SAP2000 Tutorial Example Analysis and Design of Continuous RC Beam (US Units)
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Table of Content Objective ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Problem ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Material.................................................................................................................................................... 3 Step-by-Step Solution ............................................................................................................................... 3 Step-by-Step Solution ............................................................................................................................... 3 1.
Start modeling by template .......................................................................................................... 3
2.
Define Material Properties............................................................................................................ 3
3.
Frame Section Properties............................................................................................................. 3
4.
Define Load Cases ........................................................................................................................ 3
5.
Define Load Combinations ........................................................................................................... 3
6.
Assign Section Properties and Restraints ................................................................................. 3
7.
Assign Loads .................................................................................................................................. 3
8.
Analyzing the building ................................................................................................................... 3
9.
View Analysis Results................................................................................................................... 3
10.
Design Structure ........................................................................................................................ 3
ACECOMS, AIT
2/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams
Objective To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling , static analysis and design of Continuous beams using ACI 318-99 Problem Carryout the modeling, analysis and design for continuous beams as shown below Material E = 3120 ksi fc’ = 4 ksi fy = 60 ksi fys = 35 ksi (stirrups) Poissons Ratio = 0.2 Concrete cover to longitudinal rebar center = 3 in w(LL) = 1.6 klf
P(LL) = 15 kip
w(DL) = 2.2 klf Exclude beam weight
5'
15'
5'
25'
10'
15'
25'
30"
Beam Section 20"
ACECOMS, AIT
3/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step-by-Step Solution 1. Start modeling by template
Step 1-1: Start up screen of SAP2000, select the working unit “Kip-ft” from dropdown menu on the bottom-right of screen then select “File” + “New model from Template” to start new model.
Step 1-2: Select beam template button, enter “Number of Spans” (2) and “Span Length (25 ft)”.
ACECOMS, AIT
4/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 1-3: Back to main screen, showing structure in “3D view” (left window) and “XZ Plane” view (right window) with restrains and grid lines that have been assigned automatically.
2. Define Material Properties
Step 2-1: Change the working unit from “Kip-ft” to “Kip-in” from drop-down menu on the bottom-right of screen.
ACECOMS, AIT
5/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 2-2: From main menu, select “Define” + “Material”, “Define Materials” editor shows 3 default materials, select “4000psi” and click “Modify/Show Material”.
Step 2-3: Enter material properties for Concrete, for this example, accept default properties. Click “OK”.
ACECOMS, AIT
6/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams 3. Frame Section Properties
Step 3-1: Go to “Define” + “Section Properties”+ “Frame Sections”. In “Define Frame Sections” window shows “FSEC1” as default section that has been assigned to all frame elements, click “Add new property”
Step 3-2: Select “Concrete” from dropdown box and click on “Rectangular” to add the section
ACECOMS, AIT
7/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 3-3: Enter “Depth” (30”), enter “Width” (20”), change “Material” from “STEEL” to “CONC” and click “Reinforcement” button.
Step 3-4: In “Reinforcement Data”, select “Beam” from “Element Class”, specify “Concrete Cover to Rebar Center” for “Top” (3”) and “Bottom” (3”).
ACECOMS, AIT
8/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams 4. Define Load Cases
Step 4-1: From main menu select “Define” + “Load Pattern”. Enter “DL” into “Load Pattern Name” edit box and click “Modify Load Pattern” button. Enter “LL” into “Load Pattern Name” edit box select “LIVE” from Type, change “Self Weight Multiplier” to 0 and click “Add New Load Pattern”
5. Define Load Combinations Step 5-1: To define load combinations, go to "Define" + "Load Combinations" and press on "Add New Combo"
Step 5-2: Enter "COMB1" in "Load Combination Name", select “Linear Add" from "Load Combination Type", select "DEAD” from Load Case Name", enter 1.4 in "Scale Factor" and click "Add".
