SANS1783-4[1]

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ISBN 978-0-626-23915-2

SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

 

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Sawn softwood timber Part 4: Brandering and battens

WARNING — Can only be used in conjunction with SANS 1783-1.

Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za www.sabs.co.za    SABS

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4  Table of changes Change No.  No. 

Date   Date

Scope   Scope

 Amdt 1

1999

Amended to change th the e marking rrequirem equirements. ents.

 Amdt 2

2004

Amended to u update pdate refer referenced enced stand standards, ards, to change and and clarify the tolerance requirement on dimensions, to add a definition for “approved” and to renumber the existing definitions accordingly, to include marking requirements for finger-jointed brandering and battens, to change references to the t he certification mark scheme, and to delete reference to the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) as the only approval authority.

 Amdt 3

2007

Amended to change the requirement requirement for splits, to change some of the permissible knot and knot hole dimensions in table 1 and to add others, to delete one of the permissible defects (discoloration) in table 2 and to add others, to include dimensions for millimetres for permissible twist in table 3, and to renumber annex C (Bibliography).

 Amdt 4

2010

Amended to revise references to t o certification marks and to update referenced standards.

Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 1008A, Wood and associated products – Sawn timber , in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. June 2010. This document was published in June  2010. This document supersedes SANS 1783-4:2007 (edition 1.3).  A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been technically modified by amendment amendment No. 4. SANS 1783 consists of the following parts, under the general title Sawn softwood timber: Part 1: General requirements. Part 2: Stress-graded structural timber and timber for frame wall construction. Part 3: Industrial timber. Part 4: Brandering and battens.  Annexes A and and B form an integral part part of this document. document.

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Amdt 3

 

SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

Introduction The main purpose of grading brandering and battens is to establish and maintain an acceptable uniformity in the products of different mills, so that a given grade will represent the same quality and be usable for the same purpose, regardless of the nature of the raw materials from which it was derived or the mill by which it was produced. Grading therefore provides both manufacturers and users with known values on which to base contracts. The grading in this standard is based on the assumption that the brandering and battens are to be used in the dimensions in which they were graded. Conversion of any kind after grading will alter the size-defect ratio. Because of this and the possibility of their having been unsuitably stored or transported, brandering and battens marked in accordance with 7.2 cannot be assumed to comply with all the relevant requirements at any time other than the time of dispatch from the mill at which they were graded.

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

Contents Page Foreword Introduction Introductio n ................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................

1

1 Scope ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ................................................

3

2 Normative reference references s ............................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................

3

3 Definition Definitions s .......................................................................... .............................................................................................................................. ....................................................

3

4 Grade requirem requirements ents ........................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ....................................

4

5 Physical requirements requirements ............................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................

8

6 Inspection and methods of test .............................................................................................. 10 7 Packing and marking ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. 11 Figures 2 – 10....................................................................................... 10..............................................................................................................................12 .......................................12 -16 -16   Annex A (normative (normative)) Notes to purchaser purchasers s .............................. ................................................................................ .................................................. 17 Annex B (normative (normative)) Quality verification o off timber units and assessment of of compliance compliance ........

17

Bibliography  ..................................................................... Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. ......................................................... 17 Amdt 3

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

Sawn softwood timber Part 4:  4:  Brandering and battens

1 Scope This part of SANS 1783 specifies requirements for one grade of timber suitable for use as brandering and battens intended for being fixed against beams and joists in roofs for the attachment of ceilings andtiles, for the boxing in of eaves, and for use as supports on roof trusses for the fixing of roofing slates, wooden shingles and thatch. NOTES 1 Deleted by amendment No. 2. 2 Except if verified by an approved authority, assessment assessment of com compliance pliance with the requiremen requirements ts of 5.5 and 5.6 of this part of SANS 1783 requires special agreement between the supplier and the purchaser. Amdt 2; amdt 4

2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a standard is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that standard, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division. SANS 1091, National colour standard.

