S1 T - Introducción, Evolución y Etapas de La Calidad

 

Gursb8 Gbntrba Vb Vbtj tjaa fm aj Gja Gjaifj ifjf f

Frj. Ino. Mamnj Ljtiafm ]rrjgj Umrojrj Wmlmstrm 434:-:3

 

Sjajdrjs   fm  Dimnvmnifj 

 

STMWMNVJGIBN FMA FBGMNVM 

Inomnimrj mn Infustrijs Jailmntjrijs fm aj ]nivmrsifjf Njgibnja fma Gjaajb Fbgtbr Fbg tbrj j mn Gimng Gimngijs ijs Jldimn Jldimntj tjams ams pbr aj ]nivm ]nivmrs rsifj ifjf f Njgibn Njgibnja ja fm Vruhiaab :0 jú júbs bs fm mx mxpm pmri rimn mngi gij j prbe prbems msib ibnj njaa gb gblb lb Hme Hmem, Wu Wupm pmrv rvis isbr brj j y Bpmrjfbrj mn fivmrsjs infustrijs fm prbfuggi÷n y smrvigibs (aêgtmbs, gêrnigbs, pjnieigjgi÷n, jailmntbs djajngmjfbs, insulbs jailmntigibs, rmstjurjntms y ejst ebbf, mtg). Mxpmrimngij prbemsibnja prbemsibnja mn ma fismúb m ilpamlmntjgi÷n ilpamlmntjgi÷n fm WOG, WOJl, WOGIJ Fbgmntm univmrsitjrij univmrsitjrij fmsfm `jgm :5 júbs mn prmorjfb y pbstorjfb pbstorjfb Mspmgijaistj y jsmsbrj mn Omsti÷n fm Gjaifjf, Omsti÷n fm prbgmsbs, Omsti÷n fm bpmrjgibnms y aboìstigj, Sajnms fm Nmobgib, Jufitbrìj fm gjaifjf y lmfib jldimntm, Inbguifjf fm jailmntbs.

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@BTJTIB 

 

Gursb88 Gbntrba Gursb Gbntrba Vbtj Vbtjaa fm aj Gjaifjf Gjaifjf Jpaigj Jpai gj abs abs prin pringi gipi pibs bs,, tégni égnigj gjss y `m `mrr rrjl jlim imn ntjs   gaêsi gaêsiggjs jsì gblb jgtu jg tuja jaiz izj jfjs fjs fma fma gbnt bntrba fm aj gjaif jaifjf jf,, mn aj gbnsm bnsmggugi÷ ugi÷n n fm aj mxgmamngij fm ajs brojnizjgibnms.

Wìajdb ]nifjfms :. Sajnieigjgi÷n y fismúb pjrj pjrj aj gjaifjf y bptilizjg bptilizjgi÷n i÷n fm fismúbs 4. Gbntrba Gbntrba mstjfìsti mstjfìstigb gb fm prbgmsbs, prbgmsbs, jsmourjlimntb jsmourjlimntb,, nbrljaizjgi÷n nbrljaizjgi÷n y guaturj guatur j fm aj gjaifjf.

 

Wìajdb

 

Wìajdb Mstrjt Mstrjtmoijs moijs fm jprmnfiz jprmnfizjhm jhm :. Mxpbsigibnm Mxpbsigibnmss pbr vifmbg vifmbgbne bnemrmn mrmngijs gijs

4. 7.

Fmsjrr Fmsjrrbaab baab fm jgtivifjfms gjaiei gjaieigjfjs gjfjs y n nb b gjaiei gjaieigjfjs gjfjs Tm Tmsba sbaug ugi÷n i÷n fm mhm mhmrg rgigi igibs bs y gjs gjsbs bs

Mstrjtmoijs fm Mvjaujgi÷n

:. 4. 7. 6. =. 5. ?.

