Sans 282

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

ICS 77.140.15; 77.140.60; 91.100.30

SANS 282:2004

ISBN 0-626-15603-3

Edition 5.1 Any reference to SABS 82 will be deemed to be a reference to this standard (Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 November 2002)

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Bending dimensions and scheduling of steel reinforcement for concrete

Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za © Standards South Africa

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table of changes Change No.

Date

Scope

Amdt 1

2004

Amended to correct the method of measurement of bending dimensions for shape code 41, to correct the calculated length for shape code 86, and to correct the hook allowance (h) and bend allowance (n) for hot-rolled mild steel bars (figure 2), and for high yield stress steel bars and cold-worked steel bars (figure 3).

Abstract Specifies the bending dimensions (including the methods of measurement) and the scheduling of steel bars for use in the reinforcement of concrete.

Keywords bending, concretes, hooks, numerical designations, reinforced concrete, reinforcing materials, reinforcing steels.

Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 5120.61, Construction standards, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition (SANS 282:2003). Annex A forms an integral part of this standard. A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been modified by amendment No. 1.

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

Contents Page Abstract Keywords Foreword 1

Scope ....................................................................................................................................

3

2

Normative references ...........................................................................................................

3

3

Definitions .............................................................................................................................

3

4

Bending dimensions .............................................................................................................

4

4.1 4.2

General....................................................................................................................... Scheduling..................................................................................................................

4 13

Bar and fabric schedules ......................................................................................................

19

5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7

General....................................................................................................................... Title block ................................................................................................................... Bar and fabric marks .................................................................................................. Type and size ............................................................................................................. Bending schedule....................................................................................................... Bending of fabric reinforcement ................................................................................. Cutting length .............................................................................................................

19 20 20 21 21 21 22

6

Bar or fabric label..................................................................................................................

22

7

Manufacturing and routine inspection...................................................................................

22

8

Quality evaluation .................................................................................................................

23

5

Annex A (normative)

Summary of shape codes ...................................................................

24

Bibliography..............................................................................................................................

25

1

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 This page is intentionally left blank

2

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

Bending dimensions and scheduling of steel reinforcement for concrete

1 Scope This standard specifies bending dimensions, the methods of measuring bending dimensions and the scheduling of steel bars that are used for the reinforcement of concrete.

2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a standard is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that standard, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from Standards South Africa. SANS 920 (SABS 920), Steel bars for concrete reinforcement. SANS 1024 (SABS 1024), Welded steel fabric for reinforcement of concrete.

3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 bend end portion of a bar, bent through 90° with respect to the adjacent portion of the bar and comprising a length n as shown in figures 2 and 3 3.2 bending schedule list in which the nominal sizes, types of steel, cutting lengths, bending shapes and dimensions of bars are given NOTE Throughout this standard, the diameter of a reinforcing bar is indicated as “d” and the standard radius of bending of such bar as "r".

3.3 calculated length calculated length of a bar, measured along its centre line NOTE Approximate values determined from the formulae given in table 1 are acceptable.

3

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 3.4 corner change of direction in a bar other than a bend or hook 3.5 cutting length total length (subject to a tolerance of ± 25 mm) specified in the schedule for each bar or for wires in each sheet of fabric, rounded up to the nearest 50 mm 3.6 hook end portion of a bar, bent through 180° with respect to the adjacent portion of the bar and comprising a length h as shown in figures 2 and 3 3.7 run-off leg portion of a bar which is undimensioned (see column 4 of table 1) and the dimension of which may deviate from the intended dimension, as explained in 4.2.1.3

4 Bending dimensions 4.1 General 4.1.1 Unless otherwise stated in a bending schedule, all dimensions given in the schedule shall be measured as shown in table 1 (i.e. shall be the external (outer) dimensions of the bends as shown in figure 1(b) and figure 1(c)). For deformed reinforcement, the extremities of the deformation shall be taken as forming the outside surface.

