72 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1462-8902 DIABETES OBES METAB Diabetes Obes. M etab. OCT 2011 13 1 158 166 9 Endocrinology & Metabolism Endocrinology & Metabolism 826HE WOS:000295344400022 J Tuduri, E; Kieffer, TJ Tuduri, E.; Kieffer, T. J. Reprogramming gut and pancreas endocrine cells to treat diabetes DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM English Review AAV; alpha-cells; beta-cells; diabetes; gene delivery; K cells; L cells GLUCAGON -LIKE PEPTIDE-1; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; INSULIN-SECRETING CELLS; ENGINEERED K-CELLS; BETA-CELLS; ISLET TRANSPLANTATION; GENE-TRANSFER; NOD MICE; GLUCOSE-TOL ERANCE; PROGENITOR CELLS Multiple approaches have been investigated with the ultimate goal of providing insulin independence to patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Approaches to produce insulin-secreting cells in culture, convert non-beta-cells into functional beta-cells or engineer autologous cells to express and secrete insulin in a meal-responsive manner have all been describ ed. This research has been facilitated by significant improvements in both viral and non-viral gene delivery approaches that have enabled new experimental strat egies. Many studies have examined possible avenues to confer islet cytoprotectio n against immune rejection, inflammation and apoptosis by genetic manipulation o f islet cells prior to islet transplantation. Here we review several reports bas
ed on the reprogramming of pancreas and gut endocrine cells to treat diabetes. [Tuduri, E; Kieffer, TJ] Univ British Columbia, Dept Cellular & Physiol Sci, Ins t Life Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; [Kieffer, TJ] Univ British Columbia, Dept Surg, Inst Life Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada Kieffer, TJ (reprint aut hor), Univ British Columbia, Dept Cellular & Physiol Sci, Inst Life Sci, 2350 Hl th Sci Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
[email protected] Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR); Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA ) T. J. K. is the recipient of a senior scholarship from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR). E. T. is a recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from the MSFHR and the Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA). 75 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1462-8902 DIABETES OBES METAB Diabetes Obes. Metab. OCT 2011 13 1 53 59 7 Endocrinology & Metabolism Endocrinology & Metabolism 826HE WOS:000295344400009 J Ren, GQ; Ahmed, E; Jenekhe, SA Ren, Guoqiang; A hmed, Eilaf; Jenekhe, Samson A. Non-Fullerene Acceptor-Based Bulk Hetero junction Polymer Solar Cells: Engineering the Nanomorphology via Processing Addi tives ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS English Article LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAI CS; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY; MORPHOLOGY; BLEND; POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); METHANOF ULLERENES The performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells made from ble nds of a non-fullerene acceptor, N,N'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,6-bis(5 ''-hexyl-[2,2' ;5',2 ''] terthiophen-5yl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalene diimide (NDI-3TH), and poly(3-hex ylthiophene) (P3HT) donor is enhanced 10-fold by using a processing additive in conjunction with an electron-blocking and a hole-blocking buffer layers. The pow er conversion efficiency of P3HT:NDI-3TH solar cells improves from 0.14% to 1.5% by using a processing additive (1,8-diiodooctane) at an optimum concentration o f 0.2 vol%, which is far below the 2-3 vol% optimum concentrations found in poly mer/fullerene systems. TEM and AFM imaging show that the size and connectivity o f the NDI-3TH domains in the phase-separated P3HT:NDI-3TH blends vary strongly w ith the concentration of the processing additive. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that processing additives can be effective in the optimization of the morphology and performance of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells bas ed on nonfullerene acceptors. [Ren, GQ; Ahmed, E; Jenekhe, SA] Univ Washington , Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA; [Ren, GQ; Ahmed, E; Jenekhe, SA] Univ W ashington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA Jenekhe, SA (reprint author), Un iv Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[email protected] U.S. DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science[DE-FG02-07ER46467 ]; ONR[N00014-11-1-0317] Our report is based on research (excitonic solar cells) supported by the U.S. DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science, under Award No. DE-FG02-07ER46467. The synthesis and characterization o f the non-fullerene acceptor materials (NDI-3TH) was supported by ONR (N00014-11 -1-0317). Part of this work was conducted at the UW NanoTech User Facility, a me mber of the NSF National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN). 60 0 0 WILEY PERIODICALS, INC MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN, MA 02148-529 USA 1614-6832 ADV ENERGY MATER Adv. Energy Mater. OCT 2011 1 5 946 953 10.1002/aenm.201100285 8 Chemistr y, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Appl ied; Physics, Condensed Matter Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Ph ysics 823QZ WOS:000295140100033 J David, R; Jarsch, VB; Schwarz, F; Nathan, P; Gegg, M; Lickert, H; Franz, WM David, Robert; Jarsch, Veronica Barbara; Schwarz , Florian; Nathan, Petra; Gegg, Moritz; Lickert, Heiko; Franz, Wolfgang-Michael Induction of MesP1 by Brachyury(T) generates the common multipotent cardiovascul ar stem cell CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH English Article MesP1; Brachyury(T); Pluripotent stem cells; Embryogenesis; Cardiovasculogenesis IN-VITRO; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; DEFINED FACTORS; DIFFERENTIATION; CARDIOMYOCYTES; H EART; MOUSE; MESODERM; CARDIOMYOGENESIS; SPECIFICATION Aims Our recent work dem
onstrated that common cardiovascular progenitor cells are characterized and indu ced by the expression of the transcription factor mesoderm posterior1 (MesP1) in vertebrate embryos and murine embryonic stem cells. As the proliferative potent ial of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes is limited, it is crucial to understand how MesP1 expression is mediated in order to achieve reasonable and reliable yie lds for novel stem cell-based therapeutic options. As potential upstream regulat ors of MesP1, we therefore analysed Eomes and Brachyury(T), which had been contr oversially discussed as being crucial for cardiovasculogenic lineage formation. Methods and results Wild-type and transgenic murine embryonic stem cell lines, m RNA analyses, embryoid body formation, and cell sorting revealed that the MesP1 positive population emerges from the Brachyury(T) positive fraction. In situ hyb ridizations using wild-type mouse embryos confirmed that Brachyury(T) colocalise s with MesP1 in vivo. Likewise, shRNA-based loss of Brachyury(T) causes a dramat ic decrease in MesP1 expression accompanied by reduced cardiac markers in differ entiating embryonic stem cells, which is reflected in vivo via in situ hybridiza tions using Brachyury(T) knock-out embryos where MesP1 mRNA is greatly abolished . We finally defined a 3.4 kb proximal MesP1-promoter fragment which is directly bound and activated by Brachyury(T) via a T responsive element as shown via ban dshift, chromatin immuneprecipitation, and reporter assays. Conclusion Our work contributes to the understanding of the earliest cardiovasculogenic events and m ay become an important prerequisite for cell therapy, tissue engineering, and ph armacological testing in the culture dish using pluripotent stem cell-derived as well as directly reprogrammed cardiovascular cell types. [David, R; Jarsc h, VB; Schwarz, F; Nathan, P; Franz, WM] Univ Munich, Klinikum Grosshadern, Med Klin & Poliklin 1, D-81377 Munich, Germany; [Gegg, M; Lickert, H] GSF Natl Res C tr Environm & Hlth, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany David, R (reprint author), Univ Munich, Klinikum Grosshadern, Med Klin & Poliklin 1, Marchioninistr 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
[email protected];
[email protected] n.de DFG[FR 705/11-3]; LMU Munich; Fritz-Bender-Stiftung; Helmholtz Society; ERC R.D. and C. G. are funded by the DFG (FR 705/11-3). V.J. is funded by th e FoFoLe program of the LMU Munich. P.N. is funded by the Fritz-Bender-Stiftung. H. L. is supported by the Helmholtz Society, an ERC starting grant and an EmmyNoether Fellowship of the DFG. Additional funding was granted by the Dr Helmut L egerlotz-Stiftung for FACS and consumables. 41 0 0 OXFORD UNIV PRESS OXFORD GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND 0008-6363 CARDIOVASC RES Cardiovasc. Res. OCT 1 2011 92 1 115 122 10.1093/cvr/cvr1 58 8 Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems Cardiova scular System & Cardiology 821IT WOS:000294969000016 J Jacobs, A; Ford, K; Kretschmer, J; Tester, M Jacobs, Andrew; Ford, Kristina; Kretschmer, Jodie; Tester, Mark Rice pla nts expressing the moss sodium pumping ATPase PpENA1 maintain greater biomass pr oduction under salt stress PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL English Article salinity; tolerance; rice; Physc omitrella; sodium pumping ATPase; abiotic stress ORYZA-SATIVA L.; VACUOLA R NA+/H+ ANTIPORTER; PHYSCOMITRELLA-PATENS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SALINITY TOLER ANCE; RESISTANT MUTANTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DRAFT SEQUENCE; DROUGHT; OVEREXPRESS ION High cytosolic concentrations of Na(+) inhibit plant growth and developm ent. To maintain low cytosolic concentrations of Na(+), higher plants use membra ne-bound transporters that drive the efflux of Na(+) or partition Na(+) ions fro m the cytosol, either to the extracellular compartment or into the vacuole. Bryo phytes also use an energy-dependent Na(+) pumping ATPase, not found in higher pl ants, to efflux Na(+). To investigate whether this transporter can increase the salt tolerance of crop plants, Oryza sativa has been transformed with the Physco mitrella patens Na(+) pumping ATPase (PpENA1). When grown in solutions containin g 50 mM NaCl, plants constitutively expressing the PpENA1 gene are more salt tol erant and produce greater biomass than controls. Transgenics and controls accumu late similar amounts of Na(+) in leaf and root tissues under stress, which indic ates that the observed tolerance is not because of Na(+) exclusion. Moreover, in ductively coupled plasma analysis reveals that the concentration of other ions i
n the transformants and the controls is similar. The transgenic lines are develo pmentally normal and fertile, and the transgene expression levels remain stable in subsequent generations. GFP reporter fusions, which do not alter the ability of PpENA1 to complement a salt-sensitive yeast mutant, indicate that when it is expressed in plant tissues, the PpENA1 protein is located in the plasma membrane . PpENA1 peptides are found in plasma membrane fractions supporting the plasma m embrane targeting. The results of this study demonstrate the utility of PpENA1 a s a potential tool for engineering salinity tolerance in important crop species. [Jacobs, A; Kretschmer, J; Tester, M] Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Austra lian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia; [Ford, K] Univ Melbourne , Sch Bot, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Jacobs, A (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Australian Ctr Plant Fun ct Genom, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
[email protected]. au Australian Research Council; Grains Research and Development Corporation ; South Australian Government We thank Stuart Roy, Matthew Gilliham and Christ ina Morris for critical reading of the manuscript; Christina Lunde and Juan Jutt ner for helpful discussions about project directions; Marilyn Henderson for conf ocal microscopy work; and Melissa Pickering, Olivier Cotsaftis, Alex Johnson and Darren Plett for advice and help with technical aspects of the project. The ACP FG is funded through grants from the Australian Research Council, Grains Researc h and Development Corporation and the South Australian Government. 51 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1467-7644 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J Plant Bi otechnol. J. OCT 2011 9 8 838 847 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00594.x 10 Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences 822JW WOS:000295042200003 J Ross, HA; Morris, WL; Ducreux, LJM; Hancock, RD; Verrall, SR; Morris, JA ; Tucker, GA; Stewart, D; Hedley, PE; McDougall, GJ; Taylor, MA Ross, Heather A.; Morris, Wayne L.; Ducreux, Laurence J. M.; Hancock, Robert D.; Verrall, Susan R.; Morris, Jenny A.; Tucker, Gregory A.; Stewart, Derek; Hedley , Pete E.; McDougall, Gordon J.; Taylor, Mark A. Pectin engineeri ng to modify product quality in potato PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL English Article cell wall; pectin; pecti n methyl esterase; potato; texture; tuber CELL-WALL; METHYL ESTERASE; TUBE ROSUM; EXPRESSION; TOMATO; GENE; METHYLESTERASE; GROWTH; PECTINESTERASE; TEXTURE Although processed potato tuber texture is an important trait that influences co nsumer preference, a detailed understanding of tuber textural properties at the molecular level is lacking. Previous work has identified tuber pectin methyl est erase (PME) activity as a potential factor impacting on textural properties, and the expression of a gene encoding an isoform of PME (PEST1) was associated with cooked tuber textural properties. In this study, a transgenic approach was unde rtaken to investigate further the impact of the PEST1 gene. Antisense and over-e xpressing potato lines were generated. In over-expressing lines, tuber PME activ ity was enhanced by up to 2.3-fold; whereas in antisense lines, PME activity was decreased by up to 62%. PME isoform analysis indicated that the PEST1 gene enco ded one isoform of PME. Analysis of cell walls from tubers from the over-express ing lines indicated that the changes in PME activity resulted in a decrease in p ectin methylation. Analysis of processed tuber texture demonstrated that the red uced level of pectin methylation in the over-expressing transgenic lines was ass ociated with a firmer processed texture. Thus, there is a clear link between PME activity, pectin methylation and processed tuber textural properties. [Ross, H A; Morris, WL; Hancock, RD; Verrall, SR; Stewart, D; McDougall, GJ; Taylor, MA] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Plant Prod & Food Qual Programme, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotla nd; [Ducreux, LJM; Morris, JA; Hedley, PE] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Genet Program me, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland; [Tucker, GA] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biosci, Loughbor ough, Leics, England Taylor, MA (reprint author), Scottish Crop Res Inst, Pla nt Prod & Food Qual Programme, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland
[email protected] Scottish Government Rural and Environment Research and Analysis Directorate; EUSOL[PL 016214] The financial support of the Scottish Government Rural and Envir
onment Research and Analysis Directorate is gratefully acknowledged as is the co funding from EU-SOL project number PL 016214. We acknowledge the technical suppo rt of Kasia Goszcz and Dominic Grussu. 41 0 0 WILEY-BL ACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1467-764 4 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J Plant Biotechnol. J. OCT 2011 9 8 848 856 10.1111/j.1467-7 652.2011.00591.x 9 Biotechnology & Applied Microbio logy; Plant Sciences Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences 822JW WOS:000295042200004 J Sanjaya; Durrett, TP; Weise, SE; Benning, C Sanjaya; Durrett, Timothy P.; Weise, Sean E.; Benning, Christoph Increasing the energy density of vegetative tissues by diverting carbon from sta rch to oil biosynthesis in transgenic Arabidopsis PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOUR NAL English Article ADP-gluc ose pyrophosphorylase; biofuels; carbon partitioning; primary metabolism; starch ; triacylglycerol; WRINKLED1 ADP-GLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE; FATTY-ACID BIOSYN THESIS; DEVELOPING SEEDS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACCUMULATION; THALIANA; WRINKLED1; PR OTEIN; SUGAR; METABOLISM Increasing the energy density of biomass by engi neering the accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in vegetative tissues is syn ergistic with efforts to produce biofuels by conversion of lignocellulosic bioma ss. Typically, TAG accumulates in developing seeds, and little is known about th e regulatory mechanisms and control factors preventing oil biosynthesis in veget ative tissues in most plants. Here, we engineered Arabidopsis thaliana to ectopi cally overproduce the transcription factor WRINKLED1 (WRI1) involved in the regu lation of seed oil biosynthesis. Furthermore, we reduced the expression of APS1 encoding a major catalytic isoform of the small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosp horylase involved in starch biosynthesis using an RNAi approach. The resulting A GPRNAi-WRI1 lines accumulated less starch and more hexoses. In addition, these l ines produced 5.8-fold more oil in vegetative tissues than plants with WRI1 or A GPRNAi alone. Abundant oil droplets were visible in vegetative tissues. TAG mole cular species contained long-chain fatty acids, similar to those found in seed o ils. In AGPRNAi-WRI1 lines, the relative expression level of sucrose synthase 2 was considerably elevated and correlated with the level of sugars. The relative expression of the genes encoding plastidic proteins involved in de novo fatty ac id synthesis, biotin carboxyl carrier protein isoform 2 and acyl carrier protein 1, was also elevated. The relative contribution of TAG compared to starch to th e overall energy density increased 9.5-fold in one AGPRNAi-WRI1 transgenic line consistent with altered carbon partitioning from starch to oil. [Sanjaya; Weise, SE; Benning, C] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 488 24 USA; [Sanjaya; Durrett, TP; Weise, SE; Benning, C] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA; [Durrett, TP] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA Benning, C (reprint author), Mic higan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA benning@ msu.edu USDA-CSREES, United States Department of Agriculture[2005-35504-16195]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Cooperative Agreement[DE-FC02-07ER6449 4] The authors thank John Ohlrogge and Thomas D. Sharkey for useful discuss ions, Brandon Guelette and Katie Dunten for technical assistance, and Rachel Mil ler for critically reading the MS. We also thank Melinda Frame for assistance wi th confocal microscopy (Center for Advanced Microscopy, Michigan State Universit y). ESI-MS analyses were carried out in the Mass Spectrometry Facility at Michig an State University. TPD was funded in part by USDA-CSREES grant number 2005-355 04-16195 from the United States Department of Agriculture. This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Cooperative Agreement DE-FC02-0 7ER64494. 48 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1467-7644 PLANT BI OTECHNOL J Plant Biotechnol. J. OCT 2011 9 8 874 883 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00599.x 10 Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences 822JW WOS:000295042200007 J Mittelstedt, C; Erdmann, H; Schroder, KU