ACECOMS, AIT
9/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams
Step 5-3: Repeat similar steps as Step 5-1 and 5-2 to define "COMB2" Load Combination for 1.4DL+1.7LL
6. Assign Section Properties and Restraints
Step 6-1: Section properties and restrains have been assigned automatically by starting model from Template. Both of them can be displayed by clicking "Set Display Options” button or go to "View" + "Set Display Options" from main screen and selecting "Section" from "Frames" and "Restraints" from "Joints".
ACECOMS, AIT
10/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 6-2: Select the frames using select button
Step 6-3: From the main menu select “Assign” + “Section Properties” + “Frame Sections”, and select the FSEC2 and click “OK”
Step 6-4: To assign Number of output along each element, select all beams by clicking “Select All” button, go to “Assign” + “Frame” + “Output Stations” and enter 4 into “Min Number Stations”.
ACECOMS, AIT
11/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams 7. Assign Loads
Step 7-1: back to main screen, close “3D View” window and maximize “X-Z Plane” window. Change working unit to “Kip-ft” and select all beams by windowing or clicking “Select All” button. All number of selected objects will be reported in the bottom-left of screen.
Step 7-3: Select first beam and go to “Assign” + “Frame Loads” + “Distributed”.
ACECOMS, AIT
12/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step7-4: Select “LL” from “Load Case Name” and “Global Z” from “Direction”. Select “Absolute Distance End-I” and enter similar values in “Trapezoidal Loads” box as show in above figure
Step7-5: Select second beam and go to “Assign” + “Frame Loads” + “Point”.
ACECOMS, AIT
13/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 7-6: Select "LL" from "Load Case Name" and "Global Z" from "Direction", select "Absolute Distance End-I" and enter 10 in "Distance" box 2 and -15 in "Load" box 2.
8. Analyzing the building
Step 8-1: To set analysis option, select "Analyze" + "Set Options", select “XZ Plane” and click "OK"
ACECOMS, AIT
14/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 8-1: Click Run Now to run the analysis
9. View Analysis Results View displacements Step 9-1: Displacements can be display from “Display” + “Show Deformed Shape”, enter “Scale Factor” or select “Auto” and select “Options” • “Wire Shadow” to display undeformed shape line • “Cubic Curve” to display deformed shape in cubic curve
ACECOMS, AIT
15/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 9-2: Deformed shape animation can be activated by clicking “Start Animation”. Speed of animation can be customized during animation by sliding/adjusting at the bottom right corner.
Step 9-3: Animation can be exported in AVI format file from “File” + “Create Video” + “Create Cycle Animation Video”.'
ACECOMS, AIT
16/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Viewing Member Forces Step 9-4: To display Axial forces, Shear, Moment or Torsion, go to “Display” + “Show Element Forces/Stresses” + “Frames” and select “Load”, “Component”, “Scaling” and “Fill Diagram” or “Show Values on Diagram”
Step 9-5: Member forces diagram can be shown for a particular element by right mouse click over the element.
ACECOMS, AIT
17/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Viewing Reactions Step 9-6: To display Reactions, go to “Display” + “Show Element Forces/Stresses” + “Joints” or click “Joint Reaction Forces” button and select “Load” and “Reaction” from “Type”
Step 9-7: Joint Forces can be shown for a particular joint by right mouse click over the element.
ACECOMS, AIT
18/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams 10. Design Structure
Step 10-1: Select "Design” + “Concrete Frame Design” + “View/Revise Reference” and specify desired design parameters.
Step 10-2: Select "Design” + “Concrete Frame Design” + “Select Design Combos” and select load combination for design.
ACECOMS, AIT
19/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 10-3: Start design by selecting "Design” + “Concrete Frame Design” + “Start Design/Check of Structures”
Step 10-4: Select "Design” + “Concrete Frame Design” + “Display Design Info”
ACECOMS, AIT
20/21
SAP2000 Tutorial Example: Analysis & Design of Continuous RC Beams Step 10-5: Concrete Design Information contains all design outputs in each load cases and load combination can be displayed by right mouse click over the element.
Step 10-6: Summary and Detail Design can be shown by clicking “Summary”, “Flex Details” or “Shear Details: button.
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