4

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 — Measurement of bending dimensions 1 Shape code 20

32

33

2 Method of measurement of bending dimensions

3 1)

Calculated length (measured along centre line) A

4 Information (sketch and dimensions) to be given in bending schedule Straight

A+h

A + 2h

A+n 34

A + 2n 35

36

(A + C + E) + 0,57 (B + D) - 3,14d If B or D > 400 + 2d, see NOTE 1 of 4.2.5 A + B - ½r - d

37 If r is non-standard, use shape code 51 A + B + C - r - 2d

38

A + B + C - r - 2d A + 0,57 B + C - 1,57 d 39 If B > 400 + 2d, see NOTE 1 of 4.2.5.

5

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 (continued) 1

2

3

Shape code

Method of measurement of bending dimensions

Calculated length1) (measured along centre line)

41

4 Information (sketch and dimensions) to be given in bending schedule

If angle with horizontal is 45° or less A+B+C otherwise see NOTE 4

If angle with horizontal is 45° or less A+B+C+n 42

otherwise see NOTE 4

If angle with horizontal is 45° or less A + 2B + C + E 43

otherwise see NOTE 4

If angle with horizontal is 45° or less 45

A+B+C-½r-d otherwise see NOTE 4 If angle with horizontal is 45° or less

48

A+B+C otherwise see NOTE 4 If angle with horizontal is 45° or less

49

A+B+C otherwise see NOTE 4 A + B - 0,43 R - 1,21 d If R is standard, use shape code 37

51

If R > 200 mm see NOTE 1 to 4.2.5

Amdt 1

6

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 (continued) 1

2

3

Shape code

Method of measurement of bending dimensions

Calculated length1) (measured along centre line) A + B + C + D -3/2 r - 3d

4 Information (sketch and dimensions) to be given in bending schedule

52

A+B+C+D+E -2r - 4d

53

A + B + C - r - 2d

54

A+B+C+D+E -2r - 4d

55

7

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 (continued) 1

2

3

Shape code

Method of measurement of bending dimensions

Calculated length1) (measured along centre line) 2A + 2B + 2n - 3r/2 - 3d

60

If angle with horizontal is 45° or less 62

A+C otherwise see NOTE 4 A

65

2A + B + 2h - r - 2d See NOTE 3 72

2A + B + C + n - 3r/2 - 3d

73

2A + 3B + 2n - 2r - 4d

74

8

4 Information (sketch and dimensions) to be given in bending schedule

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 (continued) 1

2

3

Shape code

Method of measurement of bending dimensions

Calculated length1) (measured along centre line)

4 Information (sketch and dimensions) to be given in bending schedule

A + B + C +2D + E + n- 5 r/2 - 5d

75

2A + r + d + 2h 81

For larger radii, see 4.2.5 Note to table 5 and refer to shape code 99

A + 2B + C + D - 2r - 4d

83

A + B + 0,57C + D - ½r - 2,57 d 85

If C is greater than 400 + 2d, see 4.2.5

C × π × B

(A − d)2 + B2 + X

Where X = 2 · π · (A-d) and B does not exceed A/5 or 150 mm, whichever is the least. 86

There shall be at least two full turns in the helix.

Where an additional turn is required at the helix' end(s), it shall be treated as a shape code 99.

Amdt 1

9

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 Table 1 (concluded) 1

2

3

Shape code

Method of measurement of bending dimensions

Calculated length1) (measured along centre line)

4 Information (sketch and dimensions) to be given in bending schedule Provide either a dimensioned sketch or a referenced sketch with dimensions A, B, C, D, E/R shown in the schedule

99

All other shape codes The dimension that is to allow for the permissible deviation shall be indicated, as shown in the relevant cases in column 4 of this table.

Where so desired, the standard radius r for corners may be increased, but shall not apply to end anchorages denoted by h or n. See 4.2.3.1. NOTE 1 r indicates the minimum values in tables 3 and 4. NOTE 2 The dimensionless sections of the bars are the run-off legs. NOTE 3 Ensure that dimension B is greater than 14d for smooth mild steel and greater than 18 d for deformed steel. NOTE 4 The length formula is approximate and when bending angles exceed 45°, the length should be calculated more accurately allowing for the difference between the specified overall dimensions and the true length measured along the centre line of the bar or wire. 1) These lengths are approximate and generally involve a slight positive difference from the exact mathematical expressions.