Mittelstedt, Christian; Erdmann, Henrike; Schroeder, Kai-Uwe Postbuck ling of imperfect rectangular composite plates under inplane shear closed-form a pproximate solutions ARCHIVE OF APPLIED MECHANICS English Article Composites; Laminates; Buckling; Postbuckling; Stability; Shear LAMINATED PLATES ; STIFFENED PANELS; COMPRESSION; BEHAVIOR In this paper, the postbuckling behavior of rectangular orthotropic laminated composite plates with initial impe rfections under inplane shear load is investigated in a closed-form analytical m anner. The plates under consideration are assumed to be infinitely long in the l ongitudinal direction. At the longitudinal edges, two different sets of boundary conditions are considered, specifically 1) simply supported edges and 2) fully clamped edges. Using Timoshenko-type shape functions for both the initial bifurc ational buckling analysis and the subsequent Marguerre-type postbuckling studies , closed-form analytical solutions for the buckling loads and for the postbuckli ng state variables are derived. A comparison with geometrically non-linear finit e element computations shows that the derived analysis approaches are suitable f or postbuckling studies in load ranges not too far beyond bifurcational buckling as they are currently relevant for e.g., composite airframe structural analysis and design. Due to their strictly closed-form analytical nature, the presented analysis methods can be used conveniently in engineering practice for all applic ation purposes where computational time is a crucial factor, especially for prel iminary analysis and design or optimization procedures. [Mittelstedt, C; Erdmann , H] ELAN GmbH, D-21079 Hamburg, Germany; [Schroder, KU] Johannes Kepler Univ Li nz, A-4040 Linz, Austria Mittelstedt, C (reprint author), ELAN GmbH, Karn app 25, D-21079 Hamburg, Germany
[email protected] 43 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0939-1533 ARCH APPL MECH Arch. Appl. Mech. OCT 2011 81 10 1409 1426 10.1007/s00419-010-0491-y 18 Mechanics Mechanic s 821FD WOS:000294959400005 J Gantt, RW; Peltier-Pain, P; Cournoyer, WJ; Thorson, JS Gantt, Richard W.; Peltier-Pain, Pauline; Cournoyer, William J.; Thorson, Jon S. Using simple donors to drive the equilibria of glycosyltransferase-catalyzed rea ctions NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY English Article NATURAL-PRODUCT GLYCODIVERSIFICATION; IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION; DIRECTED EVOLUT ION; MACROLIDE GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES; CHEMOENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS; SUGAR BIOSYNTHESI S; GLYCORANDOMIZATION; GLYCOSYLATION; REVERSIBILITY; OLIGOSACCHARIDES We repor t that simple glycoside donors can drastically shift the equilibria of glycosylt ransferase-catalyzed reactions, transforming NDP-sugar formation from an endothe rmic to an exothermic process. To demonstrate the utility of this thermodynamic adaptability, we highlight the glycosyltransferase-catalyzed synthesis of 22 sug ar nucleotides from simple aromatic sugar donors, as well as the corresponding i n situ formation of sugar nucleotides as a driving force in the context of glyco syltransferase-catalyzed reactions for small-molecule glycodiversification. Thes e simple aromatic donors also enabled a general colorimetric assay for glycosylt ransfer, applicable to drug discovery, protein engineering and other fundamental sugar nucleotide-dependent investigations. This study directly challenges the g eneral notion that NDP-sugars are 'high-energy' sugar donors when taken out of t heir traditional biological context. [Gantt, RW; Peltier-Pain, P; Cournoyer, WJ; Thorson, JS] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Div Pharmaceut Sci, Wisconsin Ctr Na t Prod Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA Thorson, JS (reprint author), Univ Wisco nsin, Sch Pharm, Div Pharmaceut Sci, Wisconsin Ctr Nat Prod Res, 425 N Charter S t, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[email protected] US National Inst itutes of Health[AI52218] This manuscript is dedicated to the late C. Rich ard Hutchinson for his pioneering contributions to engineered natural product gl ycosylation. We thank the School of Pharmacy Analytical Instrumentation Center ( University of Wisconsin-Madison) for analytical support and G.J. Williams (North Carolina State University) for materials and helpful discussion. R. W. G. is an American Foundation for Pharmaceutical Education -Pre-Doctoral Fellow. J.S.T. i s a University of Wisconsin H. I. Romnes Fellow and holds the Laura and Edward K remers Chair in Natural Products. This work was supported by US National Institu
tes of Health grant AI52218. 46 1 1 NATURE PUBLISHIN G GROUP NEW YORK 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA 1552-4450 NAT CHEM BIOL Nat. Chem. Biol. OCT 2011 7 10 685 691 10.1038/NCHEMBIO .638 7 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Biochemi stry & Molecular Biology 822EQ WOS:000295027100012 J Pikovskaya, O; Polonskaia, A; Patel, DJ; Serganov, A Pikovskaya, Olga; Polonskaia, Anna; Patel, Dinshaw J.; Serganov, Alexander Structural principles of nucleoside selectivity in a 2 '-deoxyguanosine riboswit ch NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY English Article GUANINE-SENSING RIBOSWITCH; APTAMER DOMAIN; PURINE RIBOSWITCH; S-ADENOSYLMETHION INE; LIGAND-BINDING; ADENINE RIBOSWITCH; GENE-EXPRESSION; INDUCED FIT; RNA; RECO GNITION Purine riboswitches have an essential role in genetic regulation of bact erial metabolism. This family includes the 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) riboswitch, wh ich is involved in feedback control of deoxyguanosine biosynthesis. To understan d the principles that define dG selectivity, we determined crystal structures of the natural Mesoplasma florum riboswitch bound to cognate dG as well as to nonc ognate guanosine, deoxyguanosine monophosphate and guanosine monophosphate. Comp arison with related purine riboswitch structures reveals that the dG riboswitch achieves its specificity through modification of key interactions involving the nucleobase and rearrangement of the ligand-binding pocket to accommodate the add itional sugar moiety. In addition, we observe new conformational changes beyond the junctional binding pocket extending as far as peripheral loop-loop interacti ons. It appears that re-engineering riboswitch scaffolds will require considerat ion of selectivity features dispersed throughout the riboswitch tertiary fold, a nd structure-guided drug design efforts targeted to junctional RNA scaffolds nee d to be addressed within such an expanded framework. [Pikovskaya, O; Polonska ia, A; Patel, DJ; Serganov, A] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Struct Biol Program , New York, NY 10021 USA Serganov, A (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, New York, NY 10016 USA
[email protected]; alexander.serganov@nyu mc.org US Department of Energy; US National Institutes of Health[GM66354] We thank the personnel of beamline X29 at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, fu nded by the US Department of Energy, for assistance in data collection. We thank O. Ouerfelli (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York) for the synthes is of iridium hexamine and E. Ennifar (Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellu laire, Strasbourg) for the discussion of the refinement strategy. D.J.P. was sup ported by funds from the US National Institutes of Health grant GM66354. 50 1 1 NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP NEW YORK 75 VARICK ST, 9T H FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA 1552-4450 NAT CHEM BIOL Nat. Chem. Biol. OCT 2011 7 10 748 755 10.1038/NCHEMBIO.631 8 Biochemi stry & Molecular Biology Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 822EQ WOS:000295027100019 J Myny, D; Van Goubergen, D; Gobert, M; Vanderwee, K; Van Hecke, A; Defloo r, T Myny, Dries; Van Goubergen, Dirk; Gobert, Michel ine; Vanderwee, Katrien; Van Hecke, Ann; Defloor, Tom Non-direct patie nt care factors influencing nursing workload: a review of the literature JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING English Review hospitals; integrative review; nursing; theoretical models; workload QUESTION NAIRE SURVEY; NURSES PERCEPTIONS; REGISTERED NURSES; JOB-SATISFACTION; HOSPITAL NURSES; INTENSIVE-CARE; OUTCOMES; DETERMINANTS; ORGANIZATION; BURNOUT Aims. Th e aim of this paper was to detect which non-direct patient care factors are rela ted to nursing workload in acute hospital nursing care and to develop a conceptu al model to describe the relationship between the non-direct patient care factor s and nursing workload. Background. Since the 1930s, efforts to measure nursing workload have been undertaken. Still, it remains unclear which of the non-direct patient care elements are essential to the nursing workload. Data sources. PubM ed, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Engine ering Village 2, Elin and the British Nursing Index were searched from 1970 up t o July 2009. Review methods. Studies were included in this integrative review if
they described factors that are related to nursing workload or if they presente d models that explored the association between potential factors, excluding the factors related to direct patient care. Results. Thirty publications were includ ed. The influencing variables were classified in five categories based on their level of impact: the hospital and ward, nursing team, individual nurse, patient and family and meta-characteristics. The variables were also classified, based o n their cause-effect relationship. Some factors have a direct impact on the pati ent-nurse relationship, while others have an effect on the work fluency or on th e subjective perception of the nursing workload. A conceptual model was built, b ased on the interaction between both classifications and derived from the system s theory. Conclusions. Nursing workload has a multi-causal aetiology. The influe ncing factors from this review can be integrated in a workload measurement tool. [Myny, D] Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Nursing, Ghent, Belgium; [Van Goubergen, D] Univ Ghent, Dept Ind Management, Ghent, Belgium; [Gobert, M] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Hlth & Soc, Nursing Sci Res Grp, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; [Vanderwee, K; V an Hecke, A; Defloor, T] Univ Ghent, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Ghent, Belgium Myny, D (reprint author), Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Nursing, Ghent, Belgium dries.myny@uzgen t.be Belgian Science Policy; Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment The authors are grateful to the Belgian Science Policy a nd the Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment for fund ing this study. However, the views expressed are the authors' alone. 79 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 0309-2402 J ADV NURS J. Adv. Nurs. OCT 2011 67 10 2109 2129 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05689.x 21 Nursing Nursing 822EH WOS:000295026200004 J van Heerden, A; van Zyl, WH; Cruywagen, CW; Mouton, M; Botha, A van Heerden, Andrea; van Zyl, Willem H.; Cruywagen, Christiaan W.; Mouton, Marne l; Botha, Alfred The Lignicolous Fungus Coniochaeta pulveracea an d Its Interactions with Syntrophic Yeasts from the Woody Phylloplane MICROBIA L ECOLOGY English Article DEGRADING ENZYMES; CELLULOSE; GROWTH; HEMICELLULOSES; DEGRADATION; ASCOMYCETE The yeast-like fungus Coniochaeta pulveracea was studied with regard to its nove l lignocellulolytic activities and the possible effect thereof on yeasts from th e woody phylloplane. An enrichment procedure was used to isolate C. pulveracea f rom a decaying Acacia tree, and the identity of the isolate was confirmed using morphology, as well as molecular and phylogenetic techniques. This isolate, as w ell as strains representing C. pulveracea from different geographical regions, w ere compared with regard to optimum growth temperature and enzyme activity to re presentatives of closely related species. These include strains of Coniochaeta b oothii, Coniochaeta rhopalochaeta, and Coniochaeta subcorticalis. Plate assays f or cellulase and xylanase activity indicated that all representatives of the abo ve-mentioned species were able to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and w ere also able to degrade birchwood toothpicks during a 50-day incubation period at 30A degrees C. To test the ability of these fungi and their enzymes to releas e simple sugars from complex cellulosic substrates, filtrates obtained from liqu id cultures of Coniochaeta, cultivated on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as sole carbon source, were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography analys is. Consequently, the presence of mono- and disaccharides such as glucose and ce llobiose was confirmed in these culture filtrates. Two subsequent experiments we re conducted to determine whether these simple sugars released from woody materi al by Coniochaeta may enhance growth of phylloplane yeasts. In the first experim ent, representatives of Coniochaeta were co-cultured with selected yeasts suspen ded in agar plates containing birchwood toothpicks, followed by examination of p lates for colony formation. Results indicated that Coniochaeta growth on the too thpicks enhanced growth of nearby yeast colonies in the agar plates. In the seco nd experiment, representatives of selected yeasts and Coniochaeta species were c o-cultured on CMC and xylan-containing plates where after yeast colony formation was recorded on the plates. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, engineered to uti lize specific wood degradation products, i.e., cellobiose or xylose, as sole car
bon source were used as positive controls. While it was found that cellobiose re leased from CMC was assimilated by the yeasts, no evidence could be obtained tha t xylose released from xylan was used as carbon source by the yeasts. These ambi guous results could be ascribed to secretion of nutritious metabolic end product s, other than the products of fungal xylanases. [Botha, A] Univ Stellenbosch, De pt Microbiol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa; [van Heerden, A; van Zyl, WH; Mou ton, M; Botha, A] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Microbiol, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa; [Cruywagen, CW] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Anim Sci, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa Botha, A (reprint author), Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Microbiol, Pr ivate Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa
[email protected] 35 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0095-3628 MICROB ECOL Microb. Ecol. OCT 2011 62 3 609 619 10.1007/ s00248-011-9869-9 11 Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Bio logy; Microbiology Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Bi ology; Microbiology 821GP WOS:000294963300011 J Baudis, S; Nehl, F; Ligon, SC; Nigisch, A; Bergmeister, H; Bernhard, D; Stampfl, J; Liska, R Baudis, Stefan; Nehl, Franziska; Ligon, S. Clark; Nigisch, Anneliese; Bergmeister, Helga; Bernhard, David; Stamp fl, Juergen; Liska, Robert Elastomeric degradable biomaterials by p hotopolymerization-based CAD-CAM for vascular tissue engineering BIOMEDIC AL MATERIALS English Article MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; REACTIVE DILUENTS; BYPASS GRAFTS; HYDROGELS; STEREOLITHOG RAPHY; REPLACEMENT; CHEMISTRY; NETWORKS; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH A predominant po rtion of mortalities in industrial countries can be attributed to diseases of th e cardiovascular system. In the last decades great efforts have been undertaken to develop materials for artificial vascular constructs. However, bio-inert mate rials like ePTFE or PET fail as material for narrow blood vessel replacements (c oronary bypasses). Therefore, we aim to design new biocompatible materials to ov ercome this. In this paper we investigate the use of photoelastomers for artific ial vascular constructs since they may be precisely structured by means of addit ive manufacturing technologies. Hence, 3D computer aided design and manufacturin g technologies (CAD-CAM) offer the possibility of creating cellular structures w ithin the grafts that might favour ingrowth of tissue. Different monomer formula tions were screened concerning their suitability for this application but all ha d drawbacks, especially concerning the suture tear resistance. Therefore, we cho se to modify the original network architecture by including dithiol chain transf er agents which effectively co-react with the acrylates and reduce crosslink den sity. A commercial urethane diacrylate was chosen as base monomer. In combinatio n with reactive diluents and dithiols, the properties of the photopolymers could be tailored and degradability could be introduced. The optimized photoelastomer s were in good mechanical accordance with native blood vessels, showed good bioc ompatibility in in vitro tests, degraded similar to poly(lactic acid) and were s uccessfully manufactured with the 3D CAD-CAM technology. [Baudis, S; Nehl , F; Ligon, SC; Liska, R] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Appl Synthet Chem, A-1060 Vi enna, Austria; [Nigisch, A; Bernhard, D] Med Univ Vienna, Dept Surg, A-1090 Vien na, Austria; [Bergmeister, H] Med Univ Vienna, Core Unit Biomed Res, A-1090 Vien na, Austria; [Stampfl, J] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Mat Sci & Technol, A-1040 Vi enna, Austria Baudis, S (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Appl Synth et Chem, Getreidemarkt 9-163MC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