Mxpbsigibnm Mxpbsigibnmss pbr vifmbg vifmbgbne bnemrmn mrmngij gij Tmsb Tmsbaugi÷n augi÷n infivifuja fm gumstibnjr gumstibnjribs ibs Tms Tmsbaug baugi÷n i÷n orup orupja ja fm tr trjdj jdjhbs hbs Mv Mvjau jaujgi÷ jgi÷n n fma pr prbgm bgmsb sb : Mv Mvjau jaujgi÷ jgi÷n n pjr pjrgija gija Mv Mvjau jaujgi÷ jgi÷n n fma pr prbgm bgmsb sb 4 Mv Mvjau jaujgi÷ jgi÷n n ein einja ja

 

Wmsi÷n :8Gbntrba Vbtja fm aj Gjaifjf8 Intrbfuggi÷n, Mvbaugi÷n y Mtjp jpjs js fm aj aj Gj Gjai aifj fjf f

 

Ujlbs j rmspbnfmr8 ²Gbnsifmrj qum aj gjaifjf fm abs prbfugtbs (dimnms y smrvigibs) ms rmspbnsjdiaifjf tbtja fma Fptb. fm Gbntrba fm gjaifjf mn ajs brojnizjgibnms2

 

GBNVTBA Gbnsistm mn bdsmrvjr fmsmlpmúb rmja, gblpjrjrab un mstênfjr y fmspués tbljr lmfifjs si ma  fmsmlpmúb fmsml pmúb bdsm bdsmrvjfb rvjfbmams ssionieigjtivjl ionieigjtivjlmntm mntm fiemrmntm gbn fm fmaa mstênfjr. Wm rmeimrm ja prbgms prbgmsb b qum sm mlpa mlpamj mj gbn ma ein fm gul gulpair pair gbn abs mstê mstênfjr nfjrms. ms. Ma prbg prbgmsb msb fm gbnt gbntrba rba timnm unj njtur njturjamz jamzj j fm un gigab fm TMV TMVTBJ TBJAIL AILMNV MNVJGI JGIBN. BN.

 

GJAIFJF Figgib iggibnj njrib rib fm aj Tmja Jgj Jgjfm fmlij lij Mspj spjúbaj úbaj88   Gjaifj Gjaifjf f (fm (fmaa ajt ajtin8 in8   Zu Zuja jait itjs js,, - jt jtis is))

Srbpim Srbp imfj fjf f b gb gbnh nhun untb tb fm prbp prbpim imfj fjfm fmss in`m in`mrm rmnt ntms ms j unj gb gbsj sj,, qum qum pm pmrl rlit itmn mn jprmgi jpr mgijra jrajj gblb gblb iou iouja, ja, lmh lmhbr br b pmbr qum ajs rmstjn rmstjntms tms fm su mspm mspmgim gim.. Mn smnti smntifb fb jdsba jd sbaut utb b dumnj dumnj gjai gjaifjf fjf,, sup supmri mribri brifjf fjf b mxgmamn mxgmamngij. gij. Gbn Gbnfig figi÷n i÷n b rmquis rmquisitb itb qum sm pbnm mn un gbntrjtb.

 

NBTLJ IWB 9333

Gjaifjf.   Or Orjfb jfb mn ma ma qum un gbn gbnhun huntb tbfm fm ggjrj jrjgtm gtmrì rìsti stigj gjss gbn abs rmquisitbs.

in` in`mr mrmnt mntms ms gulpa gulpam m

➤ Gjrjgtmrìstigj8 rjsob fiemrmngijfb fiemrmngijfbr. r. ➤ In`mrmntm8

qum mx mxis istm tm mn ja jaob ob,, msp spm mgija gijal lmntm gblb gblb unj

gjr gjrjg jgtm tmrì rìssti tigj gj

pmrljnmntm. ➤ Tmquisitb8 nm nmgm gmsi sifj fjf f b mx mxpm pmgt gtjt jtiv ivj j mstj mstjda damg mgif ifj, j, omnm omnmrj rjal almn mntm tm ilpa ilpaìg ìgit itj j u bdaiojtbrij.

 

 Jsmourjlimntb fm aj Gjaifjf   Jgtivif Jgtivifjfm jfms s paj pajnie nieigj igjfjs fjs y sistml sistmlêti êtigjs gjs ilpa il pam mlmnt mntjf jfj js fmn mnttrb fma fma sist istml mlj j fm gjai jaifjf fjf y fmlbstrjfjs mn tjntb smj nmgmsjrib pjrj prbpbrgibnjr aj gbneijnzj jfmgujfj qum unj mntifjf Nbrl rlj j IW IWB B gulpairê abs rmquisitbs pjrj aj gjaifjf ( Nb 93338433=). Fmeinigi÷n.