10

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

Figure 1(a) — Slope of cranked bars

Figure 1(b) — Dimensions of cranked bars

Figure 1(c) External dimensions of bent bars Figure 1 — Cranked and bent bars

4.1.2 Dimensioning reinforcement that requires special end preparation shall be consistent with the method of dimensioning for the reinforcement schedule. 4.1.3 The individual dimensions of a bar specified in a bending schedule shall be subject to the tolerances given in table 2. Table 2 — Cutting and bending tolerances Dimensions in millimeters 1

2

3

Method of forming

Length

Tolerance

Cutting

Straight lengths (including reinforcement for subsequent bending)

± 25

Bending

≤ 1 000 mm

±5

> 1 000 ... ≤ 2 000 mm

+5 -10

> 2 000 mm

+5 -25

4.1.4 The dimensions for the scheduling of reinforcement bounded by concrete faces shall allow for the appropriate tolerances shown in table 2, plus the tolerances allowed for formwork.

11

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 4.1.5 To facilitate packing for transportation, each bent bar shall fit inside an imaginary rectangle, of size 18 m × 2,2 m. NOTE 1 Normally the length of a bar should not exceed 13 m, although longer lengths can be obtained by special agreement with the supplier. NOTE 2 Certain bar types are supplied in coils. For helical bars (shape code 86 in table 1), check with the manufacturer as to which steel is available in roll form, i.e. in lengths considerably in excess of 13 m.

4.1.6 The standard values for minimum radii, bend and hook allowances (r, n and h respectively, as given in figures 2 and 3) shall apply to all shape codes, as applicable. If larger values are required, then the bar shall be treated as a "non-standard" bar (code 99) in accordance with 4.2.1.2. Where a non-standard radius is specified (for example, shape codes 51 and 65), it shall be not less than r.

Dimensions in millimetres 1 Nominal size of bar Hook allowance Bend allowance Radius

2 d h n r

1)

6 100 100 12

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

8 100 100 16

10 120 100 20

12 120 100 24

16 160 100 32

20 200 120 40

25 260 160 50

32 320 200 64

40 400 240 80

1) Non-preferred. Amdt 1

Figure 2 — Minimum hook, bend and radius allowances for hot-rolled mild steel bars that comply with SANS 920

12

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

Dimensions in millimetres 1 Nominal size of bar Hook allowance Bend allowance Radius

2 d h n r

1)

6 100 100 18

3 1)

8 100 100 24

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 120 100 30

12 160 100 36

16 200 120 48

20 240 140 60

25 300 180 75

32 400 220 96

10 40 480 260 120

1) Non-preferred. Amdt 1

Figure 3 — Minimum hook, bend and radius allowances for high yield stress steel bars and cold-worked steel bars that comply with SANS 920

4.2 Scheduling 4.2.1 General 4.2.1.1 Each bar or sheet of fabric shall be scheduled completely and without reference to earlier schedules. 4.2.1.2 The preferred shape codes are given in table 1 (see also annex A). Shapes that do not have a specific shape code number as given in table 1, shall be coded "99" (see table 1).

13

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 4.2.1.3 If coded as 99, the sketch shall be fully dimensioned or reference dimensioned in accordance with table 3, its dimensions being shown in the appropriate of the columns headed A, B, C, D and E/R of the schedule. 4.2.1.4 For all shapes, the dimension of the run-off leg (see column 4 of table 1), shall be allowed to deviate from its intended length by the sum of all tolerances. 4.2.1.5 No dimension given in table 1 shall be given a zero value, as this will change the basic shape.

14

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it from a fileserver/ Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

Table 3 ― Example of a bar schedule 1

2

Member

Mark, size & No. of

3

4

5

6

No. in each

Masses

Nom. size M.S H.T Total

Bar mark

Total No.