[email protected] t Sparkling Science We kindly thank Sparkling Science for financial support, Rahn AG and Cognis for supplying the resins and Ciba SC for supplying t he photoinitiator Irgacure 819. 56 0 0 IOP PUBLISHING L TD BRISTOL TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND 1748-604 1 BIOMED MATER Biomed. Mater. OCT 2011 6 5 055003 10.1088/1748-6041/6/5/055003 12 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822HT WOS:000295035500003 J Prabhakaran, MP; Kai, D; Ghasemi-Mobarakeh, L; Ramakrishna, S Prabhakaran, Molamma P.; Kai, Dan; Ghasemi-Mobarakeh, Laleh; Ramakrishna, Seeram
Electrospun biocomposite nanofibrous patch for cardiac tissue engineering BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS English Article STEM-CELLS; MYOCARDIAL REGENERATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GELATIN NANOFIBERS; RAT-HEART; SCAFFOLD; BIOMATERIALS; MULTIPOTENT; INFARCTION; CARDIOMYOCYTES A bioengineered construct that matches the chemical, mechanical, biological prop erties and extracellular matrix morphology of native tissue could be suitable as a cardiac patch for supporting the heart after myocardial infarction. The poten tial of utilizing a composite nanofibrous scaffold of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycoli de)/gelatin (PLGA/Gel) as a biomimetic cardiac patch is studied by culturing a p opulation of cardiomyocyte containing cells on the electrospun scaffolds. The ch emical characterization and mechanical properties of the electrospun PLGA and PL GA/Gel nanofibers were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scann ing electron microscopy and tensile measurements. The biocompatibility of the sc affolds was also studied and the cardiomyocytes seeded on PLGA/Gel nanofibers we re found to express the typical functional cardiac proteins such as alpha-actini n and troponin I, showing the easy integration of cardiomyocytes on PLGA/Gel sca ffolds. Our studies strengthen the application of electrospun PLGA/Gel nanofiber s as a bio-mechanical support for injured myocardium and as a potential substrat e for induction of endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation, ultimately reducing t he cardiac dysfunction and improving cardiac remodeling. [Prabhakaran, MP ; Ramakrishna, S] Natl Univ Singapore, Fac Engn, Hlth Care & Energy Mat Lab, Nan osci & Nanotechnol Initiat, Singapore 117576, Singapore; [Kai, D] Natl Univ Sing apore, NUS Grad Sch Integrat Sci & Engn, Singapore 117576, Singapore; [Ghasemi-M obarakeh, L] Islamic Azad Univ, Najafabad Branch, Esfahan, Iran Prabhakaran, MP (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Fac Engn, Hlth Care & Energy Mat Lab, Nan osci & Nanotechnol Initiat, 2 Engn Dr 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore nnimpp@n us.edu.sg NRF-Technion[R-398-001-065-592]; Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore This research was supported by NRF-Technion grant (R-398-001-065-592) and Nanosc ience and Nanotechnology Initiative, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore. 56 0 0 IOP PUBLISHING L TD BRISTOL TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND 1748-604 1 BIOMED MATER Biomed. Mater. OCT 2011 6 5 055001 10.1088/1748-6041/6/5/055001 12 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822HT WOS:000295035500001 J Skotak, M; Ragusa, J; Gonzalez, D; Subramanian, A Skotak, Maciej; Ragusa, Jorge; Gonzalez, Daniela; Subramanian, Anuradha Improved cellular infiltration into nanofibrous electrospun cross-linked gelatin scaffolds templated with micrometer-sized polyethylene glycol fibers BIOMEDIC AL MATERIALS English Article TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS; IN-VITRO; DIAMETER; MESHES; PROLIFERATION; MORP HOLOGY; MATRIX; CHONDROCYTES; MICROFIBER; COMPOSITE Gelatin-based nanofibrou s scaffolds with a mean fiber diameter of 300 nm were prepared with and without micrometer-sized polyethylene glycol (PEG) fibers that served as sacrificial tem plates. Upon fabrication of the scaffolds via electrospinning, the gelatin fiber s were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, and the PEG templates were removed using tert-butanol to yield nanofibrous scaffolds with pore diameters ranging from 10 to 100 mu m, as estimated with mercury intrusion porosimetry. Non-templated gel atin-based nanofibrous matrices had an average pore size of 1 mu m. Fibroblasts were seeded onto both types of the gelatin-based nanofibrous surfaces and cultur ed for 14 days. For comparative purposes, chitosan-based and polyurethane-based macroporous scaffolds with pore sizes of 100 and 170 mu m, respectively, were al so included. The number of cells as a function of the depth into the scaffold wa s judged and quantitatively assessed using nuclei staining. Cell penetration up to a depth of 250 and 90 mu m was noted in gelatin scaffolds prepared with sacri ficial templates and gelatin-only nanofibrous scaffolds. Noticeably, scaffold pr eparation protocol presented here allowed the structural integrity to be maintai ned even with high template content (95%) and can easily be extended toward othe r classes of electrospun polymer matrices for tissue engineering. [Ragusa,
J; Gonzalez, D; Subramanian, A] Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Lincoln , NE 68588 USA; [Skotak, M] Univ Nebraska, Coll Engn, Biomech Biomat & Biomed In strumentat Facil, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA Subramanian, A (reprint author), Univ Ne braska, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
[email protected] College of Engineering; National Institute of Health[1R21RR024437-01A1] Partial financial support was provided by the College of Engineering and funding in-part from the National Institute of Health (1R21RR024437-01A1). We are grateful for help received from Drs Sanjukta Guhathakurta and Nicolas Whitney (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UNL). Use of electrospinning facilities i n the laboratory of Dr Gustavo Larsen (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular E ngineering, UNL) is gratefully acknowledged. 32 0 0 IOP PUBLISHING LTD BRISTOL TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGL AND 1748-6041 BIOMED MATER Biomed. Mater. OCT 2011 6 5 055012 10.1088/1748-604 1/6/5/055012 10 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Scien ce, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822HT WOS:000295035500 012 J Wei, Y; Zhang, XH; Song, Y; Han, B; Hu, XY; Wang, XZ; Lin, YH; Deng, XL Wei, Yan; Zhang, Xuehui; Song, Yu; Han, Bing; Hu, Xiaoyang; Wang, Xinzhi; Lin, Y uanhua; Deng, Xuliang Magnetic biodegradable Fe(3)O(4)/CS/PVA nanofibr ous membranes for bone regeneration BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS English Article TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLI CATIONS; ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS; ALCOHOL)/CHITOSAN BLEND; CATALYTIC APPLICATIONS ; TIO2 NANOFIBERS; IN-VITRO; NANOPARTICLES; SCAFFOLDS; FABRICATION; FIBERS In recent years, interest in magnetic biomimetic scaffolds for tissue engineerin g has increased considerably. The aim of this study is to develop magnetic biode gradable fibrous materials with potential use in bone regeneration. Magnetic bio degradable Fe(3)O(4)/chitosan (CS)/poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous membrane s were achieved by electrospinning with average fiber diameters ranging from 230 to 380 nm and porosity of 83.9-85.1%. The influences of polymer concentration, applied voltage and Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles loading on the fabrication of nanofi bers were investigated. The polymer concentration of 4.5 wt%, applied voltage of 20 kV and Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles loading of lower than 5 wt% could produce hom ogeneous, smooth and continuous Fe(3)O(4)/CS/PVA nanofibrous membranes. X-ray di ffraction (XRD) data confirmed that the crystalline structure of the Fe(3)O(4), CS and PVA were maintained during electrospinning process. Fourier transform inf rared spectroscopy (FT-IR) demonstrated that the Fe(3)O(4) loading up to 5 wt% d id not change the functional groups of CS/PVA greatly. Transmission electron mic roscopy (TEM) showed islets of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles evenly distributed in the fibers. Weak ferrimagnetic behaviors of membranes were revealed by vibrating sa mple magnetometer (VSM) test. Tensile test exhibited Young's modulus of membrane s that were gradually enhanced with the increase of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles load ing, while ultimate tensile stress and ultimate strain were slightly reduced by Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles loading of 5%. Additionally, MG63 human osteoblast-like cells were seeded on the magnetic nanofibrous membranes to evaluate their bone b iocompatibility. Cell growth dynamics according to MTT assay and scanning electr on microscopy (SEM) observation exhibited good cell adhesion and proliferation, suggesting that this magnetic biodegradable Fe(3)O(4)/CS/PVA nanofibrous membran es can be one of promising biomaterials for facilitation of osteogenesis. [Wei, Y; Zhang, XH; Hu, XY; Deng, XL] Peking Univ, Sch Stomatol, Dept Geriatr De nt, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China; [Wei, Y; Zhang, XH; Hu, XY; Deng, XL] Pekin g Univ, Hosp Stomatol, Dept Geriatr Dent, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China; [Song , Y; Lin, YH] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab New Ceram & Fine Proc, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China; [Han, B] Peking Univ, Sch Stomatol, Dept Orthodont, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China; [Han, B] Peking Univ, Hosp Stomatol , Dept Orthodont, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China; [Wei, Y; Wang, XZ; Deng, XL] Peking Univ, Sch Stomatol, Dept Prosthodont, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China; [W ei, Y; Wang, XZ; Deng, XL] Peking Univ, Hosp Stomatol, Dept Prosthodont, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China Deng, XL (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Stom atol, Dept Geriatr Dent, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China kqdengxuliang@bj
mu.edu.cn National Natural Science Foundation of China[51025205]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China[2007AA03Z328766]; Int ernational Science and Technology Cooperation Program[DFA30690]; New Century Exc ellent Talents (NCET) of Universities in China The authors acknowledge support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (no 51025205), the National Hi gh Technology Research and Development Program of China (2007AA03Z328766), Inter national Science and Technology Cooperation Program (2007 DFA30690) and the Prog ram of New Century Excellent Talents (NCET) of Universities in China. 58 0 0 IOP PUBLISHING LTD BRISTOL TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WA Y, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND 1748-6041 BIOMED MATER Biomed. Mater. OCT 2011 6 5 055008 10.1088/1748-6041/6/5/055008 15 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 822HT WOS:000295035500008 J Lu, X; Lu, XZ; Zhang, WK; Ye, LP Lu Xiao; Lu XinZheng; Zhang WanKai; Ye LiePing Collapse simulation of a super h igh-rise building subjected to extremely strong earthquakes SCIENCE CHINA-TE CHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES English Article super high-rise building; collapse simulation; extremely strong earthquake; fini te element method In recent years, super high-rise buildings (> 50 0 m) are developing very quickly and become an important frontier of civil engin eering. The collapse resistance of super high-rise buildings subjected to extrem ely strong earthquake is a critical problem that must be intensively studied. Th is paper builds up a nonlinear finite element model of the tallest building in C hina, Shanghai Tower (632 m), and proposes the modeling method and failure crite ria for different structural elements. The dynamic characters of this building a re then analyzed, and the possible failure modes and collapse processes due to e arthquakes are predicted, as well as the corresponding collapse mechanism. This work will be helpful in collapse prevention and the seismic design of super high -rise buildings. [Lu, X; Lu, XZ; Zhang, WK; Ye, LP] Tsinghua Univ, Dept C ivil Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China Lu, XZ (reprint author), Tsinghu a Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[email protected] u.cn National Natural Science Foundation of China[90815025]; Tsinghua Univers ity[2010THZ02-1]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Gra nt No. 90815025), the Tsinghua University Research Funds (Grant No. 2010THZ02-1) and the "Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University". 29 0 0 SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, B EIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA 1674-7321 SCI CHINA TECHNOL SC Sci. China-Technol. Sci. OCT 2011 54 10 2549 2560 10.1007/s11431-011-4548-0 12 Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Engineer ing; Materials Science 821FO WOS:000294960500003 J Chen, WC; Song, LL; Zhi, SQ; Huang, HH; Qin, P Chen WenChao; Song LiLi; Zhi ShiQun; Huang HaoHui; Qin Peng Analysis on gust factor of tropical cyclone strong wind over different underlying surfac es SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES English Article tropical cyclone; roughness length of the underlying surface; gust factor Based on one year gradient wind data and the wind data of a strong typhoon obser ved by three meteorological towers located on the coast and at the inshore sea, the underlying surfaces of the meteorological towers were classified and the rou ghness lengths were calculated quantitatively. On the basis of strong wind chara cteristic representative assessment and sample selection on the wind data of str ong typhoon Hagupit, the gust factor variation characteristics of tropical cyclo nes under different underlying surfaces were analyzed. The observed fact and var iation rule were found as follows: 1) The roughness lengths under neutral atmosp heric condition which were calculated using logarithmic wind profile fitting bas ed on the observation data can describe the slight change of the underlying surf ace objectively. 2) The gust factor of strong typhoon wind didn't have variation trends with wind speed. But the variation amplitude of the gust factor was rath
er large over rough underlying surface which had pronounced effect on the numeri cal design of structural engineering. 3) The variation of the gust factor with h eight satisfied power law or logarithmic law. The power law fitting was more sui table for smooth underlying surface while the logarithmic fitting was better ove r rough underlying surface. 4) The observation data also suggested that the rela tionship between gust factor and roughness length can be described by power or l inear equation. 5) The gust factor observed in this typhoon case was different f rom the gust factor recommended by WMO: The gust factor of the offshore wind cam e from rough underlying surface was higher than the value recommended by WMO whi le the gust factor of the onshore wind came from smooth underlying surface is le ss than the WMO recommended value. [Song, LL] CMA, Guangzhou Inst Trop & Ma rine Meteorol, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Chen, WC; Zhi, SQ; Huang, HH; Qin, P] Guangdong Climate Ctr, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Song, LL] CMA, Publ Meteorol Serv Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China Song, LL (reprint author), CMA, Guangzhou Inst Trop & Marine Meteorol, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China
[email protected] National Natural Science Foundation of China[90715031, 40775071]; China Ministry of Science and Technology[GYHY200806012] This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90715031, 40775071) and the National Spe cial Research Fund for Non-Profit Sector of China Ministry of Science and Techno logy (Grant No. GYHY200806012). 23 0 0 SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA 1674-732 1 SCI CHINA TECHNOL SC Sci. China-Technol. Sci. OCT 2011 54 10 2576 2586 10.1007/ s11431-011-4511-0 11 Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Engineering; Materials Science 821FO WOS:000294960500005 J Zhao, J; Li, J; Qu, XY; Wang, G; Sun, HL; Ma, R Zhao Jun; Li Jian; Qu XiaoYang; Wang Gang; Sun HongLei; Ma Rui Study on intelligent control technology for forming steel pipe of pipeline with JCO proc ess SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES English Article steel pipe of pipeline; intelligent control technology; calibration; JCO process ; ellipticity ADAPTIVE PRESSBRAKE CONTROL Based on plastic bending enginee ring theory and machine vision technology, the intelligent control technology fo r forming steel pipe with JCO process is presented in this paper. By 'twice prebending method' in the first forming step, the springback law can be obtained. W ith the springback law and the target angle, the exact punch displacement which determines the formed angle in each bending step is predicted. In the succedent forming steps, the bending process is carried out with the exact punch displacem ent by real-time revising the springback law. And the angle error in each formin g step is calculated by comparing the actual formed angle with the target angle. By conducting compensation for the last angle error in the next forming step, e ach precise bending process step is realized. A system of intelligent control te chnology for forming the steel pipe was developed. A calibration method is propo sed to calculate the exterior parameters of the CCD camera, in which the equilat eral triangle is employed as the calibrating board and only one image needs to b e captured. A mathematical model, which converts the angle in the image into the actual formed angle, is derived. The experimental results showed that the ellip ticity of the formed pipes was less than 1.5% and the high-quality pipes can be manufactured without the worker's operating experience by employing the intellig ent control technology. [Zhao, J; Li, J; Qu, XY; Sun, HL; Ma, R] Yanshan Univ, C oll Mech Engn, Qinhuangdao 066004, Peoples R China; [Wang, G] Julong Steel Pipe Co Ltd, Qinhuangdao 062658, Peoples R China Zhao, J (reprint author), Yansha n Univ, Coll Mech Engn, Qinhuangdao 066004, Peoples R China