 

Gbntrba Vbtja fm aj Gjaifjf (VZG) Aj gj gjai aifj fjf f sm mx mxti timn mnfm fm j tbfj tbfj aj ml mlpr prms msj j mn su gr grmg mgil ilim imnt ntb b gbngmp gbn gmptuj tujaa y mn sus bdh bdhmt mtiv ivbs. bs. Nb sm gb gbnsi nsifm fmrj rj sbab gblb gblb un unj j gjrjgt gjr jgtmrì mrìsti stigj gj fm abs prbfu prbfugtb gtbs s b smr smrvig vigibs ibs,, sin sinb b qum qum jagjn jagjnzj zj ma nivma fm mstrjtmoij oabdja fm aj mlprmsj.

 

Intrbfuggi÷n Intrbfugg i÷n j aj Gjaifjf Vbtj Vbtjaa @istbr tbrij ij fm fm aj gjai gjaifjf fjf :. @is Aj gjaifjf, j ab ajrob fm aj `istbrij `j tmnifb fiemrmntms ljniemstjgibnms, abs prilmrbs infigibs sm rmlbntjn rmlbntjn j aj jntiouj Djdiabnij, sitib mn m n ma guja eum grmjfb ma g÷fiob @jllurjdi (:?=4 J.G.), mn éstm sm pumfm ammr amm r ‑…si un jrquitmgtb `izb unj gjsj pjrj btrb, y nb aj `izb s÷aifj, y si aj gjsj qum `izb sm fmrruld÷ y `j `mg`b lbrir ja prbpimtjrib fm aj gjsj, ma jrquitmgtb smrê lumrtb“ (Lirjnfj, G`jlbrrb & Tudib, 433? p. 4).

 

Sbr btrj pjrtm, abs emnigibs Sbr emnigibs tmnìjn gblb prêgtigj prêgtigj `jdituja gbrtjr gbrtjr aj ljnb fm ajs pmrsbnjs pmrsbnjs qum qum gbntinujlmnt gbntinujlmntm m rmjaizjdjn rmjaizjdjn prbfugtbs prbfugtbs fmemgtubsbs. Mstbs fbs mhmlpabs lumstrjn aj ilpbrtjngij fma trjdjhb dimn rmjaizjfb fmsfm ajs prilmrjs prilmrjs giviaizjgibnms.

Abs Djdiabnibs ( :=9=  ‗ :?94 J.G.) J.G.)   Abs Emnigibs (:433 J.G.)

 

4. Mtjpjs fm Mvbaugi÷n fm aj Gjaifjf8 (Dbunfs mt ja. :996) Jntms fm aj In Insp spm mgg ggi÷ i÷n n Aj gjai aif fjf gbnsi bnsisstìj tìj mn smam smamgg ggiibnjr bnjr abs abs ja jail ilmn mnttbs y vms msttifb ifb

qu qum m am

dmnmeigijrjn, nb j`jdìj prbgmsbs fm isejgmr ljnuejgturj. Ma prbfugtb mrj ønigb `mg`b, fm ljnmrj ljnmr mspmgija, pjrj sjtisejg sjt mr ajs nmgmsifjfms fma gaimntm. gaimnt m. y

 

bntr trba ba fm Gj Gjai aifj fjf f pb pbrr In Insp spmg mggi gi÷n ÷n (s (sio ioab ab PI PIP) P) Mtjpj :8 Gbn Wm gjrjgtmriz÷ pbr aj fmtmggi÷n y sbaugi÷n fm abs prbdamljs omnmrjfbs pbr aj ejatj fm uniebrlifjf fma prbfugtb. Njgm eiourj fma inspmgtbr (vioiaj b mxjlinj).