Amdt 2

SANS 1783-1, Sawn softwood timber – Part 1: General requirements. SANS 10096, The manufacture of finger-jointed structural timber. SANS 10183-2, Adhesives 10183-2, Adhesives for wood – wood – Part 2: Requirements Requirements for structural applications. applications.

Amdt 4

3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of SANS 1783, the definitions in clause 3 of SANS 1783-1 and the following definitions apply:

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4 3.1 approved approved by the authority administering this standard

Amdt 2

Amdt 2 3.2   3.2 checked knot a through face knot exposed on two or three arrises with a check extending over the full length or width, as relevant, of the exposed surface of the knot or over the full width of a face of the piece (see figure 4) Amdt 2 3.3  3.3  dead knot a knot in which the fibres are only partly intergrown with those of the surrounding wood and that sometimes includes bark

3.4  3.4  edge knot a knot, other than a through face knot, that occurs on an edge (see figure 6)

Amdt 2

Amdt 2 3.5  3.5  exposed loose knot a through face knot exposed on two or three arrises and that has shrunk away from the surrounding wood for at least 50 % of the circumference circumference of the knot on the worst face

4 Grade requirements The requirements given in clause 4 of SANS 1783-1 and the following requirements apply:

4.1 Grade Each piece shall be either visually stress-graded or mechanically proof-graded in accordance with annex C of SANS 1783-1.

4.2 Freedom from defects 4.2.1 Permissible defects When inspected in accordance with clause 6, brandering and battens shall not contain more than a combination of, a) in the case of visually stress-graded timber, the appropriate maxima of knots and other defects given in tables 1, 2 and 3, and b) in the case of mechanically proof-graded timber, the appropriate maxima of defects given in tables 2 and 3.

4.2.2 Other defects The timber shall be free from a) cross-fracture (compression breaks), b) decay, other than decay in knots, c) insect damage, other than that caused by bark borers, and d) splits, and

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Amdt 3

 

SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4 e) in the case of mechanically proof-graded pieces, in those end sections of a piece that cannot be so graded, strength-reducing defects that exceed those that appear in the proof-graded length of the piece or those given in tables 1 and 2.

4.2.3 Machining defects In the case of regularized timber, machine damage shall be allowed in only two areas, each of maximum length 50 mm, and machine skips shall be allowed only for a total length of 500 mm along any regularized surface of a piece, provided, in both cases, that the width and the thickness are not reduced below the minimum permissible dimensions after applying the specified tolerances (see table 4), and that each piece with machining defects not occurring within 300 mm of an end can withstand the proofload given in annex C of SANS 1783-1 without showing any sign of fracture. Table 1 — Permissible knot and knot hole dimensions 1

2

Defect

Maximum sum of sizes  of knots or knot holes (or both) in the worst w orst 75 mm length of a piece

1)

a) Knots and knot holes of size not exceeding 6 mm and superficial face splay knots  

Not limited

b) Through face knots (on face-side and back or on both edges, as relevant, judged together): Knots not exposed on an arris (see figure 2), knots exposed on one arris (see figure 3), and knots exposed on two arrises (see figure 4)

1½ width of face

Dead knots, loose knots and knot holes exposed on 2) adjacent faces   Checked and exposed loose knots (see note to figure 4) Knots exposed on three arrises (see figure 5)

Face plus edge 1¼ width of face Not allowed

3)

c) Edge knots (on both edges judged together)   Knots not exposed on an arris (see figure 6), knots exposed on 1 arris (see figure 7), and knots exposed on 2 arrises (see figure 8)

1½ width of the edge

d) Through dead knots, through loose knots and through 4) knot holes (judged on the worst face)  

25 mm

e) All knots and knot holes (on face-side, back and both 5) edges), of size exceeding 6 mm:   When pith is present (see also figure 9)

Sum of width and thickness of piece  

When no pith is present  

Two splay knots on adjacent faces

5)

Sum of width and 1½ thickness of piece

5)

5)

Sum of width and thickness of piece  

1) 2) 3) 4)

See annex C of SANS 1783 1783-1. -1. Provided that the knot or knot hole is not exposed on two arrises of the face on which it occurs. Applicable to rec rectangular tangular pieces only. Provided that a knot or knot hole that is exposed on two arrises of the same edge on which it might occur shall not exceed ½ width of face. 5) Where two knots occur at the same position extending across the two adjacent faces touching the common arris, one of the splay knots shall be measured in the same way as through face knots are measured (i.e. on the basis of the opposite faces being judged together (see figure 9)). Amdt 3

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4 Table 2 — Permissible defects, other than decay, insect damage, cross-fracture, knots and knot holes 1

2

Defect

Dimension, max.