[email protected]. cn National Natural Science Foundation of China[50805126]; Hebei Natural Sc ience Foundation[E2009000389] Supported by the National Natural Science Founda tion of China (Grant No. 50805126) and the Hebei Natural Science Foundation (Gra nt No. E2009000389). 13 0 0 SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA 1674-7321 SCI CHINA TECHNOL SC Sci. China-Technol. Sci. OCT 2011 54
10 2754 2759 10.1007/s11431-011-45328 6 Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Scienc e, Multidisciplinary Engineering; Materials Science 821FO WOS:000294960500 025 J Kenney, M; Patton, D Kenney, Martin; Patton, Donald Does inventor ownership encourage university research-derived en trepreneurship? A six university comparison RESEARCH POLICY English Article Bayh-Dole Act; Inventor ownershi p; University technology licensing; Entrepreneurship TECHNOLOGY-TRANSFER OFFI CES; BAYH-DOLE ACT; SPIN-OFFS; POLICY IMPLICATIONS; CORPORATE-CONTROL; FIRMS; KN OWLEDGE; WATERLOO; CREATION; CANADA This paper examines whether university o wnership of inventions made by its personnel best serves the widely held social goals of encouraging technology commercialization and entrepreneurship. Using a hand-collected census of technology-based university spin-offs from six universi ties, one of which is the University of Waterloo and the only inventor ownership university in North America, we compare the number and type of spin-offs produc ed by these universities. We find suggestive evidence that inventor ownership un iversities can be more efficient in generating spin-offs on both per faculty and per R&D dollar expended perspective. We find that the field of computer science s and electrical engineering generates a greater number of spin-offs than do our other two categories - the biomedical sciences, and the field of engineering an d the physical sciences. In general, our results demonstrate that inventor owner ship can be extremely productive of spin-offs. From these results, we suggest th at governments seeking to encourage university invention commercialization and e ntrepreneurship should experiment with an inventor ownership system. (C) 2011 El sevier B.V. All rights reserved. [Kenney, M; Patton, D] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Human & Community Dev, Davis, CA 95616 USA Kenney, M (reprint autho r), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Human & Community Dev, Davis, CA 95616 USA mfkenney @ucdavis.edu 89 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0048-733 3 RES POLICY Res. Policy OCT 2011 40 8 SI 1100 1112 10.1016/j.respol.2011.05.012 13 Management; Planning & Development Business & Economics; Public Administrat ion 822RY WOS:000295068500007 J Fini, R; Grimaldi, R; Santoni, S; Sobrero, M Fini, Riccardo; Grimaldi, Rosa; Santoni, Simone; Sobrero, Maurizio Complements or substitutes? The role of universities and local context in suppor ting the creation of academic spin-offs RESEARCH POLICY English Article Academic entrepreneurship; Academic spin-offs; University-level support mechanis ms; Local-context support mechanisms; Technology transfer TECHNOLOGY-TRANS FER OFFICES; RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT; FIRM PERFORMANCE; START-UPS; ENTREPRENEURS; KNOWLEDGE; INCUBATORS; VENTURES; SCIENCE In this paper, we analyze the extent to which University-Level Support Mechanisms (ULSMs ) and Local-Context Support Mechanisms (LCSMs) complement or substitute for each other in fostering the creation of academic spin-offs. Using a sample of 404 co mpanies spun off from the 64 Italian Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathe matics universities (STEM universities) over the 2000-2007 period, we show that the ULSMs' marginal effect on universities' spin-off productivity may be positiv e or negative depending on the contribution offered by different LCSMs. Specific ally, in any given region, ULSMs complement the legislative support offered to h igh-tech entrepreneurship whereas they have a substitution effect with regard to the amount of regional social capital, regional financial development, the pres ence of a regional business incubator, regional public R&D expenses as well as t he level of innovative performance in the region. Results support the idea that regional settings' idiosyncrasies should be considered for universities to devel op effective spin-off support policies. This paper contributes to the debate on the evaluation of economic policies supporting entrepreneurship. (C) 2011 Elsevi er B.V. All rights reserved. [Fini, R; Grimaldi, R; Santoni, S; Sobrero, M] U niv Bologna, Dept Management, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; [Fini, R] Imperial Coll Bu siness Sch, London, England Grimaldi, R (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept
Management, Via Capo di Lucca 34, I-40126 Bologna, Italy rosa.grimaldi@un ibo.it 77 0 0 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS 0048-7333 RES POLICY Res. Policy OCT 2011 40 8 SI 1113 1127 10.1016/j.respol.2011.05.013 15 Management; Planning & Development Business & Economics; Public Administrat ion 822RY WOS:000295068500008 J Haouzi, P Haouzi, Philippe Murine models in critical care research CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE English Article comparative physiology; hydrogen sulfide; hypothermia; metabolism INHALED HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; BROWN ADIPOSETISSUE; ANIMATION-LIKE STATE; METABOLIC-RATE; PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE; HYPOXI C HYPOMETABOLISM; INTELLECTUAL HISTORY; INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; CYTOCHROME-OXIDASE; BODY-TEMPERATURE Introduction: Access to genetically engineered mice has opened many new opportunities to address questions relevant to the pathophysiolo gy and treatment of patients in critical conditions. However, the results of stu dies in mice cannot disregard the unique ability of small rodents to adjust thei r temperature and high metabolic rate and the corresponding respiratory and circ ulatory requirements in response to hypoxia. Point of View: Studies performed in mice on questions related to metabolic, circulatory, and respiratory regulation should always be considered in light of the ability of mice to rapidly drop the ir nonshivering thermogenesis-related metabolism. As an example, it has been rec ently argued that a moderate level of inhaled hydrogen sulfide may have a potent ial benefit in patients in coma or shock or during an anoxic or ischemic insult, as this toxic gas dramatically reduces the metabolic rate in resting mice. Howe ver, acute hypometabolism has long been described in small mammals in response t o hypoxia and is not specific to hydrogen sulfide. More importantly, mice have a specific metabolic rate that is 15-20 times higher than the specific metabolic level of a resting human. This difference can be accounted for by the large amou nt of heat produced by mice through nonshivering thermogenesis, related to the a ctivity of uncoupling proteins. This mechanism, which is essential for maintaini ng homeothermia in small mammals, is virtually absent in larger animals, includi ng in adult humans. Accordingly, no direct metabolic effect of hydrogen sulfide is observed in large mammals. We present the view that similar reasoning should be applied when the circulatory or respiratory response to hypoxic exposure is c onsidered. This leads us to question whether a similar strategy could occur in m ice in critical conditions other than hypoxia, such as in hypo-volemic, septic, or cardiogenic shock. Conclusion: Mouse models developed to understand the mecha nisms of protection against hypoxia or ischemia or to propose new therapeutic ap proaches applicable in critical care patients should be understood in light of t he specificity of the metabolic, respiratory, and circulatory responses of mice to a hypoxic insult, since many of these adaptations have no clear equivalent in humans. (Crit Care Med 2011; 39:2290-2293) Penn State Univ, Penn State Milt on Hershey Med Ctr, Coll Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med,Dept Med, Hershey, PA 170 33 USA Haouzi, P (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn State Milton Hershey M ed Ctr, Coll Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med,Dept Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
[email protected] 63 1 1 LIPPINCO TT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PHILADELPHIA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-36 21 USA 0090-3493 CRIT CARE MED Crit. Care Med. OCT 2011 39 10 2290 2293 10.1097/CCM.0b01 3e3182227550 4 Critical Care Medicine General & Intern al Medicine 821EU WOS:000294958500012 J Liu, JN; Wang, BP; Su, JB; Sun, CY; Fei, SM; Ye, H Liu, Jingnan; Wang, Baoping; Su, Jianbo; Sun, Changyin; Fei, Shumin; Ye, Hua Mechatronics Mania at the Inaugural USA Science and Engineering Festival IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE English Article 20 0 0 IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAW AY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA 1066-033X IEEE CONTR SYST MAG IEEE Control Syst. Mag. OCT 2011 31 5 105 111 10.1109/MCS.2011.941835 7 Automati
on & Control Systems Automation & Control Systems 821VK WOS:000295002300 020 J Ray, N Ray, Nilanjan Computation of F luid and Particle Motion From a Time-Sequenced Image Pair: A Global Outlier Iden tification Approach IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING English Article Motion estimation; optical flow; optimization; outliers; particle image velocimetry INTERNATIONAL PIV CHALLE NGE; OPTICAL-FLOW; FIELDS Fluid motion estimation from time-sequenced imag es is a significant image analysis task. Its application is widespread in experi mental fluidics research and many related areas like biomedical engineering and atmospheric sciences. In this paper, we present a novel flow computation framewo rk to estimate the flow velocity vectors from two consecutive image frames. In a n energy minimization-based flow computation, we propose a novel data fidelity t erm, which: 1) can accommodate various measures, such as cross-correlation or su m of absolute or squared differences of pixel intensities between image patches; 2) has a global mechanism to control the adverse effect of outliers arising out of motion discontinuities, proximity of image borders; and 3) can go hand-in-ha nd with various spatial smoothness terms. Further, the proposed data term and re lated regularization schemes are both applicable to dense and sparse flow vector estimations. We validate these claims by numerical experiments on benchmark flo w data sets. Univ Alberta, Dept Comp Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E8, Canada Ray, N (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Comp Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E8, Cana da
[email protected] NSERC Manuscript received September 07, 2010; revised January 18, 2011 and March 24, 2011; accepted March 28, 2011. Date of pu blication April 11, 2011; date of current version September 16, 2011. This work was supported by the NSERC through a Discovery grant. The associate editor coord inating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr. Z hou Wang. 33 0 0 IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PISCATAWAY 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA 1057-7149 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS IEEE Trans. Image Process. OCT 2011 20 10 2925 2936 10.1109/TIP.2011.2142005 12 Computer Science, Artifi cial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Computer Science; Engine ering 821XP WOS:000295008100021 J Pidaparti, RM; Patel, RR Pidaparti, Raman a M.; Patel, Ronak R. Modeling the Evolution of Stresses Induced by Co rrosion Damage in Metals JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE English Article AFM; aluminum alloys; fi nite element analysis; pit-induced corrosion; stresses PITTING CORROSION; ALUMI NUM-ALLOY; FATIGUE; MICROSCOPY; INITIATION Corrosion is one of the most dam aging mechanisms in aluminum alloys commonly used in aerospace engineering struc tures. Cracks usually initiate from the pits/defects, and currently, there are n o measurement probes that can estimate the stress environment around corrosion p its. In this article, a systematic study is conducted to investigate the evoluti on of corrosion-damage-induced stresses in aluminum alloy 2024-T3 as a function of time. Corrosion experiments were conducted on a metal sample under controlled electrochemical conditions and the surfaces were imaged using AFM techniques. A computational procedure was developed to investigate the stresses resulting fro m corrosion damage/pits using the AFM image, CAD, and finite element analysis. A nalysis was also carried out on corroded specimens under bending and tension loa dings in order to see how the loading affects the induced stresses. The results indicated that the stress distribution and levels on the corroded surface varied due to irregularities and randomness in the metal sample. The results also indi cated that the stress initially increases and reaches a plateau with increasing corrosion time and may be responsible for failure (crack initiation) of the meta ls. [Pidaparti, RM; Patel, RR] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Mech Engn, R ichmond, VA 23284 USA Pidaparti, RM (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Un iv, Dept Mech Engn, 401 W Main St, Richmond, VA 23284 USA rmpidaparti@vcu. edu U. S. National Science Foundation[DMR-0505039] The authors thank the U. S. National Science Foundation for sponsoring this research through grant DMR-0
505039. 19 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRI NG ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 1059-9495 J MATER ENG PERFORM J. Mater. Eng. Perform. OCT 2011 20 7 1114 1120 10.1007/s11665-010-9753-7 7 Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Materials Science 821GX WOS:0002 94964100003 J Kolinko, I; Jogler, C; Katzmann, E; Schuler, D Kolinko, Isabel; Jogler, Christian; Katzmann, Emanuel; Schueler, Dirk Frequent Mutations within the Genomic Magnetosome Island of Magnetospirillum gry phiswaldense Are Mediated by RecA JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY English Article INDUCIBLE DNA-REPAIR; MA GNETOTACTIC BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AQUASPIRILLUM-MAGNETOTACTICUM; ULTRAVIOL ET MUTAGENESIS; CAULOBACTER-CRESCENTUS; GENE CLUSTERS; RECOMBINATION; MUTANT; RE VEALS Genes for magnetosome formation in magnetotactic bacteria are clustered in large genomic magnetosome islands (MAI). Spontaneous deletions and rearrangem ents were frequently observed within these regions upon metabolic stress. This i nstability was speculated to be due to RecA-dependent homologous recombination b etween the numerous sequence repeats present within the MAI. Here we show that a RecA-deficient strain of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense (IK-1) no longer exhi bits genetic instability of magnetosome formation. Strain IK-1 displayed higher sensitivity to oxygen and UV irradiation. Furthermore, the lack of RecA abolishe d allelic exchange in the mutant. Cells of strain IK-1 displayed a slightly alte red (i.e., more elongated) morphology, whereas the absence of RecA did not affec t the ability to synthesize wild-type-like magnetosomes. Our data provide eviden ce that the observed genetic instability of magnetosome formation in the wild ty pe is due predominantly to RecA-mediated recombination. In addition, increased g enetic stability could make strain IK-1 a useful tool for the expression of gene s and further genetic engineering, as well as for biotechnological production of bacterial magnetosomes. [Kolinko, I; Jogler, C; Katzmann, E; Schuler, D] Univ Munich, Dept Biol 1, Bereich Mikrobiol, Biozentrum LMU, D-82152 Planegg Ma rtinsried, Germany Schuler, D (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Biol 1, B ereich Mikrobiol, Biozentrum LMU, Grosshaderner Str 4, D-82152 Planegg Martinsri ed, Germany
[email protected] 47 0 0 AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY WASHINGTON 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 200 36-2904 USA 0021-9193 J BACTERIOL J. Bacteriol. OCT 2011 193 19 5328 5334 10.1128/ JB.05491-11 7 Microbiology Microbiology 819LE WOS:000294826200031 J Chen, CY; Weaver, EA; Khare, R; May, SM; Barry, MA Chen, C. Y.; Weaver, E. A.; Khare, R.; May, S. M.; Barry, M. A. Mining t he adenovirus virome for oncolytics against multiple solid tumor types CANCER G ENE THERAPY English Article adenovirus; oncolytic; cancer INFECTIVITY-ENHANCED ADENOVIRUS; SYRIAN-HAMSTERS ; MODIFIED FIBERS; SIALIC-ACID; INGN 007; RECEPTOR; VECTORS; TROPISM; GENERATION ; THERAPY Although there are 55 serotypes of adenovirus (Ad) that infect h umans, Ad serotype 5 (Ad5) is the most widely studied because of the availabilit y of commercial kits for its genetic manipulation. In fact, engineered Ad 5 is c urrently being used in all of the 87 global clinical trials utilizing Ad for the treatment of cancer. Unfortunately, Ad5 is one of the most seroprevalent seroty pes, meaning that this virus has to confront additional immunological barriers t o be effective in Ad5-immune patients. In this work, we compare Ad5 to 13 other adenoviral serotypes from species B, C, D and E for oncolytic potential in both immunodeficient mouse and immunocompetent hamster models. Our results indicate t hat species D Ads are not effective oncolytics against most solid tumors. Conver sely, lower seroprevalent Ad6 and Ad11 had anti-cancer activity comparable to Ad 5. This work strongly supports the consideration of Ad6-based oncolytic therapie s for the treatment of breast, ovarian, kidney and liver tumors. Cancer Gene The rapy (2011) 18, 744-750; doi: 10.1038/cgt.2011.47; published online 2 September 2011 [Chen, CY; Weaver, EA; May, SM; Barry, MA] Mayo Clin, Dept Internal Med, Rochester, MN 55902 USA; [Khare, R] Mayo Clin, Virol & Gene Therapy Grad Progra