 

Mtjpj 48 Gbntrba Mstjfìstigb fma Srbgmsb (fégjfj fma trmintj) Wm mntmnfìj aj gjaifjf gblb un prbdamlj fm vjrijgi÷n, pumfm smr gbntrbajfb y prmvmnifb lmfijntm lmfijntm aj mailinjgi÷n fm ajs gjusjs qum ab prbvbgjdj prbv bgjdjn, n, gbn maab abs prbfug prbfugtbs tbs gulpamn gbn ajs mspmgieigjg mspmgieigjgibnms, ibnms, jsì aj inspmggi÷n fmhj fm smr ljsivj pjrj pjrj gmntrjrsm gmntrjrsm mn abs prbgmsbs.

 

Mtjpj 78 Ma Srbgmsb fm aj Gjaifjf Vbtja ‗ Jsm Jsmou ourj rjli limn mntb tb fm aj Gjaifjf (sioab PP, =3 ‗ ?3 júbs)

Wm rmgbnbgm qum aj gjaifjf nb sbab fmpmnfm fm abs prbgmsbs, sinb qum rmquimrm fm smrvigibs fm sbpbrtm, pbr ab qum sm fmdm gbbrfinjr mntrm ajs êrmjs fm prbfuggi÷n, fismúb, fismúb, jdjstmgilimntb, jdjstmgilimntb, ajdbrjtbrib, ajdbrjtbrib, mtg.

 

Mtjpj 68 Jflin iniist strj rjgi gi÷n ÷n Vbtja fm aj Gjai aif fjf ‗ Abs Srbgmsbs fm Lmhbr brj j Gb Gbnt ntin inu uj fm aj Gja jaif ifj jf ‗ (F (Fé égj gjf fj fm fmaa 03)

Wm dusgj j trjvés fm unj Jflin sjtisejgmr gmr j linistr istrjg jgi÷ i÷n n Mst Mstrjtéoig éoigj j   sjtisej gaimntms intmrnbs y mxtmrnbs. Ma bdhmtivb nb sbab ms aj rmfuggi÷n fm vjrijdiaifjf, sinb aj døsqumfj fm nivmams fm bpmrjgi÷n Wmis Wiolj; mstb ms, prbgmsbs prêgtigjlmntm aidrms fm mrrbr.

 

Mtjpj =8 Innbvjgi÷n y Vmgnbabo Mtjpj Vmgnbaboìj ìj pjrj pjrj aj Mxgmamngij Mxgmamngij (sioab PPI) Aj gblp gblpmt mtit itiv ivif ifjf jf fmpm fmpmnf nfm m fm aj gjpjg jpjgif ifjf jf pjr pjrj rmspb mspbnf nfmr mr j abs abs gjldibs mn ma lmrgjfb y ajs eaugtujgib ibn nms sbg sbgijams, pbaìtigjs, mgbn mg bn÷l ÷lig igjs js y ei einj njng ngim imrrjs gbn gbn unj unj jat jatj vmab vmabgi gifj fjf f sbpb sbpbrt rtjf jfj j pbr aj innbvjgi÷n rêpifj y ma usb fm tmgnbaboìj, tjntb fm prbgmsbs/bpmrjgi÷n gblb fm inebrljgi÷n.

 

Mtjpjs Mvbaugi÷n fm aj Gjaifjf - Fijorj Fijorjlj lj Mtjpjs fm Mvbaugi÷n Mtjpj =8 Innbvjgi÷n y Vmgnbaboìj Vmgnbaboìj pjrj pjrj aj Mxgmamngij ((sioab sioab PPI) Mtjpj 68 Jflinistrjgi÷n Vbt Vbtja ja fm aj Gjaifjf Gjaifj f ‗ Abs Srbgmsbs fm  ‗

Lmhbrj Lmhbr j Gbntinuj fm aj Gjaifjf  (Fégjfj fma 03) Mtjpj 78 Ma Srbgmsb fm aj Gjaifjf Gjaifj f Vbt Vbtja ja ‗ Jsmourjlimntb fm aj Gjaifjf (sioab PP, =3 -?3 júbs) Mtjpj 48 Gbntrba Mstjfìstigb fma Srbgmsb (fégjfj fma trmintj) Mtjpj :8 Gbntr Gbntrba ba fm Gjaifjf pbr Inspmggi÷n (sioab PIP)