6

8

8

9

10

11

12

13

Bending dimensions for shape codes (SANS 282)

Reinforcement Type and size

7

Length1) mm

10

Shape code

40

A2)

B2)

C2)

D2)

mm

mm

mm

mm

Total

Fixing and non-standard bending details E2) or r2) mm

R= Mild steel bars (250 MPa) to SANS 920 Y= High yield steel bars (450 MPa) to SANS 920 1) Specified in multiples of 25 mm 2) Specified in multiples of 10 mm This schedule complies with SANS 282

Sheet title

Project No.

Schedule No.

Project

Ref. Drawing

Revision suffix

Section

Date

Drawn

Checked

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

15

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 4.2.2 Hooks and bends 4.2.2.1 Unless otherwise stated in a bending schedule, the proportions and dimensions of the hooks and bends shown in column 4 of table 1 shall conform to the appropriate values given in figures 2 or 3, as relevant, subject to variations as may follow from tolerances in other portions of the bar. 4.2.2.2 For all shapes with two or more bends in the same or opposite directions (whether in the same plane or not), the overall dimension given in the schedule shall always include a minimum straight length between the curved portion of the bends, as shown in figure 4. The value of this straight portion shall be not less than the following (see table 2 of SANS 920 (SABS 920:1985)): a) 4d for material with characteristic strength of 250 MPa; b) 4d for material with characteristic strength of 450 MPa and not exceeding 20 mm diameter; and c) 6d for material with characteristic strength of 450 MPa.

Figure 4 — Example of bar with more than one bend 4.2.2.3 The overall off-set dimension of a crank shall be not less than twice the diameter of a circle that circumscribes the bar or the wire. The angled length, as shown in figure 1, shall be not less than the following: a) 10d for material with a characteristic strength of 250 MPa; b) 12d for material with a characteristic strength of 450 MPa and not exceeding 20 mm diameter; and c) 14d for material with a characteristic strength of 450 MPa and exceeding 20 mm diameter. 4.2.2.4 The length of material to be used in the determination of the calculated length to form a bend or hook shall be as given for n or h in figures 2 and 3.

16

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 4.2.3 Radii of bends 4.2.3.1 The internal radius of a bend, hook or corner of a bar (where the radius is not specified as r as in table 4 or can be determined from dimensions) should be twice the nominal size of the bar, in the case of hot-rolled mild steel bars, and three times the size of the bar, in the case of high yield stress steel bars and cold-worked steel bars (see figures 2 and 3). Where so desired, the radius for corners may be increased. This change shall be indicated shape code 99. 4.2.3.2 The internal radius of corners marked with a radius r or where the radius can be determined from a dimension, shall be not less than the radius as specified in 4.2.3.1. 4.2.3.3 Corners in non-standard bars shall comply with 4.2.3.1 or 4.2.3.2, as applicable.

17

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it from a fileserver/ Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Reference or sheet details Fabric mark

No. of wires

Type and size of wires

Pitch1)

mm

Length1)

Overhangs2) O2

O3

O4

mm

Scheduled fabric example 02

O1

20

Y10

100

5 950

300

300

25

Y8

250

2 450

25

50

8 Sheet length L1) m

9 Sheet width B1)

10

11

12

No. of sheets

Shape code

14

15

16

17

A3)

B3)

C3)

D3)

E3) or r3)

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

5 700

Bending instruction

m

6,0

13

Special details and/or bending dimensions

12

38

125

12

37

500

2,45

Standard fabric example 05

Z8

Nom. size M.S Masses

H.T Total

517

6

8

5,8

10

40

Total

2,2

R = Mild steel bars (250 MPa) to SANS 920 R = High yield steel bars (250 MPa) to SANS 920 Z = Cold drawn wire rod 458 MPa 1) Specified in multiples of 25 mm 2) See figure 1 of SANS 1024 3) Specified in multiples of 5 mm This schedule complies with SANS 282

Sheet title

Project No.

Schedule No.