m, Translat Immunovirol Program, Div Infect Dis, Rochester, MN 55902 USA; [Barry , MA] Mayo Clin, Dept Immunol, Rochester, MN 55902 USA; [Barry, MA] Mayo Clin, D ept Mol Med, Rochester, MN 55902 USA Barry, MA (reprint author), Mayo Clin, D ept Internal Med, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55902 USA
[email protected] NIH[R01-CA136945]; Mayo Clinic Breast Cancer SPORE[P50-CA116201] We would like to thank Mary Barry for helpful technical assistance. This work was suppor ted by a grant to MAB from NIH (R01-CA136945) and by the Mayo Clinic Breast Canc er SPORE (P50-CA116201). 24 0 0 NATURE PUBLISHIN G GROUP LONDON MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND 0929-190 3 CANCER GENE THER Cancer Gene Ther. OCT 2011 18 10 744 750 10.1038/cgt.2011 .47 7 Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine 821QW WOS:000294990500007 J Lopes, FM; Cesar, RM; Costa, LD Lopes, Fabricio M.; Cesar, Roberto M., Jr.; Costa, Luciano Da F. Gene Expression Complex Networks: Synthesis, Identification, and Analysis JOURNAL OF COMPU TATIONAL BIOLOGY English Article gene regulatory networks; machine learning; reverse engineering; statistical mec hanics; synthetic biology; systems biology; tune discrete dynamical systems; val idation PROBABILISTIC BOOLEAN NETWORKS; REGULATORY NETWORKS; CELL-CYCLE; FEATURE -SELECTION; MODEL; YEAST; INFERENCE; SIMULATION; BIOLOGY; VALIDATION Thanks t o recent advances in molecular biology, allied to an ever increasing amount of e xperimental data, the functional state of thousands of genes can now be extracte d simultaneously by using methods such as cDNA microarrays and RNA-Seq. Particul arly important related investigations are the modeling and identification of gen e regulatory networks from expression data sets. Such a knowledge is fundamental for many applications, such as disease treatment, therapeutic intervention stra tegies and drugs design, as well as for planning high-throughput new experiments . Methods have been developed for gene networks modeling and identification from expression profiles. However, an important open problem regards how to validate such approaches and its results. This work presents an objective approach for v alidation of gene network modeling and identification which comprises the follow ing three main aspects: (1) Artificial Gene Networks (AGNs) model generation thr ough theoretical models of complex networks, which is used to simulate temporal expression data; (2) a computational method for gene network identification from the simulated data, which is founded on a feature selection approach where a ta rget gene is fixed and the expression profile is observed for all other genes in order to identify a relevant subset of predictors; and (3) validation of the id entified AGN-based network through comparison with the original network. The pro posed framework allows several types of AGNs to be generated and used in order t o simulate temporal expression data. The results of the network identification m ethod can then be compared to the original network in order to estimate its prop erties and accuracy. Some of the most important theoretical models of complex ne tworks have been assessed: the uniformly-random Erdos-Renyi (ER), the small-worl d Watts-Strogatz (WS), the scale-free Barabasi-Albert (BA), and geographical net works (GG). The experimental results indicate that the inference method was sens itive to average degree k variation, decreasing its network recovery rate with t he increase of k. The signal size was important for the inference method to get better accuracy in the network identification rate, presenting very good results with small expression profiles. However, the adopted inference method was not s ensible to recognize distinct structures of interaction among genes, presenting a similar behavior when applied to different network topologies. In summary, the proposed framework, though simple, was adequate for the validation of the infer red networks by identifying some properties of the evaluated method, which can b e extended to other inference methods. [Lopes, FM] Univ Tecnol Fed Parana, Mari nga, Parana, Brazil; [Lopes, FM; Cesar, RM] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Math & Stat, BR -05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil; [Costa, LD] Univ Sao Paulo, Phys Inst Sao Carlos, BR-0 5508 Sao Paulo, Brazil Lopes, FM (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Av Alberto
Carazzai 1640, BR-86300000 Cornelio Procopio, Parana, Brazil
[email protected] du.br FAPESP[05/00587-5]; CNPq[301303/06-1]; CAPES L. F. C. thanks CNPq (30 1303/06-1) and FAPESP (05/00587-5) for sponsorship. This work was supported by F APESP, CNPq, and CAPES. 64 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1066-527 7 J COMPUT BIOL J. Comput. Biol. OCT 2011 18 10 1353 1367 10.1089/cmb.2010.0118 15 Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiolo gy; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computation al Biology; Statistics & Probability Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotec hnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational B iology; Mathematics 822VU WOS:000295079100007 J Reddi, AH; Becerra, J; Andrades, JA Reddi, A . Hari; Becerra, Jose; Andrades, Jose A. Nanomaterials and Hydrog el Scaffolds for Articular Cartilage Regeneration TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS English Article CARBON NANOTUBES; SUPERFICIAL ZONE; GROWTH; REPAIR; PROTEOGLYCAN; CHONDROCYTES; INTEGRATION; DEFECTS; KNEE; TRANSPLANTATION Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major c linical and scientific challenge. The degradation of articular cartilage in the joints is a common manifestation of painful arthritis. The regeneration of artic ular cartilage in OA is an unmet clinical need. The assembly of articular cartil age by tissue engineering toward complete regeneration is the goal of most scien tists and surgeons. The key ingredients for regeneration are signals, stem cells , and scaffolds. This brief review focuses on the scaffold, with special emphasi s on hydrogels and nanomaterials for the assembly of tissue-engineered cartilage , and ultimately leading to the total regeneration of articular cartilage in the joints. [Reddi, AH] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Lawrence J El lison Ctr Tissue Regenerat & Repair, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA; [Reddi, AH; Becerra, J; Andrades, JA] Univ Malaga, Lab Bioengn & Tissue Regenerat LABRET UMA, Dept Cell Biol Genet & Physiol, Fac Sci, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; [Becerra, J; Andrades, JA] Univ Malaga, Networking Biomed Res Ctr Bioengn Biomat & Nanome, E-29071 Malaga, Spain Reddi, AH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ortho paed Surg, Lawrence J Ellison Ctr Tissue Regenerat & Repair, Sch Med, Res Bldg 1 ,Room 2000, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
[email protected] Banco Bilbao-Viz caya-Argentaria Foundation (FBBVA); Ministry of Science and Technology[BIO2009-1 3903-C02-01]; Ministry of Science and Innovation[PLE2009-0163, FIS PI10/02529]; Andalusian Autonomous Government[P07-CVI-2781, PI-0729-2010]; VI National R&D&I Plan 2008-2011; Iniciativa Ingenio; Consolider Program; CIBER Actions; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; European Regional Development Fund We thank Dr. Jes us A. Santamaria for his collaboration in the design of the figure for this revi ew. This work was supported by grants from the Banco Bilbao-Vizcaya-Argentaria F oundation (FBBVA, Chair in Biomedicine 2007 to A.H. Reddi), the Ministry of Scie nce and Technology (BIO2009-13903-C02-01), the Ministry of Science and Innovatio n (PLE2009-0163, FIS PI10/02529), and the Andalusian Autonomous Government (P07CVI-2781, PAIDI ,PI-0729-2010). Red de Terapia Celular and CIBER-BBN are an init iative funded by the VI National R&D&D&I Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010 , Consolider Program, CIBER Actions, and financed by the Instituto de Salud Carl os III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. 38 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3368 TISSUE ENG PART B-RE Tissue Eng. Part B-Rev. OCT 2011 17 5 301 305 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0141 5 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 822VQ WOS:000295078600 001 J Smith, JO; Aarvold, A; Tayton, ER; Dunlop, DG; Oreffo, ROC Smith, James Oliver; Aarvold, Alexander; Tayton, Edward R.; Dunlop, Douglas G.; Oreffo, Richard O. C. Skeletal Tissue Regeneration: Current Approaches , Challenges, and Novel Reconstructive Strategies for an Aging Population TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS English Article
MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; PLATELET-RICH PLASMA; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; BONE-MORPHOG ENETIC PROTEINS; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE DEFECTS; TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; ENGINEERED BONE; DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS; REVISION HIP; NON-UNIONS Loss of skeletal tissue as a consequence of trauma, injury, or disease is a significant cause of morbidity with often wide-ranging socioeconomic impacts. Current approaches to replace or restore significant quantities of lost bone come with substantial lim itations and inherent disadvantages that may in themselves cause further disabil ity. In addition, the spontaneous repair capacity of articular cartilage is limi ted; thus, investigation into new cartilage replacement and regeneration techniq ues are warranted. Along with the challenges of an increasingly aging demographi c, changing clinical scenarios and rising functional expectations provide the im perative for new, more reliable skeletal regeneration strategies. The science of tissue engineering has expanded dramatically in recent years, notably in orthop edic applications, and it is clear that new approaches for de novo skeletal tiss ue formation offer exciting opportunities to improve the quality of life for man y, particularly in the face of increasing patient expectations. However, signifi cant scientific, financial, industrial, and regulatory challenges should be over come before the successful development of an emergent tissue engineering strateg y can be realized. We outline current practice for replacement of lost skeletal tissue and the innovative approaches in tissue regeneration that have so far bee n translated to clinical use, along with a discussion of the significant hurdles that are presented in the process of translating research strategies to the cli nic. [Smith, JO; Aarvold, A; Tayton, ER; Dunlop, DG; Oreffo, ROC] Univ Southa mpton, Bone & Joint Res Grp, Ctr Human Dev Stem Cells & Regenerat, Inst Dev Sci, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England; [Oreffo, ROC] King Saud Univ, Coll Med, D ept Anat, Stem Cell Unit, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia Oreffo, ROC (reprint aut hor), Univ Southampton, Bone & Joint Res Grp, Ctr Human Dev Stem Cells & Regener at, Inst Dev Sci, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England
[email protected] Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council[BB/GO10579, G006971]; Tec hnology Strategy Board; Engineering, and Physical Sciences Research Council[TS/G 001650/1] This work was funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Re search Council (BB/GO10579, G006971), Technology Strategy Board and Engineering, and Physical Sciences Research Council (TS/G001650/1) 126 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3368 TISSUE ENG PART B-RE Tissue E ng. Part B-Rev. OCT 2011 17 5 307 320 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0143 14 Cell & T issue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Bio logy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 822VQ WOS:000295078600002 J Appel, A; Anastasio, MA; Brey, EM Appel, A lyssa; Anastasio, Mark A.; Brey, Eric M. Potential for Imaging En gineered Tissues with X-Ray Phase Contrast TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEW S English Article COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; THIN BIOMATERIALS; RADIOGRAPHY; AGENTS; MICROTOMOGRAPHY; SC AFFOLDS; BONE; NEOVASCULARIZATION; IMPLEMENTATION; INTERFEROMETER As the f ield of tissue engineering advances, it is crucial to develop imaging methods ca pable of providing detailed three-dimensional information on tissue structure. X -ray imaging techniques based on phase-contrast (PC) have great potential for a number of biomedical applications due to their ability to provide information ab out soft tissue structure without exogenous contrast agents. X-ray PC techniques retain the excellent spatial resolution, tissue penetration, and calcified tiss ue contrast of conventional X-ray techniques while providing drastically improve d imaging of soft tissue and biomaterials. This suggests that X-ray PC technique s are very promising for evaluation of engineered tissues. In this review, four different implementations of X-ray PC imaging are described and applications to tissues of relevance to tissue engineering reviewed. In addition, recent applica tions of X-ray PC to the evaluation of biomaterial scaffolds and engineered tiss ues are presented and areas for further development and application of these tec hniques are discussed. Imaging techniques based on X-ray PC have significant pot ential for improving our ability to image and characterize engineered tissues, a
nd their continued development and optimization could have significant impact on the field of tissue engineering. [Appel, A; Brey, EM] IIT, Dept Biomed En gn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA; [Appel, A; Brey, EM] IIT, Pritzker Inst Biomed Sci & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA; [Appel, A; Brey, EM] Edward Hines Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv, Hines, IL USA; [Anastasio, MA] Washington Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, St L ouis, MO USA Brey, EM (reprint author), IIT, Dept Biomed Engn, 3255 S Dearbor n St, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
[email protected] Veterans Administration; Nationa l Science Foundation[0854430, 0731201, 0546113]; National Institute of Health[R0 1EB009715] Research described here has been supported in part by the Vetera ns Administration, the National Science Foundation (0854430, 0731201, 0546113), and the National Institute of Health (R01EB009715). The authors would like to th ank Jeffery Larson for assistance with the acquisition of CT data and production of the imaging schematics. 70 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3368 TISSUE ENG PART B-RE Tissue Eng. Part B-Rev. OCT 2011 17 5 321 330 10.1089/ ten.teb.2011.0230 10 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biote chnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Ap plied Microbiology 822VQ WOS:000295078600003 J Costa-Pinto, AR; Reis, RL; Neves, NM Costa-Pi nto, Ana Rita; Reis, Rui L.; Neves, Nuno M. Scaffolds Based Bone Tis sue Engineering: The Role of Chitosan TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS English Article MARROW STROMAL C ELLS; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; FIBER-MESH SCAFFOLDS; CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE BIOCERAMIC S; SOLID FREEFORM FABRICATION; BETA-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE; N-CARBOXYBUTYL CHITOSA N; STARCH-BASED SCAFFOLDS; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; CRITICAL-SIZE DEFECTS As life expectancy increases, malfunction or loss of tissue caused by injury or disease leads to reduced quality of life in many patients at significant socioeconomic c ost. Even though major progress has been made in the field of bone tissue engine ering, present therapies, such as bone grafts, still have limitations. Current r esearch on biodegradable polymers is emerging, combining these structures with o steogenic cells, as an alternative to autologous bone grafts. Different types of biodegradable materials have been proposed for the preparation of three-dimensi onal porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Among them, natural polymers are one of the most attractive options, mainly due to their similarities with ex tracellular matrix, chemical versatility, good biological performance, and inher ent cellular interactions. In this review, special attention is given to chitosa n as a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. An extensive litera ture survey was performed on the preparation of chitosan scaffolds and their in vitro biological performance as well as their potential to facilitate in vivo bo ne regeneration. The present review also aims to offer the reader a general over view of all components needed to engineer new bone tissue. It gives a brief back ground on bone biology, followed by an explanation of all components in bone tis sue engineering, as well as describing different tissue engineering strategies. Moreover, also discussed are the typical models used to evaluate in vitro functi onality of a tissue-engineered construct and in vivo models to assess the potent ial to regenerate bone tissue are discussed. [Costa-Pinto, AR; Reis, RL; Neve s, NM] Univ Minho, Res Grp Biomat Biodegradables & Biomimet 3Bs, Dept Polymer En gn, Headquarters European Inst Excellence Tissue Engn, P-4806909 Caldas Das Taip as, Guimaraes, Portugal; [Costa-Pinto, AR; Reis, RL; Neves, NM] ICVS 3Bs PT Govt Associate Lab, Braga, Portugal Neves, NM (reprint author), Univ Minho, Res Grp Biomat Biodegradables & Biomimet 3Bs, Dept Polymer Engn, Headquarters European I nst Excellence Tissue Engn, AvePk, P-4806909 Caldas Das Taipas, Guimaraes, Portu gal