 

Mtjpjs fm Mvbaugi÷n fm aj Gjaifjf ‗ Aìn Aìnmj mj fm Vim Vimlpb lpb

 

7. Gja Gjaifj ifjf f - Gb Gbngm ngmpt ptbs bs jdr jdrmvi mvijf jfbs bs

Gbntr Gbn trba ba fm Gjaifjf Gjaifjf

Gjaifjf < Gbnebrlifjf gbn ajs mspmgieigjgibnms

Jsmour Jsmo urjlim jlimnt ntb b fm aj Gjaifjf Gjaifjf

Gjaifjf < Jptituf pjrj ma usb

 

Omsti Oms ti÷n ÷n fm Gjaifj Gjaifjf f

Gjaifjf < Jgtivifjfms gbbrfinjfjs pjrj firioir y gbntrbajr unj brojnizjgi÷n

Wistmlj fm Omsti÷n fm aj

Gjaifjf <  Wistmlj ebrlja pjrj jagjnz jag jnzjr jr unj memg memgtiv tivj j omsti÷ omsti÷n n

Gjaifjf

fm gjaifjf.

 

Gjaifjf Vbtja btja

Mxgmamn Mxg mamngij gij Mlprmsjr Mlprmsjrija ija

Gjaifjf < Wjtisejggi÷n fma gaimntm

Wjtisej ejggi ggi÷n ÷n fm abs Gjaifjf <   Wjtis gaimntms, meigimngij mgbn÷ligj m innbvjgi÷n y tmgnbaboìj

 

6. Gbngausibnms (Vbrrms, Kjt`mrinm. mt ja. 43:4)

❵ J

pmsj pmsjrr fma fma timl timlpb pb trj trjnsgu nsgurrrifb ifb, jun jun nb sm pb pbsm smm m un øni ønigb gbngmptb gbngmpt b fm qum ms gjaifjf.

❿ Ma gbngmptb fm gjaifjf ms mstufijfb fmsfm fivmrsjs ÷ptigjs, lug`js sm gblpamlmntjn, pbr maab usm ma qum lmhbr sm jfjptm j sus bdhmtivbs brojnizjgibnjams.

❰   Aj

gja jaif ifjf jf bdmf bdmfmg mgm m j unj unj pmrl pmrljn jnmn mnttm gbbr bbrfinj finjgi gi÷n ÷n mntr mntrm m aj

omrmngij y ajs êrmjs fm fismúb, ejdrigjgi÷n, prbfuggi÷n y ljrkmtino, mstm øatilb trjm abs rmqumrilimntbs fma gaimntm. gaimntm.

 

ejdrigjr ma prbfugtb gbn fig`bs ❹ Srbfuggi÷n fmdm smr gjpjz fm ejdrigjr rmqumrilimntbs fm ebrlj ebrlj meigjz meigjz y meigimntm. meigimntm.

❸

Ljrk Lj rkmt mtin ino o ine inebrlj brljrr ja lmr lmrgjfb gjfb aj gjai gjaifj fjf f fma fma prbf prbfug ugtb tb ei einj njaa m

ilpuasjr su gbnsulb fmntrb fm aj pbdajgi÷n. Ms fmgir, aj gjaifjf fmdm smr mntmnfifj y lês qum maab, smntifj b vivifj gblb un gblprblisb, unj ebrlj fm pmnsjr y jgtujr, unj guaturj qum prbfuzgj rmsuatjfbs mn sjti sj tise sejg jggi gi÷n ÷n nb s÷ab s÷ab pjr pjrj gaim gaimnt ntms ms intm intmrn rnbs bs y mxt xtmr mrnb nbs, s, sinb sinb pjr pjrj aj sbgimfjf; qum omnmrm gjldibs y lmhbrjs gbntinujlmntm, brimntjfbs j aj mxgmamngij.

 

Sjrj gblpamlmntjr gbnbgilimntbs8

 

²Zué ms ma Gbntrba Vbtja Vbtja fm aj Gjaifjf2 `ttps8//www.ybutudm.gbl/wjtg`2v