1)

a)  Checks : Width Sum of lengths b) Splits not exceeding 150 mm in length

2 mm ⅔ length of piece

One at each end

c) General slope of grain 

1 in 7

d) Wane: Of width not more than 5 mm

Not limited

Of width more than 5 mm but not exceeding ¾ width of face (i.e. face-side, back or edge, as relevant)

Width   Length:

40 mm ⅓ length of piece

Of width not more than ½ width of face or edge

Length:

length of piece

2)

e) Warp (per one metre length of a piece, and pro rata for fractions of a metre): Twist

See table 3

Bow

25 mm

Spring

25 mm

1) Hair checks of width not exceeding 0,5 mm shall not be regarded as defects. 2) Measured around arris arris.. Amdt 3 

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Amdt 3

 

  Table 3 — Permissible twist 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Maximum twist, in degrees and millimetres per unit width 38 mm and 50 mm  mm  Length of piece  piece  Moisture content  content 

m 2,1 – 2,7 Degrees

g/kg

3 – 3,9  3,9 

mm

Degrees

4,2 – 4,8  4,8 

mm

Degrees

5,1 – 5,7  5,7 

mm

Degrees

6 or more

mm

Degrees

mm

38

50

38

50

38

50

38

50

38

50

Not more than 130

10

7

9

13

9

11

16

11

14

20

13

18

22

14

19

More than 130 but not more than 160

9

6

8

11

7

10

13

9

11

16

11

14

18

12

16

More than 160

7

5

6

9

6

8

11

7

10

13

9

11

15

10

13 Amdt 3

 



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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

5 Physical requirements The requirements given in clause 5 of SANS 1783-1 and the following requirements apply:

5.1 Dimensions 5.1.1 Width and and thickness thickness The nominal width and the nominal thickness of a piece shall be one of the following combinations, as required: a) 38 mm × 38 mm; b) 38 mm × 50 mm; or c) 50 mm × 50 mm. The actual width and thickness of a piece, measured in accordance with annex C of SANS 1783-1, shall not differ from the nominal values by more than the appropriate of the tolerances given in 5.1.3.

5.1.2 Length The nominal length of a piece shall be as required and the actual length of a piece, measured in accordance with annex C of SANS 1783-1, shall be at least equal to the nominal value and shall not

 S  A N  S  1  7  E  8   d   3  i    t   i   4   o :  n 2  1   0  .4   0  7  4 

exceed it by more than 50 mm. NOTE Brandering and battens are commerc commercially ially available in lengths that are multiples of 0,3 m.

5.1.3 Tolerances  Allowable tolerances tolerances on the nomina nominall sizes (see 5.1.1 and 5.1.2) shall be as given given in table 4. Amdt 2

Table 4 — Allowable tolerances 1

2

Dimensions

Tolerance 

mm Length

+50 −0

Width

±3

Thickness

±3

Maximum variation in w wid idtth, or or thickness (or both) 1)

Regularized widths and thicknesses   Maximum variation in width

5 ±1 2

1) On the minimum rough rough sawn thickness and width. Amdt 2 

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4 5.2 Finish Unless another finish is required, the timber shall be evenly sawn and shall have squared arrises. The pieces shall have square-cut ends.

5.3 Squareness  Any out-of-squareness, out-of-squareness, determined in accordance with annex C of SANS 1783-1, shall not exceed 2 mm.