[email protected] FCT[SFRH/24735/2005] This review was supporte d by the FCT grant (SFRH/24735/2005) to Ana Costa-Pinto. The authors also want t o acknowledge the precious help of Ana M. Martins in the revision of the article . 255 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3368 TISSUE ENG PART B-RE Tissue Eng. Part B-Rev. OCT 2011 17 5 331 347 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0704 17
Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 822VQ WOS:000295078600 004 J Dahlin, RL; Kasper, FK; Mikos, AG Dahlin, Rebecca L.; Kasper, F. Kurtis; Mikos, Antonios G. Polymeric Nanofi bers in Tissue Engineering TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS English Article MESENCHYMAL STEM -CELLS; PEPTIDE-AMPHIPHILE NANOFIBERS; GROWTH-FACTOR DELIVERY; MECHANICAL-PROPER TIES; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS; CONTROL LED-RELEASE; PHASE-SEPARATION; CELLULAR INFILTRATION Polymeric nanofibers can be produced using methods such as electrospinning, phase separation, and self-a ssembly, and the fiber composition, diameter, alignment, degradation, and mechan ical properties can be tailored to the intended application. Nanofibers possess unique advantages for tissue engineering. The small diameter closely matches tha t of extracellular matrix fibers, and the relatively large surface area is benef icial for cell attachment and bioactive factor loading. This review will update the reader on the aspects of nanofiber fabrication and characterization importan t to tissue engineering, including control of porous structure, cell infiltratio n, and fiber degradation. Bioactive factor loading will be discussed with specif ic relevance to tissue engineering. Finally, applications of polymeric nanofiber s in the fields of bone, cartilage, ligament and tendon, cardiovascular, and neu ral tissue engineering will be reviewed. [Dahlin, RL; Kasper, FK; Mikos, AG] Rice Univ, Dept Bioengn, Houston, TX 77251 USA Mikos, AG (reprint autho r), Rice Univ, Dept Bioengn MS 142, POB 1892, Houston, TX 77251 USA mikos@ri ce.edu U.S. National Institutes of Health[R01 AR57083] The authors acknowledge support by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (R01 AR57083). 117 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STR EET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3368 TISSUE ENG PART B-RE Tissue Eng. Part B-Rev. OCT 2011 17 5 349 364 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0238 16 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 822VQ WOS:000295078600 005 J Rnjak-Kovacina, J; Weiss, AS Rnjak-Kovacina, Jelena; Weiss, Anthony S. Increasing the Pore Size of Electrospun Scaffolds TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS English Article CELLULAR INFILTRATION; TISSUE REGENERATION; FIBER DIAMETER; DERMAL FIBROBLASTS; SKIN; POROSITY; ADHESION; DESIGN; MATRIX; DIFFERENTIATION Electrospinning has gained much attention in the past decade as an effective means of generating nano- to microscale polymer fibers that resemble native extracellular matrix. H igh porosity, pore interconnectivity, and large surface area to volume ratio of electrospun scaffolds make them highly conducive to cellular adhesion and growth . However, inherently small pores of electrospun scaffolds do not promote adequa te cellular infiltration and tissue ingrowth. Cellular infiltration into the sca ffold is essential for a range of tissue engineering applications and is particu larly important in skin and musculoskeletal engineering. Pore size, porosity, an d pore interconnectivity dictate the extent of cellular infiltration and tissue ingrowth into the scaffold; influence a range of cellular processes; and are cru cial for diffusion of nutrients, metabolites, and waste products. A number of el ectrospinning techniques and postelectrospinning modifications have, therefore, been developed in order to increase the pore size of electrospun scaffolds. Dive rse techniques ranging from simple variations in the electrospinning parameters to complex methodologies requiring highly specialized equipment have been explor ed and are described in this article. [Rnjak-Kovacina, J; Weiss, AS] Univ Sydn ey, Sch Mol Biosci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Weiss, AS (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Mol Biosci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
[email protected] Australian Research Council; National Health and Medical Research Council This work was supported by grants from the Australian Research Council and the N ational Health and Medical Research Council. The authors acknowledge the facilit ies as well as scientific and technical assistance from staff in the AMMRF (Aust
ralian Microscopy and Microanalysis Research Facility) at the Australian Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney. They are grateful to Ms. Yannie Poon for technical assistance. 61 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELL E, NY 10801 USA 1937-3368 TISSUE ENG PART B-RE Tissue Eng. Part B-Rev. OCT 2011 17 5 365 372 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0235 8 Cell & Tissue Engineerin g; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnol ogy & Applied Microbiology 822VQ WOS:000295078600006 J Yuan, ZL; Nie, HM; Wang, S; Lee, CH; Li, A; Fu, SY; Zhou, H; Chen, LL; M ao, JJ Yuan, Zhenglin; Nie, Hemin; Wang, Shuang; Lee, C hang Hun; Li, Ang; Fu, Susan Y.; Zhou, Hong; Chen, Lili; Mao, Jeremy J. Biomaterial Selection for Tooth Regeneration TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEW S English Article MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS; BETA-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHA TE; SYNTHETIC EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; BONE MORPHOGENIC PROTEIN-2; HYALURONIC-ACID; IN-VITRO; ALGINATE HYDROGELS; CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; PERIODONTAL REGENERATION Biomaterials are native or synthetic polymers that act as carriers for drug deli very or scaffolds for tissue regeneration. When implanted in vivo, biomaterials should be nontoxic and exert intended functions. For tooth regeneration, biomate rials have primarily served as a scaffold for (1) transplanted stem cells and/or (2) recruitment of endogenous stem cells. This article critically synthesizes o ur knowledge of biomaterial use in tooth regeneration, including the selection o f native and/or synthetic polymers, three- dimensional scaffold fabrication, ste m cell transplantation, and stem cell homing. A tooth is a complex biological or gan. Tooth loss represents the most common organ failure. Tooth regeneration enc ompasses not only regrowth of an entire tooth as an organ, but also biological r estoration of individual components of the tooth including enamel, dentin, cemen tum, or dental pulp. Regeneration of tooth root represents perhaps more near-ter m opportunities than the regeneration of the whole tooth. In the adult, a tooth owes its biological vitality, arguably more, to the root than the crown. Biomate rials are indispensible for the regeneration of tooth root, tooth crown, dental pulp, or an entire tooth. [Yuan, ZL; Chen, LL] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol , Dept Stomatol, Union Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430022, Peoples R China; [Ni e, HM; Lee, CH; Fu, SY; Mao, JJ] Columbia Univ, Ctr Craniofacial Regenerat, New York, NY 10032 USA; [Wang, S; Li, A; Zhou, H] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Stomatol , Dept Basic Sci, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China Chen, LL (reprint author ), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Stomatol, Union Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430022, Peoples R China
[email protected]; jmao@columbia .edu NIH National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)[5RC2D E020767] The authors thank F. Guo and K. Hua for technical and administra tive assistance. This work was supported by the NIH Grant 5RC2DE020767 from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR). 151 0 0 MARY ANN LIEBERT INC NEW ROCHELLE 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA 1937-3368 TISSUE ENG PART B-RE Tissue Eng. Part B-Rev. OCT 2011 17 5 373 388 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0041 16 Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 822VQ WOS:000295078600 007 J Palacios, O; Atrian, S; Capdevila, M Palacios , Oscar; Atrian, Silvia; Capdevila, Merce Zn- and Cu-thioneins: a functional classification for metallothioneins? JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY English Review Metallothionein, Cu-thionein, Zn-thionein, biosynthesis; Metal binding, mass spe ctrometry, spectroscopic data; Protein engineering; Protein folding; Structure-f unction relationship METAL-BINDING FEATURES; RECOMBINANT MOUSE ZN-7-METALLOTH IONEIN-1; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MAMMALIAN METALLOTHIONEI N; COPPER-THIONEIN; IN-VIVO; CADMIUM(II) BINDING; FUSION PROTEIN; HEAVY-METALS This report intends to provide the reader with a deeper insight in the chemical,
and extensively biological, characteristics of the metallothionein (MT) system. We have devoted nearly 20 years to the study of MTs and this has allowed us to form what we believe is a more complete picture of this peculiar family of metal loproteins. At the beginning of the 1990s, the landscape of this field was quite different from the overall picture we have now. Many researchers have contribut ed to the readjustment of this part of scientific knowledge. In our case, we imp lemented a unified method for obtaining MTs, for characterizing their metal-bind ing features, and for applying a unified research rationale. All this has helped to enlarge the initial picture that was mainly dominated by mammalian MT1/MT2 a nd yeast Cup1, by introducing approximately 20 new MTs. It has also allowed some characteristics to be clarified and examined in more detail, such as the cooper ativity or the coexistence of multiple species in the metal-substitution reactio ns, the availability of Ag(I) or Cd(II) for use as respective probes for the Cu( I) and Zn(II) binding sites, the participation of chloride or sulfide ligands in the metal coordination spheres, and the feasibility of using in vitro data as r epresentative of in vivo scenarios. Overall, the results yield enough data to co nsider new criteria for a proposal of classification of MTs based on MT metal-bi nding features, which complements the previous classifications, and that can she d light on the still controversial physiological functions of this peculiar supe rfamily of metalloproteins. [Palacios, O; Capdevila, M] Univ Autonoma Barcel ona, Fac Ciencies, Dept Quim, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; [Atrian, S] Univ Barcelo na, Fac Biol, Dept Genet, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain Capdevila, M (reprint au thor), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Ciencies, Dept Quim, E-08193 Barcelona, Spai n
[email protected];
[email protected] Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion[BIO2009-12513-C02-01, BIO2009-12513-C02-02] We wish to thank the Spa nish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion for its continued financial support, and particularly for the current projects BIO2009-12513-C02-01 to S. A. and BIO2009 -12513-C02-02 to M. C. The authors are members of the Grup de Recerca de la Gene ralitat de Catalunya, reference 2009SGR-1457, and the COST Action (EU) CM0603 on Free Radicals in Chemical Biology. 83 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0949-8257 J BIOL INORG CHEM J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. OCT 2011 16 7 991 1009 10.1007/s00775-011-0827-2 19 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear Biochemi stry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry 822HJ WOS:000295034300003 J Kloeters, O; Berger, I; Ryssel, H; Megerle, K; Leimer, U; Germann, G Kloeters, Oliver; Berger, Irina; Ryssel, Henning; Megerle, Kai; Leimer, Uwe; Ger mann, Guenter Revitalization of cortical bone allograft by application of vascularized scaffolds seeded with osteogenic induced adipose tissue derived stem cells in a rabbit model ARCHIVES OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND TRAUMA SURGERY English Article Adipogenous stem cells; Cortical bone; Revascularization; Reconstruction; Composite graft; Scaffold; Tis sue engineering; Vascularized bone constructs STROMAL CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS ; POSTNATAL NEOVASCULARIZATION; FIBULA TRANSFER; GROWTH-FACTOR; MARROW; ISCHEMIA ; FAT; ANGIOGENESIS; SECRETION Background Adipogenous tissue derived stem cells (ASC) are available in abundance in the human body and can differentiate in the presence of lineage-specific induction factors, for example, in myogenic, adipo genic, chondrogenic and osteogenic cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of osteogenic induced ASC's (O-ASC) on revascularization and cellular repopulation of avital cortical bone employing a vascularized bovine scaffold. Methods An inguinal arterio-venous bundle was dissected in the groin of female w hite New Zealand rabbits (n = 6) and placed centrally inside an O-ASC seeded sca ffold via a central drill hole. In the same surgical session this construct was placed into a segment of avital cortical bone allograft from a donor rabbit. Uns eeded scaffolds that were implanted and treated in the same fashion served as co ntrols (n = 6). In order to prevent external revascularization, all constructs w ere wrapped in silicon foil and finally implanted in the rabbits' groin. Three m onths later, the constructs were explanted and investigated for vascularization of (a) the scaffold (b) the surrounding bone allograft. Histological stainings t o determine cell growth, cellular repopulation of the scaffold and the cortical
bone matrix, as well as inflammatory parameters were carried out. Results O-ASC seeded scaffolds showed a significant increase in new vessel formation in the sc affold as well as in the bone allograft compared to unseeded scaffolds. Furtherm ore, new vital osteocytes as a sign of cellular repopulation inside the bone all ograft were found only in the treatment group. Vital chondrocytes were only foun d in the O-ASC seeded scaffolds as well. Conclusion The presence of O-ASC signif icantly induce neo-vascularization and osteocytic repopulation of previously avi tal bone allograft as opposed to unseeded scaffolds in a rabbit model. Hence, th is model might be of relevant value for future bone tissue engineering research and for re-vitalizing marginally nourished bone such as in avascular bone necros is. [Leimer, U; Germann, G] Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Clin Plast Surg Aesthet & Prevent Med, ETHIANUM, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany; [Kloeters, O; Ryssel, H; Meg erle, K] Univ Heidelberg, BG Burn & Trauma Ctr Ludwigshafen, Dept Hand Plast & R econstruct Surg, Heidelberg, Germany; [Berger, I] Med Ctr Kassel, Dept Pathol, K assel, Germany Germann, G (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Clin Plast Su rg Aesthet & Prevent Med, ETHIANUM, Vossstr 6, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
[email protected] "Dietmar-Hopp-Stiftung'', Raiffeisenring St. Leon-Rot, Germany This study was supported by a grant from the "Dietmar-Ho pp-Stiftung'', Raiffeisenring 51, 68789 St. Leon-Rot, Germany; http://www.dietma r-hopp-stiftung.de. We gratefully acknowledge the laboratory work of Monika Engs tner, Regina Beck and Anna Dyjas. 27 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 0936-8051 ARCH ORTHOP TRAUM SU Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg. OCT 2011 131 10 1459 1466 10.1007/s00402-011-13065 8 Orthopedics; Surgery Orthopedics; Surgery 821EP WOS:000294958000021 J Gache, Y; Pin, D; Gagnoux-Palacios, L; Carozzo, C; Meneguzzi, G Gache, Yannick; Pin, Didier; Gagnoux-Palacios, Laurent; Carozzo, Claude; Meneguz zi, Guerrino Correction of Dog Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa by Tr ansplantation of Genetically Modified Epidermal Autografts JOURNAL OF INVES TIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY English Article CUTANEOUS GENE-THERAPY; VII COLLAGEN; STEM-CELLS; RETROVIRAL VECTORS; BASEMENT-M EMBRANE; LANGERHANS CELLS; SKIN; KERATINOCYTES; FIBROBLASTS; EXPRESSION Recessiv e dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a severe skin blistering condition caused by mutations in the gene coding for collagen type VII. Genetically engine ered RDEB dog keratinocytes were used to generate autologous epidermal sheets su bsequently grafted on two RDEB dogs carrying a homozygous missense mutation in t he col7a1 gene and expressing baseline amounts of the aberrant protein. Transpla nted cells regenerated a differentiated and vascularized auto-renewing epidermis progressively repopulated by dendritic cells and melanocytes. No adverse immune reaction was detected in either dog. In dog 1, the grafted epidermis firmly adh ered to the dermis throughout the 24-month follow-up, which correlated with effi cient transduction (100%) of highly clonogenic epithelial cells and sustained tr ansgene expression. In dog 2, less efficient (65%) transduction of primary kerat inocytes resulted in a loss of the transplanted epidermis and graft blistering 5 months after transplantation. These data provide the proof of principle for ex vivo gene therapy of RDEB patients with missense mutations in collagen type VII by engraftment of the reconstructed epidermis, and demonstrate that highly effic ient transduction of epidermal stem cells is crucial for successful gene therapy of inherited skin diseases in which correction of the genetic defect confers no major selective advantage in cell culture. [Gache, Y; Pin, D; Gagnoux-Palac ios, L; Meneguzzi, G] INSERM, U634, F-06107 Nice, France; [Gache, Y; Pin, D; Gag noux-Palacios, L; Meneguzzi, G] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Fac Med, Nice, Franc e; [Pin, D; Carozzo, C] Univ Lyon, Marcy Letoile, France Meneguzzi, G (re print author), INSERM, U634, F-06107 Nice, France
[email protected] DEBRA UK[MEN9, MEN10]; Association Francaise Contre les Myopathies[AFM 2005.1006 /11061]; EEC[LSHB-CT-2005-512073] We thank I Ponzio for technical assistan ce, S Buff for help, and A Charlesworth for critical reading of the manuscript. Financial support from DEBRA UK (MEN9, MEN10), the Association Francaise Contre les Myopathies (AFM 2005.1006/11061), and the EEC VI Framework Program (LSHB-CT-