Project

Ref. Drawing

Revision suffix

Section

Date

Checked

Drawn

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

18 Table 4 — Example of fabric schedule

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 4.2.4 Angles 4.2.4.1 Unless otherwise stated in a bending schedule, the angle formed at a bend shall be a right angle. 4.2.4.2 In the case of an angle of a corner that is not a right angle, a) if the overall height is critical, the angle shall be defined by a slope length and an offset, as shown in figure 1(b), and b) if the slope is critical, the angle shall be defined by the length of the slope and the rise, as shown in figure 1(a).

4.2.5 Curved bars A bar that has to be formed to a radius less than or equal to the appropriate value given in table 5, shall be bent to the required curvature before being placed in its final position. Reinforcement to be formed to a radius exceeding that given in table 5, shall be supplied straight and the required curvature can be obtained during placing. NOTE 1 For shapes with straight and curved lengths (for example, shape codes 39, 51, 81 and 85 in table 1), the largest practical radius for the production of the continuous curve is 200 mm (this value should be checked with the bending yard concerned) and for larger radii the curve may be produced by a series of short straight sections. NOTE 2 A section of up to 300 mm at each end of a bar cannot be radiused. If necessary, the cutting length should make allowance for these lengths to be removed from the radiused portion.

Table 5 — Maximum bending radius 1

2

Nominal size of bar

Critical radius

mm

m

8 10 12

2,5 3 3,5

16 20 25

5 7 17

32

43

NOTE If a larger radius is required, the bar should be supplied as a straight bar and the required radius can be obtained during placing, but see also NOTES to 4.2.5.

5 Bar and fabric schedules 5.1 General NOTE The purpose of the provisions given in this clause is to obtain uniformity in the compilation of bar and fabric schedules. The implementation of these provisions should lead not only to easier interpretation of working drawings but also to simplification of the preparation of a bending and cutting list.

5.1.1 The bar and fabric schedules shall be separate and shall be drawn up as shown in tables 3 and 4, respectively. Individual schedules shall be done on A4 sheets, but larger sheets of the A

19

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 series may be used in such a way that the schedules can be cut or folded to a nominal A4 size. For simple structural components such as beams, columns and rectangular column bases (but not only them), the assembly drawing of the component may be included on the same sheet as the schedule. Such drawings may be produced on A3 sheets on which the width of the schedule should be confined to the nominal width of an A4 sheet.

5.1.2 All hooks, bends and corner radii of bars shown in figure 3 shall be deemed to be standard values and are not reflected in dimensions in the schedule. For non-standard bars, dimensions of standard hooks, bends and corner radii may be omitted and where so omitted they shall be deemed to be standard values. NOTE For computer produced schedules, the column widths and the size of the schedule may vary from those shown in tables 3 and 4, but the sequence of columns should be maintained. The schedule should not be significantly larger than size A4.

5.1.3 The bar or fabric schedules shall include the statement "This schedule complies with SANS 282".

5.2 Title block The title block may appear either at the top or at the bottom of the schedule. The following information shall be displayed in the title block: a) the name of the project; b) the number of the project; c) the component type and the location (which may appear in the title block or in another place in the schedule); d) a cross-reference to a layout drawing number; e) the schedule number with an optional revision number. This should appear close to the righthand edge of the schedule. If the revision number does not form part of the schedule number, then the revision number is to be shown separately but adjacent to the schedule number; f) the name of the organization responsible for the design of the project; g) the date the schedule was prepared; h) the signatures or printed initials of the engineer and the checker; and i) such other information as the design organization deems necessary for the adequate control and administration of the project. NOTE Where a revision of the schedule is necessary, the line or lines affected may be indicated by a suitable reference on the schedule.

5.3 Bar and fabric marks The bar mark given in column 4 of table 3 and the fabric mark given in column 1 of table 4 shall consist of the identifying numbers or letters (or both), that shall also be displayed on a label (see clause 6), which shall be attached to the bars or to the fabric. Bar and fabric marks should consist of a range of consecutive numbers/letters, and no mark should consist of more than three characters. The numbers should be taken from the range 01 to 99 and the letters should be taken from the range A to YY. Where such ranges are inadequate, use either

20

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 a) a combination of letters taken from the range A to YY, followed by a single-digit number, or b) a combination of numbers taken from the range 01 to 99, preceded or followed by a letter. Combinations starting with "E" shall be reserved for bar marks where special end preparation is required (for example, couplers).

