Russian Revolution

 

Russian Revolution •

Revolution is the collective term for a pair of revolutions revolutions in  in Russia Russia in  in The Russian Revolution is 1917, which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy  autocracy and led to the eventual rise of the Soviet Union. Union. At first there was a Feruary Feruary revolution which led led to the adication of tsar !icholas "" and fall of Russian empire.The old re#ime was replaced y a provisional #overnment #overnment y the memers of $uma %parliament&.Then %parliament&.Then there was another revolution y the 'olshevi(s in )ctoer called )ctoer revolution

Political situation in RussiaRussiaBy early 20th century most of the European ctries were either republic like france or constitutional monarchy like Britain. The rule of the old feudal aristocracies has been replaced by that of a more democratic and liberal middle class.But rusia was stiil ander an autocratic rule of absolute monarchT monarch Tsar! whose authority was not sub"ect to any parliament.#icholas $$of Romonov dynasty! was a very conservative ruler who believe in his divine ri%hts to be kin% and believed that Russian people were devoted to him. But in reality only nobility and upper layers of  cler%y supported Tsar. &is attitude prevented him from allowin% democratic institutes to work properly.&is properly.&is vast empire consisted of many nationalities and cultures. &e tried to impose Russian Russian lan%ua%e and culture amon% non Russian Russian parts of his empire which caused caused %reat completely dominated dominated y his wife. wife. dissatisfaction amon% them.  !icholas "" was completely She, in turn, was ruled y a friend named Rasputin who virtually ran the #overnment. *orruption in the state resulted in #reat sufferin# amon# the people

+rowin# socialism in uropeThere was rise and #rowth of socialist movement throu#hout urope in 19th  century.'y century .'y early twentieth century there was socialist or#anisations in almost all parts of urope includin# includin# Russia. Russia. 'ut with 1st ww1 socialist movement in most countries suffered a setac( and the Second " nternational "nternational the socialists should support their nation in war orwas not.also split on the issue whether +rowth of revolution revolutionary ary movement in Russia As a part of this #rowin# #rowin# socialist movements movements in urope urope many socialist socialist revolutionary revolutionary movement also #rew in Russia. hen the wor(ers/ or#ani0ations were set up after industriali0ation industriali 0ation e#an, they were dominated y ideas of socialism. "n 12, the Russian Social $emocratic 3arty was formed y +eor#e 3le(hanov, a 4ar5ist.   This party alon# with many other socialist #roups was united into the Russian Social $emocratic 6aour 3arty in 19. "t was an ille#al or#anisation. or#anisation.  This party alon# with many other socialist #roups was united into the Russian Social $emocratic 6aour 3arty in 19. owever, the party was soon split over 8uestions of or#ani0ation and policy. )ne #roup which was in a minority %hence (nown as the 4enshevi(s& favoured a party of the type that e5isted in countries li(e France and +ermany and participated in elections to the parliaments of their countries. The maority, (nown as

 

the 'olshevi(s%leader 'olshevi(s%leader :ladmir 6enin& , were convinced that in a country where no democratic ri#hts e5isted and where there was no parliament, a party or#ani0ed on parliamentary lines lines would not e effective. They favoured a party of those who would aide y the discipline of the party and wor( for revolution.'o revolution.'oth th these parties considered industrial wor(ers as main revolutionary population. Some Russian socialist considered that peasants should e the main force of revolution as maority of population population%;