2005-512073) is acknowledged. 51 0 0 NATURE PUBLISHIN G GROUP NEW YORK 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA 0022-202X J INVEST DERMATOL J. Invest. Dermatol. OCT 2011 131 10 2069 2078 10.1038/ jid.2011.172 10 Dermatology Dermatology 822RV WOS:000295068200016 J Wagenseil, JE Wagenseil, Jessica E. A constrained mixture model for developing mouse aorta BIOMECHANICS AND MODELIN G IN MECHANOBIOLOGY English Article Biomechanics; Arteries; Elastin; Collagen; Microstructure VASCULAR EXTRACE LLULAR-MATRIX; BLOOD-FLOW; CAROTID ARTERIES; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; MECHANICAL-P ROPERTIES; LONGITUDINAL TENSION; ELASTIC LAMINA; WALL MECHANICS; IN-VIVO; GROWTH Mechanical stresses influence the structure and function of adult and developing blood vessels. When these stresses are perturbed, the vessel wall remodels to r eturn the stresses to homeostatic levels. Constrained mixture models have been u sed to predict remodeling of adult vessels in response to step changes in blood pressure, axial length and blood flow, but have not yet been applied to developi ng vessels. Models of developing blood vessels are complicated by continuous and simultaneous changes in the mechanical forces. Understanding developmental grow th and remodeling is important for treating human diseases and designing tissueengineered blood vessels. This study presents a constrained mixture model for po stnatal development of mouse aorta with multiple step increases in pressure, len gth and flow. The baseline model assumes that smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the vessel wall immediately constrict or dilate the inner radius after a perturbatio n to maintain the shear stress and then remodel the wall thickness to maintain t he circumferential stress. The elastin, collagen and SMCs have homeostatic stret ch ratios and passive material constants that do not change with developmental a ge. The baseline model does not predict previously published experimental data. To approximate the experimental data, it must be assumed that the SMCs dilate a constant amount, regardless of the step change in mechanical forces. It must als o be assumed that the homeostatic stretch ratios and passive material constants change with age. With these alterations, the model approximates experimental dat a on the mechanical properties and dimensions of aorta from 3- to 30-day-old mic e. St Louis Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, St Louis, MO 63110 USA Wagenseil, JE (r eprint author), St Louis Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 3507 Lindell Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
[email protected] NIH[HL087563] I would like to thank Ro bert Mecham for helpful discussions and Ruth Okamoto and Rudolph Gleason for hel pful discussions and providing example Matlab files. Funding was provided by NIH grant HL087563. 40 0 0 SPRINGER HEIDELBERG HEIDELBERG TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY 1617-795 9 BIOMECH MODEL MECHAN Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol. OCT 2011 10 5 671 687 10.1007/ s10237-010-0265-z 17 Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedi cal Biophysics; Engineering 821ES WOS:000294958300006 J Nakayama, Y; Yahata, Y; Yamanami, M; Tajikawa, T; Ohba, K; Kanda, K; Yak u, H Nakayama, Yasuhide; Yahata, Yuki; Yamanami, Masa shi; Tajikawa, Tsutomu; Ohba, Kenkichi; Kanda, Keiichi; Yaku, Hitoshi A completely autologous valved conduit prepared in the open form of trileaflets (type VI biovalve): Mold design and valve function in vitro JOURNAL OF BIOME DICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS English Article autologous valve; biovalve; in vivo tissue engineering; sinus of Valsalva TISSUE ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY; HEART-VALVES; REPLACEMENT; MODEL; 10-YEAR; CELLS ; SINUS In-body tissue, architecture technology represents a promising approach for the development of living heart valve replacements and preparation of a seri es of biovalves. To reduce the degree of regurgitation and increase the orifice ratio, we designed a novel mold for a type VI biovalve. The mold had an outer di ameter of 14 mm for implantation in beagles, and it was prepared by assembling t wo silicone rods with a small aperture (1 mm) between them. One rod had three pr otrusions of the sinus of Valsalva, whereas the other was almost cylindrical. Wh en the molds were embedded in the subcutaneous pouches of beagles for 1 month, t
he native connective tissues that subsequently developed covered the entire oute r surface of the molds and migrated into the aperture between the rods. The mold from both sides of the harvested cylindrical implant was removed, and homogenou s well-balanced trileaflets were found to be separately formed in the open form with a small aperture at the three commissure parts inside the developed conduit , which had a thick homogenous wall even in the sinus of Valsalva. Exposure of t he obtained biovalves to physiological aortic valve flow in beagles revealed pro per opening motion with a wide orifice area. The closure dynamics were suboptima l, probably due to the reduction in the size of the sinus of Valsalva. The mecha nical behavior of this biovalve might allow its use as a living aortic valve rep lacement. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Bioma ter 99B: 135-141, 2011. [Nakayama, Y; Yahata, Y; Yamanami, M] Natl Cerebral & Ca rdiovasc Ctr, Res Inst, Div Med Engn & Mat, Osaka, Japan; [Yahata, Y; Tajikawa, T; Ohba, K] Kansai Univ, Dept Mech & Syst Engn, Osaka, Japan; [Yamanami, M; Kand a, K; Yaku, H] Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med, Dept Cardiovasc Surg, Kyoto, Japan Nakayama, Y (reprint author), Natl Cerebral & Cardiovasc Ctr, Res Inst, Div Med Engn & Mat, Osaka, Japan
[email protected] Ministry of Education, C ulture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan[B22390269, B23360374] Contract grant sponsor: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology o f Japan; contract grant numbers: B22390269, B23360374 22 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA US A 1552-4973 J BIOMED MATER RES B J. Biomed. Mater. Res. P art B OCT 2011 99B 1 135 141 10.1002/jbm.b.31880 7 Engineering, Biomedical; Materia ls Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 820NJ WOS:0002 94912400016 J Yang, JH; Kim, KH; You, CK; Rautray, TR; Kwon, TY Yang, Jung-Ho; Kim, Kyo-Han; You, Chang-Kook; Rautray, Tapash R.; Kwon, Tae-Yub Synthesis of spherical hydroxyapatite granules with interconnected pore channels using camphene emulsion JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART BAPPLIED BIOMATERIALS English Article calcium phosphate(s); microspheres; porosity; tissue engineering; bioactive mate rial POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE; IN-VITRO; SCAFFOLDS; GELATIN; MICROSPHERES; BIOCE RAMICS; OSTEOGENESIS; CERAMICS; DELIVERY; POROSITY The aim of this study wa s to fabricate porous spherical hydroxyapatite (HA) granules with interconnected pore channels for use as a bone graft substitute. Various weights of camphene p orogen were mixed with nano-sized HA powder (camphene/HA = 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, an d 90% w/w) and 10% gelatin aqueous solution then added to the mixture. The water -in-oil emulsion method was employed to obtain spherical-shaped granules, of whi ch those 1000-2000 mu m in diameter were selectively classified using a standard sieve set. Thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction were used to determ ine optimal sintering conditions. The sintered granules were characterized using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), microcomputed tomography, and porosimetry. The pore size and porosity of spherical HA granules increased with the addition of camphene. Granules with a HA/camphene ratio of 90% (HG90) d emonstrated macropores (>50 mu m) with interconnected pore channels (porosity: 5 8.49%). In addition, FE-SEM examination of HG90 coated with polycaprolactone sho wed that the granule may hold promise as a drug delivery carrier. We concluded t hat these HG90 granules merit consideration as a bone graft substitute or drug d elivery carrier in bone tissue engineering. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J B iomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 99B: 150-157, 2011. [Kim, KH; Rautra y, TR; Kwon, TY] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Dent Biomat, Taegu 700412, South Korea; [Yang, JH; You, CK] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Med & Biol Engn, Taegu 700412, South Korea Kwon, TY (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Dent Biomat, Taegu 700412, South Korea
[email protected] Ministry of Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, Republic of Korea[A091074] Contract grant sponsor: Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Hea lth, Welfare and Family Affairs, Republic of Korea; contract grant number: A0910 74 31 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1552-4973 J BIOMED MATER R
ES B J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B OCT 2011 99B 1 150 157 10.1002/jbm.b.31882 8 Engineer ing, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials S cience 820NJ WOS:000294912400018 J Roberts, JJ; Earnshaw, A; Ferguson, VL; Bryant, SJ Roberts, Justine J.; Earnshaw, Audrey; Ferguson, Virginia L.; Bryant, Stephanie J. Comparative study of the viscoelastic mechanical behavior of aga rose and poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS English Article agarose; poly(ethylene glycol); hydrogel; mechanical properties; cartilage tissu e engineering LINKING DENSITY INFLUENCES; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; UNCONFINED COMP RESSION; CONFINED COMPRESSION; PEG HYDROGELS; CHONDROCYTE METABOLISM; EXTRACELLU LAR-MATRIX; GELS; MODEL; CONSTRUCTS This study presents a comparative invest igation into differences in the mechanical properties between two hydrogels comm only used in cartilage tissue engineering [agarose vs. poly(ethylene glycol) (PE G)], but which are formed through distinctly different crosslinking mechanisms ( physical vs. covalent, respectively). The effects of hydrogel chemistry, precurs or concentration, platen type (nonporous vs. porous) used in compression bioreac tors, and degradation (for PEG) on the swelling properties and static and dynami c mechanical properties were examined. An increase in precursor concentration re sulted in decreased equilibrium mass swelling ratios but increased equilibrium m oduli and storage moduli for both hydrogels (p < 0.05). Agarose displayed large stress relaxations and a frequency dependence indicating its viscoelastic proper ties. Contrarily, PEG hydrogels displayed largely elastic behavior with minimal stress relaxation and frequency dependence. In biodegradable PEG hydrogels, the largely elastic behavior was retained during degradation. The type of platen did not affect static mechanical properties, but porous platens led to a reduced st orage modulus for both hydrogels implicating fluid flow. In summary, agarose and PEG exhibit vastly different mechanical behaviors; a finding largely attributed to differences in their chemistries and fluid movement. Taken together, these d esign choices (hydrogel chemistry/structure, loading conditions) will likely hav e a profound effect on the tissue engineering outcome. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodical s, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 99B: 158-169, 2011. [Roberts , JJ; Bryant, SJ] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; [ Earnshaw, A; Ferguson, VL] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA Bryant, SJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 8 0309 USA
[email protected] NIH/NIDCR[K22DE016608]; NIH/NIAM S[R01AR053126]; National Institute of Health; Department of Education Contract grant sponsor: NIH/NIDCR; contract grant number: K22DE016608Contract grant spon sor: NIH/NIAMS; contract grant number: R01AR053126Contract grant sponsor: Nation al Institute of Health (Leadership Training in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Prog ram (to JJR))Contract grant sponsor: Department of Education [Graduate Assistant ships in Areas of National Need (GAANN) fellowships (to JJR)] 68 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 0214 8, MA USA 1552-4973 J BIOMED MATER RES B J. Biomed. Mater . Res. Part B OCT 2011 99B 1 158 169 10.1002/jbm.b.31883 12 Engineering, Bio medical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 820NJ WOS:000294912400019 J Gluck, JM; Rahgozar, P; Ingle, NP; Rofail, F; Petrosian, A; Cline, MG; J ordan, MC; Roos, KP; MacLellan, WR; Shemin, RJ; Heydarkhan-Hagvall, S Gluck, Jessica M.; Rahgozar, Paymon; Ingle, Nilesh P.; Rofail, Fironia; Petrosia n, Asdghig; Cline, Michael G.; Jordan, Maria C.; Roos, Kenneth P.; MacLellan, Wi lliam Robb; Shemin, Richard J.; Heydarkhan-Hagvall, Sepideh Hybrid c oaxial electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds with limited immunological response cre ated for tissue engineering JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART BAPPLIED BIOMATERIALS English Article coaxial; electrospinning; polycaprolactone; polyurethane; gelatin; tissue engine ering Electrospinning using synthetic and natural polymers is a promis ing technique for the fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering. Numerous
synthetic polymers are available to maximize durability and mechanical propertie s (polyurethane) versus degradability and cell adhesion (polycaprolactone). In t his study, we explored the feasibility of creating scaffolds made of bicomponent nanofibers from both polymers using a coaxial electrospinning system. We used a core of poly(urethane) and a sheath of a mixture of poly(e-caprolactone) and ge latin, all dissolved in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluror-2-propanol. These nanofibrous sca ffolds were then evaluated to confirm their core-sheath nature and characterize their morphology and mechanical properties under static and dynamic conditions. Furthermore, the antigenicity of the scaffolds was studied to confirm that there is no significant foreign body response to the scaffold itself that would precl ude its use in vivo. The results show the advantages of combining both natural a nd synethic polymers to create a coaxial scaffold capable of withstanding dynami c culture conditions and encourage cellular migration to the interior of the sca ffold for tissue-engineering applications. Also, the results show that there is no significant immunoreactivity in vivo to the components of the scaffolds. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 99B: 180-1 90, 2011. [Gluck, JM; Rahgozar, P; Rofail, F; Petrosian, A; Cline, MG; She min, RJ; Heydarkhan-Hagvall, S] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, De pt Surg, Cardiovasc Tissue Engn Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; [Gluck, JM; Jord an, MC; Roos, KP; MacLellan, WR] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, D ept Med, Cardiovasc Res Labs, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; [Gluck, JM; Jordan, MC] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Cardiovasc Res Labs , Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA; [Ingle, NP] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Text, Ralei gh, NC 27695 USA Heydarkhan-Hagvall, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los A ngeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Surg, Cardiovasc Tissue Engn Lab, Los Angeles , CA 90095 USA
[email protected] Ruth L. Kirschstein National Res earch Service Award[T32HL69766]; CIRM[RB101354]; Department of Cardiothoracic Su rgery at UCLA Contract grant sponsor: Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Se rvice Award; contract grant number: T32HL69766 (to J.M.G.) and CIRM RB101354 (to W.R.M.).Contract grant sponsor: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at UCLA 23 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MAL DEN 02148, MA USA 1552-4973 J BIOMED MATER RES B J. Biome d. Mater. Res. Part B OCT 2011 99B 1 180 190 10.1002/jbm.b.31885 11 Engineer ing, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials S cience 820NJ WOS:000294912400021 J Chow, SKH; Lee, KM; Qin, L; Leung, KS; Cheung, WH Chow, Simon Kwoon-Ho; Lee, Kwong-Man; Qin, Ling; Leung, Kwok-Sui; Cheung, Wing-H oi Restoration of longitudinal growth by bioengineered cartilage pe llet in physeal injury is not affected by low intensity pulsed ultrasound JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS English Article cartilage; LIPUS; tissue culture; fracture; tissue engineering PROTEOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS; PLATE CHONDROCYT ES; CELL-PROLIFERATION; IN-VITRO; BONE; EXPRESSION; FRACTURES; SCAFFOLD; RABBIT; REPAIR Physeal fracture is a common pediatric fracture that would result in pre mature physeal closure in long bones, and there is currently no gold standard fo r its management. In this study, we investigated the application of a Bioenginee red Cartilage Pellet (BCP) in repairing a rabbit physeal fracture model, and the possible effects of Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment. Rabbits with physeal fracture created were assigned to the NC group (no BCP, no LIPUS), GC group (BCP, no LIPUS), and GT group (BCP and LIPUS). Femoral lengths and cart ilage area were assessed at 4, 8, and 16 weeks post-defect. After transplantatio n, the BCP showed continuous growth in the host and demonstrated resemblance to a natural growth plate. The GC group showed 34.1, 32.1, and 41.1% advantage in l engthening over the NC group and the GT group showed 51.1, 41.6, and 26.9% impro ved lengthening than the NC group, at 4 (p = 0.203), 8 (p = 0.543) and 16 weeks (p = 0.049), respectively. Cartilage area was shown to be significantly higher i n GC and GT group compared to NC group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found between GC and GT group. Femoral longitudinal growth was shown to be impr oved by the BCP, however no additional enhancement effect was shown to be provid