5.4 Density The density of visually stress-graded brandering and battens, determined in accordance with 3 annex C of SANS 1783-1, shall be at least 345 kg/m .

5.5 End-jointing 5.5.1 Finger-jointing Finger-jointed brandering and battens shall be allowed, provided that they are manufactured in accordance with SANS 10096 and that the adhesives used, comply with the requirements of SANS 10183-2, for exposure class 1 or 2, as relevant, except that when subject to proof-grading, Amdt 4   a) the joint area can be reduced to 20 mm, and

b) the wane in the profile area can be increased to 30 mm, subject to the orientation given in figure 10.

5.5.2 Splicing 5.5.2.1 General When so agreed upon, the splicing of brandering and battens shall be allowed, provided that it is done by an acceptable method and using acceptable nail plates, and that the joints are of acceptable bending strength. 5.5.2.2 Rules  All end-jointed timber shall be marked in accordance with 7.2(b) and table 5, and be of acceptable finish. The following rules shall be adhered to in the manufacture of spliced timber: a) only nail plates approved for a particular size and grade of timber shall be used to splice markAmdt 2 bearing timber; b) the ends to be jointed shall be square and gaps between ends shall not exceed 1,5 mm; c) the variation in thickness betwe between en pieces in a joint shall not exceed 2 mm; d) two nail plates shall be used on each joint; e) nail plates shall not be used on recut faces (see figure 1); f) the offset between plates shall not exceed 10 mm and each plate shall be so positioned equally over both pieces that the joint is within 10 mm of the centre line of the length of the plate;

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4 g) the nails shall be fully embedded in the timber and shall not be bent; h) the edges of the nail plates shall not protrude beyond the edges of the spliced surfaces; and i) defects allowed in the joint area, and axial and transverse misalignment shall be in accordance with SANS 10096.

5.6 Mechanically proof-graded timber Proof-graded timber shall be graded in accordance with annex C of SANS 1783-1, and shall withstand the appropriate test load without showing any sign of fracture.

Figure 1 — Splicing and the position of use

6 Inspection and m methods ethods of test The requirements given in clause 6 of SANS 1783-1 and the following requirements apply:

6.1 Inspection Visually examine and, when necessary, measure, using the appropriate methods given in annex C of SANS 1783-1, and in accordance with 6.2, the inherent defects that occur in each piece taken in accordance with annex B of SANS 1783-1, for compliance with the relevant requirements of this part of SANS 1783.

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4 6.2 Sequence of te testing sting In the case of mechanically mechanical ly proof-graded timber, first f irst carry out the ttest est given in clause C.9 of annex C of SANS 1783-1 and then carry out the relevant tests given in annex C of SANS 1783-1, in the order in which they are given.

7 Packing and marking 7.1 Packing Brandering and battens shall be supplied in securely strapped bundles. The straps shall be evenly spaced, at intervals not exceeding 2 m, and the outer straps shall be approximately 300 mm from the adjacent end. Only brandering and battens of the same nominal cross-section and length shall be packed together in a bundle.

7.2 Marking  A face of each piece of brandering and each piece of batten shall bear the following information in Amdt 1 legible and indelible signal red marking (colour No. A11 of SANS 1091): a) the manufacturer’s name or trade name or trade mark; b) the grade identification mark, as given in table 5; c) the letters SP in the case of spliced brandering and battens; and

Amdt 1

d) in the case of finger-jointed brandering and battens, the package or bundle and at least one piece in the package or bundle shall have one additional mark on the face, containing the date or the batch number of the finger-jointing in addition to the marking specified in SANS 10096. Amdt 2

Table 5 — Grade identification 1

2

Method of grading 

Grade identification mark

Visual  Mechanical Proof

1)  1) 

S ● a certification mark ● 5 S

1)

a certification mark ● 5  

S ● a certification mark

1)

5  

1) As applicable. Amdt 2; amdt 4

 

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

Figure 2 — Through face knot not exposed on an arris

Figure 3 — Through face knot exposed on one arris

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

NOTE In the case of checked and exposed loose k knots: nots: a + b = 1¼ face width, max.