5.4 Type and size In the "Type and size" column, the types of steel and the nominal sizes of bars (given in SANS 920), shall be indicated in abbreviated (symbol) form, as follows: a) symbols R

denotes plain round mild steel bars, of strength 250 MPa;

Y

denotes high yield deformed steel bars, of strength 450 MPa; and

Z

denotes types of steel not covered by R or Y;

b) sizes: The size of the bar is given after the symbol and indicates the nominal diameter of the bar in millimetres. NOTE Where possible, mesh may not be listed on the same schedule as bar reinforcement.

5.5 Bending schedule 5.5.1 The bending dimensions given in table 3 and table 4 should be multiples of 5 mm, and due regard should be given to the applicable requirements and bending tolerances in table 2. 5.5.2 Shapes of shape code 99 shall be shown in sufficient detail (see annex A) to facilitate cutting and bending, or they shall be supported by a dimensioned sketch. The method for the measurement of dimensions in table 4 shall be used. The total length shall be given, and unless there is an end anchorage bend or hook, one bending dimension, preferably an end dimension, shall be indicated as the free dimension, to allow for permissible deviations. The r, n and h values, if different from the values given in figure 2 and figure 3, shall be given in the schedule. The tolerances in table 2 also apply to shape code 99.

5.6 Bending of fabric reinforcement The sketch in column 12 of table 4 shall indicate the following: a) the direction of bending relative to the transverse wires (see figure 5(a));

Figure 5(a) — Position of transverse wires

21

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 b) the direction of the longitudinal wires of the sheet, to ensure bending about the correct axis (see figure 5(b));

Figure 5(b) — Indication of longitudinal wires c) the correct orientation of an asymmetric sheet, to ensure the correct setting out of bending dimensions (see figure 5(c)).

Figure 5(c) — Orientation of an asymmetric sheet Figure 5 — Positions of fabric reinforcement For all bent fabric reinforcement, the bending dimensions shall not be indicated at positions near welded transverse wires that occur within four diameters of the start of a bend (see figure 6).

Figure 6 — Position of welded transverse wires

5.7 Cutting length The length of a bar shall be the cutting length as defined in 3.5.

6 Bar or fabric label The bar or fabric label shall contain sufficient information to identify the bar or fabric in terms of the relevant schedule.

7 Manufacturing and routine inspection 7.1 Purpose-made shearing equipment shall be used for cutting bars to length. The tolerances given in table 2 shall apply to each length.

22

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1 7.2 Bending shall be carried out on power bending machines. Plain smooth surfaces or rolls that do not offer resistance to longitudinal movement of the bars or fabric being bent shall be provided to ensure adequate support. The diameter of formers that are used in bending bends and hooks in accordance with figure 2 and figure 3 shall be such that bends and hooks will be provided of the radii given in figure 2 and figure 3, subject to the appropriate tolerances. 7.3 The manufacturer shall ensure that cutting and bending machine operators are trained in the skills necessary to produce cut and bent products of dimensions within the permissible size deviations and of consistent quality. A formal operative approval and testing system shall be implemented and operators shall have been certified by the manufacturer as having achieved the minimum standards of competence.

8 Quality evaluation Quality evaluation shall be carried out in accordance with SANS 920 in the case of steel bars and in accordance with SANS 1024 in the case of steel fabric.

23

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

Annex A (normative)

Summary of shape codes Table A.1 — Summary of shape codes

NOTE 1 Use shape code 99 for all other shapes. A dimensioned sketch of the shape shall be given in the bending schedule. NOTE 2 Radii of all bends are standard unless r is given in the bending schedule. NOTE 3 All dimensions are external (outside) dimensions.

24

This eStandard is exclusively for Braamhoek Consultants for use on one standalone PC. To access it fro Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the standard may be made.

SANS 282:2004 Edition 5.1

Bibliography SANS 10144 (SABS 0144), Detailing of steel reinforcement for concrete.

© Standards South Africa

25