ed by LIPUS. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Bi omater 99B: 36-44, 2011. [Chow, SKH; Qin, L; Leung, KS; Cheung, WH] Chine se Univ Hong Kong, Prince Wales Hosp, Dept Orthopaed & Traumatol, Shatin, Hong K ong, Peoples R China; [Lee, KM] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Prince Wales Hosp, Li Ka Shing Inst Hlth Sci, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China; [Qin, L; Leung, KS] Ch inese Acad Sci, Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Inst Biomed & Hlth Engn, Shenzhen, Pe oples R China Cheung, WH (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Prince Wale s Hosp, Dept Orthopaed & Traumatol, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China louis@or t.cuhk.edu.hk Research Grant Council of Hong Kong[CUHK 4510/05M] The auth ors acknowledge Dr. Edmund Cheung for providing consultation for the surgical pr ocedures, and the Smith & Nephew Inc. for supporting of the ultrasound units. Th is research was supported by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (GRF Projec t CUHK 4510/05M). 28 0 0 WILEY-BLACKWELL MALDEN COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA 1552-4973 J BIOMED MATER RES B J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B OCT 2011 99B 1 36 44 10.1002/jbm.b.31869 9 Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering; Materials Science 820NJ WOS:000294912400005 J Onel, S; Zeid, A; Kamarthi, S Onel, Selen; Zei d, Abe; Kamarthi, Sagar The structure and analysis of nanotechnology coauthor and citation networks SCIENTOMETRICS English Article Co-author network; Citation network; Nano technology SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS; CO MPLEX NETWORKS; WIDE-WEB; DYNAMICS; INTERNET Research activities and collabor ations in nanoscale science and engineering have major implications for advancin g technological frontiers in many fields including medicine, electronics, energy , and communication. The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) promotes effor ts to cultivate effective research and collaborations among nano scientists and engineers to accelerate the advancement of nanotechnology and its commercializat ion. As of August 2008, there have been over 800 products considered to benefit from nanotechnology directly or indirectly. However, today's accomplishments in nanotechnology cannot be transformed into commercial products without productive collaborations among experts from disparate research areas such as chemistry, p hysics, math, biology, engineering, manufacturing, environmental sciences, and s ocial sciences. To study the patterns of collaboration, we build and analyze the collaboration network of scientists and engineers who conduct research in nanot echnology. We study the structure of information flow through citation network o f papers authored by nano area scientists. We believe that the study of nano are a co-author and paper citation networks improve our understanding of patterns an d trends of the current research efforts in this field. We construct these netwo rks based on the publication data collected for years ranging 1993 through 2008 from the scientific literature database "Web of Science". We explore those netwo rks to find out whether they follow power-law degree distributions and/or if the y have a signature of hierarchy. We investigate the small-world characteristics and the existence of possible community structures in those networks. We estimat e the statistical properties of the networks and interpret their significance wi th respect to the nano field. [Onel, S; Zeid, A; Kamarthi, S] Northeastern Uni v, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA Kamarthi, S (reprint author), No rtheastern Univ, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 360 Huntington Ave,334 SN, Boston, MA 021 15 USA
[email protected] 46 0 0 SPRINGER DORDRECHT VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHE RLANDS 0138-9130 SCIENTOMETRICS Scientometrics OCT 2011 89 1 119 138 10.1007/s11192-0 11-0434-6 20 Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Appl ications; Information Science & Library Science Computer Science; Information Sc ience & Library Science 819PN WOS:000294839200006 J Lewison, G; Markusova, V Lewison, Grant; Markusova, Valentina Female researchers in Russia: have they become m ore visible? SCIENTOMETRICS English Article Women scientists; Russia; Bibliometrics; Surnames; Citations GENDER-GAP; SCIE NTIFIC PRODUCTIVITY; BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS; CANCER-RESEARCH; SCIENCE; WOMEN; TEC
HNOLOGY; AUTHORSHIP; JOURNALS; CITATION This study is based on the fact that the surnames of many Russian scientists have gender endings, with "a" denoting a fe male, so that the sex of most of them can be readily determined from the listing of authors in the Web of Science (WoS). A comparison was made between the propo rtion of females in 1985, 1995, and 2005, with a corresponding analysis of the m ajor fields in which they worked, their propensity to co-author papers internati onally (which often necessitates having the opportunity to travel to conferences abroad to meet possible colleagues), and their citation records. We found, as e xpected, that women had a higher presence in the biological sciences and a very low presence in engineering, mathematics, and physics. Their citation scores, on a fractionated basis, were lower than those for men in almost all fields and ye ars, and were not explained by their writing of fewer reviews and papers in Engl ish (both of which lead to higher citations), or their lower amount of internati onal collaboration in 1995 and 2005 after Russia had become a more open society. [Lewison, G] UCL, Dept Informat Studies, London WC1E 6BT, England; [Markusova, V ] Russian Acad Sci, VINITI, Moscow 125190, Russia Lewison, G (reprint auth or), UCL, Dept Informat Studies, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England grantlew
[email protected];
[email protected] 41 0 0 SPRINGER DORDRECHT VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECH T, NETHERLANDS 0138-9130 SCIENTOMETRICS Scientometrics OCT 2011 89 1 139 152 10.1007/ s11192-011-0435-5 14 Computer Science, Interdisciplin ary Applications; Information Science & Library Science Computer Science; Inform ation Science & Library Science 819PN WOS:000294839200007 J Tennant, SM; Wang, JY; Galen, JE; Simon, R; Pasetti, MF; Gat, O; Levine, MM Tennant, Sharon M.; Wang, Jin-Yuan; Galen, James E.; Simon, Raphael; Pasetti, Marcela F.; Gat, Orit; Levine, Myron M. Engineering and Preclinical Evaluation of Attenuated Nontyphoidal Salmonella Str ains Serving as Live Oral Vaccines and as Reagent Strains INFECTION AND IM MUNITY English Article NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; HOOK-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS ; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED BACTEREMIA; AGED 2-29 MONTHS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; MALAWIAN CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; THAI CHILDREN; INFECTIONS While nontyphoidal Salmo nella (NTS) has long been recognized as a cause of self-limited gastroenteritis, it is becoming increasingly evident that multiple-antibiotic-resistant strains are also emerging as important causes of invasive bacteremia and focal infection s, resulting in hospitalizations and deaths. We have constructed attenuated Salm onella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis strains that can serve as live oral vaccines and as "reagent strains" for subuni t vaccine production in a safe and economical manner. Prototype attenuated vacci ne strains CVD 1921 and CVD 1941, derived from the invasive wild-type strains S. Typhimurium I77 and S. Enteritidis R11, respectively, were constructed by delet ing guaBA, encoding guanine biosynthesis, and clpP, encoding a master protease r egulator. The clpP mutation resulted in a hyperflagellation phenotype. An additi onal deletion in fliD yielded reagent strains CVD 1923 and CVD 1943, respectivel y, which export flagellin monomers. Oral 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) analyses showe d that the NTS vaccine strains were all highly attenuated in mice. Oral immuniza tion with CVD 1921 or CVD 1923 protected mice against lethal challenge with wild -type S. Typhimurium I77. Immunization with CVD 1941 but not CVD 1943 protected mice against lethal infection with S. Enteritidis R11. Immune responses induced by these strains included high levels of serum IgG anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-flagellum antibodies, with titers increasing progressively during the immunization schedule. Since S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis are the most comm on NTS serovars associated with invasive disease, these findings can pave the wa y for development of a highly effective, broad-spectrum vaccine against invasive NTS. [Tennant, SM; Wang, JY; Galen, JE; Simon, R; Pasetti, MF; Gat, O; Levine , MM] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA Tennant, SM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, 685 W Baltimore S t,HSF 1,Room 480, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
[email protected] Middle Atlantic RCE Program[NIAID/NIH 2 U54 AI057168]; NIH[T32 AI07524] Funding
for this study was from the Middle Atlantic RCE Program NIAID/NIH 2 U54 AI057168 grant (M.M.L., principal investigator). R.S. was also supported by NIH T32 AI07 524, Fellowship Training Program in Vaccinology (M.M.L., principal investigator) . 64 1 1 AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY WASHINGTON 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA 0019-9567 INFECT I MMUN Infect. Immun. OCT 2011 79 10 4175 4185 10.1128/IAI.05278-11 11 Immunolo gy; Infectious Diseases Immunology; Infectious Diseases 821BY WOS:000294951000 033 J Simon, R; Tennant, SM; Wang, JY; Schmidlein, PJ; Lees, A; Ernst, RK; Pas etti, MF; Galen, JE; Levine, MM Simon, Raphael; Tennant, Sharon M.; Wang, Jin Y.; Schmidlein, Patrick J.; Lees, Andrew; Ernst, Robert K. ; Pasetti, Marcela F.; Galen, James E.; Levine, Myron M. Salmonel la enterica Serovar Enteritidis Core O Polysaccharide Conjugated to H:g,m Flagel lin as a Candidate Vaccine for Protection against Invasive Infection with S. Ent eritidis INFECTION AND IMMUNITY English Article NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED BACTEREMIA; 2-TO 4-YEAR-OLD CHILDRE N; AGED 2-29 MONTHS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; 1-CYANO-4-DIMETHYLAMINOPYRIDINIUM TETRAFL UOROBORATE; SOLUBLE POLYSACCHARIDES; IMMUNOLOGICAL REAGENTS; TYPHIMURIUM INFECTI ON; BACTERIAL FLAGELLIN Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis an d Typhimurium are a common cause of gastroenteritis but also cause invasive infe ctions and enteric fever in certain hosts (young children in sub-Saharan Africa, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals). Salmonella O polysaccharides ( OPS) and flagellar proteins are virulence factors and protective antigens. The s urface polysaccharides of Salmonella are poorly immunogenic and do not confer im munologic memory, limitations overcome by covalently attaching them to carrier p roteins. We conjugated core polysaccharide-OPS (COPS) of Salmonella Enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to flagellin protein from the homologous strain. COPS a nd flagellin were purified from a genetically attenuated (Delta guaBA) "reagent strain" (derived from an isolate from a patient with clinical bacteremia) engine ered for increased flagellin production (Delta clpPX). Conjugates were construct ed by linking flagellin monomers or polymers at random COPS hydroxyls with vario us polysaccharide/protein ratios by 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluor oborate (CDAP) or at the 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO) terminus by thio ether chemistry. Mice immunized on days 0, 28, and 56 with COPS-flagellin conjug ates mounted higher anti-LPS IgG levels than mice receiving unconjugated COPS an d exhibited high antiflagellin IgG; anti-LPS and antiflagellin IgG levels increa sed following booster doses. Antibodies generated by COPS-flagellin conjugates m ediated opsonophagocytosis of S. Enteritidis cells into mouse macrophages. Mice immunized with flagellin alone, COPS-CRM(197), or COPS-flagellin conjugates were significantly protected from lethal challenge with wild-type S. Enteritidis (80 to 100% vaccine efficacy). [Simon, R; Tennant, SM; Wang, JY; Schmidlein, PJ ; Pasetti, MF; Galen, JE; Levine, MM] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, B altimore, MD 21201 USA; [Simon, R; Tennant, SM; Wang, JY; Schmidlein, PJ; Galen, JE; Levine, MM] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA; [Pas etti, MF; Levine, MM] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 U SA; [Ernst, RK] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Microbial Pathogenesis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA; [Lees, A] Fina Biosolut, Rockville, MD USA Simon, R (reprin t author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, HSFI 480,685 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
[email protected] NIH[T32 AI07524] ; Middle Atlantic RCE Program[NIAID/NIH 2 U54 AI057168]; NIAID/NIH[R01065760] R.S. was supported by NIH T32 AI07524 Fellowship Training Program in Vaccinology (M.M.L., principal investigator). M.M.L., R.S., S.M.T., and J.E.G. also receive d support from Middle Atlantic RCE Program, NIAID/NIH 2 U54 AI057168. M.F.P. rec eived support from NIAID/NIH R01065760. We declare no conflict of interest with regard to this study. 73 0 0 AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY WASHINGTON 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA 0019-9567 INFECT IMMUN Infect. Immun. OCT 2011 79 10 4240 4249 10.1128/IAI.05484-11 10 Immunolo gy; Infectious Diseases Immunology; Infectious Diseases 821BY WOS:000294951000
040 J Shan, L; Emmanuel, S Shan, Liang; Emmanuel, S abu Mobile Agent Protection with Self-Modifying Code JOURNAL OF SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO TECHNOLOGY English Article Mobile agent code; Selfmodifying code obfuscation SECURITY Mobile agent is widely used in a rea such as parallel distributed computing for higher performance. But security issues threaten both the algorithm and data running on mobile agent system. The sensitive information within mobile agent code is inclined to be reverse enginee red on a host platform. Obfuscation provides effective protection in this case w ith little execution time and storage size overhead. In this paper, we propose a n obfuscation algorithm based on self-modifying code to prevent mobile agent cod e from attack at function level. We implement the algorithm and prove the effica cy of the algorithm. [Shan, L; Emmanuel, S] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Comp En gn, Singapore, Singapore Shan, L (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Comp Engn, Singapore, Singapore
[email protected];
[email protected]. sg 22 0 0 SPRINGER NEW YORK 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA 1939-8018 J SIGNAL PROCESS SYS J. Signal Process. Syst. Signal Image Video Technol. OCT 2011 65 1 105 116 10.1007/s11265-0 10-0548-8 12 Computer Science, Information Systems; E ngineering, Electrical & Electronic Computer Science; Engineering 819OW WOS:000294837200009 J Elsayed, EA Elsayed, E. A. Solving Engineering Mechanics Problems with MATLAB (Hardcover) JOURNAL OF THE OPERATION AL RESEARCH SOCIETY English Book Review [Elsayed, EA] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA Elsayed, EA (rep rint author), Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA 1 0 0 PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD BASINGSTOKE BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND 0160-5682 J OPER RES SOC J. Oper. Res. Soc. OCT 2011 62 10 1904 1905 2 Management; Operations R esearch & Management Science Business & Economics; Operations Research & Mana gement Science 820BM WOS:000294880500016 J Eckert, M; Egenberger, B; Doring, F; Wischmeyer, E Eckert, Michaela; Egenberger, Brigitte; Doering, Frank; Wischmeyer, Erhard TREK-1 isoforms generated by alternative translation initiation display differen t susceptibility to the antidepressant fluoxetine NEUROPHARMACOLOGY English Article K(2)P channels; ATI isof orms; Cellular excitability; Background current; Antidepressants; SSRI DOMAIN P OTASSIUM-CHANNEL; BACKGROUND K+ CHANNEL; DEPRESSION; TRAAK; ANESTHETICS; TASK-1; GENE Two-pore-domain K(+) (K(2)P) channels are highly expressed in neurons an d cardiac myocytes. In this study we investigated the potency of the antidepress ant fluoxetine to inhibit brain and cardiac K(2)P channels, TREK-1, TASK-1 and T HIK-1. Maximal sensitivity was detected for TREK-1, which was inhibited by 77% w hen expressed in HEK-293 cells and Xenopus oocytes. Alternative translation init iation (ATI) generates two different protein products from a single transcript o f TREK-1. Electrophysiological analysis of two polypeptides engineered by mutage nesis (TREK-1[M53I], TREK-1[Delta N52]) revealed reduced current amplitude and K (+) selectivity of the truncated TREK-1 isoform. The sensitivity of TREK-1[Delta N52] to fluoxetine decreased by 70%, indicating that the first 52 amino acids a re essential for TREK-1 sensitivity to this drug. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rig hts reserved. [Eckert, M; Doring, F; Wischmeyer, E] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Physio l, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany; [Egenberger, B] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Anat & Cell Bi ol, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany Wischmeyer, E (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, I nst Physiol, Rontgenring 9, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany e.wischmeyer@uni-wuerzbu rg.de Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Research Training Group)[1253/1] We thank Tanja Martini, Maria Oppmann and Brigitte Trost for technical assistanc e. We are also grateful to Corey Smith for proofreading the manuscript. This wor k was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Research Training Group
1253/1). 30 0 0 PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD OXFORD THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND 0028-3908 NEUROPHARMACOLOGY Neuropharmacology OCT-NOV 2011 61 5-6 918 923 10.1016/ j.neuropharm.2011.06.020 6 Neurosciences; Pharmacol ogy & Pharmacy Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy 820AX WOS:000294879000004