Figure 4 — Through face knots exposed on two arrises

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

NOTE In the case of checked and exposed loose k knots nots of type 2 2:: a + b = 1¼ face width, max.

Figure 5 — Through face knots exposed on three arrises

Figure 6 — Edge knot

Figure 7 — Edge knots exposed on one arris

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

Figure 8 — Edge knot exposed on two arrises

Figure 9 — Splay knots

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

For example, on a 38 mm × 38 mm batten e = f  = 38 Measure a and d. Then: 38 − d = c  38 − a = b  or 76 − (a + d) = b + c   where b + c = wane around arris (not to exceed 30 mm in the case of proofgraded battens)

a) Measuring of wane around the arris

Wane on one piece: b + c not to exceed 30 mm

Wane on both pieces, not coinciding in joint: b + c + g + h not to exceed 30 mm

Wane on both pieces, coinciding in joint: largest value of b + c and g + h (in this case g + h) not to exceed 30 mm 

b) Examples of wane measurements when finger-jointing brandering or battens 1 and 2 Figure 10 — Measurement of wane around the arris on a proof-graded piece of timber

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SANS 1783-4:2010 Edition 1.4

Annex A (normative)

Notes to purchasers The requirements of annex A of SANS 1783-1 and the following requirements apply:

A.1

The following requirements shall be specified in tender invitations and in each order or contract: a) the nominal dimensions of the brandering or battens (see 5.1); and b) the finish, if other than sawn (see 5.2).

A.2

The following can be agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser:

the use of splicing (see 5.5.2).

Annex B (normative)

Quality verification of timber units and assessment of compliance See annex B of SANS 1783-1 and the following requirement: In the case of mechanically proof-graded timber, each piece shall be correctly proof-graded (see note 2 to clause 1).

Bibliography  SANS 9001/ISO 9001, Quality management systems – Requirements.  Requirements. 

Amdt 3  3  Amdt 2

SANS 10160 (SABS 0160), The general procedures and loadings to be adopted in the design of Amdt 2 buildings. SANS 10163-1, The structural use of timber – Part 1: Limit-states design.  design.  

Amdt 2

SANS 10163-2 (SABS 0163-2), The structural use of timber – Part 2: Allowable stress design. Amdt 2

© SABS

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  SABS – Standards Division The objective of the SABS Standards Division is to develop, promote and maintain South African National Standards. Standards. This objective is incorporated incorporated in the Standards Act, 2008 (Act No. 8 of 2008).  Amend  Am endment ment s an d Revi si on s South African National Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of South African National Standards should ensure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. The SABS continuously strives to improve the quality of its products and services and would therefore be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this standard would inform the secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found in the foreword. Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6666 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 The SABS offers an individual notification service, which ensures that subscribers automatically receive notification regarding amendments amendments and revisions to South African National Standards. Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6883 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: sales@sabs.co.za  sales@sabs.co.za  Buying Sta Standards ndards Contact the Sales Office for South African and international standards, which are available in both electronic and hardcopy format. sales@sabs.co.za   Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6883 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: sales@sabs.co.za South African National Standards are also available online from the SABS website http://www.sabs.co.za   http://www.sabs.co.za

Information on Standards Standards The Standards Information Centre provides a wide range of standards-related information on both national and international international standards, and is the official WTO/TBT enquiry point for South Africa. The Centre also offers an individual updating service called INFOPLUS, which ensures that subscribers automatically receive notification regarding amendments to, and revisions of, international standards. info@sabs.co.za   Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6666 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: info@sabs.co.za Copyright The copyright in a South African National Standard or any other publication published by the SABS Standards Division vests in the SABS. Unless exemption has been granted, no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the SABS Standards Division. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. designatio ns. If these details are to be used for any purpose other than implementation, implementation, prior written permission must be obtained. Details and advice can be obtained from the Senior Manager. Tel: +27 (0) 12 428 6666 Fax: +27 (0) 12 428 6928 E-mail: info@sabs.co.za  info@sabs.co.za 

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